1
|
Tsurusaki Y, Kosho T, Hatasaki K, Narumi Y, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Doi H, Saitsu H, Miyake N, Matsumoto N. Exome sequencing in a family with an X-linked lethal malformation syndrome: clinical consequences of hemizygous truncating OFD1 mutations in male patients. Clin Genet 2012; 83:135-44. [PMID: 22548404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1; OMIM #311200) is an X-linked dominant disorder, caused by heterozygous mutations in the OFD1 gene and characterized by facial anomalies, abnormalities in oral tissues, digits, brain, and kidney; and male lethality in the first or second trimester pregnancy. We encountered a family with three affected male neonates having an 'unclassified' X-linked lethal congenital malformation syndrome. Exome sequencing of entire transcripts of the whole X chromosome has identified a novel splicing mutation (c.2388+1G > C) in intron 17 of OFD1, resulting in a premature stop codon at amino acid position 796. The affected males manifested severe multisystem complications in addition to the cardinal features of OFD1 and the carrier female showed only subtle features of OFD1. The present patients and the previously reported male patients from four families (clinical OFD1; Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, type 2 with an OFD1 mutation; Joubert syndrome-10 with OFD1 mutations) would belong to a single syndrome spectrum caused by truncating OFD1 mutations, presenting with craniofacial features (macrocephaly, depressed or broad nasal bridge, and lip abnormalities), postaxial polydactyly, respiratory insufficiency with recurrent respiratory tract infections in survivors, severe mental or developmental retardation, and brain malformations (hypoplasia or agenesis of corpus callosum and/or cerebellar vermis and posterior fossa abnormalities).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Tsurusaki
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sasaki M, Fujiwara M, Ishizuka H, Klaus W, Wakui K, Takeoka M, Miki S, Yamashita T, Wang Z, Tanaka A, Yoshino K, Nambu Y, Takahashi S, Tajima A, Tomita A, Domeki T, Hasegawa T, Sakai Y, Kobayashi H, Asai T, Shimizu K, Tokura T, Tsurumaru T, Matsui M, Honjo T, Tamaki K, Takesue H, Tokura Y, Dynes JF, Dixon AR, Sharpe AW, Yuan ZL, Shields AJ, Uchikoga S, Legré M, Robyr S, Trinkler P, Monat L, Page JB, Ribordy G, Poppe A, Allacher A, Maurhart O, Länger T, Peev M, Zeilinger A. Field test of quantum key distribution in the Tokyo QKD Network. Opt Express 2011; 19:10387-10409. [PMID: 21643295 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A secure communication network with quantum key distribution in a metropolitan area is reported. Six different QKD systems are integrated into a mesh-type network. GHz-clocked QKD links enable us to demonstrate the world-first secure TV conferencing over a distance of 45km. The network includes a commercial QKD product for long-term stable operation, and application interface to secure mobile phones. Detection of an eavesdropper, rerouting into a secure path, and key relay via trusted nodes are demonstrated in this network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sasaki
- Quantum ICT Laboratory, National Institute of Information and Communication Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nakagawasai O, Murata A, Arai Y, Ohba A, Wakui K, Mitazaki S, Niijima F, Tan-No K, Tadano T. Enhanced head-twitch response to 5-HT-related agonists in thiamine-deficient mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:1003-10. [PMID: 17372673 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 02/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
While many studies suggest an involvement of brain serotonergic systems in neuro-psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression, their role in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) remains unclear. Since dietary thiamine deficiency (TD) in mice is considered as a putative model of WKS, it was used in the present study to investigate the function of serotonergic neurons in this disorder. After 20 days of TD feeding, the intensity of tryptophan hydroxylase immunofluorescence was found to be significantly decreased in the dorsal and medial raphe nuclei. In addition, the head-twitch response (HTR) elicited by the intracerebroventricular administration of the 5-HT(2A) agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride (DOI) was significantly increased in TD versus control mice, whereas the injection of ketanserin, a 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist, prevented this enhancement. A single injection of thiamine HCl on the 19th day of TD feeding did not reduce the enhanced DOI-induced HTR. On the other hand, the administration of d-fenfluramine, a 5-HT releaser, did not enhance the HTR in TD mice. Together, our results indicate that TD causes a super-sensitivity of 5-HT(2A) receptors by reducing presynaptic 5-HT synthesis derived from degenerating neurons projecting from the raphe nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Nakagawasai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kubota T, Wakui K, Nakamura T, Ohashi H, Watanabe Y, Yoshino M, Kida T, Okamoto N, Matsumura M, Muroya K, Ogata T, Goto Y, Fukushima Y. The proportion of cells with functional X disomy is associated with the severity of mental retardation in mosaic ring X Turner syndrome females. Cytogenet Genome Res 2004; 99:276-84. [PMID: 12900575 DOI: 10.1159/000071604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2003] [Accepted: 02/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Turner syndrome females (45,X) do not have mental retardation (MR), whereas some mosaic ring X Turner syndrome females, with 45,X/46,X,r(X), have severe MR. The MR is believed to be caused by a failure of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) of the small ring X chromosome, which leads to functional X disomy (FXD), To explore this hypothesis, we examined the proportion of FXD cells in the peripheral blood of four ring X Turner syndrome females with various levels of MR, using two newly developed XCI assays based on DNA methylation of X-linked genes. As a result, the two patients with extremely severe MR showed complete FXD patterns, whereas the remaining two patients with relatively milder MR showed partial FXD patterns. These results indicate that the proportion of FXD cells may be associated with the severity of MR in mosaic ring X Turner syndrome females, although this association should be confirmed by examining brain cells during development. One of the cases with severe MR and a complete FXD pattern neither lacked the XIST gene nor had uniparental X isodisomy, and we discuss the mechanism of the failure of XCI in this case.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics
- DNA Methylation
- Dosage Compensation, Genetic
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Mental Retardation, X-Linked/genetics
- Mental Retardation, X-Linked/pathology
- Mosaicism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- Ring Chromosomes
- Severity of Illness Index
- Sex Chromosome Aberrations
- Turner Syndrome/genetics
- Turner Syndrome/pathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Kubota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Matsumura M, Kubota T, Hidaka E, Wakui K, Kadowaki S, Ueta I, Shimizu T, Ueno I, Yamauchi K, Herzing LB, Nurmi EL, Sutcliffe JS, Fukushima Y, Katsuyama T. 'Severe' Prader-Willi syndrome with a large deletion of chromosome 15 due to an unbalanced t(15,22)(q14;q11.2) translocation. Clin Genet 2003; 63:79-81. [PMID: 12519378 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2003.630114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Wakui K, Fukushima Y. [Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome, type II]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2002:755-6. [PMID: 11529008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
Miyoshi O, Yabe R, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Koizumi S, Uchikawa M, Kajii T, Numakura C, Takahashi S, Hayasaka K, Niikawa N. Two cases of mosaic RhD blood-group phenotypes and paternal isodisomy for chromosome 1. Am J Med Genet 2001; 104:250-6. [PMID: 11754053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
We encountered a 22-year-old man (case 1) and a 23-year-old woman (case 2), both unrelated and healthy. They were mosaic for the Rh blood group phenotype: one erythrocyte population was D-positive and the other was D-negative. Flow cytometric analysis of density profile of RhD antigen in their erythrocytes, and cytogenetic analysis including in situ hybridization using an RHD/RHCE-containing PAC clone, excluded a deletion of the RHD/RHCE gene complex, but suggested the presence of cells with uniparental disomy for chromosome 1 (UPD1). Microsatellite marker analysis was performed in both probands and their family members. In case 1, the analysis with markers spanning the chromosome 1 revealed both maternal and paternal alleles in his peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cells (EBL), and buccal mucosal cells. However, only paternal alleles were detected in all of 50 individual pieces of his hair or hair-roots and all of five monoclonal cell lines cloned from his established EBL. There was no direct evidence of heterozygous, biparental alleles in these two tissues. The presence of maternal isodisomy 1 was not absolutely ruled out in other tissues examined in case 1. Similar results were obtained in case 2, showing biparental, disomic patterns in her PBL and in 15 of 20 pieces of her hair roots, and showing monoallelic patterns in the remaining five pieces of hair roots. Analysis with markers for other autosomes confirmed their biparental inheritance. These findings indicated that both cases had at least two cell populations, one population having paternal UPD1 (isodisomy 1), and another heterozygous, biparental disomy 1. We emphasize that isodisomy for chromosome 1 is not infrequent and may cause unusual RhD phenotype, as seen in cases we described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Miyoshi
- Departments of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Inoue K, Kanai M, Tanabe Y, Kubota T, Kashork CD, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Lupski JR, Shaffer LG. Prenatal interphase FISH diagnosis of PLP1 duplication associated with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Prenat Diagn 2001; 21:1133-6. [PMID: 11787038 DOI: 10.1002/pd.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A submicroscopic genomic duplication in Xq22.2 that contains the entire proteolipid protein 1 gene (PLP1) is responsible for the majority of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) patients. We previously developed an interphase FISH assay to screen for PLP1 duplications in PMD patients using peripheral blood and lymphoblastoid cell lines. This assay has been utilized as a clinical diagnostic test in our cytogenetics laboratory. To expand usage of the interphase FISH assay to prenatal diagnosis of PLP1 duplications, we examined three PMD families with PLP1 duplications utilizing aminiotic fluid samples. In two families the FISH assay revealed fetuses with PLP1 duplications, whereas the other fetus showed a normal copy number of PLP1. Haplotype analyses, as well as an additional FISH analysis using postnatal blood samples, confirmed the results of the prenatal analyses. Our study demonstrates utility of the interphase FISH assay in the prenatal diagnosis of PLP1 duplications in PMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Inoue
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saito T, Kinoshita A, Makita Y, Wakui K, Honke K, Niikawa N, Taniguchi N. Domain-specific mutations of a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 latency-associated peptide cause Camurati-Engelmann disease because of the formation of a constitutively active form of TGF-beta 1. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:11469-72. [PMID: 11278244 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c000859200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is secreted as a latent form, which consists of its mature form and a latency-associated peptide (beta1-LAP) in either the presence or the absence of additional latent TGF-beta1-binding protein. We recently reported that three different missense mutations (R218H, R218C, and C225R) of beta1-LAP cause the Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hyperosteosis and sclerosis of the diaphysis of the long bones. Pulse-chase experiments using fibroblasts from CED patients and expression experiments of the mutant genes in an insect cell system suggest that these mutations disrupt the association of beta1-LAP and TGF-beta1 and the subsequent release of the mature TGF-beta1. Furthermore, the cell growth of fibroblasts from a CED patient and mutant gene-transfected fibroblasts was suppressed via TGF-beta1. The growth suppression observed was attenuated by neutralizing antibody to TGF-beta1 or by treatment of dexamethasone. On the other hand, the proliferation of human osteoblastic MG-63 cells was accelerated by coculture with CED fibroblasts. These data suggest that the domain-specific mutations of beta1-LAP result in a more facile activation of TGF-beta1, thus causing CED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A long-term follow-up study of a patient who had scoliosis associated with cri-du-chat syndrome was performed. OBJECTIVE To describe for the first time the characteristics and natural course of progressive scoliosis in a patient with cri-du-chat syndrome. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Scoliosis is a common condition in patients with cri-du-chat syndrome. However, there are no reports on the clinical characteristics and course of this spinal deformity. METHODS The current condition and radiographs of a 33-year-old man with cri-du-chat syndrome were assessed. The records and serial radiographs of his spine were reviewed retrospectively over a 29-year period, between ages 4 and 33 years. RESULTS The scoliosis had started before the initial radiographic examination and progressed rapidly during the growth period. After this stage, slow but continuous progression was observed over the next 10 years. The final curvature was quite substantial, measuring 119 degrees. CONCLUSIONS To determine the most appropriate treatment for the scoliosis associated with cri-du-chat syndrome, the characteristics and natural course of the scoliosis should be clarified. Although this first report on this type of scoliosis is informative, more cases and further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Saito
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Seki H, Kubota T, Ikegawa S, Haga N, Fujioka F, Ohzeki S, Wakui K, Yoshikawa H, Takaoka K, Fukushima Y. Mutation frequencies of EXT1 and EXT2 in 43 Japanese families with hereditary multiple exostoses. Am J Med Genet 2001; 99:59-62. [PMID: 11170095 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010215)99:1<59::aid-ajmg1115>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary multiple exostoses (EXT) is an autosomal dominant bone disease characterized by the formation of cartilage-capped prominences. EXT is genetically heterogeneous with at least four chromosomal loci. Among the four loci, the exostosis type 1 gene (EXT1) and type 2 gene (EXT2) have been cloned. Previous studies have shown that disease-type-specific frequency of mutations is different among various ethnic populations. To determine those frequencies in the Japanese, we conducted a large-scale mutation screening on both genes. In 23 of 43 Japanese families examined, we found 21 different mutations, of which 18 are novel. Seventeen (40%) of the 23 families had a mutation in EXT1 and six (14%) had a mutation in EXT2, suggesting that the former mutations are more frequent than the latter in Japanese EXT families. Of the 17 families with EXT1 mutations, 13 had those causing premature termination of the EXT1 protein and four showed missense mutations, whereas five of the six families with EXT2 mutations had those causing premature termination and one showed missense mutation. Interestingly, all four EXT1 missense mutations occurred in an arginine residue at codon 340 (R340) that is known as a critical site for expression of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, suggesting that the region encompassing the arginine residue may play an important role in the function of the EXT1 protein. These results expand our knowledge of the ethnic difference of EXT and the structure-function relationship of the EXT genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ogata T, Muroya K, Sasagawa I, Kosho T, Wakui K, Sakazume S, Ito K, Matsuo N, Ohashi H, Nagai T. Genetic evidence for a novel gene(s) involved in urogenital development on 10q26. Kidney Int 2000; 58:2281-90. [PMID: 11115062 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the frequent association between distal 10q monosomy and urogenital anomalies suggests the presence of a gene(s) for urogenital development on distal 10q, molecular deletion mapping has not been performed for the putative gene(s). In this study, we examined genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with distal 10q monosomy. METHODS This study consisted of six karyotypic males (cases 1 through 6) and four karyotypic females (cases 7 through 10) with 10q26 monosomy. Cases 3 through 5 and 7 through 10 had urinary anomalies such as vesicoureteral reflux and hypoplastic kidney, and cases 1 through 6, 8, and 9 exhibited genital anomalies such as micropenis, hypospadias, cryptorchidism, and hypoplastic labia majora. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for 10q telomere, whole chromosome 10 painting, and microsatellite analysis for 35 loci on distal 10q were performed in cases 1 through 8. RESULTS FISH and whole chromosome painting confirmed distal 10q monosomy in cases 1 through 8. Microsatellite analysis revealed that hemizygosity for the region distal to D10S186 was shared by cases with urinary anomalies and that for the region distal to D10S1248 was common to cases with genital anomalies. Furthermore, it was indicated that PAX2, GFRA1, and EMX2 on distal 10q, in which the deletions could affect urinary and/or genital development, were present in two copies in cases 1 through 8. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that a novel gene(s) for urinary development and that for genital development reside in the approximately 20 cM region distal to D10S186 and in the approximately 10 cM region distal to D10S1248, respectively, although it remains to be determined whether the two types of genes are identical or different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wakui K, Aoyama T, Uchiyama A, Hashimoto T, Fukushima Y. Assignment of human fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase, very long-chain 1 gene (FACVL1) to human chromosome band 15q21.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2000; 81:292-3. [PMID: 9730624 DOI: 10.1159/000015051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ishikawa S, Ishikawa M, Tokuda T, Yoshida K, Wakui K, Matsuura S, Ohara S, Sekijima Y, Hidaka E, Fukushima Y, Shigeta H, Komatsu K, Ikeda S. Japanese family with an autosomal dominant chromosome instability syndrome: a new neurodegenerative disease? Am J Med Genet 2000; 94:265-70. [PMID: 11038437 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20001002)94:4<265::aid-ajmg1>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on a Japanese family having an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease with chromosomal instability and radiosensitivity. Clinical manifestations of affected members included short stature, osteoporosis, severe dental caries, and various neurological abnormalities, such as mental retardation, depression, dysarthria, hyperreflexia, and ataxic gait. MRI demonstrated a markedly atrophic spinal cord and degeneration of the white matter. Cytogenetic examination showed spontaneous chromosome rearrangements at 14q11.2 and hypersensitivity to radiation and bleomycin. The degree of these cytogenetic abnormalities was significantly higher in the patients than in normal controls but lower than in patients with ataxia telangiectasia or Nijmegen breakage syndrome. Moreover, genetic anticipation was observed in this family: the age of disease onset became earlier, MRI abnormalities more extensive, and the chromosome hypersensitivity to radiation increased in successive generations. We speculate that a basic defect in this family is a mutation in the gene that is responsible for DNA double-strand breakage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ishikawa
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ishikawa M, Hidaka E, Wakui K, Nakayama K, Takagi Y, Fukushima Y, Katsuyama T. [Habitual abortion and high frequency of low frequent X chromosome monosomy mosaicism: detection by interphase FISH analysis of buccal mucosa cells and lymphocytes]. Rinsho Byori 2000; 48:955-9. [PMID: 11215110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
FISH analysis using X alpha satellite probe was performed to the nuclei of lymphocytes obtained from fourteen women with having a history of habitual abortion for unknown causes(WHA) and from 65 normal control women(NW), in order to determine whether low frequency X monosomy mosaicism is one of the factors of habitual abortion. In parallel, the nuclei of buccal mucosa from 8 of WHA and 65 NW were also examined. Five hundreds of the interphase nuclei in each sample were observed. As results, the frequency of X monosomy in NW found in the lymphocytes or buccal mucosa was ranged from 0-3.2%(mean 1.59%, SD 0.69%) or from 0-3.2%(mean 1.24%, SD 0.85%), respectively. However, the occurrence of X monosomy in WHA was significantly higher compared with that of NW; i.e., 0.8-5.8%(mean 3.21%, SD 1.67) for lymphocytes, and 1.8-7.4%(mean 4.45%, SD 1.73%) for buccal mucosa. These results allowed us to define the reference intervals to discriminate WHA from NW were less than 2.97% or 2.94% for lymphocytes or buccal mucosa, respectively. Based on the reference intervals defined above, the high frequency of X monosomy mosaicism was actually found in 9 of 14 WHA. These results altogether strongly suggested that the low frequency X monosomy mosaicism was one of the factors of habitual abortion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ishikawa
- Central Clinical Laboratories, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto 390-8621
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Muroya K, Okuyama T, Goishi K, Ogiso Y, Fukuda S, Kameyama J, Sato H, Suzuki Y, Terasaki H, Gomyo H, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Ogata T. Sex-determining gene(s) on distal 9p: clinical and molecular studies in six cases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:3094-100. [PMID: 10999792 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.9.6771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report on clinical and molecular findings in five karyotypic males (cases 1-5) and one karyotypic female (case 6) with distal 9p monosomy. Cases 1-3 and 6 had female external genitalia, case 4 showed ambiguous external genitalia, and case 5 exhibited male external genitalia with left cryptorchidism and right intrascrotal testis. Gonadal explorations at gonadectomy in cases 3 and 4 revealed that case 3 had left streak gonad and right agonadism, and case 4 had bilateral hypoplastic testes. Endocrine studies in cases 1-4 and 6 showed that cases 1, 3, and 6 had definite primary hypogonadism, with basal FSH levels of 54, 39, and 41 IU/L, respectively, whereas case 2 with severe malnutrition was unremarkable for the baseline values, and case 4 had fairly good testicular function. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and microsatellite analyses demonstrated that all cases had hemizygosity of the 9p sex-determining region distal to D9S1779, with loss of the candidate sex-determining genes DMRT1 and DMRT2 from the abnormal chromosome 9. Sequence analysis in cases 1-4 and 6 showed that they had normal sequences of each exon of DMRT1 and the DM domain of DMRT2 on the normal chromosome 9, and that cases 1-4 had normal SRY sequence. The results provide further support for the presence of a sex-determining gene(s) on distal 9p and favor the possibility of DMRT1 and/or DMRT2 being the sex-determining gene(s). Furthermore, as hemizygosity of the 9p sex-determining region was associated with a wide spectrum of gonadogenesis from agonadism to testis formation in karyotypic males and with primary hypogonadism regardless of karyotypic sex, it is inferred that haploinsufficiency of the 9p sex-determining gene(s) primarily hinders the formation of indifferent gonad, leading to various degrees of defective testis formation in karyotypic males and impaired ovary formation in karyotypic females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Muroya
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ogata T, Kosho T, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Yoshimoto M, Miharu N. Short stature homeobox-containing gene duplication on the der(X) chromosome in a female with 45,X/46,X, der(X), gonadal dysgenesis, and tall stature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:2927-30. [PMID: 10946905 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.8.6745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report on a Japanese female with 45,X[40]/46,X, der(X)[60], primary amenorrhea, and tall stature. She was confirmed to have complete gonadal dysgenesis at 19 yr of age and was placed on hormone replacement therapy. Growth assessment revealed that she had a low normal height until her early teens, but continued to grow with a nearly constant height velocity in her late teens, attaining a final height of 172 cm (+ 2.9 SD), which surpassed her target height range. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for 10 loci/regions on the X-chromosome together with the whole X-chromosome and the Xp-specific and Xq-specific paintings showed that the der(X) chromosome was associated with duplication of roughly distal half of Xp, including SHOX (short stature homeobox-containing gene), and deletion of most of Xq. Microsatellite analysis for eight loci at Xp22 and nine loci at Xq26-28 indicated that the normal X-chromosome was of maternal origin, and the der(X) chromosome was of paternal origin. The results, in conjunction with the adult height data in 47,XXX, 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis, 47,XXY, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, and 46,X, idic(Xq-), suggest that the tall stature of this female is caused by the combined effects of SHOX duplication on the der(X) chromosome and gonadal estrogen deficiency. Furthermore, the similarity in the growth pattern between this female and patients with estrogen resistance or aromatase deficiency implies that the association of an extra copy of SHOX with gonadal estrogen deficiency may represent the further clinical entity for tall stature resulting from continued growth in late teens or into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yamada K, Tomita H, Yoshiura K, Kondo S, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Ikegawa S, Nakamura Y, Amemiya T, Niikawa N. An autosomal dominant posterior polar cataract locus maps to human chromosome 20p12-q12. Eur J Hum Genet 2000; 8:535-9. [PMID: 10909854 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We assigned the locus for a previously reported new type of autosomal dominant posterior polar cataract (CPP3) to 20p12-q12 by a genome-wide two-point linkage analysis with microsatellite markers. CPP3 is characterized by progressive, disc-shaped, posterior subcapsular opacity. The disease was seen in 10 members of a Japanese family and transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion through four generations. We obtained a maximum lod score (Zmax) of 3.61 with a recombination fraction (theta) of 0.00 for markers D20S917, D20S885 and D20S874. Haplotype analysis gave the disease gene localization at a 15.7-cM interval between D20S851 and D20S96 loci on chromosome 20p12-q12. Since the BFSP1 that encodes the lens-specific beaded filament structural protein 1 (filensin) has been mapped around the CPP3 region, we performed sequence analysis on its entire coding region. However, no base substitution or deletion was detected in the CPP3 patients. The mapping of the CPP3 locus to 20p12-q12 not only expands our understanding of the genetic heterogeneity in autosomal dominant posterior polar cataracts but also is a clue for the positional cloning of the disease gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Yamada
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ogata T, Wakui K, Kosho T, Muroya K, Yamanouchi Y, Takano T, Fukushima Y, Rappold G, Suzuki Y. Structural analysis of a rare rearranged Y chromosome and its bearing on genotype-phenotype correlation. Am J Med Genet 2000; 92:256-9. [PMID: 10842291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 9-year-old boy with a rare rearranged Y chromosome and borderline short stature (-2.0 SD). Standard metaphase chromosome analysis indicated a 46,X,i(Y)(q1O) karyotype, but high resolution G-banding showed an asymmetric band pattern for the rearranged Y chromosome. FISH and DNA studies for a total of 15 different Y chromosomal loci or regions showed that the rearranged Y chromosome was accompanied by: 1) a partial deletion of the short arm pseudoautosomal region (PAR1) involving SHOX, with the breakpoint distal to DXYS85; and 2) a partial duplication of Yq, with the breakpoint proximal to DAZ. The karyotype was determined as 46,X,?i(Y)(q1O).ish der(Y)(Yqter--> Yp11.3::Yq11.2-->Yqter)(DAZ++,DYZ3+,SRY +, SHOX-). The X chromosome and the autosomes were normal. The results suggest that haploinsufficiency of SHOX is primarily responsible for the borderline short stature, and that the deletion of the PAR1 may result in spermatogenic failure due to defective X-Y pairing and recombination in the PAR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghadami M, Makita Y, Yoshida K, Nishimura G, Fukushima Y, Wakui K, Ikegawa S, Yamada K, Kondo S, Niikawa N, Tomita HA. Genetic mapping of the Camurati-Engelmann disease locus to chromosome 19q13.1-q13.3. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66:143-7. [PMID: 10631145 PMCID: PMC1288319 DOI: 10.1086/302728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED [MIM 131300]), or progressive diaphyseal dysplasia, is an autosomal dominant sclerosing bone dysplasia characterized by progressive bone formation along the periosteal and endosteal surfaces at the diaphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bones and cranial hyperostosis, particularly at the skull base. The gene for CED, or its chromosomal localization, has not yet been identified. We performed a genomewide linkage analysis of two unrelated Japanese families with CED, in which a total of 27 members were available for this study; 16 of them were affected with the disease. Two-point linkage analysis revealed a maximum LOD score of 7.41 (recombination fraction.00; penetrance 1.00) for the D19S918 microsatellite marker locus. Haplotype analysis revealed that all the affected individuals shared a common haplotype observed, in each family, between D19S881 and D19S606, at chromosome 19q13.1-q13.3. These findings, together with a genetic distance among the marker loci, indicate that the CED locus can be assigned to a 15.1-cM segment between D19S881 and D19S606.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ghadami
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wakui K, Fukushima Y. [The referral reasons of chromosome analysis and selection of samples]. Nihon Rinsho 1999; 57 Suppl:624-7. [PMID: 10778207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wakui K, Tanemura M, Suzumori K, Hidaka E, Ishikawa M, Kubota T, Fukushima Y. Clinical applications of two-color telomeric fluorescence in situ hybridization for prenatal diagnosis: identification of chromosomal translocation in five families with recurrent miscarriages or a child with multiple congenital anomalies. J Hum Genet 1999; 44:85-90. [PMID: 10083730 DOI: 10.1007/s100380050115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis using human chromosome arm-specific telomeric probes (telomeric probes) was used successfully to detect each derivative chromosome of a translocation carrier in five couples who requested a prenatal diagnosis in future pregnancies. Most of the human chromosome terminal bands are G-band-negative, and even FISH analysis using whole-chromosome painting (wcp) probes are often of insufficient complexity to detect subtle chromosomal changes. A complete set of human telomeric probes was developed to improve the sensitivity of diagnosis of microdeletions or other cryptic rearrangements in telomeric regions. Two-color telomeric FISH was the only possible method for precise prenatal diagnosis of one of the couples, because the carrier's chromosomal aberration was too subtle to be detected by wcp FISH or conventional methods. We have demonstrated that two-color telomeric FISH has the potential to be a powerful new tool in the detection of cryptic chromosomal rearrangements involving telomeric regions in prenatal diagnosis precisely and in time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kubota T, Nonoyama S, Tonoki H, Masuno M, Imaizumi K, Kojima M, Wakui K, Shimadzu M, Fukushima Y. A new assay for the analysis of X-chromosome inactivation based on methylation-specific PCR. Hum Genet 1999; 104:49-55. [PMID: 10071192 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pattern of X-chromosome inactivation in females is currently evaluated by assays of differential methylation in the genes between the active and the inactive X chromosomes, with methylation-sensitive enzymes. We report a new assay in the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) locus involving a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) technique, independent of the use of restriction enzymes. The assay involves the chemical modification of DNA with sodium bisulfite and subsequent PCR. By using the assay with specific primers for the methylated allele, we obtained an X-inactivation pattern based on the ratio of the maternal inactive X to the paternal inactive X. These patterns were consistent with those obtained by conventional PCR assay at the same locus in 48 female cases. We also obtained another X-inactivation pattern based on the ratio of the maternal active X to the paternal active X by using specific primers for the unmethylated allele. The latter pattern was complementary to the former pattern, and a combination of these patterns produced a reliable X-inactivation pattern. The assay revealed that 12 (11%) of the 105 normal females had non-random inactivation patterns (>80:20 or <20:80). Four patients with an X; autosome translocation showed extremely non-random patterns, and these results were consistent with those obtained by previous molecular/cytogenetic studies. We conclude that M-PCR provides an accurate assay for X-inactivation and that it can be performed on various DNA samples unsuitable for restriction digestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Kubota
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kubota T, Sakurai A, Arakawa K, Shimazu M, Wakui K, Furihata K, Fukushima Y. Identification of two novel mutations in the OCRL1 gene in Japanese families with Lowe syndrome. Clin Genet 1998; 54:199-202. [PMID: 9788721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1998.tb04284.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL) is a rare X-linked disorder with features of congenital cataracts, Fanconi syndrome of the renal tubule, and mental retardation. The OCRL1 gene has been positionally cloned and shown to encode a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate-5-phosphatase. OCRL is thus thought to be an inborn error of inositol polyphosphate metabolism. We analyzed the gene in two Japanese OCRL patients and their families by DNA sequencing and mismatch polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion. A novel nonsense mutation (C1399T) replacing the glutamine of codon 391 (Gln 391 Stop) was identified in exon 12 in 1 patient and also in his mother. A novel missense mutation (C1743G) was identified in exon 15 in the second patient. his mother and maternal grandmother. The missense mutation predicts a substitution of serine for arginine (Ser 505 Arg) in a domain highly conserved among the inositol-5-phosphatase family. Our observations expand the range of OCRL1 mutations that cause Lowe syndrome, and will be useful for genetic counseling in these two families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Kubota
- Department of Hygiene and Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ogata T, Wakui K, Muroya K, Ohashi H, Matsuo N, Brown DM, Ishii T, Fukushima Y. Microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome in a mosaic female infant with monosomy for the Xp22 region: molecular analysis of the Xp22 breakpoint and the X-inactivation pattern. Hum Genet 1998; 103:51-6. [PMID: 9737776 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a female infant with microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome (MLS) and monosomy for the Xp22 region. Her clinical features included right microphthalmia and sclerocornea, left corneal opacity, linear red rash and scar-like skin lesion on the nose and cheeks, and absence of the corpus callosum. Cytogenetic studies revealed a 45,X[18]/46,X,r(X)(p22q21) [24]/46,X,del(X)(p22)[58] karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed that the ring X chromosome was positive for DXZ1 and XIST and negative for the Xp and Xq telomeric regions, whereas the deleted X chromosome was positive for DXZI, XIST, and the Xq telomeric region and negative for the Xp telomeric region. Microsatellite analysis for 19 loci at the X-differential region of Xp22 disclosed monosomy for Xp22 involving the critical region for the MLS gene, with the breakpoint between DXS1053 and DXS418. X-inactivation analysis for the methylation status of the PGK gene indicated the presence of inactive normal X chromosomes. The Xp22 deletion of our patient is the largest in MLS patients with molecularly defined Xp22 monosomy. Nevertheless, the result of X-inactivation analysis implies that the normal X chromosomes in the 46,X,del(X)(p22) cell lineage were more or less subject to X-inactivation, because normal X chromosomes in the 45,X and 46,X,r(X)(p22q21) cell lineages are unlikely to undergo X-inactivation. This supports the notion that functional absence of the MLS gene caused by inactivation of the normal X chromosome plays a pivotal role in the development of MLS in patients with Xp22 monosomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Imamura K, Tonoki H, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Sasaki S, Yausda K, Takekoshi Y, Tochimaru H. 4q33-qter deletion and absorptive hypercalciuria: report of two unrelated girls. Am J Med Genet 1998; 78:52-4. [PMID: 9637423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on two unrelated girls with multiple malformations, each of whom had a der(4)t(4;?)(q33;?) chromosome--an unbalanced translocation chromosome with deletion of the 4q33-qter segment and addition of a segment of an unknown chromosome. One of the two girls had asymptomatic kidney stones. Both had excess urinary calcium excretion (0.53 and 0.84 mg/mg creatinine, respectively), exaggerated excretion on oral calcium load, and reduced but excessive excretion on restricted calcium intake. The urinary calcium excretion of their parents was normal. Both girls were thus diagnosed to have sporadic absorptive hypercalciuria. It was deduced that the 4q33-qter segment contains the putative gene for absorptive hypercalciuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Imamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Aoyama T, Wakui K, Orii KE, Hashimoto T, Fukushima Y. Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of the alpha and beta subunits (HADHA and HADHB) of human mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex to 2p23 and their evolution. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1998; 79:221-4. [PMID: 9605857 DOI: 10.1159/000134727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex/trifunctional protein has an alpha4beta4 structure and catalyzes the second through fourth reactions of the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle. The alpha and beta subunits (HADHA and HADHB) are members of the enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase families, respectively. We analyzed the localization of each of these two genes (HADHA and HADHB) by in situ hybridization and found that both can be assigned to human chromosome band 2p23. Since the distance between the two loci is quite short, the two genes seem to exist side by side, as do the two (A and B subunit) genes of the bacterial fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex. This is an important and interesting finding in that two entirely different genes, encoding two independent proteins forming a multienzyme complex, are adjacent on chromosome band 2p23.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Aoyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hasegawa T, Hasegawa Y, Aso T, Koto S, Nagai T, Tsuchiya Y, Kim KC, Ohashi H, Wakui K, Fukushima Y. HDR syndrome (hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, renal dysplasia) associated with del(10)(p13). Am J Med Genet 1997; 73:416-8. [PMID: 9415468 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19971231)73:4<416::aid-ajmg9>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A combination of hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia has been considered to be a new syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion; we name the condition "HDR syndrome." We describe a Japanese girl who has HDR syndrome associated with de novo del(10)(p13). The chromosome deletion suggests that the putative gene(s) responsible for HDR syndrome is located at a 10pter-->p13 region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nagai M, Sakakibara J, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Igarashi S, Tsuji S, Arakawa M, Ono T. Localization of the squalene epoxidase gene (SQLE) to human chromosome region 8q24.1. Genomics 1997; 44:141-3. [PMID: 9286711 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Squalene epoxidase (EC 1.14.99.7) catalyzes the first oxygenation step in sterol biosynthesis and is suggested to be one of the rate-limiting enzymes in this pathway. We previously isolated the mammalian squalene epoxidase cDNAs and demonstrated the transcriptional regulation of human squalene epoxidase by sterols and inhibitors. The present study was undertaken to determine the chromosomal mapping of the human squalene epoxidase gene (SQLE). PCR evidence localizes human SQLE to chromosome 8 by using the NIGMS (National Institute of General Medical Sciences) Human/Rodent Somatic Cell Hybrid Mapping Panel 2 as template. To refine the localization of human SQLE further, PCR on the Stanford G3 Radiation Hybrid Panel was performed. The result shows that human SQLE is most tightly linked to D8S508, which is reported to be located at 8q24.13-qter (lod score 7.87). Moreover, fluorescence in situ hybridization also maps human SQLE to 8q24.1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nagai
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Orii KE, Aoyama T, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Miyajima H, Yamaguchi S, Orii T, Kondo N, Hashimoto T. Genomic and mutational analysis of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein beta-subunit (HADHB) gene in patients with trifunctional protein deficiency. Hum Mol Genet 1997; 6:1215-24. [PMID: 9259266 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/6.8.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (TP), an enzyme of beta-oxidation, is a multienzyme complex composed of four molecules of the alpha-subunit (HADHA) containing the enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase domains and four molecules of the beta-subunit (HADHB) containing the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase domain. An inborn error of this enzyme complex can cause sudden infant death syndrome, acute hepatic encephalopathy or liver failure, skeletal myopathy, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. TP deficiency is classified into two different biochemical phenotypes: one represents the existence of both subunits and the lack of only the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and the other represents the absence of both subunits and the lack of all three TP activities, although their clinical features are similar. We have identified two Japanese patients with this disorder. Three enzyme activities of TP were undetectable in fibroblasts from these two patients. We detected two mutations in the HADHB gene from two Japanese patients, an exonic single T insertion which created a new cryptic 5' splice site and a G1331A transition (R411 K). Patient 1 was a compound heterozygote, while patient 2 was a homozygote of a G1331A transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K E Orii
- Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine, Tsukasa-machi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim KC, Wakui K, Yamagishi A, Ohno T, Sato M, Imaizumi S, Aihara T, Fukushima Y, Ohashi H. Tetramelic mirror-image polydactyly and a de novo balanced translocation between 2p23.3 and 14q13. Am J Med Genet 1997; 68:70-3. [PMID: 8986279 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19970110)68:1<70::aid-ajmg13>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on a male infant with tetramelic mirror-image polydactyly and a de novo, balanced reciprocal translocation between 2p23.3 and 14q13. This patient suggests that a novel gene, which functions in the morphogenesis of the hands and feet along the anterior-posterior axis, may be located at 2p23.3 or 14q13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Kim
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Iwatsuki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wakui K, Ohashi H, Yamagishi A, Hamano S, Nara T, Ishikiriyama S, Nakamura Y, Fukushima Y. Interstitial duplication 8q22-q24: report of a case proven by FISH with mapped cosmid probes. Am J Med Genet 1996; 65:36-9. [PMID: 8914738 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19961002)65:1<36::aid-ajmg5>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 6-month-old malformed female infant with a de novo interstitial duplication of an 8q22-q24 segment. She had an excess dark-band on the 8q distal region by GTG-banded chromosome analysis, which was likely to be 8q23. We performed FISH analysis using cosmid probes mapped to 8q23 and proved that the patient had an 8q duplication including the 8q23 region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aoyama T, Wakui K, Fukushima Y, Orii KO, Hashimoto T. Assignment of the human mitochondrial very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene (LCACD) to 17p13 by in situ hybridization. Genomics 1996; 37:144-5. [PMID: 8921384 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Aoyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytologic characteristics of hemangioblastoma have not been well described, although hemangioblastoma is a common primary neoplasm in the cerebellar vermis, and its histologic feature is well known. CASE Hemangioblastoma was found in the cerebellar vermis of a 47-year-old male. Stamp specimens, made from the cut surface of a solid, yellow-tan tumor, showed many foamy cells considered to be stromal cells and capillaries in a hemorrhagic background. The stromal cells had round or oval nuclei with relatively fine chromatin and lacelike or granular, often vacuolated cytoplasm slightly stained light green. The stromal cells tended to gather around capillaries. CONCLUSION Distinguishing stromal cells from astrocytes or histiocytes was difficult in this case. Good knowledge of the cytologic characteristics, along with the clinical findings, seems necessary for an accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fukushima Y, Ohashi H, Wakui K, Nishimoto H, Sato M, Aihara T. De novo apparently balanced reciprocal translocation between 5q11.2 and 17q23 associated with Klippel-Feil anomaly and type A1 brachydactyly. Am J Med Genet 1995; 57:447-9. [PMID: 7677149 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320570317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report on a girl with Klippel-Feil anomaly, type A1 brachydactyly, and minor facial anomalies. She has an apparently balanced de novo reciprocal translocation between 5q11.2 and 17q23. The possible significance of this chromosomal abnormality is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ohashi H, Wakui K, Ogawa K, Okano T, Niikawa N, Fukushima Y. A stable acentric marker chromosome: possible existence of an intercalary ancient centromere at distal 8p. Am J Hum Genet 1994; 55:1202-8. [PMID: 7977381 PMCID: PMC1918454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A centromere is considered to be an essential chromosomal component where microtubule-kinetochore interaction occurs to segregate sister chromatids faithfully and acentric chromosomes are unstable and lost through cell divisions. We report a novel marker chromosome that was acentric but stable through cell divisions. The patient was a 2-year-old girl with mental retardation, patent ductus arteriosus, and mild dysmorphic features. G-banded chromosome analysis revealed that an additional small marker chromosome was observed in all 100 cells examined. By the reverse-chromosome-painting method, the marker was found to originate from the distal region of 8p, and a subsequent two-color FISH analysis with cosmid probes around the region revealed that the marker was an inverted duplication interpreted as 8pter-->p23.1::p23.1-->8pter. No centromeric region was involved in the marker. By FISH, no alpha-satellite sequence was detected on the marker, while a telomere sequence was detected at each end. Anti-kinetochore immunostaining, using a serum from a patient with CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud syndrome, esophageal dismotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia) syndrome, showed a pair of signals on the marker, which indicated that a functional kinetochore was present on the marker. The analysis of this patient might suggest the possibility that an ancient centromere sequence exists at distal 8p (8p23.1-pter) and was activated through the chromosome rearrangement in the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ohashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Iwatsuki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fukushima Y, Hoovers J, Mannens M, Wakui K, Ohashi H, Ohno T, Ueoka Y, Niikawa N. Detection of a cryptic paracentric inversion within band 11p13 in familial aniridia by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Hum Genet 1993; 91:205-9. [PMID: 8478003 DOI: 10.1007/bf00218257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the first familial case of dominantly inherited aniridia with a cryptic inversion within band 11p13. High-resolution chromosome analysis gave a suspicion of a tiny constitutional aberration around band 11p13 and fluorescence in situ hybridization using 11p cosmids successfully confirmed that the aniridia patients of this family have an inversion within band 11p13. The distal breakpoint of the inversion is telomeric to a candidate aniridia gene (AN2) and suggests that more genes might be involved in the etiology of aniridia. In situ hybridization is a powerful tool to detect cryptic rearrangements in sporadic or familial patients with aniridia. This family indicated the importance of careful observation of the 11p13 region of aniridia patients, even if the aniridia was autosomal dominantly inherited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wakui K, Kamijo Y, Seguchi K, Sakai T. Thrombosed aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery with occlusion of the distal parent artery--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 1992; 32:842-5. [PMID: 1280344 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.32.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A 54-year-old female presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of a small middle cerebral artery aneurysm, found to be thrombosed at surgery and not visualized on the preoperative angiograms. One major branch of the middle cerebral artery was found to be occluded near the trifurcation. The lumen of the branch proximal to the occlusion had appeared as the aneurysmal opacification on the preoperative angiograms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wakui K, Kobayashi S, Takemae T, Kamijoh Y, Nagashima H, Muraoka S. Giant thrombosed vertebral artery aneurysm managed with extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery and aneurysmectomy. Case report. J Neurosurg 1992; 77:624-7. [PMID: 1527623 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1992.77.4.0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A case is presented of a left giant thrombosed vertebral artery aneurysm in a 46-year-old man. The giant thrombosed aneurysm was successfully resected with trapping of the affected artery after right external carotid artery-posterior cerebral artery bypass surgery using a radial arterial graft. The clinical course is reported, and the details of the operative approach and techniques are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Naritomi K, Izumikawa Y, Nagataki S, Fukushima Y, Wakui K, Niikawa N, Hirayama K. Combined Goltz and Aicardi syndromes in a terminal Xp deletion: are they a contiguous gene syndrome? Am J Med Genet 1992; 43:839-43. [PMID: 1642272 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320430517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on 2 girls with a terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome X. They had microphthalmia, cloudy corneae, mild linear skin lesions, and agenesis of corpus callosum. A comparison of clinical and cytogenetic findings in similar cases suggested that the critical genes for the Goltz and Aicardi syndromes might be contiguous in the region Xp22.31.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Naritomi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fukushima Y, Ohashi H, Wakui K, Nishida T, Oh-ishi T. A rapid method for starting a culture for the establishment of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human lymphoblastoid cell lines. Jpn J Hum Genet 1992; 37:149-50. [PMID: 1327290 DOI: 10.1007/bf01899737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We developed a simple and efficient procedure for the establishment of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human lymphoblastoid cell lines. B-lymphocytes were obtained by centrifugation after hemolysis of red cells with a hemolysis buffer, instead of Ficoll-Parque gradient. We can start a primary culture within 15 min by using this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Kyoshima K, Kobayashi S, Wakui K, Ichinose Y, Okudera H. A newly designed puncture needle for suction decompression of giant aneurysms. Technical note. J Neurosurg 1992; 76:880-2. [PMID: 1564551 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1992.76.5.0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A newly designed puncture needle for aspirating large or giant aneurysms is described. This puncture needle represents a modification of an intravenous catheter with an internal needle. It is designed to prevent blood from leaking when the internal needle is removed and has a lateral tube for aspiration. Following aneurysm puncture with the parent artery temporarily trapped, the catheter is positioned on the head frame with a brain spatula and a self-retaining retractor. Blood is suctioned through the lateral tube with a syringe or the suction system normally used in the operating room.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kyoshima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fukushima Y, Wakui K, Nishida T, Ueoka Y. Blepharophimosis sequence and de novo balanced autosomal translocation [46,XY,t(3;4)(q23;p15.2)]: possible assignment of the trait to 3q23. Am J Med Genet 1991; 40:485-7. [PMID: 1746616 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320400423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on a boy with the blepharophimosis sequence and de novo, apparently balanced reciprocal translocation between 3q23 and 4p15.2 [46,XY,t(3;4)(q23;p15.2)de novo]. Possible assignment of this autosomal dominant disorder is discussed. A 3q23 band is a more preferable gene locus of the belpharophimosis sequence, based on the comparison of clinical manifestations between 4p- and 3q-syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Narahara K, Tsuji K, Yokoyama Y, Namba H, Murakami M, Matsubara T, Kasai R, Fukushima Y, Seki T, Wakui K. Specification of small distal 6q deletions in two patients by gene dosage and in situ hybridization study of plasminogen and alpha-L-fucosidase 2. Am J Med Genet 1991; 40:348-53. [PMID: 1951444 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320400322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gene-dosage and in situ hybridization study of plasminogen (PLG) and alpha-L-fucosidase 2 (FUCA2) was performed on two patients with a small deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 6, to define the structural abnormality more precisely. The results led to the cytogenetic diagnosis of an interstitial 6q deletion, del(6)(q25.1q25.3), in one patient and of a terminal 6q deletion resulting from a paternal t(1;6)(q44;q2605) translocation in the other patient. The latter patient had congenital noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to obstruction at the level of the foramen of Monro or the third ventricle which has not previously been described in terminal 6q deletions. Review of the literature suggests the emergence of a clinical syndrome associated with terminal 6q deletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Narahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Medical School, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wakui K, Nishida T, Masuda J, Itoh T, Katsumata D, Ohno T, Fukushima Y. De novo interstitial deletion of 4q[46,XX,del(4)(q27q28.2)] with intact blood group-MN locus, confining its locus to 4q28.2-4q31.1. Jinrui Idengaku Zasshi 1991; 36:149-53. [PMID: 1920913 DOI: 10.1007/bf01876577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a malformed female infant with de novo interstitial deletion of 4q[46,XX,del(4)(q27q28.2)]. The MN blood type analysis of the family members showed that the patient had an intact blood group-MN locus. The locus of the gene responsible for the MN antigen activity is confined to a 4q28.2-4q31.1 segment on the basis of the result of this patient and the previous mapping data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wakui K, Takemae T, Kobayashi S. [Evaluation of FOY therapy for DIC or pre-DIC associated with neurosurgical disease]. No Shinkei Geka 1990; 18:609-17. [PMID: 2118601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not a rare phenomenon in the neurosurgical field. We investigated the therapeutic effect of [Ethyl p - (6-guanidinohexanoyloxy) benzoate] methanesulfonate (FOY) for DIC or Pre-DIC states associated with neurosurgical disorders. During the previous three and half years, a total of 52 cases have been admitted to Shinshu University Hospital and its affiliated hospitals with DIC or Pre-DIC states due to brain disorders (group A) associated with head injuries (19 cases), subarachnoid hemorrhages caused by ruptured aneurysm (12 cases), intracranial hemorrhages and infarctions (5 cases), arteriovenous malformations (2 cases) and spinal cord injury (1 case), and with those states due to brain and another disorders (group B) associated with infections (7 cases), shocks (2 cases) and intoxications by drugs (2 cases). FOY was administered continuously for all patients. Clinical manifestations and laboratory data were analyzed statistically. Platelet count improved from during the 7th to the 10th day after starting FOY. It improved significantly in cases with a high DIC score and the improvement was not influenced by platelet transfusion. FDP, fibrinogen, prothrombin time and antithrombin-III also improved. DIC score remarkably improved in cases with an initial high DIC score. Hemorrhagic symptoms were recognized in 19 cases before administration of FOY and 14 of them (74%) improved after the treatment. Dysfunction of organs was recognized in 28 cases, of which 5 cases (18%) improved. Twenty-nine of 52 cases (56%) were still alive. Only two patients died due to DIC. There were no side effects associated with administration of FOY.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wakui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iiyama Red Cross Hospital, Iiyama, Nagano Prefecture
| | | | | |
Collapse
|