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Park D, Kim SM, Jang H, Kim K, Ji HY, Yang H, Kwon W, Kang Y, Hwang S, Kim H, Casel MAB, Choi I, Yang JS, Lee JY, Choi YK. Differential beta-coronavirus infection dynamics in human bronchial epithelial organoids. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29600. [PMID: 38591240 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The lower respiratory system serves as the target and barrier for beta-coronavirus (beta-CoV) infections. In this study, we explored beta-CoV infection dynamics in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) organoids, focusing on HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Utilizing advanced organoid culture techniques, we observed robust replication for all beta-CoVs, particularly noting that SARS-CoV-2 reached peak viral RNA levels at 72 h postinfection. Through comprehensive transcriptomic analysis, we identified significant shifts in cell population dynamics, marked by an increase in goblet cells and a concurrent decrease in ciliated cells. Furthermore, our cell tropism analysis unveiled distinct preferences in viral targeting: HCoV-OC43 predominantly infected club cells, while SARS-CoV had a dual tropism for goblet and ciliated cells. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 primarily infected ciliated cells, and MERS-CoV showed a marked affinity for goblet cells. Host factor analysis revealed the upregulation of genes encoding viral receptors and proteases. Notably, HCoV-OC43 induced the unfolded protein response pathway, which may facilitate viral replication. Our study also reveals a complex interplay between inflammatory pathways and the suppression of interferon responses during beta-CoV infections. These findings provide insights into host-virus interactions and antiviral defense mechanisms, contributing to our understanding of beta-CoV infections in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Park
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Mi Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Jang
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghee Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Ji
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heedong Yang
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woohyun Kwon
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonglim Kang
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhee Hwang
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Anthony B Casel
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Issac Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Disease, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Kim SH, Kim Y, Jeon S, Park U, Kang JI, Jeon K, Kim HR, Oh S, Rhee JY, Choi JP, Park WB, Park SW, Yang JS, Lee JY, Kang J, Shin HS, Kim Y, Kim S, Kim YS, Lim DG, Cho NH. Rise in broadly cross-reactive adaptive immunity against human β-coronaviruses in MERS-recovered patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadk6425. [PMID: 38416834 PMCID: PMC10901372 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
To develop a universal coronavirus (CoV) vaccine, long-term immunity against multiple CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, and future CoV strains, is crucial. Following the 2015 Korean MERS outbreak, we conducted a long-term follow-up study and found that although neutralizing antibodies and memory T cells against MERS-CoV declined over 5 years, some recovered patients exhibited increased antibody levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. This likely resulted from cross-reactive immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or infections. A significant correlation in antibody responses across various CoVs indicates shared immunogenic epitopes. Two epitopes-the spike protein's stem helix and intracellular domain-were highly immunogenic after MERS-CoV infection and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection. In addition, memory T cell responses, especially polyfunctional CD4+ T cells, were enhanced during the pandemic, correlating significantly with MERS-CoV spike-specific antibodies and neutralizing activity. Therefore, incorporating these cross-reactive and immunogenic epitopes into pan-CoV vaccine formulations may facilitate effective vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangeun Jeon
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Uni Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Il Kang
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ran Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhyeok Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 02053, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kang
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Shik Shin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtaek Kim
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Lim
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
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3
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Zhao Z, Zhao YN, Jin JY, Yang JS, Zhu J, Li T. [Application of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in subclinical systemic sclerosis primary heart involvement]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:176-182. [PMID: 38326044 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20231101-00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Primary cardiac involvement (SSc-PHI) in systemic sclerosis is an important prognostic factor. We aimed to characterize and identify subclinical SSc-PHI using cardiovascular MRI to determine whether disease severity and serum biomarkers are associated with subclinical SSc-PHI. Methods: A total of 26 patients with SSc who had no history of cardiovascular disease or pulmonary hypertension underwent 3 T-enhanced cardiovascular MRI. Measurements included native T1, extracellular volume, advanced gadolinium enhancement, T2 mapping, and left ventricular volume function. Troponin T and N telencephalic natriuretic peptide precursors were also determined. Results: LGE was observed in 13 of 26 patients (50.0%), suggesting focal fibrosis, and T2 mapping was significantly higher in the dcSSc group than in the lcSSc group (P=0.009). Left ventricular volume and function were within the normal range in all patients, but final systolic left ventricular volume was significantly higher in dcSSc than in lcSSc (P=0.021). The modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) was significantly higher in patients with LGE focal fibrosis (P=0.019). Logistic regression analysis confirmed the association between mRSS and LGE (OR=1.224, P=0.037). In multivariate analysis, T2 mapping was negatively correlated with disease course, and was correlated with dcSSc and fingertip ulcer (R2=0.711, P=0.018, P=0.013, P=0.030). Troponin T was correlated with T2 mapping (r=0.555, P=0.049). Conclusions: Subclinical SSc-PHI is characterized by diffuse and focal myocardial fibrosis, but preserves myocardial systolic function. Subclinical SSC-Phi is associated with TNT, SSc disease severity, and complex peripheral vascular disease. These data provide information for identifying individuals at risk of SSc-PHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y N Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Y Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Radiology, the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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4
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Zhao YR, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Li KP, Yang JS, Sun F, Liao SM, Zhang JL, Huang F, Zhu J. [Efficacy of rituximab therapy for 10 patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus with intestinal involvement]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2024; 63:198-202. [PMID: 38326047 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20231016-00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed therapy efficacy and the adverse reactions of 10 patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with intestinal involvement treated with rituximab (RTX). Patients were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to January 2023. Among the 10 patients, two were men and eight were women. The age of the cohort was (41.9±8.8) years. The age at disease onset was (28.8±9.2) years. The total course of the SLE diagnosis was(109.6±59.9) months. The course of the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement was (89.3±50.2) months. The time from the appearance of intestinal symptoms to the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement was 1.5 (1.0,8.0) months. The time from the diagnosis of SLE with intestinal involvement to RTX use was 13.0 (1.0,46.3) months. Follow-up duration after application of RTX treatment was (55.3±28.4) months. There were five cases of abdominal pain, four cases of abdominal distension, nine cases of diarrhea, three cases of nervous-system involvement, nine cases of lupus nephritis, and seven cases of serositis. All 10 patients underwent computed tomography and radiology of the abdomen. Eight patients had intestinal-wall edema, seven suffered intestinal dilation, four had target signs, three suffered congestion of mesenteric blood vessels, eight had increased mesenteric-fat density, and six had false intestinal obstruction. All 10 patients showed a low level of complement C3 (250-750 mg/L). Nine cases showed a low level of complement C4 (10-90 mg/L). The SLE disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) at baseline in 10 patients was 20.5 (17.8, 30.0). After receiving RTX (0.5 g: day 1, day 14, or 375 mg/m2: day 1, day 14) induction treatment, the intestinal symptoms of 10 cases were relieved completely. Four patients had adverse reactions, of which three received a high-dose glucocorticoid combined with RTX treatment simultaneously. Adverse reactions manifested mainly as a reduced level of IgG and infection with herpes simplex virus in one case, reduced level of IgG and lung infection in one patient, lung infection in one case, and reduced IgG level in one patient. RTX may an efficacious treatment strategy for patients suffering from refractory SLE with intestinal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - K P Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - S M Liao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Lim SY, Kim JW, Kim JY, Kang SW, Jang CY, Chang E, Yang JS, Kim KC, Jang HC, Kim DS, Shin Y, Lee JY, Kim SH. The association between antibody responses and prolonged viable SARS-CoV-2 shedding in immunocompromised patients: a prospective cohort study. J Infect Dis 2023:jiad579. [PMID: 38114088 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunocompromised COVID-19 patients were prospectively enrolled from March to November 2022 to understand the association between antibody responses and SARS-CoV-2 shedding. A total of 62 patients were analyzed and the results indicated a faster decline in genomic and subgenomic viral RNA in patients with higher neutralizing and S1-specific IgG antibodies (both P < 0.001). Notably, high neutralizing antibody levels were associated with a significantly faster decrease in viable virus cultures (P = 0.04). Our observations suggest the role of neutralizing antibodies in prolonged virus shedding in immunocompromised patients, highlighting the potential benefits of enhancing their humoral immune response through vaccination or monoclonal antibody treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yun Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeun Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woon Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Young Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Jang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Sol Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmin Shin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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6
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Kang SW, Kim JW, Kim JY, Lim SY, Jang CY, Chang E, Yang JS, Kim KC, Jang HC, Kim D, Shin Y, Lee JY, Kim SH. Virological characteristics and the rapid antigen test as deisolation criteria in immunocompromised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29228. [PMID: 38009999 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
There are limited data supporting current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for the isolation period in moderate to severely immunocompromised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Adult COVID-19 patients who underwent solid organ transplantation (SOT) or received active chemotherapy against hematologic malignancy were enrolled and weekly respiratory samples were collected. Samples with positive genomic real-time polymerase chain reaction results underwent virus culture and rapid antigen testing (RAT). A total of 65 patients (40 with hematologic malignancy and 25 SOT) were enrolled. The median duration of viable virus shedding was 4 weeks (interquartile range: 3-7). Multivariable analysis revealed that B-cell depletion (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.76) was associated with prolonged viral shedding, and COVID-19 vaccination (≥3 doses) was negatively associated with prolonged viral shedding (HR: 0.22). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of RAT for viable virus shedding were 79%, 76%, 74%, and 81%, respectively. The negative predictive value of RAT was only 48% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33-65) in the samples from those with symptom onset ≤20 days, but it was as high as 92% (95% CI: 85-96) in the samples from those with symptom onset >20 days. About half of immunocompromised COVID-19 patients shed viable virus for ≥4 weeks from the diagnosis, and virus shedding was prolonged especially in unvaccinated patients with B-cell-depleting therapy treatment. RAT beyond 20 days in immunocompromised patients had a relatively high negative predictive value for viable virus shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woon Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeun Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yun Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Young Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Jang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasol Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmin Shin
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Demirev AV, Lee K, Bae JY, Park H, Park S, Kim H, Lee J, Cho J, Yang JS, Kim KC, Lee JY, Kim K, Lemey P, Park MS, Kim JI. Molecular evolution and targeted recombination of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea. iScience 2023; 26:107689. [PMID: 37680469 PMCID: PMC10481354 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 variants have continuously emerged globally, including in South Korea. To characterize the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea, we performed phylogenetic and genomic recombination analyses using more than 12,000 complete genome sequences collected until October 2022. The variants in South Korea originated from globally identified variants of concern and harbored genetic clade-common and clade-specific amino acid mutations mainly around the N-terminal domain (NTD) or receptor binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein. Several point mutation residues in key antigenic sites were under positive selection persistently with changing genetic clades of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, we detected 17 potential genomic recombinants and 76.4% (13/17) retained the mosaic NTD or RBD genome. Our results suggest that point mutations and genomic recombination in the spike contributed to the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea, which will form an integral part of global prevention and control measures against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas V. Demirev
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heedo Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeen Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Cho
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Li QD, He BR, Hui H, Gao L, Yang JS, Liu TJ, Zheng BL, Chang Z, Huang YF, Zhao ZG, Du JP, Hao DJ. [Analysis of factors associated with proximal junctional kyphosis after surgery for Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2239-2245. [PMID: 37544760 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221209-02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) after posterior spinal fusion for in children with Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods: It was a retrospective case-control study that included medical records of 98 children with Lenke type 5 AIS who underwent posterior orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia at the Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2013 to December 2018. There were 23 males and 75 females with a mean age of (14.5±2.2) years (10-18 years). Patients were divided into PJK and non-PJK groups according to whether the posterior junctional angle (PJA) was greater than 10° and increased for more than 10° from the preoperative period at the the last follow-up. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the correlation of general data of the children with occurrence of PJK after the operation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative PJK. Results: There were 35 cases in the PJK group and 63 cases in the non-PJK group. The PJK and non-PJK groups were followed up for (35.6±7.3) months and (36.4±7.5) months, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.637). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in general data such as gender, age, and body mass index (all P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in upper instrumented vertebrea (UIV) location and junctional area posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injury (all P<0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that UIV location at T10-T12, junctional area PLC injury, preoperative coronal thoracic curve (TC), preoperative and final follow-up PJA, and preoperative and final follow-up pelvic incidence-lumbarlordosis (PI-LL) were correlated with postoperative PJK (OR=2.50, 5.37, 0.92, 1.12, 1.32, 1.06, 3.35, all P<0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that UIV located at T10-T12 (OR=2.346, 95%CI: 1.582-3.481, P=0.001), junctional area PLC injury (OR=5.112, 95%CI: 1.283-20.418, P=0.023) and last follow-up PI-LL (OR=1.826, 95%CI: 1.558-24.745, P=0.012) were risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative PJK in children with Lenke type 5 AIS. Conclusions: Postoperative UIV fixation to the thoracolumbar segment, PLC injury in the junctional area and excessive postoperative PI-LL in children with Lenke type 5 AIS may be the risk factors for the occurrence of PJK after the operation. It is suggested that avoidance of UIV selection to the thoracolumbar segment, intraoperative protection of the PLC located near the UIV and restoration of a good PI-LL relationship may reduce the incidence of PJK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q D Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - B R He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - H Hui
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - L Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - T J Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - B L Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Z Chang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y F Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Z G Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - J P Du
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - D J Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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Cho J, Shin Y, Yang JS, Kim JW, Kim KC, Lee JY. Evaluation of antiviral drugs against newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. Antiviral Res 2023; 214:105609. [PMID: 37086978 PMCID: PMC10118056 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants and their rapid worldwide spread pose a threat to public health. From November 2022 to February 2023, newly emerged Omicron subvariants, including BQ.1.1, BF.7, BA.5.2, XBB.1, XBB.1.5, and BN.1.9, became prevalent global strains (>5% global prevalence). These Omicron subvariants are resistant to several therapeutic antibodies. Thus, the antiviral activity of current drugs such as remdesivir, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir, which target highly conserved regions of SARS-CoV-2, against newly emerged Omicron subvariants need to be evaluated. We assessed the antiviral efficacy of the drugs using the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against human isolates of 23 Omicron subvariants and four former SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and compared it with the antiviral efficacy of these drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 reference strain (hCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020). Maximal IC50-fold changes of remdesivir, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir were 1.9 (BA.2.75.2), 1.2 (B.1.627.2), and 1.4 (BA.2.3), respectively, compared to median IC50 values of the reference strain. Moreover, median IC50-fold changes of remdesivir, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir against the Omicron variants were 0.96, 0.4, and 0.62, respectively, similar to the 1.02, 0.88, and 0.67, respectively, median IC50-fold changes for previous VOCs. Although K90R and P132H in Nsp 5, and P323L, A529V, G671S, V405F, and ins823D in Nsp 12 mutations were identified, these amino acid substitutions did not affect drug antiviral activity. These results indicate that current antivirals retain antiviral efficacy against newly emerged Omicron subvariants. It is important to continue active surveillance and testing of new variants for drug resistance to enable early identification of drug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyung Cho
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmin Shin
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Kim
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Division of Emerging Viral Diseases and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Zou X, Yang JS, Chen WJ, Liang FY. [Two cases of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with hoarseness]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:501-504. [PMID: 37151000 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20221107-00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - W J Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - F Y Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Lyoo KS, Lee H, Lee SG, Yeom M, Lee JY, Kim KC, Yang JS, Song D. Experimental Infection and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variants among Beagle Dogs. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:782-785. [PMID: 36848871 PMCID: PMC10045707 DOI: 10.3201/eid2904.221727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed susceptibility of dogs to SARS-COV-2 Delta and Omicron variants by experimentally inoculating beagle dogs. Moreover, we investigated transmissibility of the variants from infected to naive dogs. The dogs were susceptible to infection without clinical signs and transmitted both strains to other dogs through direct contact.
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Lee E, Park S, Choi JP, Kim MK, Yang E, Ham SY, Lee S, Lee B, Yang JS, Park BK, Kim DS, Lee SY, Lee JY, Jang HC, Jeon J, Park SW. Short-Term Effectiveness of Oral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant and Culture-Positive Viral Shedding. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e59. [PMID: 36852855 PMCID: PMC9970787 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir against the omicron is limited. The clinical response and viral kinetics to therapy in the real world need to be evaluated. METHODS Mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with risk factors for severe illness were prospectively enrolled as a treatment group with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy versus a control group with supportive care. Serial viral load and culture from the upper respiratory tract were evaluated for seven days, and clinical responses and adverse reactions were evaluated for 28 days. RESULTS A total of 51 patients were analyzed including 40 in the treatment group and 11 in the control group. Faster symptom resolution during hospitalization (P = 0.048) was observed in the treatment group. Only minor adverse reactions were reported in 27.5% of patients. The viral load on Day 7 was lower in the treatment group (P = 0.002). The viral culture showed a positivity of 67.6% (25/37) vs. 100% (6/6) on Day 1, 0% (0/37) vs. 16.7 (1/6) on Day 5, and 0% (0/16) vs. 50.0% (2/4) on Day 7 in the treatment and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir against the omicron was safe and resulted in negative viral culture conversion after Day 5 of treatment with better symptomatic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunmi Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sin Young Ham
- Seoul Veterans Hospital Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungjae Lee
- Seoul Veterans Hospital Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bora Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Park
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Da Sol Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Jang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Jeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sang-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Kang SW, Kim JW, Kim JY, Lim SY, Jang CY, Chang E, Yang JS, Kim KC, Jang HC, Kim D, Shin Y, Lee JY, Kim SH. Characteristics and risk factors of prolonged viable virus shedding in immunocompromised patients with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. J Infect 2023; 86:412-414. [PMID: 36682630 PMCID: PMC9852259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woon Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeun Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yun Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Young Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Jang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasol Kim
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmin Shin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors at: Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors at: Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
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Zhao YR, Li KP, Deng XH, Liu XF, Liao SM, Yang JS, Zheng X, Zhang JL, Huang F, Zhu J. [Efficacy and safety of half-dose rituximab in the treatment of 23 cases with lupus nephritis]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:84-87. [PMID: 36631042 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220214-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of rituximab in the treatment of 23 cases of lupus nephritis and explore the prospect of half-dose rituximab in lupus nephritis treatment. Twenty-three patients with lupus nephritis hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from May 2013 to December 2021 were selected. Eighteen patients received rituximab 375 mg/m2 on the first and 14th days, 5 patients received 500 mg of rituximab on the first and 14th days, and rituximab was used as needed 6 months later. Methylprednisolone (80-120 mg) was given together with rituximab. Afterward, 1 mg/kg prednisone was used for 4 weeks, which was progressively tapered to maintenance doses or discontinued. B lymphocyte level, renal function, 24-h urine protein level, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI2K) score before and after treatment were recorded. The efficacy and adverse reactions were analyzed. The results showed that 11 patients suffered from renal insufficiency [creatinine (162.7±58.6) μmol/L ] at baseline, while the creatinine level of 9 patients returned to normal 12 months after the treatment [ (66.3±10.1)μmol/L ]. Normal renal function of the other 12 patients was maintained during treatment. After 12 months, the 24-h urine protein level decreased from 4.00 (2.00,6.80) g in the baseline period to 0.10 (0.08,0.40) g. SLEDAI2K score decreased from 22 (18,26) in the baseline period to 3 (0,6) 12 months after the treatment. The B lymphocyte level reached 0.00 (0.00,0.01)% at 3 months. Of 23 patients, 13 patients achieved complete remission, and 7 patients achieved partial remission after 6 months of rituximab treatment. Five patients experienced adverse reactions related to rituximab, including 1 case of transfusion reaction, 1 case of perioral herpes with pulmonary infection, and 3 cases of decreased IgG levels. Therefore, rituximab regimen used in this study can be an effective treatment strategy for lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - K P Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X H Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X F Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hainan Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - S M Liao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - F Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Wang J, Xu HB, Qiao SB, Guan FH, Hu WX, Yang JS, Yuan JG, Cui L, Song M, Zhang P, Xu B. [Predictive value of SYNTAX-Ⅱ score on prognosis of patients with chronic total occlusion undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:1186-1192. [PMID: 36517439 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20221101-00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the predictive value of SYNTAX-Ⅱ score on long term prognosis of patients diagnosed with chronic total occlusion (CTO) and received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Patients undergoing CTO-PCI in Fuwai hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The SYNTAX-Ⅱ score of the patients was calculated. According to SYNTAX-Ⅱ score tertiles, patients were stratified as follows: SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤20, 20<SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤27, SYNTAX-Ⅱ>27. Primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACCE), including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke and any revascularization. Secondary endpoints included stent thrombosis, heart failure and target lesion failure (TLF). Patients were followed up by outpatient visit or telephone call at 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after PCI, and annually up to 5 years. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors of all-cause death in patients undergoing CTO-PCI. The predictive value of SYNTAX score with SYNTAX-Ⅱ score for all-cause death was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Results: A total of 2 391 patients with CTO and received PCI were enrolled in this study. The mean age was (57.0±10.5) years, 1 994 (83.40%) patients were male. There were 802 patients in lower tertile group (SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤20), 798 patients in intermediate group (20<SYNTAX-Ⅱ≤27) and 791 patients in upper tertile group (SYNTAX-Ⅱ>27). At the end of 5-year follow-up, the loss to follow-up rate of the three groups was 9.10%(73/802), 10.78%(86/798)and 8.85%(70/791), respectively. The rate of all-cause mortality (1.78% (13/729) vs. 3.65% (26/712) vs. 9.02% (65/721), P<0.001), cardiac death (1.37% (10/729) vs. 2.11% (15/712) vs. 4.85% (35/721), P<0.001), target vessel myocardial infarctions (4.25% (31/729) vs. 4.49% (32/712) vs. 7.07% (51/721), P=0.03), probable stent thrombosis (1.51% (11/729) vs. 2.81% (20/712) vs. 3.61% (26/721), P=0.04) and heart failure (1.78% (13/729) vs. 1.97% (14/712) vs. 5.41% (39/721), P<0.001) increased in proportion to increasing SYNTAX-Ⅱ score (all P<0.05). Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that female (HR=2.05, 95%CI 1.12-3.73, P=0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction (HR=0.97, 95%CI 0.95-1.00, P=0.05) and SYNTAX-Ⅱ score (HR=1.07, 95%CI 1.02-1.11,P=0.01) were independent predictors for all-cause mortality in patients undergoing CTO-PCI. The predicted value of the SYNTAX-Ⅱ score for all-cause death was significantly higher than the SYNTAX score (AUC 0.71 vs. 0.60, P=0.003). Conclusion: For CTO patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, SYNTAX-Ⅱ score is an independent predictor for 5-year all-cause death, and SYNTAX-Ⅱ serves as an important predictor for all-cause death in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - H B Xu
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - S B Qiao
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - F H Guan
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - W X Hu
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - J S Yang
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - J G Yuan
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - L Cui
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - M Song
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - P Zhang
- CCRF (Beijing) Inc, Beijing 100027, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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Kim JW, Park WJ, Kim SS, Lee JY, Yang JS. Time Course Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays Based on Cell-Free Recombinant Proteins for Detection of Antibodies against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0295322. [PMID: 36416538 PMCID: PMC9769967 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02953-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Won Kim
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, South Korea
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Kim T, Min KI, Yang JS, Kim JW, Cho J, Kim YH, Lee JS, Kim YT, Kim KC, Kim JY, Na KJ, Lee JY, Ju YS. Relative infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in human alveolar cells. iScience 2022; 25:105571. [PMID: 36406862 PMCID: PMC9659354 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continuous emergence of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants, the comparison of their infectivity has become a critical issue for public health. However, a direct assessment of the viral characteristic has been challenging due to the lack of appropriate experimental models and efficient methods. Here, we integrated human alveolar organoids and single-cell transcriptome sequencing to facilitate the evaluation. In a proof-of-concept study with four highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants, including GR (B.1.1.119), Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (BA.1), a rapid evaluation of the relative infectivity was possible. Our system demonstrates that the Omicron variant is 5- to 7-fold more infectious to human alveolar cells than the other SARS-CoV-2 variants at the initial stage of infection. To our knowledge, for the first time, this study measures the relative infectivity of the Omicron variant under multiple virus co-infection and provides new experimental procedures that can be applied to monitor emerging viral variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewoo Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Il Min
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Cho
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ho Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwon Joong Na
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author
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18
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Kim H, Yang JS, Ko JH, Lee M, Lee JY, Park S, Kim JW, Shin Y, Lee JM, Na YJ, Park BK, Kim H, Lee YH, Yang J, Huh K, Cho SY, Kang CI, Chung DR, Peck KR. Can nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment shorten the duration of COVID-19 isolation? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:988559. [PMID: 36314031 PMCID: PMC9596971 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.988559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment on shedding of viable virus in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. Methods A prospective cohort study evaluating mildly ill COVID-19 patients was conducted. Virologic responses were compared between nirmatrelvir/ritonavir-treatment and supportive care groups. Risk factors and relevant clinical factors for shedding of viable virus were investigated. Results A total of 80 COVID-19 patients were enrolled and 222 sputum specimens were collected. Ten patients were dropped during follow-up, and 33 patients in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and 37 in the supportive care groups were compared. The median age was 67 years, and 67% were male. Clinical characteristics were similar between groups. Viral loads decreased significantly faster in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir group compared with the supportive care group (P < 0.001), and the slope was significantly steeper (-2.99 ± 1.54 vs. -1.44 ± 1.52; P < 0.001). The duration of viable virus shedding was not statistically different between groups. In the multivariable analyses evaluating all collected specimens, male gender (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.25-5.03, P = 0.010), symptom score (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.87, P = 0.015), days from symptom onset (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.88, P = 0.002), complete vaccination (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.87, P = 0.038), and BA.2 subtype (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26-0.91, P = 0.025) were independently associated with viable viral shedding, while nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was not. Conclusion Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment effectively reduced viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants but did not decrease the duration of viable virus shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haein Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Ko
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Jae-Hoon Ko,
| | - Myungsun Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea,Myungsun Lee,
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Younmin Shin
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Byoung Kwon Park
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Medical Humanities, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungmin Huh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Young Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol-In Kang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doo Ryeon Chung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyong Ran Peck
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Mamudu HM, Nwabueze CA, Yang JS, Mackey TK, Ahuja M, Smith A, Weierbach FM, McNabb M, Minnick C, Jones A. Social media and use of electronic nicotine delivery systems among school-going adolescents in a rural distressed Appalachian community. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101953. [PMID: 36161107 PMCID: PMC9501989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Social media use to discuss ENDS among youth in distressed areas is understudied. Nearly 1 in 3 and 1 in 8 of youth were ever and current ENDS users, respectively. Nearly 1 in 5 of the youth reported using social media to talk about ENDS. Social media increased current and ever ENDS use by 4 and 3 times, respectively. Social media engagement may lead to ENDS uptake among youth in distressed areas.
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are the most used tobacco products among middle and high schoolers in the United States (U.S.). Familial relations and access play a major role in uptake among adolescents; yet the role of social media in this phenomenon in the context of communities impacted by tobacco-related health disparities is understudied. In Spring 2019, data were collected from adolescents in 8th and 9th grades in a school located in a rural distressed county in Tennessee to assess social media’s role in ENDS uptake. Descriptive and multivariable statistical analyses were performed to delineate factors associated with ENDS use. Of a total of 399 respondents, 12.5 % reported current ENDS use and 22.1 % indicated having ever discussed ENDS on social media. Closed messaging platforms (Snapchat) and video platforms (Facebook/Instagram/You Tube) were the most reported form of social media used (8.31 % and 8.31 % respectively). Social media use was positively associated with both ever ENDS use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.9) and current ENDS use (OR = 3.98). Parental advice against ENDS use was positively associated with ever ENDS use. In conclusion, social media use was positively associated with both ever and current ENDS use, and Snapchat was the most popular platform among this population of students. The results indicate that youth social media engagement may lead to exposure that can influence ENDS uptake. Future studies are needed to further examine these associations among distressed communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Mamudu
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
| | - C A Nwabueze
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, KHS 161 A, 800 N. State College Blvd, Fullerton, CA, 92831, USA
| | - T K Mackey
- Global Health Program, Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Ahuja
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
| | - A Smith
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
| | - F M Weierbach
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
- College of Nursing, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - M McNabb
- Northeast Regional Office of Tennessee Department of Health, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - C Minnick
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, City, TN, USA
| | - A Jones
- Department of Sociology & Department of Epidemiology, Milken School Institute of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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20
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Seo JM, Kang B, Song R, Noh H, Kim C, Kim JI, Kim M, Ryu DK, Lee MH, Yang JS, Kim KC, Lee JY, Lee H, Woo HM, Kim JW, Choi JA, Song M, Tomaszewska-Kiecana M, Wołowik A, Kulesza A, Kim S, Ahn K, Jung N, Lee SY. Preclinical assessment and randomized Phase I study of CT-P63, a broadly neutralizing antibody targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:2315-2325. [PMID: 36006772 PMCID: PMC9542283 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2117094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite a successful vaccination programme, the emergence of mutated variants that can escape current levels of immunity mean infections continue. Herein, we report the development of CT-P63, a broad-spectrum neutralizing monoclonal antibody. In vitro studies demonstrated potent neutralizing activity against the most prevalent variants, including Delta and the BA.1 and BA.2 sub-lineages of Omicron. In a transgenic mouse model, prophylactic CT-P63 significantly reduced wild-type viral titres in the respiratory tract and CT-P63 treatment proved efficacious against infection with Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 with no detectable infectious virus in the lungs of treated animals. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, Phase I, single ascending dose study in healthy volunteers (NCT05017168) confirmed the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of CT-P63. Twenty-four participants were randomized and received the planned dose of CT-P63 or placebo. The safety and tolerability of CT-P63 were evaluated as primary objectives. Eight participants (33.3%) experienced a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), including one grade ≥3 (blood creatine phosphokinase increased). There were no deaths, treatment-emergent serious adverse events, TEAEs of special interest, or TEAEs leading to study drug discontinuation in the CT-P63 groups. Serum CT-P63 concentrations rapidly peaked before declining in a biphasic manner and systemic exposure was dose proportional. Overall, CT-P63 was clinically safe and showed broad-spectrum neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Seo
- Celltrion Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bobin Kang
- Celltrion Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rina Song
- Celltrion Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanmi Noh
- Celltrion Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Minsoo Kim
- Celltrion Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min-Ho Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Woo
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Choi
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Hao DJ, Yang JS, Liu TJ, He BR. [The development of artificial cervical disc replacement from the perspective of orthopedic bionic therapy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:203-207. [PMID: 35078293 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20211129-00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The modern surgical treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease can be traced back to the advent of anterior cervical decompression and fusion.With the emergence of fusion-related complications,different scholars have promoted the gradual transformation of cervical degenerative disc diseases from "fusion fixation" to "non-fusion reconstruction" through in-depth fusion with materials science,engineering mechanics and other disciplines.The innovation of this treatment concept is consistent with the original intention of "structural remodeling,functional reconstruction,maximum repair and reconstruction of the morphology and function of skeletal muscle system" in orthopedic bionic treatment,which is essentially in line with the "bionic alternative therapy" in orthopedic bionic therapy.This paper focuses on the surgical treatment of cervical degenerative disc diseases,reviews the development history of artificial cervical disc replacement,analyzes the evolution from orthopedic biomimetic therapy,and explores a new direction for the design of artificial cervical disc prostheses and the treatment of cervical degenerative disc diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China
| | - T J Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China
| | - B R He
- Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710054,China
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22
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Noh JY, Yang JS, Hwang SY, Hyun H, Seong H, Yoon JG, Yoon SY, Cheong HJ, Kim WJ, Park WJ, Kim JW, Lee JY, Song JY. Duration of humoral immunity and cross-neutralizing activity against the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants after wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:975-978. [PMID: 35172333 PMCID: PMC8903377 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective cohort study was conducted for adults with a diagnosis of with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Convalescent blood samples were obtained 4, 6, and 11 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The seropositivity of anti-spike antibody was maintained in all patients (100%) until 11 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Neutralizing antibody levels against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 gradually decreased but remained positive in >50% of patients 11 months after diagnosis: in 98.5% (67 of 68) at 4 months, 86.8% (46 of 53) at 6 months, and 58.8% (40 of 68) at 11 months. However, cross-neutralizing activity against the Beta and Delta variants was attenuated 2.53-fold and 2.93-fold, respectively, compared with the wild-type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Noh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjun Hyun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gu Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Cheon S, Park U, Park H, Kim Y, Nguyen YTH, Aigerim A, Rhee JY, Choi JP, Park WB, Park SW, Kim Y, Lim DG, Yang JS, Lee JY, Kim YS, Cho NH. Longevity of seropositivity and neutralizing antibodies in recovered MERS patients: a 5-year follow-up study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:292-296. [PMID: 34139334 PMCID: PMC8200326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the longevity of spike-specific antibody responses and neutralizing activity in the plasma of recovered Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) patients. METHODS We traced the antibody responses and neutralizing activity against MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in peripheral blood samples collected from 70 recovered MERS patients for 5 years after the 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea. We also measured the half-life of neutralizing antibody titres in the longitudinal specimens. RESULTS The seropositivity rate persisted for up to 4 years (50.7-56.1%), especially in MERS patients who suffered from severe pneumonia, and then decreased (35.9%) in the fifth year. Although the spike-specific antibody responses decreased gradually, the neutralizing antibody titres decreased more rapidly (half-life: 20 months) in 19 participants without showing negative seroconversion during the study period. Only five (26.3%) participants had neutralizing antibody titres greater than 1/1000 of PRNT50, and a high neutralizing antibody titre over 1/5000 was not detected in the participants at five years after infection. DISCUSSION The seropositivity rate of the recovered MERS patients persisted up to 4 years after infection and significantly dropped in the fifth year, whereas the neutralizing antibody titres against MERS-CoV decreased more rapidly and were significantly reduced at 4 years after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinhye Cheon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Uni Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoree Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yen Thi Hai Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdimadiyeva Aigerim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Lim
- Center for Chronic Diseases, Research Institute, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Lee H, Lee TY, Jeon P, Kim N, Kim JW, Yang JS, Kim KC, Lee JY. J2N-k hamster model simulates severe infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in patients with cardiovascular diseases. J Virol Methods 2022; 299:114306. [PMID: 34601000 PMCID: PMC8482652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considering the global impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, generating suitable experimental models is imperative. For pre-clinical studies, researchers require animal models displaying pathological features similar to those observed in patients; therefore, establishing animal models for COVID-19 is crucial. The golden Syrian hamster model mimics conditions observed in humans with mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, a golden Syrian hamster model of severe infection has not been reported. J2N-k hamsters are utilized as a cardiomyopathy model; therefore, we used cardiomyopathic J2N-k hamsters showing conditions similar to those of severe COVID-19 complicated with cardiovascular diseases, as patients with cardiovascular diseases exhibit a higher risk of morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 than patients without cardiovascular diseases. Unlike that in golden Syrian hamsters, SARS-CoV-2 infection was lethal in J2N-k hamsters, with a median lethal dose of 104.75 plaque-forming units for the S clade of SARS-CoV-2 (A, GenBank: MW466791.1). High viral titers and viral genomes were detected in the lungs of J2N-k and golden Syrian hamster models harvested 3 days after infection. Pathological features of SARS-CoV-2-associated lung injury were observed in both models. The J2N-k hamster model can aid in developing vaccines or therapeutics against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 182 Osongsaengmyeong-2ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Shim SM, Kim JW, Jung S, Jung Y, Woo HM, Yang JS, Kim KC, Lee JY. Persistence of the neutralising antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2021; 28:614.e1-614.e4. [PMID: 34954127 PMCID: PMC8695319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Neutralizing antibodies are among the factors used to measure an individual's immune status for the control of infectious diseases. We aimed to confirm the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody levels in patients who had recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Plasma donors in South Korea who had completely recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection had follow-up testing to determine the persistence of neutralizing antibodies using a plaque-reduction neutralization test and ELISA. Results Of the 111 participants—aged 20–29 years, 37/111 (33.3%); 30–39 years, 17/111 (15.3%); 40–49 years, 23/111 (20.7%); 50–59 years, 21/111 (18.9%); 60–65 years, 13/111 (11.7%); male, 43/111 (38.7%); female, 68/111 (61.3%)—66.1% still had neutralizing antibodies approximately 9 months (range 255–302 days) after confirmation of the diagnosis. Conclusions In this study we analysed the titre of neutralizing antibodies associated with predicting immune status in individuals with natural infection. Information about the persistence and change in levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can be utilized to provide evidence for developing vaccination schedules for individuals with previous infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mu Shim
- Division of Acute Virus Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujung Jung
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Woo
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus and Vector Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Centre for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Shin HS, Kim Y, Kang J, Um J, Park JS, Park WB, Kim YS, Choi JP, Rhee JY, Joh JS, Cho NH, Yang JS, Lee JY, Lim DG. Longitudinal Analysis of Memory T cell Responses in Survivors of Middle East respiratory syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 75:596-603. [PMID: 34893799 PMCID: PMC9383109 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a highly lethal respiratory disease caused by a zoonotic betacoronavirus. The development of effective vaccines and control measures requires a thorough understanding of the immune response to this viral infection. Methods We investigated cellular immune responses up to 5 years after infection in a cohort of 59 MERS survivors by performing enzyme-linked immunospot assay and intracellular cytokine staining after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with synthetic viral peptides. Results Memory T-cell responses were detected in 82%, 75%, 69%, 64%, and 64% of MERS survivors from 1–5 years post-infection, respectively. Although the frequency of virus-specific interferon gamma (IFN-γ)–secreting T cells tended to be higher in moderately/severely ill patients than in mildly ill patients during the early period of follow-up, there was no significant difference among the different clinical severity groups across all time points. While both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were involved in memory T-cell responses, CD4+ T cells persisted slightly longer than CD8+ T cells. Both memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognized the E/M/N proteins better than the S protein and maintained their polyfunctionality throughout the period examined. Memory T-cell responses correlated positively with antibody responses during the initial 3–4 years but not with maximum viral loads at any time point. Conclusions These findings advance our understanding of the dynamics of virus-specific memory T-cell immunity after MERS-coronavirus infection, which is relevant to the development of effective T cell–based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Shik Shin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul. Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul. Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kang
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Um
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sun Park
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Sung Joh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Lim
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Public Health, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhao YP, Yang JS. [Epidemiological analysis of non-enterovirus 71 and non-coxsackievirus A16 enterovirus]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:1351-1356. [PMID: 34749481 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210430-00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EV) are the most common pathogens in humans, often causing large-scale infectious diseases, such as: hand, foot and mouth disease, herpes angina, myocarditis, encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, acute flaccidity Paralysis and acute flaccid myelitis and other nervous system and cardiopulmonary diseases, and them often infect children under 5 years old, severely can cause fatal complications. In recent years, the prevalence of non-enteric virus A71 (EV71) and non-coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) enteroviruses has gradually increased, and the dominant strains of EVs have gradually changed. A timely grasp of the etiology, epidemiology, and molecular evolution characteristics of EVs is of great significance to the prevention and control of EVs. Therefore, this article reviews the current status of diseases caused by non-EV71 and non-CV-A16 enteroviruses and analysis the molecular epidemiology, in order to have a certain prompting effect on the prevention and control of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Zhao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - J S Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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28
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Lee TY, Lee H, Kim N, Jeon P, Kim JW, Lim HY, Yang JS, Kim KC, Lee JY. Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 variant lethality in human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice. Virus Res 2021; 305:198563. [PMID: 34530046 PMCID: PMC8437746 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the lethality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants belonging to the S, V, L, G, GH, and GR clades using K18-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 heterozygous mice. To estimate the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of each variant, increasing viral loads (100–104 plaque-forming units [PFU]) were administered intranasally. Mouse weight and survival were monitored for 14 days. The LD50 of the GH and GR clades was significantly lower than that of other clades at 50 PFU. These findings suggest that the GH and GR clades, which are prevalent worldwide, are more virulent than the other clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Lee
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Lee
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyeonghwa Jeon
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chang Kim
- Division of Emerging Virus & Vector Research, Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Liu YJ, Yang JS, Chen PW, Gao MD, Zhao CL, Wang DN, Ren R, Fu XX, Zhao SQ. [Evaluation of adhesive bone conduction hearing aid in pediatric patients with unilateral congenital aural atresia]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:936-942. [PMID: 34666441 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201013-00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the auditory efficacy and subjective satisfaction of adhesive bone conduction hearing aid in children with unilateral congenital aural atresia (UCAA). Methods: Ten subjects (5 males and 5 females) diagnosed with UCAA with an average age of 8.3 years old (ranged from 5 to 15) were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to August 2019. The free sound field hearing threshold, word recognition score in quiet, speech reception threshold in noise and sound localization ability (results were measured by RMS error) tests were performed in unaided and aided situation, respectively. Subjective satisfaction questionnaires were also distributed to subjects. Paired t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used as statistical analysis methods. Results: The average hearing threshold in aided condition was improved by (21.9±4.4) dB (t=15.8,P<0.05). Speech recognition abilities were generally improved both under quiet and noise (P<0.05);however, when the binaural summation, squelch and head shadow effects were analyzed respectively, the binaural squelch effect was not statistically improved (P>0.05), while the other effects were improved in aided condition (P<0.05). In sound localization test, there was no significant difference of the RMS error value between the unaided and aided situation (P>0.05). The subjects got high satisfaction rates in three subjective questionnaires. Conclusion: The adhesive bone conduction hearing aid can provide significant audiological benefit for children with UCAA as well as raising the quality of their life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - P W Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M D Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C L Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - D N Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X X Fu
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - S Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
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30
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Noh JY, Kwak JE, Yang JS, Hwang SY, Yoon JG, Seong H, Hyun H, Lim CS, Yoon SY, Ryou J, Lee JY, Kim SS, Park SH, Cheong HJ, Kim WJ, Shin EC, Song JY. Longitudinal Assessment of Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses for Six Months Based on the Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:754-763. [PMID: 34467985 PMCID: PMC7989218 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is insufficient data on the longevity of immunity acquired after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. METHODS We aimed to evaluate the duration of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity according to the clinical severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study population comprised asymptomatic (n = 14), symptomatic/nonpneumonic (n = 42), and pneumonic (n = 41) patients. RESULTS The anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin class G and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers lasted until 6 months after diagnosis, with positivity rates of 66.7% and 86.9%, respectively. Older age, prolonged viral shedding, and accompanying pneumonia were more frequently found in patients with sustained humoral immunity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific T-cell response was strongly observed in pneumonic patients and prominent in individuals with sustained humoral immunity. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, most (>85%) patients carry NAb until 6 months after diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, providing insights for establishing vaccination strategies against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Noh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwak
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gu Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjun Hyun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Seung Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsang Ryou
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soon Kim
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim YS, Aigerim A, Park U, Kim Y, Park H, Rhee JY, Choi JP, Park WB, Park SW, Kim Y, Lim DG, Choi JY, Jeon YK, Yang JS, Lee JY, Shin HS, Cho NH. Sustained Responses of Neutralizing Antibodies Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Recovered Patients and Their Therapeutic Applicability. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e550-e558. [PMID: 32898238 PMCID: PMC7499518 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zoonotic coronaviruses have emerged as a global threat by causing fatal respiratory infections. Given the lack of specific antiviral therapies, application of human convalescent plasma retaining neutralizing activity could be a viable therapeutic option that can bridges this gap. Methods We traced antibody responses and memory B cells in peripheral blood collected from 70 recovered Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) patients for 3 years after the 2015 outbreak in South Korea. We also used a mouse infection model to examine whether the neutralizing activity of collected sera could provide therapeutic benefit in vivo upon lethal MERS-CoV challenge. Results Anti-spike-specific IgG responses, including neutralizing activity and antibody-secreting memory B cells, persisted for up to 3 years, especially in MERS patients who suffered from severe pneumonia. Mean antibody titers gradually decreased annually by less than 2-fold. Levels of antibody responses were significantly correlated with fever duration, viral shedding periods, and maximum viral loads observed during infection periods. In a transgenic mice model challenged with lethal doses of MERS-CoV, a significant reduction in viral loads and enhanced survival was observed when therapeutically treated with human plasma retaining a high neutralizing titer (> 1/5000). However, this failed to reduce pulmonary pathogenesis, as revealed by pathological changes in lungs and initial weight loss. Conclusions High titers of neutralizing activity are required for suppressive effect on the viral replication but may not be sufficient to reduce inflammatory lesions upon fatal infection. Therefore, immune sera with high neutralizing activity must be carefully selected for plasma therapy of zoonotic coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Sook Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdimadiyeva Aigerim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Uni Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoree Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Lim
- Center for Chronic Diseases, Research Institute, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Shik Shin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen PW, Zhao CL, Wang DN, Yang JS, Li Y, Zhao SQ. [Effect of γ-secretase inhibitor on middle ear ultrastructures in ovalbumin-mediated otitis media with effusion in rats]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:596-602. [PMID: 34256484 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210303-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the effect of the inhibitor of Notch signaling pathway-γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT on the ultrastructures of middle ear in the ovalbumin (OVA)-mediated allergic OME in vivo. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 250-300 g, were completely and randomly divided into three groups (5 rats, 10 ears in each group):(1)Control group(2)OME group(3)OME+DAPT group. Rats in the OME group underwent systemic and local sensitization by intraperitoneal and intratympanic injection of ovalbumin to make the model of OVA-induced OME. Rats in the control group were sensitized with PBS. On the basis of establishing the OME model, OME+DAPT group were intraperitoneal injected with DAPT (10 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days and were administered before intratympanic injection of ovalbumin. After the model was successfully established, endoscopy,H&E staining and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the histology and mucous-ciliary ultrastructures of the non-ciliated and ciliated mucosa in the middle ear of each group. One-way ANOVA and Tukey methods were used for statistical analysis. Results: H&E staining showed that the three groups had statistically significant differences in submucosal thickness both in non-ciliated and ciliated regions (non-ciliated area:(6.83±1.47)μm, (38.58±9.57)μm, (32.17±11.89)μm, respectively. F=107.9;cilia area:(26.69±3.22)μm, (30.41±6.75)μm, (26.76±4.06)μm, respectively. F=5.62,both P<0.01). The thickness of the submucosa in the non-ciliated area and the cilia area of the OME group were significantly thicker than that of control group (F=42.08 and 4.40,both P<0.05); the thickness of the non-ciliated area and the ciliated area in OME+DAPT group were reduced compared to OME group(F=1.55 and 2.77,both P<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the array of cilia on the middle ear mucosa was disorderly arranged and inversed, this phenomenon was relieved in the OME+DAPT group. The number of goblet cells in the control group, OME group, and OME+DAPT group were 9.87±1.92; 15.67±5.77; 10.33±1.99 respectively and the difference between them was statistically significant (F=11.43, P<0.01). The number of goblet cells in the OME group were significantly higher than those in the control group (F=9.00,P<0.01) and the number of goblet cells in the OME+DAPT group were decreased compared to those of OME group (F=8.41, P<0.01). Conclusions: The study demonstrates the pathological changes of the ultrastructure in middle ear in OVA-induced OME and the effect of the γ-secretase inhibitor on it. In OME group, the cilia are disorderly arranged and inversed, the number of goblet cell is increased and they are swelled which suggest the hypersecretion of the mucus. DAPT can regulate OVA-induced allergic inflammation and relieve pathological changes of ultrastructure in middle ear mucociliary transport system through alleviating submucosal inflammation, reducing the hypersecretion of goblet cell and the morphological damage of cilia through the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C L Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Youyi Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - D N Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
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Noh JY, Song JY, Hyun HJ, Yoon JG, Seong H, Cheong HJ, Yoon SY, Yang JS, Lee JY, Kim WJ. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in non-household clusters. J Infect 2021; 83:e22-e24. [PMID: 34116074 PMCID: PMC8186059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Noh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hak Jun Hyun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gu Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Wang DN, Wang BQ, Wang Y, Ren R, Chen PW, Yang JS, Zhao CL, Zhang QG, Zhao SQ. [Bonebridge implantation combined with simultaneous bilateral auricle reconstruction for bilateral congenital aural atresia]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:340-345. [PMID: 33832191 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200425-00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of auricle reconstruction combined with Bonebridge implantation for bilateral aural atresia patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for 36 cases(72 ears) who underwent Bonebridge implantation combined with bilateral auricle reconstruction from February 1, 2017 to January 15, 2020. All cases were bilateral congenital aural atresia and underwent Nagata auricle reconstruction for both sides simultaneously. Bonebridge implantations were performed during the second stage of auricle reconstruction. Results: All 36 patients healed well and had no surgical complications when discharged. The preoperative average bone conduction threshold of the patients was(8.5±5.8) dB HL and postoperative bone conduction threshold was (8.4±5.2) dB HL. There was no significant change after the implantation (P=0.724). The preoperative average air conduction threshold of was(64.9±7.4)dB HL and postoperative air conduction threshold was (24.0±5.3) dB HL, which had a significant change after the implantation (P<0.001). The hearing threshold with Bonebridge significantly decreased by 40.9 dB HL compared with the preoperative air conduction threshold(P<0.001). The speech recognition rate of monosyllable words, disyllabic words and short sentences in quiet environment increased by 62.5%, 63.5% and 72.2% respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The speech recognition rate of monosyllabic words, disyllabic words and short sentences in noise environment were significantly increased by 55.9%, 58.9% and 69.9% respectively (P<0.001). After a follow-up of 18.3 months in average, the hearing results were stable and the aesthetic outcomes were satisfied. One patient had implant rupture and healed after revision surgery. Conclusions: With an integrated surgical procedure, patients with bilateral congenital aural atresia can complete bilateral auricle reconstruction and hearing implantation within six months. This integrated surgical procedure is safe and efficient, with a stable hearing improvement and good appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - B Q Wang
- Department of Ear Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Ear Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - R Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - P W Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - C L Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Q G Zhang
- Department of Ear Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - S Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
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Yang JS, Yoo MG, Lee HJ, Jang HB, Jung HD, Nam JG, Lee JY, Jee Y, Kim SS. Factors Associated With Viral Load Kinetics of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus During the 2015 Outbreak in South Korea. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:1088-1092. [PMID: 32761054 PMCID: PMC7454697 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective study of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral load kinetics using data from patients hospitalized with MERS-CoV infection between 19 May and 20 August 2015. Viral load trajectories were considered over the hospitalization period using 1714 viral load results measured in serial respiratory specimens of 185 patients. The viral load levels were significantly higher among nonsurvivors than among survivors (P = .003). Healthcare workers (P = .001) and nonspreaders (P < .001) had significantly lower viral loads. Viral RNA was present on the day of symptom onset and peaked 4-10 days after symptom onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Yoo
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ja Lee
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Han Byul Jang
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Hee-Dong Jung
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Gu Nam
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Youngmee Jee
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, South Korea
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36
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Chen SY, Li Y, Yang JS, Yin XX. [Advances in researches of serotype 2 novel oral polio vaccine]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:413-417. [PMID: 33730837 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200514-00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In April 2016, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) adjusted its polio vaccination strategy, converting trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) into bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV), and withdrawing type 2 oral polio vaccine (OPV2) globally. However, after the withdrawal of OPV2, there were many outbreaks of type-2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) in Asia and Africa. In order to eradicate poliovirus completely, GPEI launched the research and development of the novel serotype 2 oral polio vaccine (nOPV2) in 2010 and considering whether it is necessary to reuse OPV. This paper summarizes the epidemiological situation of cVDPV2 before and after OPV2's withdrawal, the related factors affecting the reuse of OPV and the related research progress of nOPV2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - J S Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - X X Yin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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Kim M, Cho H, Lee SH, Park WJ, Kim JM, Moon JS, Kim GW, Lee W, Jung HG, Yang JS, Choi JH, Lee JY, Kim SS, Oh JW. An infectious cDNA clone of a growth attenuated Korean isolate of MERS coronavirus KNIH002 in clade B. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 9:2714-2726. [PMID: 33295839 PMCID: PMC7782039 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1861914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The MERS-CoV isolated during the 2015 nosocomial outbreak in Korea showed distinctive differences in mortality and transmission patterns compared to the prototype MERS-CoV EMC strain belonging to clade A. We established a BAC-based reverse genetics system for a Korean isolate of MERS-CoV KNIH002 in the clade B phylogenetically far from the EMC strain, and generated a recombinant MERS-CoV expressing red fluorescent protein. The virus rescued from the infectious clone and KNIH002 strain displayed growth attenuation compared to the EMC strain. Consecutive passages of the rescued virus rapidly generated various ORF5 variants, highlighting its genetic instability and calling for caution in the use of repeatedly passaged virus in pathogenesis studies and for evaluation of control measures against MERS-CoV. The infectious clone for the KNIH002 in contemporary epidemic clade B would be useful for better understanding of a functional link between molecular evolution and pathophysiology of MERS-CoV by comparative studies with EMC strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Kore
| | - Jeong-Min Kim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Su Moon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon-Woo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wooseong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Gwang Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Kore
| | - Jang-Hoon Choi
- Division of Viral Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Kore
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Oh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Hao DJ, Liu TJ, He BR, Yang JS, Zou P, Zhang ZP, Liu P, Zhang XF, Huang DG, Chen H, Li QD, Zhao YT. [Clinical observation of single-segment cervical adjacent segment disease treated with artificial cervical disc replacement]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:3590-3595. [PMID: 33333682 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200715-02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical outcomes and radiographic results of artificial cervical disc replacement (ACDR) for cervical adjacent segment disease (ASD). Methods: The clinical data of 28 patients with single-segment cervical ASD treated with ACDR in Xi 'an Honghui Hospital from December 2013 to July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 19 males and 9 females with a mean age of (46±7) years (36-63 years). Preoperative, postoperative 1 month and postoperative 24 months of clinical and radiographic outcomes were recorded and compared. The clinical outcome mainly includes Japanese orthopedic association (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI%), Odom score and complications. Imaging assessment mainly included range of motion (ROM) of cervical spine, surgical segment ROM, Cobb angle of surgical segment, degree of adjacent disc degeneration, heterotopic ossification, and prosthesis related image parameters. Results: In terms of clinical outcome, the average JOA score was 12.7±1.5 before surgery, 14.0±1.0 one month after surgery, 15.8±0.9 24 months after surgery, and the improvement rate of JOA was 75%±19%. The mean NDI% was 27.0%±2.8% before surgery, 20.5%±1.6% one month after surgery, and 15.3%±2.8% 24 months after surgery; the difference before and after treatment was statistically significant (F=159.101, P<0.01). Twenty patients were classified with excellent Odom score and 8 patients with good Odom score at the final follow-up. The total ROM of cervical spine, operation segment ROM, operation segment Cobb angle were all improved significantly after the operation (F=4.633, 6.063, 26.952, all P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in Miyazaki classification between adjacent discs above ACDR and below the fusion segment 24 months after surgery (μ(c)=2.12, P=0.034). The incidence of heterotopic ossification was 14.3%. The results of displacement degree of prosthesis were as follow: coronal plane (0.30±0.11) mm, sagittal plane (0.28±0.10) mm; subsidence of the prosthesis: (0.27±0.09) mm. No prosthesis loosening was observed. Conclusions: The clinical outcome of revision of cervical ASD by ACDR is satisfactory. The risk of intervertebral disc degeneration in adjacent segments is significantly lower than that of ACDF due to the presence of certain motor function postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - T J Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - B R He
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - P Zou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - X F Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - D G Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Q D Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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Peng J, Li KP, Jin JY, Yang JS, Zhang JL. [The 478 th case: multiple myalgia with intramuscular nodules]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:485-488. [PMID: 32486593 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20190705-00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A 28-year-old man was admitted to the first medical center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital because of multiple myalgia and intramuscular nodules for more than 2 months. The patient complained of dysphagia, fever and weight loss 2 months ago. Magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy revealed nodular fasciitis. Inflammatory indicators including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, platelet count and fibrinogen were slightly elevated. Urine occult blood was positive. Abdominal ultrasound revealed left hydronephrosis. Because nodular fasciitis could not explain the whole situation, a needle biopsy of intramuscular nodules was performed. Pathological examination revealed intramuscular metastatic adenocarcinoma with poor differentiation. Gastric endoscope and positron emission tomography-computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with extensive metastases of esophagus, lymph nodes, muscles, ureter and bone. Although chemotherapy was given, the patient died of disease progression six months later.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - K P Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Y Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the SARS-CoV-2 genome was reported recently, its transcriptomic architecture is unknown. Utilizing two complementary sequencing techniques, we present a high-resolution map of the SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome and epitranscriptome. DNA nanoball sequencing shows that the transcriptome is highly complex owing to numerous discontinuous transcription events. In addition to the canonical genomic and 9 subgenomic RNAs, SARS-CoV-2 produces transcripts encoding unknown ORFs with fusion, deletion, and/or frameshift. Using nanopore direct RNA sequencing, we further find at least 41 RNA modification sites on viral transcripts, with the most frequent motif, AAGAA. Modified RNAs have shorter poly(A) tails than unmodified RNAs, suggesting a link between the modification and the 3' tail. Functional investigation of the unknown transcripts and RNA modifications discovered in this study will open new directions to our understanding of the life cycle and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwan Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Kim
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - V Narry Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeshik Chang
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Choi JH, Woo HM, Lee TY, Lee SY, Shim SM, Park WJ, Yang JS, Kim JA, Yun MR, Kim DW, Kim SS, Zhang Y, Shi W, Wang L, Graham BS, Mascola JR, Wang N, McLellan JS, Lee JY, Lee H. Characterization of a human monoclonal antibody generated from a B-cell specific for a prefusion-stabilized spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232757. [PMID: 32384116 PMCID: PMC7209324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory infection and continues to infect humans, thereby contributing to a high mortality rate (34.3% in 2019). In the absence of an available licensed vaccine and antiviral agent, therapeutic human antibodies have been suggested as candidates for treatment. In this study, human monoclonal antibodies were isolated by sorting B cells from patient's PBMC cells with prefusion stabilized spike (S) probes and a direct immunoglobulin cloning strategy. We identified six receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific and five S1 (non-RBD)-specific antibodies, among which, only the RBD-specific antibodies showed high neutralizing potency (IC50 0.006-1.787 μg/ml) as well as high affinity to RBD. Notably, passive immunization using a highly potent antibody (KNIH90-F1) at a relatively low dose (2 mg/kg) completely protected transgenic mice expressing human DPP4 against MERS-CoV lethal challenge. These results suggested that human monoclonal antibodies isolated by using the rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV S probe could be considered potential candidates for the development of therapeutic and/or prophylactic antiviral agents for MERS-CoV human infection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/pharmacology
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/genetics
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/immunology
- Republic of Korea
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Vero Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hoon Choi
- Division of Viral Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Woo
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-young Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - So-young Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mu Shim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Ae Kim
- Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Yun
- Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Won Kim
- Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Division of Bacterial Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Wei Shi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Nanshuang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States of America
| | - Jason S. McLellan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States of America
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansaem Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease and Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Ma YY, Zhang LJ, Shi Y, Ma BZ, Wang WJ, Cao HL, Zhao JH, Zhang HY, Yang JS, Li YH, Feng HX, Peng ZB, Feng LZ, Xu LL. [A survey on the current status and related factors of influenza vaccination among health care workers in tertiary hospitals of Xining city during the influenza epidemic season from 2017 to 2018]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 53:1018-1021. [PMID: 31607048 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the current status and related factors of influenza vaccination among health care workers (HCWs) in tertiary hospitals of Xining city after the implementation of the free influenza vaccination policy. Methods: In August 2018, the cluster sampling method was used to select four medical institutions in Xining that had previously conducted investigations and interventions. All HCWs(excluding logistic staff) in each medical institution were included in the study. A total of 3 260 valid respondents were included. Questionnaires were used to collect the demographic characteristics, influenza and influenza vaccination awareness, implementation of free policy in the influenza epidemic season from 2017 to 2018, influenza vaccination status, awareness of influenza vaccination schedule and free policy. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors of influenza vaccination. Results: The age of respondents was (31.41±5.00) years. The influenza vaccination rate was 6.80% (226/3 260) in 2017-2018 influenza epidemic season. After controlling for related factors, the awareness of the influenza vaccination schedule (OR=17.05, 95%CI: 5.86-49.59), vaccination frequency (OR=8.22, 95%CI: 2.98-22.61) and the free policy (OR=3.15, 95%CI: 1.49-6.67) had higher vaccination rate. Conclusion: The influenza vaccination rate of HCWs in tertiary hospitals of Xining city was low. Increasing the awareness of the vaccination schedule, frequency and free policy may promote the influenza vaccination rate of HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Ma
- Business Administration Department, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - L J Zhang
- China Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing102206, China
| | - Y Shi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - B Z Ma
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - W J Wang
- Business Administration Department, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - H L Cao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - J H Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - J S Yang
- Occupational Diseases and Public Health Institutions, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - Y H Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - H X Feng
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | - Z B Peng
- Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Z Feng
- Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L L Xu
- Division of Infectious Disease, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
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Ni WJ, Yu SF, Yang JS, Zhang WC, Zhou ZM, Zhang HX, Chen DF, Feng QF, Lyu JM, Liang J, Wang XZ, Wang X, Deng L, Wang WQ, Zhang T, Bi N, Xiao ZF. [Study on safety of adjuvant radiotherapy concurrent with weekly chemotherapy for stage ⅡB-ⅣA esophageal carcinoma after radical resection]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:415-420. [PMID: 31216826 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the tolerability and short-term efficacy of chemo-radiotherapy in 125 patients with stage ⅡB-ⅣA esophageal carcinoma after radical resection. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the rate of completion, toxicity and survival of patients undergoing adjuvant concurrent chemo-radiotherapy after radical resection of esophageal carcinoma from January 2004 to December 2014 in our institution. The survival rate was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed using the log-rank test. Multivariate prognostic analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: 122 patients received more than 50 Gy dose (97.6%). A total of 52 patients received more than 5 weeks chemo-radiotherapy (41.6%), while 73 patients underwent only 1-4 weeks (58.4%). The median following up was 48.4 months. 8 patients lost follow up (6.4%). The 1-year and 3-year overall survival rate were 91.6% and 57.0%, respectively, with a median survival time of 64.4 months. The 1-year and 3-year disease free survival rate were 73.2% and 54.3%, respectively, with a median disease free survival time of 59.1 months. The most common acute complications associated with chemo-radiotherapy were myelosuppression, radiation esophagitis and radiation dermatitis, the majority of which were Grade 1-2. Of the 125 patients, there were 59 cases of recurrence, including 23 cases with local regional recurrence, 26 cases with hematogenous metastasis, and 8 cases with mixed recurrence. Univariate analysis showed that the numbers of concurrent chemotherapy was associated with the overall survival (P=0.006). But receiving more than 5 weeks was not the prognostic factor compared to 1 to 4 weeks chemotherapy (P=0.231). Multivariate analysis showed that only the numbers of concurrent chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor (P=0.010). Conclusions: Postoperative radiotherapy concurrent with weekly chemotherapy could improve the overall survival and decrease the recurrence for stage ⅡB-ⅣA esophageal carcinoma after radical resection. However, the completion rate of chemotherapy was low, so it was necessary to explore reasonable regimens to improve the completion rate and carry out prospective randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Ni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S F Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - W C Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Z M Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H X Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - D F Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q F Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J M Lyu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W Q Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z F Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Han P, Peng J, Ji XJ, Zhao QQ, Yang JS, Zhu J, Huang F, Zhang JL. [The effect of arthroscopic synovectomy on refractory knee arthritis with popliteal cyst in 153 patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2019; 58:439-443. [PMID: 31159523 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of arthroscopic synovectomy on refractory knee arthritis complicated with popliteal cyst. Methods: Patients diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondyloarthritis (SpA) with refractory knee arthritis who underwent knee arthroscopic synovectomy in our hospital from 2010 to 2017 were enrolled, including 20 patients (16 RA, 4 SpA) with popliteal cyst. Clinical data, RA disease activity score (DAS28), SpA back pain score, etc, were collected to evaluate the efficacy of knee surgery. Results: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [58(17, 79)mm/1h vs. 19(9, 30)mm/1h, P< 0.001],C reactive protein (CRP) [3.72(0.92,8.14) mg/L vs. 0.85(0.10,3.08) mg/L,P<0.001], rheumatoid factor [64.6(20.2,193.3) vs. 20.5(10.0,58.4),P<0.001], DAS28 score(4.67±1.25 vs. 2.81±1.23,P<0.001), knee joint discomfort score [5(4,6) vs. 2(1,3),P<0.001] and the volume of knee joint effusion by ultrasound (P<0.05) in 95 RA patients were significantly decreased compared to those before operation. ESR [27(12,54)mm/1h vs. 20 (16,28) mm/1 h,P<0.001], CRP [3.27(1.06,6.95) mg/L vs. 1.41(0.34,3.03)mg/L,P<0.001],knee discomfort score [2(0,5) vs. 1(0,3),P<0.05], back pain visual analogue score (VAS) [5(4,5) vs. 2(1,3), P<0.001], and the volume of knee joint effusion by ultrasound (P<0.001) in 58 SpA patients were significantly lower than those before the operation.The rate [16.84%(16/95) vs. 6.32%(6/95),P=0.023] and grading (P=0.007) of popliteal cyst in RA were decreased after the operation. No statistically difference was observed in the rate [6.90% (4/58) vs. 5.17%(3/58), P=0.697] of popliteal cyst in patients with SpA, yet with a trend of decrease in 4 patients. Conclusion: This study provide evidence that knee arthroscopic synovectomy has a good effect for refractory knee arthritis, which can reduce disease activity, improve joint symptoms and decrease the grading of popliteal cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Han
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Dou JM, Wang DN, Zhao SQ, Li Y, Ma XB, Chen PW, Yang JS. [Congenital microtia with aural atresia or stenosis accompany with first branchial cleft anomaly: report of 5 cases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 54:349-354. [PMID: 31137094 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the experience of the diagnosis, treatment and effects of the cases with coexistence of first branchial cleft anomaly(FBCA) and microtia with congenital aural atresia or stenosis(external auditory canal stenosis, EACS). Method: This was a retrospective study. The clinical data of 5 patients with microtia and EACS in Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2015 to March 2018 were collected, including 3 males and 2 females, aged from 5 to 28 years. The clinical characteristics, imaging findings, treatment methods and effects of 5 patients were analyzed. Result: The 5 cases were all coexistence of EACS and FBCA, three of who associated with cholesteatoma of external auditory canal. CT showed external auditory canal stenosis with soft tissue shadow, sometimes gas or bone septum found inside, filling in the external auditory canal, combined with canal bone destruction irregularly. All patients underwent surgical resection of FBCA, 3 patients accompanied by cholesteatoma resection and canalplasty. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 10 to 39 months, and no recurrence of infection was observed. Conclusions: EACS and FBCA both result from maldevelopment of the first branchial cleft. These two malformations, FBCA and EACS with or without cholesteatoma, can occur simultaneously, in which situation CT shows external auditory canal stenosis with soft tissue shadow inside. These patients underwent surgical resection of FBCA combined with cholesteatoma resection with good result.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Dou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - D N Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X B Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - P W Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
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Yang JS, Zhang LJ, Feng LZ, Zhao JH, Ma YY, Xu LL. [Influenza vaccination and its influencing factors among clinical staff of the hospitals in 2016-2017 season, Xining, Qinghai province, China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:1066-1070. [PMID: 30180429 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influenza vaccination and its influencing factors among the clinical staff in Xining, Qinghai province, in the 2016-2017 influenza season, and to explore the promoting strategies to encourage the target population for influenza vaccination. Methods: Four sample hospitals were randomly selected from the total 11 tertiary hospitals in Xining city. Clinical staff that worked in the four hospitals and agreed to participate were recruited for investigation via a self-administered questionnaire. Results: During the 2016-2017 influenza season, the coverage rate of influenza vaccines among the clinical staff was 5.14% (95%CI: 4.80%-5.49%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that knowing the priority of vaccination, the frequency of vaccination, effect of vaccination, and possessing higher professional qualifications were major influencing factors for influenza vaccination. The intention on recommendation of seasonal influenza vaccine was higher in vaccinated group than that in the unvaccinated group (χ(2)=99.57, P<0.001). Conclusion: The lower coverage rate was primarily associated with the lack of knowledge about influenza vaccine among the clinical staff of the hospital. Tailored information should be provided to the clinical staff through effective methods to improve vaccination and the recommendation of influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Department of Public Health, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810010, China
| | - L J Zhang
- Department of Field Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Z Feng
- Department of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control , Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J H Zhao
- Department of Epidemic Prevention, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810010, China
| | - Y Y Ma
- Department of Epidemic Prevention, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810010, China
| | - L L Xu
- Department of Epidemic Prevention, Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810010, China
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Ye H, Huang T, Ying ZF, Li GL, Che YC, Zhao ZM, Wang JF, Yang XL, Shi L, Jiang RJ, Liu XC, Mo ZJ, Li CG, Yang JS. [Comparing the immunogenicity and safety of sequential inoculation of sIPV followed by bOPV (Ⅰ+Ⅲ) in different dosage forms]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 52:43-49. [PMID: 29334707 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the safety and immunogenicity of two different sequential schedules of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine made from Sabin strain (sIPV) followed by typeⅠ+Ⅲ bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) in Drug Candy (DC) form or liquid dosage form). Methods: This randomized, blinded, single center, parallel-group controlled trial was done from September 2015 to June 2016 in Liuzhou, Guangxi province. Healthy infants aged ≥2 months were eligible for enrollment and divided into 1sIPV+2bOPV or 2sIPV+1bOPV sequential schedules. According to the bOPV dosage form each sequential schedules, the subjects again were divided into drug candy(DC) form or liquid dosage form group, being 1sIPV+bOPV (DC)/1sIPV+2bOPV(liquid)/2sIPV+1bOPV(DC)/2sIPV+1bOPV(liquid). According to 0, 28, 56 d immunization schedule, Each group were given 3 doses. We recorded adverse events during the clinical trial (399 participants who receive at least one dose). 28 days post-Dose 3, we receive a total of 350 blood samples (excluding the quitters or subjects against trial plan), using cell culture trace against polio virus neutralization test Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ neutralizing antibody (GMT), calculating the antibody positive rate.PolioⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ antibody titers were assessed by virus-neutralizing antibody assay and the seroconversion (4-fold increase in titer) from pre-Dose 1 to 28 days post-Dose 3 was calculated (total 350 samples) . Results: During the vaccination, the incidence of AEs in 1sIPV+2bOPV(DC), 1sIPV+2bOPV (liquid), 2sIPV+1bOPV(DC), 2sIPV+1bOPV (liquid) group were 79%, 76%, 80% and 74% (χ(2)=1.23, P=0.747) , respectively. The severe AEs in groups were 6%, 5%, 6% and 4% (χ(2)=0.57, P=0.903) , respectively, and none was considered to be vaccination related. 28 days after 3(rd) vaccination, the seroconversion rates in 1sIPV+2bOPV (DC), 1sIPV+2bOPV (liquid), 2sIPV+1bOPV (DC), 2sIPV+1bOPV (liquid) group, were 99%, 100%, 99% and 99% (χ(2)=0.94, P=0.815) , respectively, for type Ⅰ poliovirus; and 47%, 57%, 80%, 79% (χ(2)=31.56, P<0.001) , respectively, for type Ⅱ; and were 100%, 99%, 100%, 99% (χ(2)=2.02, P=0.568) , respectively, for type Ⅲ. In each group, the GMT of antibody against poliovirus typeⅠ were 4 539.68, 6 243.43, 6 819.53 and 7 916.29 (F=25.87, P<0.001) , respectively; Type Ⅱ were 12.98, 10.54, 63.75 and 84.21 (F=8.68, P=0.034) , respectively; Type Ⅲ were 1 172.55, 1 416.03, 2 648.89 and 3 250.75 (F=14.50, P=0.002) , respectively. Conclusion: On the same sequential schedules, there was no significant difference between the dosage forms, all of them showed good safety and immunogenicity. In the same dosage forms with different sequential schedules, the seroconversion rate was higher in 2 dose sIPV group than the 1 dose sIPV group, especially at the neutralizing antibody GMT level against polio type Ⅱ and Ⅲ after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ye
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Pekin Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - T Huang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Division of Vaccine Clinical Trial, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Z F Ying
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Division of Respiratory Virus Vaccines, Beijing 100050, China
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Song YJ, Yang JS, Yoon HJ, Nam HS, Lee SY, Cheong HK, Park WJ, Park SH, Choi BY, Kim SS, Ki M. Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus infection using a serologic survey in Korea. Epidemiol Health 2018; 40:e2018014. [PMID: 29656631 PMCID: PMC5968208 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2018014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The rates of asymptomatic infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus vary. A serologic study was conducted to determine the asymptomatic MERS infection rate in healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers by exposure status. METHODS Study participants were selected from contacts of MERS patients based on a priority system in 4 regions strongly affected by the 2015 MERS outbreak. A sero-epidemiological survey was performed in 1,610 contacts (average duration from exposure to test, 4.8 months), and the collected sera were tested using an enzyme-linked immunespecific assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and plaque reduction neutralization antibody test (PRNT). Among the 1,610 contacts, there were 7 ELISA-positive cases, of which 1 exhibited positive IFA and PRNT results. RESULTS The asymptomatic infection rate was 0.060% (95% confidence interval, 0.002 to 0.346). The asymptomatic MERS case was a patient who had been hospitalized with patient zero on the same floor of the hospital at the same time. The case was quarantined at home for 2 weeks after discharge, and had underlying diseases, including hypertension, angina, and degenerative arthritis. CONCLUSIONS The asymptomatic infection was acquired via healthcare-associated transmission. Thus, it is necessary to extend serologic studies to include inpatient contacts who have no symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Jun Song
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | - Hae-Sung Nam
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soon Young Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Kwan Cheong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Han Park
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Moran Ki
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Eom H, Park Y, Kim J, Yang JS, Kang H, Kim K, Chun BC, Park O, Hong JI. Occurrence of measles in a country with elimination status: Amplifying measles infection in hospitalized children due to imported virus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0188957. [PMID: 29447169 PMCID: PMC5813900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Republic of Korea declared measles elimination in 2006. However, a measles outbreak occurred in 2013. This study aimed to identify the epidemiological characteristics of the sources of infection and the pattern of measles transmission in 2013 in South Korea. We utilized surveillance data, epidemiological data, immunization registry data, and genetic information. We describe the epidemiological characteristics of all measles case patients (sex, age distribution, vaccination status, sources of infection) as well as details of the outbreak (the pattern of transmission, duration, mean age of patients, and generation time). In 2013, a total of 107 measles cases were notified. Most patients were infants (43.0%) and unvaccinated individuals (60.7%). We identified 4 imported and 103 import-related cases. A total of 105 cases were related to four outbreaks that occurred in Gyeongnam, northern Gyeonggi, southern Gyeonggi, and Seoul. The predominant circulating genotype was B3 type, which was identified in the Gyeongnam, northern Gyeonggi, and southern Gyeonggi outbreaks. The B3 type had not been in circulation in South Korea in the previous 3 years; virologic evidence suggests that these outbreaks were import-related. Most measles cases in South Korea have been associated with imported measles virus. Although Korea has maintained a high level of herd immunity, clustering of susceptible people can cause such measles outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeEun Eom
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungJoon Park
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - JooWhee Kim
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Division of Respiratory Viruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - HaeJi Kang
- Division of Respiratory Viruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisoon Kim
- Division of Respiratory Viruses, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University Medical College, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Ok Park
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ik Hong
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Chen PW, Li J, Zhao SQ, Yang JS, Dou JM, Wei CY. [The treatment efficiency of a new ear moding device in the infants with congenital ear abnormalities]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:849-853. [PMID: 29775000 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To observe the nonsurgical treatment effciency of a new ear moding device on congenital auricle deformities in order to promote clinical application. Method:Twenty-nine patients (38 ears) from Beijing Tongren Hospital Outpatient received ear molding treatment using the EarWell Infant Ear Correction System. We keep regular follow-up and close observation during the moding period. The treatment effciency was judged by the otologist, plastic surgeons and parents based on the preprocedure and postprocedure photographs and divided into 3 grades: excellent, good and poor. Result:Twenty-nine patients (38 ears) including prominent ear, 2 ears; cup ear,7 ears; lidding/lop ear deformities, 4 ears; Stahl's ear, 4 ears; helical rim abnormalities, 4 ears; conchal crus ear, 3 ears, mixed ear deformities 4 ears; cryptotia, 5 ears; ear malformation, 5 ears, 2 patients (2 ears) stop moding after 3 days treatment due to the low compliance of the infants, the remaining 36 ears received ear molding all have improved. The success rate of the EarWell Infant Ear Correction System is more than 94% (good to excellent). Conclusion:EarWell Infant Ear Correction System have a significant moding effect and can achieve satisfactory results in early time. EarWell system has a high success rate in the treatment of neonatal auricle deformations and mild auricle malformations, depending on the severity of the deformations and the initiation of treatment time. The sooner the noninvasive moding begins (especially within one week after birth), the better effect and the shorter treatment time the patients will achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - S Q Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - J S Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - J M Dou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - C Y Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
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