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Ando N, Mizushima D, Omata K, Nemoto T, Inamura N, Hiramoto S, Takano M, Aoki T, Watanabe K, Uemura H, Shiojiri D, Yanagawa Y, Tanuma J, Teruya K, Kikuchi Y, Gatanaga H, Oka S. Combination of Amoxicillin 3000 mg and Probenecid Versus 1500 mg Amoxicillin Monotherapy for Treating Syphilis in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: An Open-Label, Randomized, Controlled, Non-Inferiority Trial. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:779-787. [PMID: 37157863 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amoxicillin plus probenecid is an alternative to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G for treating syphilis in the United Kingdom. Low-dose amoxicillin is an alternative treatment option used in Japan. METHODS We conducted an open-label, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial between 31 August 2018, and 3 February 2022, to compare 1500 mg low-dose amoxicillin monotherapy with the combination of 3000 mg amoxicillin and probenecid (non-inferiority margin 10%). Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and syphilis were eligible. The primary outcome was the cumulative serological cure rate within 12 months post-treatment, measured using the manual rapid plasma reagin card test. Secondary outcomes included safety assessment. RESULTS A total of 112 participants were randomized into 2 groups. Serological cure rates within 12 months were 90.6% and 94.4% with the low-dose amoxicillin and combination regimens, respectively. Serological cure rates for early syphilis within 12 months were 93.5% and 97.9% with the low-dose amoxicillin and combination regimens, respectively. Non-inferiority of low-dose amoxicillin compared with amoxicillin plus probenecid overall and for early syphilis was not confirmed. No significant side effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS This is the first randomized controlled trial to demonstrate a high efficacy of amoxicillin-based regimens for treating syphilis in patients with HIV infection, and the non-inferiority of low-dose amoxicillin compared with amoxicillin plus probenecid was not seen. Therefore, amoxicillin monotherapy could be a good alternative to intramuscular benzathine penicillin G with fewer side effects. However, further studies comparing with benzathine penicillin G in different populations and with larger sample sizes are needed. TRIALS REGISTRATION (UMIN000033986).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naokatsu Ando
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mizushima
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Omata
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Department of Laboratory, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Inamura
- Department of Laboratory, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Hiramoto
- Department of Laboratory, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misao Takano
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Aoki
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Watanabe
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Uemura
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiojiri
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Yanagawa
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Tanuma
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuji Teruya
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kikuchi
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Gatanaga
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Takamatsu Y, Omata K, Shimizu Y, Kinoshita-Iwamoto N, Terada M, Suzuki T, Morioka S, Uemura Y, Ohmagari N, Maeda K, Mitsuya H. SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Humoral IgA Response Occurs Earlier but Is Modest and Diminishes Faster than IgG Response. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0271622. [PMID: 36219096 PMCID: PMC9769934 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02716-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity for preventing the invasion of exogenous antigens; however, little is understood about the neutralizing activity of serum IgA. Here, to examine the role of IgA antibodies against COVID-19 illnesses, we determined the neutralizing activity of serum/plasma IgG and IgA purified from previously SARS-CoV-2-infected and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-receiving individuals. We found that serum/plasma IgA possesses substantial but rather modest neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 compared to IgG with no significant correlation with the disease severity. Neutralizing IgA and IgG antibodies achieved the greatest activity at approximately 25 and 35 days after symptom onset, respectively. However, neutralizing IgA activity quickly diminished to below the detection limit approximately 70 days after onset, while substantial IgG activity was observed until 200 days after onset. The total neutralizing activity in sera/plasmas of those with COVID-19 largely correlated with those in purified IgG and purified IgA and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding IgG and anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding IgA. In individuals who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but had no detectable neutralizing IgA activity, a single dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 elicited potent serum/plasma-neutralizing IgA activity, but the second dose did not further strengthen the neutralization antibody response. The present data show that the systemic immune stimulation with natural infection and COVID-19 mRNA-vaccines elicits both SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing IgG and IgA responses in serum, but the IgA response is modest and diminishes faster than the IgG response. IMPORTANCE Secretory dimeric immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays an important role in preventing the invasion of foreign objects by its neutralizing activity on mucosal surfaces, while monomeric serum IgA is thought to relate to the phagocytic immune system activation. Here, we report that individuals with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) developed both systemic neutralizing IgG (nIgG) and IgA (nIgA) active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although the nIgA response was quick and reached the highest activity earlier than the nIgG response, nIgA activity was modest and diminished faster than nIgG activity. In individuals who recovered from COVID-19 but had no detectable nIgA activity, a single dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine elicited potent nIgA activity, but the second dose did not further strengthen the antibody response. Our study provides novel insights into the role and the kinetics of serum nIgA against the pathogen in both naturally infected and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-receiving COVID-19-convalescent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takamatsu
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Omata
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shimizu
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Kinoshita-Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Terada
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Morioka
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Uemura
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
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Takamatsu Y, Omata K, Shimizu Y, Kinoshita-Iwamoto N, Terada M, Suzuki T, Morioka S, Uemura Y, Ohmagari N, Maeda K, Mitsuya H. SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing humoral IgA response occurs earlier but modest and diminishes faster compared to IgG response. bioRxiv 2022:2022.06.09.495422. [PMID: 35702154 PMCID: PMC9196114 DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.09.495422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a crucial role in the mucosal immunity for preventing the invasion of the exogenous antigens, however, little has been understood about the neutralizing activity of serum IgA. Here, to examine the role of IgA antibodies against COVID-19 illnesses, we determined the neutralizing activity of serum/plasma IgG and IgA purified from previously SARS-CoV-2-infected and COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine-receiving individuals. We found that serum/plasma IgA possesses substantial but rather modest neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 compared to IgG with no significant correlation with the disease severity. Neutralizing IgA and IgG antibodies achieved the greatest activity at approximately 25 and 35 days after symptom onset, respectively. However, neutralizing IgA activity quickly diminished and went down below the detection limit approximately 70 days after onset, while substantial IgG activity was observed till 200 days after onset. The total neutralizing activity in sera/plasmas of those with COVID-19 largely correlated with that in purified-IgG and purified-IgA and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding IgG and anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1-binding IgA. In individuals who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 but had no detectable neutralizing IgA activity, a single dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 elicited potent serum/plasma neutralizing IgA activity but the second dose did not further strengthen the neutralization antibody response. The present data show that the systemic immune stimulation with natural infection and COVID-19 mRNA-vaccines elicit both SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing IgG and IgA response in serum, but the IgA response is modest and diminishes faster compared to IgG response. Author Summary Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant type of antibody in the body mostly located on mucosal surfaces as a dimeric secretory IgA. Such secretory IgA plays an important role in preventing the adherence and invasions of foreign objects by its neutralizing activity, while monomeric serum IgA is thought to relate to the phagocytic immune system activation. Here, we report that individuals with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) developed both systemic neutralizing IgG and IgA active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although the neutralizing IgA response was quick and reached the highest activity 25 days post-symptom-onset, compared to 35 days for IgG response, neutralizing IgA activity was modest and diminished faster than neutralizing IgG response. In individuals, who recovered from COVID-19 but had no detectable neutralizing IgA activity, a single dose of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine elicited potent neutralizing IgA activity but the second dose did not further strengthen the antibody response. Our study provides novel insights into the role and the kinetics of serum IgA against the viral pathogen both in naturally-infected and COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine-receiving COVID-19-convalescent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takamatsu
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
| | - Kazumi Omata
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Yosuke Shimizu
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Noriko Kinoshita-Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Mari Terada
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine;,Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Tetsuya Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Shinichiro Morioka
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Yukari Uemura
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute;,Experimental Retrovirology Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health;,Department of Clinical Sciences, Kumamoto University School of Medicine
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Igai K, Kitade O, Fu J, Omata K, Yonezawa T, Ohkuma M, Hongoh Y. Fine-scale genetic diversity and putative ecotypes of oxymonad protists coinhabiting the hindgut of Reticulitermes speratus. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:1317-1331. [PMID: 34865251 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hindgut of lower termites is generally coinhabited by multiple morphologically identifiable protist species. However, it is unclear how many protist species truly coexist in this miniaturized environment, and moreover, it is difficult to define the fundamental unit of protist diversity. Species delineation of termite gut protists has therefore been guided without a theory-based concept of species. Here, we focused on the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes speratus, where 10 or 11 morphologically distinct oxymonad cell types, that is, morphospecies, coexist. We elucidated the phylogenetic structure of all co-occurring oxymonads and addressed whether their diversity can be explained by the "ecotype" hypothesis. Oxymonad-specific 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analyses of whole-gut samples, combined with single-cell 18S rRNA sequencing of the oxymonad morphospecies, identified 210 one-nucleotide-level variants. The phylogenetic analysis of these variants revealed the presence of microdiverse clusters typically within 1% sequence divergence. Each known oxymonad morphospecies comprised one to several monophyletic or paraphyletic microdiverse clusters. Using these sequence data sets, we conducted computational simulation to predict the rates of ecotype formation and periodic selection, and to demarcate putative ecotypes. Our simulations suggested that the oxymonad genetic divergence is constrained primarily by strong selection, in spite of limited population size and possible bottlenecks during intergenerational transmission. A total of 33 oxymonad ecotypes were predicted, and most of the putative ecotypes were consistently detected among different colonies and host individuals. These findings provide a possible theoretical basis for species diversity and underlying mechanisms of coexistence of termite gut protists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsura Igai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Kitade
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jieyang Fu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Omata
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yonezawa
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Moriya Ohkuma
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hongoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Ibaraki, Japan
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Abstract
The Liouville and stochastic Liouville equations have been investigated with respect to the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic model, described in terms of extended Nambu mechanics. It has been shown that, along with the equilibrium distribution functions, the Kubo formula can be derived for the SIR model, although the theory undergoes a few restrictions imposed by the nonlinear nature of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Omata
- Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan
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Satoh F, Iwakura Y, Morimoto R, Ono Y, Tezuka Y, Omata K, Nezu M, Igarashi Y, Kudo M, Ito S. Activated Intrarenal Renin Angiotensin Systems Is the Primary Source of Progressing Renal Damage in Primary Aldosteronism. J Am Soc Hypertens 2016; 10 Suppl 1:e9. [PMID: 27677148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Satoh
- Clinical Hypertension, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Iwakura
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - R Morimoto
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Ono
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Tezuka
- Clinical Hypertension, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Omata
- Clinical Hypertension, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Japan
| | - M Nezu
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Igarashi
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - M Kudo
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Ito
- Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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Artamonov A, Bassalleck B, Bhuyan B, Blackmore E, Bryman D, Chen S, Chiang IH, Christidi IA, Cooper P, Diwan M, Frank J, Fujiwara T, Hu J, Ives J, Izmaylov A, Jaffe D, Kabe S, Kettell S, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kitching P, Kobayashi M, Komatsubara T, Konaka A, Kudenko Y, Landsberg L, Lewis B, Li K, Littenberg L, Macdonald J, Mildenberger J, Mineev O, Miyajima M, Mizouchi K, Muramatsu N, Nakano T, Nomachi M, Nomura T, Numao T, Obraztsov V, Omata K, Patalakha D, Poutissou R, Redlinger G, Sato T, Sekiguchi T, Shaikhiev A, Shinkawa T, Strand R, Sugimoto S, Tamagawa Y, Tschirhart R, Tsunemi T, Vavilov D, Viren B, Wang Z, Wei H, Yershov N, Yoshimura Y, Yoshioka T. Search for heavy neutrinos in K+→μ+νHdecays. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.91.052001 10.1103/physrevd.91.059903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hoshino H, Omata K, Abe M, Honda M, Hanakawa T. P184: Activity and functional connectivity of the premotor-parietal network modulate intrinsic power changes of mu rhythms: an EEG-fMRI study. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ogata R, Suzuki S, Ahn JK, Akune Y, Baranov V, Chen KF, Comfort J, Doroshenko M, Fujioka Y, Hsiung YB, Inagaki T, Ishibashi S, Ishihara N, Ishii H, Iwai E, Iwata T, Kato I, Kobayashi S, Komatsu S, Komatsubara TK, Kurilin AS, Kuzmin E, Lednev A, Lee HS, Lee SY, Lim GY, Ma J, Matsumura T, Moisseenko A, Morii H, Morimoto T, Nakajima Y, Nakano T, Nanjo H, Nishi N, Nix J, Nomura T, Nomachi M, Okuno H, Omata K, Perdue GN, Perov S, Podolsky S, Porokhovoy S, Sakashita K, Sasaki T, Sasao N, Sato H, Sato T, Sekimoto M, Shimogawa T, Shinkawa T, Stepanenko Y, Sugaya Y, Sugiyama A, Sumida T, Tajima Y, Takita S, Tsamalaidze Z, Tsukamoto T, Tung YC, Wah YW, Watanabe H, Wu ML, Yamaga M, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Yoshimura Y, Zheng Y. Study of theKL0→π0π0νν¯decay. Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.84.052009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yamaqishi T, Kato M, Omata K, Hasegawa H, Kanai H. 847 COMPARISON OF EFFECTS OF EZETIMIBE ON CAROTID ARTERIAL ELASTIC MODULUS AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH FLUVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tung YC, Hsiung YB, Ahn JK, Akune Y, Baranov V, Chen KF, Comfort J, Doroshenko M, Fujioka Y, Inagaki T, Ishibashi S, Ishihara N, Ishii H, Iwai E, Iwata T, Kato I, Kobayashi S, Komatsu S, Komatsubara TK, Kurilin AS, Kuzmin E, Lednev A, Lee HS, Lee SY, Lim GY, Ma J, Matsumura T, Moisseenko A, Morii H, Morimoto T, Nakajima Y, Nakano T, Nanjo H, Nishi N, Nix J, Nomura T, Nomachi M, Ogata R, Okuno H, Omata K, Perdue GN, Perov S, Podolsky S, Porokhovoy S, Sakashita K, Sasaki T, Sasao N, Sato H, Sato T, Sekimoto M, Shimogawa T, Shinkawa T, Stepanenko Y, Sugaya Y, Sugiyama A, Sumida T, Suzuki S, Tajima Y, Takita S, Tsamalaidze Z, Tsukamoto T, Wah Y, Watanabe H, Wu ML, Yamaga M, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Yoshimura Y, Zheng Y. Search for the decayKL0→3γ. Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.031101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Omata K, Hanakawa T, Morimoto M, Honda M. P19-10 Influence of cardiac and respiratory artifacts on the relationship between spontaneous EEG and fMRI signals. Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)60888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ahn JK, Akune Y, Baranov V, Chen KF, Comfort J, Doroshenko M, Fujioka Y, Hsiung YB, Inagaki T, Ishibashi S, Ishihara N, Ishii H, Iwai E, Iwata T, Kato I, Kobayashi S, Komatsu S, Komatsubara TK, Kurilin AS, Kuzmin E, Lednev A, Lee HS, Lee SY, Lim GY, Ma J, Matsumura T, Moisseenko A, Morii H, Morimoto T, Nakajima Y, Nakano T, Nanjo H, Nishi N, Nix J, Nomura T, Nomachi M, Ogata R, Okuno H, Omata K, Perdue GN, Perov S, Podolsky S, Porokhovoy S, Sakashita K, Sasaki T, Sasao N, Sato H, Sato T, Sekimoto M, Shimogawa T, Shinkawa T, Stepanenko Y, Sugaya Y, Sugiyama A, Sumida T, Suzuki S, Tajima Y, Takita S, Tsamalaidze Z, Tsukamoto T, Tung YC, Wah YW, Watanabe H, Wu ML, Yamaga M, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Yoshimura Y, Zheng Y. Experimental study of the decayKL0→π0νν¯. Int J Clin Exp Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.81.072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yasujima M, Abe K, Tanno M, Sato K, Kasai Y, Seino M, Chiba S, Goto T, Omata K, Tajima J. Chronic Effects of Norepinephrine and Vasopressin on Urinary Prostaglandin E and Kallikrein Excretions in Conscious Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 6:1297-310. [PMID: 6565534 DOI: 10.3109/10641968409039598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To assess in vivo functional interactions of vasopressor substances, norepinephrine and vasopressin, with renal prostaglandins and kallikrein-kinin system which are responsible for the vasodepressor mechanism in the kidney, we evaluated chronic effects of norepinephrine (1.8 mg/kg/day ip) and vasopressin (7.2 U/kg/day ip) on urinary prostaglandin E excretion and urinary kallikrein excretion in conscious rats. Both norepinephrine and vasopressin induced a sustained increase in systolic blood pressure. Norepinephrine induced slight but significant increases in urinary prostaglandin E excretion and urinary kallikrein excretion which were sustained for up to 6 days. Vasopressin induced a marked increase in urinary prostaglandin E excretion which was sustained for up to 6 days, whereas it induced a sustained decrease in urinary kallikrein excretion. Circulating angiotensin II levels was not changed by norepinephrine, but was decreased by vasopressin. These results indicate that renal prostaglandin E may not correlate with renal kallikrein-kinin and renin-angiotensin system in the responses to norepinephrine and vasopressin, and that vasopressin may be a more potent stimulator of the synthesis or release of renal prostaglandin E.
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Tung YC, Hsiung YB, Wu ML, Chen KF, Ahn JK, Akune Y, Baranov V, Comfort J, Doroshenko M, Fujioka Y, Inagaki T, Ishibashi S, Ishihara N, Ishii H, Iwai E, Iwata T, Kato I, Kobayashi S, Komatsubara TK, Kurilin AS, Kuzmin E, Lednev A, Lee HS, Lee SY, Lim GY, Ma J, Matsumura T, Moisseenko A, Morii H, Morimoto T, Nakano T, Nanjo H, Nix J, Nomura T, Nomachi M, Ogata R, Okuno H, Omata K, Perdue GN, Podolsky S, Sakashita K, Sasaki T, Sasao N, Sato H, Sato T, Sekimoto M, Shinkawa T, Sugaya Y, Sugiyama A, Sumida T, Suzuki S, Tajima Y, Takita S, Tsamalaidze Z, Tsukamoto T, Wah Y, Watanabe H, Yamaga M, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Yoshimura Y, Zheng Y. Search for a light pseudoscalar particle in the decay K_{L};{0}-->pi;{0}pi;{0}X. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:051802. [PMID: 19257503 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.051802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We performed a search for a light pseudoscalar particle X in the decay K_{L};{0}-->pi;{0}pi;{0}X, X-->gammagamma with the E391a detector at KEK. Such a particle with a mass of 214.3 MeV/c;{2} was suggested by the HyperCP experiment. We found no evidence for X and set an upper limit on the product branching ratio for K_{L};{0}-->pi;{0}pi;{0}X, X-->gammagamma of 2.4x10;{-7} at the 90% confidence level. Upper limits on the branching ratios in the mass region of X from 194.3 to 219.3 MeV/c;{2} are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tung
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sakai M, Shimbo T, Omata K, Takahashi Y, Satomura K, Kitamura T, Kawamura T, Baba H, Yoshihara M, Itoh H. Cost-effectiveness of gargling for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. BMC Health Serv Res 2008; 8:258. [PMID: 19087312 PMCID: PMC2651874 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-8-258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Japan, gargling is a generally accepted way of preventing upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). The effectiveness of gargling for preventing URTI has been shown in a randomized controlled trial that compared incidences of URTI between gargling and control groups. From the perspective of the third-party payer, gargling is dominant due to the fact that the costs of gargling are borne by the participant. However, the cost-effectiveness of gargling from a societal perspective should be considered. In this study, economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of gargling for preventing URTI from a societal perspective. Methods Among participants in the gargling trial, 122 water-gargling and 130 control subjects were involved in the economic analysis. Sixty-day cumulative follow-up costs and effectiveness measured by quality-adjusted life days (QALD) were compared between groups on an intention-to-treat basis. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was converted to dollars per quality-adjusted life years (QALY). The 95% confidence interval (95%CI) and probability of gargling being cost-effective were estimated by bootstrapping. Results After 60 days, QALD was increased by 0.43 and costs were $37.1 higher in the gargling group than in the control group. ICER of the gargling group was $31,800/QALY (95%CI, $1,900–$248,100). Although this resembles many acceptable forms of medical intervention, including URTI preventive measures such as influenza vaccination, the broad confidence interval indicates uncertainty surrounding our results. In addition, one-way sensitivity analysis also indicated that careful evaluation is required for the cost of gargling and the utility of moderate URTI. The major limitation of this study was that this trial was conducted in winter, at a time when URTI is prevalent. Care must be taken when applying the results to a season when URTI is not prevalent, since the ICER will increase due to decreases in incidence. Conclusion This study suggests gargling as a cost-effective preventive strategy for URTI that is acceptable from perspectives of both the third-party payer and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michi Sakai
- Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
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Omata K, Takahashi Y, Shimbo T. Spatiotemporal Analysis of Influenza Epidemics in Japan. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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18
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Takahashi Y, Omata K, Shimbo T. An Annual Epidemic of Influenza in Japan Analyzed with Network Analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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19
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Artamonov AV, Bassalleck B, Bhuyan B, Blackmore EW, Bryman DA, Chen S, Chiang IH, Christidi IA, Cooper PS, Diwan MV, Frank JS, Fujiwara T, Hu J, Ives J, Jaffe DE, Kabe S, Kettell SH, Khabibullin MM, Khotjantsev AN, Kitching P, Kobayashi M, Komatsubara TK, Konaka A, Kozhevnikov AP, Kudenko YG, Kushnirenko A, Landsberg LG, Lewis B, Li KK, Littenberg LS, Macdonald JA, Mildenberger J, Mineev OV, Miyajima M, Mizouchi K, Mukhin VA, Muramatsu N, Nakano T, Nomachi M, Nomura T, Numao T, Obraztsov VF, Omata K, Patalakha DI, Petrenko SV, Poutissou R, Ramberg EJ, Redlinger G, Sato T, Sekiguchi T, Shinkawa T, Strand RC, Sugimoto S, Tamagawa Y, Tschirhart R, Tsunemi T, Vavilov DV, Viren B, Wang Z, Yershov NV, Yoshimura Y, Yoshioka T. New measurement of the K+-->pi+ nunu branching ratio. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:191802. [PMID: 19113260 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.191802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three events for the decay K+-->pi+ nunu have been observed in the pion momentum region below the K+-->pi+pi0 peak, 140 < Ppi < 199 MeV/c, with an estimated background of 0.93+/-0.17(stat.) -0.24+0.32(syst.) events. Combining this observation with previously reported results yields a branching ratio of B(K+-->pi+ nunu) = (1.73(-1.05)+1.15) x 10(-10) consistent with the standard model prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Artamonov
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow Region, 142 280, Russia
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Kabuto C, Omata K, Kabuto K, Sasaki Y. Supramolecular assemblies of lanthanide clusters with chiral ligands in the crystalline state. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308086832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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21
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Ahn JK, Akune Y, Baranov V, Chen KF, Comfort J, Doroshenko M, Fujioka Y, Hsiung YB, Inagaki T, Ishibashi S, Ishihara N, Ishii H, Iwai E, Iwata T, Kato I, Kobayashi S, Komatsubara TK, Kurilin AS, Kuzmin E, Lednev A, Lee HS, Lee SY, Lim GY, Ma J, Matsumura T, Moisseenko A, Morii H, Morimoto T, Nakano T, Nanjo H, Nix J, Nomura T, Nomachi M, Okuno H, Omata K, Perdue GN, Podolsky S, Sakashita K, Sasaki T, Sasao N, Sato H, Sato T, Sekimoto M, Shinkawa T, Sugaya Y, Sugiyama A, Sumida T, Suzuki S, Tajima Y, Takita S, Tsamalaidze Z, Tsukamoto T, Tung YC, Wah YW, Watanabe H, Wu ML, Yamaga M, Yamanaka T, Yoshida HY, Yoshimura Y. Search for the Decay K L0-->pi0nu nu[over]. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:201802. [PMID: 18518524 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We performed a search for the K L0-->pi0nu nu[over] decay at the KEK 12-GeV proton synchrotron. No candidate events were observed. An upper limit on the branching ratio for the decay was set to be 6.7 x 10(-8) at the 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Ahn
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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22
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Omata K, Kobayashi Y, Yamada M. Artificial neural network aided virtual screening of additives to a Co/SrCO3 catalyst for preferential oxidation of CO in excess hydrogen. CATAL COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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Nishikawa K, Watanabe M, Kita E, Igai K, Omata K, Yaffe MB, Natori Y. A multivalent peptide library approach identifies a novel Shiga toxin inhibitor that induces aberrant cellular transport of the toxin. FASEB J 2006; 20:2597-9. [PMID: 17065223 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-6572fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis in humans, sometimes resulting in fatal systemic complications. Among the known Stx family members, Stx2 is responsible for the most severe forms of disease. Stx2 binds to target cells via multivalent interactions between its B-subunit pentamer and globotriaosyl ceramide. After binding, it is first retrogradely transported to the Golgi and then to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Using a multivalent peptide library approach, we identified a tetravalent peptide that exhibits a high affinity for the Stx2 B-subunit pentamer (KD = 0.13 microM) and markedly inhibits Stx2 cytotoxicity. The tetravalent peptide exerted its inhibitory effects by inducing aberrant cellular transport of Stx2. Although the tetravalent peptide/Stx2 complex was incorporated into cells and translocated to the Golgi, this process was followed by the effective degradation of Stx2 in an acidic compartment rather than by its transfer to the ER. This peptide thoroughly protected mice from a fatal dose of E. coli O157:H7 even when administered after an established infection. Thus, the multivalent peptide library approach enabled the identification of a peptide-based Stx2 inhibitor that has remarkable therapeutic potency and appears to function by inducing aberrant cellular transport and degradation of Stx2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Nishikawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
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Shiohara A, Manabe N, Omata K, Yamamoto K. Novel Surface Processing with Sulfonic Acid for Quantum Dot and Its Characteristics. J Chem Eng Japan 2006. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.39.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amane Shiohara
- Department of Medical Ecology and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Manabe
- Department of Medical Ecology and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan
| | - Kazumi Omata
- Department of Medical Ecology and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan
| | - Kenji Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Ecology and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan
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Takahashi R, Ohishi M, Ohshima M, Saitoh M, Omata K, Tokuyama T. Characteristics of an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium with a plasmid isolated from alkaline soils and its phylogenetic relationship. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 92:232-6. [PMID: 16233089 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.92.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2001] [Accepted: 06/08/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, strain TCH716, was isolated from alkaline soil at Harbin city, China. The cells of strain TCH716 are lobate (0.8-1.5 x 1.0-2.0 microm), gram-negative, obligately aerobic, and nonmotile. Colonies (1-2 mm in diameter) on gellan gum plate culture are reddish, circular, and smooth. The G + C content of DNA is 54.78 mol%. Its percentage of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (%) to Nitrosolobus multiformis ATCC 25196T (type strain) is 98.56%. This bacterium has an optimal growth temperature and pH at 30 degrees C and 8.0-8.5, respectively. The concentration of ammonium sulfate in the HEPES medium for optimum growth of this bacterium is 38 mM. Strain TCH716 was found to have a plasmid (approximately 6.5 kbp) that possessed a plasmid-linked gene for sulfonamide resistance. Phosphoglycerate kinase, RubisCO and PEPC were found to possess high specific activities compared to the activities of these enzymes in strain ATCC 25978T. In identification of strain TCH716, both morphological characteristics (compartmentalized cells) and the phylogenetic relationship based on 16S rRNA gene sequence are important. Based on results obtained, strain TCH716 belongs to the genus Nitrosolobus, and designated as Nitrosolobus sp. TCH716.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takahashi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
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26
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Sakai K, Omata K, Takagi K. Direct observation of slow molecular relaxation by high-resolution light scattering spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:024503. [PMID: 15638594 DOI: 10.1063/1.1829038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a novel dynamic light scattering system to observe elastic relaxation phenomena with hyper frequency resolution. The principle of the measurement is based on the theory, which describes the dynamic structure factor of fluid under the condition of the frequency dependent compressibility. The dynamic structure factor, which is usually composed of the Brillouin and Rayleigh triplet, is modulated and shows an additional central component that directly reflects the whole aspect of the relaxation. In the experiment, the output from a frequency-doubled cw-YAG laser was incident into the liquid sample and the power spectrum of the light scattered into the backward direction was analyzed by the optical beating spectroscopy technique. The sample is liquid acetic acid that is known to show a strong ultrasonic relaxation around 1 MHz due to the molecular association process. We could find in the observed spectrum, the central component introduced by the phenomenon, whose relaxation frequency and the strength can be obtained from the width and the intensity of the observed central peak, respectively. The results show very good agreement with those previously obtained by the conventional ultrasonic spectroscopy technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sakai
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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27
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Omata K, Nukui N, Hottai T, Showa Y, Yamada M. Strontium carbonate supported cobalt catalyst for dry reforming of methane under pressure. CATAL COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2004.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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28
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Omata K, Nukui N, Hottai T, Yamada M. Cobalt–magnesia catalyst by oxalate co-precipitation method for dry reforming of methane under pressure. CATAL COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2004.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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29
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Anisimovsky VV, Artamonov AV, Bassalleck B, Bhuyan B, Blackmore EW, Bryman DA, Chen S, Chiang IH, Christidi IA, Cooper PS, Diwan MV, Frank JS, Fujiwara T, Hu J, Ivashkin AP, Jaffe DE, Kabe S, Kettell SH, Khabibullin MM, Khotjantsev AN, Kitching P, Kobayashi M, Komatsubara TK, Konaka A, Kozhevnikov AP, Kudenko YG, Kushnirenko A, Landsberg LG, Lewis B, Li KK, Littenberg LS, Macdonald JA, Mildenberger J, Mineev OV, Miyajima M, Mizouchi K, Mukhin VA, Muramatsu N, Nakano T, Nomachi M, Nomura T, Numao T, Obraztsov VF, Omata K, Patalakha DI, Petrenko SV, Poutissou R, Ramberg EJ, Redlinger G, Sato T, Sekiguchi T, Shinkawa T, Strand RC, Sugimoto S, Tamagawa Y, Tschirhart R, Tsunemi T, Vavilov DV, Viren B, Yershov NV, Yoshimura Y, Yoshioka T. Improved measurement of the K+-->pi+nunu; branching ratio. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:031801. [PMID: 15323812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An additional event near the upper kinematic limit for K+-->pi(+)nunu; has been observed by experiment E949 at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Combining previously reported and new data, the branching ratio is B(K+-->pi(+)nunu;)=(1.47(+1.30)(-0.89))x10(-10) based on three events observed in the pion momentum region 211<P<229 MeV/c. At the measured central value of the branching ratio, the additional event had a signal-to-background ratio of 0.9.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Anisimovsky
- Institute for Nuclear Research RAS, 60 October Revolution Prospect 7a, 117312 Moscow, Russia
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30
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Ishihara N, Ito R, Kunimi Y, Emura T, Kato Y, Nishi T, Sakamoto Y, Tamura N, Kitamura S, Miyamoto S, Nagasaka Y, Ohama T, Inagaki T, Omata K, Takeda S, Yamada Y. Search for neutrinoless double beta decay with DCBA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5632(02)01731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Hashimoto O, Ajimura S, Aoki K, Bhang H, Hasegawa T, Hotchi H, Kim YD, Kishimoto T, Maeda K, Noumi H, Ohta Y, Omata K, Outa H, Park H, Sato Y, Sekimoto M, Shibata T, Takahashi T, Youn M. Proton energy spectra in the nonmesonic weak decay of 12lambdaC and 28lambdaSi hypernuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:042503. [PMID: 11801115 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.042503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Numbers of protons per Gamma hypernuclear weak decay were measured as a function of proton energy above 40 MeV, explicitly identifying production of Gamma hypernuclei by the (pi+,K+) reaction. The ratios between the neutron-stimulated to proton-stimulated nonmesonic decay widths, Gamma((Lambda)n-->nn)/Gamma((Lambda)p-->np) ( = Gamma(n)/Gamma(p)) were extracted by fitting the proton energy spectra. The present result claims that the proton yields are suppressed and the Gamma(n)/Gamma(p) ratios are close to 1 both for 12LambdaC and 28LambdaSi in contradiction to theoretical expectations based on meson exchange models.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hashimoto
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Kohagura K, Arima S, Endo Y, Chiba Y, Ito O, Abe M, Omata K, Ito S. Involvement of cytochrome P450 metabolites in the vascular action of angiotensin II on the afferent arterioles. Hypertens Res 2001; 24:551-7. [PMID: 11675950 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.24.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that cytochrome P450-dependent metabolites of arachidonic acid (CYP450-AA) play important roles in the control of renal vascular resistance (RVR). In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of CYP450-AA in the vasoconstrictor action of angiotensin II (Ang II) on the afferent arterioles (Af-Arts), a vascular segment crucial to the control of RVR. Rabbit Af-Arts were microperfused at 60 mmHg in vitro, and the vasoconstrictor action of Ang II (10(-11)-10(-8) M, added to both the bath and lumen) was examined with or without blocking the activity of CYP450 epoxygenase or hydroxylase. Ang II decreased the luminal diameter of Af-Arts in a dose-dependent manner (34+/-2% of control diameter at 10(-8) M, n=9, p<0.0001). Pretreatment with miconazole, an inhibitor of CYP450 epoxygenase, at 10(-6) M decreased the basal diameter by 14+/-1% (n=6, p<0.01) and augmented the vasoconstrictor action of Ang II (7+/-3% of control diameter at 10(-8) M, p<0.001 vs. without miconazole). This augmentation was abolished by blocking the Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptor with PD 123319 at 10(-7) M. In contrast, pretreatment with 17-octadecynoic acid (17-ODYA, 10(-6) M), which inhibits both epoxygenase and hydroxylase activity, had no effect on the basal diameter but attenuated the vasoconstrictor action of Ang 11(46+/-2% of control diameter at 10(-8) M, p<0.01 vs. without 17-ODYA). Our results demonstrate that in the Af-Art, endogenous CYP450-AA are involved not only in the control of basal tone but also in the action of Ang II. Further, it appears that the CYP450 epoxygenase pathway attenuates Ang II action via AT2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kohagura
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Ito O, Omata K, Ito S, Hoagland KM, Roman RJ. Effects of converting enzyme inhibitors on renal P-450 metabolism of arachidonic acid. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2001; 280:R822-30. [PMID: 11171663 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.3.r822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on the renal metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) were examined. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with vehicle, captopril (25 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), enalapril (10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), or candesartan (1 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 1 wk. The production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by renal cortical microsomes increased in rats treated with captopril by 59 and 24% and by 90 and 58% in rats treated with enalapril. Captopril and enalapril increased 20-HETE production in the outer medulla by 100 and 143%, respectively. In contrast, blockade of ANG II type 1 receptors with candesartan had no effect on the renal metabolism of AA. Captopril and enalapril increased cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) reductase protein levels in the renal cortex and outer medulla and the expression of CYP450 4A protein in the outer medulla. The effects of captopril on the renal metabolism of AA were prevented by the bradykinin-receptor antagonist, HOE-140, or the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. These results suggest that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may increase the formation of 20-HETE and EETs secondary to increases in the intrarenal levels of kinins and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ito
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Hypertension, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980 - 8574, Japan
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Suzuki N, Hishinuma T, Abe F, Omata K, Ito S, Sugiyama M, Mizugaki M. Difference in urinary LTE4 and 11-dehydro-TXB2 excretion in asthmatic patients. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2000; 62:395-403. [PMID: 11060902 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(00)00091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bronchoconstrictor cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) and thromboxane (TX) A2 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. Determination of urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels are often used to assess cysteinyl LT and TXA2 production in humans. To define the potential role in the pathogenesis of asthma, we investigated the urinary LTE4 and 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels. LTE4 and 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels were determined using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), respectively. Urinary LTE4 levels in asthmatic patients (192 +/- 122 pg/mg creatinine, n = 14) were significantly higher (P < 0.005) than those in healthy volunteers (55 +/- 16 pg/mg creatinine, n = 13), but no significant difference in 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels was observed. A significant inverse correlation (r = -0.821, P < 0.005) was found between urinary LTE4 levels and the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) but no significant correlation was observed between urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels and FEV1. The present findings suggest that cysteinyl LTs play a more important role in the pathogenesis of asthma than TXA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Suzuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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35
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Monzawa S, Omata K, Nakazima H, Yokosuka N, Ito A, Araki T. [Advanced gastric cancer: the findings of delayed phase dynamic CT and radiologic-histopathologic correlation]. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 2000; 60:508-13. [PMID: 11019578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to describe delayed phase dynamic CT findings of advanced (T2-T4) gastric cancer and to correlate with histopathologic findings. METHOD/MATERIALS Quadruple phase dynamic CT including delayed imaging taken five minutes after the start of injection of contrast material was performed in 43 patients with 45 advanced gastric cancer and 20 control subjects with no gastric lesions. On delayed phase CT scans, the attenuation of the gastric wall was equal to or lower than that of the liver parenchyma in the control subjects, therefore, the presence of higher attenuation in the gastric wall was considered to be abnormal and defined as delayed enhancement. Histopathologic findings in the tumors showing delayed enhancement were compared with those in the tumors without this feature. RESULTS Delayed enhancement was seen in 26 (57%) of the 45 tumors. Eleven of 25 differentiated-type tumors and 15 of 20 undifferentiated-type tumors showed delayed enhancement (P < .05). Delayed enhancement was seen in one of five medullary type tumors, in 11 of 25 intermediate-type tumors, and in 14 of 15 scirrhous-type tumors (P < .005). CONCLUSIONS Delayed enhancement was frequently seen in the tumors with abundant fibrous tissue stroma. Delayed phase dynamic CT may be useful for the characterization of advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Monzawa
- Department of Radiology, Yamanashi Hospital
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36
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Kondo T, Katoh R, Omata K, Oyama T, Yagawa A, Kawaoi A. Incidentally detected liver metastasis of well-differentiated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, mimicking ectopic thyroid. Pathol Int 2000; 50:509-13. [PMID: 10886730 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2000.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A case of incidentally detected liver metastasis of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, histologically mimicking ectopic thyroid, is described. The patient was a 48-year-old woman. A 2-cm mass was incidentally detected in the left lobe of the liver by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Partial liver resection was performed for diagnosis and treatment. Histologically, the liver nodule was composed of small-to-large follicles containing colloid material. The lining epithelium was flat or cuboidal and showed no cellular or nuclear atypia. Immunohistochemical studies for thyroid-specific proteins, thyroglobulin (Tg), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), suggested that the nodule was of thyroid origin. Therefore, a differential diagnosis of metastasis of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, ectopic thyroid tissue and teratoma was made. The patient had a history of subtotal thyroidectomy performed 8 years ago due to a thyroid tumor. The original surgical specimens of the thyroid tumor were diagnosed as follicular adenoma. Additional sections of the specimen were reviewed and an area of convincing vascular invasion was found that was suggestive of follicular carcinoma. Subsequent whole-body examination failed to find other metastases. It was determined that the liver tumor was metastasized from well-differentiated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kondo
- Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Japan.
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37
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Abstract
A first step in the dosimetry of fast-ion beams is the determination of accurate Bragg (ionization) functions. Bragg functions for several substances have been measured and calculated for 3480 MeV carbon ions. In the measurements, the ions first traverse an absorber in which the energy is reduced to either 1900 or 1200 MeV, then a "range gauge" followed by a thin ionization chamber. Functions are calculated with an analytical method using convolutions of straggling functions. This approach gives results without the stochastic variations implicit in Monte Carlo methods. The comparison of measured and calculated functions shows how reliable the calculations are. An important part of the calculations is the determination of the total range of the ions. The range can be determined from the Bragg function. The measured range is given by the sum of the thickness of the absorber and the residual range measured with the range gauge. For water, the range is about 150 mm, and the precision of the measurements is +/-0.05 mm. Because the ion energy at the surface of the absorber fluctuates with time, measurements with water are used to define this energy. Thus the ranges (or average stopping powers) in absorbers are obtained relative to those in water. Measured ranges R(m) are compared with ranges R(0) calculated with a current version of the Bethe theory. For light absorbers (atomic number Z < 20), differences between R(m) and R(0) are less than +/-0.3 mm; for Z > 20 differences are between 0 and +/-0.6 mm. This agreement between calculated and measured ranges confirms the value I = 80 eV for water measured earlier for protons. The ionization by nuclear fragments is obtained from the difference between measured and calculated ionization functions, and has little influence on the ranges of the primary ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bichsel
- Nuclear Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle Washington 98195-4290, USA
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38
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Omata K, Ito S, Tsunoda K. [Treatment of renovascular hypertension]. Nihon Rinsho 2000; 58 Suppl 2:513-6. [PMID: 11028391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Omata
- Department of Nephrology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine
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39
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Omata K, Ito S. [Kallikrein-kinin in hypertension]. Nihon Rinsho 2000; 58 Suppl 1:452-6. [PMID: 11026310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Omata
- Department of Nephrology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine
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40
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Kohagura K, Endo Y, Ito O, Arima S, Omata K, Ito S. Endogenous nitric oxide and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids modulate angiotensin II-induced constriction in the rabbit afferent arteriole. Acta Physiol Scand 2000; 168:107-12. [PMID: 10691787 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), cytochrome P450 epoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid, are released by the vascular endothelium and play important roles in the control of glomerular haemodynamics. We examined whether endogenous NO or EETs modulate angiotensin II- (AngII) induced constriction in isolated microperfused afferent arteriole (Af-Art) of the rabbit kidney. When Af-Arts were treated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthese; 10-4 mol L-1) or miconazole (an inhibitor of P450 epoxygenase; 10-6 mol L-1), basal diameter was decreased by 34.5 +/- 2.2 and 13.9 +/- 3.2%, respectively. AngII added to both the bath and lumen decreased the diameter of Af-Arts in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with either L-NAME or miconazole also augmented the constrictor response to AngII. AngII at 10-8 mol L-1 decreased the diameter to 39.2 +/- 1.4, 32.9 +/- 3.6, and 12.7 +/- 4.6%, in control, L-NAME-, and miconazole-treated group, respectively. In order to study whether the AngII type2 (AT2) receptor modulates AngII action via NO or EETs, we repeated the experiments in the presence of PD123319 (an AT2 receptor antagonist; 10-7 mol L-1). In the presence of PD123319, L-NAME still augmented the constrictor response to AngII, however, miconazole had no effect. In the presence of PD123319, AngII at 10-8 mol L-1 decreased the diameter to 25.0 +/- 4.6, 9.4 +/- 4.0, and 26.0 +/- 3.3%, in control, L-NAME-, and miconazole-treated group, respectively. These results suggest that (1) tonic release of NO and EETs attenuates the vasoconstrictor response to AngII in Af-Arts and (2) AT2 receptor seems to be coupled to EETs rather than the NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kohagura
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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41
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Ito O, Omata K, Ito S. [Control of renal hemodynamics by cytochrome P450-dependent metabolites of arachidonic acid]. Nihon Rinsho 2000; 58 Suppl 1:308-11. [PMID: 11026280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Ito
- Department of Nephrology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine
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42
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Nagura S, Katoh R, Kawaoi A, Kobayashi M, Obara T, Omata K. Immunohistochemical estimations of growth activity to predict biological behavior of pheochromocytomas. Mod Pathol 1999; 12:1107-11. [PMID: 10619262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
To determine the usefulness of immunohistochemical estimations of growth activity to predict biological behavior of pheochromocytomas (PC), 42 cases of PC (33 adrenal and nine extra-adrenal tumors) were studied by immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody, MIB-1. The mean MIB-1-positive cell rate for all 42 PCs was low (1.4%). The MIB-1-positive cell rates of adrenal PCs were significantly higher in malignant tumors (mean, 3.30%) than in benign tumors (mean, 0.81%) (P = .0184). In extra-adrenal PCs, the difference between benign (mean, 0.44%) and malignant (mean, 5.10%) tumors was also statistically significant (P = .0004). Other clinicopathologic factors, including family history, age, sex, and multiple endocrine neoplasm (MEN) type II status were also examined and were not statistically significant. In conclusion, estimation of the MIB-1-positive cell rate is useful for histologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. Especially, it is important to note that a high MIB-1-positive cell rate (>2%) is highly suggestive of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nagura
- Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Japan.
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43
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Omata K, Abe K. [Kallikrein, kininogen and kinin in health and disease]. Nihon Rinsho 1999; 57 Suppl:389-92. [PMID: 10778146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Omata
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to make a precise preoperative diagnosis is a valuable and effective method in improving the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. The authors examined retrospectively whether preoperative histopathologic analysis with p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA ploidy along with preoperative radiographic and endoscopic findings led to a precise preoperative diagnosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. METHODS Histopathologic analysis of p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA content was performed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. Tissue sections from endoscopic and surgically resected specimens were stained immunohistochemically for p53 protein and Ki-67 labeling index, and the cell nuclear DNA content of the surgically resected primary lesion was measured using a microspectrophotometer. These analyses were performed on 16 patients with early gastric carcinoma (EGC) who were diagnosed with advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) based on the preoperative imaging findings and on 15 patients with AGC who were diagnosed preoperatively with EGC. RESULTS Overexpression of p53 in the AGC group was significantly more frequent compared with that in the EGC group (P = 0.0386). With regard to the correlation between lymph node metastases and p53 overexpression, there was no apparent relation in either the AGC group (P = 0.648) or the EGC group (P = 0.726). The AGC group had significantly higher Ki-67 labeling indices compared with the EGC group (P = 0.0195). There was complete concordance between endoscopic and surgically resected specimens with regard to the p53 and Ki-67 labeling index findings. DNA ploidy in the primary tumor did not differ between the AGC and EGC groups. The survival rates for the EGC group were significantly superior to those for the AGC group (P = 0.0312). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study suggest that in routine clinical practice, the combination of preoperative imaging findings in addition to Ki-67 labeling indexes, and p53 protein analyses may be useful for the accurate diagnosis of EGC; however, DNA ploidy did not appear to reflect the growth potential of gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Igarashi
- Social Insurance Funabashi Central Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
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45
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to make a precise preoperative diagnosis is a valuable and effective method in improving the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. The authors examined retrospectively whether preoperative histopathologic analysis with p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA ploidy along with preoperative radiographic and endoscopic findings led to a precise preoperative diagnosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. METHODS Histopathologic analysis of p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA content was performed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. Tissue sections from endoscopic and surgically resected specimens were stained immunohistochemically for p53 protein and Ki-67 labeling index, and the cell nuclear DNA content of the surgically resected primary lesion was measured using a microspectrophotometer. These analyses were performed on 16 patients with early gastric carcinoma (EGC) who were diagnosed with advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) based on the preoperative imaging findings and on 15 patients with AGC who were diagnosed preoperatively with EGC. RESULTS Overexpression of p53 in the AGC group was significantly more frequent compared with that in the EGC group (P = 0.0386). With regard to the correlation between lymph node metastases and p53 overexpression, there was no apparent relation in either the AGC group (P = 0.648) or the EGC group (P = 0.726). The AGC group had significantly higher Ki-67 labeling indices compared with the EGC group (P = 0.0195). There was complete concordance between endoscopic and surgically resected specimens with regard to the p53 and Ki-67 labeling index findings. DNA ploidy in the primary tumor did not differ between the AGC and EGC groups. The survival rates for the EGC group were significantly superior to those for the AGC group (P = 0.0312). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study suggest that in routine clinical practice, the combination of preoperative imaging findings in addition to Ki-67 labeling indexes, and p53 protein analyses may be useful for the accurate diagnosis of EGC; however, DNA ploidy did not appear to reflect the growth potential of gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Igarashi
- Social Insurance Funabashi Central Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
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46
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Yamada M, Omata K, Abe F, Ito S, Abe K. Changes in prostacyclin, thromboxane A2 and F2-isoprostanes, and influence of eicosapentaenoic acid and antiplatelet agents in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Immunopharmacology 1999; 44:193-8. [PMID: 10604544 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostacyclin (PGI2), thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and F2-isoprostanes, prostaglandin F2-like compounds, have wide and contrasting spectrum of biological activities and may influence blood pressure and atherogenesis. To investigate the dynamics of PGI2, TXA2 and F2-isoprostanes in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia (HH group), we measured the major urinary metabolites of PGI2: 6-keto PGF1alpha (Keto) and 2,3-dinor-6-keto PGF1alpha, (Dinor), those of TXA2:TXB2 and 11-dehydro TXB2 (Dehydro), and urinary 8-isoprostane (Iso) in 34 patients. Urinary excretion of Dinor was significantly lower in patients than in controls and that of Dehydro was significantly higher in patients than in controls. Keto, TXB2 and Iso were not significantly different between them. Antiplatelet agents decreased not only TXA2 metabolites but also PGI2 metabolites. Urinary C-peptide immunoreactivity was correlated with Dinor and Dehydro. After administration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), total cholesterol (T-cho) and triglycerides (TG) significantly decreased. Although prostanoids did not show significant change, changes in T-cho were correlated with changes in Dinor and changes in Iso. These results suggest that PGI2 and TXA2 of systemic origin might be related to the pathophysiology of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and that the dynamics of PGI2, TXA2 and F2-isoprostanes might be related to not only blood pressure regulation but also lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamada
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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47
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Omata K, Saito T, Sato H, Sato T, Abe F, Yamada M, Yaoita H, Endo Y, Ito S, Kanazawa M, Abe K. Therapeutic advantage of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in chronic glomerulonephritis. Immunopharmacology 1999; 44:43-8. [PMID: 10604523 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension in chronic progressive renal disease is a major clinical problem leading to renal function loss. We studied the influence of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and the effect of hypertension therapy on renal function in 116 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Patients were subdivided as hypertensive, normotensive and hypotensive according to the level of ABP and age. Hypotensive subjects showed improvement of renal function and normotensive subjects showed slower rate of progression of renal function loss than hypertensives, suggesting the adequate level of ABP was 100-125/55-75 mm Hg in patients less than 40 years old, 100-135/60-80 mm Hg in patients 40-60 years old, and 105-140/60-85 mm Hg in patients over 60 years, respectively. The renal protection of calcium antagonists was associated with achieving lower blood pressure levels, whereas the blood pressure level did not affect progression of renal function in patient treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE inhibitor, but not calcium antagonists, showed a reduction of urinary protein excretion. Thus, the mechanisms of renal protection were different between ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Omata
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to make a precise preoperative diagnosis is a valuable and effective method in improving the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. The authors examined retrospectively whether preoperative histopathologic analysis with p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA ploidy along with preoperative radiographic and endoscopic findings led to a precise preoperative diagnosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. METHODS Histopathologic analysis of p53 protein, Ki-67 labeling index, and DNA content was performed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. Tissue sections from endoscopic and surgically resected specimens were stained immunohistochemically for p53 protein and Ki-67 labeling index, and the cell nuclear DNA content of the surgically resected primary lesion was measured using a microspectrophotometer. These analyses were performed on 16 patients with early gastric carcinoma (EGC) who were diagnosed with advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) based on the preoperative imaging findings and on 15 patients with AGC who were diagnosed preoperatively with EGC. RESULTS Overexpression of p53 in the AGC group was significantly more frequent compared with that in the EGC group (P = 0.0386). With regard to the correlation between lymph node metastases and p53 overexpression, there was no apparent relation in either the AGC group (P = 0.648) or the EGC group (P = 0.726). The AGC group had significantly higher Ki-67 labeling indices compared with the EGC group (P = 0.0195). There was complete concordance between endoscopic and surgically resected specimens with regard to the p53 and Ki-67 labeling index findings. DNA ploidy in the primary tumor did not differ between the AGC and EGC groups. The survival rates for the EGC group were significantly superior to those for the AGC group (P = 0.0312). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study suggest that in routine clinical practice, the combination of preoperative imaging findings in addition to Ki-67 labeling indexes, and p53 protein analyses may be useful for the accurate diagnosis of EGC; however, DNA ploidy did not appear to reflect the growth potential of gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Igarashi
- Social Insurance Funabashi Central Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
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49
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Abe F, Omata K, Yamada M, Tsunoda K, Sato T, Shimizu T, Ito S, Abe K, Nakazima M, Morimoto T, Takanashi N. Specific direct radioimmunoassay of angiotensin II (AT II) in human plasma and the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Immunopharmacology 1999; 44:199-204. [PMID: 10604545 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Specific direct radioimmunoassay of angiotensin II (AT II) in human plasma was developed to evaluate the dynamics of endogenous AT II in various types of hypertension. Detection limit of this method was less than 2.3 pg/ml, and normal value is less than 25 pg/ml. Cross reactivity of antibody with AT I and III was 0.037% and 21%, respectively. There were good correlation between the value measured by direct method, and that of extraction method (r = 0.96, P < 0.01) and plasma renin activity (r = 0.80, P < 0.01). By oral administration of ACE inhibitor (captopril 50 mg), AT II levels were suppressed to 10 pg/ml or less in most patients with essential hypertension, renal parenchymal hypertension and renovascular hypertension up to 2 h. However, AT II levels in patients treated with ACE inhibitors chronically were not different from the AT II levels in patients without ACE inhibitor. In primary aldosteronism AT II was extremely low levels. AT II markedly increased by the stimulation test using furosemide (1 mg/kg i.v.). These results suggest that this method may be useful to clarify the pathophysiology of hypertension and the escape of the inhibition by ACE inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abe
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku Uniuersity School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Yaoita H, Ito O, Arima S, Endo Y, Takeuchi K, Omata K, Ito S. [Effect of adenosine on isolated afferent arterioles]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 1999; 41:697-703. [PMID: 10572395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the direct effect of adenosine on afferent arterioles (Af-Arts) and the receptor subtype that mediates the constrictor or dilator action of adenosine. Af-Arts were isolated from the superficial cortex of rabbit kidney and perfused in vitro. Adenosine added to either the lumen or bath constricted the Af-Arts in a dose-dependent manner. This constriction was blocked by the A1 receptor antagonist, 6-oxo-3-(2-phenylpyrazole(1,5-a)pyridin-3-yl)-1 (6H)-pyridazinebutyric acid (FK838) or 8-cyclopentyl-1, 3-dipropylxanthine(DPCPX). We also examined the effect of adenosine on preconstricted Af-Arts with norepinephrine. Adenosine added to either the lumen or bath further constricted the preconstricted Af-Arts. In the presence of FK838, adenosine added to either the lumen or bath dilated the preconstricted Af-Arts, but in a different dose-dependent manner. Adenosine-induced dilation was inhibited by the A2 receptor antagonist, 3, 7-dimetyl-1-propargylxanthine(DMPX). These data indicate that adenosine constricts Af-Arts via A1 receptors and that adenosine dilates preconstricted Af-Arts via A2 receptors when A1 receptors are blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yaoita
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
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