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Baker-Fox C, Hayakawa J, McCarty R, Hart M, Schomberg J, Shamapant S, Bixby C. East Meets West: Effect of Acupuncture on Lactation and Maternal Quality of Life. Breastfeed Med 2024; 19:291-300. [PMID: 38535968 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of acupuncture as part of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment plan on lactation and maternal well-being in pump-dependent mothers of hospitalized neonates during the first 30 days after delivery. Study Design: This single-center study was conducted in a level IV regional neonatal intensive care unit with access to integrative health services. Sixty-six mothers were prospectively enrolled in two nonparallel groups: (1) Standard lactation support and (2) standard lactation support augmented with acupuncture. Daily pump volumes were documented. Participants completed a quality-of-life (QOL) survey at baseline and neonatal day of life 30. A linear model was constructed, adjusting for increased milk production over time. Results: Acupuncture was associated with increased milk production at all time points: Day 10 (p = 0.0002), day 14 (p < 0.0001), day 21 (p < 0.0001), and day 30 (p < 0.0001). Acupuncture was associated with an increase in three of five QOL components: psychological/child's health (p = 0.0006), family/friend relationship (p = 0.0006), and health/functioning (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Mothers receiving acupuncture reported enhanced milk supply and improved QOL. The limited sample size restricts the broad applicability of the results; nonetheless, this study paves the way for further research on the advantages of merging Eastern and Western treatments to enhance human lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Baker-Fox
- Clinical Nutrition & Lactation Services, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Hayakawa
- Nursing Research and Innovation, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
| | - Ruth McCarty
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
- Open Mind Modalities, Aliso Viejo, California, USA
| | - Michelle Hart
- Clinical Nutrition & Lactation Services, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
| | - John Schomberg
- Nursing Research and Innovation, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Smriti Shamapant
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
- Open Mind Modalities, Aliso Viejo, California, USA
| | - Christine Bixby
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), Orange, California, USA
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Heyming T, Knudsen-Robbins C, Schomberg J, Hayakawa J, Lara B, Bacon K, Valdez B, Wickens M, Shelton SK, Romain J, Wallace E, Taraman S, Loudon W, Pearson R. Evaluation of Quantitative Pupillometry in Acute Postinjury Pediatric Concussion. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 153:103-112. [PMID: 38367484 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although millions of children sustain concussions each year, a rapid and objective test for concussion has remained elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative pupillometry in pediatric patients in the acute, postinjury setting. METHODS This was a prospective case-control study of concussed patients presenting to the emergency department within 72 hours of injury. Pupillary measurements were gathered using NeurOptics' PLR 3000; evaluation included a symptom checklist and neurocognitive assessment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression models. RESULTS A total of 126 participants were enrolled. One significant difference in pupillometry between concussed and control participants was found: left minimum pupil diameter in 12- to 18 year-olds (P = 0.02). Models demonstrating odds of a concussion revealed significant associations for time to 75% recovery (T75) of the left pupil in five- to 11-year-olds and average dilation velocity of the left pupil in 12- to 18-year-olds (P = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). Models predicting symptom improvement showed one significant association: percent change of the right pupil in five-to-11-year-olds (P = 0.02). Models predicting neurocognitive improvement in 12- to 18-year-olds demonstrated significant association in T75 in the left pupil for visual memory, visual motor processing speed, and reaction time (P = 0.002, P = 0.04, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The limited statistically significant associations found in this study suggest that pupillometry may not be useful in pediatrics in the acute postinjury setting for either the diagnosis of concussion or to stratify risk for prolonged recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Heyming
- CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California.
| | - Chloe Knudsen-Robbins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | | | - Bryan Lara
- CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California
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Froh EB, Tarasenko L, Hayakawa J, Patton L, Sarik D, Hernandez T. National collaborative maximizes pediatric hospital-based nurse scientist impact and resources through strategic networking. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e273-e276. [PMID: 37833156 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes how a national collaborative of pediatric nurse scientists has leveraged the expertise of their membership and strategic networking to guide the development of the evolving hospital-based nurse scientist role and influence centers of nursing research. Members' narratives illustrate how their networking across the collaborative has resulted in increased clarity and understanding of the hospital-based nurse scientist role, consistency in job responsibilities and expectations, title changes that more accurately reflect the nature of the role, establishment or expansion of centers of nursing research, success in talent recruitment, diversification of center team members, reporting structure alterations, and dedicated nursing research funding mechanisms. These tangible outcomes enable pediatric nurse scientists to become more effective in their roles and transform the care of pediatric patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Froh
- Nurse Scientist, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Lindsey Tarasenko
- Nurse Scientist, Children's Hospital Colorado, USA; Assistant Professor, University of Colorado College of Nursing, USA.
| | - Jennifer Hayakawa
- Director of Nursing Research and Innovation, Children's Hospital Orange County, USA.
| | - Lindsey Patton
- Senior Director, Nursing Research & EBP, Children's Health System of Texas, USA; Adjunct Associate Professor, Texas Christian University, USA.
| | - Danielle Sarik
- Director of Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, USA; Nurse Scientist, ChristianaCare Health System, USA.
| | - Teri Hernandez
- Nurse Scientist, Children's Hospital Colorado, USA; Professor, University of Colorado Denver-Anchutz, USA.
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Nasr AS, McCarthy AM, Manworren RCB, Sorce LR, Ersig AL, Hinderer KA, Calamaro C, Gettis MA, Hanrahan K, Hayakawa J, Heitschmidt M, Middour-Oxler B, Staveski SL, Mandrell BN, LaFond CM, Hernandez TL. Variability in qualifications for principal investigator status in research studies by nurses: A call for clarification. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 68:18-23. [PMID: 36328915 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe existing guidance for qualifications of principal investigator s (PI s) of human subjects research and explore how they are operationalized for pediatric nurse scientists and clinical nurses in children's hospitals. DESIGN AND METHODS After reviewing federal regulations, accreditation guidelines, and the literature, a convenience sample of members of the National Pediatric Nurse Scientist Collaborative (NPNSC). Participants completed a 33-item survey that included questions about Institutional Review Board (IRB), guidelines, and policies for PI status at their affiliated children's hospitals. RESULTS The survey was electronically disseminated to 179 members of NPNSC through the Collaborative's listserv. Of the 39 members who responded, 90% hold a PhD and 80% practice in a free-standing children's hospital, nearly all of which (93%) are recognized as Magnet® hospitals. While the majority of respondents indicated that nurse scientists and other nurses were allowed to be PIs of research studies, educational requirements for PI status varied, with 3% requiring a PhD, 15% a baccalaureate degree, and 10% a graduate degree. 54% of respondents reported there was no degree requirement for PI status; however15% reported that even doctorally prepared nurse scientists cannot serve as PIs of research studies at their affiliated children''s hospitals. CONCLUSIONS The survey identified substantial variability in requirements for PI status and potential barriers to pediatric nurses conducting independent research as PIs at children's hospitals. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Operationalizing existing guidance will expand inclusion of nurse scientist expertise in human subjects research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette S Nasr
- Stanford Children's Hospital, 180 El Camino Suite 384 M/C 5950, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, Family Health Care Nursing, 2 Koret Way N411Y, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | | | - Renee C B Manworren
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 101, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Lauren R Sorce
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Box 85, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Anne L Ersig
- University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, 701 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | - Katherine A Hinderer
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 200 Academic Way, Farmington, CT 06106, USA.
| | - Christina Calamaro
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1575 Northeast Expressway, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Margaret A Gettis
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Scottish Rite Campus, 1001 Johnson Ferry Road, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA.
| | - Kirsten Hanrahan
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Jennifer Hayakawa
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, 1201 W. La Veta Ave, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | - Mary Heitschmidt
- Rush University College of Nursing, 600 South Paulina, AAC 1080, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Rush University System for Health, 1620 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Brandi Middour-Oxler
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1400 Tullie Road NE, Suite 7305, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Egleston Hospital, 1405 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Sandra L Staveski
- School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, Family Health Care Nursing, 2 Koret Way N411Y, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Benioff Children's Hospital, Family Health Care Nursing, Mission Bay, 1975 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Belinda N Mandrell
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Nursing Research, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38501, USA.
| | - Cynthia M LaFond
- Ascension, Nursing Center of Excellence 4600 Edmondson Road, St. Louis MO 63134, USA.
| | - Teri L Hernandez
- College of Nursing; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13120 E 19th Ave Mail Stop C288, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Hayakawa J, Barrows J, See S, Schomberg J. Effects of Classical Music Virtual Reality on Pediatric Healthcare Worker Compassion Fatigue. J Nurs Adm 2022; 52:280-285. [PMID: 35467593 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000001148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the impact of classical music virtual reality (VR) on burnout, secondary traumatic stress, anxiety, and capacity for developing caring relationships with patients among healthcare workers (HCWs). BACKGROUND COVID-19 accentuated the importance of promoting the well-being of frontline workers. Efforts to address the mental health needs of HCWs are likely to positively impact patient outcomes. METHODS Healthcare workers completed 3 sessions of VR. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare premeasure versus postmeasure on the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL), State Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Caring Ability Inventory. Analysis of variance was performed to identify associations between the intervention and differences in scores for each ProQOL domain. Bonferroni correction adjusted for multiple comparisons. Fisher's t test was used for categorical analysis. RESULTS Seventy-one HCWs completed the study. There was a significant reduction in burnout after the experience, compared with baseline. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that classical music VR may reduce burnout in HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hayakawa
- Author Affiliations: Nurse Scientist (Drs Hayakawa and Barrows), Nurse Manager of Neuroscience and Multispecialty (Ms See), and Principal Biostatistician of Nursing and Trauma Services (Dr Schomberg), Children's Hospital of Orange County, California
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Afrasiabi J, McCarty R, Hayakawa J, Barrows J, Lee K, Plouffe N, Schomberg J. Effects of Acupuncture and Acupressure on Burnout in Health Care Workers: A Randomized Trial. J Trauma Nurs 2021; 28:350-362. [PMID: 34766929 DOI: 10.1097/jtn.0000000000000614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care workers face occupational stressors that may lead to burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Strategies to mitigate the negative psychological impact on frontline workers are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of auricular acupuncture or acupressure, as compared with ear massage, on anxiety, burnout, and caring capacity in health care workers. Results were stratified on the basis of subject's level of belief in traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS This prospective randomized trial with an open, parallel-group design was conducted at a 334-bed Level II pediatric trauma center. Participants were randomized to one of three groups: (1) auricular acupuncture, (2) auricular seed acupressure, or (3) auricular massage. Interventions were delivered over 3 weeks. Self-reported State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL), and Caring Ability Inventory (CAI) scores were analyzed using a pre-/posttest design. Univariate analysis, Fisher's exact test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to assess group differences. RESULTS A total of 117 (36%) of 325 eligible participants consented to participate in the study. Seed acupressure treatment (n = 14, 35.9%, one male, 13 females) was associated with a reduction in burnout (ANOVA, p = .04) and secondary traumatic stress (p = .03). This effect remained significant after adjusting for individual pretest scores (ANOVA, p = .05). The studied interventions did not have a significant effect on STAI, ProQOL, or CAI scores. CONCLUSIONS Auricular acupressure is a safe, effective, and practical strategy to reduce burnout and secondary traumatic stress and may support health care workers' ability to develop caring relationships with patients and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Afrasiabi
- Emergency Department, UCI Medical Center, Orange, California (Ms Afrasiabi); Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine (Dr McCarty), Nursing Research and Innovation (Drs Hayakawa and Barrows), Emergency Department (Dr Lee and Ms Plouffe), and Nursing Research and Innovation and Trauma Services (Dr Schomberg), Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California; and Open Mind Modalities Inc, Orange, California (Dr McCarty)
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7
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Hayakawa J, Takakura H, Mizukawa Y, Shiohara T. COVID-19-related cutaneous manifestations associated with multiple drug sensitization as shown by lymphocyte transformation test. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e779-e781. [PMID: 32810920 PMCID: PMC7461526 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Division of Dermatology, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Takakura
- Division of Respiratory medicine, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Mizukawa
- Division of Dermatology, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Shiohara
- Division of Dermatology, Kosei Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Bergeron S, Noskoff K, Hayakawa J, Frediani J. Empowering Adolescents and Young Adults to Support, Lead, and Thrive: Development and Validation of an AYA Oncology Child Life Program. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 47:1-6. [PMID: 30978589 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The majority of cancer treatment programs do not focus on the unique psychosocial support needs of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients. Recognizing this disparity, a freestanding children's hospital utilized an interdisciplinary approach to bridge the gap and develop a comprehensive program to address issues specific to new diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship in AYA oncology patients. METHODS AND INTERVENTIONS A pediatric hospital formed a multidisciplinary team to educate, engage, and empower AYAs to participate in the development of a comprehensive program. RESULTS The program enables peer-supported social networking and empowers patients to invest in their treatment and survivorship. The number of newly diagnosed adolescent patients accessing our program has increased 40% since the program began in 2015; attendees at AYA events increased from 99 in 2015 to 1312 in 2018, as has the number of AYA events per year. Following program implementation, our NRC Picker score of 89.3% ranks above the 90th percentile of all children's hospitals (benchmark 81.2%) on questions related to "involving teens in their care". CONCLUSIONS AYA Programs can provide age-specific spaces, empowerment events, and specific education curriculum that meet the unique needs of adolescents and young adults and may positively impact patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Bergeron
- Hyundai Cancer Institute, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States of America
| | - Kara Noskoff
- The Cherese Mari Laulhere Child Life Department, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States of America.
| | | | - Jamie Frediani
- Hyundai Cancer Institute, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, United States of America
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Lebet R, Hayakawa J, Chamblee TB, Tala JA, Singh N, Wypij D, Curley MAQ. Maintaining Interrater Agreement of Core Assessment Instruments in a Multisite Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial: The Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure (RESTORE) Trial. Nurs Res 2017; 66:323-329. [PMID: 28654569 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RESTORE (Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure) was a cluster randomized clinical trial evaluating a sedation strategy in children 2 weeks to <18 years of age with acute respiratory failure supported on mechanical ventilation. A total of 31 U.S. pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) participated in the trial. Staff nurse rater agreement on measures used to assess a critical component of treatment fidelity was essential throughout the 4-year data collection period. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to describe the method of establishing and maintaining interrater agreement (IRA) of two core clinical assessment instruments over the course of the clinical trial. METHODS IRA cycles were carried out at all control and intervention sites and included a minimum of five measurements of the State Behavioral Scale (SBS) and Withdrawal Assessment Tool-Version 1 (WAT-1). Glasgow Coma Scale scores were also obtained. PICUs demonstrating <80% agreement repeated their IRA cycle. Fleiss's kappa coefficient was used to assess IRA. RESULTS Repeated IRA cycles were required for 8% of 226 SBS cycles and 2% of 222 WAT-1 cycles. Fleiss's kappa coefficients from more than 1,350 paired assessments were .86 for SBS and .92 for WAT-1, demonstrating strong agreement and similar to .91 for the Glasgow Coma Scale. There was no difference in Fleiss's kappa for any of the instruments based on unit size or timing of assessment (earlier or later in the study). For SBS scores, Fleiss's kappa was significantly different in larger and smaller PICUs (.82 vs. .92, p = .003); however, Fleiss's kappa for both groups indicated excellent agreement. CONCLUSION Monitoring measurement reliability is an essential step in ensuring treatment fidelity and, thus, the validity of study results. Standardization on the use of these core assessment instruments among participating sites was achieved and maintained throughout the trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lebet
- Ruth Lebet, MSN, CCNS-P, is Lecturer, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Jennifer Hayakawa, DNP, PCNS-BC, CNRN, CCRN, is Clinical Nurse Specialist, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California, and Clinical Faculty, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California. Tracy B. Chamblee, PhD, APRN, PCNS-BC, is Clinical Nurse Specialist, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Texas. Joana A. Tala, MD, is Research Coordinator, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Yale New Haven Hospital/Yale University, Connecticut. Nakul Singh, ScM, is Biostatistician, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Massachusetts. David Wypij, PhD, is Senior Biostatistician, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital; Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School; and Senior Lecturer, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Martha A. Q. Curley, RN, PhD, FAAN, is Ellen and Robert Kapito Professor in Nursing Science, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and Nurse Scientist, Boston Children's Hospital, Massachusetts
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Terasako-Saito K, Nakasone H, Tanaka Y, Yamazaki R, Sato M, Sakamoto K, Ishihara Y, Kawamura K, Akahoshi Y, Hayakawa J, Wada H, Harada N, Nakano H, Kameda K, Ugai T, Yamasaki R, Ashizawa M, Kimura SI, Kikuchi M, Tanihara A, Kanda J, Kako S, Nishida J, Kanda Y. Persistence of recipient-derived as well as donor-derived clones of cytomegalovirus pp65-specific cytotoxic T cells long after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2014; 16:930-40. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Terasako-Saito
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - H. Nakasone
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Y. Tanaka
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - R. Yamazaki
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - M. Sato
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - K. Sakamoto
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Y. Ishihara
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - K. Kawamura
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Y. Akahoshi
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - J. Hayakawa
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - H. Wada
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - N. Harada
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - H. Nakano
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - K. Kameda
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - T. Ugai
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - R. Yamasaki
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - M. Ashizawa
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - S.-I. Kimura
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - M. Kikuchi
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - A. Tanihara
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - J. Kanda
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - S. Kako
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - J. Nishida
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
| | - Y. Kanda
- Division of Hematology; Saitama Medical Center; Jichi Medical University; Saitama Japan
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Noda-Seino H, Sawada K, Hayakawa J, Ohyagi-Hara C, Mabuchi S, Takahashi K, Nishio Y, Sakata M, Kurachi H, Kimura T. Estradiol and raloxifene induce the proliferation of osteoblasts through G-protein-coupled receptor GPR30. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:21-7. [PMID: 22453024 DOI: 10.3275/8301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR30, has been considered as a G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor, conflicting results have been reported and the function of GPR30 in bone remains unresolved. The aim of this study was to clarify the functional role of GPR30 in osteoblasts using its derived cell line. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical study revealed that GPR30 is expressed in human osteoblasts. Human fetal osteoblast cell lines, hFOB cells, which express GPR30 but lack estrogen receptor, were used for the in vitro experiments. Estradiol or raloxifene induced the proliferation of hFOB cells, which was accompanied by the activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Those proliferative effects were completely abrogated by the transfection of GPR30 small interfering RNA, while the transfection alone did not affect the cell viability. CONCLUSION GPR30 is required for the proliferation of hFOB cells induced by estradiol or raloxifene. This proliferative effect was at least partly mediated via MAP kinase activation. These findings revealed a novel function of GPR30 in osteoblasts and might lead to a better understanding of how estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators show their osteoprotective effects.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Estrogens/pharmacology
- Fetus/cytology
- Fetus/drug effects
- Fetus/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Osteoblasts/cytology
- Osteoblasts/drug effects
- Osteoblasts/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Raloxifene Hydrochloride/pharmacology
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- H Noda-Seino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Martí X, Park BG, Wunderlich J, Reichlová H, Kurosaki Y, Yamada M, Yamamoto H, Nishide A, Hayakawa J, Takahashi H, Jungwirth T. Electrical measurement of antiferromagnetic moments in exchange-coupled IrMn/NiFe stacks. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:017201. [PMID: 22304281 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.017201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We employ antiferromagnetic tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance to study the behavior of antiferromagnetically ordered moments in IrMn exchange coupled to NiFe. Experiments performed by common laboratory tools for magnetization and electrical transport measurements allow us to directly link the broadening of the NiFe hysteresis loop and its shift (exchange bias) to the rotation and pinning of antiferromagnetic moments in IrMn. At higher temperatures, the broadened loops show zero shift, which correlates with the observation of fully rotating antiferromagnetic moments inside the IrMn film. The onset of exchange bias at lower temperatures is linked to a partial rotation between distinct metastable states and pinning of the IrMn antiferromagnetic moments in these states. The observation complements common pictures of exchange bias and reveals an electrically measurable memory effect in an antiferromagnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Martí
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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13
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Uchida N, Hsieh MM, Hayakawa J, Madison C, Washington KN, Tisdale JF. Optimal conditions for lentiviral transduction of engrafting human CD34+ cells. Gene Ther 2011; 18:1078-86. [PMID: 21544097 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are required for γ-retroviral transduction of human CD34+ cells. However, cytokines may reduce engraftment of CD34+ cells and may not be necessary for their lentiviral transduction. We sought to optimize transduction and engraftment of human CD34+ cells using lentiviral vectors. Single 24 h transduction of human CD34+ cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1)-based lentiviral vectors in media containing stem cell factor (SCF), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) ligand, thrombopoietin (each 100 ng ml⁻¹) and 10% fetal bovine serum was compared with various cytokine conditions during ex vivo culture and assayed using humanized xenograft mice for 6 months after transplantation. Serum-free media improved transduction efficiency of human CD34+ cells. Interleukin-3 (20 ng ml⁻¹) had little effect on transduction efficiency or engraftment. Threefold higher cytokine mixture (each 300 ng ml⁻¹) reduced engraftment of CD34+ cells. SCF alone (100 ng ml⁻¹) proved insufficient for maintaining engraftment ability and reduced transduction efficiency. Short-term prestimulation had little effect on transduction efficiency or engraftment, yet 24 h prestimulation showed higher transduction efficiency, higher gene expression levels and lower engraftment. In summary, 24 h prestimulation followed by single 24-h lentiviral transduction in serum-free media with SCF, FLT3 ligand and thrombopoietin yields high transduction efficiency to engrafting human CD34+ cells, and is applicable in human clinical gene therapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Uchida
- Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-NHLBI/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases-NIDDK, National Institutes of Health-NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Park BG, Wunderlich J, Martí X, Holý V, Kurosaki Y, Yamada M, Yamamoto H, Nishide A, Hayakawa J, Takahashi H, Shick AB, Jungwirth T. A spin-valve-like magnetoresistance of an antiferromagnet-based tunnel junction. Nat Mater 2011; 10:347-351. [PMID: 21399629 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A spin valve is a microelectronic device in which high- and low-resistance states are realized by using both the charge and spin of carriers. Spin-valve structures used in modern hard-drive read heads and magnetic random access memoriescomprise two ferromagnetic electrodes whose relative magnetization orientations can be switched between parallel and antiparallel configurations, yielding the desired giant or tunnelling magnetoresistance effect. Here we demonstrate more than 100% spin-valve-like signal in a NiFe/IrMn/MgO/Pt stack with an antiferromagnet on one side and a non-magnetic metal on the other side of the tunnel barrier. Ferromagneticmoments in NiFe are reversed by external fields of approximately 50 mT or less, and the exchange-spring effect of NiFe on IrMn induces rotation of antiferromagnetic moments in IrMn, which is detected by the measured tunnelling anisotropic magnetoresistance. Our work demonstrates a spintronic element whose transport characteristics are governed by an antiferromagnet. It demonstrates that sensitivity to low magnetic fields can be combined with large, spin-orbit-coupling-induced magnetotransport anisotropy using a single magnetic electrode. The antiferromagnetic tunnelling anisotropic magnetoresistance provides a means to study magnetic characteristics of antiferromagnetic films by an electronic-transport measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Park
- Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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15
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Fukumi K, Chayahara A, Adachi M, Kadono K, Sakaguchi T, Miya M, Horino Y, Kitamura N, Hayakawa J, Yamashita H, Fujii K, Satou M. Formation of Au Colloid Particles in Silica Glass by Ion Implantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-235-389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTFormation of Au colloid particles and their optical property have been investigated in silica glasses implanted with Au+ ions at an acceleration energy of 1.5MeV and fluence levels of 1016-1017 ions/cm2. The Au colloid particles are formed in the as-implanted glasses. It is inferred that the average radius of Au colloid particles depends on the fluence level, although the fluence level does not affect the distribution of Au atomic concentration. The heat-treatment little affects the Au atomic distribution. The Au colloid particles grow to 4.3nm in average radius during heat treatment. It is revealed that the large nonlinear optical property of the Au+ -ion-implanted silica glass is attributed to the high concentration of the Au colloid particles in the narrow region.
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Abstract
AbstractAg+ ions were implanted in silica glass at an acceleration energy of 1.5MeV. It is found that Ag atoms are present in both the metallic and ionic states. Ag atoms in the metallic state increase when the Ag atom concentration increases. It is shown that the structure of damaged glass recovers monotonically from the surface to the inside of the glass. The state of the Ag atoms does not depend on the glass structure damaged by ion implantation.
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17
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Ikeda S, Miura K, Yamamoto H, Mizunuma K, Gan HD, Endo M, Kanai S, Hayakawa J, Matsukura F, Ohno H. A perpendicular-anisotropy CoFeB-MgO magnetic tunnel junction. Nat Mater 2010; 9:721-4. [PMID: 20622862 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with ferromagnetic electrodes possessing a perpendicular magnetic easy axis are of great interest as they have a potential for realizing next-generation high-density non-volatile memory and logic chips with high thermal stability and low critical current for current-induced magnetization switching. To attain perpendicular anisotropy, a number of material systems have been explored as electrodes, which include rare-earth/transition-metal alloys, L1(0)-ordered (Co, Fe)-Pt alloys and Co/(Pd, Pt) multilayers. However, none of them so far satisfy high thermal stability at reduced dimension, low-current current-induced magnetization switching and high tunnel magnetoresistance ratio all at the same time. Here, we use interfacial perpendicular anisotropy between the ferromagnetic electrodes and the tunnel barrier of the MTJ by employing the material combination of CoFeB-MgO, a system widely adopted to produce a giant tunnel magnetoresistance ratio in MTJs with in-plane anisotropy. This approach requires no material other than those used in conventional in-plane-anisotropy MTJs. The perpendicular MTJs consisting of Ta/CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB/Ta show a high tunnel magnetoresistance ratio, over 120%, high thermal stability at dimension as low as 40 nm diameter and a low switching current of 49 microA.
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18
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Devolder T, Hayakawa J, Ito K, Takahashi H, Ikeda S, Crozat P, Zerounian N, Kim JV, Chappert C, Ohno H. Single-shot time-resolved measurements of nanosecond-scale spin-transfer induced switching: stochastic versus deterministic aspects. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:057206. [PMID: 18352422 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.057206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Revised: 10/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Using high bandwidth resistance measurements, we study the single-shot response of tunnel junctions subjected to spin torque pulses. After the pulse onset, the switching proceeds by a ns-scale incubation delay during which the resistance is quiet, followed by a 400 ps transition terminated by a large ringing that is damped progressively. While the incubation delay fluctuates significantly, the resistance traces are reproducible once this delay is passed. After switching, the time-resolved resistance traces indicate micromagnetic configurations that are rather spatially coherent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Devolder
- Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale, CNRS UMR 8622, Bât. 220, université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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19
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Ikai Y, Oka H, Hayakawa J, Kawamura N, Harada K, Suzuki M, Nakazawa H, Ito Y. Isolation of Colistin A and B Using High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079808001943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ikai
- a Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health , Tsuji-machi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462, Japan
| | - H. Oka
- a Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health , Tsuji-machi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462, Japan
| | - J. Hayakawa
- a Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health , Tsuji-machi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462, Japan
| | - N. Kawamura
- a Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health , Tsuji-machi, Kita-ku, Nagoya, 462, Japan
| | - K. Harada
- b Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Tempaku , Nagoya, 468, Japan
| | - M. Suzuki
- b Faculty of Pharmacy Meijo University Tempaku , Nagoya, 468, Japan
| | - H. Nakazawa
- c Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Hoshi Unversity , Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142, Japan
| | - Y. Ito
- d Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry , National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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20
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Hayakawa J, Usuda Y, Numata K. Evaluation of ejectors using the venturi effect for a continuous positive airway pressure system without compressed air. J Anesth 2005; 3:166-71. [PMID: 15236033 DOI: 10.1007/s0054090030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/1988] [Accepted: 03/22/1989] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to perform a test in the application of the existing ejectors with the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) system without compressed air. Four types of ejector (jet mixer, the former and new puritan nebulizer and the deluxe nebulizer) for blending oxygen and room air by the Venturi effect were tested. A decrease of mixed gas flow and an increase of oxygen concentration were observed according to the increase of positive pressure in all systems. The former puritan nebulizer and deluxe nebulizer were found to be unavailable for the CPAP system for high oxygen concentration and low mixed gas flow for the increase of positive pressure. In the system, however, with the new puritan nebulizer and jet mixer, a sufficient mixed gas flow and an appropriate oxygen concentration could be supplied at an adequate positive pressure. The CPAP system using only oxygen was judged as possibly giving availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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21
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Ebihara Y, Manabe A, Tanaka R, Yoshimasu T, Ishikawa K, Iseki T, Hayakawa J, Maeda M, Asano S, Tsuji K. Successful treatment of natural killer (NK) cell leukemia following a long-standing chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 31:1169-71. [PMID: 12796798 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The optimal treatment for natural killer (NK) cell leukemia after chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection has not been determined. A 15-year-old boy presented with NK cell leukemia following CAEBV infection for 5 years. The peripheral blood and BM had an increased number of CD3(-)CD56(+) large granular lymphocytes and a monoclonal integration of the EBV genome was detected. Chemotherapy was not sufficiently effective to control the disease. Allogeneic BMT from an HLA-identical sister was performed using a conditioning regimen consisting of total body irradiation, cyclophosphamide and thiotepa. The patient is disease-free with a perfect performance status 24 months after BMT. This is the first report to show that allogeneic BMT is potentially able to cure NK cell leukemia after CAEBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ebihara
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Morishige K, Matsumoto K, Ohmichi M, Nishio Y, Adachi K, Hayakawa J, Nukui K, Tasaka K, Kurachi H, Murata Y. Clinical features affecting the results of estrogen replacement therapy on bone density in Japanese postmenopausal women. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2002; 52:223-6. [PMID: 11729333 DOI: 10.1159/000052979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has been established as an effective treatment for postmenopausal bone loss, the clinical features which predict the effects of ERT have not been well investigated in Japanese postmenopausal women. We analyzed the role of physical factors influencing the effect of ERT on vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in 94 Japanese postmenopausal women treated for 2 years or longer. The increase in BMD with ERT is 17.6 +/- 27.6 mg/cm(2)/year (mean +/- SD) during the first 2 years. Rates of BMD change were negatively correlated with the estimated initial BMD, and positively correlated with age and years since menopause, while no correlation was noted with the body mass index by a simple correlation analysis. The relationships between BMD change and estimated initial BMD or age also held in a multiple regression analysis. The estimated initial BMD and age together accounted for 34.4% of the BMD change during ERT. Furthermore, there were very few (2.4%) nonresponders with a negative linear regression slope of BMD in the osteoporosis and osteopenia group, although 32.7% of the normal initial BMD group were nonresponders. These results suggest that the initial BMD and age are potent predictive factors of the ERT effect on BMD change in Japanese postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Morishige
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Sugiyama M, Hayakawa J, Itou K, Asano H, Matsui M. Bias Voltage Dependence of the Inverse TMR Effect in Co90Fe10/SrTiO3/La0.7Sr03MnO3 Tunnel Junctions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.26.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hisamoto K, Ohmichi M, Kanda Y, Adachi K, Nishio Y, Hayakawa J, Mabuchi S, Takahashi K, Tasaka K, Miyamoto Y, Taniguchi N, Murata Y. Induction of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation by the raloxifene analog LY117018 is differentially mediated by Akt and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in vascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:47642-9. [PMID: 11595733 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103853200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Raloxifene is a tissue-selective estrogen receptor modulator. The effect of estrogen on cardiovascular disease is mainly dependent on direct actions on the vascular wall involving activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) via Akt and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) cascades. Although raloxifene is also known to activate eNOS in the vascular endothelium, the molecular mechanism responsible for this effect remains to be elucidated. In studies of both human umbilical vein endothelial cells and simian virus 40-transformed rat lung vascular endothelial cells (TRLECs), the raloxifene analog LY117018 caused acute phosphorylation of eNOS that was unaffected by actinomycin D and was blocked by the pure estrogen receptor antagonist ICI182,780. Activation of Akt by raloxifene reached a plateau at 15-30 min and declined thereafter, a similar time frame to that of Akt activation by 17beta-estradiol. On the other hand, both activation and phosphorylation of ERK by raloxifene showed a biphasic pattern (peaks at 5 min and 1 h), whereas ERK activation and phosphorylation by 17beta-estradiol reached a plateau at 5 min and declined thereafter. A MEK inhibitor, PD98059, had no effect on the raloxifene-induced Akt activity, suggesting an absence of cross-talk between the ERK and Akt cascades. Either exogenous expression of a dominant-negative Akt or pretreatment of TRLECs with PD98059 decreased the raloxifene-induced eNOS phosphorylation. Moreover, raloxifene stimulated the activation of Akt, ERK, and eNOS in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing estrogen receptor alpha but not Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing estrogen receptor beta. Our findings suggest that raloxifene-induced eNOS phosphorylation is mediated by estrogen receptor alpha via a nongenomic mechanism and is differentially mediated by Akt- and ERK-dependent cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hisamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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25
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Chiba T, Hayakawa J, Ueda T, Migita M, Maeda M, Imai T, Takase M, Hida M, Fukunaga Y. Usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage for the diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia in a patient with Kostmann syndrome, a severe congenital neutropenia. J NIPPON MED SCH 2001; 68:340-3. [PMID: 11505282 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.68.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An 11-year-old girl with Kostmann syndrome developed refractory pneumonia. Culture of oral discharge, throat-swab specimens, and blood could not identity the causative organism, and systemic antimicrobial therapy failed to achieve improvement. We then performed diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and culture of BAL fluid (BALF) yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Therapeutic BAL using gentamicin produced a striking improvement of her pneumonia. CONCLUSION In immunocompromised children with pneumonia, BAL helps to identify the causative organism. If the patient is unresponsive to systemic antimicrobial therapy, BAL using antimicrobial agents is also worth trying.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chiba
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
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Ohmichi M, Ikegami H, Kurachi H, Node K, Morishige K, Nishio Y, Adachi K, Matumoto K, Hayakawa J, Tasaka K, Azuma C, Murata Y. Effects of bezafibrate and simvastatin on plasma lipoproteins in hypercholesterolemia resistant to hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas 2001; 38:279-86. [PMID: 11358645 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(00)00223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estrogen replacement therapy has favorable effects on serum lipoprotein levels in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia. However, there are some patients who fail to respond to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to lower the serum cholesterol level. In these cases, a conventional lipid-lowering therapy will be applied in addition to HRT, while the effects of these drugs are not well understood. In this study, we studied the effects of simvastatin and bezafibrate administered in addition to HRT. METHODS Patients who were hypercholesterolemic even after HRT were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: HRT only (control group, n=10), HRT+simvastatin (10 mg/day, n=10), or HRT+bezafibrate (400 mg/day, n=10). Serum lipids and lipoprotein levels were measured throughout 12 weeks. RESULTS The serum triglyceride levels were decreased by 24+/-28 and 38+/-13% in the HRT+simvastatin and HRT+bezafibrate groups, respectively. HRT+simvastatin decreased the total cholesterol (21+/-10%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (28+/-12%) levels without affecting the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, while HRT+bezafibrate increased the HDL-C level (12+/-11%). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with simvastatin or bezafibrate in addition to HRT should be considered in cases of postmenopausal hypercholesterolemia in which HRT alone fails to lower the serum lipoprotein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohmichi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Hayakawa J, Motohashi H, Sairenji M, Kobayashi O, Takahashi M, Usuda Y. The effects of intraoperative glucose infusion on portal blood insulin concentration and hepatic mitochondrial redox state during surgery: comparison of short-term and continuous infusions. Surg Today 2001; 30:228-34. [PMID: 10752774 DOI: 10.1007/s005950050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between the blood glucose level, portal blood immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration, ketogenesis, and hepatic mitochondrial redox state associated with intraoperative glucose administration were evaluated in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. A total of 26 patients were randomly allocated to two groups according to the type of infusion given; group 1 was given a short-term glucose infusion of 25 g in 30 min and group 2 was given a continuous glucose infusion of 10 g/h. The blood glucose concentration peaked 30 min after the glucose infusion was commenced, then decreased in group 1, despite a continuous rise in group 2. A temporary but significantly higher blood glucose level was observed in group 1 than in group 2, 30 and 60 min after the infusion was commenced. The portal blood IRI concentrations and arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) continued to increase and the blood ketone body concentrations continued to decline after the start of the glucose infusion in both groups; however, after 60 and 120 min, the portal blood IRI and AKBR levels were significantly higher, and the blood ketone body levels significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. These findings suggest that intraoperative glucose administration is beneficial for insulin secretion, ketogenesis, and the hepatic mitochondrial redox state, and that short-term infusion is superior to continuous infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Hisamoto K, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Hayakawa J, Kanda Y, Nishio Y, Adachi K, Tasaka K, Miyoshi E, Fujiwara N, Taniguchi N, Murata Y. Estrogen induces the Akt-dependent activation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase in vascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:3459-67. [PMID: 11044445 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005036200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although estrogen is known to activate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the vascular endothelium, the molecular mechanism responsible for this effect remains to be elucidated. In studies of both human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and simian virus 40-transformed rat lung vascular endothelial cells (TRLECs), 17beta-estradiol (E2), but not 17alpha-E2, caused acute activation of eNOS that was unaffected by actinomycin D and was specifically blocked by the pure estrogen receptor antagonist ICI-182,780. Treatment of both TRLECs and HUVECs with 17beta-E2 stimulated the activation of Akt, and the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin blocked the 17beta-E2-induced activation of Akt. 17beta-E2-induced Akt activation was also inhibited by ICI-182,780, but not by actinomycin D. Either treatment with wortmannin or exogenous expression of a dominant negative Akt in TRLECs decreased the 17beta-E2-induced eNOS activation. Moreover, 17beta-E2-induced Akt activation actually enhances the phosphorylation of eNOS. 17beta-E2-induced Akt activation was dependent on both extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+). We further examined the 17beta-E2-induced Akt activity in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transiently transfected with cDNAs for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) or estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta). 17beta-E2 stimulated the activation of Akt in CHO cells expressing ERalpha but not in CHO cells expressing ERbeta. Our findings suggest that 17beta-E2 induced eNOS activation through an Akt-dependent mechanism, which is mediated by ERalpha via a nongenomic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hisamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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29
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Sugiyama M, Hayakawa J, Itou K, Asano H, Matsui M, Sakuma A, Ichimura M. Tunneling Magnetoresistance Effect and Transport Properties of Tunnel Junctions Using Half-metal Ferromagnet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.25.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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30
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Hayakawa J, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Kanda Y, Hisamoto K, Nishio Y, Adachi K, Tasaka K, Kanzaki T, Murata Y. Inhibition of BAD phosphorylation either at serine 112 via extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase cascade or at serine 136 via Akt cascade sensitizes human ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin. Cancer Res 2000; 60:5988-94. [PMID: 11085518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We studied the roles of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K)-protein kinase B/Akt-BAD cascade in both cisplatin-resistant Caov-3 and -sensitive A2780 human ovarian cancer cell lines. Treatment of both Caov-3 and A2780 cells with cisplatin but not with the trans-diaminodichloroplatinum (transplatin) isomer stimulated the activation of Akt, and the PI-3K inhibitor wortmannin blocked the cisplatin-induced activation of Akt. Treatment of both Caov-3 and A2780 cells with cisplatin but not with the trans-diaminodichloroplatinum isomer also stimulated the phosphorylation of BAD at both the Ser-112 and Ser-136 sites. Whereas the phosphorylation of BAD at Ser-136 was blocked by treatment with wortmannin, its phosphorylation at Ser-112 was blocked by a MAP/ERK kinase inhibitor, PD98059. Exogenous expression of a dominant-negative Akt in both Caov-3 and A2780 cells decreased the cell viability after treatment with cisplatin. In contrast, no sensitization to cisplatin was observed in cells expressing wild-type Akt. We further examined the role of BAD in the viability after cisplatin treatment using BAD mutants. Exogenous expression of each of the singly substituted BADS112A or BADS136A in both Caov-3 and A2780 cells decreased the viability after treatment with cisplatin to a degree intermediate between that caused by exogenous expression of wild-type BAD and doubly substituted BAD2SA. Cisplatin did not stimulate the phosphorylation of BAD Ser-136, but did stimulate the phosphorylation of BAD Ser-112 in cells expressing a dominant-negative Akt, suggesting that BAD Ser-136 but not Ser-112 was phosphorylated by Akt. Our findings suggest that cisplatin-induced DNA damage causes the phosphorylation of both BAD Ser-112 via an extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) cascade and BAD Ser-136 via a PI-3K-protein kinase B/Akt cascade and that inhibition of either of these cascades sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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31
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Wang Z, Kyo S, Takakura M, Tanaka M, Yatabe N, Maida Y, Fujiwara M, Hayakawa J, Ohmichi M, Koike K, Inoue M. Progesterone regulates human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Cancer Res 2000; 60:5376-81. [PMID: 11034074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that sex steroid hormones regulate telomerase in target tissues. We have reported that estrogen activates telomerase through transactivation of the telomerase catalytic subunit, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Progesterone usually antagonizes estrogen action in reproductive organs, but the effect on telomerase remains unclear. In this study, we examine the effects of progesterone on the gene expression of hTERT in breast and endometrial cancer cell lines expressing progesterone receptor. Progesterone significantly induced hTERT mRNA expression within 3 h after exposure. This transient effect peaked at 12 h and then decreased. In contrast, exposure to progesterone for > 48 h antagonized estrogen effects and inhibited the estrogen-induced activation of hTERT expression; the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf1/Cip1 plays an integral role in this inhibition. Thus, progesterone exerts diverse effects on hTERT mRNA expression in a time-dependent manner. We also found that the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway mediates both the short-term and long-term effects of progesterone on hTERT gene expression. These findings support the notion that hTERT gene is a target of both estrogen and progesterone.
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MESH Headings
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Drug Interactions
- Endometrial Neoplasms/enzymology
- Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Humans
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
- Medroxyprogesterone/pharmacology
- Progesterone/physiology
- Progesterone Congeners/pharmacology
- RNA
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Progesterone/physiology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Telomerase/biosynthesis
- Telomerase/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University, School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan
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32
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Taguchi R, Hayakawa J, Takeuchi Y, Ishida M. Two-dimensional analysis of phospholipids by capillary liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2000; 35:953-966. [PMID: 10972995 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9888(200008)35:8<953::aid-jms23>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A phospholipid mixture extracted from cultured cells was directly analyzed by capillary (Cap) liquid chromatography (LC)/electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS). Using a quadrupole mass spectrometer, we analyzed positive molecular ions, negative molecular ions, positive fragment ions and negative fragment ions under four different functions. In the analysis of the elution patterns of the phospholipids, a two-dimensional map, in which the first dimension is elution time and the second dimension is mass, proved useful. Consequently, four different maps can be obtained by each of four different functions. Among them, from negative fragment ions at high cone voltage in the negative ion mode, ions that originated from acyl fatty acid and phosphorylcholine, phosphorylethanolamine and cyclic inositol phosphate can be detected at specific elution times. The map from positive fragment ions at high cone voltage in the positive ion mode indicated ions such as diradylglycerol and derivatives of 1-alkyl or 1-alkenyl cyclic phosphatidic acid from phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphorylcholine from choline-containing phospholipids. The map produced from positive molecular ions indicated choline-containing phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine and PE. The map of negative molecular ions effectively indicated acidic phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol. We were able to obtain more than 500 molecular species of phospholipids by this method within a few hours immediately after extraction from culture cells using a mixture of chloroform and methanol (2:1). In this context, we concluded that the combination of Cap-LC and ESIMS seems to be very effective in the analysis of phospholipid classes and their molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Taguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi 467, Japan
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33
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Yokoi T, Ohmichi M, Tasaka K, Kimura A, Kanda Y, Hayakawa J, Tahara M, Hisamoto K, Kurachi H, Murata Y. Activation of the luteinizing hormone beta promoter by gonadotropin-releasing hormone requires c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:21639-47. [PMID: 10787426 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m910252199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the gonadotrope cell line LbetaT2 was investigated. Treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK). Activation of ERK by GnRHa occurred within 5 min, and declined thereafter, whereas activation of JNK by GnRHa occurred with a different time frame, i.e. it was detectable at 5 min, reached a plateau at 30 min, and declined thereafter. GnRHa-induced ERK activation was dependent on protein kinase C or extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+), whereas GnRHa-induced JNK activation was not dependent on protein kinase C or on extracellular or intracellular Ca(2+). To determine whether a mitogen-activated protein kinase family cascade regulates rat luteinizing hormone beta (LHbeta) promoter activity, we transfected the rat LHbeta (-156 to +7)-luciferase construct into LbetaT2 cells. GnRH activated the rat LHbeta promoter activity in a time-dependent manner. Neither treatment with a mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, PD98059, nor cotransfection with a catalytically inactive form of a mitogen-activated protein kinase construct inhibited the induction of the rat LHbeta promoter by GnRH. Furthermore, cotransfection with a dominant negative Ets had no effect on the response of the rat LHbeta promoter to GnRH. On the other hand, cotransfection with either dominant negative JNK or dominant negative c-Jun significantly inhibited the induction of the rat LHbeta promoter by GnRH. In addition, GnRH did not induce either the rat LHbeta promoter activity in LbetaT2 cells transfected stably with dominant negative c-Jun. These results suggest that GnRHa differentially activates ERK and JNK, and a JNK cascade is necessary to elicit the rat LHbeta promoter activity in a c-Jun-dependent mechanism in LbetaT2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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34
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Kimura A, Ohmichi M, Tasaka K, Kanda Y, Ikegami H, Hayakawa J, Hisamoto K, Morishige K, Hinuma S, Kurachi H, Murata Y. Prolactin-releasing peptide activation of the prolactin promoter is differentially mediated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:3667-74. [PMID: 10652364 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.5.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family by prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) in both GH3 rat pituitary tumor cells and primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells was investigated. PrRP rapidly and transiently activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in both types of cells. Both pertussis toxin, which inactivates G(i)/G(o) proteins, and exogenous expression of a peptide derived from the carboxyl terminus of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase I, which specifically blocks signaling mediated by the betagamma subunits of G proteins, completely blocked the PrRP-induced ERK activation, suggesting the involvement of G(i)/G(o) proteins in the PrRP-induced ERK activation. Down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C did not significantly inhibit the PrRP-induced ERK activation, suggesting that a protein kinase C-independent pathway is mainly involved. PrRP-induced ERK activation was not dependent on either extracellular Ca(2+) or intracellular Ca(2+). However, the ERK cascade was not the only route by which PrRP communicated with the nucleus. JNK was also shown to be significantly activated in response to PrRP. JNK activation in response to PrRP was slower than ERK activation. Moreover, to determine whether a MAPK family cascade regulates rat prolactin (rPRL) promoter activity, we transfected the intact rPRL promoter ligated to the firefly luciferase reporter gene into GH3 cells. PrRP activated the rPRL promoter activity in a time-dependent manner. Co-transfection with a catalytically inactive form of a MAPK construct or a dominant negative JNK, partially but significantly inhibited the induction of the rPRL promoter by PrRP. Furthermore, co-transfection with a dominant negative Ets completely abolished the response of the rPRL promoter to PrRP. These results suggest that PrRP differentially activates ERK and JNK, and both cascades are necessary to elicit rPRL promoter activity in an Ets-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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35
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Masuhara K, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Tasaka K, Kanzaki T, Kimura A, Hayakawa J, Hisamoto K, Koike K, Murata Y. Involvement of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase in gliosis induced during recovery from metabolic inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 267:892-6. [PMID: 10673387 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain reperfusion may be of particular importance in the etiology of periventricular leukomalacia, of which the common findings are gliosis and ventricular dilatation. To investigate the mechanism of this pathogenesis, we used a metabolic inhibition (MI) model using cyanide plus deoxyglucose treatment of cultured glia isolated from fetal rat brain and examined the activity of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) during MI and also during the recovery from MI of 30 min. ERK activation was stimulated during MI and the recovery from MI. The time course and extent of activation of ERK during MI and the recovery from MI, however, were distinctly different. Activation of ERK was stimulated within 5 min of MI and declined thereafter. Activation of ERK was sustained during the recovery phase from MI and the extent of the activation was much greater than that during MI. Pretreatment with EGTA to eliminate extracellular Ca(2+), or with APV, an NMDA receptor antagonist, to inhibit Ca(2+) influx through the NMDA receptor, attenuated the activation of ERK. Moreover, pretreatment with PMA to downregulate PKC abolished the activation of ERK. PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK kinase, attenuated the cell proliferation induced by MI followed by recovery from MI. These results suggest that ERK is involved in gliosis during the recovery phase from MI and may play a role in the etiology of periventricular leukomalacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Masuhara
- Department of Obstetrics, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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36
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Hayakawa J, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Ikegami H, Kimura A, Matsuoka T, Jikihara H, Mercola D, Murata Y. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase or c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase cascade, differentially activated by cisplatin, sensitizes human ovarian cancer cell line. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:31648-54. [PMID: 10531373 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.44.31648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the roles of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) cascade in both the cisplatin-resistant Caov-3 and the cisplatin-sensitive A2780 human ovarian cancer cell lines. Treatment of both cells with cisplatin but not transplatin isomer activates JNK and ERK. Activation of JNK by cisplatin occurred at 30 min, reached a plateau at 3 h, and declined thereafter, whereas activation of ERK by cisplatin showed a biphasic pattern, indicating the different time frame. Activation of JNK by cisplatin was maximal at 1000 microM, whereas activation of ERK was maximal at 100 microM and was less at higher concentrations, indicating the different dose dependence. Cisplatin-induced JNK activation was neither extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+)- nor protein kinase C-dependent, whereas cisplatin-induced ERK activation was extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+)- dependent and protein kinase C-dependent. A mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor, PD98059, had no effect on the cisplatin-induced JNK activity, suggesting an absence of cross-talk between the ERK and JNK cascades. We further examined the effect of each cascade on the viability following cisplatin treatment. Either exogenous expression of dominant negative c-Jun or the treatment by PD98059 induced sensitivity to cisplatin in both cells. Our findings suggest that cisplatin-induced DNA damage differentially activates JNK and ERK cascades and that inhibition of either of these cascades sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Department of Obstetrics, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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37
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Kimura A, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, Ikegami H, Hayakawa J, Tasaka K, Kanda Y, Nishio Y, Jikihara H, Matsuura N, Murata Y. Role of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade in gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced growth inhibition of a human ovarian cancer cell line. Cancer Res 1999; 59:5133-42. [PMID: 10537288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Although gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) have been used in the therapy of the endocrine-dependent cancers, their biological mechanism remained obscure. We have studied the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase family in the antiproliferative effect of GnRHa on the Caov-3 human ovarian cancer cell line. Reverse transcription-PCR assays confirmed mRNA for GnRH receptor in Caov-3 cells. In the presence of 1 microM GnRHa, the proliferation of cells was significantly reduced to 76% of controls after 24 h, and the effect was sustained up to 4 days. Although GnRHa had no effect on the activation of the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), treatment of Caov-3 cells with GnRHa activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), and its effect was more than that induced by GnRH. Activation of ERK by GnRHa occurred within 5 min, with the maximum occurring at 3 h and sustained until 24 h. GnRHa also activated ERK kinase (mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase) and resulted in an increase in phosphorylation of son of sevenless (Sos), and Shc. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism by which GnRHa induced ERK activation. Both pertussis toxin (10 ng/ml), which inactivates Gi/Go proteins, and expression of a peptide derived from the carboxyl terminus of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase I, which specifically blocks signaling mediated by the betagamma subunits of G proteins, blocked the GnRHa-induced ERK activation. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induced the ERK activity, but pretreatment of the cultured cells with PMA to down-regulate protein kinase C did not abolish the activation of ERK by GnRHa. Elimination of extracellular Ca2+ by EGTA also did not abolish the activation of ERK by GnRHa. To examine the role of ERK cascade in the antiproliferative effect of GnRHa, PD98059, an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase, was used. This inhibitor canceled the antiproliferative effect of GnRHa and apparently reversed the GnRH-induced dephosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein, the hyperphosphorylation of which is a hallmark of G1-S transition in the cell cycle. These results provide evidence that GnRHa stimulation of ERK activity may be mediated by Gbetagamma protein, not by PMA-sensitive protein kinase C nor extracellular Ca2+ in the Caov-3 human ovarian cancer cell line, suggesting that this cascade may play an important role in the antiproliferative effect of GnRHa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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38
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Yokogawa K, Yonekawa M, Tamai I, Ohashi R, Tatsumi Y, Higashi Y, Nomura M, Hashimoto N, Nikaido H, Hayakawa J, Nezu J, Oku A, Shimane M, Miyamoto K, Tsuji A. Loss of wild-type carrier-mediated L-carnitine transport activity in hepatocytes of juvenile visceral steatosis mice. Hepatology 1999; 30:997-1001. [PMID: 10498652 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510300423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mice, which show systemic L-carnitine deficiency, may be an animal model of Reye's syndrome because of its phenotype of fat deposition and mitochondrial abnormalities in the liver. In this study, we compared the characteristics of the L-carnitine transport in isolated hepatocytes from wild-type and JVS mice. The uptake of L-carnitine by wild-type hepatocytes was saturable and the Eadie-Hofstee plot showed 2 distinct components. The apparent Michaelis constant (K(m)) and the maximum transport rate (V(max)) were 4.6 micromol/L and 59.5 pmol/15 min/10(6) cells, respectively, for the high-affinity component, and 404 micromol/L and 713 pmol/15 min/10(6) cells, respectively, for the low-affinity component. The high-affinity L-carnitine uptake occurred via an active carrier-mediated transport mechanism, which is characterized by Na(+)-, energy-, and pH-dependency. On the other hand, the high-affinity uptake was absent in JVS hepatocytes, and the values of K(m) and V(max) for the low-affinity uptake were 475 micromol/L and 557 pmol/15 min/10(6) cells, respectively. The hepatic carnitine transport properties in wild-type hepatocytes were similar to those of high-affinity mouse Octn2-transfected HEK293 cells. This study suggests that Octn2-type carnitine transporter is dysfunctional in hepatocytes of JVS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokogawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Kitagaki H, Kimishima M, Teraki Y, Hayakawa J, Hayakawa K, Fujisawa S, Shiohara T. Distinct in vivo and in vitro cytokine profiles of draining lymph node cells in acute and chronic phases of contact hypersensitivity: importance of a type 2 cytokine-rich cutaneous milieu for the development of an early-type response in the chronic phase. J Immunol 1999; 163:1265-73. [PMID: 10415023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Although regional lymph nodes (LN) have been extensively studied as rich sources of effector T cells in contact hypersensitivity (CH), it remains unknown whether T cell responses in the LN reflect those in effector skin sites. We previously showed that repeated elicitation of CH results in a shift in the time course of Ag-specific CH from a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to an early-type response, a reflection of a shift in cutaneous cytokine expression from a type 1 to a type 2 profile. To investigate whether repeated elicitation of CH could also drive T cell development to the type 2 phenotype in the regional draining LN, sequential cytokine gene expression after hapten application was assessed during both the acute and the chronic phase of CH. In the draining LN the shift to type 2 cytokine production was also observed, but more mixed patterns of responses were induced than in the corresponding skin sites. The chronic LN cells (LNC), when stimulated in vitro, produced markedly lower levels of type 1 cytokines and higher levels of type 2 cytokines than the acute LNC. A successful passive transfer of an early-type response by the LNC was only induced in the recipient mice when the skin sites chronically treated with hapten were elicited. These results indicate that an early-type response by regional LNC would take place only in a milieu with sufficient levels of type 2 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kitagaki
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ohno S, Hayakawa J, Hashimoto N, Wiener F. Murine plasmacytomas, carrier of the t(12;15) chromosomal translocation, develop from immature/mature B cells not from differentiated plasma cells. Carcinogenesis 1999; 20:529-38. [PMID: 10223178 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/20.4.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the c-myc gene by chromosomal translocation in >95% of murine plasmacytomas (MPCs) is an obligatory requirement for the transformation of B lymphocytes into MPCs. However, it is still unknown whether sIg+ B cells or differentiated plasma cells are the legitimate precursor cells from which MPCs develop. To address this question, C.B-17 scid/scid (SCID) mice were reconstituted with splenic surface Ig-positive (sIg+) B lineage cells originating from BALB/cRb6.15 (B/cRb6.15) or human IL-6 transgene-congenic BALB/cRb8.12 mice (B/cRb8.12 IL-6-Tg). Six of 80 SCID mice reconstituted with B/cRb6.15 sIg+ B cells developed MPCs after pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) treatment followed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) infection (incidence 7.5%) and four of 40 after pristane treatment alone (incidence 10%). Similarly, in 20 SCID mice reconstituted with B/cRb8.12 IL-6-Tg splenic sIg+ B cells the MPC incidence was 10%. Karyotype analysis revealed that all the translocations were of typical t(12;15) type and all tumors carried the Rb6.15 or Rb8.12 marker chromosome, indicating their donor cell origin. In contrast, none of the 48 SCID mice reconstituted with plasma cells obtained from the lymph nodes of B/cRb8.12 IL-6-Tg mice developed MPCs when treated either with pristane plus A-MuLV (20 mice) or with pristane alone (28 mice), although the transferred plasma cells were still functional in the recipient SCID mice 6 months after transfer. The findings indicate that the malignant transformation triggered by Ig/myc juxtaposition occurs more in immature (sIgM+) and/or mature (sIgM+/sIgD+, sIgG+ and sIgA+) B cells than in differentiated G0 or cycling plasma cells. We inferred that immature and/or mature B cells and not differentiated plasma cells are most likely the principal source of precursor cells from which the typical t(12;15) MPCs develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ohno
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Japan.
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41
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Yokogawa K, Higashi Y, Tamai I, Nomura M, Hashimoto N, Nikaido H, Hayakawa J, Miyamoto K, Tsuji A. Decreased tissue distribution of L-carnitine in juvenile visceral steatosis mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 289:224-30. [PMID: 10087008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We kinetically analyzed the disposition of L-carnitine of juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mice compared with that of normal mice to elucidate the mechanism of the systemic L-carnitine deficiency of JVS mice. There were significant differences in the plasma concentration-time course of total radioactive carnitine (L-[3H]carnitine, [acetyl-3H]carnitine, and other [acyl-3H]carnitines) between normal and JVS mice after a single i.v. or p.o. administration of L-[3H]carnitine (250 ng/kg). The oral bioavailability of L-[3H]carnitine in JVS mice (0.341) was about half of that in normal mice (0.675). The cumulative urinary excretion of total radioactive carnitine in JVS mice was about 10-fold more than that in normal mice, and the total clearance of unchanged L-[3H]carnitine for JVS mice (6.70 ml/min) was significantly higher than that for normal mice (2.45 ml/min). The distribution volume at the steady state of unchanged L-[3H]carnitine in JVS mice (1.10 liters/kg) was significantly smaller than that in normal mice (8.16 liters/kg). At 4 h after an i.v. administration, the apparent tissue-to-plasma concentration ratios of unchanged L-[3H]carnitine for various tissues of JVS mice, except for brain, were about one half to one 20th of those in normal mice. In conclusion, this in vivo disposition kinetic study of L-carnitine supports the previous in vitro finding that the L-carnitine transporter is absent or functionally deficient in JVS mice because the renal reabsorption, the intestinal absorption, and the apparent tissue-to-plasma concentration ratios in JVS mice are significantly lower than those in normal mice. The JVS mouse should be a useful experimental model for studying carnitine deficiency diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yokogawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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42
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Kimura A, Ohmichi M, Takeda T, Kurachi H, Ikegami H, Koike K, Masuhara K, Hayakawa J, Kanzaki T, Kobayashi M, Akabane M, Inoue M, Miyake A, Murata Y. Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is involved in endothelin-1-induced rat puerperal uterine contraction. Endocrinology 1999; 140:722-31. [PMID: 9927299 DOI: 10.1210/endo.140.2.6477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in cultured rat puerperal uterine myometrial cells was investigated. ET-1 caused the rapid stimulation of MAP kinase activity. ET-1-induced MAP kinase activation is neither extracellular Ca2+- nor intracellular Ca2+-dependent. ET-1 stimulation also led to an increase in phosphorylation of son-of-sevenless (SOS), and transfection of dominant negative SOS attenuated the ET-1-induced MAP kinase activity. Phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induced the MAP kinase activity, but pretreatment of the cultured cells with PMA, to down-regulate protein kinase C (PKC), did not abolish the activation of MAP kinase by ET-1. In addition, down-regulation of PKC had no effect on ET-1-induced SOS phosphorylation. Pertussis toxin, which inactivates Gi/Go proteins, blocked the ET-1-induced MAP kinase activation but not the PMA-induced MAP kinase activation. The results suggested that MAP kinase is acutely activated by ET-1 through a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and SOS, not through the PMA-sensitive PKC. In addition, although reverse-transcriptase PCR assays detected messenger RNA for both ET- 1 receptor subtypes in cultured rat puerperal uterine myometrial cells, ET-1-induced MAP kinase activity and uterine contraction were blocked by treatment with BQ485, an antagonist selective for an ET type A receptor (but not by BQ788, an ET type B receptor antagonist). Ritodrine, which is known to relax uterine muscle contraction, attenuated ET-1-induced MAP kinase activity. We further examined the role of MAP kinase pathway in uterine contraction using an inhibitor of MEK activity, PD098059. This inhibitor completely inhibited the ET-1-induced MAP kinase activation and partially, but significantly, inhibited the ET-1-induced uterine contraction. These results indicate that ET-1-induced MAP kinase signaling cascade may play an important role in the ET-1-induced uterine contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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43
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Nezu J, Tamai I, Oku A, Ohashi R, Yabuuchi H, Hashimoto N, Nikaido H, Sai Y, Koizumi A, Shoji Y, Takada G, Matsuishi T, Yoshino M, Kato H, Ohura T, Tsujimoto G, Hayakawa J, Shimane M, Tsuji A. Primary systemic carnitine deficiency is caused by mutations in a gene encoding sodium ion-dependent carnitine transporter. Nat Genet 1999; 21:91-4. [PMID: 9916797 DOI: 10.1038/5030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Primary systemic carnitine deficiency (SCD; OMIM 212140) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, hypoglycaemia and hyperammonaemia. SCD has also been linked to sudden infant death syndrome. Membrane-physiological studies have suggested a defect of the carnitine transport system in the plasma membrane in SCD patients and in the mouse model, juvenile visceral steatosis. Although the responsible loci have been mapped in both human and mouse, the underlying gene has not yet been identified. Recently, we cloned and analysed the function of a novel transporter protein termed OCTN2. Our observation that OCTN2 has the ability to transport carnitine in a sodium-dependent manner prompted us to search for mutations in the gene encoding OCTN2, SLC22A5. Initially, we analysed the mouse gene and found a missense mutation in Slc22a5 in jvs mice. Biochemical analysis revealed that this mutation abrogates carnitine transport. Subsequent analysis of the human gene identified four mutations in three SCD pedigrees. Affected individuals in one family were homozygous for the deletion of a 113-bp region containing the start codon. In the second pedigree, the affected individual was shown to be a compound heterozygote for two mutations that cause a frameshift and a premature stop codon, respectively. In an affected individual belonging to a third family, we found a homozygous splice-site mutation also resulting in a premature stop codon. These mutations provide the first evidence that loss of OCTN2 function causes SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nezu
- Chugai Research Institute for Molecular Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan
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44
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Nagase H, Kawai K, Hayakawa J, Wakita H, Mizusuna A, Matsuura H, Tajima C, Takezawa Y, Endoh T. Rational drug design and synthesis of a highly selective nonpeptide delta-opioid agonist, (4aS*,12aR*)-4a-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl- 1,2,3,4,4a,5,12,12a-octahydropyrido[3,4-b]acridine (TAN-67). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998; 46:1695-702. [PMID: 9845952 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.46.1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We designed highly selective non-peptide agonists for the delta-opioid receptor. On the basis of the "message-address" concept in this field and the accessory site hypothesis, a novel class of heterocycle-fused octahydroisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized. One of these compounds [(4aS*,12aR*)-4a-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,12, 12a -octahydropyrido[3,4-b]acridine, TAN-67 (2)] showed high selectivity for the delta-opioid receptor (Ki = 1.12 nM) in guinea-pig cerebrum with a 2070-fold lower affinity for the mu-opioid receptor and a 1600-fold lower affinity for the kappa-opioid receptor. TAN-67 was a potent delta-opioid receptor agonist with an IC50 value of 6.61 nM in the mouse vas deferens assay that was reversed by naltrindole (NTI) (Ke = 0.21). Moreover, TAN-67 was shown to have antinociceptive activity following subcutaneous administration in the mouse acetic acid abdominal constriction assay that was antagonized by NTI (delta 1- and delta 2-antagonist) and 7-benzylidinenaltrexone (delta 1-antagonist), but not by naltriben (delta 2-antagonist). This systemically applicable non-peptide agonist will be useful for elucidating the pharmacological properties of the delta-opioid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nagase
- Basic Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan
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45
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Oka H, Ito Y, Yamada S, Kagami T, Hayakawa J, Harada K, Atsumi E, Suzuki M, Suzuki M, Odani H, Akahori S, Maeda K, Nakazawa H, Ito Y. Separation of lac dye components by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1998; 813:71-7. [PMID: 9697316 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-speed counter-current chromatography has been successfully applied to the separation of the lac dye components. A 25-mg quantity of the sample was separated using a two-phase solvent system composed of tert.-butyl methyl ether-n-butanol-acetonitrile-water (2:2:1:5). The fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. The separation yielded 2.6 mg of 97.2% pure laccaic acid C, 9.5 mg of 98.1% pure laccaic acid A, 3.6 mg of 98.2% pure laccaic acid B, and 0.5 mg of a 95.0% pure anthraquinonedicarboxylic acid with a molecular mass of 360.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Oka
- Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan
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46
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Hayakawa J, Nikaido H, Ohkawa T, Kitoh J. Cream fur: a new mouse mutation that may cause unusual lipid metabolism. J Hered 1998; 89:342-6. [PMID: 9703689 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/89.4.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1986 an albino mouse with cream yellow coat color was discovered in a breeding colony of strain CAL20, which is an IgH-C congenic strain of BALB/c mice, supported by the Institute for Experimental Animals, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University. Genetic analysis revealed that the cream yellow coat color phenotype was controlled by a single recessive mutant gene on chromosome 13. A preliminary study with biochemical and histologic examinations showed that cream yellow hair contained more fatty acid than unaffected normal hair and a large number of lipid droplets accumulated in parenchyma cells of the liver in mutant mice, as early as the age of 32 days old, suggesting that the cream yellow coat color was due to unusual lipid metabolism. The locus was designated cream fur locus and was given the gene symbol crf. In addition, it was found that recombination frequencies in the vicinity of the region of the crf locus were markedly different between male and female meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanazawa University, Japan.
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47
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Ito Y, Ikai Y, Oka H, Hayakawa J, Kagami T. Application of ion-exchange cartridge clean-up in food analysis. I. Simultaneous determination of thiabendazole and imazalil in citrus fruit and banana using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A 1998; 810:81-7. [PMID: 9691292 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and reproducible analytical method for thiabendazole (TBZ) and imazalil (IMA) in citrus fruit and banana has been developed. The method involves the use of an ion-exchange cartridge for sample clean-up followed by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The recoveries of TBZ and IMA from citrus fruits spiked at levels of 10 microgram/g and 5 microgram/g were in the range of 94-98% and 93-98% with coefficients of variation of 0.5-2.2% and 1.6-2.7%, respectively. The recoveries of TBZ and IMA from banana spiked at levels of 3 microgram/g and 2 microgram/g were 94% and 94% with coefficients of variation 1.1% and 4.9%, respectively. The detection limits for TBZ and IMA were 0.1 microgram/g in citrus fruit and 0.05 microgram in banana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ito
- Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Japan
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48
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Ishigaki Y, Yasuda K, Hashimoto N, Hayakawa J, Hiai H, Nikaido O. A comparison of UVB-carcinogenesis between nude mice and nude beige mice. J Radiat Res 1998; 39:119-127. [PMID: 9735600 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.39.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To gain an insight into the relationship between UVB-carcinogenesis and natural killer activity, we examined ultraviolet light-induced carcinogenesis in mice with high natural killer, activity (KSN) and mice with natural killer deficiency (KSN-bg). We exposed mice six times a week to three levels of daily ultraviolet B (UVB) doses; 320, 160 and 0 J/m2/day. During the latency period of skin tumor development in KSN mice, we detected no suppression of the natural killer activity at both 320 and 160 J/m2/day. Even at 1340 J/m2/day, we could not detect any significant suppression of NK activity in KSN mice. When we irradiated spleen cells in vitro, we observed NK activity suppression. Next, we compared the carcinogenic effects of UVB-irradiation on KSN and KSN-bg mice. At 320 J/m2/day, we detected no significant differences between them. In contrast, at 160 J/m2/day, KSN-bg mice showed a significantly higher rate of skin tumor induction than KSN mice (p < 0.05). Most UVB-induced tumors were squamous cell carcinoma, the rest were spindle cell carcinoma, papilloma and mixed type. Our results suggest that NK activity plays a protective role against UVB-carcinogenesis from low daily-doses of UVB-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishigaki
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan
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49
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Hayakawa J, Tsuburaya A, Motohashi H, Sairenji M, Kobayashi O, Suzuki K, Usuda Y. Acute effects of distal pancreatectomy on portal and peripheral blood insulin concentrations in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. Surg Today 1998; 28:363-6. [PMID: 9590698 DOI: 10.1007/s005950050142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of distal pancreatectomy on portal and peripheral blood immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) concentrations was evaluated in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. There were 22 patients studied, 12 of whom did not undergo distal pancreatectomy (group 1), and 10 who did (group 2). In group 2, the increase in portal blood IRI concentrations after a glucose infusion of 25 g over 30 min was suppressed, and reelevation of the portal blood IRG concentration after the glucose-induced depression was inhibited compared to group 1. In contrast, the peripheral blood IRI concentration did not reflect these changes in the portal blood IRI concentration. The rise in the arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) and the fall in the total ketone body concentration after glucose infusion were also attenuated after distal pancreatectomy in group 2. These findings suggest that distal pancreatectomy has an immediate suppressive effect on the pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon, and might disturb metabolism in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hayakawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Kanagawa Cancer Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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50
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Hashimoto N, Suzuki F, Tamai I, Nikaido H, Kuwajima M, Hayakawa J, Tsuji A. Gene-dose effect on carnitine transport activity in embryonic fibroblasts of JVS mice as a model of human carnitine transporter deficiency. Biochem Pharmacol 1998; 55:1729-32. [PMID: 9634010 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the marked decline in renal carnitine reabsorption has been thought to account fotr the systemic carnitine deficiency in juvenile visceral steatosis (JVS) mice. We have conducted a kinetic analysis using embryonic fibroblasts derived from normal, heterozygous, and homozygous jvs mice and found that the high-affinity carnitine transporter (Km = 5.5 microM), which shows Na+ and temperature dependency and stereospecificity, is defective in homozygous jvs mice. Moreover, a gene dose-dependent decrease of carnitine transport activity, which was due to a decrease in the number of the transporter molecules, was found in heterozygous jvs mice. Similar phenomena have been observed in human primary carnitine deficiency. Therefore, JVS mice may be useful for understanding this extremely rare human hereditary disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hashimoto
- Institute for Experimental Animals, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan
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