1
|
Thompson EA, Ols S, Miura K, Rausch K, Narum DL, Spångberg M, Juraska M, Wille-Reece U, Weiner A, Howard RF, Long CA, Duffy PE, Johnston L, O'Neil CP, Loré K. TLR-adjuvanted nanoparticle vaccines differentially influence the quality and longevity of responses to malaria antigen Pfs25. JCI Insight 2018; 3:120692. [PMID: 29769448 PMCID: PMC6012510 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) are considered an integral element of malaria eradication efforts. Despite promising evaluations of Plasmodium falciparum Pfs25-based TBVs in mice, clinical trials have failed to induce robust and long-lived Ab titers, in part due to the poorly immunogenic nature of Pfs25. Using nonhuman primates, we demonstrate that multiple aspects of Pfs25 immunity were enhanced by antigen encapsulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)–based [(PLGA)-based] synthetic vaccine particles (SVP[Pfs25]) and potent TLR-based adjuvants. SVP[Pfs25] increased Ab titers, Pfs25-specific plasmablasts, circulating memory B cells, and plasma cells in the bone marrow when benchmarked against the clinically tested multimeric form Pfs25-EPA given with GLA-LSQ. SVP[Pfs25] also induced the first reported Pfs25-specific circulating Th1 and Tfh cells to our knowledge. Multivariate correlative analysis indicated several mechanisms for the improved Ab responses. While Pfs25-specific B cells were responsible for increasing Ab titers, T cell responses stimulated increased Ab avidity. The innate immune activation differentially stimulated by the adjuvants revealed a strong correlation between type I IFN polarization, induced by R848 and CpG, and increased Ab half-life and longevity. Collectively, the data identify ways to improve vaccine-induced immunity to poorly immunogenic proteins, both by the choice of antigen and adjuvant formulation, and highlight underlying immunological mechanisms. Distinct TLR-based adjuvants and nanoparticle protein formulations differentially regulate quality and durability of antibody responses in rhesus macaques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Thompson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, and.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Ols
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, and.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Kelly Rausch
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - David L Narum
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mats Spångberg
- Astrid Fagraeus Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michal Juraska
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Amy Weiner
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Patrick E Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Karin Loré
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, and.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
MacDonald NJ, Nguyen V, Shimp R, Reiter K, Herrera R, Burkhardt M, Muratova O, Kumar K, Aebig J, Rausch K, Lambert L, Dawson N, Sattabongkot J, Ambroggio X, Duffy PE, Wu Y, Narum DL. Structural and Immunological Characterization of Recombinant 6-Cysteine Domains of the Plasmodium falciparum Sexual Stage Protein Pfs230. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19913-22. [PMID: 27432885 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.732305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of a Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) transmission blocking vaccine (TBV) has the potential to significantly impact malaria control. Antibodies elicited against sexual stage proteins in the human bloodstream are taken up with the blood meal of the mosquitoes and inactivate parasite development in the mosquito. In a phase 1 trial, a leading TBV identified as Pfs25-EPA/Alhydrogel® appeared safe and immunogenic, however, the level of Pfs25-specific antibodies were likely too low for an effective vaccine. Pfs230, a 230-kDa sexual stage protein expressed in gametocytes is an alternative vaccine candidate. A unique 6-cysteine-rich domain structure within Pfs230 have thwarted its recombinant expression and characterization for clinical evaluation for nearly a quarter of a century. Here, we report on the identification, biochemical, biophysical, and immunological characterization of recombinant Pfs230 domains. Rabbit antibodies generated against recombinant Pfs230 domains blocked mosquito transmission of a laboratory strain and two field isolates using an ex vivo assay. A planned clinical trial of the Pfs230 vaccine is a significant step toward the potential development of a transmission blocking vaccine to eliminate malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J MacDonald
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Vu Nguyen
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Richard Shimp
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Karine Reiter
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Raul Herrera
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Martin Burkhardt
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Olga Muratova
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Krishan Kumar
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Joan Aebig
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Kelly Rausch
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Lynn Lambert
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Nikiah Dawson
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- the Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand, and
| | | | - Patrick E Duffy
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - Yimin Wu
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852
| | - David L Narum
- From the Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moyer D, Vandermierden N, Rausch K, De Luccia F. VIIRS reflective solar bands on-orbit calibration coefficient performance using imagery and moderate band intercomparisons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2062065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
4
|
Ellis RD, Wu Y, Martin LB, Shaffer D, Miura K, Aebig J, Orcutt A, Rausch K, Zhu D, Mogensen A, Fay MP, Narum DL, Long C, Miller L, Durbin AP. Phase 1 study in malaria naïve adults of BSAM2/Alhydrogel®+CPG 7909, a blood stage vaccine against P. falciparum malaria. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46094. [PMID: 23056238 PMCID: PMC3464250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A Phase 1 dose escalating study was conducted in malaria naïve adults to assess the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of the blood stage malaria vaccine BSAM2/Alhydrogel®+ CPG 7909. BSAM2 is a combination of the FVO and 3D7 alleles of recombinant AMA1 and MSP142, with equal amounts by weight of each of the four proteins mixed, bound to Alhydrogel®, and administered with the adjuvant CPG 7909. Thirty (30) volunteers were enrolled in two dose groups, with 15 volunteers receiving up to three doses of 40 µg total protein at Days 0, 56, and 180, and 15 volunteers receiving up to three doses of 160 µg protein on the same schedule. Most related adverse events were mild or moderate, but 4 volunteers experienced severe systemic reactions and two were withdrawn from vaccinations due to adverse events. Geometric mean antibody levels after two vaccinations with the high dose formulation were 136 µg/ml for AMA1 and 78 µg/ml for MSP142. Antibody responses were not significantly different in the high dose versus low dose groups and did not further increase after third vaccination. In vitro growth inhibition was demonstrated and was closely correlated with anti-AMA1 antibody responses. A Phase 1b trial in malaria-exposed adults is being conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth D. Ellis
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yimin Wu
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura B. Martin
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Donna Shaffer
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Biostatistics Research Branch, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joan Aebig
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andrew Orcutt
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Rausch
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daming Zhu
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anders Mogensen
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David L. Narum
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carole Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Louis Miller
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna P. Durbin
- Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the reproducibility of pacing profiles (PP) during simulated swimming trials as well as the comparison between simulated and real competitions (RC). Sixteen competitive front crawl swimmers (7 females, 9 males) performed 2 × 200 m, 2 × 400 m and 2 × 800 m tests, each test 7 days apart. All 100 m split (ST) and total times (TT) were recorded (additionally 50 m ST for the 200 m bouts). The PP of one RC within a maximum of 8 weeks before or after data acquisition was used for comparison. No difference was observed between test and retest for TT (p<0.16). Coefficients of variation (CV) for all ST during 800 m were between 0.9 and 1.8% (standard error of measurement (SEM)=0.6-2.1 s), except for the last 2 sections (CV=2.5% and 2.9%). During 400 m and 200 m, CV was below 1.7% for each section (SEM=0.4-1.7 s). Mean differences between test and retest ranged from 1.8 s (Cl: 0.1-3.4 s) in the 400 m bouts to 4.1 s (Cl: 1.3-9.5 s) for the 800 m races. Although section times were faster during all sections of RC compared to SC, PP was similar during both trials (p>0.22). However, swimmers were faster in each section during RC. In conclusion, PP seem stable, at least during the first three quarters of the race. Furthermore, simulated trials seem to be an acceptable model to analyse PP in competitive swimming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Skorski
- Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Duncan CJA, Sheehy SH, Ewer KJ, Douglas AD, Collins KA, Halstead FD, Elias SC, Lillie PJ, Rausch K, Aebig J, Miura K, Edwards NJ, Poulton ID, Hunt-Cooke A, Porter DW, Thompson FM, Rowland R, Draper SJ, Gilbert SC, Fay MP, Long CA, Zhu D, Wu Y, Martin LB, Anderson CF, Lawrie AM, Hill AVS, Ellis RD. Impact on malaria parasite multiplication rates in infected volunteers of the protein-in-adjuvant vaccine AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel+CPG 7909. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22271. [PMID: 21799809 PMCID: PMC3142129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inhibition of parasite growth is a major objective of blood-stage malaria vaccines. The in vitro assay of parasite growth inhibitory activity (GIA) is widely used as a surrogate marker for malaria vaccine efficacy in the down-selection of candidate blood-stage vaccines. Here we report the first study to examine the relationship between in vivo Plasmodium falciparum growth rates and in vitro GIA in humans experimentally infected with blood-stage malaria. Methods In this phase I/IIa open-label clinical trial five healthy malaria-naive volunteers were immunised with AMA1/C1-Alhydrogel+CPG 7909, and together with three unvaccinated controls were challenged by intravenous inoculation of P. falciparum infected erythrocytes. Results A significant correlation was observed between parasite multiplication rate in 48 hours (PMR) and both vaccine-induced growth-inhibitory activity (Pearson r = −0.93 [95% CI: −1.0, −0.27] P = 0.02) and AMA1 antibody titres in the vaccine group (Pearson r = −0.93 [95% CI: −0.99, −0.25] P = 0.02). However immunisation failed to reduce overall mean PMR in the vaccine group in comparison to the controls (vaccinee 16 fold [95% CI: 12, 22], control 17 fold [CI: 0, 65] P = 0.70). Therefore no impact on pre-patent period was observed (vaccine group median 8.5 days [range 7.5–9], control group median 9 days [range 7–9]). Conclusions Despite the first observation in human experimental malaria infection of a significant association between vaccine-induced in vitro growth inhibitory activity and in vivo parasite multiplication rate, this did not translate into any observable clinically relevant vaccine effect in this small group of volunteers. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT00984763]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J A Duncan
- Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pierce MA, Ellis RD, Martin LB, Malkin E, Tierney E, Miura K, Fay MP, Marjason J, Elliott SL, Mullen GED, Rausch K, Zhu D, Long CA, Miller LH. Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity trial of the Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage malaria vaccine AMA1-C1/ISA 720 in Australian adults. Vaccine 2010; 28:2236-2242. [PMID: 20051276 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A Phase 1 trial was conducted in malaria-naïve adults to evaluate the recombinant protein vaccine apical membrane antigen 1-Combination 1 (AMA1-C1) formulated in Montanide ISA 720 (SEPPIC, France), a water-in-oil adjuvant. Vaccinations were halted early due to a formulation issue unrelated to stability or potency. Twenty-four subjects (12 in each group) were enrolled and received 5 or 20 microg protein at 0 and 3 months and four subjects were enrolled and received one vaccination of 80 microg protein. After first vaccination, nearly all subjects experienced mild to moderate local reactions and six experienced delayed local reactions occurring at Day 9 or later. After the second vaccination, three subjects experienced transient grade 3 (severe) local reactions; the remainder experienced grade 1 or 2 local reactions. All related systemic reactogenicity was grade 1 or 2, except one instance of grade 3 malaise. Anti-AMA1-C1 antibody responses were dose dependent and seen following each vaccination, with mean antibody levels 2-3 fold higher in the 20 microg group compared to the 5 microg group at most time points. In vitro growth-inhibitory activity was a function of the anti-AMA1 antibody titer. AMA1-C1 formulated in ISA 720 is immunogenic in malaria-naïve Australian adults. It is reasonably tolerated, though some transient, severe, and late local reactions are seen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Pierce
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Ruth D Ellis
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States.
| | - Laura B Martin
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Elissa Malkin
- PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eveline Tierney
- PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Gregory E D Mullen
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Kelly Rausch
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Daming Zhu
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Carole A Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Louis H Miller
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch (MVDB), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Briones AM, Daugherty BJ, Angenent LT, Rausch K, Tumbleson M, Raskin L. Characterization of microbial trophic structures of two anaerobic bioreactors processing sulfate-rich waste streams. Water Res 2009; 43:4451-4460. [PMID: 19643455 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A multi-compartment anaerobic bioreactor, designated the anaerobic migrating blanket reactor (AMBR), did not perform well in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal after an increase in sulfate load, compared to a conventional upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The trophic structures of the bioreactors were characterized by analyzing the electron flows, formation and consumption of fermentation intermediates and terminal product (methane and hydrogen sulfide) formation. Critical performance parameters were linked to operational perturbations such as increase in sulfate load and changes in flow reversal schemes in the AMBR. Both of these manipulations affected the microbial communities, which were monitored by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis targeting the bacterial and archaeal domains. The less stable AMBR did not produce granular biomass, and in response to increased sulfate concentrations, experienced a reversal in the distribution of hydrogenotrophic methanogens that correlated with a shift in electron flow from butyrate to propionate. As this shift occurred, bacterial populations such as butyrate-producing clostridia, became predominant, thus leading to reactor imbalance. The stable UASB reactor developed and retained granules and maintained a relatively stable archaeal community. Sulfate perturbation led to the selection of a novel bacterial group (Thermotogaceae), which was most likely well adapted to the increasingly sulfidogenic conditions in the bioreactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Briones
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mullen GED, Ellis RD, Miura K, Malkin E, Nolan C, Hay M, Fay MP, Saul A, Zhu D, Rausch K, Moretz S, Zhou H, Long CA, Miller LH, Treanor J. Phase 1 trial of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel plus CPG 7909: an asexual blood-stage vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2940. [PMID: 18698359 PMCID: PMC2491586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apical Membrane Antigen 1 (AMA1), a polymorphic merozoite surface protein, is a leading blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate. This is the first reported use in humans of an investigational vaccine, AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel, with the novel adjuvant CPG 7909. Methods A phase 1 trial was conducted at the University of Rochester with 75 malaria-naive volunteers to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel+CPG 7909 malaria vaccine. Participants were sequentially enrolled and randomized within dose escalating cohorts to receive three vaccinations on days 0, 28 and 56 of either 20 µg of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel®+564 µg CPG 7909 (n = 15), 80 µg of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel® (n = 30), or 80 µg of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel+564 µg CPG 7909 (n = 30). Results Local and systemic adverse events were significantly more likely to be of higher severity with the addition of CPG 7909. Anti-AMA1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the immune sera of volunteers that received 20 µg or 80 µg of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel+CPG 7909 had up to 14 fold significant increases in anti-AMA1 antibody concentration compared to 80 µg of AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel alone. The addition of CPG 7909 to the AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel vaccine in humans also elicited AMA1 specific immune IgG that significantly and dramatically increased the in vitro growth inhibition of homologous parasites to levels as high as 96% inhibition. Conclusion/Significance The safety profile of the AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel+CPG 7909 malaria vaccine is acceptable, given the significant increase in immunogenicity observed. Further clinical development is ongoing. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00344539
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory E. D. Mullen
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GEDM); (RDE)
| | - Ruth D. Ellis
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GEDM); (RDE)
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elissa Malkin
- PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Caroline Nolan
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Mhorag Hay
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Allan Saul
- Novartis Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.r.l. (NVGH), Siena, Italy
| | - Daming Zhu
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Rausch
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Samuel Moretz
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carole A. Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Louis H. Miller
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John Treanor
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu Y, Ellis RD, Shaffer D, Fontes E, Malkin EM, Mahanty S, Fay MP, Narum D, Rausch K, Miles AP, Aebig J, Orcutt A, Muratova O, Song G, Lambert L, Zhu D, Miura K, Long C, Saul A, Miller LH, Durbin AP. Phase 1 trial of malaria transmission blocking vaccine candidates Pfs25 and Pvs25 formulated with montanide ISA 51. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2636. [PMID: 18612426 PMCID: PMC2440546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pfs25 and Pvs25, surface proteins of mosquito stage of the malaria parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively, are leading candidates for vaccines preventing malaria transmission by mosquitoes. This single blinded, dose escalating, controlled Phase 1 study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant Pfs25 and Pvs25 formulated with Montanide ISA 51, a water-in-oil emulsion. Methodology/Principal Findings The trial was conducted at The Johns Hopkins Center for Immunization Research, Washington DC, USA, between May 16, 2005–April 30, 2007. The trial was designed to enroll 72 healthy male and non-pregnant female volunteers into 1 group to receive adjuvant control and 6 groups to receive escalating doses of the vaccines. Due to unexpected reactogenicity, the vaccination was halted and only 36 volunteers were enrolled into 4 groups: 3 groups of 10 volunteers each were immunized with 5 µg of Pfs25/ISA 51, 5 µg of Pvs25/ISA 51, or 20 µg of Pvs25/ISA 51, respectively. A fourth group of 6 volunteers received adjuvant control (PBS/ISA 51). Frequent local reactogenicity was observed. Systemic adverse events included two cases of erythema nodosum considered to be probably related to the combination of the antigen and the adjuvant. Significant antibody responses were detected in volunteers who completed the lowest scheduled doses of Pfs25/ISA 51. Serum anti-Pfs25 levels correlated with transmission blocking activity. Conclusion/Significance It is feasible to induce transmission blocking immunity in humans using the Pfs25/ISA 51 vaccine, but these vaccines are unexpectedly reactogenic for further development. This is the first report that the formulation is associated with systemic adverse events including erythema nodosum. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00295581
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Animals
- Antigens, Protozoan/chemistry
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- Antigens, Surface/chemistry
- Antigens, Surface/immunology
- Disease Transmission, Infectious
- Female
- Humans
- Malaria Vaccines/adverse effects
- Malaria Vaccines/chemistry
- Malaria Vaccines/immunology
- Malaria, Falciparum/prevention & control
- Malaria, Falciparum/transmission
- Malaria, Vivax/prevention & control
- Malaria, Vivax/transmission
- Male
- Mannitol/administration & dosage
- Mannitol/analogs & derivatives
- Mannitol/chemistry
- Middle Aged
- Oleic Acids/administration & dosage
- Oleic Acids/chemistry
- Plasmodium falciparum/immunology
- Plasmodium vivax/immunology
- Protozoan Proteins/adverse effects
- Protozoan Proteins/chemistry
- Protozoan Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/chemistry
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wu
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YW); (AD)
| | - Ruth D. Ellis
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Donna Shaffer
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Erica Fontes
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elissa M. Malkin
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Siddhartha Mahanty
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Narum
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Rausch
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Aaron P. Miles
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joan Aebig
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andrew Orcutt
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Olga Muratova
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Guanhong Song
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynn Lambert
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daming Zhu
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kazutoyo Miura
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carole Long
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Allan Saul
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Louis H. Miller
- Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna P. Durbin
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YW); (AD)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mullen GED, Aebig JA, Dobrescu G, Rausch K, Lambert L, Long CA, Miles AP, Saul A. Enhanced antibody production in mice to the malaria antigen AMA1 by CPG 7909 requires physical association of CpG and antigen. Vaccine 2007; 25:5343-7. [PMID: 17566616 PMCID: PMC1997297 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides are potent immunostimulants. In this study, CPG 7909 was formulated with the recombinant Plasmodium falciparum protein AMA1-C1 adsorbed to Alhydrogel (aluminum hydroxide) and used to immunize mice. Mice receiving free CPG 7909 in a separate same site injection to the AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel had the same antibody responses as mice receiving AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel alone. For mice immunized with CPG 7909 bound to the AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel formulation, there was a bell shaped CPG 7909 dose-response curve with the highest antibody response co-incident with the concentration of CPG 7909 that saturated binding to the Alhydrogel. At a higher CPG 7909 dose where 74% was unbound, there was no enhancement of response over AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel alone. Our results suggest that the adjuvant effects of CpGs are optimal when adsorbed to Alhydrogel and highlight the need for careful characterization of the vaccine formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan A. Aebig
- *Corresponding author. Phone: 301-435-2936. Fax: 301-480-1962. E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Geidel C, Röhrig R, Auringer M, Rausch K, Michel-Backofen A, Kreckel H, Kreuder J. Implementierung eines Order-Entry-Verfahrens für die individuelle Arzneimittelherstellung in der Pädiatrie in ein Patienten Daten Management System. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Abstract
The MutS protein initiates DNA mismatch repair by recognizing mispaired and unpaired bases embedded in duplex DNA and activating endo- and exonucleases to remove the mismatch. Members of the MutS family also possess a conserved ATPase activity that belongs to the ATP binding cassette (ABC) superfamily. Here we report the crystal structure of a ternary complex of MutS-DNA-ADP and assays of initiation of mismatch repair in conjunction with perturbation of the composite ATPase active site by mutagenesis. These studies indicate that MutS has to bind both ATP and the mismatch DNA simultaneously in order to activate the other mismatch repair proteins. We propose that the MutS ATPase activity plays a proofreading role in DNA mismatch repair, verification of mismatch recognition, and authorization of repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Junop
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rausch K, Hermer M, Brehm H, Edwabny V, Lang N. [A new long-acting Partusisten preparation for oral tocolysis--results of a multicenter study]. Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol 1984; 188:185-190. [PMID: 6385511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The new 14 mg Partusisten Depot Perlonget from Boehringer Ingelheim was tested in a multi-centre study for its uterine relaxant effect and duration of action, tolerance and the main side-effects over a period of 72 hours under the usual clinical conditions in 64 female patients with premature labour in the 29-36th week of pregnancy. The uterine activity which had increased owing to the premature labour and which was clearly reduced with i.v. infusion of Partusisten was still inhibited on the following 3 days under treatment with Partusisten Depot Perlongets. There was no increase in the rate or intensity of labour at the end of the 8-hour interval between doses of the Perlongets. The uterine relaxant effect and tolerance were good in 69% to 84% of cases. Side-effects were limited to restlessness, tremor and cardiovascular complaints which subsided clearly in the course of treatment. The average heart rate of the patients which was elevated at the start of treatment tended to normal range during treatment with Partusisten Depot Perlongets. The foetal heart rate remained normal. Thus the effect of Partusisten Depot Perlongets with 14 mg lasted for 8 hours, they are highly effective and particularly well tolerated.
Collapse
|