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Cone Sullivan J, Conklin SE, Conrad S, Horowitz C, Diethelm M, Comenzo R. Therapeutic plasma exchange decreases plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG without increasing the proximate incidence of COVID-19. J Clin Apher 2023; 38:721-726. [PMID: 37706521 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) removes both pathologic and protective immunoglobulins (Ig). SARS-CoV-2 immunity is partially mediated by anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies (SAb), which impair viral host-cell invasion. Nonetheless, the systematic effect of TPE on SAb concentration and SARS-CoV-2 immunity is unknown. METHODS Paired plasma waste specimens from the first (first-TPE) and last (last-TPE) TPE treatment were collected from 9 patients between July 21, 2021 and March 1, 2022. The effects of TPE on Ig levels were assessed by quantitatively comparing the SAb, total IgG, and total IgM levels first-/last-TPE treatment. Complementary qualitative assessment for these changes was achieved via protein electrophoresis (PEP) and immunofixation (IFE). A retrospective review was performed to investigate the incidence of new SARS-CoV-2 infections following TPE v. other treatment at the same outpatient apheresis/infusion center during the same time frame. RESULTS Median SAb levels between the first- and last-TPE waste specimens decreased significantly from 424.6 AU/mL to 17.0 AU/mL (P = 0.004). Concordantly, PEP and IFE analysis demonstrated broad Ig decreases. Cumulative incidence of subsequent COVID-19 diagnosis at 30, 90, and 180 days post-procedure did not differ between the TPE v. other treatment groups (n = 709 total patients). CONCLUSIONS TPE significantly reduced SAb levels, a marker of SARS-CoV-2 immunity, but did not appear to provoke increased incidence of COVID-19 infections. Further investigation of the kinetics of TPE-mediated SAb decrease and post-TPE recovery are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensyn Cone Sullivan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven E Conklin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anatomic & Clinical Pathology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephanie Conrad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Coby Horowitz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Diethelm
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond Comenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Eyzaguirre Pellon MT, Walsh AM, Willis J, Forbes J, Cone Sullivan J. Inappropriate intravenous infusion set occluded by cryoprecipitate. Transfusion 2022; 62:1697-1698. [PMID: 35946498 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann Marie Walsh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Willis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judith Forbes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jensyn Cone Sullivan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Sullivan JC, Peña JR. Use of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-Incompatible Platelet Units in HLA Platelet-Refractory Patients With Limited Number of or Low-Level HLA Donor-Specific Antibodies Results in Permissive Transfusions. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2022; 146:1243-1251. [PMID: 35171984 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0051-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— In human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mediated alloimmune platelet refractoriness, HLA-incompatible platelets may produce adequate posttransfusion corrected count increment ("permissive transfusion") and increase the donor pool. OBJECTIVE.— To determine if a lower number of or low-level anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) predict permissive transfusion and could be used to prioritize platelet selection. DESIGN.— We categorized platelets administered from 2016 to 2018 as HLA-compatible or HLA-incompatible based on presence of DSAs against the donor unit. We further divided HLA-incompatible units based on the number of DSAs and the level of DSAs (measured by mean fluorescence intensity [MFI]), where cumulative MFI ≥6000 defines high-level DSA. We compared posttransfusion corrected count increments (CCIs) and transfusion reactions among these transfusions. RESULTS.— Of 279 HLA-selected units transfused into 26 platelet-refractory patients, we resorted to using 39 HLA-incompatible units (14%). Posttransfusion CCI and transfusion reaction frequency were similar among units targeted by 1 or low-level DSAs and HLA-compatible units. Units targeted by ≥2 distinct or high-level DSAs produced lower CCIs. Regardless of ABO compatibility, similarly HLA-categorized units yielded comparable CCIs and comparable frequency of transfusion reactions. CONCLUSIONS.— HLA-incompatible platelets transfused across 1 or low-level DSAs were commonly permissive, whereas those transfused across ≥2 DSAs or high levels of DSA (MFI ≥6000) were nonpermissive. The use of such donor units offers transfusion services alternative platelet units for support of platelet-refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensyn Cone Sullivan
- From the Department of Pathology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Sullivan)
| | - Jeremy Ryan Peña
- the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Peña)
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4
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Cone Sullivan J, Oliveira M, Elliott D, Kaufman RM. False-positive eluate reactivity due to LISS. Transfusion 2022; 62:516-517. [PMID: 35014693 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jensyn Cone Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melanie Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dana Elliott
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard M Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Lane WJ, Gleadall NS, Aeschlimann J, Vege S, Sanchis-Juan A, Stephens J, Sullivan JC, Mah HH, Aguad M, Smeland-Wagman R, Lebo MS, Vijay Kumar PK, Kaufman RM, Green RC, Ouwehand WH, Westhoff CM. Multiple GYPB gene deletions associated with the U- phenotype in those of African ancestry. Transfusion 2020; 60:1294-1307. [PMID: 32473076 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MNS blood group system is defined by three homologous genes: GYPA, GYPB, and GYPE. GYPB encodes for glycophorin B (GPB) carrying S/s and the "universal" antigen U. RBCs of approximately 1% of individuals of African ancestry are U- due to absence of GPB. The U- phenotype has long been attributed to a deletion encompassing GYPB exons 2 to 5 and GYPE exon 1 (GYPB*01N). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Samples from two U-individuals underwent Illumina short read whole genome sequencing (WGS) and Nanopore long read WGS. In addition, two existing WGS datasets, MedSeq (n = 110) and 1000 Genomes (1000G, n = 2535), were analyzed for GYPB deletions. Deletions were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Twenty known U- donor samples were tested by a PCR assay to determine the specific deletion alleles present in African Americans. RESULTS Two large GYPB deletions in U- samples of African ancestry were identified: a 110 kb deletion extending left of GYPB (DEL_B_LEFT) and a 103 kb deletion extending right (DEL_B_RIGHT). DEL_B_LEFT and DEL_B_RIGHT were the most common GYPB deletions in the 1000 Genomes Project 669 African genomes (allele frequencies 0.04 and 0.02). Seven additional deletions involving GYPB were seen in African, Admixed American, and South Asian samples. No samples analyzed had GYPB*01N. CONCLUSIONS The U- phenotype in those of African ancestry is primarily associated with two different complete deletions of GYPB (with intact GYPE). Seven additional less common GYPB deletion backgrounds were found. GYPB*01N, long assumed to be the allele commonly encoding U- phenotypes, appears to be rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Lane
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas S Gleadall
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Alba Sanchis-Juan
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Stephens
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Helen H Mah
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Aguad
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Matthew S Lebo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Partners Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Richard M Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert C Green
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Partners Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
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Sullivan JC, Goldsmith J, Rojas R, Varma H, Kasper EM. Intracranial Dural Parafalcine Chondroma: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg 2018; 122:1-7. [PMID: 30273721 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.09.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial chondromas are rare, benign neoplasms representing only 0.2%-0.3% of neoplastic intracranial lesions. They commonly originate from the skull base but can infrequently arise from the falx, convexity dura, or ventricular ependyma. Diagnosis requires histopathologic confirmation, as patients present with nonspecific symptoms related to mass effect, and imaging characteristics often resemble meningiomas, oligodendrogliomas, and vascular malformations. We describe the case of a patient harboring a parafalcine dural chondroma that was discovered incidentally and was managed surgically at our institution. We also provide a systematic review of the literature to elucidate incidence, origin, imaging findings, surgical management approaches, and prognosis of this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensyn Cone Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey Goldsmith
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rafael Rojas
- Division of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hemant Varma
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Ekkehard M Kasper
- Division of Neurosurgery, Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Abstract
Hypertension and chronic kidney disease are more common in men than in premenopausal women at the same age. In animal models, females are relatively protected against genetic or pharmacological procedures that produce high blood pressure and renal injury. Overactivation or dysfunction of the endothelin (ET) system modulates the progression of hypertension or kidney diseases with the ET(A) receptor primarily mediating vasoconstriction, injury and anti-natriuresis, and ET(B) receptors having opposite effects. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of the ET system in the kidney with a focus on the inequality between the sexes associated with the susceptibility to and progression of hypertension and kidney diseases. In most animal models, males have higher renal ET-1 mRNA expression, greater ET(A) -mediated responses, including renal medullary vasoconstriction, and increased renal injury. These differences are reduced following gonadectomy suggesting a role for sex hormones, mainly testosterone. In contrast, females are relatively protected from high blood pressure and kidney damage via increased ET(B) versus ET(A) receptor function. Furthermore, ET(A) receptors may have a favourable effect on sodium excretion and reducing renal damage in females. In human studies, the genetic polymorphisms of the ET system are more associated with hypertension and renal injury in women. However, the knowledge of sex differences in the efficacy or adverse events of ET(A) antagonists in the treatment of hypertension and kidney disease is poorly described. Increased understanding how the ET system acts differently in the kidneys between sexes, especially with regard to receptor subtype function, could lead to better treatments for hypertension and renal disease. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Endothelin. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2013.168.issue-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kittikulsuth
- Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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8
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Bag AK, Curé JK, Sullivan JC, Roberson GH. Central variant of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: new associations? Lupus 2009; 19:225-6. [PMID: 19880556 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309345749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Sullivan JC, Goodchild TT, Cai Z, Pollock DM, Pollock JS. Endothelin(A) (ET(A)) and ET(B) receptor-mediated regulation of nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) and NOS3 isoforms in the renal inner medulla. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2007; 191:329-36. [PMID: 17892518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our laboratory and others have shown that endothelin (ET)-1 directly stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production in inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. The goal of this study was to determine which NO synthase (NOS) isoforms in IMCD are sensitive to ET-1, and the role of ET(A) and ET(B) receptor activation in vivo and in vitro. METHODS NOS enzymatic activity and NOS isoform protein expression were examined in cultured IMCD-3 cells and isolated renal inner medulla. ET(B) receptor-deficient homozygous rats (sl/sl) have elevated levels of circulating ET-1 and lack a functional ET(B) signalling pathway in kidneys, and furthermore provides a unique model to study ET(A) receptor signalling in the renal inner medulla in vivo. RESULTS Incubation of IMCD-3 cells with exogenous ET-1 (50 nm) resulted in ET(A)-dependent increased NOS1 protein expression in IMCD-3 cells with no effect on NOS2 or NOS3 expression. ET(B) receptor antagonism has no effect on NOS expression in IMCD-3 cells. Consistent with in vitro results, cytosolic NOS1 protein expression was significantly greater in the renal inner medulla of sl/sl rats compared with heterozygous (sl/+) controls, with no alteration in NOS3 expression. In contrast to protein expression data, NOS1- and NOS3-specific enzymatic activities decreased in the cytosolic fraction from the renal inner medulla of sl/sl compared with sl/+. CONCLUSION These results provide evidence that both ET(A) and ET(B) receptors regulate NOS isoform activity in the renal inner medulla and specifically support the hypothesis that ET(A) receptor activation increases NOS1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Sullivan
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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10
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Abstract
The kinetics of the reaction between dioxouranium(VI) and benzene-1,2-diphosphonic acid (BzDPA) has been investigated by stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The rate of reaction of uranyl ions with Arsenazo III (2,7-bis(2,2'-arsonophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid) in 50:50 methanol-water solutions was also determined. Both formation and dissociation rate constants for the 1:1 complex between uranyl-BzDPA in acidic solutions were resolved. To gain insight into the effect of solvation on the progress of the reaction, the system was studied in triply distilled water, in 50:50 methanol-water, 80:20 methanol-water and in 50:50 tert-butanol-water as a function of temperature at pH 1.0. The rates of complex formation and dissociation reactions decrease as methanol substitutes for water in the medium and further decrease as tert-butanol replaces methanol as co-solvent. Activation parameters are most consistent with an associative process governing the progress of both complex formation and dissociation reactions. Introduction of alcoholic co-solvents results in notably more negative activation entropies for both complex formation and dissociation reactions, while the activation enthalpies are only slightly reduced in the mixed methanol-water medium. These results are compared with the kinetic features of other U(VI) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hall
- Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700, S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4831, USA
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11
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Abstract
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule in the maintenance of cardiovascular health. Endothelial NO synthase (NOS 3), which catalyses the formation of NO, is targeted to the plasma membrane by dual acylation. In vitro studies suggest that membrane localization of NOS 3 is an important regulatory element of NO production. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium and a decrease in NO bioavailability is associated with the development and progression of a number of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Our laboratory has previously published that in salt-dependent hypertension there is an altered localization of NOS 3, with an increase in cytosolic expression. These data have led us to question whether the increased cytosolic NOS 3 expression is a form of compensation for endothelial dysfunction in hypertension, or an indicator and contributing factor to endothelial dysfunction. This review will outline the importance of subcellular localization in the regulation of NOS 3 in vitro, the role of NOS 3 in endothelial dysfunction associated with salt-dependent hypertension, and the potential physiological consequences of altered NOS 3 localization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Sullivan
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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12
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe creatine supplementation patterns and behaviors associated with creatine supplementation in high school football players. DESIGN A cross-sectional, multisite, anonymous, descriptive survey was conducted between October 1999 and February 2000. SETTING 37 public high schools in Wisconsin. SUBJECTS A total of 1,349 high school football players, grades 9-12. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported prevalence of creatine use, as well as perceived benefits and risks. In addition, sources of information and influence regarding creatine supplementation were assessed. RESULTS 30% of the respondents reported using creatine. Creatine use was lowest in the 9th grade (10.4%) and highest in the 12th grade (50.5%). 41% of the players at small schools stated they used creatine compared with 29% of the players in large schools. Enhanced recovery following a workout was the most likely perceived benefit of creatine supplementation, while dehydration was cited most often as a risk of creatine use. Users were encouraged to take creatine most often by their friends while their parents discouraged creatine use. CONCLUSIONS Creatine use is widespread in high school football players. High school football players who use creatine may not be aware of the risks and benefits associated with creatine supplementation. Sports medicine professionals who work with this population need to educate athletes, coaches, and parents about the use of creatine as a performance-enhancing supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A McGuine
- University of Wisconsin Hospital Sports Medicine Center, Madison 53711, USA.
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13
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Williams CW, Blaudeau JP, Sullivan JC, Antonio MR, Bursten B, Soderholm L. The coordination geometry of Np(VII) in alkaline solution. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:4346-7. [PMID: 11457206 DOI: 10.1021/ja005640g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C W Williams
- Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effect of age on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation was different in males and females. METHODS Young (3 month) and old (25 month) Fisher 344 rats were studied: young females (YF, n=34), young males (YM, n=28), old females (OF, n=19), and old males (OM, n=24). Isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (endothelium-intact and denuded) were pressurized, and outer diameter was monitored. EFS-response curves (0.1-8 Hz) were performed in preconstricted arteries in the presence of guanethidine. EFS responses were expressed as percent relaxation from preconstricted diameter. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and comparisons were made using ANOVA and t-tests. RESULTS Males became less responsive to EFS-induced vasodilation with age, while responses among females were unaffected (AUC: YM=344+/-23, OM=253+/-25, P=0.008; YF=397+/-21, OF=365+/-25, P=0.33). Endothelial denudation produced a significant decrease in EFS-induced dilation among all rat groups. The effect of denudation was greater in young animals compared to old. Incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (LNA) significantly decreased EFS responsiveness among all of the rat groups. CONCLUSIONS EFS-induced vasodilation declines with age among males. In YF and YM endothelium-dependent EFS-induced vasodilation is mediated by the release of endothelium-derived NO. With age, endothelial function declines, which is likely due to a decrease in the production of endothelium-derived NO. A decline in endothelial-derived NO is likely responsible for the decrease in EFS-induced vasodilation with age among males.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Sullivan
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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15
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Sullivan JC, Davison CA. Gender differences in the effect of age on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced adrenergic vasoconstriction in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 296:782-8. [PMID: 11181907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of gender and age on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced vasoconstriction. Fisher 344 rats were studied: young females (YF, n = 38), young males (YM, n = 29), old females (OF, n = 33), and old males (OM, n = 30). Isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (endothelium-intact or denuded) were pressurized, and outer diameter was monitored. Dose-response curves were performed to KCl and phenylephrine (PE). EFS (0.1-16 Hz) responses were expressed as percentage of constriction from baseline. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and comparisons were made using analysis of variance and t tests. Females became less responsive to EFS-induced constriction with age, whereas constrictor responses among males were unaffected (AUC: YF = 454 +/- 15, OF = 284 +/- 22, p < 0.001; YM = 391 +/- 35, OM = 357 +/- 31, p = 0.22). Endothelial denudation produced a significant increase in EFS-induced constriction in OF and OM. Endothelium removal in OF increased the EFS constrictor response to the level seen in arteries from YF. BQ 123 (ET(A) receptor antagonist) significantly decreased EFS-induced constriction in YM and OM. In YM, SQ 29,548 [thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2))/PGH(2) receptor antagonist] and indomethacin depressed constrictor responses. There were no differences among groups in the sensitivity to KCl, but YF were the most sensitive to PE. In conclusion, EFS-induced vasoconstriction declined with age among females but not males. The decrease in EFS constrictor responses in OF may be due to a selective decrease in vascular smooth muscle sensitivity to adrenergic agonists and an increase in the production of an endothelium-derived vasodilator. Among males there is also an endothelin-1 and TXA(2)/PGH(2) component to EFS-induced constriction that is absent among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Sullivan
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208, USA.
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16
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Bartok-Olson CJ, Schoeller DA, Sullivan JC, Clark RR. The "B" in the Selinger Four-Compartment body composition formula should be body mineral instead of bone mineral. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 904:342-4. [PMID: 10865768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C J Bartok-Olson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
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17
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Clark RR, Kuta JM, Sullivan JC. Cross-validation of methods to predict body fat in African-American and Caucasian collegiate football players. Res Q Exerc Sport 1994; 65:21-30. [PMID: 8184208 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.1994.10762204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Eight skinfold (SF) equations and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were cross-validated in 71 Division IA college football players. Criterion percent body fat (%FAT) was determined by hydrostatic weighing (HW) and computed from body density (BD) for African Americans (n = 28) and Caucasians (n = 43). Results were analyzed by method, with position and race effects examined simultaneously using a two-way ANOVA. Analysis included computation of mean difference (MD), correlation (r), standard error of estimate (SEE), and total error (TE). Skinfolds had MDs ranging from -1.8 to 2.9%, correlations from .85 to .93, SEEs from 2.3 to 3.2%, and TEs from 2.3 to 4.2%. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was significantly different from HW and yielded the highest MD (3.8%), lowest correlation (r = .78), highest SEE (3.9%), and highest TE (5.4%). The Jackson and Pollock (1978) SF equation provided the most valid prediction of HW-determined %FAT in a racially mixed sample of college football players, demonstrating the highest correlation, lowest SEE and TE, and an intercept and slope not significantly different than 0.0 and 1.0, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Clark
- University of Wisconsin Hospital Sports Medicine Center, Madison
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Clark RR, Kuta JM, Sullivan JC. Prediction of percent body fat in adult males using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, skinfolds, and hydrostatic weighing. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993; 25:528-35. [PMID: 8479309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the prediction of percent body fat (%FAT) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), skinfolds (SF), and hydrostatic weighing (HW) in adult males. Subjects were 35 adult male Caucasians (mean +/- SD; age: 39.1 +/- 14.0 yr, height: 180.6 +/- 5.3 cm, weight: 81.0 +/- 11.1 kg). %FAT, determined by HW with residual volume determined via O2 dilution, served as the criterion. DXA %FAT was determined by the Norland XR-26 (XR-26) bone densitometer and by the SF equations of Jackson and Pollock (JP) (1978), and Lohman (LOH) (1981). Criterion referenced validation included analyzing mean (+/- SD) %FAT values using a one-way ANOVA for significance, comparison of mean differences (MD), correlations (r), standard error of estimates (SEE), and total errors (TE). Significant differences were found between means of each method. The r (0.91) and SEE (3.0 %FAT) for DXA compare favorably with the established SF methods of JP and LOH for predicting %FAT; however, DXA demonstrated the largest MD (3.9 %FAT) and TE (5.2 %FAT). Regression analysis yields HW = 0.79* DXA + 0.56. The results do not support earlier research that found no significant difference between HW and DXA %FAT in males. The study suggests the density of the fat-free body (DFFB) is not constant, and that the variation in bone mineral content affects the DFFB, which contributes to the differences between DXA and HW %FAT. We recommend further research to identify inconsistencies between manufacturers of DXA equipment in prediction of %FAT in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Clark
- U.W. Hospital Sports Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53705
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of body fat determinations and subsequent calculation of minimal weight (MW) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA), near-infrared photospectometry (NIR), and anthropometry (LOHMAN). Necessitated by mandatory state minimal weight testing, the methods were cross-validated on 95 Wisconsin high school wrestlers (mean +/- SD; age: 15.1 +/- 1.2 yr, height: 170.4 +/- 7.1 cm, weight: 63.4 +/- 9.8 kg). MW, defined as fat-free body/0.93, determined by hydrostatic weighing (HW) and residual volume via O2 dilution, served as the criterion. The validity of the four selected MW predictions were evaluated against HW by examining mean differences (MD), standard deviation differences (SDD), correlations (r), standard error of estimate (SEE), and total errors (TE). Statistically significant differences were shown between the methods and the criterion by t-tests; however, these were clinically small in Lohman (0.6 kg) and BIA (0.9 kg). TE ranged from 2.25 kg (Lohman) to 6.03 kg (NIR). The results indicated that Lohman skinfold equation provided the most accurate prediction of MW, demonstrating the highest correlation (0.972), lowest MD (0.6 kg), lowest SEE (2.12 kg), and lowest TE (2.25 kg) of the methods evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Clark
- U.W. Hospital Sports Medicine Center, Madison 53705
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Creaser II, Lancaster MJ, Lawrance GA, Sargeson AM, Sullivan JC. Oxidation of Formatopentaamminecobalt(III) Perchlorate by Silver(II). Aust J Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1071/ch9881275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Formatopentaamminecobalt (III) perchlorate is oxidized relatively rapidly by AgO in acid conditions (1 M H2SO4, HNO3 or HO3SCF3), with approximately 97% of the total cobalt retained in the cobalt(III) state as [Co(NH3)5(OH2)]3+ and [Co(NH3)5X]n+ (X = SO42- or NO3-). A combination of product distribution, silver(I) and silver(II) concentration dependence and 18O-labelling experiments indicate that the major pathway (97%) is oxidation of [Co(NH3)5(OCHO)]2+ directly to [(NH3)5Co(OCO)]3+ and [(NH3)5Co(O2COH)]2+ by AgIII (through the disproportionation 2AgII ↔ AgIII + AgI ) in a relatively rapid hydride extraction. A minor path (3%) appears to involve a one-electron oxidation by AgII to the complexed radical anion [(NH3)5Co(OC?O)]2+ which then decays intramolecularly to yield CoII and CO2. In 1 M H2SO4 the cobalt(III) intermediate, [(NH3)5Co(OCO)]3+, has been shown by 18O-labelling and competition experiments to decay by dissociation into [Co(NH3)5]3+ and CO2. The pentacoordinate intermediate [Co(NH3)5]3+ immediately captures OH2 and HSO4-.
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Sishta SK, Rinco S, Sullivan JC. Clients' satisfaction survey in a psychiatric inpatient population attached to a general hospital. Can J Psychiatry 1986; 31:123-8. [PMID: 3697903 DOI: 10.1177/070674378603100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A clients' satisfaction survey was undertaken on the population of a psychiatric inpatient facility in a general hospital setting. The responses were analysed statistically and the results showed that the patients were highly satisfied with the services provided. The results are reviewed within the context of the literature available, and the methodological issues involved are discussed. It is felt that existing questionnaires need to be further refined to make them more sensitive to dissatisfaction felt by patients.
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Abstract
The rich parotid lymphatic network makes necessary the inclusion of benign and malignant lymphoid disease in the differential diagnosis of parotid swelling. This area is affected directly by lymphoma in many clinical situations and has an indirect relationship with lymphoma through Sjögren's syndrome. These associations can produce uncertainty about the etiology and significance of parotid masses. Patients with Sjögren's have a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders from benign lymphoepithelial disease (BLD) to lymphoma and a significantly greater incidence of the latter than the general population. Nine patients with lymphoma and also benign and malignant lymphoid disease in the parotid illustrate various diagnostic considerations. These include that both benign and malignant parotid lymphoid pathology are seen with systemic lymphoma, that lymphoma can co-exist with BLD, may be misdiagnosed as BLD, and can develop in the same gland after appearance of BLD.
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Follingstad DR, Sullivan JC. Male aggression toward females as a function of traditional vs nontraditional cues and visibility of the target. Psychol Rep 1979; 44:1135-42. [PMID: 538146 DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3c.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An aggression paradigm, disguised as a competitive reaction time task, was designed to investigate aggression by males toward a female who deviated from traditionally expected properties of a female target. 33 male subjects, exposed to a female varying in traditional vs non-traditional appearance and attitudes, did not set differential shock levels for their target. The surprisingly high shock levels which subjects set for the female, however, resulted in an additional experimental condition to compare the visibility of the opponent in the design with the non-visibility of female opponents in previous studies demonstrating low aggression against females. Seven subjects with a non-visible target shocked their opponent significantly less than in all other conditions where males had contact with the female opponent. This finding suggests that studies using non-visible female targets cannot legitimately be generalized to real-life situations and that males may not be inhibited from aggressing against females as previously thought.
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Zalutsky MR, Friedman AM, Sullivan JC, Ruby SL, Rayudu GV. Studies of tumor metabolism--II. Mössbauer spectroscopy of 57Co-bleomycin. Int J Nucl Med Biol 1977; 4:216-8. [PMID: 75864 DOI: 10.1016/0047-0740(77)90145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Warren KR, Schafer IA, Sullivan JC, Petrelli M, Radin NS. The effects of N-hexyl-O-glucosyl sphingosine on normal cultured human fibroblasts: a chemical model for Gaucher's disease. J Lipid Res 1976; 17:132-8. [PMID: 178814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal human skin fibroblasts were grown in the presence of N-hexyl-O-glucosyl sphingosine (HGS), an inhibitor of aryl glucosidase and glucocerebrosidase. Tests of the cells with aryl glycosides showed that beta-glucosidase activity in the cells was drastically reduced while other enzyme activities (alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, and N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase) were normal or elevated. Exposure of cells to HGS for 28 days resulted in increased values for cell weight per plate, glucocerebroside concentration, and galactosyl-galactosylglucosyl ceramide concentration. The concentrations of total lipid, cholesterol, and protein were unchanged, as was the fatty acid distribution within the glycolipids. Chemically, the inhibitor-treated cells exhibited a model form of Gaucher's disease. Although many membranous cytoplasmic inclusions were induced by HGS, they were unlike the characteristic inclusions seen in individuals with the genetic disorder. Skin fibroblasts from a Gaucher patient showed no abnormalities in composition or appearance.
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Warren KR, Schafer IA, Sullivan JC, Petrelli M, Radin NS. The effects of N-hexyl-O-glucosyl sphingosine on normal cultured human fibroblasts: a chemical model for Gaucher's disease. J Lipid Res 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)36997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Friedman AM, Sullivan JC, Ruby SL, Lindenbaum A, Russell JJ, Zabransky BJ, Rayudu GV. Studies of tumor metabolism--I: By use of Mössbauer spectroscopy and autoradiography of 153Sm. Int J Nucl Med Biol 1976; 3:37-40. [PMID: 1248935 DOI: 10.1016/0047-0740(76)90009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sullivan JC, Friedman AM, Rayudu GV, Fordham EW, Ramachandran PC. Tumor localization studies with radioactive lanthanide and actinide complexes. Int J Nucl Med Biol 1975; 2:44-5. [PMID: 45860 DOI: 10.1016/0047-0740(75)90022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Schafer IA, Sullivan JC, Svejcar J, Kofoed J, Robertson WV. Study of the Hurler syndrome using cell culture: definition of the biochemical phenotype and the effects of ascorbic acid on the mutant cell. J Clin Invest 1968; 47:321-8. [PMID: 4230126 PMCID: PMC297173 DOI: 10.1172/jci105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts from patients with Hurler syndrome retain a distinctive biochemical phenotype when grown in culture which is characterized by increased synthesis of both nonsulfated and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Ascorbic acid reinforces the phenotypic expression of the biochemical abnormality, producing not only increased synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans, but selective retention of sulfated glycosaminoglycans within the cell. Although the synthesis of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans is also increased, these compounds, particularly hyaluronic acid are not retained by the cell but are secreted into the medium. Analyses of urine from patients with Hurler syndrome show increased absolute concentrations of nonsulfated glycosaminoglycans in addition to the expected increase in sulfated glycosaminoglycans. This indicates that the biochemical phenotype as defined in cell culture is not an artifact of the experimental model but reflects the biochemical defect in the patient. Redefinition of the biochemical defect to include nonsulfated as well as sulfated glycosaminoglycans contradicts explanations of this disease which are based on a single structural gene mutation.
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Abstract
Fibroblasts grown in medium containing less than 1 microg of ascorbic acid per milliliter showed evidence of ascorbic acid deficiency when compared with cells grown in medium containing 50 microg of ascorbic acid per milliliter. This was manifested morphologically by dilated endoplasmic reticulum, a decrease in number, size, and intensity of staining of the mitochondria, by defective intercellular fibril formation, and by easy disaggregation of the cells from the intercellular matrix after treatment with pronase. When 50 microg per milliliter of ascorbic acid was incorporated into the medium, the altered morphology was corrected, banded fibrils were produced which were organized into bundles, and the cells were tightly bound in a matrix which was resistant to disaggregation with a variety of proteolytic enzymes. Collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis were less in the control than in the ascorbic acid supplemented cells. Similar morphological and chemical changes have been reported in the connective tissue of scorbutic animals. The effects of low ascorbic acid concentration on fibroblasts in culture indicate that these cells require ascorbic acid to maintain connective tissue functions.
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Schafer IA, McManus TJ, Sullivan JC, Gitlin D. Inhibition by hydrocortisone of iododeoxyuridine incorporation into the DNA of cultured mammalian cells. Exp Cell Res 1966; 44:108-18. [PMID: 5928593 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(66)90417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
In fibroblasts taken from patients witli Hurler's syndromne and grown in cultlure, dermatan sulfate constituted a larger percentage of the total sulfated glycosaminoglycans than it did in cultured fibroblasts from unaffected individuals. Moreover, the addition of ascorbic acid (vitamnin C) to the culture medium markedly increased the concentration of dermatan sulfate in the Hurler's fibroblasts but not in the normal fibroblasts. The biochemical phenotype of the Hurler's cells persisted during 28 weeks of serial culture.
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Holding BF, Sullivan JC. Injuries of the face and jaws. J Med Assoc State Ala 1966; 35:521-7. [PMID: 5902162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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