1
|
Bielfeldt M, Budde-Sagert K, Weis N, Buenning M, Staehlke S, Zimmermann J, Arbeiter N, Mobini S, González MU, Rebl H, Uhrmacher A, van Rienen U, Nebe B. Discrimination between the effects of pulsed electrical stimulation and electrochemically conditioned medium on human osteoblasts. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:71. [PMID: 37996914 PMCID: PMC10668359 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrical stimulation is used for enhanced bone fracture healing. Electrochemical processes occur during the electrical stimulation at the electrodes and influence cellular reactions. Our approach aimed to distinguish between electrochemical and electric field effects on osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. We applied 20 Hz biphasic pulses via platinum electrodes for 2 h. The electrical stimulation of the cell culture medium and subsequent application to cells was compared to directly stimulated cells. The electric field distribution was predicted using a digital twin. RESULTS Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed partial electrolysis at the electrodes, which was confirmed by increased concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in the medium. While both direct stimulation and AC-conditioned medium decreased cell adhesion and spreading, only the direct stimulation enhanced the intracellular calcium ions and reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION The electrochemical by-product hydrogen peroxide is not the main contributor to the cellular effects of electrical stimulation. However, undesired effects like decreased adhesion are mediated through electrochemical products in stimulated medium. Detailed characterisation and monitoring of the stimulation set up and electrochemical reactions are necessary to find safe electrical stimulation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meike Bielfeldt
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Kai Budde-Sagert
- Institute of Communications Engineering, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
- Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nikolai Weis
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Maren Buenning
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Susanne Staehlke
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Julius Zimmermann
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nils Arbeiter
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sahba Mobini
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ujué González
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henrike Rebl
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adelinde Uhrmacher
- Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ursula van Rienen
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Barbara Nebe
- Institute for Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|