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Outcomes after surgery for children in Africa (ASOS-Paeds): a 14-day prospective observational cohort study. Lancet 2024; 403:1482-1492. [PMID: 38527482 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe anaesthesia and surgery are a public health imperative. There are few data describing outcomes for children undergoing anaesthesia and surgery in Africa. We aimed to get robust epidemiological data to describe patient care and outcomes for children undergoing anaesthesia and surgery in hospitals in Africa. METHODS This study was a 14-day, international, prospective, observational cohort study of children (aged <18 years) undergoing surgery in Africa. We recruited as many hospitals as possible across all levels of care (first, second, and third) providing surgical treatment. Each hospital recruited all eligible children for a 14-day period commencing on the date chosen by each participating hospital within the study recruitment period from Jan 15 to Dec 23, 2022. Data were collected prospectively for consecutive patients on paper case record forms. The primary outcome was in-hospital postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery and the secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality within 30 days after surgery. We also collected hospital-level data describing equipment, facilities, and protocols available. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05061407. FINDINGS We recruited 8625 children from 249 hospitals in 31 African countries. The mean age was 6·1 (SD 4·9) years, with 5675 (66·0%) of 8600 children being male. Most children (6110 [71·2%] of 8579 patients) were from category 1 of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score undergoing elective surgery (5325 [61·9%] of 8604 patients). Postoperative complications occurred in 1532 (18·0%) of 8515 children, predominated by infections (971 [11·4%] of 8538 children). Deaths occurred in 199 (2·3%) of 8596 patients, 169 (84·9%) of 199 patients following emergency surgeries. Deaths following postoperative complications occurred in 166 (10·8%) of 1530 complications. Operating rooms were reported as safe for anaesthesia and surgery for neonates (121 [54·3%] of 223 hospitals), infants (147 [65·9%] of 223 hospitals), and children younger than 6 years (188 [84·3%] of 223 hospitals). INTERPRETATION Outcomes following anaesthesia and surgery for children in Africa are poor, with complication rates up to four-fold higher (18% vs 4·4-14%) and mortality rates 11-fold higher than high-income countries in a crude, unadjusted comparison (23·15 deaths vs 2·18 deaths per 1000 children). To improve surgical outcomes for children in Africa, we need health system strengthening, provision of safe environments for anaesthesia and surgery, and strategies to address the high rate of failure to rescue. FUNDING Jan Pretorius Research Fund of the South African Society of Anaesthesiologists and Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda.
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Kachapila M, Oppong R, Ademuyiwa AO, Bhangu A, Dauda R, Ghosh DN, Kamarajah SK, Lawani I, Medina ARDL, Monahan M, Morton DG, Omar O, Picciochi M, Tabiri S, Roberts TE, Brocklehurst P, Chakrabortee S, Glasbey J, Hardy P, Harrison E, Lillywhite R, Magill L, Nepogodiev D, Simoes J, Smith D, Kadir B, Pinkney T, Brant F, Li E, Runigamugabo E, Bahrami-Hessari M, Bywater E, Martinez L, Habumuremyi S, Ntirenganya F, Williams E, Fourtounas M, Melic BKC, Ghosh DN, Suroy A, Ahogni D, Ahounou A, Boukari KA, Gbehade O, Hessou TK, Nindopa S, Nontonwanou MB, Guessou NO, Sambo A, Tchati SV, Tchogo A, Tobome SR, Yanto P, Gandaho I, Hadonou A, Hinvo S, Hodonou MA, Tamou SB, Lawani S, Dossou FM, Gaou A, Goudou R, Kouroumta MC, Lawani I, Malade E, Dikao ASM, Nsilu JN, Ogouyemi P, Akpla M, Mitima NB, Kovohouande B, Loupeda SL, Agbangla MV, Hedefoun SE, Mavoha T, Ngaguene J, Rugendabanga J, Soton RR, Totin M, Agbadebo M, Dewamon H, Akpo I, Djeto M, Hada A, Hollo M, Houndji A, Houndote A, Hounsa S, 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Lomeli AFM, Navarro JEO, Baolboa LGP, Dominguez ACG, Morales JFM, Pesquera JAA, Maldonado LMP, Fonseca RKC, Hernandez EEL, Ramirez JAR, Moscoso MRB, Duniya SAN, Adeleye GTC, Bakare TIB, Ohemu AA, Habumuremyi DUS, Seneza GNC, Haragirimana JDD, Ingabire AJC, Ekwunife OH, Acheampong DO, Agbeko AE, Gyamfi FE, Nyadu BB, Adu-Aryee NA, Amoako JK, Aperkor NT, Asman WK, Attepor GS, Bediako-Bowan AA, Brown GD, Etwire VK, Fenu BS, Kumassah PK, Larbi-Siaw LA, Olatola DO, Tsatsu SE, Barimah CG, Boateng GC, Kwabena PW, Kwarteng SM, Luri PT, Kantanka RS, Owusu PY, Acquah DK, Adams SM, Alhassan MS, Asirifi SA, Dery MK, Ofori BA, Sam NB, Seidu AS, Acquah EK, Coompson CL, Gyambibi AK, Kontor BE, Poonia DR, Rathod KK, Rodha MS, Soni SC, Varsheney VK, Vishnoi JR, Garnaik DK, Lokavarapu MJ, Seenivasagam RK, Kalyanapu JA, Gautham AK, Singh DS, Abraham ES, Gold CS, Joseph JN, Kurien EN, Mathew AJ, Mathew AE, Prakash DD, Hans MA, Haque PD, Sam VD, Thind RS, Veetil SK, Daniel ER, Jacob SE, Jesudason MR, Samuel VM, Sivakumar MV, Saluja SS, Attri AK, Pai MV, Prabhu PS, T SP, Alexander PV, Ismavel VA, Solomi CV, Alpheus RA, Choudhrie AV, Gunny RJ, Malik MA, Peters NJ, Chowdri NA, Dar RA, Parray FQ, Shah ZA, Wani RA, Villaseñor SA, Hernández AB, Ahumada EB, Cardiel GC, Guevara GC, Perez EC, Martinez EC, Barradas PD, Estrada IE, Becerril PF, Orozco CF, Reyna BG, Sánchez EG, Espinoza EG, Ojeda AG, Torres MI, Tornero JJ, País RM, Santana DM, Villela GM, Hinojosa RN, Escobar CN, Rodríguez IO, Flores OO, Barreiro AO, Rubio JO, Bravo CR, Villaseñor GS, Tinajero CC, Samano FD, Banuelos GG, Ortiz FI, Ramirez ML, Arroyo GL, Perez JO, Ramirez DO, Lozano JP, Reyes GY, Castillo MN, Mellado DH, Bozada-Gutierrez K, Casado-Zarate AF, Delano-Alonso R, Herrera-Esquivel J, Moreno-Portillo M, Trejo-Avila M, Quiros BC, Ambriz-González G, Cabrera-Lozano I, Calderón-Alvarado AB, León-Frutos FJ, Villanueva-Martínez EE, Aliyu MS, Balogun AO, Francis AA, Duromola KM, Gana SG, George MD, Iji LO, Jimoh AO, Koledade AK, Lawal AT, Nwabuoku SE, Ogunsua OO, Okafor IF, Okorie EI, Saidu IA, Sholadoye TT, Abdulkarim AA, Abdullahi LB, Tolani MA, Tukur AM, Umar AS, Umar AM, Yusuf SA, Ado KA, Aliyu NU, Anyanwu LJC, Daneji SM, Magashi MK, Mohammad MA, Muhammad AB, Muhammad SS, Muideen BA, Nwachukwu CU, Sallau SB, Sheshe AA, Takai IU, Umar GI, Adze JA, Airede LR, Bature SB, Galadima MC, Hamza BK, Kache SA, Kagomi WY, Kene IA, Makama JG, Mohammed-Durosinlorun AA, Taingson MC, Odunafolabi TA, Okereke CE, Oladele OO, Olaleye OH, Olubayo OO, Abiola OP, Abiyere HO, Adebara IO, Adeniyi AA, Adewara OE, Adeyemo OT, Adeyeye AA, Ariyibi AL, Awoyinka BS, Ayankunle OM, Babalola OF, Banjo OO, Egharevba PA, Fatudimu OS, Obateru JA, Odesanya OJ, Ojo OD, Okunlola AI, Okunlola CK, Olajide AT, Orewole TO, Salawu AI, Abdulsalam MA, Adelaja AT, Ajai OT, Atobatele KM, Bakare OO, Faboya OM, Imam ZO, Nwaenyi FC, Ogunyemi AA, Oludara MA, Omisanjo OA, Onyeka CU, Oshodi OA, Oshodi YA, Salami OS, Williams OM, Adeyeye VI, Agbulu MV, Akinajo OR, Akinboyewa DO, Alakaloko FM, Alasi IO, Atoyebi OA, Balogun OS, Bode CO, Busari MO, Duru NJ, Edet GB, Elebute OA, Ezenwankwo FC, Fatuga AL, Ihediwa GC, Inyang ES, Jimoh AI, Kuku JO, Ladipo-Ajayi OA, Lawal AO, Makwe CC, Mgbemena CV, Nwokocha SU, Ogunjimi MA, Ohazurike EO, Ojewola RW, Badedale ME, Okeke CJ, Okunowo AA, Oladimeji AT, Olajide TO, Oluseye OO, Orowale AA, Osinowo AO, Oyegbola CB, Seyi-Olajide JO, Soibi-Harry AP, Timo MT, Ugwu AO, Williams EO, Duruewuru IO, Egwuonwu OA, Emeka JJ, Modekwe VI, Nwosu CD, Obiechina SO, Obiesie AE, Okafor CI, Okonoboh TO, Okoye OA, Onu OA, Onyejiaka CC, Uche CF, Ugboajah JO, Ugwu JO, Adeleke AA, Adepiti AC, Aderounmu AA, Adesunkanmi AO, Adisa AO, Ajekwu SC, Ajenifuja OK, Alatise OI, Badmus TA, Mohammed TO, Salako AA, Sowande OA, Talabi AO, Wuraola FO, Adegoke PA, Eseile IS, Ogundoyin OO, Olulana DI, Adumah CC, Ajagbe AO, Akintunde OP, Asafa OQ, Eziyi AK, Fasanu AO, Ojewuyi OO, Ojewuyi AR, Oyedele AE, Taiwo OA, Abdullahi HI, Adewole ND, Agida TE, Ailunia EE, Akaba GO, Bawa KG, Chinda JY, Daluk EB, Eniola SB, Ezenwa AO, Garba SE, Mshelbwala PM, Ndukwe NO, Ogolekwu IP, Osagie OO, Sani SA, Tabuanu NO, Umar AM, Agbonrofo PI, Arekhandia AI, Edena ME, Eghonghon RA, Enaholo JE, Ideh SN, Iribhogbe OI, Irowa OO, Isikhuemen ME, Odutola OR, Okoduwa KO, Omorogbe SO, Osagie OT, Abdus-Salam RA, Adebayo SA, Ajagbe OA, Ajao AE, Ayandipo OO, Egbuchulem KI, Ekwuazi HO, Idowu OC, Irabor DO, Lawal TA, Lawal OO, Ogundoyin OO, Sanusi AT, Takure AO, Abdur-Rahman LO, Adebisi MO, Adeleke NA, Afolabi RT, Aremu II, Bello JO, Lawal SA, Raji HO, Igwe PO, Iweha IE, John RE, Okoro PE, Oriji VK, Oweredaba IT, Majyabere JP, Habiyakare JA, Nabada MG, Masengesho JP, Niyomuremyi JP, Uwimana JC, Maniraguha HL, Urimubabo CJ, Shyirakera JY, Adams MA, Ede CJ, Mathe MN, Nhlabathi NA, Nxumalo HS, Sethoana ME, Acquaye J, Appiah J, Arthur J, Boakye-Yiadom J, Abdulai S, Agboadoh N, Akoto E, Boakye-Yiadom K, Dedey F, Nsaful J, Wordui T, Abubakari F, Akunyam J, Ballu C, Ngaaso K, Adobea V, Bennin A, Doe S, Kobby E, Kyeremeh C, Osei E, Owusu F, Sie-Broni C, Zume M, Abdul-Hafiz S, Amadu M, Awe M, Azanlerigu M, Edwin Y, Limann G, Maalekuu A, Malechi H, Mohammed S, Mohammed I, Mumuni K, Yahaya S, Alhassan J, Boakye P, Jeffery-Felix A, Manu R, Mensah E, Naah G, Noufuentes C, Sakyi A, Chaudhary R, Misra S, Pareek P, Pathak M, Sharma N, Sharma N, Huda F, Mishra N, Ranjan R, Singh S, Solanki P, Verma R, Yhoshu E, John S, Kutma A, Philips S, Hepzibah A, Mary G, Chetana C, Dasari A, Dummala P, Jacob J, Mary P, Samuel O, Sukumar A, Syam N, Varghese R, Bhatt A, Bhatti W, Dhar T, Goyal A, Goyal S, Jain D, Jain R, Kaur S, Kumar K, Luther A, Mahajan A, Mandrelle K, Michael V, Mukherjee P, Rajappa R, Singh P, Suroy A, Williams R, D S, Kumari P, Mittal R, Prasad S, Shankar B, Sharma S, Surendran S, Thomas A, Trinity P, Kanchodu S, Leshiini K, Bansal I, Gupta S, Gureh M, Kapoor S, Aggarwal M, Kanna V, Kaur H, Kumar A, Singh S, Singh G, John V, Adnan M, Kumar P, S A, Sehrawat V, Singla D, Thami G, Kumar V, Mathew S, Akhtar N, Chaturvedi A, Gupta S, Kumar V, Prakash P, Rajan S, Singh M, Tripathi A, Thomas J, Zechariah P, Kichu M, Joseph S, Pundir N, Samujh R, Kour R, Saqib N, Raul S, Rautela K, Sharma R, Singh N, Vakil R, Chowdhury P, Chowdhury S, Roy B, Abdullahi A, Abubakar M, Awaisu M, Bakari F, Bashir M, Bello A, Daniyan M, Gimba J, Gundu I, Oyelowo N, Sufyan I, Umaru-Sule H, Usman M, Yahya A, Yakubu A, Abdullahi M, Soladoye A, Yahaya A, Abdulrasheed L, Aminu B, Bello-Tukur F, Chinyio D, Joshua S, Lawal J, Mohammed C, Nuwam D, Sale D, Sani A, Tabara S, Usam E, Yakubu J, Adegoke F, Ige O, Bakare A, Akande O, Anyanwu N, Eke G, Oyewole Y, Abunimye E, Adeoluwa A, Adesiyakan A, Amao M, Ashley-Osuzoka C, Gbenga-Oke C, Makanjuola A, Olanrewaju O, Olayioye O, Olutola S, Onyekachi K, Osariemen E, Osunwusi B, Owie E, Okoro C, Ugwuanyi K, Ugwunne C, Olasehinde O, Akinloye A, Akinniyi A, Ejimogu J, Okedare A, Omotola O, Sanwo F, Awodele K, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach O, Alfred J, Atim T, Mbajiekwe N, Olori A, Suleiman S, Sunday H, Ida G, Oruade D, Osemwegie O, Ajibola G, Elemile P, Fakoya A, Ojediran O, Olagunju N, Bello R, Lawal A, Ojajuni A, Oyewale S, Sayomi O, Shittu A, Abhulimen V, Okoi N, Mizero J, Mutimamwiza I, Nirere F, Niyongombwa I, Byaruhanga A, Dukuzimana R, Uwizeye M, Ruhosha M, Igiraneza J, Ingabire F, Karekezi A, Mpirimbanyi C, Mukamazera L, Mukangabo C, Imanishimwe A, Kanyarukiko S, Mukaneza F, Mukantibaziyaremye D, Munyaneza A, Ndegamiye G, Nyirangeri P, Tubasiime R, Dusabe M, Izabiriza E, Mpirimbanyi C, Mutuyimana J, Mwenedata O, Rwagahirima E, Zirikana J, Sibomana I, Rubanguka D, Umuhoza J, Uwayezu R, Uzikwambara L, Dieudonne A, Kabanda E, Mbonimpaye S, Mukakomite C, Muroruhirwe P, Butana H, Dusabeyezu M, Batangana M, Bucyibaruta G, Habumuremyi S, Imanishimwe A, Mukanyange V, Munyaneza E, Mutabazi E, Mwungura E, Ncogoza I, Ntirenganya F, Nyirahabimana J, Nyirasebura D, Dusabimana A, Kanyesigye S, Munyaneza R, Fourtounas M, Hyman G, Moore R, Sentholang N, Wondoh P, Ally Z, Domingo A, Munda P, Nyatsambo C, Ojo V, Pswarayi R, Cook J, Jayne D, Laurberg S, Brown J, Smart N, Cousens S. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e235-e242. [PMID: 38245114 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major burden on patients and health systems. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of routine change of sterile gloves and instruments before abdominal wall closure to prevent SSI. METHODS A decision-analytic model was built to estimate average costs and outcomes of changing gloves and instruments before abdominal wall closure compared with current practice. Clinical data were obtained from the ChEETAh trial, a multicentre, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), and costs were obtained from a study (KIWI) that assessed costs associated with SSIs in LMICs. Outcomes were measured as the percentage of surgeries resulting in SSIs. Costs were measured from a health-care provider perspective and were reported in 2021 US$. The economic analysis used a partially split single-country costing approach, with pooled outcomes data from all seven countries in the ChEETAh trial, and data for resource use and unit costs from India (KIWI); secondary analyses used resource use and costs from Mexico and Ghana (KIWI). FINDINGS In the base case, the average cost of the intervention was $259∙92 compared with $261∙10 for current practice (cost difference -$1∙18, 95% CI -4∙08 to 1∙33). In the intervention group, an estimated 17∙6% of patients had an SSI compared with 19∙7% of patients in the current practice group (absolute risk reduction 2∙10%, 95% CI 2∙07-2∙84). At all cost-effectiveness thresholds assumed ($0 to $14 000), the intervention had a higher likelihood of being cost-effective compared with current practice, indicating that the intervention was cost-effective. Similar results were obtained when the analysis using data from India was repeated using resource use and unit cost data from Mexico and Ghana. INTERPRETATION Routine sterile glove and instrument change before abdominal wall closure is effective and the costs are similar to those for current practice. Routine change of gloves and instruments before abdominal wall closure should be rolled out in LMICs. FUNDING National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinician Scientist Award, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Grant, and Mölnlycke Healthcare.
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Glasbey JC, Kadir B, Ademuyiwa AO, Adisa AO, Bhangu A, Brocklehurst P, Chakrabortee S, Hardy P, Harrison E, Ingabire JCA, Haque PD, Ismail L, Ghosh D, Gyamfi FE, Li E, Lillywhite R, de la Medina AR, Moore R, Magill L, Morton D, Nepogodiev D, Ntirenganya F, Pinkney T, Omar O, Simoes JFF, Smith D, Tabiri S, Runigamugabo E, Sodonougbo P, Behanzin H, Kangni S, Agboton G, Adagrah LA, Adjei-Acquah E, Acquah AO, Ankomah J, Armah R, Acquah R, Addo KG, Acheampong DO, Adu-Aryee NA, Abubakari F, Titigah A, Owusu F, Adu-Brobbey R, Adobea V, Abantanga FA, Gautham A, Bhatti D, Jesudason EDM, Aggarwal M, Alexander P, Dasari A, Alpheus R, Kumar H, Raul S, Bueno WÁ, Ortiz RC, Gomez IB, Cerdan CC, Gallo MB, Gamez RR, Sánchez ID, Abdullahi L, Adesanya O, Abdulsalam M, Adeleye V, Egwuonwu O, Adeleke A, Adebayo F, Chiejina G, Abayomi O, Abdur-Rahman L, Ede J, Ezinne U, Kanyarukiko S, Dusabe M, Hirwa AD, Bucyibaruta G, Adams MA, Birtles C, Ally Z, Adewunmi AS, Cook J, Brown J, Verjee A, Assouto P, Seto DM, Kpangon C, Ahossi R, Alhassan BBA, Agyekum V, Adam-Zakariah LI, Assah-Adjei F, Asare C, Amoako J, Akosa EA, Acquaye J, Adjei F, Ballu C, Coompson CL, Bennin A, Abdulai DR, Hepzibah A, Bhatti W, Paul PK, Dhamija P, Thomas J, Jacob P, Choudhrie A, Peters N, Sharma R, Camacho FB, Gonzalez GH, Aguirre CC, Solano DD, Flores AC, Menindez RL, Vazquez DG, Ado K, Awonuga D, Adeniran A, Ademuyiwa A, Ekwunife O, Adenikinju W, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach O, Edet E, Abdus-Salam R, Adeleke N, Ekenze S, Francis M, Mukaneza F, Izabiriza E, Kabanda E, Bunogerane GJ, Crawford R, Ivy M, Jayne D, Cousens S, Brant F, Fiogbe M, Tandje Y, Akpla M, Ngabo RB, Amoako-Boateng MP, Agyemang E, Asabre E, Boakye AA, Gakpetor DA, Appiah AD, Boakye P, Adinku M, Akoto E, Barimah CG, Labaran AH, Dankwah F, Acquah DK, Mary G, Bir K, Madankumar L, Gupta H, Zechariah P, Kurien E, Vakil R, Hernández AB, Krauss RH, Avendaño AC, Garcia RT, Ojeda AG, Peón AN, Lara MM, Aliyu M, Fasiku O, Ajai O, Adeniyi O, Modekwe V, Adeniyi O, Akaba 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O, Etonyeaku A, Zounon MA, Nimako B, Suroy A, Nwokocha S, Igbodike E, Nyadu BB, Thind R, Ogein O, Ijarotimi O, Opoku D, Thomas A, Ojewola R, Lawal A, Osabutey A, Tuli A, Oladimeji A, Nana F, Roberts T, Sagoe R, Veetil S, Olajide T, Oduanafolabi T, Tuffour S, Oluseye O, Olasehinde O, Tufour Y, Seyi-Olajide J, Olayemi O, Winkles N, Yamoah FA, Soibi-Harry A, Omitinde S, Yefieye AC, Ugwu A, Oni O, Yorke J, Williams E, Onyeze C, Orji E, Rotimi A, Salako A, Solaja O, Sowemimo O, Talabi A, Tajudeen M, Wuraola F. The importance of post-discharge surgical site infection surveillance: an exploration of surrogate outcome validity in a global randomised controlled trial (FALCON). Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e1178-e1179. [PMID: 37474222 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
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Balogh ZJ. Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries. Br J Surg 2023; 110:804-817. [PMID: 37079880 PMCID: PMC10364528 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. METHODS This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low-middle-income countries. RESULTS In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of 'single-use' consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low-middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high- and low-middle-income countries.
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Sykes AG, Seyi-Olajide J, Ameh EA, Ozgediz D, Abbas A, Abib S, Ademuyiwa A, Ali A, Aziz TT, Chowdhury TK, Abdelhafeez H, Ignacio RC, Keller B, Klazura G, Kling K, Martin B, Philipo GS, Thangarajah H, Yap A, Meara JG, Bundy DAP, Jamison DT, Mock CN, Bickler SW. Estimates of Treatable Deaths Within the First 20 Years of Life from Scaling Up Surgical Care at First-Level Hospitals in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. World J Surg 2022; 46:2114-2122. [PMID: 35771254 PMCID: PMC9334432 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical care is an important, yet often neglected component of child health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examines the potential impact of scaling up surgical care at first-level hospitals in LMICs within the first 20 years of life. METHODS Epidemiological data from the global burden of disease 2019 Study and a counterfactual method developed for the disease control priorities; 3rd Edition were used to estimate the number of treatable deaths in the under 20 year age group if surgical care could be scaled up at first-level hospitals. Our model included three digestive diseases, four maternal and neonatal conditions, and seven common traumatic injuries. RESULTS An estimated 314,609 (95% UI, 239,619-402,005) deaths per year in the under 20 year age group could be averted if surgical care were scaled up at first-level hospitals in LMICs. Most of the treatable deaths are in the under-5 year age group (80.9%) and relates to improved obstetrical care and its effect on reducing neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma. Injuries are the leading cause of treatable deaths after age 5 years. Sixty-one percent of the treatable deaths occur in lower middle-income countries. Overall, scaling up surgical care at first-level hospitals could avert 5·1% of the total deaths in children and adolescents under 20 years of age in LMICs per year. CONCLUSIONS Improving the capacity of surgical services at first-level hospitals in LMICs has the potential to avert many deaths within the first 20 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emmanuel A Ameh
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Doruk Ozgediz
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Simone Abib
- Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adesoji Ademuyiwa
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Romeo C Ignacio
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0739, USA
| | - Benjamin Keller
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0739, USA
| | - Greg Klazura
- Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Kling
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0739, USA
| | - Benjamin Martin
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Bristol Children's Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Hariharan Thangarajah
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0739, USA
| | - Ava Yap
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John G Meara
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald A P Bundy
- Global Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dean T Jamison
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen W Bickler
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive #0739, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093-0739, USA.
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Velin L, Lantz A, Ameh EA, Roy N, Jumbam DT, Williams O, Elobu A, Seyi-Olajide J, Hagander L. Systematic review of low-income and middle-income country perceptions of visiting surgical teams from high-income countries. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:e008791. [PMID: 35483711 PMCID: PMC9052057 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-008791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortage of surgeons, anaesthesiologists and obstetricians in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is occasionally bridged by foreign surgical teams from high-income countries on short-term visits. To advise on ethical guidelines for such activities, the aim of this study was to present LMIC stakeholders' perceptions of visiting surgical teams from high-income countries. METHOD We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines in November 2021, using standardised search terms in PubMed/Medline (National Library of Medicine), EMBASE (Elsevier), Global Health Database (EBSCO) and Global Index Medicus, and complementary hand searches in African Journals Online and Google Scholar. Included studies were analysed thematically using a meta-ethnographic approach. RESULTS Out of 3867 identified studies, 30 articles from 15 countries were included for analysis. Advantages of visiting surgical teams included alleviating clinical care needs, skills improvement, system-level strengthening, academic and career benefits and broader collaboration opportunities. Disadvantages of visiting surgical teams involved poor quality of care and lack of follow-up, insufficient knowledge transfers, dilemmas of ethics and equity, competition, administrative and financial issues and language barriers. CONCLUSION Surgical short-term visits from high-income countries are insufficiently described from the perspective of stakeholders in LMICs, yet such perspectives are essential for quality of care, ethics and equity, skills and knowledge transfer and sustainable health system strengthening. More in-depth studies, particularly of LMIC perceptions, are required to inform further development of ethical guidelines for global surgery and support ethical and sustainable strengthening of LMIC surgical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Velin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Adam Lantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Orthopedic Surgery, Helsingborg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel A Ameh
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Abuja, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Nobhojit Roy
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Surgical Care Delivery in LMICs, Mumbai, India
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | - Desmond T Jumbam
- Department of Policy and Advocacy, Operation Smile, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Omolara Williams
- Department of Surgery, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Alex Elobu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justina Seyi-Olajide
- Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Lars Hagander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Pediatric Surgery, Skåne University Hospital in Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Salam S, Mehta A, Kim D, Seyi-Olajide J, Allo N, Malolan C, Nwariaku F, Khan L. Improving Lagos State emergency medical services by analysing road traffic accident data, response time, and efficient allocation of ambulances. The Lancet Global Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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8
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El Vilaly MAS, Jones MA, Stankey MC, Seyi-Olajide J, Onajin-Obembe B, Dasogot A, Klug SJ, Meara J, Ameh EA, Osagie OO, Juran S. Access to paediatric surgery: the geography of inequality in Nigeria. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2021-006025. [PMID: 34697085 PMCID: PMC8547353 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 96.3 million children and adolescents aged 0–19 years reside in Nigeria, comprising 54% of the population. Without adequate access to surgery for commonly treatable diseases, many face disability and increased risk of mortality. Due to this population’s unique perioperative needs, increasing access to paediatric surgical care requires a situational evaluation of the distribution of paediatric surgeons and anaesthesiologists. This study’s aim is to identify the percentage of Nigerian youth who reside within 2 hours of paediatric surgical care at the state and national level. Methods The Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and the Nigeria Society of Anaesthetists provided surgical and anaesthesia workforce data by state. Health facilities with paediatric surgeons were converted to point locations and integrated with ancillary geospatial layers and population estimates from 2016 and 2017. Catchment areas of 2 hours of travel time around a facility were deployed as the benchmark indicator to establish timely access. Results Across Nigeria’s 36 states and Federal Capital Territory, the percentage of Nigeria’s 0–19 population residing within 2 hours of a health facility with a paediatric surgical and anaesthesia workforce ranges from less than 2% to 22.7%–30.5%. In 3 states, only 2.1%–4.8% of the population can access a facility within 2 hours, 12 have 4.9%–13.8%, and 8 have 13.9%–22.6%. Conclusion There is significant variation across Nigerian states regarding access to surgical care, with 69.5%–98% of Nigeria’s 0–19 population lacking access. Developing paediatric surgical services in underserved Nigerian states and investing in the training of paediatric surgical and anaesthesia workforce for those states are key components in improving the health of Nigeria’s 0–19 population and reducing Nigeria’s burden of surgical disease, in line with Nigeria’s National Surgical, Obstetrics, Anaesthesia and Nursing Plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd Salam El Vilaly
- Technical Division, Population and Development Branch, United Nations Population Fund, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maureen A Jones
- Technical Division, Population and Development Branch, United Nations Population Fund, New York, New York, USA
| | - Makela Cordero Stankey
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Bisola Onajin-Obembe
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Andat Dasogot
- Nigeria Country Office, United Nations Fund for Population Activities, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Stefanie J Klug
- Epidemiology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Germany and Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI), Technical University of Munich, Germany, Munich, Germany
| | - John Meara
- Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emmanuel A Ameh
- National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.,Division of Paediatric Surgery, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi O Osagie
- Department of Surgery, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sabrina Juran
- Epidemiology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Germany and Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI), Technical University of Munich, Germany, Munich, Germany .,Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wright NJ, Leather AJ, Ade-Ajayi N, Sevdalis N, Davies J, Poenaru D, Ameh E, Ademuyiwa A, Lakhoo K, Smith ER, Douiri A, Elstad M, Sim M, Riboni C, Martinez-Leo B, Akhbari M, Tabiri S, Mitul A, Aziz DAA, Fachin C, Niyukuri A, Arshad M, Ibrahim F, Moitt N, Doheim MF, Thompson H, Ubhi H, Williams I, Hashim S, Philipo GS, Herrera L, Yunus A, Vervoort D, Parker S, Benaskeur YI, Alser OH, Adofo-Ansong N, Alhamid A, Salem HK, Saleh M, Elrais SA, Abukhalaf S, Shinondo P, Nour I, Aydin E, Vaitkiene A, Naranjo K, Dube AM, Ngwenya S, Yacoub MA, Kwasau H, Hyman G, Elghazaly SM, Al-Slaibi I, Hisham I, Franco H, Arbab H, Samad L, Soomro A, Chaudhry MA, Karim S, Khattak MAK, Nah SA, Dimatatac DM, Choo CSC, Maistry N, Mitul AR, Hasan S, Karim S, Yousuf H, Qureshi T, Nour IR, Al-Taher RN, Sarhan OAK, Garcia-Aparicio L, Prat J, Blazquez-Gomez E, Tarrado X, Iriondo M, Bragagnini P, Rite S, Hagander L, Svensson E, Owusu S, Abdul-Mumin A, Bagbio D, Ismavel VA, Miriam A, T S, Anaya Dominguez M, Ivanov M, Serban AM, Derbew M, Elfiky M, Olivos Perez M, Abrunhosa Matias M, Arnaud AP, Negida A, King S, Fazli MR, Hamidi N, Touabti S, Chipalavela RF, Lobos P, Jones B, Ljuhar D, Singer G, Hasan S, Cordonnier A, Jáuregui L, Zvizdic Z, Wong J, St-Louis E, Shu Q, Lui Y, Correa C, Pos L, Alcántara E, Féliz E, Zea-Salazar LE, Ali L, Peycelon M, Anatole NK, Jallow CS, Lindert J, Ghosh D, Adhiwidjaja CF, Tabari AK, Lotfollahzadeh S, Mussein HM, Vatta F, Pasqua N, Kihiko D, Gohil H, Nour IR, Elhadi M, Almada SA, Verkauskas G, Risteski T, Peñarrieta Daher A, Outani O, Hamill J, Lawal T, Mulu J, Yapo B, Saldaña L, Espineda B, Toczewski K, Tuyishime E, Ndayishimiye I, Raboe E, Hammond P, Walker G, Djordjevic I, Chitnis M, Son J, Lee S, Hussien M, Malik S, Ismail EM, Boonthai A, Dahman NBH, Hall N, Castedo Camacho FR, Sobrero H, Butler M, Makhmud A, Novotny N, Hammouri AG, Al-Rayyes M, Bvulani B, Muraveji Q, Murzaie MY, Sherzad A, Haidari SA, Monawar AB, Samadi DAZ, Thiessen J, Venant N, Hospital SI, Jérémie N, Mbonicura JC, Vianney BJM, Tadesse A, Negash S, Roberts CA, Jabang JN, Bah A, Camamra K, Correa A, Sowe B, Gai A, Jaiteh M, Raymond KJ, Mvukiyehe JP, Itangishaka I, Kayibanda E, Manirambona E, Lule J, Costas-Chavarri A, Shyaka Gashugi I, Ndata A, Gasana G, Nezerwa YC, Simeon T, Muragijimana JDD, Rashid S, Msuya D, Elisante J, Solanki M, Manjira E, Lodhia J, Jusabani M, Tarmohamed M, Koipapi S, Souhem T, Sara N, Sihem B, Dania B, Toufik IA, Mounira BNEI, Habiba A, Aragão L, Gonçalves V, Lino Urquizo MM, Varela MF, Mercado P, Horacio B, Damiani A, Mac C, Putruele D, Liljesthrom K, Bernaus M, Jauri C, Cripovich A, Bianchin E, Puig MG, Andreussi L, Iracelay S, Marcos D, Herrera C, Palacios N, Avile R, Serezo B, Montoya D, Cepeda R, Vaquila J, Veronica S, Pardo L, Valeria P, Julio L, Martin AD, Lucio P, Gabriel C, Marianella D, Calderón Arancibia JA, Huespe E, Losa GN, Arancibia Gutiérrez E, Scherl H, Gonzalez DE, Baistrocchi V, Silva Y, Galdeano M, Medard P, Sueiras I, Romero Manteola E, Defago VH, Mieres C, Alberto C, Cornelli F, Molina M, Ravetta P, Patiño Gonzalez CC, Dallegre MB, Szklarz MT, Leyba MF, Rivarola NI, Charras MD, Morales A, Caseb P, Toselli L, Millán C, Junes MDC, Di Siervi O, Gilardi J, Simon S, Contreras CS, Rojas N, Arnoletto LB, Blain OE, Bravo MN, Sanchez N, Herrera Pesara LM, Moreno ME, Sferco CA, Huq U, Ferdousi T, Al-Mamun A, Sultana S, Mahmud R, Mahmud K, Sayeed F, Svirsky A, Sempertegui D, Negrete A, Teran A, Sadagurschi M, Popovic N, Karavdic K, Milisic E, Jonuzi A, Mesic A, Terzic S, Dendusic N, Biber E, Sehic A, Zvizdic N, Letic E, Saracevic A, Hamidovic A, Selak N, Horozic D, Hukic L, Muhic A, Vanis N, Sokolovic E, Sabic A, Becker K, Novochadlo Klüppel E, dos Santos Dias AIB, Agulham MA, Bischoff C, Sabbatini S, Fernandes de Souza R, Souza Machado AB, Werneck Raposo J, da Silva Augusto ML, Martins BM, de Souza Santos Ferreira M, Fernandes de Oliveira D, Silva dos Santos C, Ribeiro de Fernández y Alcázar F, Alves Dutra da Silva É, Furtado M, Tamada H, Silva Ferreira dos Santos M, Lopes de Almeida T, Oliveira de Andrade S, Gurgel do Amaral AC, Sartori Giovanoni L, de Deus Passos Leles K, Corrêa Costa E, Feldens L, Ferraz Schopf L, Soares de Fraga JC, Colombo de Holanda F, Brolin Santis Isolan PM, Loyola Ferreira J, Bruxel CL, Lopes Teixeira Ferdinando D, Zottis Barcelos F, Baseggio N, Knorr Brenner N, Trindade Deyl R, Dure C, Nunes Kist I, Bueno Mazzuca R, Bueno Motter S, Ramos Y, Suzana Trein C, Rezende Rosa B, de Assis Silva M, Menin FA, Semensato Carloni IC, Norberto da Silva JA, Gomes AL, Girão Tauffer M, Bassan Gonçalves PC, Nogueira Marques GM, Moriya E, Labonia C, Carrasco AL, Furtado Meyer K, Farion-Aguiar L, Amado F, Antunes A, Silva E, Telles L, Almeida G, Belmino Gadelha AA, de Azevedo Belesa F, Gonçalves da Cunha, Jr A, Souza Barros B, Zanellato JB, Guimarães P, Silva KID, Ribas B, Reuter C, Casado FT, Correa Leite MT, Testoni D, Guinsburg R, de Campos Vieira Abib S, Khodor Cury E, Dornellas do Nascimento S, Almeida Aguiar A, Melo Gallindo R, Gonçalves Borges C, Liu Y, Duote C, Wang J, Gao Z, Liang L, Luo W, Zhao X, Chen R, Wang P, Han Y, Huang T, Donglai H, Xiaodong G, Junjie C, Zhu L, Wu G, Bao X, Li H, Lv J, Li Z, Yong F, Gao ZC, Bai Q, Tang W, Xie H, Motee J, Zhu J, Wen G, Ruan W, Li S, Chen L, Huang S, Lv Z, Lu J, Huang L, Yu M, Dajia W, Bai YZ, Rincon LC, Mancera J, Alzate Gallego E, Torres-Canchala L, Silva Beltrán N, Osorio Fory G, Castaño Avila D, Forero Ladino AM, Gomez J, Jaramillo M, Morales O, Sanchez B, Tinoco Guzmán NJ, Castañeda Espinosa S, Prieto Vargas O, Pardo LM, Toral E, Cáceres Aucatoma F, Hinostroza D, Valencia S, Salinas V, Landivar Cino E, Ponce Fajardo GY, Astudillo M, Garcia V, Muñoz G, Verduga L, Verduga I, Murillo E, Bucaram E, Guayelema M, Marmol M, Sanchez J, Vergara C, Mena A, Velaña J, Salazar K, Lara S, Chiriboga E, Silva J, Gad D, Samy D, Elsadek MA, Mohammed HM, Abouheba M, Ali KO, Rashwan H, Fawzy OM, Kamel TM, Nemer R, Hassan MA, Falah EH, Abdelhady DS, Zain M, Ibrahim EAA, Elsiraffy OO, Aboelela A, Farag EM, Oshiba AM, Emam OS, Attia AM, Laymouna MA, Ghorab IA, Mohammed MM, Soliman NA, Ghaly KAE, Sadek K, Elsherbiny M, Saleh A, Sheir H, Wafa T, Elmenam MA, Abdelmaksoud S, Reda A, Mansour I, Elzohiri M, Waseem B, Elewaily M, El-Ghazaly M, Elhattab A, Shalaby A, Elsaied A, Adawy A, Sadek M, Ahmed MA, Herdan MO, Elassall GMH, Mohammed AA, Takrouney MH, Essa TM, Mahmoud AM, Saad AM, Fouly MAN, Ibrahim MA, Nageh M, Saad MM, Badr H, Fouda MF, Nofal AH, Almohamady H, Arafa MA, Amad M, Mansour MA, O'Connor J, O'Connor Z, Anatole N, Nkunzimana E, Machemedze S, Dieudonné L, Appeadu-Mensah W, Anyomih TTK, Alhassan P, Abantanga FA, Michael V, Mary Koshy R, Raj A, Kumar V, PT S, Prabhu PS, Vosoughi A, Al-Mayoof AF, Fadhle MJ, Joda AE, Algabri HNO, Al-Taher RN, Abdelhamid SS, Al-Momani HM, Amarin M, Zaghlol LY, Alsaadi NN, Qwaider YZ, Qutishat H, Aliwisat AH, Arabiat E, Bsisu I, Murshidi RM, Jabaiti MS, Bataineh ZA, Abuhayyeh HA, Quran TMA, Za'nouneh FJA, Alebbini MM, Qudah HA, Hussein OG, Murad AM, Amarin JZ, Suradi HH, Alzraikat SH, Omari RY, Matour BM, Al-Halbouni L, Zurikat RO, Yanis AH, Hussein SA, Shoubaki A, Ghanem WH, David K, Chitiavi SW, Mose M, Mugo R, Ndungu J, Mwai T, Shahbal S, Malik J, Chauhan N, Syovata F, Ochieng K, Omendo Liyenzero P, Hussain SR, Mugambi S, Ochieng R, Elkhazmi EOA, Khaled A, Albozidi A, Enbaya MB, Elgammudi M, Soula E, Khalel WIA, Elhajjaji YA, Alwaggaa NA, Ghayth S, Zreeg DA.S, Tantush SA, Bibas F, Layas T, Sharif RAM, Aljadidi WOFS, Tarek A, Ahmed H, Essamilghi KAM, Alfoghi M, Abuhlega MA, Arrmali S, Abduljawad FM, Alosta HM, Abuajaila A, Abdelmutalib F, Bashir F, Almengar I, Annajjar MH, Deyab A, Elzowawi F, Krayem Y, Drah W, Meftah A, Mohammed A, Arrmalli LA, Aljaboo H, Elayeb A, Altomi M, Altaweel A, Tumi M, Bazozi HM, Shaklawoon A, Alglaib MM, Elkaloush AA, Trainba S, Swessi H, Alnaeri A, Shnishah AE, Mustufa H, Gargum SA, Tarniba SA, Shalluf HA, Shokri HA, Sarkaz TL, Tababa O, Elhadi A, Naunova VC, Jovcheski L, Kamilovski M, Gavrilovska-Brzanov A, Latiff ZA, Pauzi SFM, Osman M, Lim F, Bakar AHA, Zaman ASK, Ishak S, Teo R, Qi DTTH, Othman MYB, Zahari DDZB, Hassan ZBM, Shan CH, Lechmiannandan A, Tamaddun HFB, Adanan MFSBM, Abdullah MYB, Junyi W, Nor MTM, Noor WR, Hassan MRB, Dalek NFRA, Hashim HHB, Zarwawi AZB, Vellusamy VMM, Yuen QS, Kannessan HA, Ramli NB, Bujarimin ASB, Anntinea J, Dass A, Khalid HM, Hanifah NABM, Jyun KWY, Razak RBA, Naim NABM, Hamzah SNABH, Vidal CRZ, Bracho Blanchet E, Dávila Perez R, Fernandez Portilla E, Villegas Silva R, Ibarra D, Calderon Moore A, Carrasco-Ortega C, Noguez Castillo M, Herappe Mellado D, Yanowsky Reyes G, Gonzalez Cortez LF, Santana Ortiz R, Orozco Perez J, Corona C.Rivera JR, Cardenas Ruiz Velasco JJ, Quiles Corona M, Peña Padilla C, Bobadilla Morales L, Corona Rivera A, Rios Flores IM, Aranda Sánchez CI, Ambriz-González G, Martínez Hernández Magro N, León Frutos FJ, Cárdenas Barón JDJ, González Ojeda A, 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Ugwu JO, Ugwunne CA, Akhter N, Gondal MF, Raza R, Chaudary AR, Ali H, Nisar MU, Jamal MU, Pandit GS, Mumtaz U, Amjad MB, Talat N, Rehman WU, Saleem M, Mirza MB, Hashim I, Haider N, Hameed S, Saleem A, Dogar S, Sharif M, Bashir MK, Naumeri F, Rani Z, Baniowda MA, Ba'baa' B, Hassan MYM, Darwish A, Sehwiel AS, Shehada M, Balousha AG, Ajrami Y, Alzamari AAM, Yaghi B, Al-saleem HSHA, Farha MSA, Abdelhafez MOM, Anaya F, Qadomi AB, Odi AANB, Assi MAF, Sharabati F, Abueideh A, Beshtawi DMS, Arafat H, Khatatba LZA, Abatli SJ, Al-Tammam H, Jaber D, Kayed YIO, Abumunshar AA, Misk RA, Alzeer AMS, Sharabati M, Ghazzawi I, Darras OM, M.Qabaja M, Hajajreh MS, Samarah YA, Yaghi DH, Qunaibi MAF, Mayaleh AA, Joubeh S, Ebeido A, Adawi S, Adawi I, Alqor MOI, Arar AS, Awad H, Abu-Nejmah F, Shabana OS, Alqarajeh F, Alzughayyar TZ, Madieh J, Sbaih MF, Alkareem RMA, Lahlooh RA, Halabi YA, Baker W, Almusleh TFH, Tahyneh AAA, Atatri YYM, Jamie NA, Massry NAA, Lubbad W, A.Nemer A, Alser M, Salha AAS, Alnahhal K, Elmzyyen AM, Ghabayen ATS, Alamrain AAA, Al-Shwaikh SH, Elshaer OA, Shaheen N, Fares J, Dalloul H, Qawwash A, Jayyab MA, Ashour DA, Shaheen AA, Naim SRR, Shiha EA, Dammagh NMA, Almadhoun W, Al-Salhi AA, Hammato AY, Salim JM, Hasanain DK, Alwadia SMS, Nassar I, Al-Attar HM, Alshaikhkhalil HAA, Jamie YMKA, Ashour YS, Alijla SS, Tallaa MAE, Abuattaya AA, Wishah BD, ALDIRAWI MOHAMMEDA, Darwish AS, Alzerei ST, Wishah N, Alijla S, Garcia I, Diaz Echegaray M, Cañapataña Sahuanay VR, Trigoso Mori F, Alvarado Zelada J, Salinas Barreto JJ, Rivera Altamirano P, Torres Miranda C, Anicama Elias R, Rivera Alvarez J, Vasquez Matos JP, Ayque Rosas F, Ledesma Peraza J, Gutarra Palomino A, Vega Centen S, Casquero V, Ortiz Argomedo MR, Lapouble F, Llap Unchón G, Delgado Malaga FP, Ortega Sotelo L, Gamboa Kcomt S, Villalba Villalba A, Mendoza Leon NR, Cardenas Alva LR, Loo Neyra MS, Alanguia Chipana CL, Torres Picón CMDJ, Huaytalla Quiroz N, Dominguez D, Segura Calle C, Arauco J, Ormeño Calderón L, Ghilardi Silva X, Fernandez Wilson MD, Gutierrez Maldonado JE, Diaz Leon C, Berrocal Anaya W, Chavez Galvez P, Aguilar Gargurevich PP, Diaz Castañeda FDM, Guisse C, Ramos Paredes E, Apaza Leon JL, Aguilar Aguilar F, Ramirez De La Cruz R, Flores Carbajal L, Mendoza Chiroque C, Sulca Cruzado GJ, Tovar Gutierrez N, Sotelo Sanchez J, Paz Soldan C, Hernández Córdova K, Delgado Quinteros EF, Brito Quevedo LM, Mendoza Oviedo JJ, Samanez Obeso A, Paredes Espinoza P, de Guzman J, Yu R, Cosoreanu V, Ionescu S, Mironescu A, Vida L, Papa A, Verdeata R, Gavrila B, Muntean L, Lukac M, Stojanovic M, Toplicic D, Slavkovic M, Slavkovi A, Zivanovic D, Kostic A, Raicevic M, Nkuliza D, Sidler D, Vos CD, Merwe EV, Tasker D, Khamag O, Rengura C, Siyotula T, Jooma U, Delft DV, Arnold M, Mangray H, Harilal S, Madziba S, Wijekoon N, Gamage T, Bright BP, Abdulrahman A, Mohammed OAA, Salah M, Ajwa AEA, Morjan M, Batal MM, Faks V, Mouti MB, Assi A, Al-Mouakeh A, Tarabishi AS, Aljarad Z, Alhamid A, Khorana J, Poocharoen W, Liukitithara S, Sriniworn A, Nuntasunti W, Ngerncham M, Phannua R, Thaiwatcharamas K, Tanming P, Sahnoun L, Kchiche N, Abdelmoumen R, Eroğlu E, Ozen MA, Cömert HSY, İmamoğlu M, Sarıhan H, Kader Ş, Mutlu M, Aslan Y, Beşir A, Geze Ş, Çekiç B, Yalcinkaya A, Sönmez K, Karabulut R, Türkyılmaz Z, Şeref K, Altın M, Aykut M, Akan M, Erdem M, Ergenekon E, Türkyılmaz C, Keleş E, Canözer A, Yeniay AÖ, Eren E, Cesur İB, Özçelik Z, Kurt G, Mert MK, Kaya H, Çelik M, Karakus SC, Erturk N, Suzen A, Hakan N, Akova F, Pasaoglu M, Eshkabilov S, Yuldashev RZ, Abdunomonovich DA, Muslimovich AM, Patel A, Kapihya C, Ensar N, Nataraja RM, Sivasubramaniam M, Jones M, Teague W, Tanny ST, Thomas G, Roberts K, Venkatraman SS, Till H, Pigeolet M, Dassonville M, Shikha A, Win WSP, Ahmad ZAH, Meloche-Dumas L, Caouette-Laberge L, St-Vil D, Aspirot A, Piché N, Joharifard S, Safa N, Laberge JM, Emil S, Puligandla P, Shaw K, Wissanji H, Duggan E, Guadagno E, Puentes MC, Leal PO, Mendez Benavente C, Rygl M, Trojanová B, Berková K, Racková T, Planka L, Škvařil J, Štichhauer R, Sabti S, Macdonald A, Bouhadiba N, Kufeji D, Pardy C, Mccluney S, Keshtgar A, Roberts R, Rhodes H, Burns K, Garrett-Cox R, Ford K, Cornwall H, Ravi K, Arthur F, Losty P, Lander T, Jester I, Arul S, Gee O, Soccorso G, Singh M, Pachl M, Martin B, Alzubair A, Kelay A, Sutcliffe J, Middleton T, Thomas AH, Kurian M, Cameron F, Sivaraj J, Thomas MC, Rex D, Jones C, Bradshaw K, Bonnard A, Delforge X, Duchesne C, Gall CL, Defert C, Laraqui Hossini S, Guerin F, Hery G, Fouquet-Languillat V, Kohaut J, Broch A, Blanc T, Harper L, Delefortrie T, Ballouhey Q, Fourcade L, Grosos C, Parmentier B, Levard G, Grella MG, Renaux Petel M, Grynberg L, Abbo O, Mouttalib S, Juricic M, Scalabre A, Haraux E, Rissmann A, Krause H, Goebel P, Patzer L, Rolle U, Schmedding A, Antunez-Mora A, Tillig B, Bismarck SV, Barbosa PR, Knorr C, Stark D, Brunero M, Avolio L, Manni F, Molinelli M, Guazzotti M, Raffaele A, Romano PG, Cavaiuolo S, Parigi GB, Juhasz L, Rieth A, Strumila A, Dagilytė R, Liubsys A, Gurskas P, Malcius D, Mikneviciute A, Vinskaite A, Barauskas V, Vierboom L, Hall T, Beasley S, Goddard L, Stringer M, Weeratunga N, Adams S, Cama J, Wong M, Jayaratnam S, Kukkady A, Samarakkody U, Gerus S, Patkowski D, Wolny A, Koszutski T, Tobor S, Osowicka M, Czauderna P, Wyrzykowski D, Garnier H, Anzelewicz S, Marta O, Knurowska A, Weiszewsk A, Grabowski A, Korlacki W, Pasierbek M, Wolak P, Piotrowska A, Roszkiewicz A, Kalicińsk P, Trypens A, Kowalewsk G, Sigalet D, Alsaied A, Ali M, Alsaggaf A, Ghallab A, Owiwi Y, Zeinelabdeen A, Fayez M, Atta A, Zidan M, Radwan AS, Shalaby H, Abdelbaqi R, Alattas K, Kano Y, Sindi O, Alshehri A, Altokhais T, Alturki F, Almosaibli M, Krisanova D, Abbas W, Yang HB, Kim HY, Youn JK, Chung JH, Cho SH, Hwang IJ, Lee JY, Song ES, Arboleda J, Ruiz de Temiño Bravo M, Siles Hinojosa A, García M, Casal Beloy I, Oliu San Miguel D, Molina Vazquez ME, Alonso V, Sanchez A, Gomez O, Carrillo I, Wester T, Mesas Burgos C, Hagander L, Salö M, Omling E, Rudolfson N, Granéli C, Arnadóttir H, Grottling E, Abrahamsson K, Gatzinsky V, Dellenmark Blom M, Borbonet D, Puglia P, Jimenez Morejon V, Acuna G, Moraes M, Chan J, Brahmamdam P, Tom A, Sherer K, Gonzales B, Cunningham A, Krishnaswami S, Baertschiger R, Leech M, Williams R, Camp L, Gosain A, Mora M, Lyttle BD, Chang J, McColl Makepeace L, Fowler KL, Mansfield S, Hodgman E, Amaechi C, Beres A, Pernik MN, Dosselman LJ, Almasri M, Jain S, Modi V, Fernandez Ferrer M, Coon J, Gonzalez J, Honhar M, Ruzgar N, Coghill G, Ullrich S, Cheung M, Løfberg K, Greenberg J, Davenport K, Gadepalli S, Fox S, Johnson S, Pilkington M, Hamilton A, Lin N, Sola J, Yao Y, Davis JK, Langer M, Vacek J, Abdullah F, Khlevner J, Middlesworth W, Levitt M, Ahmad H, Siddiqui SM, Bowder A, Derks T, Amoabin AA, Pinar B, Owusu-Sekyere F, Saousen B, Naidoo R, Karamustafic A, Oliveira DPD, Motter SB, Andrade J, Šafus A, Langley J, Wilke A, Deya C, Murtadi HM, Berzanskis M, Calistus N, Ajiboye OS, Felix M, Olabisi OO, Erçin S, Muradi T, Burks SS, Lerma S, Jacobson J, Calancea C, Valerio-Vazquez R, Sikwete G, Sekyere O, Mbonisweni A, Syed S, Hyeon CS, Pajouhandeh F, Kunfah SMP. Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study. Lancet 2021; 398:325-339. [PMID: 34270932 PMCID: PMC8314066 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. METHODS We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. FINDINGS We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36-39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3-3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88-4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59-2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04-1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4-5 vs ASA 1-2, 1·82 [1·40-2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1-2, 1·58, [1·30-1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02-1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41-2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05-1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47-0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50-0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48-1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. INTERPRETATION Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030. FUNDING Wellcome Trust.
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Olajide T, Seyi-Olajide J, Ugburo A, Oridota E. Self-Assessment of Final Year Medical Students’ Proficiency at Basic Procedures. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2014.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Procedural tasks are important in patient management, with varying degrees of proficiency expected at different levels of medical training. Little has been done in this region to assess the medical students’ proficiency at performing basic procedures.AIM: The aim of this study is to determine their self-assessed proficiency, degree of participation in performing these procedures and the use of skill-lab training.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is questionnaire-based, amongst final year medical students of University of Lagos, Nigeria.RESULTS: One hundred and forty students participated in the study. A significant number (82{58.6%}) self-reported level of proficiency for venepuncture was above average or excellent; for IV line placement it was a little less than half (65{46.4%}) and for urethral catheterisation 44 (31.7%); however it was quite low for the other procedures. Many students self-reported high level of participation for venepuncture (83{59.2%}); sixty one (43.6%) for IV line placement and 30 (21.7%) for urethral catheterization. The correlations between self-assessed levels of proficiency and participation were significant for all procedures. There was no exposure to the use of mannequins.CONCLUSION: Self-reported proficiency is lacking for basic procedures in a significant proportion of students with a low level of participation.
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