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Marshall J, Huynh K, Lancaster G, Ng J, Collins J, Pernes G, Liang A, Featherby T, Mellet N, Drew B, Calkin A, King A, Meikle P, Febbraio M, Adlard P, Henstridge D. Behavioral, metabolic, and lipidomic characterization of the 5xFADxTg30 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. iScience 2024; 27:108800. [PMID: 38292430 PMCID: PMC10826307 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with both extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). We characterized the behavioral, metabolic and lipidomic phenotype of the 5xFADxTg30 mouse model which contains overexpression of both Aβ and tau. Our results independently reproduce several phenotypic traits described previously for this model, while providing additional characterization. This model develops many aspects associated with AD including frailty, decreased survival, initiation of aspects of cognitive decline and alterations to specific lipid classes and molecular lipid species in the plasma and brain. Notably, some sex-specific differences exist in this model and motor impairment with aging in this model does compromise the utility of the model for some movement-based behavioral assessments of cognitive function. These findings provide a reference for individuals interested in using this model to understand the pathology associated with elevated Aβ and tau or for testing potential therapeutics for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.P.S. Marshall
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K. Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - G.I. Lancaster
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J. Ng
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - J.M. Collins
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - G. Pernes
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A. Liang
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - T. Featherby
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - N.A. Mellet
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B.G. Drew
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A.C. Calkin
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A.E. King
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - P.J. Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - M.A. Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P.A. Adlard
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D.C. Henstridge
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
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Li R, Hussain K, Liao ME, Huynh K, Hoque MSB, Wyant S, Koh YR, Xu Z, Wang Y, Luccioni DP, Cheng Z, Shi J, Lee E, Graham S, Henry A, Hopkins PE, Goorsky MS, Khan MA, Luo T. Enhanced Thermal Boundary Conductance across GaN/SiC Interfaces with AlN Transition Layers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:8109-8118. [PMID: 38315970 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Heat dissipation plays a crucial role in the performance and reliability of high-power GaN-based electronics. While AlN transition layers are commonly employed in the heteroepitaxial growth of GaN-on-SiC substrates, concerns have been raised about their impact on thermal transport across GaN/SiC interfaces. In this study, we present experimental measurements of the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) across GaN/SiC interfaces with varying thicknesses of the AlN transition layer (ranging from 0 to 73 nm) at different temperatures. Our findings reveal that the addition of an AlN transition layer leads to a notable increase in the TBC of the GaN/SiC interface, particularly at elevated temperatures. Structural characterization techniques are employed to understand the influence of the AlN transition layer on the crystalline quality of the GaN layer and its potential effects on interfacial thermal transport. To gain further insights into the trend of TBC, we conduct molecular dynamics simulations using high-fidelity deep learning-based interatomic potentials, which reproduce the experimentally observed enhancement in TBC even for atomically perfect interfaces. These results suggest that the enhanced TBC facilitated by the AlN intermediate layer could result from a combination of improved crystalline quality at the interface and the "phonon bridge" effect provided by AlN that enhances the overlap between the vibrational spectra of GaN and SiC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Li
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Kamal Hussain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Michael E Liao
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Md Shafkat Bin Hoque
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Spencer Wyant
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yee Rui Koh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yekan Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dorian P Luccioni
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zhe Cheng
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jingjing Shi
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Eungkyu Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Samuel Graham
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Asegun Henry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Patrick E Hopkins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - M Asif Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Tengfei Luo
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Center for Sustainable Energy of Notre Dame (ND Energy), University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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3
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Chung S, Huynh K, Chen Y, Yap P, Goralski J, Donaldson S, Lee Y. 453 Ventilation defect percentage comparison between spiral with post-acquisition denoising and cartesian acquisition for 19F lung magnetic resonance imaging. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Scheinberg T, Fitzpatrick M, Lin HM, Azad A, Bonnitcha P, Davies A, Heller G, Huynh K, Mak B, Mahon K, Meikle P, Sullivan D, Horvath L. 1409P Development of a clinically accessible, circulating prognostic lipid biomarker panel in men with mCRPC to guide potential metabolic intervention. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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5
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Ahmed K, Breuer J, Huynh K, Abi-Jaoudeh N. Abstract No. 277 Racial disparity in acute pulmonary embolism treatment. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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6
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Fernando H, Duong T, Huynh K, Noonan J, Shaw J, Duffy S, Nehme Z, Smith K, Myles P, Meikle P, Peter K, Stub D. Lignocaine versus opioids in coronary intervention: assessing antiplatelet activity and ticagrelor levels (LOCAL) study. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Opioid analgesia impairs the bioavailability and antiplatelet effect of oral P2Y12 inhibitors prompting investigation of mitigation strategies including identifying alternative analgesic agents.
Purpose
To assess the impact of intravenous fentanyl and lignocaine on the bioavailability and antiplatelet effect of ticagrelor in patients with unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, as well as their procedural analgesic efficacy and safety.
Methods
The LOCAL trial was a prospective, single centre, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial where intravenous lignocaine was the experimental analgesic agent assessed in this trial compared to intravenous fentanyl as procedural analgesia during coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients with an indication for dual antiplatelet therapy and no contraindication were given 180mg of ticagrelor orally as integral tablets with 250 mL of tap water at the end of the case. Blood was sampled at time 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours post administration of ticagrelor for pharmacokinetic and comprehensive pharmacodynamic analysis.
Results
Seventy patients undergoing coronary angiography with an indication for ticagrelor loading were included in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis. Plasma ticagrelor levels at 2 h post loading dose were significantly lower in the fentanyl compared to lignocaine treatment arm (476 vs. 792 ng/mL, p=0.02, see figure 1). The area under the plasma-time curves for ticagrelor (987 vs. 2189 ng.h/mL, p=0.001) and its active metabolite (173 vs. 394 ng.h/mL, p<0.001) were both significantly lower in the fentanyl arm. Platelet reactivity assessed by the VerifyNow assay was higher at all time points after baseline in the fentanyl compared to lignocaine arm. The VASP flow cytometry assay demonstrated higher platelet reactivity at 2 hours in the fentanyl group (40% vs. 22% platelet reactivity index, p=0.001). The Multiplate Analyzer demonstrated higher platelet reactivity in the fentanyl arm at 60 minutes (43 vs. 26 area under the curve units, p=0.001) as did expression of activated platelet GpIIb/IIIa receptor (2829 vs. 1426 geometric mean fluorescence intensity (GMFI), p=0.006) and P-selectin (439 vs. 211 GMFI, p=0.001). High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) was significantly higher in the fentanyl arm at 60 min using the MPA (41% vs. 9%, p=0.002) and 120 min using the VFN (30% vs. 3%, p=0.003) and VASP (37% vs. 6%, p=0.002) assays (see figure 2). Both drugs were well tolerated with a high level of patient satisfaction (fentanyl 94% vs. lignocaine 97%, p=0.56).
Conclusion(s)
Unlike fentanyl, lignocaine does not impair the bioavailability or delay the antiplatelet effect of ticagrelor. Both drugs were well tolerated and effective with a high level of patient satisfaction for procedural analgesia. Systemic pain medication during PCI should be reconsidered and if performed, lignocaine is a beneficial alternative to fentanyl.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): TBA Figure 1. Ticagrelor and AM pharmacokineticsFigure 2. Ticagrelor pharmacodynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fernando
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Duong
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Noonan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Shaw
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Duffy
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Z Nehme
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Smith
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Myles
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Peter
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Stub
- The Alfred Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
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7
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Hoque MSB, Koh YR, Braun JL, Mamun A, Liu Z, Huynh K, Liao ME, Hussain K, Cheng Z, Hoglund ER, Olson DH, Tomko JA, Aryana K, Galib R, Gaskins JT, Elahi MMM, Leseman ZC, Howe JM, Luo T, Graham S, Goorsky MS, Khan A, Hopkins PE. High In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Aluminum Nitride Thin Films. ACS Nano 2021; 15:9588-9599. [PMID: 33908771 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High thermal conductivity materials show promise for thermal mitigation and heat removal in devices. However, shrinking the length scales of these materials often leads to significant reductions in thermal conductivities, thus invalidating their applicability to functional devices. In this work, we report on high in-plane thermal conductivities of 3.05, 3.75, and 6 μm thick aluminum nitride (AlN) films measured via steady-state thermoreflectance. At room temperature, the AlN films possess an in-plane thermal conductivity of ∼260 ± 40 W m-1 K-1, one of the highest reported to date for any thin film material of equivalent thickness. At low temperatures, the in-plane thermal conductivities of the AlN films surpass even those of diamond thin films. Phonon-phonon scattering drives the in-plane thermal transport of these AlN thin films, leading to an increase in thermal conductivity as temperature decreases. This is opposite of what is observed in traditional high thermal conductivity thin films, where boundaries and defects that arise from film growth cause a thermal conductivity reduction with decreasing temperature. This study provides insight into the interplay among boundary, defect, and phonon-phonon scattering that drives the high in-plane thermal conductivity of the AlN thin films and demonstrates that these AlN films are promising materials for heat spreaders in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafkat Bin Hoque
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Yee Rui Koh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Braun
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Abdullah Mamun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael E Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kamal Hussain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Zhe Cheng
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Eric R Hoglund
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - David H Olson
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - John A Tomko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Kiumars Aryana
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Roisul Galib
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - John T Gaskins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mirza Mohammad Mahbube Elahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Zayd C Leseman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Eastern Province 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - James M Howe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Tengfei Luo
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Samuel Graham
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Asif Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Patrick E Hopkins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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8
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Tan S, Huang T, Yavuz I, Wang R, Weber MH, Zhao Y, Abdelsamie M, Liao ME, Wang HC, Huynh K, Wei KH, Xue J, Babbe F, Goorsky MS, Lee JW, Sutter-Fella CM, Yang Y. Surface Reconstruction of Halide Perovskites During Post-treatment. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6781-6786. [PMID: 33915050 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Postfabrication surface treatment strategies have been instrumental to the stability and performance improvements of halide perovskite photovoltaics in recent years. However, a consensus understanding of the complex reconstruction processes occurring at the surface is still lacking. Here, we combined complementary surface-sensitive and depth-resolved techniques to investigate the mechanistic reconstruction of the perovskite surface at the microscale level. We observed a reconstruction toward a more PbI2-rich top surface induced by the commonly used solvent isopropyl alcohol (IPA). We discuss several implications of this reconstruction on the surface thermodynamics and energetics. Particularly, our observations suggest that IPA assists in the adsorption process of organic ammonium salts to the surface to enhance their defect passivation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ilhan Yavuz
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, 34722, Ziverbey, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Marc H Weber
- Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Yepin Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Maged Abdelsamie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael E Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hao-Cheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jingjing Xue
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Finn Babbe
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jin-Wook Lee
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) and Department of Nanoengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Carolin M Sutter-Fella
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Huynh K, Kempegowda P, Tamblyn J, O' Reilly MW, Mueller JW, Hewison M, Jenkinson C. Development of a LC-MS/MS method to measure serum 3-sulfate and 3-glucuronide 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 metabolites; comparisons to unconjugated 25OHD in pregnancy and polycystic ovary syndrome. Steroids 2021; 169:108812. [PMID: 33636208 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D status is routinely assessed by measuring circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD2 or 25OHD3). However as deconjugation is not routinely incorporated into sample treatment prior to analysis, conjugated forms of 25OHD (particularly the more abundant 25OHD3) are often not considered in determining serum concentrations of total 25OHD. Two major circulating conjugated forms of 25OHD3 are 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-3-sulfate (25OHD3-S) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-3-glucuronide (25OHD3-G). Incorporating these two conjugated metabolites into the measurement of vitamin D status could improve our understanding of vitamin D status in health, particularly if there are changes in sulfation and glucuronidation activities. The aim of this study was to develop a liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) targeted method for measurement of 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G in serum to enable comparisons with circulating levels of the free 25OHD3 form. We developed and validated a new LC-MS/MS method that measured both 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G following a solid phase extraction sample preparation method. Partial separation of analytes by LC, and the separation of analytes by the optimized multiple reaction monitoring transitions enabled the quantitation of both 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G in the single method. Serum concentrations of 25OHD3-S (24.7 ± 11.8 ng/mL) and 25OHD3-G (2.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL) were shown to be a significant proportion of circulating vitamin D metabolites in healthy donor serums. These levels of 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G closely associated with 25OHD3 concentrations, r = 0.728, p = 0.001 and r = 0.632, p = 0.006 respectively. However in serum from pregnant women and non-pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) significant differences in the ratios between conjugated and free 25OHD3 were observed between pregnancy groups (25OHD3/25OHD3-S and 25OHD3/25OHD3-G p < 0.001), and between healthy and PCOS subjects (25OHD3/25OHD3-G p < 0.050). Development of this novel high-throughput LC-MS/MS method indicates that 25OHD3-S and 25OHD3-G are substantial components of circulating vitamin D metabolites. The concentrations of these metabolites relative to conventional 25OHD3 may vary in different physiological and pathophysiological settings, and may therefore play an unrecognized but important role in the actions of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huynh
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Kempegowda
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Tamblyn
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M W O' Reilly
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J W Mueller
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Jenkinson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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10
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Cheng H, Munro D, Huynh K, Pamenter ME. Naked mole-rat skeletal muscle mitochondria exhibit minimal functional plasticity in acute or chronic hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 255:110596. [PMID: 33757832 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation is compromised in hypoxia, but many organisms live and exercise in low oxygen environments. Hypoxia-driven adaptations at the mitochondrial level are common and may enhance energetic efficiency or minimize deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Mitochondria from various hypoxia-tolerant animals exhibit robust functional changes following in vivo hypoxia and we hypothesized that similar plasticity would occur in naked mole-rat skeletal muscle. To test this, we exposed adult subordinate naked mole-rats to normoxia (21% O2) or acute (4 h, 7% O2) or chronic hypoxia (4-6 weeks, 11% O2) and then isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria. Using high-resolution respirometry and a fluorescent indicator of ROS production, we then probed for changes in: i) lipid- (palmitoylcarnitine-malate), ii) carbohydrate- (pyruvate-malate), and iii) succinate-fueled metabolism, and also iv) complex IV electron transfer capacity, and v) H2O2 production. Compared to normoxic values, a) lipid-fueled uncoupled respiration was reduced ~15% during acute and chronic hypoxia, b) complex I-II capacity and the rate of ROS efflux were both unaffected, and c) complex II and IV uncoupled respiration were supressed ~16% following acute hypoxia. Notably, complex II-linked H2O2 efflux was 33% lower after acute hypoxia, which may reduce deleterious ROS bursts during reoxygenation. These mild changes in lipid- and carbohydrate-fueled respiratory capacity may reflect the need for this animal to exercise regularly in highly variable and intermittently hypoxic environments in which more robust plasticity may be energetically expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Munro
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew E Pamenter
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Magaye R, Savira F, Xiong X, Donner D, Kiriazis H, Brown A, Huang L, Mellet N, Huynh K, Meikle P, Reid C, Flynn B, Kaye D, Liew D, Wang B. Des-1 Inhibition Attenuated Cardiac Remodelling in a Mouse Model of Ischaemia Reperfusion. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Fernando H, Duong T, Huynh K, Noonan J, Shaw J, Duffy S, Nehme Z, Smith K, Myles P, Meikle P, Peter K, Stub D. Lignocaine Versus Opioids in Coronary Intervention: Assessing Antiplatelet Activity and Ticagrelor Levels (LOCAL) Study. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Lee JW, Tan S, Han TH, Wang R, Zhang L, Park C, Yoon M, Choi C, Xu M, Liao ME, Lee SJ, Nuryyeva S, Zhu C, Huynh K, Goorsky MS, Huang Y, Pan X, Yang Y. Author Correction: Solid-phase hetero epitaxial growth of α-phase formamidinium perovskite. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5880. [PMID: 33184274 PMCID: PMC7661531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Nanoengineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shaun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tae-Hee Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Mina Yoon
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Chungseok Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Michael E Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Selbi Nuryyeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Lee JW, Tan S, Han TH, Wang R, Zhang L, Park C, Yoon M, Choi C, Xu M, Liao ME, Lee SJ, Nuryyeva S, Zhu C, Huynh K, Goorsky MS, Huang Y, Pan X, Yang Y. Solid-phase hetero epitaxial growth of α-phase formamidinium perovskite. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5514. [PMID: 33139740 PMCID: PMC7608657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional epitaxy of semiconductor films requires a compatible single crystalline substrate and precisely controlled growth conditions, which limit the price competitiveness and versatility of the process. We demonstrate substrate-tolerant nano-heteroepitaxy (NHE) of high-quality formamidinium-lead-tri-iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite films. The layered perovskite templates the solid-state phase conversion of FAPbI3 from its hexagonal non-perovskite phase to the cubic perovskite polymorph, where the growth kinetics are controlled by a synergistic effect between strain and entropy. The slow heteroepitaxial crystal growth enlarged the perovskite crystals by 10-fold with a reduced defect density and strong preferred orientation. This NHE is readily applicable to various substrates used for devices. The proof-of-concept solar cell and light-emitting diode devices based on the NHE-FAPbI3 showed efficiencies and stabilities superior to those of devices fabricated without NHE. Though literature reports metal halide perovskite epitaxial growth on various substrates, controlling film growth for device applications remains a challenge. Here, the authors report kinetic-controlled growth of halide perovskite thin films on various substrates via layered perovskite templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Nanoengineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shaun Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tae-Hee Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Mina Yoon
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Chungseok Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Michael E Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Selbi Nuryyeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Cheng Z, Mu F, You T, Xu W, Shi J, Liao ME, Wang Y, Huynh K, Suga T, Goorsky MS, Ou X, Graham S. Thermal Transport across Ion-Cut Monocrystalline β-Ga 2O 3 Thin Films and Bonded β-Ga 2O 3-SiC Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:44943-44951. [PMID: 32909730 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ultrawide band gap, high breakdown electric field, and large-area affordable substrates make β-Ga2O3 promising for applications of next-generation power electronics, while its thermal conductivity is at least 1 order of magnitude lower than other wide/ultrawide band gap semiconductors. To avoid the degradation of device performance and reliability induced by the localized Joule-heating, proper thermal management strategies are essential, especially for high-power high-frequency applications. This work reports a scalable thermal management strategy to heterogeneously integrate wafer-scale monocrystalline β-Ga2O3 thin films on high thermal conductivity SiC substrates by the ion-cutting technique and room-temperature surface-activated bonding technique. The thermal boundary conductance (TBC) of the β-Ga2O3-SiC interfaces and thermal conductivity of the β-Ga2O3 thin films were measured by time-domain thermoreflectance to evaluate the effects of interlayer thickness and thermal annealing. Materials characterizations were performed to understand the mechanisms of thermal transport in these structures. The results show that the β-Ga2O3-SiC TBC values are reasonably high and increase with decreasing interlayer thickness. The β-Ga2O3 thermal conductivity increases more than twice after annealing at 800 °C because of the removal of implantation-induced strain in the films. A Callaway model is built to understand the measured thermal conductivity. Small spot-to-spot variations of both TBC and Ga2O3 thermal conductivity confirm the uniformity and high quality of the bonding and exfoliation. Our work paves the way for thermal management of power electronics and provides a platform for β-Ga2O3-related semiconductor devices with excellent thermal dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Fengwen Mu
- Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
- Collaborative Research Center, Meisei University, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
| | - Tiangui You
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Michael E Liao
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yekan Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kenny Huynh
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tadatomo Suga
- Collaborative Research Center, Meisei University, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Samuel Graham
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Galiabovitch E, Huynh K, McCahy P. Ambulatory extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in Australia. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Pradas I, Jové M, Huynh K, Puig J, Ingles M, Borras C, Viña J, Meikle PJ, Pamplona R. Exceptional human longevity is associated with a specific plasma phenotype of ether lipids. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101127. [PMID: 30711699 PMCID: PMC6357979 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A lipid profile resistant to oxidative damage is an inherent trait associated with animal lifespan. However, there is a lack of lipidomic studies on human longevity. Here we use mass spectrometry based technologies to detect and quantify 137 ether lipids to define a phenotype of healthy humans with exceptional lifespan. Ether lipids were chosen because of their antioxidant properties and ability to modulate oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that a specific ether lipid signature can be obtained to define the centenarian state. This profile comprises higher level of alkyl forms derived from phosphatidylcholine with shorter number of carbon atoms and double bonds; and decreased content in alkenyl forms from phosphatidylethanolamine with longer chain length and higher double bonds. This compositional pattern suggests that ether lipids from centenarians are more resistant to lipid peroxidation, and that ether lipid signature expresses an optimized feature associated with exceptional human longevity. These results are in keeping with the free radical theory of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida 25198, Spain.
| | - M Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida 25198, Spain.
| | - K Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - J Puig
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain.
| | - M Ingles
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46004, Spain.
| | - C Borras
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46004, Spain.
| | - J Viña
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46004, Spain.
| | - P J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - R Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida 25198, Spain.
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Charbek E, Huynh K, Kim E, Nayak RP. Assessment of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using the Rapid Cognitive Screen. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:102-104. [PMID: 30569077 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using the Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS). DESIGN Cross sectional study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 106 men and women with COPD 50 years of age or older. SETTING Pulmonary ambulatory clinic in a tertiary academic center in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. MEASUREMENTS We enrolled patients with COPD who completed the RCS tool. Patients were classified as having normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia if they scored ≥ 8, 6-7, or ≤ 5, respectively. The prevalence of each category was measured, and patients' baseline characteristics were compared. RESULTS One hundred and six patients completed the RCS. Of those, 36 (33.9%) patients scored ≤ 5 on the RCS, 33 (31.1%) scored 6 or 7, and 37 (34.9%) scored ≥ 8. The prevalence of dementia, MCI, and normal cognition were 33.9%, 31.1%, and 34.9%, respectively. Baseline lung function was not different between patients with normal cognition and those with abnormal cognition (FEV1 1.53 ± 0.39 vs 1.45 ± 0.32 L). In patients with abnormal cognition, there was no difference in patients' characteristics between patients with MCI or dementia. CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in patients with COPD. RCS successfully identified cognitive impairment in COPD. We recommend performing RCS in patients with COPD routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Charbek
- Edward Charbek, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA, Email Address:
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Meikle P, Jayawardana KS, Mundra PA, Nestel PJ, Barnes EH, Kirby A, Thompson P, Sullivan DR, Alshehry ZH, Huynh K, Giles C, Marschner IC, Kingwell BA, Simes J, Tonkin AM. P1875Changes in plasma lipid species following pravastatin treatment predict cardiovascular outcomes and represent a measure of the relative risk reduction in secondary prevention. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Meikle
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K S Jayawardana
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P A Mundra
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P J Nestel
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - A Kirby
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - P Thompson
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | - K Huynh
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Giles
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - B A Kingwell
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Simes
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Tham Y, Bernardo B, Huynh K, Ooi J, Gao X, Kiriazis H, Meikle P, McMullen J. Lipidomic Profiles of the Heart and Circulation in Response to Exercise Versus Cardiac Pathology. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Knowles EEM, Huynh K, Meikle PJ, Göring HHH, Olvera RL, Mathias SR, Duggirala R, Almasy L, Blangero J, Curran JE, Glahn DC. The lipidome in major depressive disorder: Shared genetic influence for ether-phosphatidylcholines, a plasma-based phenotype related to inflammation, and disease risk. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 43:44-50. [PMID: 28365467 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lipidome is rapidly garnering interest in the field of psychiatry. Recent studies have implicated lipidomic changes across numerous psychiatric disorders. In particular, there is growing evidence that the concentrations of several classes of lipids are altered in those diagnosed with MDD. However, for lipidomic abnormalities to be considered potential treatment targets for MDD (rather than secondary manifestations of the disease), a shared etiology between lipid concentrations and MDD should be demonstrated. METHODS In a sample of 567 individuals from 37 extended pedigrees (average size 13.57 people, range=3-80), we used mass spectrometry lipidomic measures to evaluate the genetic overlap between twenty-three biologically distinct lipid classes and a dimensional scale of MDD. RESULTS We found that the lipid class with the largest endophenotype ranking value (ERV, a standardized parametric measure of pleiotropy) were ether-phosphodatidylcholines (alkylphosphatidylcholine, PC(O) and alkenylphosphatidylcholine, PC(P) subclasses). Furthermore, we examined the cluster structure of the twenty-five species within the top-ranked lipid class, and the relationship of those clusters with MDD. This analysis revealed that species containing arachidonic acid generally exhibited the greatest degree of genetic overlap with MDD. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate a shared genetic etiology between MDD and ether-phosphatidylcholine species containing arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid that is a precursor to inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins. The study highlights the potential utility of the well-characterized linoleic/arachidonic acid inflammation pathway as a diagnostic marker and/or treatment target for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E M Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - K Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H H H Göring
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - R L Olvera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Duggirala
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - L Almasy
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - J Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - J E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
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Mundra P, Barlow C, Mellett N, Huynh K, Alshehry Z, Wong G, Kingwell B, Nestel P, Thompson P, Sullivan D, Barnes E, Simes J, Tonkin A, Meikle P. Plasma lipidomic profiles improve upon conventional risk factors to predict cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rasmiena A, Stefanovic N, Huynh K, Tan R, Barlow C, Tull D, deHaan J, Meikle P. Attenuation of atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPX1-deficient mice by plasmalogen enrichment. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Khan A, Nestel P, Straznicky N, Mundra P, Huynh K, Mellett N, Wong G, Weir J, Barlow C, NG T, Kingwell B, Meikle P. Effect of weight loss and exercise on the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) lipidome in individuals with metabolic syndrome (METS). Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tham Y, Ooi J, Mellett N, Gao X, Huynh K, Meikle P, McMullen J. Differential cardiac expression of individual lipids in the plasmalogen biosynthetic pathway in response to pressure overload in mice. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ritchie RH, Love JE, Huynh K, Bernardo BC, Henstridge DC, Kiriazis H, Tham YK, Sapra G, Qin C, Cemerlang N, Boey EJH, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Du XJ, McMullen JR. Enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110α) activity prevents diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and superoxide generation in a mouse model of diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:3369-81. [PMID: 23001375 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterised by diastolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, fibrosis, apoptosis and pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)(p110α) is a cardioprotective kinase, but its role in the diabetic heart is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess whether PI3K(p110α) plays a critical role in the induction of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and whether increasing PI3K(p110α) activity in the heart can prevent the development of cardiac dysfunction in a setting of diabetes. METHODS Type 1 diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in adult male cardiac-specific transgenic mice with increased PI3K(p110α) activity (constitutively active PI3K [p110α], caPI3K] or decreased PI3K(p110α) activity (dominant-negative PI3K [p110α], dnPI3K) and non-transgenic (Ntg) mice for 12 weeks. Cardiac function, histological and molecular analyses were performed. RESULTS Diabetic Ntg mice displayed diastolic dysfunction and increased cardiomyocyte size, expression of atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides (Anp, Bnp), fibrosis and apoptosis, as well as increased superoxide generation and increased protein kinase C β2 (PKCβ2), p22 ( phox ) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) expression. Diabetic dnPI3K mice displayed an exaggerated cardiomyopathy phenotype compared with diabetic Ntg mice. In contrast, diabetic caPI3K mice were protected against diastolic dysfunction, pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis. Protection in diabetic caPI3K mice was associated with attenuation of left ventricular superoxide generation, attenuated Anp, Bnp, PKCβ2, Ask1 and p22 ( phox ) expression, and elevated AKT. Further, in cardiomyocyte-like cells, increased PI3K(p110α) activity suppressed high glucose-induced superoxide generation and enhanced mitochondrial function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results demonstrate that reduced PI3K activity accelerates the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and that enhanced PI3K(p110α) activity can prevent adverse cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in a setting of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Ritchie
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, St Kilda Rd Central, Melbourne, VIC 8008, Australia.
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Huynh K, Kiriazis H, Du XJ, Love JE, Jandeleit-Dahm KA, Forbes JM, McMullen JR, Ritchie RH. Coenzyme Q10 attenuates diastolic dysfunction, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1544-53. [PMID: 22374176 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS An increase in the production of reactive oxygen species is commonly thought to contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study aimed to assess whether administration of the antioxidant coenzyme Q(10) would protect the diabetic heart against dysfunction and remodelling, using the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we aimed to compare the efficacy of coenzyme Q(10) to that of the ACE inhibitor ramipril. METHODS Six-week-old non-diabetic db/+ mice and diabetic db/db mice received either normal drinking water or water supplemented with coenzyme Q(10) for 10 weeks. Endpoint cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and catheterisation. Ventricular tissue was collected for histology, gene expression and protein analysis. RESULTS Untreated db/db diabetic mice exhibited hyperglycaemia, accompanied by diastolic dysfunction and adverse structural remodelling, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and increased apoptosis. Systemic lipid peroxidation and myocardial superoxide generation were also elevated in db/db mice. Coenzyme Q(10) and ramipril treatment reduced superoxide generation, ameliorated diastolic dysfunction and reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis in db/db mice. Phosphorylation of Akt, although depressed in untreated db/db mice, was restored with coenzyme Q(10) administration. We postulate that preservation of cardioprotective Akt signalling may be a mechanism by which coenzyme Q(10)-treated db/db mice are protected from pathological cardiac hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data demonstrate that coenzyme Q(10) attenuates oxidative stress and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and remodelling in the diabetic heart. Addition of coenzyme Q(10) to the current therapy used in diabetic patients with diastolic dysfunction warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Huynh
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, PO Box 6492, St Kilda Road Central, Melbourne, Victoria 8008, Australia
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Assmann A, Akhyari P, Delfs C, Horstkötter K, Huynh K, Stoldt V, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A. In vivo proof of persisting biofunctionalization of biological implants by fibronectin coating in a small animal model of aortic valve implantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Wang G, Huynh K, Barhate R, Rodrigues W, Moore C, Coulter C, Vincent M, Soares J. Validation of a New Homogeneous Immunoassay for the Detection of Carisoprodol in Urine. J Anal Toxicol 2011; 35:108-12. [DOI: 10.1093/anatox/35.2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ritchie R, Khammy M, Bowden M, Irvine J, Andrews K, Huynh K, Kiriazis H, Kaye D, Venardos K. Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction is Rescued by Endothelial Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 1 (CAT-1) Overexpression in Mice. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ritchie R, Love J, Kiriazis H, Huynh K, Cemerlang N, Tan J, Julius T, Jennings N, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Du X, McMullen J. Cardiac-Specific Activation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase p110á (PI3Ká) Protects Against Diabetes-Induced Diastolic Dysfunction In Vivo: Role for ROS Suppression? Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huynh K, Kiriazis H, Du X, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Bowden M, Forbes J, McMullen J, Ritchie R. Coenzyme Q10 Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy, Myocardial Fibrosis and Diastolic Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Heart Lung Circ 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Garsden H, Basilakis J, Celler BG, Huynh K, Lovell NH. A home health monitoring system including intelligent reporting and alerts. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2004:3151-4. [PMID: 17270948 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1403889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design and implementation of an intelligent reporting and alerts system that has been designed with a specific goal to address the needs of managing chronic and complex disease through the use of home telecare technology. Our approach has been to develop these tools using as far as possible, open standards. Clinical measurement data gathered using home telecare and stored in a relational database in XML format is extracted and converted into a Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) as defined by the Health Level 7 (HL7) organization. Data trends are presented to the clinician as simple graphs and summary statistics (means, standard deviations) over time for an individual patient. Clinicians may receive this data by display through a Web-interface or by email or faxed reports. A Ripple Down Rules (RDR) knowledge base supports more complex decision-making provided in the Alerts module. The RDR output is incorporated into the output reports as a textual statement, and/or a graphical highlighting of key parameters in the trends images and tables. Rule development and validation is part of ongoing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Garsden
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Sakurai R, Wang Y, Santos J, Huynh K, Torday J, Rehan V. Reversal of Alveolar Interstitial Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation by Stimulants of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein-Mediated Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate–Dependent Protein Kinase a Signaling Pathway. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/108155890605401s72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Sakurai
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Y. Wang
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J. Santos
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - K. Huynh
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J.S. Torday
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - V.K. Rehan
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
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Sakurai R, Wang Y, Santos J, Huynh K, Torday JS, Rehan VK. 189 REVERSAL OF ALVEOLAR INTERSTITIAL FIBROBLAST TO MYOFIBROBLAST TRANSDIFFERENTIATION BY STIMULANTS OF PARATHYROID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN-MEDIATED CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE A SIGNALING PATHWAY. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lovell NH, Magrabi F, Celler BG, Huynh K, Garsden H. Web-based acquisition, storage, and retrieval of biomedical signals. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag 2001; 20:38-44. [PMID: 11446208 DOI: 10.1109/51.932723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N H Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney.
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Miyashiro I, Kuo C, Huynh K, Iida A, Morton D, Bilchik A, Giuliano A, Hoon DS. Molecular strategy for detecting metastatic cancers with use of multiple tumor-specific MAGE-A genes. Clin Chem 2001; 47:505-12. [PMID: 11238304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human melanoma-associated antigen family A (MAGE-A) has high specificity and expression in various malignancies, but individual family members are expressed at low frequency in any one particular type of cancer. We therefore developed a method to detect mRNAs from multiple MAGE-A genes in a single reaction. METHODS Universal MAGE-A (uMAGE-A) primers and probe were designed to reverse-transcribe, amplify, and detect by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) MAGE-A mRNAs on the Origen Analyzer. The assay was performed on total RNA of melanoma (n = 9 cell lines and 24 tumors), breast cancer (n = 7 and 26), and colorectal cancer (CRC; n = 5 and 12). We also evaluated blood from melanoma (n = 50), breast cancer (n = 16), and CRC (n = 21) patients. RESULTS The uMAGE-A mRNA was detectable in 0.01-1 ng of cell line RNA. The identity of the uMAGE-A cDNA products was confirmed by sequencing and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The uMAGE-A assay increased detection of melanoma, breast cancer, and CRC tumor by 13%, 31%, and 25%, respectively, compared with a MAGE-A1 assay, and by 17%, 19%, and 25%, respectively, compared with a MAGE-A3 assay. The uMAGE-A assay detected circulating tumor cells in the blood of melanoma (24%), breast cancer (25%), and CRC (29%) patients. CONCLUSIONS The uMAGE-A reverse transcription-PCR/ECL assay provides a practical and sensitive approach for detection of various metastatic cancers in tissues and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Miyashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Clinic, Division Gastrointestinal Surgery, and Joyce Eisenberg Keefer Breast Center, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cesani
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0793, USA
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