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Rush RE, Blackwood CB, Lemons AR, Dannemiller KC, Green BJ, Croston TL. Corrigendum: Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1381148. [PMID: 38435307 PMCID: PMC10904637 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1381148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E. Rush
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Catherine B. Blackwood
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Angela R. Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Brett J. Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Tara L. Croston
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Van Dusen J, LeBlanc H, Nastasi N, Panescu J, Shamblin A, Smith JW, Sovic MG, Williams A, Quam MBM, Faith S, Dannemiller KC. Identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants in indoor dust. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297172. [PMID: 38335205 PMCID: PMC10857703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental surveillance of pathogens underlying infectious disease is critical to ensure public health. Recent efforts to track SARS-CoV-2 have utilized wastewater sampling to infer community trends in viral abundance and variant composition. Indoor dust has also been used for building-level inferences, though to date no sequencing data providing variant-scale resolution have been reported from dust samples, and strategies to monitor circulating variants in dust are needed to help inform public health decisions. In this study, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 lineages can be detected and sequenced from indoor bulk dust samples. We collected 93 vacuum bags from April 2021 to March 2022 from buildings on The Ohio State University's (OSU) Columbus campus, and the dust was used to develop and apply an amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing protocol to identify the variants present and estimate their relative abundances. Three variants of concern were detected in the dust: Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. Alpha was found in our earliest sample in April 2021 with an estimated frequency of 100%. Delta was the primary variant present from October of 2021 to January 2022, with an average estimated frequency of 91% (±1.3%). Omicron became the primary variant in January 2022 and was the dominant strain in circulation through March with an estimated frequency of 87% (±3.2%). The detection of these variants on OSU's campus correlates with the circulation of these variants in the surrounding population (Delta p<0.0001 and Omicron p = 0.02). Overall, these results support the hypothesis that dust can be used to track COVID-19 variants in buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Van Dusen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Haley LeBlanc
- Genetic Counseling Program, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Nastasi
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jenny Panescu
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Austin Shamblin
- Applied Microbiology Services Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacob W. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael G. Sovic
- Applied Microbiology Services Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Amanda Williams
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mikkel B. M. Quam
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Seth Faith
- Applied Microbiology Services Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Sustainability Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Cochran SJ, Acosta L, Divjan A, Lemons AR, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Sobek E, Green BJ, Perzanowski MS, Dannemiller KC. Fungal diversity in homes and asthma morbidity among school-age children in New York City. Environ Res 2023; 239:117296. [PMID: 37806477 PMCID: PMC10842248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma development has been inversely associated with exposure to fungal diversity. However, the influence of fungi on measures of asthma morbidity is not well understood. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to test the hypothesis that fungal diversity is inversely associated with neighborhood asthma prevalence and identify specific fungal species associated with asthma morbidity. METHODS Children aged 7-8 years (n = 347) living in higher (11-18%) and lower (3-9%) asthma prevalence neighborhoods were recruited within an asthma case-control study. Fungal communities were analyzed from floor dust using high-throughput DNA sequencing. A subset of asthmatic children (n = 140) was followed to age 10-11 to determine asthma persistence. RESULTS Neighborhood asthma prevalence was inversely associated with fungal species richness (P = 0.010) and Shannon diversity (P = 0.059). Associations between neighborhood asthma prevalence and diversity indices were driven by differences in building type and presence of bedroom carpet. Among children with asthma at age 7-8 years, Shannon fungal diversity was inversely associated with frequent asthma symptoms at that age (OR 0.57, P = 0.025) and with asthma persistence to age 10-11 (OR 0.48, P = 0.043). Analyses of individual fungal species did not show significant associations with asthma outcomes when adjusted for false discovery rates. DISCUSSION Lower fungal diversity was associated with asthma symptoms in this urban setting. Individual fungal species associated with asthma morbidity were not detected. Further research is warranted into building type, carpeting, and other environmental characteristics which influence fungal exposures in homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Cochran
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Angela R Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
| | - Edward Sobek
- Assured Bio Laboratories, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Brett J Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Zhang G, Song S, Panescu J, Shapiro N, Dannemiller KC, Qin R. A novel systems solution for accurate colorimetric measurement through smartphone-based augmented reality. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287099. [PMID: 37319291 PMCID: PMC10270580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the colors of objects is useful in a wide range of applications, including medical diagnosis, agricultural monitoring, and food safety. Accurate colorimetric measurement of objects is a laborious process normally performed through a color matching test in the laboratory. A promising alternative is to use digital images for colorimetric measurement, due to their portability and ease of use. However, image-based measurements suffer from errors caused by the non-linear image formation process and unpredictable environmental lighting. Solutions to this problem often perform relative color correction among multiple images through discrete color reference boards, which may yield biased results due to the lack of continuous observation. In this paper, we propose a smartphone-based solution, that couples a designated color reference board with a novel color correction algorithm, to achieve accurate and absolute color measurements. Our color reference board contains multiple color stripes with continuous color sampling at the sides. A novel correction algorithm is proposed to utilize a first-order spatial varying regression model to perform the color correction, which leverages both the absolute color magnitude and scale to maximize the correction accuracy. The proposed algorithm is implemented as a "human-in-the-loop" smartphone application, where users are guided by an augmented reality scheme with a marker tracking module to take images at an angle that minimizes the impact of non-Lambertian reflectance. Our experimental results show that our colorimetric measurement is device independent and can reduce up to 90% color variance for images collected under different lighting conditions. In the application of reading pH values from test papers, we show that our system performs 200% better than human reading. The designed color reference board, the correction algorithm, and our augmented reality guiding approach form an integrated system as a novel solution to measure color with increased accuracy. This technique has the flexibility to improve color reading performance in systems beyond existing applications, evidenced by both qualitative and quantitative experiments on example applications such as pH-test reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Zhang
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Geospatial Data Analytics Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Shuang Song
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Geospatial Data Analytics Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jenny Panescu
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Shapiro
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Environmental Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Sustainability Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rongjun Qin
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Geospatial Data Analytics Lab, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Rush RE, Blackwood CB, Lemons AR, Dannemiller KC, Green BJ, Croston TL. Persisting Cryptococcus yeast species Vishniacozyma victoriae and Cryptococcus neoformans elicit unique airway inflammation in mice following repeated exposure. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1067475. [PMID: 36864880 PMCID: PMC9971225 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1067475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic airway disease (AAD) is a growing concern in industrialized nations and can be influenced by fungal exposures. Basidiomycota yeast species such as Cryptococcus neoformans are known to exacerbate allergic airway disease; however, recent indoor assessments have identified other Basidiomycota yeasts, including Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae), to be prevalent and potentially associated with asthma. Until now, the murine pulmonary immune response to repeated V. victoriae exposure was previously unexplored. Objective This study aimed to compare the immunological impact of repeated pulmonary exposure to Cryptococcus yeasts. Methods Mice were repeatedly exposed to an immunogenic dose of C. neoformans or V. victoriae via oropharyngeal aspiration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected to examine airway remodeling, inflammation, mucous production, cellular influx, and cytokine responses at 1 day and 21 days post final exposure. The responses to C. neoformans and V. victoriae were analyzed and compared. Results Following repeated exposure, both C. neoformans and V. victoriae cells were still detectable in the lungs 21 days post final exposure. Repeated C. neoformans exposure initiated myeloid and lymphoid cellular infiltration into the lung that worsened over time, as well as an IL-4 and IL-5 response compared to PBS-exposed controls. In contrast, repeated V. victoriae exposure induced a strong CD4+ T cell-driven lymphoid response that started to resolve by 21 days post final exposure. Discussion C. neoformans remained in the lungs and exacerbated the pulmonary immune responses as expected following repeated exposure. The persistence of V. victoriae in the lung and strong lymphoid response following repeated exposure were unexpected given its lack of reported involvement in AAD. Given the abundance in indoor environments and industrial utilization of V. victoriae, these results highlight the importance to investigate the impact of frequently detected fungal organisms on the pulmonary response following inhalational exposure. Moreover, it is important to continue to address the knowledge gap involving Basidiomycota yeasts and their impact on AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E. Rush
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Catherine B. Blackwood
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Angela R. Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Brett J. Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Tara L. Croston
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Cochran SJ, Acosta L, Divjan A, Lemons AR, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Sobek E, Green BJ, Perzanowski MS, Dannemiller KC. Spring is associated with increased total and allergenic fungal concentrations in house dust from a pediatric asthma cohort in New York City. Build Environ 2022; 226:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109711. [PMID: 37215628 PMCID: PMC10193533 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Asthma and allergy symptoms vary seasonally due to exposure to environmental sources of allergen, including fungi. However, we need an improved understanding of seasonal influence on fungal exposures in the indoor environment. We hypothesized that concentrations of total fungi and allergenic species in vacuumed dust vary significantly by season. Objective Assess seasonal variation of indoor fungi with greater implications related to seasonal asthma control. Methods We combined next-generation sequencing with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to measure concentrations of fungal DNA in indoor floor dust samples (n = 298) collected from homes participating in the New York City Neighborhood Asthma and Allergy Study (NAAS). Results Total fungal concentration in spring was significantly higher than the other three seasons (p ≤ 0.005). Mean concentrations for 78% of fungal species were elevated in the spring (26% were significantly highest in spring, p < 0.05). Concentrations of 8 allergenic fungal species were significantly (p < 0.5) higher in spring compared to at least two other seasons. Indoor relative humidity and temperature were significantly highest in spring (p < 0.05) and were associated with total fungal concentration (R2 = 0.049, R2 = 0.11, respectively). Conclusion There is significant seasonal variation in total fungal concentration and concentration of select allergenic species. Indoor relative humidity and temperature may underlie these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Cochran
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Environmental Science Graduate Program. Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Angela R. Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Andrew G. Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L. Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Edward Sobek
- Assured Bio Laboratories, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Brett J. Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Matthew S. Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Rush RE, Dannemiller KC, Cochran SJ, Haines SR, Acosta L, Divjan A, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Perzanowski MS, Croston TL, Green BJ. Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae) in the homes of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in New York City. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2022; 32:48-59. [PMID: 34091598 PMCID: PMC10032026 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor environments contain a broad diversity of non-pathogenic Basidiomycota yeasts, but their role in exacerbating adverse health effects has remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To understand the role of Vishniacozyma victoriae exposure and its impact on human health. METHODS A qPCR assay was developed to detect and quantify an abundant indoor yeast species, Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae), from homes participating in the New York City Neighborhood Asthma and Allergy Study (NAAS). We evaluated the associations between V. victoriae, housing characteristics, and asthma relevant health endpoints. RESULTS V. victoriae was quantified in 236 of the 256 bedroom floor dust samples ranging from less than 300-45,918 cell equivalents/mg of dust. Higher concentrations of V. victoriae were significantly associated with carpeted bedroom floors (P = 0.044), mean specific humidity (P = 0.004), winter (P < 0.0001) and spring (P = 0.001) seasons, and the presence of dog (P = 0.010) and dog allergen Can f 1 (P = 0.027). V. victoriae concentrations were lower in homes of children with asthma vs. without asthma (P = 0.027), an association observed only among the non-seroatopic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Rush
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel J Cochran
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah R Haines
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara L Croston
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brett J Green
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Nastasi N, Renninger N, Bope A, Cochran SJ, Greaves J, Haines SR, Balasubrahmaniam N, Stuart K, Panescu J, Bibby K, Hull NM, Dannemiller KC. Persistence of viable MS2 and Phi6 bacteriophages on carpet and dust. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e12969. [PMID: 34882845 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Resuspension of dust from flooring is a major source of human exposure to microbial contaminants, but the persistence of viruses on dust and carpet and the contribution to human exposure are often unknown. The goal of this work is to determine viability of MS2 and Phi6 bacteriophages on cut carpet, looped carpet, and house dust both over time and after cleaning. Bacteriophages were nebulized onto carpet or dust in artificial saliva. Viability was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 24, and 48 h and after cleaning by vacuum, steam, hot water extraction, and disinfection. MS2 bacteriophages showed slower viability decay rates in dust (-0.11 hr-1 ), cut carpet (-0.20 hr-1 ), and looped carpet (-0.09 hr-1 ) compared to Phi6 (-3.36 hr-1 , -1.57 hr-1 , and -0.20 hr-1 , respectively). Viable viral concentrations were reduced to below the detection limit for steam and disinfection for both MS2 and Phi6 (p < 0.05), while vacuuming and hot water extraction showed no significant changes in concentration from uncleaned carpet (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate that MS2 and Phi6 bacteriophages can remain viable in carpet and dust for several hours to days, and cleaning with heat and disinfectants may be more effective than standard vacuuming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nastasi
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Renninger
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ashleigh Bope
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Samuel J Cochran
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Justin Greaves
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Sarah R Haines
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neeraja Balasubrahmaniam
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Katelyn Stuart
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jenny Panescu
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kyle Bibby
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Natalie M Hull
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Haines SR, Hall EC, Marciniak K, Misztal PK, Goldstein AH, Adams RI, Dannemiller KC. Correction to: Microbial growth and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from carpet and drywall under elevated relative humidity conditions. Microbiome 2021; 9:219. [PMID: 34743739 PMCID: PMC8573916 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Haines
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Emma C Hall
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Pawel K Misztal
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Allen H Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Rachel I Adams
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Haines SR, Hall EC, Marciniak K, Misztal PK, Goldstein AH, Adams RI, Dannemiller KC. Microbial growth and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from carpet and drywall under elevated relative humidity conditions. Microbiome 2021; 9:209. [PMID: 34666813 PMCID: PMC8524935 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01158-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbes can grow in indoor environments if moisture is available, and we need an improved understanding of how this growth contributes to emissions of microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs). The goal of this study was to measure how moisture levels, building material type, collection site, and microbial species composition impact microbial growth and emissions of mVOCs. We subjected two common building materials, drywall, and carpet, to treatments with varying moisture availability and measured microbial communities and mVOC emissions. RESULTS Fungal growth occurred in samples at >75% equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) for carpet with dust and >85% ERH for inoculated painted drywall. In addition to incubated relative humidity level, dust sample collection site (adonis p=0.001) and material type (drywall, carpet, adonis p=0.001) drove fungal and bacterial species composition. Increased relative humidity was associated with decreased microbial species diversity in samples of carpet with dust (adonis p= 0.005). Abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that accounted for >1% emissions were likely released from building materials and the dust itself. However, certain mVOCs were associated with microbial growth from carpet with dust such as C10H16H+ (monoterpenes) and C2H6SH+ (dimethyl sulfide and ethanethiol). CO2 production from samples of carpet with dust at 95% ERH averaged 5.92 mg hr-1 kg-1, while the average for carpet without dust at 95% ERH was 2.55 mg hr-1 kg-1. CONCLUSION Microbial growth and mVOC emissions occur at lower relative humidity in carpet and floor dust compared to drywall, which has important implications for human exposure. Even under elevated relative humidity conditions, the VOC emissions profile is dominated by non-microbial VOCs, although potential mVOCs may dominate odor production. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Haines
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Emma C. Hall
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | | | - Pawel K. Misztal
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Allen H. Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Rachel I. Adams
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Haines SR, Siegel JA, Dannemiller KC. Modeling microbial growth in carpet dust exposed to diurnal variations in relative humidity using the "Time-of-Wetness" framework. Indoor Air 2020; 30:978-992. [PMID: 32403157 PMCID: PMC7496831 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resuspension of microbes in floor dust and subsequent inhalation by human occupants is an important source of human microbial exposure. Microbes in carpet dust grow at elevated levels of relative humidity, but rates of this growth are not well established, especially under changing conditions. The goal of this study was to model fungal growth in carpet dust based on indoor diurnal variations in relative humidity utilizing the time-of-wetness framework. A chamber study was conducted on carpet and dust collected from 19 homes in Ohio, USA and exposed to varying moisture conditions of 50%, 85%, and 100% relative humidity. Fungal growth followed the two activation regime model, while bacterial growth could not be evaluated using the framework. Collection site was a stronger driver of species composition (P = 0.001, R2 = 0.461) than moisture conditions (P = 0.001, R2 = 0.021). Maximum moisture condition was associated with species composition within some individual sites (P = 0.001-0.02, R2 = 0.1-0.33). Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Wallemia were common fungal genera found among samples at elevated moisture conditions. These findings can inform future studies of associations between dampness/mold in homes and health outcomes and allow for prediction of microbial growth in the indoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Haines
- Environmental Science Graduate ProgramOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic EngineeringCollege of EngineeringOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Division of Environmental Health SciencesCollege of Public HealthOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jeffrey A. Siegel
- Department of Civil and Mineral EngineeringUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic EngineeringCollege of EngineeringOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Division of Environmental Health SciencesCollege of Public HealthOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Sustainability InstituteOhio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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12
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Viegas C, Caetano LA, Cox J, Korkalainen M, Haines SR, Dannemiller KC, Viegas S, Reponen T. The effects of waste sorting in environmental microbiome, THP-1 cell viability and inflammatory responses. Environ Res 2020; 185:109450. [PMID: 32244107 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Workers in the waste sorting industry are exposed to diverse bioaerosols. Characterization of these bioaerosols is necessary to more accurately assess the health risks of exposure. The use of high-throughput DNA sequencing for improved analysis of microbial composition of bioaerosols, in combination with their in vitro study in relevant cell cultures, represents an important opportunity to find answers on the biological effects of bioaerosols. This study aimed to characterize by high-throughput sequencing the biodiversity present in complex aerosol mixtures retained in forklift air conditioning filters of a waste-sorting industry and its effects on cytotoxicity and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro using human macrophages derived from monocytic THP-1 cells. Seventeen filters from the filtration system from forklifts operating in one waste sorting facility and one control filter (similar filter without prior use) were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and toxicological tests in vitro. A trend of positive correlation was seen between the number of bacterial and fungal OTUs (r = 0.47, p = 0.06). Seven filters (39%) exhibited low or moderate cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). The highest cytotoxic responses had a reduction in cell viability between 17 and 22%. Filter samples evoked proinflammatory responses, especially the production of TNFα. No significant correlation was found between fungal richness and inflammatory responses in vitro. The data obtained stress the need of thorough exposure assessment in waste-sorting industry and to take immunomodulatory properties into consideration for bioaerosols hazard characterization. The broad spectrum of microbial contamination detected in this study demonstrates that adequate monitoring of bioaerosol exposure is necessary to evaluate and minimize risks. The combined techniques can support the implementation of effective environmental monitoring programs of public and occupational health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal.
| | - L A Caetano
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Cox
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, 45242, USA
| | - M Korkalainen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Environmental Health, P.O. Box 95, FIN-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S R Haines
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Environmental Science Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - K C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal
| | - T Reponen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH, 45242, USA
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Nastasi N, Haines SR, Xu L, da Silva H, Divjan A, Barnes MA, Rappleye CA, Perzanowski MS, Green BJ, Dannemiller KC. Morphology and quantification of fungal growth in residential dust and carpets. Build Environ 2020; 174:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106774. [PMID: 33897093 PMCID: PMC8064739 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mold growth indoors is associated with negative human health effects, and this growth is limited by moisture availability. Dust deposited in carpet is an important source of human exposure due to potential elevated resuspension compared to hard floors. However, we need an improved understanding of fungal growth in dust and carpet to better estimate human exposure. The goal of this study was to compare fungal growth quantity and morphology in residential carpet under different environmental conditions, including equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) (50%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 100%), carpet fiber material (nylon, olefin, wool) and presence/absence of dust. We analyzed incubated carpet and dust samples from three Ohio homes for total fungal DNA, fungal allergen Alt a 1, and fungal morphology. Dust presence and elevated ERH (≥85%) were the most important variables that increased fungal growth. Elevated ERH increased mean fungal DNA concentration (P < 0.0001), for instance by approximately 1000 times at 100% compared to 50% ERH after two weeks. Microscopy also revealed more fungal growth at higher ERH. Fungal concentrations were up to 100 times higher in samples containing house dust compared to no dust. For fiber type, olefin had the least total fungal growth, and nylon had the most total fungi and A. alternata growth in unaltered dust. Increased ERH conditions were associated with increased Alt a 1 allergen concentration. The results of this study demonstrate that ERH, presence/absence of house dust, and carpet fiber type influence fungal growth and allergen production in residential carpet, which has implications for human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nastasi
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah R. Haines
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lingyi Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hadler da Silva
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A. Barnes
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Chad A. Rappleye
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew S. Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brett J. Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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14
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Haines SR, Adams RI, Boor BE, Bruton TA, Downey J, Ferro AR, Gall E, Green BJ, Hegarty B, Horner E, Jacobs DE, Lemieux P, Misztal PK, Morrison G, Perzanowski M, Reponen T, Rush RE, Virgo T, Alkhayri C, Bope A, Cochran S, Cox J, Donohue A, May AA, Nastasi N, Nishioka M, Renninger N, Tian Y, Uebel-Niemeier C, Wilkinson D, Wu T, Zambrana J, Dannemiller KC. Ten questions concerning the implications of carpet on indoor chemistry and microbiology. Build Environ 2019; 170:1-16. [PMID: 32055099 PMCID: PMC7017391 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Carpet and rugs currently represent about half of the United States flooring market and offer many benefits as a flooring type. How carpets influence our exposure to both microorganisms and chemicals in indoor environments has important health implications but is not well understood. The goal of this manuscript is to consolidate what is known about how carpet impacts indoor chemistry and microbiology, as well as to identify the important research gaps that remain. After describing the current use of carpet indoors, questions focus on five specific areas: 1) indoor chemistry, 2) indoor microbiology, 3) resuspension and exposure, 4) current practices and future needs, and 5) sustainability. Overall, it is clear that carpet can influence our exposures to particles and volatile compounds in the indoor environment by acting as a direct source, as a reservoir of environmental contaminants, and as a surface supporting chemical and biological transformations. However, the health implications of these processes are not well known, nor how cleaning practices could be optimized to minimize potential negative impacts. Current standards and recommendations focus largely on carpets as a primary source of chemicals and on limiting moisture that would support microbial growth. Future research should consider enhancing knowledge related to the impact of carpet in the indoor environment and how we might improve the design and maintenance of this common material to reduce our exposure to harmful contaminants while retaining the benefits to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Haines
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, and Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rachel I. Adams
- Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Brandon E. Boor
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | | | - John Downey
- Cleaning Industry Research Institute, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | - Andrea R. Ferro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Elliott Gall
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Brett J. Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Bridget Hegarty
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Elliott Horner
- UL Environment and Sustainability, Marietta, GA, 30067, USA
| | - David E. Jacobs
- National Center for Healthy Housing, Columbia, MD, 21044, USA
| | - Paul Lemieux
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Pawel K. Misztal
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Glenn Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Matthew Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Division of Environmental and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Rachael E. Rush
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Troy Virgo
- Shaw Industries, Inc., Dalton, GA, 30722-2128, USA
| | - Celine Alkhayri
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ashleigh Bope
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, and Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Samuel Cochran
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, and Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jennie Cox
- Division of Environmental and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Allie Donohue
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Andrew A. May
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas Nastasi
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, and Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Marcia Nishioka
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicole Renninger
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yilin Tian
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christina Uebel-Niemeier
- Division of Environmental and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | | | - Tianren Wu
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jordan Zambrana
- Indoor Environments Division, Office of Air and Radiation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 20460, USA
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Bope A, Haines SR, Hegarty B, Weschler CJ, Peccia J, Dannemiller KC. Degradation of phthalate esters in floor dust at elevated relative humidity. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2019; 21:1268-1279. [PMID: 30944918 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00050j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Emerging investigator series: Phthalate esters are present at elevated concentrations in floor dust, and resuspension of dust represents a major source for human exposure to chemicals. Biodegradation of phthalates occurs in aquatic systems and soils but has not been demonstrated in house dust. The goal of this study was to quantify indoor phthalate ester degradation through both biotic and abiotic mechanisms. Worn carpet squares were embedded with dust and incubated for one to six weeks at equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) levels of 50, 80, 85, 90, 95, and 100%, and nine phthalates were measured. Removal was observed for DEHP, BBzP, DINP, DiDP, and DMP (p < 0.05) when incubated under elevated relative humidity conditions. Abiotic and biotic losses were examined separately using dust spiked with deuterated di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (d-DEHP) that was embedded in carpet and incubated at 100% ERH. Abiotic processes resulted in a 10.1% (±1.1%, standard error) to 69.6% (±4.8%) decrease in total d-DEHP after one week (p = 0.03) and a 27.2% (±1.4%) to 52.0% (±2.1%) decrease after three weeks (p = 0.008). Biodegradation resulted in a decrease in total d-DEHP after one week, ranging from 5.9% (±8.9%) to 8.5% (±1.7%) (p = 0.07) and a 1.7% (±3.9%) to 10.3% (±4.5%) decrease after three weeks (p = 0.044). Metatranscriptomic-based analysis indicates that fungi found in carpet dust express genes capable of degrading phthalate esters via various biochemical processes (including β-oxidation and hydrolysis). Overall, these results support the hypothesis that phthalate losses in floor dust are due to a combination of abiotic and microbial degradation at ≥80% ERH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh Bope
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, Environmental Health Sciences, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, 470 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Dannemiller KC, Haines SR, Nastasi N, Divjan A, Acosta LM, Barnes MA, Rappleye C, Green BJ, Perzanowski MS. The Presence of Carpet Alters Human Exposure to Microorganisms in the Home. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Bope A, Weir MH, Pruden A, Morowitz M, Mitchell J, Dannemiller KC. Translating research to policy at the NCSE 2017 symposium "Microbiology of the Built Environment: Implications for Health and Design". Microbiome 2018; 6:160. [PMID: 30219094 PMCID: PMC6138931 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we summarize a symposium entitled "Microbiology of the Built Environment: Implications for Health and Design" that was presented at the National Council for Science and the Environment (NCSE) 17th National Conference and Global Forum in January 2017. We covered topics including indoor microbial exposures and childhood asthma, the influence of hospital design on neonatal development, the role of the microbiome in our premise (i.e., building) plumbing systems, antibiotic resistance, and quantitative microbial risk assessment. This symposium engaged the broader scientific and policy communities in a discussion to increase awareness of this critical research area and translate findings to practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh Bope
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mark H Weir
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Amy Pruden
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Michael Morowitz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Jade Mitchell
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Hegarty B, Dannemiller KC, Peccia J. Gene expression of indoor fungal communities under damp building conditions: Implications for human health. Indoor Air 2018; 28:548-558. [PMID: 29500849 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dampness and visible mold growth in homes are associated with negative human health outcomes, but causal relationships between fungal exposure and health are not well established. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dampness in buildings impacts fungal community gene expression and how, in turn, gene expression may modulate human health impacts. A metatranscriptomic study was performed on house dust fungal communities to investigate the expression of genes and metabolic processes in chamber experiments at water activity levels of 0.5, 0.85, and 1.0. Fungi at water activities as low as 0.5 were metabolically active, focusing their transcriptional resources on primary processes essential for cell maintenance. Metabolic complexity increased with water activity where communities at 1.0 displayed more diverse secondary metabolic processes. Greater gene expression at increasing water activity has important implications for human health: Fungal communities at 1.0 aw upregulated a greater number of allergen-, mycotoxin-, and pathogenicity-encoding genes versus communities at 0.85 and 0.5 aw . In damp buildings, fungi may display increases in secondary metabolic processes with the potential for greater per-cell production of allergens, toxins, and pathogenicity. Assessments in wet versus dry buildings that do not account for this elevated health impact may not accurately reflect exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hegarty
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Little M, Acosta LM, D'Andrea C, Divjan A, Dannemiller KC, Sobek EA, Lemons AR, Green BJ, Perzanowski M. Domestic fungal exposure and asthma morbidity among asthmatic children living in NYC homes damaged by Hurricane Sandy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dannemiller KC, Acosta LM, Divjan A, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Lemons AR, Green BJ, Perzanowski M. Domestic fungal diversity in NYC homes, neighborhood asthma prevalence and asthma persistence. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Castner J, Gehrke GE, Shapiro N, Dannemiller KC. Community interest and feasibility of using a novel smartphone-based formaldehyde exposure detection technology. Public Health Nurs 2018; 35:261-272. [PMID: 29323422 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is the first community engagement phase of a project to develop a residential formaldehyde detection system. The objectives were to conduct a feasibility assessment for device use, and identify factors associated with concerns about environmental exposure and community interest in this device. DESIGN AND SAMPLE A cross-sectional, internet-based survey employing community-based participatory research principles was utilized. 147 individuals participated from a focused Waycross, Georgia (58.5%) and broader national sample (41.5%). MEASURES Variables included acceptable cost and number of testing samples, interest in conducting tests, levels of concern over pollutants, health status, housing, and demographics. RESULTS The majority of participants desired a system with fewer than 10 samples at ≤$15.00 per sample. Statistically significant higher levels of concern over air quality, formaldehyde exposure, and interest in testing formaldehyde were observed for those with overall worse health status and living in the Waycross, Georgia geographic region. Significant differences in formaldehyde testing interest were observed by health status (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.12-0.81 for home testing) and geographic location (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.22-8.14 for home and OR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.48-11.12 for ambient testing) in multivariate models. CONCLUSIONS Geographic location and poorer general health status were associated with concerns over and interest in formaldehyde testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas Shapiro
- Public Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Chemical Heritage Foundation, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Dannemiller KC, Weschler CJ, Peccia J. Fungal and bacterial growth in floor dust at elevated relative humidity levels. Indoor Air 2017; 27:354-363. [PMID: 27272645 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Under sustained, elevated building moisture conditions, bacterial and fungal growth occurs. The goal of this study was to characterize microbial growth in floor dust at variable equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) levels. Floor dust from one home was embedded in coupons cut from a worn medium-pile nylon carpet and incubated at 50%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 100% ERH levels. Quantitative PCR and DNA sequencing of ribosomal DNA for bacteria and fungi were used to quantify growth and community shifts. Over a 1-wk period, fungal growth occurred above 80% ERH. Growth rates at 85% and 100% ERH were 1.1 × 104 and 1.5 × 105 spore equivalents d-1 mg dust-1 , respectively. Bacterial growth occurred only at 100% ERH after 1 wk (9.0 × 104 genomes d-1 mg dust-1 ). Growth resulted in significant changes in fungal (P<.00001) and bacterial community structure (P<.00001) at varying ERH levels. Comparisons between fungal taxa incubated at different ERH levels revealed more than 100 fungal and bacterial species that were attributable to elevated ERH. Resuspension modeling indicated that more than 50% of airborne microbes could originate from the resuspension of fungi grown at ERH levels of 85% and above.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C J Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - J Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic and nonallergic asthma severity in children can be affected by microbial exposures. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine associations between exposures to household microbes and childhood asthma severity stratified by atopic status. METHODS Participants (n = 196) were selected from a cohort of asthmatic children in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Children were grouped according to asthma severity (mild with no or minimal symptoms and medication or moderate to severe persistent) and atopic status (determined by serum IgE levels). Microbial community structure and concentrations in house dust were determined by using next-generation DNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between asthma severity and exposure metrics, including richness, taxa identification and quantification, community composition, and concentration of total fungi and bacteria. RESULTS Among all children, increased asthma severity was significantly associated with an increased concentration of summed allergenic fungal species, high total fungal concentrations, and high bacterial richness by using logistic regression in addition to microbial community composition by using the distance comparison t test. Asthma severity in atopic children was associated with fungal community composition (P = .001). By using logistic regression, asthma severity in nonatopic children was associated with total fungal concentration (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.06-5.44). The fungal genus Volutella was associated with increased asthma severity in atopic children (P = .0001, q = 0.04). The yeast genera Kondoa might be protective; Cryptococcus species might also affect asthma severity. CONCLUSION Asthma severity among this cohort of children was associated with microbial exposure, and associations differed based on atopic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Conn
| | - Janneane F Gent
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Conn
| | - Brian P Leaderer
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
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24
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Dannemiller KC, Gent JF, Leaderer BP, Peccia J. Influence of housing characteristics on bacterial and fungal communities in homes of asthmatic children. Indoor Air 2016; 26:179-92. [PMID: 25833176 PMCID: PMC4591094 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Variations in home characteristics, such as moisture and occupancy, affect indoor microbial ecology as well as human exposure to microorganisms. Our objective was to determine how indoor bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity are associated with the broader home environment and its occupants. Next-generation DNA sequencing was used to describe fungal and bacterial communities in house dust sampled from 198 homes of asthmatic children in southern New England. Housing characteristics included number of people/children, level of urbanization, single/multifamily home, reported mold, reported water leaks, air conditioning (AC) use, and presence of pets. Both fungal and bacterial community structures were non-random and demonstrated species segregation (C-score, P < 0.00001). Increased microbial richness was associated with the presence of pets, water leaks, longer AC use, suburban (vs. urban) homes, and dust composition measures (P < 0.05). The most significant differences in community composition were observed for AC use and occupancy (people, children, and pets) characteristics. Occupant density measures were associated with beneficial bacterial taxa, including Lactobacillus johnsonii as measured by qPCR. A more complete knowledge of indoor microbial communities is useful for linking housing characteristics to human health outcomes. Microbial assemblies in house dust result, in part, from the building's physical and occupant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Janneane F. Gent
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, One Church Street, 6 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Brian P. Leaderer
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, One Church Street, 6 Floor, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Corresponding author: Jordan Peccia, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, Mason Laboratory, 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06520-8286, USA, , 203-432-4385
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25
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Dannemiller KC, Gent JF, Leaderer BP, Peccia J. Indoor microbial communities: Influence on asthma severity in atopic and nonatopic children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:76-83.e1. [PMID: 26851966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic and nonallergic asthma severity in children can be affected by microbial exposures. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine associations between exposures to household microbes and childhood asthma severity stratified by atopic status. METHODS Participants (n = 196) were selected from a cohort of asthmatic children in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Children were grouped according to asthma severity (mild with no or minimal symptoms and medication or moderate to severe persistent) and atopic status (determined by serum IgE levels). Microbial community structure and concentrations in house dust were determined by using next-generation DNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between asthma severity and exposure metrics, including richness, taxa identification and quantification, community composition, and concentration of total fungi and bacteria. RESULTS Among all children, increased asthma severity was significantly associated with an increased concentration of summed allergenic fungal species, high total fungal concentrations, and high bacterial richness by using logistic regression in addition to microbial community composition by using the distance comparison t test. Asthma severity in atopic children was associated with fungal community composition (P = .001). By using logistic regression, asthma severity in nonatopic children was associated with total fungal concentration (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.06-5.44). The fungal genus Volutella was associated with increased asthma severity in atopic children (P = .0001, q = 0.04). The yeast genera Kondoa might be protective; Cryptococcus species might also affect asthma severity. CONCLUSION Asthma severity among this cohort of children was associated with microbial exposure, and associations differed based on atopic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Conn
| | - Janneane F Gent
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Conn
| | - Brian P Leaderer
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.
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Yamamoto N, Hospodsky D, Dannemiller KC, Nazaroff WW, Peccia J. Indoor emissions as a primary source of airborne allergenic fungal particles in classrooms. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:5098-106. [PMID: 25794178 DOI: 10.1021/es506165z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study quantifies the influence of ventilation and indoor emissions on concentrations and particle sizes of airborne indoor allergenic fungal taxa and further examines geographical variability, each of which may affect personal exposures to allergenic fungi. Quantitative PCR and multiplexed DNA sequencing were employed to count and identify allergenic fungal aerosol particles indoors and outdoors in seven school classrooms in four different countries. Quantitative diversity analysis was combined with building characterization and mass balance modeling to apportion source contributions of indoor allergenic airborne fungal particles. Mass balance calculations indicate that 70% of indoor fungal aerosol particles and 80% of airborne allergenic fungal taxa were associated with indoor emissions; on average, 81% of allergenic fungi from indoor sources originated from occupant-generated emissions. Principal coordinate analysis revealed geographical variations in fungal communities among sites in China, Europe, and North America (p < 0.05, analysis of similarity), demonstrating that geography may also affect personal exposures to allergenic fungi. Indoor emissions including those released with occupancy contribute more substantially to allergenic fungal exposures in classrooms sampled than do outdoor contributions from ventilation. The results suggest that design and maintenance of buildings to control indoor emissions may enable reduced indoor inhalation exposures to fungal allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomichi Yamamoto
- †Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Denina Hospodsky
- ‡Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- ‡Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - William W Nazaroff
- §Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jordan Peccia
- ‡Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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27
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Dannemiller KC, Mendell MJ, Macher JM, Kumagai K, Bradman A, Holland N, Harley K, Eskenazi B, Peccia J. Next-generation DNA sequencing reveals that low fungal diversity in house dust is associated with childhood asthma development. Indoor Air 2014; 24:236-47. [PMID: 24883433 PMCID: PMC4048861 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dampness and visible mold in homes are associated with asthma development, but causal mechanisms remain unclear. The goal of this research was to explore associations among measured dampness, fungal exposure, and childhood asthma development without the bias of culture-based microbial analysis. In the low-income, Latino CHAMACOS birth cohort, house dust was collected at age 12 months, and asthma status was determined at age 7 years.The current analysis included 13 asthma cases and 28 controls. Next-generation DNA sequencing methods quantified fungal taxa and diversity. Lower fungal diversity (number of fungal operational taxonomic units) was significantly associated with increased risk of asthma development: unadjusted odds ratio(OR) 4.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–22.1). Control for potential confounders strengthened this relationship. Decreased diversity within the genus Cryptococcus was significantly associated with increased asthma risk (OR 21.0, 95% CI 2.16–204). No fungal taxon (species, genus, class) was significantly positively associated with asthma development, and one was significantly negatively associated. Elevated moisture was associated with increased fungal diversity, and moisture/mold indicators were associated with four fungal taxa. Next-generation DNA sequencing provided comprehensive estimates of fungal identity and diversity, demonstrating significant associations between low fungal diversity and childhood asthma development in this community. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Early life exposure to low fungal diversity in house dust was associated with increased risk for later asthma developmen tin this low-income, immigrant community. No individual fungal taxon (species, genus, or class) was associated with asthma development, although exposure to low diversity within the genus Cryptococcus was associated with asthma development. Future asthma development studies should incorporate fungal diversity measurements, in addition to measuring individual fungal taxa. These results represent a step toward identifying the aspect(s) of indoor microbial populations that are associated with asthma development and suggest that understanding the factors that control diversity in the indoor environment may lead to public health recommendations for asthma prevention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mark J. Mendell
- Indoor Air Quality Section, Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, MS G365/EHLB, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
| | - Janet M. Macher
- Indoor Air Quality Section, Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, MS G365/EHLB, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
| | - Kazukiyo Kumagai
- Indoor Air Quality Section, Environmental Health Laboratory Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, MS G365/EHLB, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kim Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Yamamoto N, Dannemiller KC, Bibby K, Peccia J. Identification accuracy and diversity reproducibility associated with internal transcribed spacer-based fungal taxonomic library preparation. Environ Microbiol 2013; 16:2764-76. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naomichi Yamamoto
- Department of Environmental Health; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Yale University; New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Kyle Bibby
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Jordan Peccia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Yale University; New Haven CT 06520 USA
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Dannemiller KC, Murphy JS, Dixon SL, Pennell KG, Suuberg EM, Jacobs DE, Sandel M. Formaldehyde concentrations in household air of asthma patients determined using colorimetric detector tubes. Indoor Air 2013; 23:285-294. [PMID: 23278296 PMCID: PMC3710296 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is a colorless, pungent gas commonly found in homes and is a respiratory irritant, sensitizer, carcinogen, and asthma trigger. Typical household sources include plywood and particleboard, cleaners, cosmetics, pesticides, and others. Development of a fast and simple measurement technique could facilitate continued research on this important chemical. The goal of this research is to apply an inexpensive short-term measurement method to find correlations between formaldehyde sources and concentration, and formaldehyde concentration and asthma control. Formaldehyde was measured using 30-min grab samples in length-of-stain detector tubes in homes (n = 70) of asthmatics in the Boston, MA area. Clinical status and potential formaldehyde sources were determined. The geometric mean formaldehyde level was 35.1 ppb and ranged from 5 to 132 ppb. Based on one-way ANOVA, t-tests, and linear regression, predictors of log-transformed formaldehyde concentration included absolute humidity, season, and the presence of decorative laminates, fiberglass, or permanent press fabrics (P < 0.05), as well as temperature and household cleaner use (P < 0.10). The geometric mean formaldehyde concentration was 57% higher in homes of children with very poorly controlled asthma compared to homes of other asthmatic children (P = 0.078). This study provides a simple method for measuring household formaldehyde and suggests that exposure is related to poorly controlled asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Johnna S. Murphy
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston University, 88 East Newton Street, Vose Hall 3, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Sherry L. Dixon
- National Center for Healthy Housing, 10320 Little Patuxent Parkway, Suite 500, Columbia, MD 21044, USA
| | - Kelly G. Pennell
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd., Dartmouth, MA 02474
| | - Eric M. Suuberg
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 184 Hope St, Box D, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - David E. Jacobs
- National Center for Healthy Housing, 10320 Little Patuxent Parkway, Suite 500, Columbia, MD 21044, USA
| | - Megan Sandel
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston University, 88 East Newton Street, Vose Hall 3, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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Lang-Yona N, Levin Y, Dannemiller KC, Yarden O, Peccia J, Rudich Y. Changes in atmospheric CO2 influence the allergenicity of Aspergillus fumigatus. Glob Chang Biol 2013; 19:2381-8. [PMID: 23568517 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Increased susceptibility to allergies has been documented in the Western world in recent decades. However, a comprehensive understanding of its causes is not yet available. It is therefore essential to understand trends and mechanisms of allergy-inducing agents, such as fungal conidia. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that environmental conditions linked to global atmospheric changes can affect the allergenicity of Aspergillus fumigatus, a common allergenic fungal species in indoor and outdoor environments and in airborne particulate matter. We show that fungi grown under present-day CO2 levels (392 ppm) exhibit 8.5 and 3.5 fold higher allergenicity compared to fungi grown at preindustrial (280 ppm) and double (560 ppm) CO2 levels, respectively. A corresponding trend is observed in the expression of genes encoding for known allergenic proteins and in the major allergen Asp f1 concentrations, possibly due to physiological changes such as respiration rates and the nitrogen content of the fungus, influenced by the CO2 concentrations. Increased carbon and nitrogen levels in the growth medium also lead to a significant increase in the allergenicity. We propose that climatic changes such as increasing atmospheric CO2 levels and changes in the fungal growth medium may impact the ability of allergenic fungi such as A. fumigatus to induce allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Lang-Yona
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Dannemiller KC, Reeves D, Bibby K, Yamamoto N, Peccia J. Fungal high-throughput taxonomic identification tool for use with next-generation sequencing (FHiTINGS). J Basic Microbiol 2013; 54:315-21. [PMID: 23765392 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in DNA sequencing technology provide unprecedented opportunities to explore fungal diversity, but also present challenges in data analysis due to the large number of sequences generated. Here, we describe an open source software program "FHiTINGS" that utilizes the output of a BLASTn (blastall) search to rapidly identify, classify, and parse internal transcribed spacer (ITS) DNA sequences produced in fungal ecology studies that utilize next-generation DNA sequencing. This tool was designed for use with 454 pyrosequencing and is also appropriate for use with any sequencing platform that allows for BLAST searches against the indicated ITS database. For each sequence, FHiTINGS uses the lowest common ancestor method (LCA) to produce a single identification from BLAST output results, and then assigns taxonomic ranks from species through kingdom when possible for each sequence based on the Index Fungorum database. The program then sums and sorts this data into tabular form to enable rapid analysis of the sample, including α-diversity measures or richness. In silico testing demonstrates the time required to analyze and classify 1000 sequences is reduced from over 2 h by manual sorting to <1 min of computational time when using FHiTINGS, and that the classification output from the software is consistent with that derived from manual sorting of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Ave, PO Box 208286, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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