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Ben Hamza A, Welters C, Stadler S, Brüggemann M, Dietze K, Brauns O, Brümmendorf TH, Winkler T, Bullinger L, Blankenstein T, Rosenberger L, Leisegang M, Kammertöns T, Herr W, Moosmann A, Strobel J, Hackstein H, Dornmair K, Beier F, Hansmann L. Virus-reactive T cells expanded in aplastic anemia eliminate hematopoietic progenitor cells by molecular mimicry. Blood 2024; 143:1365-1378. [PMID: 38277625 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acquired aplastic anemia is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by hypocellular bone marrow and peripheral blood pancytopenia. Frequent clinical responses to calcineurin inhibition and antithymocyte globulin strongly suggest critical roles for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell-reactive T-cell clones in disease pathophysiology; however, their exact contribution and antigen specificities remain unclear. We determined differentiation states and targets of dominant T-cell clones along with their potential to eliminate hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow of 15 patients with acquired aplastic anemia. Single-cell sequencing and immunophenotyping revealed oligoclonal expansion and effector differentiation of CD8+ T-cell compartments. We reexpressed 28 dominant T-cell receptors (TCRs) of 9 patients in reporter cell lines to determine reactivity with (1) in vitro-expanded CD34+ bone marrow, (2) CD34- bone marrow, or (3) peptide pools covering immunodominant epitopes of highly prevalent viruses. Besides 5 cytomegalovirus-reactive TCRs, we identified 3 TCRs that recognized antigen presented on hematopoietic progenitor cells. T cells transduced with these TCRs eliminated hematopoietic progenitor cells of the respective patients in vitro. One progenitor cell-reactive TCR (11A5) also recognized an epitope of the Epstein-Barr virus-derived latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) presented on HLA-A∗02:01. We identified 2 LMP1-related mimotopes within the human proteome as activating targets of TCR 11A5, providing proof of concept that molecular mimicry of viral and self-epitopes can drive T cell-mediated elimination of hematopoietic progenitor cells in aplastic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ben Hamza
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlotta Welters
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Serena Stadler
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Brüggemann
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kerstin Dietze
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Brauns
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Rosenberger
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Leisegang
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- David and Etta Jonas Center for Cellular Therapy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas Kammertöns
- Institute of Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Moosmann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Strobel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fabian Beier
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Ishimoto T, Arakawa Y, Vural S, Stöhr J, Vollmer S, Galinski A, Siewert K, Rühl G, Poluektov Y, Delcommenne M, Horvath O, He M, Summer B, Pohl R, Alharbi R, Dornmair K, Arakawa A, Prinz JC. Multiple environmental antigens may trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis through T-cell receptor polyspecificity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374581. [PMID: 38524140 PMCID: PMC10958380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is a T-cell mediated autoimmune skin disease. HLA-C*06:02 is the main psoriasis-specific risk gene. Using a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T-cell receptor (TCR) from a lesional psoriatic CD8+ T-cell clone we had discovered that, as an underlying pathomechanism, HLA-C*06:02 mediates an autoimmune response against melanocytes in psoriasis, and we had identified an epitope from ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as a melanocyte autoantigen. The conditions activating the psoriatic autoimmune response in genetically predisposed individuals throughout life remain incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to identify environmental antigens that might trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis because of TCR polyspecificity. Methods We screened databases with the peptide recognition motif of the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR for environmental proteins containing peptides activating this TCR. We investigated the immunogenicity of these peptides for psoriasis patients and healthy controls by lymphocyte stimulation experiments and peptide-loaded HLA-C*06:02 tetramers. Results We identified peptides from wheat, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, microbiota, tobacco, and pathogens that activated both the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR and CD8+ T cells from psoriasis patients. Using fluorescent HLA-C*06:02 tetramers loaded with ADAMTSL5 or wheat peptides, we find that the same CD8+ T cells may recognize both autoantigen and environmental antigens. A wheat-free diet could alleviate psoriasis in several patients. Discussion Our results show that due to TCR polyspecificity, several environmental antigens corresponding to previously suspected psoriasis risk conditions converge in the reactivity of a pathogenic psoriatic TCR and might thus be able to stimulate the psoriatic autoimmune response against melanocytes. Avoiding the corresponding environmental risk factors could contribute to the management of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Ishimoto
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yukiyasu Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Secil Vural
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Stöhr
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Galinski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Orsolya Horvath
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mengwen He
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Pohl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rehab Alharbi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Prinz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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3
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Kendirli A, de la Rosa C, Lämmle KF, Eglseer K, Bauer IJ, Kavaka V, Winklmeier S, Zhuo L, Wichmann C, Gerdes LA, Kümpfel T, Dornmair K, Beltrán E, Kerschensteiner M, Kawakami N. A genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screen identifies essential regulators of T cell migration to the CNS in a multiple sclerosis model. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1713-1725. [PMID: 37709997 PMCID: PMC10545543 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves the infiltration of autoreactive T cells into the CNS, yet we lack a comprehensive understanding of the signaling pathways that regulate this process. Here, we conducted a genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screen in a rat MS model and identified 5 essential brakes and 18 essential facilitators of T cell migration to the CNS. While the transcription factor ETS1 limits entry to the CNS by controlling T cell responsiveness, three functional modules, centered around the adhesion molecule α4-integrin, the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and the GRK2 kinase, are required for CNS migration of autoreactive CD4+ T cells. Single-cell analysis of T cells from individuals with MS confirmed that the expression of these essential regulators correlates with the propensity of CD4+ T cells to reach the CNS. Our data thus reveal key regulators of the fundamental step in the induction of MS lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arek Kendirli
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Clara de la Rosa
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin F Lämmle
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Klara Eglseer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Isabel J Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Vladyslav Kavaka
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stephan Winklmeier
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - La Zhuo
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Wichmann
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kerschensteiner
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Martinsried, Germany.
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4
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Lu S, Zhang C, Ma Z, Su R, Li Y, Sun T, Li Y, Hong M, Deng X, Monjezi MR, Hristov M, Steffens S, Santovito D, Dornmair K, Ley K, Weber C, Mohanta SK, Habenicht AJR, Yin C. Pairing of single-cell RNA analysis and T cell antigen receptor profiling indicates breakdown of T cell tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerosis. Nat Cardiovasc Res 2023; 2:290-306. [PMID: 37621765 PMCID: PMC10448629 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques form in the inner layer of arteries triggering heart attacks and strokes. Although T cells have been detected in atherosclerosis, tolerance dysfunction as a disease driver remains unexplored. Here we examine tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerotic plaques, artery tertiary lymphoid organs and lymph nodes in mice burdened by advanced atherosclerosis, via single-cell RNA sequencing paired with T cell antigen receptor sequencing. Complex patterns of deteriorating peripheral T cell tolerance were observed being most pronounced in plaques followed by artery tertiary lymphoid organs, lymph nodes and blood. Affected checkpoints included clonal expansion of CD4+, CD8+ and regulatory T cells; aberrant tolerance-regulating transcripts of clonally expanded T cells; T cell exhaustion; Treg-TH17 T cell conversion; and dysfunctional antigen presentation. Moreover, single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles of human plaques revealed that the CD8+ T cell tolerance dysfunction observed in mouse plaques was shared in human coronary and carotid artery plaques. Thus, our data support the concept of atherosclerosis as a bona fide T cell autoimmune disease targeting the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Shu Lu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Chuankai Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rui Su
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanfang Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ting Sun
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yutao Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Mingyang Hong
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohammad Rafiee Monjezi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hristov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Ley
- Immunology Center of Georgia (IMMCG), Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarajo K. Mohanta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J. R. Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Changjun Yin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
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5
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Deschler K, Rademacher J, Lacher SM, Huth A, Utzt M, Krebs S, Blum H, Haibel H, Proft F, Protopopov M, Rodriguez VR, Beltrán E, Poddubnyy D, Dornmair K. Antigen-specific immune reactions by expanded CD8 + T cell clones from HLA-B*27-positive patients with spondyloarthritis. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102901. [PMID: 36115212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is tightly linked to HLA-B*27 but the pathophysiological basis of this link is still unknown. It is discussed whether either the instability of HLA-B*27 molecules triggers predominantly innate immune reactions or yet unknown antigenic peptides presented by HLA-B*27 induce adaptive autoimmune reactions by CD8+ T cells. To analyze the pathogenesis of SpA, we here investigated the T cell receptor (TCR) usage and whole transcriptomes of CD8+ single cells from synovial fluid of HLA-B*27-positive SpA patients and HLA-B*27-negative controls. In HLA-B*27-positive patients, we confirmed preferential expression of several TCR β-chain families, found even more restricted usage of particular TCR α-chains, assigned matching TCR αβ-chain pairs with homologous CDR3-sequences, and detected identical TCR-chains in different patients. Gene expression analyses by single cell mRNAseq revealed that genes specific for the tissue resident memory phenotype, exhaustion, and apoptosis were particularly highly expressed in expanded clonotypes from HLA-B*27-positive SpA patients. Together, several independent lines of evidence argue in favor of an (auto)antigenic peptide related pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Deschler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Judith Rademacher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja M Lacher
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alina Huth
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Utzt
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center of the LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center of the LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Hildrun Haibel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany
| | - Fabian Proft
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany
| | - Mikhail Protopopov
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany
| | - Valeria Rios Rodriguez
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Denis Poddubnyy
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatologie (including Nutrition Medicine), Germany; Epidemiology unit, German Rheumatism Research Centre, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany.
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6
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Welters C, Lammoglia Cobo MF, Stein CA, Hsu MT, Ben Hamza A, Penter L, Chen X, Buccitelli C, Popp O, Mertins P, Dietze K, Bullinger L, Moosmann A, Blanc E, Beule D, Gerbitz A, Strobel J, Hackstein H, Rahn HP, Dornmair K, Blankenstein T, Hansmann L. Immune Phenotypes and Target Antigens of Clonally Expanded Bone Marrow T Cells in Treatment-Naïve Multiple Myeloma. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:1407-1419. [PMID: 36122410 PMCID: PMC9627264 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow. Despite their clinical and pathophysiologic relevance, the roles of bone marrow-infiltrating T cells in treatment-naïve patients are incompletely understood. We investigated whether clonally expanded T cells (i) were detectable in multiple myeloma bone marrow, (ii) showed characteristic immune phenotypes, and (iii) whether dominant clones recognized antigens selectively presented on multiple myeloma cells. Single-cell index sorting and T-cell receptor (TCR) αβ sequencing of bone marrow T cells from 13 treatment-naïve patients showed dominant clonal expansion within CD8+ cytolytic effector compartments, and only a minority of expanded T-cell clones expressed the classic immune-checkpoint molecules PD-1, CTLA-4, or TIM-3. To identify their molecular targets, TCRs of 68 dominant bone marrow clones from five selected patients were reexpressed and incubated with multiple myeloma and non-multiple myeloma cells from corresponding patients. Only 1 of 68 TCRs recognized antigen presented on multiple myeloma cells. This TCR was HLA-C-restricted, self-peptide-specific and could be activated by multiple myeloma cells of multiple patients. The remaining dominant T-cell clones did not recognize multiple myeloma cells and were, in part, specific for antigens associated with chronic viral infections. In conclusion, we showed that dominant bone marrow T-cell clones in treatment-naïve patients rarely recognize antigens presented on multiple myeloma cells and exhibit low expression of classic immune-checkpoint molecules. Our data provide experimental context for experiences from clinical immune-checkpoint inhibition trials and will inform future T cell-dependent therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Welters
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - María Fernanda Lammoglia Cobo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Alexander Stein
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meng-Tung Hsu
- Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Germany
| | - Amin Ben Hamza
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Livius Penter
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Buccitelli
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Popp
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Dietze
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Moosmann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Eric Blanc
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Armin Gerbitz
- Hans Messner Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julian Strobel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Rahn
- Preparative Flow Cytometry, Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Germany
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Corresponding Author: Leo Hansmann, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. Phone: 49-(0)30-450-665238; Fax: 49-(0)30-450-553914; E-mail:
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7
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Kalluri SR, Srivastava R, Kenet S, Tanti GK, Dornmair K, Bennett JL, Misgeld T, Hemmer B, Wyss MT, Herwerth M. P2R Inhibitors Prevent Antibody-Mediated Complement Activation in an Animal Model of Neuromyelitis Optica : P2R Inhibitors Prevent Autoantibody Injury. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1603-1616. [PMID: 35821382 PMCID: PMC9606199 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic 2 receptors (P2Rs) contribute to disease-related immune cell signaling and are upregulated in various pathological settings, including neuroinflammation. P2R inhibitors have been used to treat inflammatory diseases and can protect against complement-mediated cell injury. However, the mechanisms behind these anti-inflammatory properties of P2R inhibitors are not well understood, and their potential in CNS autoimmunity is underexplored. Here, we tested the effects of P2R inhibitors on glial toxicity in a mouse model of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). NMOSD is a destructive CNS autoimmune disorder, in which autoantibodies against astrocytic surface antigen Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) mediate complement-dependent loss of astrocytes. Using two-photon microscopy in vivo, we found that various classes of P2R inhibitors prevented AQP4-IgG/complement-dependent astrocyte death. In vitro, these drugs inhibited the binding of AQP4-IgG or MOG-IgG to their antigen in a dose-dependent manner. Size-exclusion chromatography and circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed a partial unfolding of antibodies in the presence of various P2R inhibitors, suggesting a shared interference with IgG antibodies leading to their conformational change. Our study demonstrates that P2R inhibitors can disrupt complement activation by direct interaction with IgG. This mechanism is likely to influence the role of P2R inhibitors in autoimmune disease models and their therapeutic impact in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Reddy Kalluri
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rajneesh Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Kenet
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Goutam K Tanti
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffrey L Bennett
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Programs in Neuroscience and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias T Wyss
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Herwerth
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Rademacher J, Deschler K, Lacher S, Huth A, Utzt M, Krebs S, Blum H, Beltrán E, Poddubnyy D, Dornmair K. OP0104 EXPANDED CD8+ T CELL CLONES FROM HLA-B*27-POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS SHOW SIGNS OF ANTIGEN-EXPERIENCE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) remains unknown but its strong association with some alleles of HLA-B*27 is peculiar. The arthritogenic antigen hypothesis assumes the existence of specific peptides presented by risk-conferring HLA-B*27 alleles to antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, which then initiate or sustain autoimmune reactions. Several studies analyzing T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire found preferred Variable TCR chains and motifs in the hypervariable complementary determining region (CDR) 3, but analyzed only TCR β-chains in bulk analyses1,2.ObjectivesTo analyze full sequence information of TCR including matching α- and β-chains from single CD8+ T cells and characterize the transcriptomes of expanded and non-expanded clonotypes in synovial fluid (SF) of SpA patients.MethodsWe included 17 patients with active gonarthritis: 10 patients with HLA-B27 positive (B27pos) SpA, 4 with HLA-B27 negative (B27neg) SpA and 3 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells were sorted out of SF by flow cytometry. Single cell sequencing was performed for all patients to analyze matching TCR α- and β-chains. For 7 patients (3 B27pos SpA, 2 B27neg SpA, 2 RA), additionally whole transcriptome analyses were performed.ResultsWe found strong biases when analyzing α and β chains of TCR Variable regions and CDR1 and CDR2 sequences (Figure 1 a,b): AV21, AV12-2, and AV17 were highly enriched in B27pos SpA as compared to B27neg subjects. Amongst the highest expressed clones, we could confirm enrichment for previously described TRBV genes as BV19, BV5-1 and BV6-2. We examined TCR α/β combinations and focused on those detected in at least three different B27pos SpA but not in any of the B27neg patients (Figure 1 c-f). The combinations TRBV19/TRAV21 and TRBV6-2/TRAV21 were most likely specific for B27pos SpA and might reflect interaction of these TCR chains with HLA-B*27. Sequences of CDR3 loops, which predominantly interact with HLA-bound antigenic peptides, revealed striking common structural motifs in α- and β-chains. Focusing on the most prominent TRAV21 chains pairing with TRBV19, 5-1 and 6-2 chains, revealed identical sequences in different patients and striking common structural motifs in α- and β-CDR3 sequences in other patients. Such marked similarities in the antigen-recognition loops of the β-chains associated with TRAV21 suggest common or highly similar antigens. Gene expression levels provided evidence that expanded cell populations had tissue resident memory (TRM) phenotypes (elevated expression of activation, migration and tissue retention markers, downregulated genes characteristic for T cell egress), while this phenotype was not very pronounced in non-expanded cells. Furthermore, markers for T cell exhaustion and apoptosis were elevated in expanded cells of B27pos SpA patients.Figure 1.Distinct TCRαβ V chain usage in expanded clones from HLA-B27 positive SpA patients. A,B Mean number of all productive TRAV (A) and TRBV (B) genes used in expanded, antigen-experienced CD8 T cell clones (>1% of all cells) from SF of 10 B27pos SpA, 4 B27neg SpA and 3 B27neg RA patients. C-F TRAV chains paired with TRBV19 (C), TRBV5-1 (D), TRBV6-2 (E), or TRBV chains paired with TRAV21 (F) with corresponding TRAJ spanning partners in expanded cells (frequency ≥2) from all 10 B27pos SpA. Number of chains are 1250 (C), 886 (D), 1220 (E), and 4006 (F).ConclusionAnalysis of single antigen experienced CD8+ T cells from SF of B27pos SpA patients revealed significant clonal expansions and common motifs in the CDR loops. Two of the four CDR1 and CDR2 loops were highly homologous suggesting that these loops interact with α-helices of HLA-B*27. Common motifs in CDR3 loops of expanded clonotypes suggest recognition of a limited set of antigenic peptides presented by HLA-B*27. Many of the expanded clonotypes showed a TRM phenotype, were exhausted and on the way to become apoptotic, which suggests that these clones had sustained contact to specific antigens.References[1]Komech, et al. Rheumatology 2018[2]Hanson, et al. A&R 2020AcknowledgementsWe thank all patients included in this study for their participation. This work was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through grants DO 420/4 to KDo, PO 2124/2-1 to DP, and SyNergy (EXC 2145 SyNergy – ID 390857198) to KDo. Judith Rademacher and Katharina Deschler contributed equally. JR is participant in the BIH-Charité Clinician Scientist Program funded by the Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health. The authors would like to thank Martina Seipel for excellent technical assistance, Sabrina Sron for patient recruitment and study coordination, and Hildrun Haibel, Mikhail Protopopov, Fabian Proft, Valeria Rios Rodriguez and Laura Spiller for recruiting patients for this study.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Arakawa A, Reeves E, Vollmer S, Arakawa Y, He M, Galinski A, Stöhr J, Dornmair K, James E, Prinz JC. ERAP1 Controls the Autoimmune Response against Melanocytes in Psoriasis by Generating the Melanocyte Autoantigen and Regulating Its Amount for HLA-C*06:02 Presentation. J Immunol 2021; 207:2235-2244. [PMID: 34580106 PMCID: PMC7611875 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases develop when autoantigens activate previously quiescent self-reactive lymphocytes. Gene-gene interaction between certain HLA class I risk alleles and variants of the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase ERAP1 controls the risk for common immune-mediated diseases, including psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, and Behçet disease. The functional mechanisms underlying this statistical association are unknown. In psoriasis, HLA-C*06:02 mediates an autoimmune response against melanocytes by autoantigen presentation. Using various genetically modified cell lines together with an autoreactive psoriatic TCR in a TCR activation assay, we demonstrate in this study that in psoriasis, ERAP1 generates the causative melanocyte autoantigen through trimming N-terminal elongated peptide precursors to the appropriate length for presentation by HLA-C*06:02. An ERAP1 risk haplotype for psoriasis produced the autoantigen much more efficiently and increased HLA-C expression and stimulation of the psoriatic TCR by melanocytes significantly more than a protective haplotype. Compared with the overall HLA class I molecules, cell surface expression of HLA-C decreased significantly more upon ERAP1 knockout. The combined upregulation of ERAP1 and HLA-C on melanocytes in psoriasis lesions emphasizes the pathogenic relevance of their interaction in patients. We conclude that in psoriasis pathogenesis, the increased generation of an ERAP1-dependent autoantigen by an ERAP1 risk haplotype enhances the likelihood that autoantigen presentation by HLA-C*06:02 will exceed the threshold for activation of potentially autoreactive T cells, thereby triggering CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. These data identify ERAP1 function as a central checkpoint and promising therapeutic target in psoriasis and possibly other HLA class I-associated diseases with a similar genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany;
| | - Emma Reeves
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yukiyasu Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mengwen He
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Galinski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Stöhr
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Edward James
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and
| | - Jörg C Prinz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany;
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10
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Hiltensperger M, Beltrán E, Kant R, Tyystjärvi S, Lepennetier G, Domínguez Moreno H, Bauer IJ, Grassmann S, Jarosch S, Schober K, Buchholz VR, Kenet S, Gasperi C, Öllinger R, Rad R, Muschaweckh A, Sie C, Aly L, Knier B, Garg G, Afzali AM, Gerdes LA, Kümpfel T, Franzenburg S, Kawakami N, Hemmer B, Busch DH, Misgeld T, Dornmair K, Korn T. Skin and gut imprinted helper T cell subsets exhibit distinct functional phenotypes in central nervous system autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:880-892. [PMID: 34099917 PMCID: PMC7611097 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Multidimensional single-cell analyses of T cells have fueled the debate about whether there is extensive plasticity or 'mixed' priming of helper T cell subsets in vivo. Here, we developed an experimental framework to probe the idea that the site of priming in the systemic immune compartment is a determinant of helper T cell-induced immunopathology in remote organs. By site-specific in vivo labeling of antigen-specific T cells in inguinal (i) or gut draining mesenteric (m) lymph nodes, we show that i-T cells and m-T cells isolated from the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) in a model of multiple sclerosis (MS) are distinct. i-T cells were Cxcr6+, and m-T cells expressed P2rx7. Notably, m-T cells infiltrated white matter, while i-T cells were also recruited to gray matter. Therefore, we propose that the definition of helper T cell subsets by their site of priming may guide an advanced understanding of helper T cell biology in health and disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Autoimmunity/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling
- Cell Lineage
- Cerebrospinal Fluid/immunology
- Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Fingolimod Hydrochloride/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Intestines/drug effects
- Intestines/immunology
- Intravital Microscopy
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Prospective Studies
- RNA-Seq
- Receptors, CXCR6/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR6/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/metabolism
- Single-Cell Analysis
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/transplantation
- Transcriptome
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hiltensperger
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ravi Kant
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sofia Tyystjärvi
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gildas Lepennetier
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Domínguez Moreno
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel J Bauer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Simon Grassmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jarosch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Veit R Buchholz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Kenet
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Gasperi
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Sie
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Garima Garg
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali M Afzali
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sören Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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11
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Hohlfeld R, Beltran E, Gerdes LA, Dornmair K. Tissue-resident CD8+ memory T cells in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2021; 144:e7. [PMID: 33313699 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltran
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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12
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Beltrán E, Paunovic M, Gebert D, Cesur E, Jeitler M, Höftberger R, Malotka J, Mader S, Kawakami N, Meinl E, Bradl M, Dornmair K, Lassmann H. Correction to: Archeological neuroimmunology: resurrection of a pathogenic immune response from a historical case sheds light on human autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:629. [PMID: 33559729 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Beltrán E, Paunovic M, Gebert D, Cesur E, Jeitler M, Höftberger R, Malotka J, Mader S, Kawakami N, Meinl E, Bradl M, Dornmair K, Lassmann H. Archeological neuroimmunology: resurrection of a pathogenic immune response from a historical case sheds light on human autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:67-83. [PMID: 33242149 PMCID: PMC7785560 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim of our study was to identify the target auto-antigen in the central nervous system recognized by the immune system of a unique patient, who died more than 60 years ago from a disease with pathological changes closely resembling multiple sclerosis (MS), following a misguided immunization with lyophilized calf brain tissue. Total mRNA was isolated from formaldehyde fixed and paraffin embedded archival brain tissue containing chronic active inflammatory demyelinating lesions with inflammatory infiltrates rich in B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. Analysis of the transcriptome by next generation sequencing and reconstruction of the dominant antibody by bioinformatic tools revealed the presence of one strongly expanded B-cell clone, producing an autoantibody against a conformational epitope of myelin oligodendrocytes glycoprotein (MOG), similar to that recognized by the well characterized monoclonal anti-MOG antibody 8-18C5. The reconstructed antibody induced demyelination after systemic or intrathecal injection into animals with T-cell mediated encephalomyelitis. Our study suggests that immunization with bovine brain tissue in humans may-in a small subset of patients-induce a disease with an intermediate clinical and pathological presentation between MS and MOG-antibody associated inflammatory demyelinating disease (MOGAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuela Paunovic
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Gebert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emine Cesur
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Jeitler
- Core Facility Genomics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Malotka
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Mader
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Bradl
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital and Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Beltrán E, Gerdes LA, Hansen J, Flierl-Hecht A, Krebs S, Blum H, Ertl-Wagner B, Barkhof F, Kümpfel T, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Early adaptive immune activation detected in monozygotic twins with prodromal multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4758-4768. [PMID: 31566584 DOI: 10.1172/jci128475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling disease of the CNS. Inflammatory features of MS include lymphocyte accumulations in the CNS and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The preclinical events leading to established MS are still enigmatic. Here we compared gene expression patterns of CSF cells from MS-discordant monozygotic twin pairs. Six "healthy" co-twins, who carry a maximal familial risk for developing MS, showed subclinical neuroinflammation (SCNI) with small MRI lesions. Four of these subjects had oligoclonal bands (OCBs). By single-cell RNA sequencing of 2752 CSF cells, we identified clonally expanded CD8+ T cells, plasmablasts, and, to a lesser extent, CD4+ T cells not only from MS patients but also from subjects with SCNI. In contrast to nonexpanded T cells, clonally expanded T cells showed characteristics of activated tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells. The TRM-like phenotype was detectable already in cells from SCNI subjects but more pronounced in cells from patients with definite MS. Expanded plasmablast clones were detected only in MS and SCNI subjects with OCBs. Our data provide evidence for very early concomitant activation of 3 components of the adaptive immune system in MS, with a notable contribution of clonally expanded TRM-like CD8+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital
| | - Julia Hansen
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital
| | | | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center; and
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center; and
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Grosshadern Medical Campus; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medical Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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15
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Bracher A, Alcalá C, Ferrer J, Melzer N, Hohlfeld R, Casanova B, Beltrán E, Dornmair K. An expanded parenchymal CD8+ T cell clone in GABA A receptor encephalitis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:239-244. [PMID: 31943946 PMCID: PMC7034500 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of T cells in autoimmune encephalitis syndromes with autoantibodies against cell surface antigens is still enigmatic. Here we analyzed the T cell receptor repertoires of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in a patient with "idiopathic" gamma-aminobutyric-acid-A receptor (GABAA -R) encephalitis by next-generation sequencing and single-cell analyses. We identified a CD8+ T cell clone that was strongly expanded in the cerebrospinal fluid and in the hippocampus but not in the operculo-insular cortex. By contrast, CD4+ T cells were polyclonal in these tissues. Such a strong clonal expansion suggests that CD8+ T cells may play a significant role in the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Bracher
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Carmen Alcalá
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaime Ferrer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nico Melzer
- Clinic of Neurology and Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Bonaventura Casanova
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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16
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Gross CC, Meyer C, Bhatia U, Yshii L, Kleffner I, Bauer J, Tröscher AR, Schulte-Mecklenbeck A, Herich S, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Plate H, Kuhlmann T, Schwaninger M, Brück W, Pawlitzki M, Laplaud DA, Loussouarn D, Parratt J, Barnett M, Buckland ME, Hardy TA, Reddel SW, Ringelstein M, Dörr J, Wildemann B, Kraemer M, Lassmann H, Höftberger R, Beltrán E, Dornmair K, Schwab N, Klotz L, Meuth SG, Martin-Blondel G, Wiendl H, Liblau R. CD8 + T cell-mediated endotheliopathy is a targetable mechanism of neuro-inflammation in Susac syndrome. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5779. [PMID: 31852955 PMCID: PMC6920411 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is often associated with blood-brain-barrier dysfunction, which contributes to neurological tissue damage. Here, we reveal the pathophysiology of Susac syndrome (SuS), an enigmatic neuroinflammatory disease with central nervous system (CNS) endotheliopathy. By investigating immune cells from the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and CNS of SuS patients, we demonstrate oligoclonal expansion of terminally differentiated activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs). Neuropathological data derived from both SuS patients and a newly-developed transgenic mouse model recapitulating the disease indicate that CTLs adhere to CNS microvessels in distinct areas and polarize granzyme B, which most likely results in the observed endothelial cell injury and microhemorrhages. Blocking T-cell adhesion by anti-α4 integrin-intervention ameliorates the disease in the preclinical model. Similarly, disease severity decreases in four SuS patients treated with natalizumab along with other therapy. Our study identifies CD8+ T-cell-mediated endotheliopathy as a key disease mechanism in SuS and highlights therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina C Gross
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Céline Meyer
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, CHU Purpan - BP 3028 - 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Urvashi Bhatia
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lidia Yshii
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, CHU Purpan - BP 3028 - 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Ilka Kleffner
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Bauer
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna R Tröscher
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Herich
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Henrike Plate
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Pottkamp 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Brück
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37099, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - David-Axel Laplaud
- UMR 1064, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes - Hôtel Dieu Bd Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- Service Neurologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Delphine Loussouarn
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU Nantes, Hôtel-Dieu, rez-de-jardin, 44093, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - John Parratt
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Australia Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Michael Barnett
- Brain and Mind Centre, Medical Faculty, University of Sydney, Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Michael E Buckland
- Brain and Mind Centre, Medical Faculty, University of Sydney, Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, 94, Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Todd A Hardy
- Brain and Mind Centre, Medical Faculty, University of Sydney, Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Stephen W Reddel
- Brain and Mind Centre, Medical Faculty, University of Sydney, Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Marius Ringelstein
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Center of Neurology und Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Dörr
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Kraemer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Alfried Krupp Hospital, Alfried-Krupp-Strasse 21, 45130, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Straße 9, Martinsried, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Straße 9, Martinsried, 82152, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Schwab
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Cells in Motion (CiM), Münster, Germany
| | - Guillaume Martin-Blondel
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, CHU Purpan - BP 3028 - 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, Toulouse, France
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
- Australia Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Reserve Road, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia.
- Cells in Motion (CiM), Münster, Germany.
| | - Roland Liblau
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, CHU Purpan - BP 3028 - 31024, Toulouse Cedex 3, Toulouse, France.
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17
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Konjevic Sabolek M, Held K, Beltrán E, Niedl AG, Meinl E, Hohlfeld R, Lassmann H, Dornmair K. Communication of CD8 + T cells with mononuclear phagocytes in multiple sclerosis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:1151-1164. [PMID: 31353869 PMCID: PMC6649540 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective CD8+ T cells are the most prevailing lymphocyte population in inflammatory lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) but it is not even known whether they are merely passive bystanders or actively communicate with other cells in the brain. To identify their potential interaction partners, we analyzed CD8+ T cells that contained vectorially oriented cytotoxic granules and analyzed the areas to which the granules pointed. Methods We stained cryo‐sections of active MS lesions of an index patient with antibodies to CD8 and perforin, searched for vectorially oriented perforin granules, and isolated target areas opposing the granules and control areas by laser‐microdissection. From both areas, we analyzed cell‐type specific transcripts by next‐generation sequencing. In parallel, we stained samples from the index‐patient and other patients by four‐color immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results We found transcripts of the mononuclear phagocyte (MP) specific markers CD163 and CD11b only in the microdissected target areas but not in control areas. We validated the finding that MPs are communication partners of CD8+ T cells in MS lesions by classical IHC in samples from the index‐patient and other patients with acute and progressive MS and other inflammatory neurological diseases. Interpretation Because CD163 and CD11b are specifically expressed in MPs, our findings suggest that CD8+ T cells communicate with local MPs. Although it is still unclear if these interactions lead to killing of the communication partners by CD8+ T cells, our data underline that CD8+ T cells play an active role in the pathogenesis of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matea Konjevic Sabolek
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna G Niedl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), D-81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-82152, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), D-81377, Munich, Germany
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18
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Beltrán E, Nguyen XH, Quériault C, Barateau L, Dauvilliers Y, Dornmair K, Liblau RS. Shared T cell receptor chains in blood memory CD4 + T cells of narcolepsy type 1 patients. J Autoimmun 2019; 100:1-6. [PMID: 30948158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Convergent evidence points to the involvement of T cells in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Here, we hypothesized that expanded disease-specific T cell clones could be detected in the blood of NT1 patients. We compared the TCR repertoire of circulating antigen-experienced CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from 13 recently diagnosed NT1 patients and 11 age-, sex-, and HLA-DQB1*06:02-matched healthy controls. We detected a bias in the usage of TRAV3 and TRAV8 families, with public CDR3α motifs only present in CD4+ T cells from patients with NT1. These findings may offer a unique tool to identify disease-relevant antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology (VRISG), Vinmec International Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Clémence Quériault
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Barateau
- National Reference Center for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Center for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland S Liblau
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Penter L, Dietze K, Ritter J, Lammoglia Cobo MF, Garmshausen J, Aigner F, Bullinger L, Hackstein H, Wienzek-Lischka S, Blankenstein T, Hummel M, Dornmair K, Hansmann L. Localization-associated immune phenotypes of clonally expanded tumor-infiltrating T cells and distribution of their target antigens in rectal cancer. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1586409. [PMID: 31069154 PMCID: PMC6492980 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1586409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The degree and type of T cell infiltration influence rectal cancer prognosis regardless of classical tumor staging. We asked whether clonal expansion and tumor infiltration are restricted to selected-phenotype T cells; which clones are accessible in peripheral blood; and what the spatial distribution of their target antigens is. From five rectal cancer patients, we isolated paired tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) and T cells from unaffected rectum mucosa (TUM) using 13-parameter FACS single cell index sorting. TCRαβ sequences, cytokine, and transcription factor expression were determined with single cell sequencing. TILs and TUM occupied distinct phenotype compartments and clonal expansion predominantly occurred within CD8+ T cells. Expanded TIL clones identified by paired TCRαβ sequencing and exclusively detectable in the tumor showed characteristic PD-1 and TIM-3 expression. TCRβ repertoire sequencing identified 49 out of 149 expanded TIL clones circulating in peripheral blood and 41 (84%) of these were PD-1- TIM-3-. To determine whether clonal expansion of predominantly tumor-infiltrating T cell clones was driven by antigens uniquely presented in tumor tissue, selected TCRs were reconstructed and incubated with cells isolated from corresponding tumor or unaffected mucosa. The majority of clones exclusively detected in the tumor recognized antigen at both sites. In summary, rectal cancer is infiltrated with expanded distinct-phenotype T cell clones that either i) predominantly infiltrate the tumor, ii) predominantly infiltrate the unaffected mucosa, or iii) overlap between tumor, unaffected mucosa, and peripheral blood. However, the target antigens of predominantly tumor-infiltrating TIL clones do not appear to be restricted to tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livius Penter
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Dietze
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Ritter
- Institute for Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Fernanda Lammoglia Cobo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josefin Garmshausen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Aigner
- Department of Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CCM and CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sandra Wienzek-Lischka
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Immunology Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Molecular Immunology and Gene Therapy, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hummel
- Institute for Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and Hospital of the LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Spadaro M, Winklmeier S, Beltrán E, Macrini C, Höftberger R, Schuh E, Thaler FS, Gerdes LA, Laurent S, Gerhards R, Brändle S, Dornmair K, Breithaupt C, Krumbholz M, Moser M, Krishnamoorthy G, Kamp F, Jenne D, Hohlfeld R, Kümpfel T, Lassmann H, Kawakami N, Meinl E. Pathogenicity of human antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Ann Neurol 2018; 84:315-328. [PMID: 30014603 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) occur in a proportion of patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). We analyzed their pathogenic activity by affinity-purifying these antibodies (Abs) from patients and transferring them to experimental animals. METHODS Patients with Abs to MOG were identified by cell-based assay. We determined the cross-reactivity to rodent MOG and the recognized MOG epitopes. We produced the correctly folded extracellular domain of MOG and affinity-purified MOG-specific Abs from the blood of patients. These purified Abs were used to stain CNS tissue and transferred in 2 models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Animals were analyzed histopathologically. RESULTS We identified 17 patients with MOG Abs from our outpatient clinic and selected 2 with a cross-reactivity to rodent MOG; both had recurrent optic neuritis. Affinity-purified Abs recognized MOG on transfected cells and stained myelin in tissue sections. The Abs from the 2 patients recognized different epitopes on MOG, the CC' and the FG loop. In both patients, these Abs persisted during our observation period of 2 to 3 years. The anti-MOG Abs from both patients were pathogenic upon intrathecal injection in 2 different rat models. Together with cognate MOG-specific T cells, these Abs enhanced T-cell infiltration; together with myelin basic protein-specific T cells, they induced demyelination associated with deposition of C9neo, resembling a multiple sclerosis type II pathology. INTERPRETATION MOG-specific Abs affinity purified from patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease induce pathological changes in vivo upon cotransfer with myelin-reactive T cells, suggesting that these Abs are similarly pathogenic in patients. Ann Neurol 2018;84:315-328.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Spadaro
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Winklmeier
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Caterina Macrini
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schuh
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska S Thaler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Laurent
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ramona Gerhards
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Brändle
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze Breithaupt
- Department of Physical Biotechnology, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Markus Krumbholz
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karl University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Moser
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Frits Kamp
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, and Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospitals, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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21
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Arakawa A, Vollmer S, Besgen P, Galinski A, Summer B, Kawakami Y, Wollenberg A, Dornmair K, Spannagl M, Ruzicka T, Thomas P, Prinz JC. Unopposed IL-36 Activity Promotes Clonal CD4 + T-Cell Responses with IL-17A Production in Generalized Pustular Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:1338-1347. [PMID: 29288651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is the most severe psoriasis variant. Mutations in the IL-36 antagonist IL36RN, in CARD14 or AP1S3 provide genetic evidence for autoinflammatory etiology but cannot explain its pathogenesis completely. Here we demonstrate that unopposed IL-36 signaling promotes antigen-driven and likely pathogenic T-helper type 17 (Th17) responses in GPP. We observed that CD4+ T cells in blood and skin lesions of GPP patients were characterized by intense hyperproliferation, production of the GPP key mediator, IL-17A, and highly restricted TCR repertoires with identical T-cell clones in blood and skin lesions, indicating antigen-driven T-cell expansions. The clonally expanded CD4+ T cells were major producers of IL-17A. IL-36 signaling substantially enhanced TCR-mediated proliferation of CD4+ T cells. Moreover, GPP patients showed preferences for HLA-DRB1∗14, HLA-DQB1∗05, and HLA-DQB1∗03. We conclude that in GPP unopposed IL-36 signaling and certain HLA-class II alleles may cooperate in promoting antigen-driven Th17 responses, which in the obvious absence of exogenous triggers may reflect autoimmune reactions. This study reveals a pathogenic pathway where innate immune dysregulation promotes T-cell-mediated inflammation in GPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Besgen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Galinski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yoshio Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Spannagl
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Thomas
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg C Prinz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany.
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22
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Gerdes LA, Held K, Beltrán E, Berking C, Prinz JC, Junker A, Tietze JK, Ertl-Wagner B, Straube A, Kümpfel T, Dornmair K, Hohlfeld R. CTLA4 as Immunological Checkpoint in the Development of Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2016; 80:294-300. [PMID: 27351142 PMCID: PMC5129566 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated a patient who developed multiple sclerosis (MS) during treatment with the CTLA4‐blocking antibody ipilimumab for metastatic melanoma. Initially he showed subclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes (radiologically isolated syndrome). Two courses of ipilimumab were each followed by a clinical episode of MS, 1 of which was accompanied by a massive increase of MRI activity. Brain biopsy confirmed active, T‐cell type MS. Quantitative next generation sequencing of T‐cell receptor genes revealed distinct oligoclonal CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell repertoires in the primary melanoma and cerebrospinal fluid. Our results pinpoint the coinhibitory molecule CTLA4 as an immunological checkpoint and therapeutic target in MS. Ann Neurol 2016;80:294–300
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ann Gerdes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Jörg C Prinz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Andreas Junker
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen.,Department of Neuropathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - Julia K Tietze
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Grosshadern Medical Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Andreas Straube
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Grosshadern-Martinsried Campus, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich.,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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23
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Rühl G, Niedl AG, Patronov A, Siewert K, Pinkert S, Kalemanov M, Friese MA, Attfield KE, Antes I, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Multiple sclerosis: Molecular mimicry of an antimyelin HLA class I restricted T-cell receptor. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2016; 3:e241. [PMID: 27231714 PMCID: PMC4871805 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify target antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 to the myelin-reactive human T-cell receptor (TCR) 2D1, which was originally isolated from a CD8+ T-cell clone recognizing proteolipid protein (PLP) in the context of HLA-A*03:01, we employed a new antigen search technology. METHODS We used our recently developed antigen search technology that employs plasmid-encoded combinatorial peptide libraries and a highly sensitive single cell detection system to identify endogenous candidate peptides of mice and human origin. We validated candidate antigens by independent T-cell assays using synthetic peptides and refolded HLA:peptide complexes. A molecular model of HLA-A*02:01:peptide complexes was obtained by molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS We identified one peptide from glycerolphosphatidylcholine phosphodiesterase 1, which is identical in mice and humans and originates from a protein that is expressed in many cell types. When bound to HLA-A*02:01, this peptide cross-stimulates the PLP-reactive HLA-A3-restricted TCR 2D1. Investigation of molecular details revealed that the peptide length plays a crucial role in its capacity to bind HLA-A*02:01 and to activate TCR 2D1. Molecular modeling illustrated the 3D structures of activating HLA:peptide complexes. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that our antigen search technology allows us to identify new candidate antigens of a presumably pathogenic, autoreactive, human CD8+ T-cell-derived TCR. They further illustrate how this TCR, which recognizes a myelin peptide bound to HLA-A*03:01, may cross-react with an unrelated peptide presented by the protective HLA class I allele HLA-A*02:01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Anna G Niedl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Atanas Patronov
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Maria Kalemanov
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Kathrine E Attfield
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (G.R., A.G.N., K.S., R.H., K.D.) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich; Department of Life Sciences (A.P., M.K., I.A.), Technical University Munich, Freising; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (S.P.), Martinsried; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (M.A.F.), University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; MRC Human Immunology Unit (K.E.A.), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) (I.A.), Germany
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24
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Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H. The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 2: CD8+ T cells, B cells, and antibodies in the focus of reverse-translational research. Lancet Neurol 2015; 15:317-31. [PMID: 26724102 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Interest in CD8+ T cells and B cells was initially inspired by observations in multiple sclerosis rather than in animal models: CD8+ T cells predominate in multiple sclerosis lesions, oligoclonal immunoglobulin bands in CSF have long been recognised as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and anti-B-cell therapies showed considerable efficacy in multiple sclerosis. Taking a reverse-translational approach, findings from human T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire studies provided strong evidence for antigen-driven clonal expansion in the brain and CSF. New methods allow the reconstruction of human TCRs and antibodies from tissue-infiltrating immune cells, which can be used for the unbiased screening of antigen libraries. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has received renewed attention as an antibody target in childhood multiple sclerosis and in a small subgroup of adult patients with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that a separate condition in adults exists, tentatively called MOG-antibody-associated encephalomyelitis, which has clinical features that overlap with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis. Although CD8+ T cells and B cells are thought to have a pathogenic role in some subgroups of patients, their target antigens have yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Campus Martinsried-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Campus Martinsried-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Edgar Meinl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Campus Martinsried-Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wekerle
- HERTIE Senior Professor Group Neuroimmunology, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
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25
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Arakawa A, Siewert K, Stöhr J, Besgen P, Kim SM, Rühl G, Nickel J, Vollmer S, Thomas P, Krebs S, Pinkert S, Spannagl M, Held K, Kammerbauer C, Besch R, Dornmair K, Prinz JC. Melanocyte antigen triggers autoimmunity in human psoriasis. J Exp Med 2015; 212:2203-12. [PMID: 26621454 PMCID: PMC4689169 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a common T cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease with a suspected autoimmune pathogenesis. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I allele, HLA-C*06:02, is the main psoriasis risk gene. Epidermal CD8(+) T cells are essential for psoriasis development. Functional implications of HLA-C*06:02 and mechanisms of lesional T cell activation in psoriasis, however, remained elusive. Here we identify melanocytes as skin-specific target cells of an HLA-C*06:02-restricted psoriatic T cell response. We found that a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T cell receptor (TCR), which we had reconstituted from an epidermal CD8(+) T cell clone of an HLA-C*06:02-positive psoriasis patient specifically recognizes HLA-C*06:02-positive melanocytes. Through peptide library screening, we identified ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as an HLA-C*06:02-presented melanocytic autoantigen of the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR. Consistent with the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1-TCR reactivity, we observed numerous CD8(+) T cells in psoriasis lesions attacking melanocytes, the only epidermal cells expressing ADAMTSL5. Furthermore, ADAMTSL5 stimulation induced the psoriasis signature cytokine, IL-17A, in CD8(+) T cells from psoriasis patients only, supporting a role as psoriatic autoantigen. This unbiased analysis of a TCR obtained directly from tissue-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells reveals that in psoriasis HLA-C*06:02 directs an autoimmune response against melanocytes through autoantigen presentation. We propose that HLA-C*06:02 may predispose to psoriasis via this newly identified autoimmune pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julia Stöhr
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Besgen
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Song-Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jens Nickel
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Gene Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Pinkert
- German Cancer Research Center, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Spannagl
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claudia Kammerbauer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Besch
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jörg C Prinz
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, D-80337 Munich, Germany
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Held K, Beltrán E, Moser M, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. T-cell receptor repertoire of human peripheral CD161hiTRAV1-2+ MAIT cells revealed by next generation sequencing and single cell analysis. Hum Immunol 2015; 76:607-14. [PMID: 26382249 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a T-cell subset that expresses a conserved TRAV1-2 (Vα7.2) T-cell receptor (TCR) chain and the surface marker CD161. They are involved in the defence against microbes as they recognise small organic molecules of microbial origin that are presented by the non-classical MHC molecule 1 (MR1). MAIT cells express a semi-restricted TCR α chain with TRAV1-2 preferentially linked to TRAJ33, TRAJ12, or TRAJ20 which pairs with a limited set of β chains. To investigate the TCR repertoire of human CD161(hi)TRAV1-2(+) T cells in depth we analysed the α and β chains of this T-cell subset by next generation sequencing. Concomitantly we analysed 132 paired α and β chains from single cells to assess the αβ pairing preferences. We found that the CD161(hi)TRAV1-2(+) TCR repertoire in addition to the typical MAIT TCRs further contains polyclonal elements reminiscent of classical αβ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Munich, Germany.
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Moser
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Klinikum der Universität Muenchen, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
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27
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Held K, Bhonsle-Deeng L, Siewert K, Sato W, Beltrán E, Schmidt S, Rühl G, Ng JKM, Engerer P, Moser M, Klinkert WEF, Babbe H, Misgeld T, Wekerle H, Laplaud DA, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. αβ T-cell receptors from multiple sclerosis brain lesions show MAIT cell-related features. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2015; 2:e107. [PMID: 25977934 PMCID: PMC4426681 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To characterize phenotypes of T cells that accumulated in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, to compare the lesional T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of T-cell subsets to peripheral blood, and to identify paired α and β chains from single CD8+ T cells from an index patient who we followed for 18 years. Methods: We combined immunohistochemistry, laser microdissection, and single-cell multiplex PCR to characterize T-cell subtypes and identify paired TCRα and TCRβ chains from individual brain-infiltrating T cells in frozen brain sections. The lesional and peripheral TCR repertoires were analyzed by pyrosequencing. Results: We found that a TCR Vβ1+ T-cell population that was strikingly expanded in active brain lesions at clinical onset comprises several subclones expressing distinct yet closely related Vα7.2+ α chains, including a canonical Vα7.2-Jα33 chain of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Three other α chains bear striking similarities in their antigen-recognizing, hypervariable complementarity determining region 3. Longitudinal repertoire studies revealed that the TCR chains that were massively expanded in brain at onset persisted for several years in blood or CSF but subsequently disappeared except for the canonical Vα7.2+ MAIT cell and a few other TCR sequences that were still detectable in blood after 18 years. Conclusions: Our observation that a massively expanded TCR Vβ1-Jβ2.3 chain paired with distinct yet closely related canonical or atypical MAIT cell–related α chains strongly points to an antigen-driven process in early active MS brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Latika Bhonsle-Deeng
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Wakiro Sato
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Judy K M Ng
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Peter Engerer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Markus Moser
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Wolfgang E F Klinkert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Holger Babbe
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Hartmut Wekerle
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - David-Axel Laplaud
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.H., L.B.-D., K.S., W.S., E.B., G.R., J.K.M.N., R.H., K.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Gemeinschaftspraxis (S.S.), Gesundheitszentrum St. Johannes Hospital, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology (P.E., T.M.), TU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department for Molecular Medicine (M.M.), Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department for Neuroimmunology (W.E.F.K., H.W.), Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Genetics (H.B.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (T.M., H.W., R.H., K.D.), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) (T.M.), Munich, Germany; and INSERM, UMR 1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France
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Abstract
Tissue-invasive T cells are observed in many inflammatory dermatological diseases, but in most cases, it is not known how they were attracted, what they might recognize, and to which extent they are activated. Answering these questions is surely essential for understanding pathogeneses of the diseases. In a recent issue of Experimental Dermatology, Smith et al. showed that early signalling events in skin-resident T cells may be investigated by multiplex immunoprecipitation flow cytometry, even if only few T cells are available from skin biopsy samples. This new technology will most likely contribute to elucidating the role of skin-invasive T cells and to understanding the pathology of dermatological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Grosshadern, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Pröbstel AK, Rudolf G, Dornmair K, Collongues N, Chanson JB, Sanderson NSR, Lindberg RLP, Kappos L, de Seze J, Derfuss T. Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of patients with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:46. [PMID: 25889963 PMCID: PMC4359547 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have been identified in a subgroup of pediatric patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and in some patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The aim of this study was to examine the frequency, clinical features, and long-term disease course of patients with anti-MOG antibodies in a European cohort of NMO/NMOSD. Findings Sera from 48 patients with NMO/NMOSD and 48 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) were tested for anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and anti-MOG antibodies with a cell-based assay. Anti-MOG antibodies were found in 4/17 patients with AQP4-seronegative NMO/NMOSD, but in none of the AQP4-seropositive NMO/NMOSD (n = 31) or RR-MS patients (n = 48). MOG-seropositive patients tended towards younger disease onset with a higher percentage of patients with pediatric (<18 years) disease onset (MOG+, AQP4+, MOG−/AQP4−: 2/4, 3/31, 0/13). MOG-seropositive patients presented more often with positive oligoclonal bands (OCBs) (3/3, 5/29, 1/13) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions during disease course (2/4, 5/31, 1/13). Notably, the mean time to the second attack affecting a different CNS region was longer in the anti-MOG antibody-positive group (11.3, 3.2, 3.4 years). Conclusions MOG-seropositive patients show a diverse clinical phenotype with clinical features resembling both NMO (attacks mainly confined to the spinal cord and optic nerves) and MS with an opticospinal presentation (positive OCBs, brain lesions). Anti-MOG antibodies can serve as a diagnostic and maybe prognostic tool in patients with an AQP4-seronegative NMO phenotype and should be tested in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Pröbstel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gabrielle Rudolf
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, University Hospital Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67100, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Collongues
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, University Hospital Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67100, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Chanson
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, University Hospital Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67100, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nicholas S R Sanderson
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Raija L P Lindberg
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ludwig Kappos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jérôme de Seze
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, University Hospital Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67100, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
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Held K, Bhonsle L, Sato W, Rühl G, Laplaud DA, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. T cell receptors of “mucosal-associated invariant T” cells in multiple sclerosis brain lesions. J Neuroimmunol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.08.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Beltrán E, Obermeier B, Moser M, Coret F, Simó-Castelló M, Boscá I, Pérez-Miralles F, Villar LM, Senel M, Tumani H, Hohlfeld R, Casanova B, Dornmair K. Intrathecal somatic hypermutation of IgM in multiple sclerosis and neuroinflammation. Brain 2014; 137:2703-14. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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32
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Mayer MC, Breithaupt C, Reindl M, Schanda K, Rostásy K, Berger T, Dale RC, Brilot F, Olsson T, Jenne D, Pröbstel AK, Dornmair K, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R, Banwell B, Bar-Or A, Meinl E. Distinction and temporal stability of conformational epitopes on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein recognized by patients with different inflammatory central nervous system diseases. J Immunol 2013; 191:3594-604. [PMID: 24014878 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies targeting conformationally intact myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are found in different inflammatory diseases of the CNS, but their antigenic epitopes have not been mapped. We expressed mutants of MOG on human HeLa cells and analyzed sera from 111 patients (104 children, 7 adults) who recognized cell-bound human MOG, but had different diseases, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), one episode of transverse myelitis or optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-negative neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis (CRION). We obtained insight into the recognition of epitopes in 98 patients. All epitopes identified were located at loops connecting the β strands of MOG. The most frequently recognized MOG epitope was revealed by the P42S mutation positioned in the CC'-loop. Overall, we distinguished seven epitope patterns, including the one mainly recognized by mouse mAbs. In half of the patients, the anti-MOG response was directed to a single epitope. The epitope specificity was not linked to certain disease entities. Longitudinal analysis of 11 patients for up to 5 y indicated constant epitope recognition without evidence for intramolecular epitope spreading. Patients who rapidly lost their anti-MOG IgG still generated a long-lasting IgG response to vaccines, indicating that their loss of anti-MOG reactivity did not reflect a general lack of capacity for long-standing IgG responses. The majority of human anti-MOG Abs did not recognize rodent MOG, which has implications for animal studies. Our findings might assist in future detection of potential mimotopes and pave the way to Ag-specific depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Mayer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Ng JKM, Malotka J, Kawakami N, Derfuss T, Khademi M, Olsson T, Linington C, Odaka M, Tackenberg B, Prüss H, Schwab JM, Harms L, Harms H, Sommer C, Rasband MN, Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Peles E, Hohlfeld R, Yuki N, Dornmair K, Meinl E. Neurofascin as a target for autoantibodies in peripheral neuropathies. Neurology 2012; 79:2241-8. [PMID: 23100406 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31827689ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We asked whether autoantibodies against neurofascin (NF)186 or NF155, both localized at the nodes of Ranvier, are present in serum of patients with inflammatory neuropathy, and whether NF-specific monoclonal antibodies are pathogenic in vivo. METHODS We cloned human NF155 and NF186, and developed an ELISA and cell-based assay to screen for antibodies to human NF in a total of 434 donors including 294 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome variants acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), acute motor axonal neuropathy, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We characterized reactive samples by isotyping, tissue section staining, and epitope mapping. We also injected NF-specific monoclonal antibodies IV into rats with experimental autoimmune neuritis. RESULTS We detected autoantibodies to NF by ELISA in 4% of patients with AIDP and CIDP, but not in controls. Most positive samples contained immunoglobulin G (IgG)1, IgG3, or IgG4 antibodies directed to only one isoform of NF. Two patients with CIDP showed particularly high (1:10,000 dilution) NF155-specific reactivity in both assays and stained paranodes. Two other patients with CIDP who benefited from plasma exchange exhibited antibodies to NF155 by ELISA, and upon affinity purification, antibodies to both isoforms were observed by both assays. Anti-NF monoclonal antibodies enhanced and prolonged induced neuritis in rats. CONCLUSIONS Autoantibodies to NF are detected in a very small proportion of patients with AIDP and patients with CIDP, but may nevertheless be pathogenic in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy King Man Ng
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Kim SM, Bhonsle L, Besgen P, Nickel J, Backes A, Held K, Vollmer S, Dornmair K, Prinz JC. Analysis of the paired TCR α- and β-chains of single human T cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37338. [PMID: 22649519 PMCID: PMC3359365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the paired i.e. matching TCR α- and β-chain rearrangements of single human T cells is required for a precise investigation of clonal diversity, tissue distribution and specificity of protective and pathologic T-cell mediated immune responses. Here we describe a multiplex RT-PCR based technology, which for the first time allows for an unbiased analysis of the complete sequences of both α- and β-chains of TCR from single T cells. We validated our technology by the analysis of the pathologic T-cell infiltrates from tissue lesions of two T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases, psoriasis vulgaris (PV) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In both disorders we could detect various T cell clones as defined by multiple T cells with identical α- and β-chain rearrangements distributed across the tissue lesions. In PV, single cell TCR analysis of lesional T cells identified clonal CD8+ T cell expansions that predominated in the epidermis of psoriatic plaques. An MS brain lesion contained two dominant CD8+ T-cell clones that extended over the white and grey matter and meninges. In both diseases several clonally expanded T cells carried dual TCRs composed of one Vβ and two different Vα-chain rearrangements. These results show that our technology is an efficient instrument to analyse αβ-T cell responses with single cell resolution in man. It should facilitate essential new insights into the mechanisms of protective and pathologic immunity in many human T-cell mediated conditions and allow for resurrecting functional TCRs from any αβ-T cell of choice that can be used for investigating their specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Latika Bhonsle
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Petra Besgen
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Nickel
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Backes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Joerg C. Prinz
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Bruder J, Siewert K, Obermeier B, Malotka J, Scheinert P, Kellermann J, Ueda T, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Target specificity of an autoreactive pathogenic human γδ-T cell receptor in myositis. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:20986-95. [PMID: 22549773 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.356709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In polymyositis and inclusion body myositis, muscle fibers are surrounded and invaded by CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells expressing the αβ-T cell receptor (αβ-TCR) for antigen. In a rare variant of myositis, muscle fibers are similarly attacked by CD8-negative T cells expressing the γδ-TCR (γδ-T cell-mediated myositis). We investigated the antigen specificity of a human γδ-TCR previously identified in an autoimmune tissue lesion of γδ-T cell-mediated myositis. We show that this Vγ1.3Vδ2-TCR, termed M88, recognizes various proteins from different species. Several of these proteins belong to the translational apparatus, including some bacterial and human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AA-RS). Specifically, M88 recognizes histidyl-tRNA synthetase, an antigen known to be also targeted by autoantibodies called anti-Jo-1. The M88 target epitope is strictly conformational, independent of post-translational modification, and exposed on the surface of the respective antigenic protein. Extensive mutagenesis of the translation initiation factor-1 from Escherichia coli (EcIF1), which served as a paradigm antigen with known structure, showed that a short α-helical loop around amino acids 39 to 42 of EcIF1 is a major part of the M88 epitope. Mutagenesis of M88 showed that the complementarity determining regions 3 of both γδ-TCR chains contribute to antigen recognition. M88 is the only known example of a molecularly characterized γδ-TCR expressed by autoaggressive T cells in tissue. The observation that AA-RS are targeted by a γδ-T cell and by autoantibodies reveals an unexpected link between T cell and antibody responses in autoimmune myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bruder
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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36
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Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. What T-cell receptors can tell us about neurologic disease. Neurology 2012; 78:376-7. [PMID: 22238413 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318245d2f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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37
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Held K, Eiglmeier I, Himmelein S, Sinicina I, Brandt T, Theil D, Dornmair K, Derfuss T. Clonal expansions of CD8⁺ T cells in latently HSV-1-infected human trigeminal ganglia. J Neurovirol 2011; 18:62-8. [PMID: 22167486 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-011-0067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 latency in trigeminal ganglia (TG) is accompanied by a chronic immune cell infiltration. The aim of this study was to analyse the T-cell receptor β-chain repertoire in latently HSV-1 infected human TG. Using complementarity-determining region 3 spectratyping, 74 expanded β-chain sequences were identified in five TG. No clone appeared in more than one subject. Similar clones were present in the right and the left TG of two subjects. This indicates that these T cells are primed in the periphery and recognise the same antigen in the TG of both sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Held
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany
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38
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Ivanidze J, Hoffmann R, Lochmüller H, Engel AG, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Inclusion body myositis: laser microdissection reveals differential up-regulation of IFN-γ signaling cascade in attacked versus nonattacked myofibers. Am J Pathol 2011; 179:1347-59. [PMID: 21855683 PMCID: PMC3157228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a muscle disease with two separate pathogenic components, degeneration and inflammation. Typically, nonnecrotic myofibers are focally surrounded and invaded by CD8(+) T cells and macrophages. Both attacked and nonattacked myofibers express high levels of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules, a prerequisite for antigen presentation to CD8(+) T cells. However, only a subgroup of HLA-I(+) myofibers is attacked by immune cells. By using IHC, we classified myofibers from five patients with sporadic IBM as attacked (A(IBM)) or nonattacked (N(IBM)) and isolated the intracellular contents of myofibers separately by laser microdissection. For comparison, we isolated myofibers from control persons (H(CTRL)). The samples were analyzed by microarray hybridization and quantitative PCR. HLA-I up-regulation was observed in A(IBM) and N(IBM), whereas H(CTRL) were negative for HLA-I. In contrast, the inducible chain of the interferon (IFN) γ receptor (IFNGR2) and several IFN-γ-induced genes were up-regulated in A(IBM) compared with N(IBM) and H(CTRL) fibers. Confocal microscopy confirmed segmental IFNGR2 up-regulation on the membranes of A(IBM), which positively correlated with the number of adjacent CD8(+) T cells. Thus, the differential up-regulation of the IFN-γ signaling cascade observed in the attacked fibers is related to local inflammation, whereas the ubiquitous HLA-I expression on IBM muscle fibers does not require IFNGR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ivanidze
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hoffmann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universitaet Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- The Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G. Engel
- Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
- Address reprint requests to Reinhard Hohlfeld, M.D., or Klaus Dornmair, Ph.D., Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
- Address reprint requests to Reinhard Hohlfeld, M.D., or Klaus Dornmair, Ph.D., Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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39
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Probstel AK, Dornmair K, Bittner R, Sperl P, Jenne D, Magalhaes S, Villalobos A, Breithaupt C, Weissert R, Jacob U, Krumbholz M, Kuempfel T, Blaschek A, Stark W, Gartner J, Pohl D, Rostasy K, Weber F, Forne I, Khademi M, Olsson T, Brilot F, Tantsis E, Dale RC, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R, Banwell B, Bar-Or A, Meinl E, Derfuss T. Antibodies to MOG are transient in childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurology 2011; 77:580-8. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318228c0b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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40
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Obermeier B, Lovato L, Mentele R, Brück W, Forne I, Imhof A, Lottspeich F, Turk KW, Willis SN, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R, Hafler DA, O'Connor KC, Dornmair K. Related B cell clones that populate the CSF and CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis produce CSF immunoglobulin. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 233:245-8. [PMID: 21353315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the overlap shared between the immunoglobulin (Ig) proteome of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the B cell Ig-transcriptome of CSF and the central nervous system (CNS) tissue of three patients with multiple sclerosis. We determined the IgG-proteomes of CSF by mass spectrometry, and compared them to the IgG-transcriptomes from CSF and brain lesions, which were analyzed by cDNA cloning. Characteristic peptides that were identified in the CSF-proteome could also be detected in the transcriptomes of both, brain lesions and CSF, providing evidence for a strong overlap of the IgG repertoires in brain lesions and in the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Obermeier
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Cordiglieri C, Odoardi F, Zhang B, Nebel M, Kawakami N, Klinkert WEF, Lodygin D, Lühder F, Breunig E, Schild D, Ulaganathan VK, Dornmair K, Dammermann W, Potter BVL, Guse AH, Flügel A. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate-mediated calcium signalling in effector T cells regulates autoimmunity of the central nervous system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 133:1930-43. [PMID: 20519328 PMCID: PMC2892943 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate represents a newly identified second messenger in T cells involved in antigen receptor-mediated calcium signalling. Its function in vivo is, however, unknown due to the lack of biocompatible inhibitors. Using a recently developed inhibitor, we explored the role of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate in autoreactive effector T cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the animal model for multiple sclerosis. We provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that calcium signalling controlled by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate is relevant for the pathogenic potential of autoimmune effector T cells. Live two photon imaging and molecular analyses revealed that nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate signalling regulates T cell motility and re-activation upon arrival in the nervous tissues. Treatment with the nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate inhibitor significantly reduced both the number of stable arrests of effector T cells and their invasive capacity. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma and interleukin-17 were strongly diminished. Consecutively, the clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis were ameliorated. In vitro, antigen-triggered T cell proliferation and cytokine production were evenly suppressed. These inhibitory effects were reversible: after wash-out of the nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate antagonist, the effector T cells fully regained their functions. The nicotinic acid derivative BZ194 induced this transient state of non-responsiveness specifically in post-activated effector T cells. Naïve and long-lived memory T cells, which express lower levels of the putative nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate receptor, type 1 ryanodine receptor, were not targeted. T cell priming and recall responses in vivo were not reduced. These data indicate that the nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate/calcium signalling pathway is essential for the recruitment and the activation of autoaggressive effector T cells within their target organ. Interference with this signalling pathway suppresses the formation of autoimmune inflammatory lesions and thus might qualify as a novel strategy for the treatment of T cell mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cordiglieri
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute for Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
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Lahl K, Mayer CT, Bopp T, Huehn J, Loddenkemper C, Eberl G, Wirnsberger G, Dornmair K, Geffers R, Schmitt E, Buer J, Sparwasser T. Nonfunctional regulatory T cells and defective control of Th2 cytokine production in natural scurfy mutant mice. J Immunol 2009; 183:5662-72. [PMID: 19812199 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for preventing autoimmunity. We have demonstrated that depletion of Foxp3(+) Tregs results in the development of a scurfy-like disease, indicating that Foxp3(-) effector T cells are sufficient to induce autoimmunity. It has been postulated that nonfunctional Tregs carrying potentially self-reactive T cell receptors may contribute to scurfy (sf) pathogenesis due to enhanced recognition of self. Those cells, however, could not be identified in sf mutants due to the lack of Foxp3 protein expression. To address this issue, we crossed the natural sf mouse mutant with bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic DEREG (depletion of regulatory T cells) mice. Since DEREG mice express GFP under the control of an additional Foxp3 promoter, those crossings allowed proving the existence of "would-be" Tregs, which are characterized by GFP expression in the absence of functional Foxp3. Sf Tregs lost their in vitro suppressive capacity. This correlated with a substantial reduction of intracellular cAMP levels, whereas surface expression of Treg markers was unaffected. Both GFP(+) and GFP(-) sf cells produced high amounts of Th2-type cytokines, reflected also by enhanced Gata-3 expression, when tested in vitro. Nevertheless, sf Tregs could be induced in vitro, although with lower efficiency than DEREG Tregs. Transfer of GFP(+) sf Tregs, in contrast to GFP(-) sf T cells, into RAG1-deficient animals did not cause the sf phenotype. Taken together, natural and induced Tregs develop in the absence of Foxp3 in sf mice, which lack both suppressive activity and autoreactive potential, but rather display a Th2-biased phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lahl
- Institut fuer Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
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Dornmair K, Meinl E, Hohlfeld R. Novel approaches for identifying target antigens of autoreactive human B and T cells. Semin Immunopathol 2009; 31:467-77. [PMID: 19763575 PMCID: PMC2845891 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-009-0179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific immune responses in multiple sclerosis have been studied for decades, but the target antigens of the putatively autoaggressive B and T cells still remain elusive. Here, we summarize recent strategies which are based on the direct analysis of biopsy or autopsy specimens from patients. Since this material is extremely scarce, the experimental methods need to be exceptionally sensitive. We describe technologies to distinguish (auto) aggressive T cells from irrelevant bystander lymphocytes by analyzing clonal expansions in relation to the morphological location of the cells in the tissue lesions. We then discuss approaches to clone matching α- and β-chains of the antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) molecules from single T cells. This is necessary because usually, several clones are expanded and are diluted by many irrelevant cells. The matching TCR chains from individual T cells can be resurrected in hybridoma cells which may then be used for antigen searches. We discuss strategies to identify antigens of γδ- and αβ-TCR molecules, such as biochemical methods, candidate antigens, human leukocyte antigen requirements, synthetic peptide, and cDNA libraries. These strategies are tailored to characterize the antigens of the membrane-anchored, low-affinity TCR molecules. The strategies to identify (auto) reactive B cells or immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules are fundamentally different, because Ig molecules are water-soluble and have high affinities. We further discuss proteome-based approaches, techniques that analyze Ig-chains from single B cells, and a repertoire-based method that compares Ig-proteomes and Ig-transcriptomes. The first method detects Ig antigens directly, whereas the latter two methods allow reconstruction of Ig molecules, which can be used for antigen searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dornmair
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND According to established criteria, paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis with adrenal neuroblastoma comprises a definite paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome. OBJECTIVE To detect T-cell clones that cross-react against antigens shared between tumor and nervous system. DESIGN Case study. SETTING Academic research. Patient A 22-year-old woman having paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis with adrenal neuroblastoma. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We compared the T-cell receptor repertoires expressed in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuroblastoma tumor tissue using complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) spectratyping and clone-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The T-cell receptor repertoire in cerebrospinal fluid was narrow compared with that in tumor and blood. Four T-cell clones from different tissues had identical T-cell receptor beta chains. Remarkably, the chains showed identical amino acid sequences but different nucleotide sequences. CONCLUSIONS These T cells represent ontogenetically distinct clones but share functionally identical receptors. They recognize the same antigen in nervous system and tumor tissue and represent an attractive target for selective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Pellkofer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology,University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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45
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Schwab N, Bien CG, Waschbisch A, Becker A, Vince GH, Dornmair K, Wiendl H. CD8+ T-cell clones dominate brain infiltrates in Rasmussen encephalitis and persist in the periphery. Brain 2009; 132:1236-46. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pellkofer H, Voltz R, Dornmair K. T- und B-Zell-Rezeptor-Repertoire bei Antikörper-assoziierten paraneoplastischen neurologischen Erkrankungen. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hohlfeld R, Meinl E, Dornmair K. B- and T-cell responses in multiple sclerosis: novel approaches offer new insights. J Neurol Sci 2008; 274:5-8. [PMID: 18707694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Revised: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), several target antigens of encephalitogenic T- and B-cell responses have been identified. However, in human multiple sclerosis (MS) the target antigens of pathogenic T and B cells have remained conjectural. Here we discuss how recent methodological advances have offered new insights into the nature of B- and T-cell receptor repertoires expressed in MS tissues, and how novel approaches have helped to identify neurofascin as a target of anti-axonal autoantibodies in MS and EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Hohlfeld
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, Am Klopferspitz, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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Leder C, Schwab N, Ip CW, Kroner A, Nave KA, Dornmair K, Martini R, Wiendl H. Clonal expansions of pathogenic CD8+ effector cells in the CNS of myelin mutant mice. Mol Cell Neurosci 2007; 36:416-24. [PMID: 17889554 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2007.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage in the CNS is critically influenced by the adaptive immune system. Primary oligodendrocyte damage (by overexpression of PLP) leads to low-grade inflammation of high pathological impact, which is mediated by CD8+ T cells. To yield further insight into pathogenesis and nature of immune responses in myelin mutated mice, we here apply a detailed immunological characterization of CD8+ T cells in PLP-transgenic and aged wild type mice. We provide evidence that T effector cells accumulate in the CNS of PLP-transgenic and wild-type mice and show a higher level of activation in mutant mice, indicated by surface markers and clonal expansions, as demonstrated by T cell receptor CDR3-spectratype analysis. Vbeta-Jbeta similarities suggest specificity against a common antigen, albeit we could not find specific responses against myelin-antigen-derived peptides. The association of primary oligodendrocyte damage with secondary expansions of pathogenic cells underlines the role of adaptive immune reactions in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Leder
- Department of Neurology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Junker A, Ivanidze J, Malotka J, Eiglmeier I, Lassmann H, Wekerle H, Meinl E, Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K. Multiple sclerosis: T-cell receptor expression in distinct brain regions. Brain 2007; 130:2789-99. [PMID: 17890278 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awm214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease where T cells attack the brain and the spinal cord. It is known that often particular T-cell clones are expanded in the target tissue, but it is still unknown, whether identical T-cell clones are present at distinct anatomical sites, or whether the T-cell spectrum is locally diverse. Therefore we compared the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in distinct lesions and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) from post-mortem brains of four MS patients. We analysed 19 lesions (inactive demyelinated, 15; slowly expanding chronic, 3; active lesions, 1) and 5 NAWM regions. The TCR beta-chain repertoire was investigated by CDR3 spectratyping. For each anatomical site 325 semi-nested PCR reactions were performed. About 800 Vbeta-NDN-Jbeta combinations were sequenced. Each of the four patients had distinct T-cell clones that were present in more than two anatomically distinct regions. These clones were not restricted to lesions, but were also present in NAWM. Some clones were present in all investigated lesions, and additionally, in NAWM sites. A single T-cell clone was detected in nine different sites in one patient. None of the clones was shared among different patients. Thus, pervasive T-cell clones exist in distinct regions of MS brain, and these clones are 'private' (unique) to individual patients. Analysis of the hypervariable NDN region revealed 'silent' nucleotide exchanges, i.e. nucleotide exchanges that code for identical amino acids. Such silent nucleotide exchanges suggest that the corresponding T-cell clones were recruited and stimulated by particular antigens. To attribute some of the pervasive clones to particular T-cell subsets, we isolated individual CD8+ T cells from cryosections by laser microdissection and characterized their TCR by single-cell PCR. These experiments revealed that at least some of the pervasive T-cell clones belonged to the CD8+ compartment, supporting the pathogenic relevance of this T-cell subset.
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MESH Headings
- Brain/immunology
- Brain Chemistry
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Clone Cells
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta
- Humans
- Major Histocompatibility Complex
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism
- Mutation
- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/analysis
- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Junker
- Institute for Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig Maximilians University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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