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Stelzenmüller V, Cormier R, Gee K, Shucksmith R, Gubbins M, Yates KL, Morf A, Nic Aonghusa C, Mikkelsen E, Tweddle JF, Pecceu E, Kannen A, Clarke SA. Evaluation of marine spatial planning requires fit for purpose monitoring strategies. J Environ Manage 2021; 278:111545. [PMID: 33202370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine spatial planning (MSP) has rapidly become the most widely used integrated, place-based management approach in the marine environment. Monitoring and evaluation of MSP is key to inform best practices, adaptive management and plan iteration. While standardised evaluation frameworks cannot be readily applied, accounting for evaluation essentials such as the definition of evaluation objectives, indicators and stakeholder engagement of stakeholders is a prerequisite for meaningful evaluation outcomes. By way of a literature review and eleven practical MSP case studies, we analysed present day trends in evaluation approaches and unravelled the adoption of evaluation essentials for three categories for monitoring and evaluation for plan making, plan outcomes, and policy implementation. We found that at a global scale the focus of MSP evaluation has shifted over the past decade from evaluating predominantly plan outcomes towards the evaluation of plan making. Independent of the scope of the evaluation, evaluation approaches varied greatly from formal and structured processes, building for instance on MSP goals and objectives, to informal processes based on stakeholder interviews. We noted a trend in the adoption of formalised approaches where MSP evaluations have increasingly become linked to MSP policy goals and objectives. However, the enhanced use of MSP objectives and indicators did not result in a more straightforward reporting of outcomes, e.g. such as the achievement of specific MSP objectives. Overall, we found weak linkages between defined MSP objectives, indicators and available monitoring data. While the apparent shift towards a focus on objectives is promising, we highlight the need of fit-for-purpose monitoring data to enable effective evaluation of those objectives. Hence, effective MSP and adaptive management processes require customised and concurrent monitoring and evaluation strategies and procedures. We argue that evaluation processes would also benefit from a better understanding of the general environmental, socio-economic and socio-cultural effects of MSP. Therefore, to understand better environmental effects of MSP, we praise that forthcoming MSP processes need to deepen the understanding and considerations of cause-effect pathways between human activities and changes of ecosystem state through the adoption of targeted cumulative effects assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Stelzenmüller
- Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries, Herwigstraße 31, Bremerhaven, 27572, Germany.
| | - R Cormier
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute for Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany
| | - K Gee
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute for Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany
| | - R Shucksmith
- NAFC Marine Centre UHI, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UK
| | - M Gubbins
- Marine Scotland, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK
| | - K L Yates
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UK; ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Morf
- Swedish Institute for the Marine Environment, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Nic Aonghusa
- Marine Institute, Renville, Oranmore, Co., Galway, H91 R673, Ireland
| | - E Mikkelsen
- Nofima, Postboks 6122 Langnes, Tromsø, 9291, Norway
| | - J F Tweddle
- Cruickshank Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, St Machar Dr, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - E Pecceu
- Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ankerstraat 1, Ostend, 8400, Belgium
| | - A Kannen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute for Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany
| | - S A Clarke
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NE33 0HT, UK
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Bouchet PJ, Peterson AT, Zurell D, Dormann CF, Schoeman D, Ross RE, Snelgrove P, Sequeira AMM, Whittingham MJ, Wang L, Rapacciuolo G, Oppel S, Mellin C, Lauria V, Krishnakumar PK, Jones AR, Heinänen S, Heikkinen RK, Gregr EJ, Fielding AH, Caley MJ, Barbosa AM, Bamford AJ, Lozano-Montes H, Parnell S, Wenger S, Yates KL. Better Model Transfers Require Knowledge of Mechanisms. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:489-490. [PMID: 31054858 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phil J Bouchet
- Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modelling, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | | | - Damaris Zurell
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Dept. Landscape Dynamics, Zuercherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Geography Dept., Unter den Linden 6, D-10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten F Dormann
- Biometry & Environmental System Analysis, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Schoeman
- School of Science & Engineering, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia; Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Rebecca E Ross
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK; Institute for Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, 5005 Bergen, Norway
| | - Paul Snelgrove
- Department of Ocean Sciences and Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Ana M M Sequeira
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; IOMRC and The University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mark J Whittingham
- Biology, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Lifei Wang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada; Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101, USA
| | | | - Steffen Oppel
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Camille Mellin
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No 3, Townsville 4810, QLD, Australia
| | - Valentina Lauria
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, IAMC-CNR, Mazara del Vallo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Periyadan K Krishnakumar
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alice R Jones
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Stefan Heinänen
- DHI, Ecology and Environment Department, Agern Allé 5, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark; Novia University of Applied Sciences, Raseborgsvägen 9, 10600 Ekenäs, Finland
| | - Risto K Heikkinen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 140, FIN- 00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Edward J Gregr
- Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL Building, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada; SciTec h Environmental Consulting, 2136 Napier Street, Vancouver, BC V5L 2N9, Canada
| | | | - M Julian Caley
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Márcia Barbosa
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências Geo-Espaciais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Observatório Astronómico Prof. Manuel de Barros, Alameda do Monte da Virgem, 4430-146 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Andrew J Bamford
- Wildfowl &Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK
| | - Hector Lozano-Montes
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Stephen Parnell
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester, UK
| | - Seth Wenger
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30601, USA
| | - Katherine L Yates
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester, UK
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Yates KL, Bouchet PJ, Caley MJ, Mengersen K, Randin CF, Parnell S, Fielding AH, Bamford AJ, Ban S, Barbosa AM, Dormann CF, Elith J, Embling CB, Ervin GN, Fisher R, Gould S, Graf RF, Gregr EJ, Halpin PN, Heikkinen RK, Heinänen S, Jones AR, Krishnakumar PK, Lauria V, Lozano-Montes H, Mannocci L, Mellin C, Mesgaran MB, Moreno-Amat E, Mormede S, Novaczek E, Oppel S, Ortuño Crespo G, Peterson AT, Rapacciuolo G, Roberts JJ, Ross RE, Scales KL, Schoeman D, Snelgrove P, Sundblad G, Thuiller W, Torres LG, Verbruggen H, Wang L, Wenger S, Whittingham MJ, Zharikov Y, Zurell D, Sequeira AM. Outstanding Challenges in the Transferability of Ecological Models. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:790-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Giakoumi S, Hermoso V, Carvalho SB, Markantonatou V, Dagys M, Iwamura T, Probst WN, Smith RJ, Yates KL, Almpanidou V, Novak T, Ben-Moshe N, Katsanevakis S, Claudet J, Coll M, Deidun A, Essl F, García-Charton JA, Jimenez C, Kark S, Mandić M, Mazaris AD, Rabitsch W, Stelzenmüller V, Tricarico E, Vogiatzakis IN. Conserving European biodiversity across realms. Conserv Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Giakoumi
- Université Côte d'Azur; CNRS; ECOMERS FRE 3729 Nice France
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Virgilio Hermoso
- Centre Tecnolὸgic Forestal de Catalunya (CEMFOR-CTFC); Solsona Lleida Spain
| | - Silvia B. Carvalho
- CIBIO/InBIO; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto; Vairão Portugal
| | | | | | - Takuya Iwamura
- Faculty of Life Sciences; School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | | | - Robert J. Smith
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE); School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent; Canterbury Kent CT2 7NR United Kingdom
| | - Katherine L. Yates
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Environment and Life Sciences; University of Salford; Manchester M5 4WT United Kingdom
| | - Vasiliki Almpanidou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | - Noam Ben-Moshe
- Faculty of Life Sciences; School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | | | - Joachim Claudet
- National Center for Scientific Research, PSL Université Paris; CRIOBE, USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, Maison des Océans; Paris France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; France
| | - Marta Coll
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC); Barcelona Spain
| | - Alan Deidun
- Department of Geosciences; University of Malta campus; Msida MSD Malta
| | - Franz Essl
- Division of Conservation, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology; University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | | | - Carlos Jimenez
- Enalia Physis Environmental Research Centre (ENALIA); Nicosia Cyprus
- Energy; Environment and Water Research Center (EEWRC), Cyprus Institute; Aglanzia Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Salit Kark
- The Biodiversity Research Group, The School of Biological Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions and NESP Threatened Species Recovery Hub; Centre for Biodiversity & Conservation Science, The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Milica Mandić
- Institute of marine biology (UNIME-IBMK); University of Montenegro; Kotor Montenegro
| | - Antonios D. Mazaris
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | | | - Elena Tricarico
- Department of Biology; University of Florence; Florence Italy
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Sequeira AMM, Bouchet PJ, Yates KL, Mengersen K, Caley MJ. Transferring biodiversity models for conservation: Opportunities and challenges. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. M. Sequeira
- IOMRC and Australian Institute of Marine Science The UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Phil J. Bouchet
- Marine Futures Lab School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Katherine L. Yates
- School of Environment and Life Sciences University of Salford Manchester UK
- School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Kerrie Mengersen
- School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers (ACEMS), Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - M. Julian Caley
- School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers (ACEMS), Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Yates KL, Schoeman DS, Klein CJ. Ocean zoning for conservation, fisheries and marine renewable energy: assessing trade-offs and co-location opportunities. J Environ Manage 2015; 152:201-209. [PMID: 25684567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oceans, particularly coastal areas, are getting busier and within this increasingly human-dominated seascape, marine biodiversity continues to decline. Attempts to maintain and restore marine biodiversity are becoming more spatial, principally through the designation of marine protected areas (MPAs). MPAs compete for space with other uses, and the emergence of new industries, such as marine renewable energy generation, will increase competition for space. Decision makers require guidance on how to zone the ocean to conserve biodiversity, mitigate conflict and accommodate multiple uses. Here we used empirical data and freely available planning software to identified priority areas for multiple ocean zones, which incorporate goals for biodiversity conservation, two types of renewable energy, and three types of fishing. We developed an approached to evaluate trade-offs between industries and we investigated the impacts of co-locating some fishing activities within renewable energy sites. We observed non-linear trade-offs between industries. We also found that different subsectors within those industries experienced very different trade-off curves. Incorporating co-location resulted in significant reductions in cost to the fishing industry, including fisheries that were not co-located. Co-location also altered the optimal location of renewable energy zones with planning solutions. Our findings have broad implications for ocean zoning and marine spatial planning. In particular, they highlight the need to include industry subsectors when assessing trade-offs and they stress the importance of considering co-location opportunities from the outset. Our research reinforces the need for multi-industry ocean-zoning and demonstrates how it can be undertaken within the framework of strategic conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Yates
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB no. 3, Townsville MC, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia; Environment Institute and School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia; School of the Environment, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - David S Schoeman
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Carissa J Klein
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Yates KL, Schoeman DS. Spatial access priority mapping (SAPM) with fishers: a quantitative GIS method for participatory planning. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68424. [PMID: 23874623 PMCID: PMC3713016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial management tools, such as marine spatial planning and marine protected areas, are playing an increasingly important role in attempts to improve marine management and accommodate conflicting needs. Robust data are needed to inform decisions among different planning options, and early inclusion of stakeholder involvement is widely regarded as vital for success. One of the biggest stakeholder groups, and the most likely to be adversely impacted by spatial restrictions, is the fishing community. In order to take their priorities into account, planners need to understand spatial variation in their perceived value of the sea. Here a readily accessible, novel method for quantitatively mapping fishers’ spatial access priorities is presented. Spatial access priority mapping, or SAPM, uses only basic functions of standard spreadsheet and GIS software. Unlike the use of remote-sensing data, SAPM actively engages fishers in participatory mapping, documenting rather than inferring their priorities. By so doing, SAPM also facilitates the gathering of other useful data, such as local ecological knowledge. The method was tested and validated in Northern Ireland, where over 100 fishers participated in a semi-structured questionnaire and mapping exercise. The response rate was excellent, 97%, demonstrating fishers’ willingness to be involved. The resultant maps are easily accessible and instantly informative, providing a very clear visual indication of which areas are most important for the fishers. The maps also provide quantitative data, which can be used to analyse the relative impact of different management options on the fishing industry and can be incorporated into planning software, such as MARXAN, to ensure that conservation goals can be met at minimum negative impact to the industry. This research shows how spatial access priority mapping can facilitate the early engagement of fishers and the ready incorporation of their priorities into the decision-making process in a transparent, quantitative way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Yates
- Environmental Science Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
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Yates JA, Saliba EK, Yates KL, Schmitz K, Othman M, Higashi GI. Course of infection and humoral response to Leishmania major in inbred Meriones unguiculatus. J Parasitol 1989; 75:942-5. [PMID: 2614604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous species of Meriones have been incriminated as natural reservoir hosts of Leishmania major in Mongolia, Soviet Asia, Afghanistan, the Middle East, and North Africa. However, little is known about the immunological response or course of infection in these small rodents. In this study, 40 commercially obtained inbred Meriones unguiculatus were divided into equal groups and injected in the right hind footpad with various doses of L. major promastigotes or with medium only. At regular intervals, blood was collected from the animals for subsequent evaluation of the kinetics of anti-L. major serum antibody production. Footpad lesions were measured periodically for 13 wk, beginning just before infection. The humoral response to infection and the course and severity of disease were dose related. However, metastasis lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and secondary cutaneous sites occurred at each of the doses tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Yates
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063
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