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Gómez-García I, Fernández-Quintela A, González M, Gómez-Zorita S, Muguerza B, Trepiana J, Portillo MP. Usefulness of Opuntia spp. on the Management of Obesity and Its Metabolic Co-Morbidities. Nutrients 2024; 16:1282. [PMID: 38732528 PMCID: PMC11085070 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The plants of the Opuntia genus mainly grow in arid and semi-arid climates. Although the highest variety of wild species is found in Mexico, Opuntia spp. is widely distributed throughout the world. Extracts of these cacti have been described as important sources of bioactive substances that can have beneficial properties for the prevention and treatment of certain metabolic disorders. The objective of this review is to summarise the presently available knowledge regarding Opuntia ficus-indica (nopal or prickly pear), and some other species (O. streptacantha and O. robusta) on obesity and several metabolic complications. Current data show that Opuntia ficus-indica products used in preclinical studies have a significant capacity to prevent, at least partially, obesity and certain derived co-morbidities. On this subject, the potential beneficial effects of Opuntia are related to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation markers. Nevertheless, clinical studies have evidenced that the effects are highly contingent upon the experimental design. Moreover, the bioactive compound composition of nopal extracts has not been reported. As a result, there is a lack of information to elucidate the mechanisms of action responsible for the observed effects. Accordingly, further studies are needed to demonstrate whether Opuntia products can represent an effective tool to prevent and/or manage body weight and some metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Gómez-García
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.G.-G.); (A.F.-Q.); (S.G.-Z.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.G.-G.); (A.F.-Q.); (S.G.-Z.); (M.P.P.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina;
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.G.-G.); (A.F.-Q.); (S.G.-Z.); (M.P.P.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.G.-G.); (A.F.-Q.); (S.G.-Z.); (M.P.P.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.G.-G.); (A.F.-Q.); (S.G.-Z.); (M.P.P.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Eseberri I, Gómez-Maqueo A, Trepiana J, Gómez-López I, Proença C, Cano MP, Portillo MP. In Vitro Screening and Lipid-Lowering Effect of Prickly Pear (Opuntia Ficus-Indica L. Mill.) Fruit Extracts in 3T3-L1 Pre-Adipocytes and Mature Adipocytes. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2024; 79:143-150. [PMID: 38206481 PMCID: PMC10891207 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica fruits have been widely used due to their nutritional composition and beneficial effects on health, particularly against chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, among others. In recent years, prickly pear peel and pulp extracts have been characterised, and a high number of bioactive compounds have been identified. This study aimed to analyse the triglyceride-lowering effect of prickly pear peel and pulp extracts obtained from fruits of three varieties (Pelota, Sanguinos, and Colorada) in 3T3-L1 maturing and mature adipocytes. At a concentration of 50 µg/mL, peel extracts from Colorada reduced triglyceride accumulation in pre-adipocytes and mature adipocytes. Additionally, at 25 µg/mL, Pelota peel extract decreased triglyceride content in mature adipocytes. Moreover, maturing pre-adipocytes treated with 50 and 25 µg/mL of Sanguinos pulp extract showed a reduction of triglyceride accumulation. In addition, the lipid-lowering effect of the main individual betalain and phenolic compounds standards were assayed. Piscidic acid and isorhamnetin glycoside (IG2), found in Colorada peel extract, were identified as the bioactive compounds that could contribute more notably to the triglyceride-lowering effect of the extract. Thus, the betalain and phenolic-rich extracts from Opuntia ficus indica fruits may serve as an effective tool in obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Eseberri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrea Gómez-Maqueo
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Gómez-López
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Carina Proença
- REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Food, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Maria P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Gómez-García I, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP, Trepiana J. Changes in brown adipose tissue induced by resveratrol and its analogue pterostilbene in rats fed with a high-fat high-fructose diet. J Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s13105-023-00985-x. [PMID: 37843714 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds have attracted a great deal of attention since some of them can act as thermogenesis activators. In recent years, special interest has been placed on resveratrol and its analogue pterostilbene, a dimethylether derivative that shows higher bioavailability. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene on the thermogenic capacity of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) in rats under a high-fat high-fructose diet. Rats were divided into four experimental groups: control, high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHF) and HFHF diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg body weight/day of pterostilbene (PT30) or resveratrol (RSV30), for eight weeks. Weights of adipose tissues, iBAT triglycerides, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) and citrate synthase (CS) activities, protein levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), sirtuins (SIRT1 and 3), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), glucose transporter (GLUT4), fatty acid synthase (FAS), nuclear respiratory factor (NRF1), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), CD36 and FATP1 fatty acid transporters, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1) activation and the batokines EPDR1 and NRG4 were assessed in iBAT. The results show that some key proteins related to thermogenesis were modified by either pterostilbene or resveratrol, although the lack of effects on other crucial proteins of the thermogenic machinery suggest that these compounds were not able to stimulate this process in iBAT. Overall, these data suggest that the effects of stilbenes on brown adipose tissue thermogenic capacity depend on the metabolic status, and more precisely on the presence or absence of obesity, although further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Gómez-García
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Puy Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Besné-Eseverri I, Trepiana J, Gómez-Zorita S, Antunes-Ricardo M, Cano MP, Portillo MP. Beneficial Effects of Opuntia spp. on Liver Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1174. [PMID: 37371904 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Opuntia spp. includes plants capable of growing in arid, temperate and tropical climates. The vast majority of wild species grow in Mexico, but O. ficus-indica (prickly pear or nopal) is cultivated around the world and it is one of the most studied. This review shows the currently available knowledge concerning the action of O. ficus-indica and other Opuntia species (Opuntia vulgaris, Opuntia robusta, Opuntia streptacantha, Opuntia microdasys, Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia dejecta) on liver health. The available data demonstrate the positive effects of extracts, vinegar, juices or seed oil of the Opuntia genus on the alterations induced in the liver by inadequate feeding patterns or the administration of chemicals. In this regard, the potential beneficial effects of nopal are related to the attenuation of triglyceride accumulation, oxidative stress and/or inflammation. Nevertheless, there is no information concerning the bioactive compound's characterisation in most of these studies; consequently, it is not possible to link the therapeutic effects of these plants to the presence of specific compounds in the nopal extracts. Therefore, further research is needed to confirm if the positive effects observed in animal models are also found in humans, in order to determine whether Opuntia can represent an effective tool to prevent and/or manage hepatic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Besné-Eseverri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Food Functionality, Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Department, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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González-Arceo M, Trepiana J, Aguirre L, Ibarruri J, Martínez-Sanz M, Cebrián M, Recio I, Portillo MP, Gómez-Zorita S. Anti-Steatotic Effects of Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis gaditana and Gracilaria vermiculophylla Algae Extracts in AML-12 Hepatocytes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081960. [PMID: 37111177 PMCID: PMC10145070 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common chronic liver alteration whose prevalence is increasing in Western countries. Microalgae and macroalgae have attracted great interest due to the high content in bioactive compounds with beneficial effects on health. The aim of the present study is to assess the potential interest of extracts rich in proteins obtained from the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis gaditana and the macroalga Gracilaria vermiculophylla in the prevention of lipid accumulation in AML-12 hepatocytes. Toxicity was not observed at any of the tested doses. Both microalgae and the macroalga were effective in preventing triglyceride accumulation, with Nannochloropsis gaditana being the most effective one. Although the three algae extracts were able to increase different catabolic pathways involved in triglyceride metabolism, the mechanisms underlying the anti-steatotic effect were different in each algae extract. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis gaditana and Gracilaria vermiculophylla extracts are able to partially prevent the accumulation of triglycerides induced by palmitic acid in cultured hepatocytes, a model used to mimic the steatosis induced in liver by dietary patterns rich in saturated fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitane González-Arceo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jone Ibarruri
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cebrián
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, 609, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Isidra Recio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Milton-Laskibar I, Trepiana J, Macarulla MT, Gómez-Zorita S, Arellano-García L, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP. Potential usefulness of Mediterranean diet polyphenols against COVID-19-induced inflammation: a review of the current knowledge. J Physiol Biochem 2022:10.1007/s13105-022-00926-0. [PMID: 36346507 PMCID: PMC9641689 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a dietary pattern typical of the populations living in the Mediterranean basin during the 50s-60s of the last century. This diet has demonstrated beneficial effects in the prevention of several pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, or several cancer types, at least in part, due to its antioxidant compounds. Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, different authors have been studying the effects of certain dietary habits on the presence of COVID-19 and its severity, and the Mediterranean diet is one of them. This review gathers data from studies supporting the potential usefulness of the main phenolic compounds present in the Mediterranean diet, based on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as preventive/therapeutic agents against COVID-19. The current evidence supports the potential benefits that hydroxytyrosol, resveratrol, flavonols such as quercetin, flavanols like catechins, and flavanones on the order of naringenin could have on COVID-19. This is due to the increase in the synthesis and translocations of Nrf-2, which increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and thus reduces ROS production, the scavenging of free radicals, and the suppression of the activity of MMP-9, which is involved in the cytokine storm, and the inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA- Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Spanish National Research Council, Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain ,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Teresa Macarulla
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Laura Arellano-García
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain ,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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7
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Gómez-Zorita S, González-Arceo M, Fernández-Quintela A, Eseberri I, Trepiana J, Portillo MP. Scientific Evidence Supporting the Beneficial Effects of Isoflavones on Human Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123853. [PMID: 33348600 PMCID: PMC7766685 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones are phenolic compounds with a chemical structure similar to that of estradiol. They are present in several vegetables, mainly in legumes such as soy, white and red clover, alfalfa and beans. The most significant food source of isoflavones in humans is soy-derived products. Isoflavones could be used as an alternative therapy for pathologies dependent on hormonal disorders such as breast and prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, as well as to minimize menopausal symptoms. According to the results gathered in the present review, it can be stated that there is scientific evidence showing the beneficial effect of isoflavones on bone health and thus in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis on postmenopausal women, although the results do not seem entirely conclusive as there are discrepancies among the studies, probably related to their experimental designs. For this reason, the results should be interpreted with caution, and more randomized clinical trials are required. By contrast, it seems that soy isoflavones do not lead to a meaningful protective effect on cardiovascular risk. Regarding cancer, scientific evidence suggests that isoflavones could be useful in reducing the risk of suffering some types of cancer, such as breast and endometrial cancer, but further studies are needed to confirm these results. Finally, isoflavones could be useful in reducing hot flushes associated with menopause. However, a limitation in this field is that there is still a great heterogeneity among studies. Lastly, with regard to isoflavone consumption safety, it seems that they are safe and that the most common adverse effect is mild and occurs at the gastrointestinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01002 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Maitane González-Arceo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01002 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Itziar Eseberri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01002 Vitoria, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.E.); (J.T.)
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01002 Vitoria, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.E.); (J.T.)
| | - María Puy Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01002 Vitoria, Spain
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8
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Trepiana J, Krisa S, Portillo MP. Activity of Pterostilbene Metabolites against Liver Steatosis in Cultured Hepatocytes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225444. [PMID: 33233676 PMCID: PMC7699812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene is a dimethyl ether derivative of resveratrol, less metabolized than its analogue, due to the substitution of two hydroxyl groups with methoxyl groups. Nevertheless, the amounts of pterostilbene phase II metabolites found in plasma and tissues are higher than those of the parent compound. The first aim of this study was to assess whether pterostilbene-4′-O-glucuronide (PT-G) and pterostilbene-4′-O-sulfate (PT-S) were able to prevent triglyceride accumulation in AML12 (alpha mouse liver 12) hepatocytes. This being the case, we aimed to analyze the mechanisms involved in their effects. For this purpose, an in vitro model mimicking the hepatocyte situation in fatty liver was developed by incubating mouse AML12 hepatocytes with palmitic acid (PA). For cell treatments, hepatocytes were incubated with 1, 10 or 25 µM of pterostilbene, pterostilbene-4′-O-glucuronide or pterostilbene-4′-O-sulfate for 18 h. Triglycerides and cell viability were assessed by a commercial kit and crystal violet assay, respectively. Protein expression of enzymes and transporters involved in triglyceride metabolism was analyzed by immunoblot. The results showed for the first time the anti-steatotic effect of pterostilbene metabolites and thus, that they contribute to the preventive effect induced by pterostilbene on steatosis in in vivo models. This anti-steatotic effect is mainly due to the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Stéphanie Krisa
- Université de Bordeaux, UR Œnologie, MIB, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France;
| | - María Puy Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-945013067; Fax: +34-945013014
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9
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Fernández-Quintela A, Milton-Laskibar I, Trepiana J, Gómez-Zorita S, Kajarabille N, Léniz A, González M, Portillo MP. Key Aspects in Nutritional Management of COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2589. [PMID: 32785121 PMCID: PMC7463687 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review deals with the relationship among nutrition, the immune system, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The influence of nutrients and bioactive molecules present in foodstuffs on immune system activity, the influence of COVID-19 on the nutritional status of the patients, and the dietary recommendations for hospitalized patients are addressed. Deficient nutritional status is probably due to anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hypoalbuminemia, hypermetabolism, and excessive nitrogen loss. There is limited knowledge regarding the nutritional support during hospital stay of COVID-19 patients. However, nutritional therapy appears as first-line treatment and should be implemented into standard practice. Optimal intake of all nutrients, mainly those playing crucial roles in immune system, should be assured through a diverse and well-balanced diet. Nevertheless, in order to reduce the risk and consequences of infections, the intakes for some micronutrients may exceed the recommended dietary allowances since infections and other stressors can reduce micronutrient status. In the case of critically ill patients, recently published guidelines are available for their nutritional management. Further, several natural bioactive compounds interact with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the gateway for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Natural bioactive compounds can also reduce the inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2. These compounds are potential beneficial tools in the nutritional management of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Naroa Kajarabille
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Asier Léniz
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
- Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), Integrated Health Care Organization Araba, 01009 Álava, Spain
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina;
| | - María P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (A.F.-Q.); (I.M.-L.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01009 Vitoria, Spain
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10
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Gómez-Zorita S, González-Arceo M, Trepiana J, Eseberri I, Fernández-Quintela A, Milton-Laskibar I, Aguirre L, González M, Portillo MP. Anti-Obesity Effects of Macroalgae. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082378. [PMID: 32784488 PMCID: PMC7469045 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae have attracted great interest for their potential applications in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries as source of bioactive medicinal products and food ingredients. This review gathers data from in vitro and in vivo studies addressing the anti-obesity effects of macroalgae. Great consensus exists in all reported in vitro studies concerning the reduction induced by seaweed extracts in the expression of transcriptional factors controlling adipogenesis. In animals, macroalgae reduced body fat accumulation and prevented other obesity features, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and fatty liver. These effects are not due to food intake reduction, since few studies have reported such event. Indeed, the effects on metabolic pathways in target tissues/organs seem to play a more relevant role. Macroalgae can reduce de novo lipogenesis, limiting fatty acid availability for triglyceride synthesis in white adipose tissue. This effect has been observed in both cell cultures and adipose tissue from animals treated with macroalgae extracts. In addition, increased fatty acid oxidation and thermogenic capacity, as well as a shift towards healthier gut microbiota composition may contribute to the body fat-lowering effect of macroalgae. Studies in humans are needed to determine whether macroalgae can represent a feasible tool to prevent and/or manage overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Maitane González-Arceo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Itziar Eseberri
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-L.); (L.A.); Tel.: +34-945-013-863 (I.M.-L. & L.A.); Fax: +34-945-013-014 (I.M.-L. & L.A.)
| | - Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-L.); (L.A.); Tel.: +34-945-013-863 (I.M.-L. & L.A.); Fax: +34-945-013-014 (I.M.-L. & L.A.)
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina;
| | - María P. Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; (S.G.-Z.); (M.G.-A.); (J.T.); (I.E.); (A.F.-Q.); (M.P.P.)
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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11
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Trepiana J, Milton-Laskibar I, Gómez-Zorita S, Eseberri I, González M, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP. Involvement of 5'-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in the Effects of Resveratrol on Liver Steatosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113473. [PMID: 30400630 PMCID: PMC6274712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the effects of resveratrol (RSV) and some RSV derivatives on hepatic steatosis. In vitro studies, performed in different hepatic cell models, have demonstrated that RSV is effective in preventing liver TG accumulation by activating AMPK, due to its phosphorylation. These preventive effects have been confirmed in studies conducted in animal models, such as mice and rats, by administering the phenolic compound at the same time as the diet which induces TG accumulation in liver. The literature also includes studies focused on other type of models, such as animals showing alcohol-induced steatosis or even steatosis induced by administering chemical products. In addition to the preventive effects of RSV on hepatic steatosis, other studies have demonstrated that it can alleviate previously developed liver steatosis, thus its role as a therapeutic tool has been proposed. The implication of AMPK in the delipidating effects of RSV in in vivo models has also been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Trepiana
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Itziar Eseberri
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María P Portillo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Gómez-Zorita S, Trepiana J, Fernández-Quintela A, González M, Portillo MP. Resveratrol and Pterostilbene, Two Analogue Phenolic Compounds, Affect Aquaglyceroporin Expression in a Different Manner in Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092654. [PMID: 30205436 PMCID: PMC6165208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels that mediate glycerol release and glycerol uptake. They are involved in fat metabolism, with implications in obesity. The aim was to determine whether the administration of resveratrol and pterostilbene during the six weeks of the experimental period would modify AQPs expression in white and brown adipose tissues from Wistar rats fed an obesogenic diet, and to establish a potential relationship with the delipidating properties of these compounds. Consequently, thirty-six rats were divided into four groups: (a) group fed a standard diet; and three more groups fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet: (b) high-fat high-sucrose group: (c) pterostilbene-treated group (30 mg/kg/d): (d) resveratrol-treated group (30 mg/kg/d). Epididymal, subcutaneous white adipose tissues and interscapular brown adipose tissue were dissected. AQPs gene expression (RT-PCR) and protein expression (western-blot) were measured. In white adipose tissue, pterostilbene reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue weight and prevented the decrease in AQP9 induced by obesogenic feeding, and thus glycerol uptake for triglyceride accumulation. Resveratrol reduced epididymal adipose tissue weight and avoided the decrease in AQPs related to glycerol release induced by high-fat high-sucrose feeding, suggesting the involvement of lipolysis in its body-fat lowering effect. Regarding brown adipose tissue, AQP7 seemed not to be involved in the previously reported thermogenic activity of both phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marcela González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral and National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 48940 Vitoria, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centres, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Trepiana J, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI. Unraveling the in vitro antitumor activity of Vismia baccifera against HepG2: role of hydrogen peroxide. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00675. [PMID: 30003166 PMCID: PMC6039853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently natural products derived from plants are receiving huge attention because of their antitumor activities. In previous work we reported that an aqueous leaf extract of Vismia baccifera induced toxicity in HepG2. The present study focuses on the mechanisms of the cytotoxic actions induced by the extract. Results showed that V. baccifera was innocuous in non-transformed human HH4 hepatocytes. In HepG2 it caused deregulation of antioxidant status (increasing superoxide dismutase expression and decreasing glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, particularly hydrogen peroxide. The extract induced a) cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, b) phosphorylation of ATM (protein kinase ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and γH2AX (γ-histone family 2A variant), c) caspase-3 activation, and e) deregulation of the Bax/Bcl family, increasing pro-apoptotic proteins. ATM did not seem to be involved in γH2AX activation. Co-incubation with catalase prevented the alterations elicited by V. baccifera in HepG2. Taking together, these results indicate that hydrogen peroxide mediates the HepG2 cytotoxic response and provide evidence for more in-depth studies of the signaling involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Trepiana
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - M Begoña Ruiz-Larrea
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
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Trepiana J, Meijide S, Navarro R, Hernández ML, Ruiz-Sanz JI, Ruiz-Larrea MB. Influence of oxygen partial pressure on the characteristics of human hepatocarcinoma cells. Redox Biol 2017; 12:103-113. [PMID: 28214706 PMCID: PMC5312654 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the in vitro studies using liver cell lines have been performed under atmospheric oxygen partial pressure (21% O2). However, the oxygen concentrations in the liver and cancer cells are far from this value. In the present study, we have evaluated the influence of oxygen on 1) the tumor cell lines features (growth, steady-state ROS levels, GSH content, activities of antioxidant enzymes, p66 Shc and SOD expressions, metalloproteinases secretion, migration, invasion, and adhesion) of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, and b) the response of the cells to an oxidant stimulus (aqueous leaf extract of the V. baccifera plant species). For this purpose, three hepatocarcinoma cell lines with different p53 status, HepG2 (wild-type), Huh7 (mutated), and Hep3B (deleted), were cultured (6–30 days) under atmospheric (21%) and more physiological (8%) pO2. Results showed that after long-term culturing at 8% versus 21% O2, the cellular proliferation rate and the steady-state levels of mitochondrial O2- were unaffected. However, the intracellular basal ROS levels were higher independently of the characteristics of the cell line. Moreover, the lower pO2 was associated with lower glutathione content, the induction of p66 Shc and Mn-SOD proteins, and increased SOD activity only in HepG2. This cell line also showed a higher migration rate, secretion of active metalloproteinases, and a faster invasion. HepG2 cells were more resistant to the oxidative stress induced by V. baccifera. Results suggest that the long-term culturing of human hepatoma cells at a low, more physiological pO2 induces antioxidant adaptations that could be mediated by p53, and may alter the cellular response to a subsequent oxidant challenge. Data support the necessity of validating outcomes from studies performed with hepatoma cell cultures under ambient O2. The influence of pO2 on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell features is analyzed. Low oxygen tension (8% O2) induces antioxidant adaptations in HepG2. Low O2 increases the migration and invasion rates of HepG2. Antioxidant adaptations could be p53-dependent. Validating results from in vitro studies using cells cultured at 21% O2 are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Trepiana
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Susana Meijide
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Rosaura Navarro
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - M Luisa Hernández
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - M Begoña Ruiz-Larrea
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Nursing School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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Lizcano LJ, Siles M, Trepiana J, Hernández ML, Navarro R, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI. Piper and Vismia species from Colombian Amazonia differentially affect cell proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells. Nutrients 2014; 7:179-95. [PMID: 25558904 PMCID: PMC4303832 DOI: 10.3390/nu7010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest to identify plant-derived natural products with antitumor activities. In this work, we have studied the effects of aqueous leaf extracts from Amazonian Vismia and Piper species on human hepatocarcinoma cell toxicity. Results showed that, depending on the cell type, the plants displayed differential effects; thus, Vismia baccifera induced the selective killing of HepG2, while increasing cell growth of PLC-PRF and SK-HEP-1. In contrast, these two last cell lines were sensitive to the toxicity by Piper krukoffii and Piper putumayoense, while the Piperaceae did not affect HepG2 growth. All the extracts induced cytotoxicity to rat hepatoma McA-RH7777, but were innocuous (V. baccifera at concentrations < 75 µg/mL) or even protected cells from basal death (P. putumayoense) in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. In every case, cytotoxicity was accompanied by an intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results provide evidence for the anticancer activities of the studied plants on specific cell lines and suggest that cell killing could be mediated by ROS, thus involving mechanisms independent of the plants free radical scavenging activities. Results also support the use of these extracts of the Vismia and Piper genera with opposite effects as a model system to study the mechanisms of the antitumoral activity against different types of hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro J Lizcano
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Maite Siles
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Jenifer Trepiana
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - M Luisa Hernández
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Rosaura Navarro
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - M Begoña Ruiz-Larrea
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain.
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