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He Y, Zhou X, Jia Z, Zhou L, Chen H, Liu R, Du Z, Zhou G, Shao J, Ding J, Chen K, Hartley IP. Apparent thermal acclimation of soil heterotrophic respiration mainly mediated by substrate availability. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:1178-1187. [PMID: 36371668 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple lines of existing evidence suggest that increasing CO2 emission from soils in response to rising temperature could accelerate global warming. However, in experimental studies, the initial positive response of soil heterotrophic respiration (RH ) to warming often weakens over time (referred to apparent thermal acclimation). If the decreased RH is driven by thermal adaptation of soil microbial community, the potential for soil carbon (C) losses would be reduced substantially. In the meanwhile, the response could equally be caused by substrate depletion, and would then reflect the gradual loss of soil C. To address uncertainties regarding the causes of apparent thermal acclimation, we carried out sterilization and inoculation experiments using the soil samples from an alpine meadow with 6 years of warming and nitrogen (N) addition. We demonstrate that substrate depletion, rather than microbial adaptation, determined the response of RH to long-term warming. Furthermore, N addition appeared to alleviate the apparent acclimation of RH to warming. Our study provides strong empirical support for substrate availability being the cause of the apparent acclimation of soil microbial respiration to temperature. Thus, these mechanistic insights could facilitate efforts of biogeochemical modeling to accurately project soil C stocks in the future climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui He
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenggang Du
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Ding
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Kelong Chen
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographic Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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2
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Shao J, Zhou X, Zhang P, Zhai D, Yuan T, Li Z, He Y, McDowell NG. Embolism resistance explains mortality and recovery of five subtropical evergreen broadleaf trees to persistent drought. Ecology 2023; 104:e3877. [PMID: 36178039 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests (SEBF) are experiencing and expected to suffer more frequent and severe drought events. However, how the hydraulic traits directly link to the mortality and recovery of SEBF trees remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a drought-rewatering experiment on tree seedlings of five dominant species to investigate how the hydraulic traits were related to tree mortality and the resistance and recovery of photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) under different drought severities. Species with greater embolism resistance (P50 ) survived longer than those with a weaker P50 . However, there was no general hydraulic threshold associated with tree mortality, with the lethal hydraulic failure varying from 64% to 93% loss of conductance. The photosynthesis and transpiration of tree species with a greater P50 were more resistant to and recovered faster from drought than those with lower P50 . Other plant traits could not explain the interspecific variation in tree mortality and drought resistance and recovery. These results highlight the unique importance of embolism resistance in driving carbon and water processes under persistent drought across different trees in SEBFs. The absence of multiple efficient drought strategies in SEBF seedlings implies the difficulty of natural seedling regeneration under future droughts, which often occurs after destructive disturbances (e.g., extreme drought events and typhoon), suggesting that this biome may be highly vulnerable to co-occurring climate extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiong Shao
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Deping Zhai
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Tengfei Yuan
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanghui He
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Nate G McDowell
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Lab, Richland, Washington, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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3
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Wu Q, Yue K, Ma Y, Heděnec P, Cai Y, Chen J, Zhang H, Shao J, Chang SX, Li Y. Contrasting effects of altered precipitation regimes on soil nitrogen cycling at the global scale. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:6679-6695. [PMID: 36002993 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in precipitation regimes can strongly affect soil nitrogen (N) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, whether altered precipitation regimes may differentially affect soil N cycling between arid and humid biomes at the global scale is unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis using 1036 pairwise observations collected from 194 publications to assess the effects of increased and decreased precipitation on the input (N return from plants), storage (various forms of N in soil), and output (gaseous N emissions) of soil N in arid versus humid biomes at the global scale. We found that (1) increased precipitation significantly increased N input (+12.1%) and output (+34.9%) but decreased N storage (-13.7%), while decreased precipitation significantly decreased N input (-10.7%) and output (-34.8%) but increased N storage (+11.1%); (2) the sensitivity of soil N cycling to increased precipitation was higher in arid regions than in humid regions, while that to decreased precipitation was lower in arid regions than in humid regions; (3) the effect of altered precipitation regimes on soil N cycling was independent of precipitation type (i.e., rainfall vs. snowfall); and (4) the mean annual precipitation regulated soil N cycling in precipitation alteration experiments at the global scale. Overall, our results clearly show that the response of soil N cycling to increased versus decreased precipitation differs between arid and humid regions, indicating the uneven effect of climate change on soil N cycling between these two contrasting climate regions. This implies that ecosystem models need to consider the differential responses of N cycling to altered precipitation regimes in different climatic conditions under future global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yue
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Petr Heděnec
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Shao J, Li G, Li Y, Zhou X. Intraspecific responses of plant productivity and crop yield to experimental warming: A global synthesis. Sci Total Environ 2022; 840:156685. [PMID: 35714738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining plant productivity and crop yield in a warming world requires local adaptation to new environment and selection of high-yield cultivars, which both depend on the genetically-based intraspecific differences in the plant response to warming (referred to as "genetically-based intraspecific responses"). However, how the genetically-based intraspecific responses mediate warming effects on plants remains unclear, especially at the global scale. Here, a dataset was compiled from 118 common-garden experiments to examine the responses of plant growth, productivity, and crop yield to warming among different ecotypes/genotypes/cultivars. Our results showed that the genetically-based intraspecific responses on average accounted for 34.7 % of the total variance in the warming responses across all the studies but with large variability (2 %-77 %). The intraspecific responses of plant productivity and crop yield were larger than those of organ level traits and biomass allocation, suggesting that plant growth was mainly achieved by iterating the relatively invariant terminal modules (e.g., leaves). The warming-induced changes in intraspecific variability of aboveground biomass were larger in woody plants, non-leguminous herbs, perennial herbs and noncrops than those in nonwoody, leguminous, annual and crop ones, respectively, indicating the potential important role of plant longevity in mediating the change in intraspecific variability. Moreover, larger intraspecific responses reduced the consistence of relative performance between control and warming treatments for both plant productivity and crop yield. These results highlight the unneglectable role of genetically-based intraspecific differences in plant responses to warming, indicating the difficulty of maintaining high crop yield and tree productivity under global climate change, and posing a grave threat to the food security and wood supply in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Gaobo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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5
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Zhou G, Zhou X, Liu R, Du Z, Zhou L, Li S, Liu H, Shao J, Wang J, Nie Y, Gao J, Wang M, Zhang M, Wang X, Bai SH. Soil fungi and fine root biomass mediate drought‐induced reductions in soil respiration. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiyao Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai China
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Zhenggang Du
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai China
| | - Songsong Li
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Yuanyuan Nie
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jie Gao
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Minhuang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded) College of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Xihua Wang
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Environmental Futures Research Institute School of Environment and Science Griffith University Nathan Qld Australia
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6
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Hu Z, Chen HYH, Yue C, Gong XY, Shao J, Zhou G, Wang J, Wang M, Xia J, Li Y, Zhou X, Michaletz ST. Traits mediate drought effects on wood carbon fluxes. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:3429-3442. [PMID: 32215999 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CO2 fluxes from wood decomposition represent an important source of carbon from forest ecosystems to the atmosphere, which are determined by both wood traits and climate influencing the metabolic rates of decomposers. Previous studies have quantified the effects of moisture and temperature on wood decomposition, but these effects were not separated from the potential influence of wood traits. Indeed, it is not well understood how traits and climate interact to influence wood CO2 fluxes. Here, we examined the responses of CO2 fluxes from dead wood with different traits (angiosperm and gymnosperm) to 0%, 35%, and 70% rainfall reduction across seasonal temperature gradients. Our results showed that drought significantly decreased wood CO2 fluxes, but its effects varied with both taxonomical group and drought intensity. Drought-induced reduction in wood CO2 fluxes was larger in angiosperms than gymnosperms for the 35% rainfall reduction treatment, but there was no significant difference between these groups for the 70% reduction treatment. This is because wood nitrogen density and carbon quality were significantly higher in angiosperms than gymnosperms, yielding a higher moisture sensitivity of wood decomposition. These findings were demonstrated by a significant positive interaction effect between wood nitrogen and moisture on CO2 fluxes in a structural equation model. Additionally, we ascertained that a constant temperature sensitivity of CO2 fluxes was independent of wood traits and consistent with previous estimates for extracellular enzyme kinetics. Our results highlight the key role of wood traits in regulating drought responses of wood carbon fluxes. Given that both climate and forest management might extensively modify taxonomic compositions in the future, it is critical for carbon cycle models to account for such interactions between wood traits and climate in driving dynamics of wood decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Hu
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiao Ying Gong
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhuang Wang
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Xia
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Sean T Michaletz
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Jiang YS, Chen X, Xu M, Qiu ZB, Wang LM, Shao JJ, Qi HY. [Clinical analysis of surgical treatment of post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm: a series of 254 patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:369-374. [PMID: 32393004 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200203-00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the efficacy of two surgical procedures on post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm. Methods: The clinic data of 254 patients with post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm, who underwent surgical ventricular reconstruction between January 1997 and December 2019 in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University was analyzed retrospectively. There were 183 males and 71 females aged from 31 to 81 years, with a median age of 64.6 years. Based on the size of the ventricular aneurysm, there were 73 patient received linear reconstruction (linear group) and 181 patients received endoventricular patch plasty technique (patch plasty group). Ejection fraction, left ventricular systolic and end diastolic volume and left ventricular systolic and end diastolic volume index were recorded preoperatively, 2-week, 3-month, 1-year and 5-year after operation. The survival curves were plotted with Kaplan-Meier method and the survival rates were compared by Log-rank test. Results: All patients underwent surgery with a mean cardiopulmonay bypass duration of (92±32) minutes (44 to 196 minutes) and aortic cross clamp duration of (67±22) minutes (33 to 152 minutes).There were 9 perioperative deaths with a mortality rate of 3.5%. Angina pectoris of other cases are relief and heart function improved greatly. Five years after operation, the percentage of cardiac function (New Yord Heart Association) class Ⅲ to Ⅳ patients decreased from 96.1%(244/254) to 9.9%(16/161). There was no significant difference in survival rate between linear group and patch plasty group at 1-, 3-, 5-years postoperatively (96%, 91%, 77% vs. 96%, 90%, 79%, P=0.562). Ejection fraction increased from (39±10)% (range: 22% to 50%) preoperatively to (46±6)% (range: 39% to 54%) 1-year postoperatively in the linear group, while increased from (38±13)% (range: 26% to 51%) preoperatively to (50±6)% (range: 39% to 55%) in the patch plasty group. Conclusions: Left ventricular reconstruction is quite effective for patients with post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm. The choice of operative approaches is determined by the size and range of ventricular aneurysm. Both linear reconstruction and endoventricular patch plasty technique can got similarly surgical outcomes with near and late curative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Z B Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - L M Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - J J Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - H Y Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Cardiovascular Hospital, Nanjing 210006, China
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8
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Guo-Fang P, Yan-Zhong C, Chun-Lin F, Jin-Jie Z, Xue-Min L, Chu XG, Duan WZ, Gao XM, Hu XZ, Kamel A, Kubinec R, Lin AQ, Lin LY, Liu SM, Papadopoulou-Mourkidou E, Mu J, Pan JW, Pardue JR, Parfitt CH, Pavoni G, Saleh MA, Shao JJ, Song WB, Tahotna S, Tekel J, Tsai MC, Wang DN, Wang KO, Wong SS, Yu JX, Zhou Y, Zhu GN. Multiresidue Gas Chromatographic Method for Determining Synthetic Pyrethroid Pesticides in Agricultural Products: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/82.1.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fourteen laboratories from 6 countries and regions participated in an international collaborative study to evaluate a multiresidue gas chromatographic (GC) method for determining 8 synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in grains, fruits, and vegetables. The study design was based on Youden’s matched-pairs principle for collaborative tests of analytical methods. Each laboratory analyzed 12 collaborative samples of wheat, oranges, and tomatoes as blind samples. Wheat samples were extracted with acetonitrile–water (2 + 1), while orange and tomato samples were extracted with acetone. Residues were partitioned into hexane, evaporated to dryness with a rotary evaporator, and then dissolved in hexane. The hexane extract was partitioned with acetonitrile and cleaned up on a 5% water-deactivated Florisil column with 6% ethyl ether in hexane as eluant. Residue concentrations were determined by GC with electron capture detection with split-less injection by comparison with single-point calibration standards. The appropriate standard concentration was determined by screening sample extracts before analysis. The multiresidue method was tested over the concentration range of 0.0951.909 mg/kg depending on the 8 different of pesticides and agricultural products analyzed in the collaborative study. Statistical analysis of data from 13 laboratories showed weighted average recoveries for 8 pyrethroids in wheat, oranges, and tomatoes at 0.105–1.909,0.095–1.909, and 0.105–0.954 mg/kg, respectively, ranging from 91.8 to 100.2%, from 88.1 to 100.6%, and from 88.2 to 101.5%, respectively. Reproducibility relative standard deviation values ranged from 6.46 to 17.74%, from 5.94 to 18.13%, and from 5.59 to 10.48%, respectively. Repeatability relative standard deviation values ranged from 6.34 to 10.84%, from 5.19 to 11.72%, and from 3.20 to 8.09%, respectively. The multiresidue GC method for determining synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in agricultural products has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang Guo-Fang
- Qinhuangdao Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, 61 Haibin Rd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.C. 066002, People's Republic of China
| | - Cao Yan-Zhong
- Qinhuangdao Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, 61 Haibin Rd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.C. 066002, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Chun-Lin
- Qinhuangdao Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, 61 Haibin Rd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.C. 066002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Jin-Jie
- Qinhuangdao Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, 61 Haibin Rd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.C. 066002, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xue-Min
- Qinhuangdao Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, 61 Haibin Rd, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, P.C. 066002, People's Republic of China
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9
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Shao J, Yuan T, Li Z, Li N, Liu H, Bai SH, Xia J, Lu M, Zhou X. Plant evolutionary history mainly explains the variance in biomass responses to climate warming at a global scale. New Phytol 2019; 222:1338-1351. [PMID: 30664250 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary history shapes the interspecific relatedness and intraspecific variation, which has a profound influence on plant functional traits and productivity. However, it is far from clear how the phylogenetic relatedness among species and intraspecific variation could contribute to the observed variance in plant biomass responses to climate warming. We compiled a dataset with 284 species from warming experiments to explore the relative importance of phylogenetic, intraspecific, experimental and ecological factors to warming effects on plant biomass, using phylogenetic eigenvector regression and variance decomposition. Our results showed that phylogenetic relatedness could account for about half the total variance in biomass responses to warming, which were correlated with leaf economic traits at the family level but not at species level. The intraspecific variation contributed to approximately one-third of the variance, whereas the experimental design and ecological characteristics only explained 7-17%. These results suggest that intrinsic factors (evolutionary history) play more important roles than extrinsic factors (experimental treatment and environment) in determining the responses of plant biomass to warming at the global scale. This highlights the urgent need for land surface models to include evolutionary aspects in predicting ecosystem functions under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tengfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Qld, 4558, Australia
| | - Jianyang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, 21037, USA
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China
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Zhou G, Zhou X, Nie Y, Bai SH, Zhou L, Shao J, Cheng W, Wang J, Hu F, Fu Y. Drought-induced changes in root biomass largely result from altered root morphological traits: Evidence from a synthesis of global field trials. Plant Cell Environ 2018; 41:2589-2599. [PMID: 29879755 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Extreme drought is likely to become more frequent and intense as a result of global climate change, which may significantly impact plant root traits and responses (i.e., morphology, production, turnover, and biomass). However, a comprehensive understanding of how drought affects root traits and responses remains elusive. Here, we synthesized data from 128 published studies under field conditions to examine the responses of 17 variables associated with root traits to drought. Our results showed that drought significantly decreased root length and root length density by 38.29% and 11.12%, respectively, but increased root diameter by 3.49%. However, drought significantly increased root:shoot mass ratio and root cortical aerenchyma by 13.54% and 90.7%, respectively. Our results suggest that drought significantly modified root morphological traits and increased root mortality, and the drought-induced decrease in root biomass was less than shoot biomass, causing higher root:shoot mass ratio. The cascading effects of drought on root traits and responses may need to be incorporated into terrestrial biosphere models to improve prediction of the climate-biosphere feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyao Zhou
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Nie
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, and Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Genecology, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Australia
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weisong Cheng
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuling Fu
- Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, The Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Abstract
Context weighting is an important technology for genome compression. In this study, we discuss the relationship between the weighting of context models and the weighting of the description lengths corresponding to their respective context models. It indicates that weighting of context models is equivalent to the weighting of their description lengths. With these discussions, we present the weights optimization algorithm based on the minimum description length, and suggest implementing the least-square algorithm for the optimization of the weights. The proposed optimization algorithm is used in the compression of bacterial genome sequences. The experiment results indicate that by using the proposed weights optimization method, our context weighting-based genome compression algorithm can achieve better performance than context weighting-based algorithms reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Department of Electronics, , , China.,Information Security College, , , China
| | - J J Shao
- Science and Technology College, , , China
| | - X M Jia
- Information Security College, , , China
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12
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Zhou G, Zhou X, He Y, Shao J, Hu Z, Liu R, Zhou H, Hosseinibai S. Grazing intensity significantly affects belowground carbon and nitrogen cycling in grassland ecosystems: a meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol 2017; 23:1167-1179. [PMID: 27416555 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Livestock grazing activities potentially alter ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in grassland ecosystems. Despite the fact that numerous individual studies and a few meta-analyses had been conducted, how grazing, especially its intensity, affects belowground C and N cycling in grasslands remains unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of 115 published studies to examine the responses of 19 variables associated with belowground C and N cycling to livestock grazing in global grasslands. Our results showed that, on average, grazing significantly decreased belowground C and N pools in grassland ecosystems, with the largest decreases in microbial biomass C and N (21.62% and 24.40%, respectively). In contrast, belowground fluxes, including soil respiration, soil net N mineralization and soil N nitrification increased by 4.25%, 34.67% and 25.87%, respectively, in grazed grasslands compared to ungrazed ones. More importantly, grazing intensity significantly affected the magnitude (even direction) of changes in the majority of the assessed belowground C and N pools and fluxes, and C : N ratio as well as soil moisture. Specifically,light grazing contributed to soil C and N sequestration whereas moderate and heavy grazing significantly increased C and N losses. In addition, soil depth, livestock type and climatic conditions influenced the responses of selected variables to livestock grazing to some degree. Our findings highlight the importance of the effects of grazing intensity on belowground C and N cycling, which may need to be incorporated into regional and global models for predicting effects of human disturbance on global grasslands and assessing the climate-biosphere feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyao Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yanghui He
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhenhong Hu
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shahla Hosseinibai
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Qld, 4558, Australia
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13
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Zhou L, Zhou X, Shao J, Nie Y, He Y, Jiang L, Wu Z, Hosseini Bai S. Interactive effects of global change factors on soil respiration and its components: a meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:3157-3169. [PMID: 26896336 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As the second largest carbon (C) flux between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems, soil respiration (Rs) plays vital roles in regulating atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2 ]) and climatic dynamics in the earth system. Although numerous manipulative studies and a few meta-analyses have been conducted to determine the responses of Rs and its two components [i.e., autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration] to single global change factors, the interactive effects of the multiple factors are still unclear. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of 150 multiple-factor (≥2) studies to examine the main and interactive effects of global change factors on Rs and its two components. Our results showed that elevated [CO2 ] (E), nitrogen addition (N), irrigation (I), and warming (W) induced significant increases in Rs by 28.6%, 8.8%, 9.7%, and 7.1%, respectively. The combined effects of the multiple factors, EN, EW, DE, IE, IN, IW, IEW, and DEW, were also significantly positive on Rs to a greater extent than those of the single-factor ones. For all the individual studies, the additive interactions were predominant on Rs (90.6%) and its components (≈70.0%) relative to synergistic and antagonistic ones. However, the different combinations of global change factors (e.g., EN, NW, EW, IW) indicated that the three types of interactions were all important, with two combinations for synergistic effects, two for antagonistic, and five for additive when at least eight independent experiments were considered. In addition, the interactions of elevated [CO2 ] and warming had opposite effects on Ra and Rh, suggesting that different processes may influence their responses to the multifactor interactions. Our study highlights the crucial importance of the interactive effects among the multiple factors on Rs and its components, which could inform regional and global models to assess the climate-biosphere feedbacks and improve predictions of the future states of the ecological and climate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yuanyuan Nie
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanghui He
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liling Jiang
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhuoting Wu
- U.S. Geological Survey and Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
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14
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Shao J, Zhou X, He H, Yu G, Wang H, Luo Y, Chen J, Gu L, Li B. Partitioning Climatic and Biotic Effects on Interannual Variability of Ecosystem Carbon Exchange in Three Ecosystems. Ecosystems 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-014-9786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Zhang XD, Jia X, Chen YY, Shao JJ, Wu XR, Shang L, Li B. Crabs mediate interactions between native and invasive salt marsh plants: a mesocosm study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74095. [PMID: 24023926 PMCID: PMC3762776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil disturbance has been widely recognized as an important factor influencing the structure and dynamics of plant communities. Although soil reworkers were shown to increase habitat complexity and raise the risk of plant invasion, their role in regulating the interactions between native and invasive species remains unclear. We proposed that crab activities, via improving soil nitrogen availability, may indirectly affect the interactions between invasive Spartina alterniflora and native Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter in salt marsh ecosystems. We conducted a two-year mesocosm experiment consisting of five species combinations, i.e., monocultures of three species and pair-wise mixtures of invasive and native species, with crabs being either present or absent for each combination. We found that crabs could mitigate soil nitrogen depletion in the mesocosm over the two years. Plant performance of all species, at both the ramet-level (height and biomass per ramet) and plot-level (density, total above- and belowground biomass), were promoted by crab activities. These plants responded to crab disturbance primarily by clonal propagation, as plot-level performance was more sensitive to crabs than ramet-level. Moreover, crab activities altered the competition between Spartina and native plants in favor of the former, since Spartina was more promoted than native plants by crab activities. Our results suggested that crab activities may increase the competition ability of Spartina over native Phragmites and Scirpus through alleviating soil nitrogen limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-dong Zhang
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jia
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-yun Chen
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-jiong Shao
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-ru Wu
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Abstract
In this prospective study a total of 80 consecutive Chinese patients with Crowe type I or II developmental dysplasia of the hip were randomly assigned for hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) or total hip replacement (THR). Three patients assigned to HRA were converted to THR, and three HRA patients and two THR patients were lost to follow-up. This left a total of 34 patients (37 hips) who underwent HRA and 38 (39 hips) who underwent THR. The mean follow-up was 59.4 months (52 to 70) in the HRA group and 60.6 months (50 to 72) in the THR group. There was no failure of the prosthesis in either group. Flexion of the hip was significantly better after HRA, but there was no difference in the mean post-operative Harris hip scores between the groups. The mean size of the acetabular component in the HRA group was significantly larger than in the THR group (49.5 mm vs 46.1 mm, p = 0.001). There was no difference in the mean abduction angle of the acetabular component between the two groups. Although the patients in this series had risk factors for failure after HRA, such as low body weight, small femoral heads and dysplasia, the clinical results of resurfacing in those with Crowe type I or II hip dysplasia were satisfactory. Patients in the HRA group had a better range of movement, although neck-cup impingement was observed. However, more acetabular bone was sacrificed in HRA patients, and it is unclear whether this will have an adverse effect in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shang Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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17
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Zhang W, Yu H, Wang X, Wang Q, Lu R, Wang HQ, Shao JJ. [Analysis of the nucleotide sequence for C and NS5 regions and the genotype of HCV isolate in Shandong Province]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 2001; 15:219-21. [PMID: 11986688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the genotype of HCV epidemic strains in Shandong Province. METHODS HCV fragments of C(432 bp) and NS5(319 bp) regions were amplified by RT nested PCR. The fragments were cloned to T vector and sequenced by dideoxynucleotide chain termination reaction. RESULTS Three of all 4 strains in C region were 1b genotype, and 1 was 2a. All of 10 strains of NS5 region were 1b genotype. No other genotype was found in this region. The homology of nucleotide sequence was over 90% compared with that of more than 50 strains in Gen Bank. CONCLUSIONS The major genotype of HCV epidemic strains in Shandong Province is 1b. The 2a genotype is also found in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qiangdao 266021, China
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18
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Yu JX, Hu XZ, Shao JJ, Sun BG, Qian HM, Wu CY. [Determination of residues of 20 kinds of organochlorinated pesticides in oils, fruits and vegetables by wide-bore capillary gas chromatographic column]. Se Pu 2000; 18:346-9. [PMID: 12541515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid and high performance gas chromatographic method for the determination of 20 organchlorinated pesticides in oils, fruits and vegetables has been developed. The samples of fruits and vegetables were extracted with petroleum ether-acetone, while those of oils were extracted with acetonitrile-hexane. The extract was purified by Florisil column with ethyl ether-hexane(15:85, V/V) or ethyl ether-petroleum ether(15:85, V/V) as eluent. Chromatographic analysis was performed on wide-bore capillary column with ECD detector. Satisfactory separation and detection of these organchlorinated pesticides are presented with the proposed method. The detection limits of this method were 1.0 ng/g-20.0 ng/g(S/N = 5), the recoveries 83.2%-106.8% and the relative standard deviations 2.0%-9.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Yu
- Hubei Import & Export Commodity Inspection Bureau, Wuhan 430022, China
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19
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Yu H, Su L, Shao JJ. [Genetic subtyping of HIV-1 strains by heteroduplex mobility assay]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1997; 18:201-4. [PMID: 9812517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
DNA fragments of HIV-1 env gene were amplified by nested PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 24 HIV-1 infected individuals. The PCR products were separated by melting and annealing with denatured PCR product prepared from reference plasimd of representative subtypes. Heteroduplex were then formed between the single-stranded DNA from the two sources and were analysed on polyacrylamide gels. The results from heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) were compared with HIV-1 subtype results determined by DNA sequencing. With advantages of high speed, low cost and high specificity, HMA is a reliable screening method for HIV-1 subtyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yu
- Institute of Virology, CAPM, Beijing
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20
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Shao JJ, Wu AJ, Zheng YH, Weng FM, Xie Y, Zhang TB. [Clinical anti-caries effect of dentifrice containing two fluorides]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 1992; 1:80-3. [PMID: 15159896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Anti-caries effect of dentifrice containing sodium monofluorophophate and sodium fluoride was studied among 2-3 years OLD nursery children.After one year,both mean dft and dfs were very significantly lower than those of control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Shao
- Shanghai Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011,China
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21
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Zhao CQ, Shao JJ. [Detection of specific antibodies to cytomegalovirus in the blood donors in Qingdao]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1989; 10:78-81. [PMID: 2544278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the blood donors in China has not been reported the literature available at hands. 344 serum samples from healthy blood donors in Qingdao were examined for the presence of CMV-IgG by IFA and CMV-IgM, CMV-IgA by ELISA. The frequency of positive donors was 99,45%, 4,65%, and 3,20%, respectively. The result showed CMV infection was rather common in the donors, the rate of active CMV infection was also higher than that abroad. We suggest that when blood is transfused to high risk patients, CMV-IgM and CMV-IgA should be examined regularly on donors to exclude or reduce the incidence of transfusion-associated CMV infection. At present it is not practical for CMV-IgG as a screening marker in our country.
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