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Okoh J, Mays J, Bacq A, Oses-Prieto JA, Tyanova S, Chen CJ, Imanbeyev K, Doladilhe M, Zhou H, Jafar-Nejad P, Burlingame A, Noebels J, Baulac S, Costa-Mattioli M. Targeted suppression of mTORC2 reduces seizures across models of epilepsy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7364. [PMID: 37963879 PMCID: PMC10645975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that poses a major threat to public health. Hyperactivation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is believed to lead to abnormal network rhythmicity associated with epilepsy, and its inhibition is proposed to provide some therapeutic benefit. However, mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) is also activated in the epileptic brain, and little is known about its role in seizures. Here we discover that genetic deletion of mTORC2 from forebrain neurons is protective against kainic acid-induced behavioral and EEG seizures. Furthermore, inhibition of mTORC2 with a specific antisense oligonucleotide robustly suppresses seizures in several pharmacological and genetic mouse models of epilepsy. Finally, we identify a target of mTORC2, Nav1.2, which has been implicated in epilepsy and neuronal excitability. Our findings, which are generalizable to several models of human seizures, raise the possibility that inhibition of mTORC2 may serve as a broader therapeutic strategy against epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Okoh
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Altos Labs Inc, Bay Area Institute, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Jacqunae Mays
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandre Bacq
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Departments of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Fransisco, San Fransisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefka Tyanova
- Altos Labs Inc, Bay Area Institute, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Chien-Ju Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Novartis Inc, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Khalel Imanbeyev
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marion Doladilhe
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Altos Labs Inc, Bay Area Institute, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | - Alma Burlingame
- Departments of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Fransisco, San Fransisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie Baulac
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Costa-Mattioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Altos Labs Inc, Bay Area Institute, Redwood City, CA, USA.
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Curry RN, Aiba I, Meyer J, Lozzi B, Ko Y, McDonald MF, Rosenbaum A, Cervantes A, Huang-Hobbs E, Cocito C, Greenfield JP, Jalali A, Gavvala J, Mohila C, Serin Harmanci A, Noebels J, Rao G, Deneen B. Glioma epileptiform activity and progression are driven by IGSF3-mediated potassium dysregulation. Neuron 2023; 111:682-695.e9. [PMID: 36787748 PMCID: PMC9991983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Seizures are a frequent pathophysiological feature of malignant glioma. Recent studies implicate peritumoral synaptic dysregulation as a driver of brain hyperactivity and tumor progression; however, the molecular mechanisms that govern these phenomena remain elusive. Using scRNA-seq and intraoperative patient ECoG recordings, we show that tumors from seizure patients are enriched for gene signatures regulating synapse formation. Employing a human-to-mouse in vivo functionalization pipeline to screen these genes, we identify IGSF3 as a mediator of glioma progression and dysregulated neural circuitry that manifests as spreading depolarization (SD). Mechanistically, we discover that IGSF3 interacts with Kir4.1 to suppress potassium buffering and found that seizure patients exhibit reduced expression of potassium handlers in proliferating tumor cells. In vivo imaging reveals that dysregulated synaptic activity emanates from the tumor-neuron interface, which we confirm in patients. Our studies reveal that tumor progression and seizures are enabled by ion dyshomeostasis and identify SD as a driver of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Naomi Curry
- The Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Isamu Aiba
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jochen Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brittney Lozzi
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yeunjung Ko
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Malcolm Ford McDonald
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Development, Disease, Models, and Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anna Rosenbaum
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexis Cervantes
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emmet Huang-Hobbs
- The Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carolina Cocito
- Department of Pediatric Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Ali Jalali
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jay Gavvala
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carrie Mohila
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Akdes Serin Harmanci
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- The Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Cancer Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Development, Disease, Models, and Therapeutics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Ning Y, Noebels J, Aiba I, Reeder T. 072 Fenfluramine directly inhibits cortical spreading depolarisation: a patho physiologic process linked to SUDEP. J Neurol Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-abn2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
RationaleFenfluramine substantially reduces rates of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in Dravet syndrome (Cross JH et al, AES 2020). Fenfluramine reduces respiratory arrest in the DBA/1 SUDEP mouse model (Tupal and Faingold,Epilepsia. 2019). Spreading depolarisation (SD) is a pathophysiologic event linked to cardiorespiratory collapse in SUDEP models. We report that fenfluramine inhibits SD, and explore its potential inhibitory mechanisms.MethodsWe examined the effects of fenfluramine on SD evoked by KCl or oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in cortical brain slices of adult C57Bl/6 mice. We also measured the effect on GABAAR-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) in vitro.ResultsFenfluramine increased the threshold for SD events at clinically relevant concentration ranges (~10 µM). Blocking GABAARs with gabazine did not fully occlude SD inhibition by fenfluramine, suggesting that GABAAR potentiation is not involved in the inhibitory SD mechanism of fenfluramine.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that fenfluramine directly inhibits SD generation without acting via a neurovascular mechanism suggesting that SD inhibition could account for the decrease in expected rates of SUDEP in patients treated with fenfluramine.
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Abstract
Aberrant cortical network excitability is an inextricable feature of Alzheimer disease (AD) that can negatively impact memory and accelerate cognitive decline. Surface electroencephalogram spikes and intracranial recordings of nocturnal silent seizures in human AD, coupled with the abnormal neural synchrony that precedes development of behavioral seizures in mouse AD models, build the case for epileptogenesis as an early therapeutic target for AD. Since most individuals with AD do not develop overt seizures, leveraging functional biomarkers of epilepsy risk to stratify a heterogeneous AD patient population for treatment is research priority for successful clinical trial design. Who will benefit from antiseizure interventions, which one, and when should it begin?
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D. Lam
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Mahoney JM, Mills JD, Muhlebner A, Noebels J, Potschka H, Simonato M, Kobow K. 2017 WONOEP appraisal: Studying epilepsy as a network disease using systems biology approaches. Epilepsia 2019; 60:1045-1053. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Mahoney
- Department of Neurological Sciences Department of Computer Science University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine Burlington Vermont
| | - James D. Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Angelika Muhlebner
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Heidrun Potschka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Medical Sciences University of Ferrara and School of Medicine University Vita‐Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | - Katja Kobow
- Department of Neuropathology Universitätsklinikum ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nürnberg Erlangen Germany
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Yu K, Hatcher A, Woo J, John Lin CC, Kong K, Mohila C, Lozzi B, Creighton C, Noebels J, Deneen B. CBMT-23. MODULATION OF HYPERSYNAPTIC MICROENVIRONMENT DIFFERENTIALLY PROMOTES GLIOMAGENESIS ACROSS PIK3CA VARIANTS. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kwanha Yu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Meyer J, Maheshwari A, Noebels J, Smirnakis S. Asynchronous suppression of visual cortex during absence seizures in stargazer mice. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1938. [PMID: 29769525 PMCID: PMC5955878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Absence epilepsy is a common childhood disorder featuring frequent cortical spike-wave seizures with a loss of awareness and behavior. Using the calcium indicator GCaMP6 with in vivo 2-photon cellular microscopy and simultaneous electrocorticography, we examined the collective activity profiles of individual neurons and surrounding neuropil across all layers in V1 during spike-wave seizure activity over prolonged periods in stargazer mice. We show that most (~80%) neurons in all cortical layers reduce their activity during seizures, whereas a smaller pool activates or remains neutral. Unexpectedly, ictal participation of identified single-unit activity is not fixed, but fluctuates on a flexible time scale from seizure to seizure. Pairwise correlation analysis of calcium activity reveals a surprising lack of synchrony among neurons and neuropil patches in all layers during seizures. Our results demonstrate asynchronous suppression of visual cortex during absence seizures, with potential implications for understanding cortical network function during EEG states of reduced awareness. Absence epilepsy is associated with frequent generalized spike-wave seizures and loss of awareness. Here the authors use 2-photon calcium imaging of primary visual cortex in a genetic mouse model of absence epilepsy and find that cortical neurons are less active and more loosely coupled to the seizure EEG signature than previously believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Meyer
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Atul Maheshwari
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stelios Smirnakis
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Jamaica Plain Campus, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Moyer JT, Gnatkovsky V, Ono T, Otáhal J, Wagenaar J, Stacey WC, Noebels J, Ikeda A, Staley K, de Curtis M, Litt B, Galanopoulou AS. Standards for data acquisition and software-based analysis of in vivo electroencephalography recordings from animals. A TASK1-WG5 report of the AES/ILAE Translational Task Force of the ILAE. Epilepsia 2017; 58 Suppl 4:53-67. [PMID: 29105070 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG)-the direct recording of the electrical activity of populations of neurons-is a tremendously important tool for diagnosing, treating, and researching epilepsy. Although standard procedures for recording and analyzing human EEG exist and are broadly accepted, there are no such standards for research in animal models of seizures and epilepsy-recording montages, acquisition systems, and processing algorithms may differ substantially among investigators and laboratories. The lack of standard procedures for acquiring and analyzing EEG from animal models of epilepsy hinders the interpretation of experimental results and reduces the ability of the scientific community to efficiently translate new experimental findings into clinical practice. Accordingly, the intention of this report is twofold: (1) to review current techniques for the collection and software-based analysis of neural field recordings in animal models of epilepsy, and (2) to offer pertinent standards and reporting guidelines for this research. Specifically, we review current techniques for signal acquisition, signal conditioning, signal processing, data storage, and data sharing, and include applicable recommendations to standardize collection and reporting. We close with a discussion of challenges and future opportunities, and include a supplemental report of currently available acquisition systems and analysis tools. This work represents a collaboration on behalf of the American Epilepsy Society/International League Against Epilepsy (AES/ILAE) Translational Task Force (TASK1-Workgroup 5), and is part of a larger effort to harmonize video-EEG interpretation and analysis methods across studies using in vivo and in vitro seizure and epilepsy models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Moyer
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Vadym Gnatkovsky
- IRCCS Foundation, Epileptology and Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tomonori Ono
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jakub Otáhal
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joost Wagenaar
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - William C Stacey
- Departments of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kevin Staley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Marco de Curtis
- IRCCS Foundation, Epileptology and Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Brian Litt
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Aristea S Galanopoulou
- Laboratory of Developmental Epilepsy, Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
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Lam AD, Deck G, Goldman A, Eskandar EN, Noebels J, Cole AJ. Silent hippocampal seizures and spikes identified by foramen ovale electrodes in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Med 2017; 23:678-680. [PMID: 28459436 PMCID: PMC5461182 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We directly assessed mesial temporal activity in two Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients without a history or EEG evidence of seizures, using intracranial foramen ovale electrodes. We detected clinically silent hippocampal seizures and epileptiform spikes during sleep, a period when both were most likely to interfere with memory consolidation. These index cases support a model in which early development of occult hippocampal hyperexcitability may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D Lam
- MGH Epilepsy Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gina Deck
- MGH Epilepsy Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alica Goldman
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emad N Eskandar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew J Cole
- MGH Epilepsy Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Ion channel genes, originally implicated in inherited excitability disorders of muscle and heart, have captured a major role in the molecular diagnosis of central nervous system disease. Their arrival is heralded by neurologists confounded by a broad phenotypic spectrum of early-onset epilepsy, autism, and cognitive impairment with few effective treatments. As detection of rare structural variants in channel subunit proteins becomes routine, it is apparent that primary sequence alone cannot reliably predict clinical severity or pinpoint a therapeutic solution. Future gains in the clinical utility of variants as biomarkers integral to clinical decision making and drug discovery depend on our ability to unravel complex developmental relationships bridging single ion channel structure and human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 .,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
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11
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Abstract
Premature death among individuals with epilepsy is higher than in the general population, and sudden unexpected death is the most common cause of this mortality. A new multisite collaborative research consortium, the Center for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) Research (CSR), has received major funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to examine the possible biologic mechanisms underlying this potentially preventable comorbidity and develop predictive biomarkers for interventions that could lower SUDEP incidence. This inaugural report describes the structure of the CSR, its priorities for human and experimental research, and the strategic collaborations and advanced tools under development to reduce this catastrophic outcome of epilepsy. The CSR Partners Program will work closely with committed volunteer agencies, industry, and academic institutions to accelerate and communicate these advances to the professional and lay community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samden Lhatoo
- Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Vicky Whittemore
- Program Director-Epilepsy Channels, Synapses and Circuits, NINDS/NIH, Rockville, Maryland, U.S.A
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Abstract
Epilepsy genes deliver critical insights into the molecular control of brain synchronization and are revolutionizing our understanding and treatment of the disease. The epilepsy-associated genome is rapidly expanding, and two powerful complementary approaches, isolation of de novo exome variants in patients and targeted mutagenesis in model systems, account for the steep increase. In sheer number, the tally of genes linked to seizures will likely match that of cancer and exceed it in biological diversity. The proteins act within most intracellular compartments and span the molecular determinants of firing and wiring in the developing brain. Every facet of neurotransmission, from dendritic spine to exocytotic machinery, is in play, and defects of synaptic inhibition are over-represented. The contributions of somatic mutations and noncoding microRNAs are also being explored. The functional spectrum of established epilepsy genes and the arrival of rapid, precise technologies for genome editing now provide a robust scaffold to prioritize hypothesis-driven discovery and further populate this genetic proto-map. Although each gene identified offers translational potential to stratify patient care, the complexity of individual variation and covert actions of genetic modifiers may confound single-gene solutions for the clinical disorder. In vivo genetic deconstruction of epileptic networks, ex vivo validation of variant profiles in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, in silico variant modeling and modifier gene discovery, now in their earliest stages, will help clarify individual patterns. Because seizures stand at the crossroads of all neuronal synchronization disorders in the developing and aging brain, the neurobiological analysis of epilepsy-associated genes provides an extraordinary gateway to new insights into higher cortical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Noebels
- Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Bomben V, Holth J, Reed J, Cramer P, Landreth G, Noebels J. Bexarotene reduces network excitability in models of Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2091-5. [PMID: 24767949 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear retinoid X receptor agonist, bexarotene, has been implicated in recovery of cognitive function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since AD genetic mouse models also show abnormal neural hyperexcitability, which may play a destructive role in memory storage and retrieval, we studied whether bexarotene exerted dynamic network effects on electroencephalography cortical spike discharge rate and spectral frequency in an AD (hAPP J20 model) and non-AD (Kv1.1 null) mouse models of epilepsy. We find that oral treatment with bexarotene over 1 week acutely reduced spike discharges in both models and seizures in the Kv1.1 null mouse model without major alterations in the background frequency of brain rhythms. The effect was reversible and exhibited a similar rapid onset in hippocampal slices. While the exact mechanisms are unknown, bexarotene counteracts both amyloid-β-induced and amyloid-β-independent increases in cortical network hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Bomben
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jerrah Holth
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Reed
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paige Cramer
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gary Landreth
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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de Curtis M, Nehlig A, Noebels J, Sankar R, Vezzani A. WONOEP XI: Workshop summary by the Scientific Organizing Committee. Epilepsia 2012; 53:1275-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03505.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Holth J, Reed JG, Inoue T, Pautler R, Botas J, Noebels J. P1‐283: Tau loss reduces hyperexcitability in mouse and drosophila genetics models of epilepsy. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerrah Holth
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUnited States
| | | | - Taeko Inoue
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUnited States
| | | | - Juan Botas
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUnited States
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16
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York B, Reineke EL, Sagen JV, Nikolai BC, Zhou S, Louet JF, Chopra AR, Chen X, Reed G, Noebels J, Adesina AM, Yu H, Wong LJC, Tsimelzon A, Hilsenbeck S, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Ilkayeva O, Xu J, Newgard CB, O'Malley BW. Ablation of steroid receptor coactivator-3 resembles the human CACT metabolic myopathy. Cell Metab 2012; 15:752-63. [PMID: 22560224 PMCID: PMC3349072 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of lipid substrates is essential for survival in fasting and other catabolic conditions, sparing glucose for the brain and other glucose-dependent tissues. Here we show Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3 (SRC-3) plays a central role in long chain fatty acid metabolism by directly regulating carnitine/acyl-carnitine translocase (CACT) gene expression. Genetic deficiency of CACT in humans is accompanied by a constellation of metabolic and toxicity phenotypes including hypoketonemia, hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, and impaired neurologic, cardiac and skeletal muscle performance, each of which is apparent in mice lacking SRC-3 expression. Consistent with human cases of CACT deficiency, dietary rescue with short chain fatty acids drastically attenuates the clinical hallmarks of the disease in mice devoid of SRC-3. Collectively, our results position SRC-3 as a key regulator of β-oxidation. Moreover, these findings allow us to consider platform coactivators such as the SRCs as potential contributors to syndromes such as CACT deficiency, previously considered as monogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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17
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Klassen T, Davis C, Goldman A, Burgess D, Chen T, Wheeler D, McPherson J, Bourquin T, Lewis L, Villasana D, Morgan M, Muzny D, Gibbs R, Noebels J. Exome sequencing of ion channel genes reveals complex profiles confounding personal risk assessment in epilepsy. Cell 2011; 145:1036-48. [PMID: 21703448 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ion channel mutations are an important cause of rare Mendelian disorders affecting brain, heart, and other tissues. We performed parallel exome sequencing of 237 channel genes in a well-characterized human sample, comparing variant profiles of unaffected individuals to those with the most common neuronal excitability disorder, sporadic idiopathic epilepsy. Rare missense variation in known Mendelian disease genes is prevalent in both groups at similar complexity, revealing that even deleterious ion channel mutations confer uncertain risk to an individual depending on the other variants with which they are combined. Our findings indicate that variant discovery via large scale sequencing efforts is only a first step in illuminating the complex allelic architecture underlying personal disease risk. We propose that in silico modeling of channel variation in realistic cell and network models will be crucial to future strategies assessing mutation profile pathogenicity and drug response in individuals with a broad spectrum of excitability disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Klassen
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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18
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Abstract
Seizures in the human temporal lobe transiently impair cognition and steadily damage hippocampal circuitry, leading to progressive memory loss. Similarly, the toxic accumulation of Aβ peptides underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) triggers synaptic degeneration, circuit remodeling, and abnormal synchronization within the same networks. Because neuronal hyperexcitability amplifies the synaptic release of Aβ, seizures create a vicious spiral that accelerates cell death and cognitive decline in the AD brain. The confluence of hyperexcitability and excitotoxicity, combined with the challenge of seizure detection in the human hippocampus, make epilepsy in these individuals extremely important to correctly diagnose and treat. Emerging clinical evidence reveals an elevated comorbidity of epilepsy in AD, particularly when linked to mutations in the APP/Aβ gene pathway. Experimental models in genetically engineered mice confirm and extend these findings, highlighting the presence of subclinical seizures and overlapping pathophysiologic cascades. There is an urgent need for more clinical and basic investigation to improve the early recognition of hippocampal seizures arising during the course of dementing disorders, and to validate molecular blockers of Aβ-induced aberrant excitability that can slow and potentially reverse the progression of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Noebels
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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19
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Jiang YH, Pan Y, Zhu L, Landa L, Yoo J, Spencer C, Lorenzo I, Brilliant M, Noebels J, Beaudet AL. Altered ultrasonic vocalization and impaired learning and memory in Angelman syndrome mouse model with a large maternal deletion from Ube3a to Gabrb3. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12278. [PMID: 20808828 PMCID: PMC2924885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurobehavioral disorder associated with mental retardation, absence of language development, characteristic electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities and epilepsy, happy disposition, movement or balance disorders, and autistic behaviors. The molecular defects underlying AS are heterogeneous, including large maternal deletions of chromosome 15q11–q13 (70%), paternal uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 15 (5%), imprinting mutations (rare), and mutations in the E6-AP ubiquitin ligase gene UBE3A (15%). Although patients with UBE3A mutations have a wide spectrum of neurological phenotypes, their features are usually milder than AS patients with deletions of 15q11–q13. Using a chromosomal engineering strategy, we generated mutant mice with a 1.6-Mb chromosomal deletion from Ube3a to Gabrb3, which inactivated the Ube3a and Gabrb3 genes and deleted the Atp10a gene. Homozygous deletion mutant mice died in the perinatal period due to a cleft palate resulting from the null mutation in Gabrb3 gene. Mice with a maternal deletion (m−/p+) were viable and did not have any obvious developmental defects. Expression analysis of the maternal and paternal deletion mice confirmed that the Ube3a gene is maternally expressed in brain, and showed that the Atp10a and Gabrb3 genes are biallelically expressed in all brain sub-regions studied. Maternal (m−/p+), but not paternal (m+/p−), deletion mice had increased spontaneous seizure activity and abnormal EEG. Extensive behavioral analyses revealed significant impairment in motor function, learning and memory tasks, and anxiety-related measures assayed in the light-dark box in maternal deletion but not paternal deletion mice. Ultrasonic vocalization (USV) recording in newborns revealed that maternal deletion pups emitted significantly more USVs than wild-type littermates. The increased USV in maternal deletion mice suggests abnormal signaling behavior between mothers and pups that may reflect abnormal communication behaviors in human AS patients. Thus, mutant mice with a maternal deletion from Ube3a to Gabrb3 provide an AS mouse model that is molecularly more similar to the contiguous gene deletion form of AS in humans than mice with Ube3a mutation alone. These mice will be valuable for future comparative studies to mice with maternal deficiency of Ube3a alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
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20
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Zhang X, Bertaso F, Yoo JW, Baumgärtel K, Clancy SM, Lee V, Cienfuegos C, Wilmot C, Avis J, Hunyh T, Daguia C, Schmedt C, Noebels J, Jegla T. Deletion of the potassium channel Kv12.2 causes hippocampal hyperexcitability and epilepsy. Nat Neurosci 2010; 13:1056-8. [PMID: 20676103 PMCID: PMC2928878 DOI: 10.1038/nn.2610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We found the voltage-gated K+ channel Kv12.2 to be a potent regulator of excitability in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Genetic deletion and pharmacologic block of Kv12.2 substantially reduced the firing threshold of these neurons. Kv12.2-/- (also known as Kcnh3-/-) mice showed signs of persistent neuronal hyperexcitability including frequent interictal spiking, spontaneous seizures and increased sensitivity to the chemoconvulsant pentylenetetrazol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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21
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Anderson CME, Berkovic S, Dulac O, Gardiner M, Jain S, Friis ML, Lindhout D, Noebels J, Ottman R, Scaramelli A, Serratosa J, Steinlein O. ILAE Genetics Commission Conference Report: Molecular Analysis of Complex Genetic Epilepsies. Epilepsia 2009. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.t01-1-04312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Shuba YM, Perez-Reyes E, Lory P, Noebels J. T-type calcium channels: from discovery to channelopathies, 25 years of research. Channels (Austin) 2008; 2:299-302. [PMID: 18769138 DOI: 10.4161/chan.2.4.6577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav M Shuba
- International Center of Molecular Physiology NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine.
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23
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Goldman A, Noebels J. Comment. Epilepsia 2006; 47:1750-1; author reply 1755-6. [PMID: 17054704 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00885_5.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Anderson E, Berkovic S, Dulac O, Gardiner M, Jain S, Laue Friis M, Lindhout D, Noebels J, Ottman R, Scaramelli A, Serratosa J, Steinlein O, Avanzini G, Bailey-Wilson J, Cardon L, Fischbach R, Gwinn-Hardy K, Leppert M, Ott J, Lindblad-Toh K, Weiss K, Laue-Friis M. ILAE genetics commission conference report: molecular analysis of complex genetic epilepsies. Epilepsia 2002; 43:1262-7. [PMID: 12366744 DOI: 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.29502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Anderson
- Noebels at Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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25
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Shahbazian M, Young J, Yuva-Paylor L, Spencer C, Antalffy B, Noebels J, Armstrong D, Paylor R, Zoghbi H. Mice with truncated MeCP2 recapitulate many Rett syndrome features and display hyperacetylation of histone H3. Neuron 2002; 35:243-54. [PMID: 12160743 DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene cause Rett syndrome (RTT), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the loss of language and motor skills during early childhood. We generated mice with a truncating mutation similar to those found in RTT patients. These mice appeared normal and exhibited normal motor function for about 6 weeks, but then developed a progressive neurological disease that includes many features of RTT: tremors, motor impairments, hypoactivity, increased anxiety-related behavior, seizures, kyphosis, and stereotypic forelimb motions. Additionally, we show that although the truncated MeCP2 protein in these mice localizes normally to heterochromatic domains in vivo, histone H3 is hyperacetylated, providing evidence that the chromatin architecture is abnormal and that gene expression may be misregulated in this model of Rett syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Shahbazian
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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26
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Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are well-recognized examples of imprinting in humans. They occur most commonly with paternal and maternal 15q11-13 deletions, but also with maternal and paternal disomy. Both syndromes have also occurred more rarely in association with smaller deletions seemingly causing abnormal imprinting. A putative mouse model of PWS, occurring with maternal duplication (partial maternal disomy) for the homologous region, has been described in a previous paper but, although a second imprinting effect that could have provided a mouse model of AS was found, it appeared to be associated with a slightly different region of the chromosome. Here, we provide evidence that the same region is in fact involved and further demonstrate that animals with paternal duplication for the region exhibit characteristics of AS patients. A mouse model of AS is, therefore, strongly indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Cattanach
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 ORD, UK
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