1
|
Chen X, Dong Y, Hunt K, Zhuang J. Counterterrorism resource allocation during a pandemic: The effects of dynamic target valuations when facing a strategic terrorist. Risk Anal 2023; 43:1235-1253. [PMID: 35840122 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of pandemics such as COVID-19 can result in cascading effects for global systemic risk. To combat an ongoing pandemic, governmental resources are largely allocated toward supporting the health of the public and economy. This shift in attention can lead to security vulnerabilities which are exploited by terrorists. In view of this, counterterrorism during a pandemic is of critical interest to the safety and well-being of the global society. Most notably, the population flows among potential targets are likely to change in conjunction with the trend of the health crisis, which leads to fluctuations in target valuations. In this situation, a new challenge for the defender is to optimally allocate his/her resources among targets that have changing valuations, where his/her intention is to minimize the expected losses from potential terrorist attacks. In order to deal with this challenge, in this paper, we first develop a defender-attacker game in sequential form, where the target valuations can change as a result of the pandemic. Then we analyze the effects of a pandemic on counterterrorism resource allocation from the perspective of dynamic target valuations. Finally, we provide some examples to display the theoretical results, and present a case study to illustrate the usability of our proposed model during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Center for Network Big Data and Decision-Making, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Dong
- Center for Network Big Data and Decision-Making, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pavey T, Wharton L, Polman R, Hunt K, Gray C, Quested E. A rugby league weight loss program for men – League-FIT: Preliminary results from a pilot study. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
3
|
Xia L, Chen B, Hunt K, Zhuang J, Song C. Food Safety Awareness and Opinions in China: A Social Network Analysis Approach. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182909. [PMID: 36141035 PMCID: PMC9498558 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent years, food safety has garnered widespread attention and concern from society. Concurrently, social media sites and online forums have become popular platforms to disseminate news, share opinions, and connect with one’s social network. In this research, we focus on the intersection of food safety and online social networking by utilizing natural language processing techniques and social network analysis to study public opinions related to food safety. Using real data collected from a popular Chinese question-and-answer platform, we first identify hot topics related to food safety, and then analyze the emotional state of users in each community (i.e., users communicating about the same topic) to understand the public’s sentiment related to different food safety topics. We proceed by forming semantic networks to analyze the characteristics of food safety opinion networks. Our results show that Internet users form modular communities, each with differences in topics of concern and emotional states of community users. Users focus on a wide range of topics, showing that overall, food safety awareness is increasing. This paper provides novel insights that can help interested stakeholders monitor the discussions and opinions related to food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- State-Owned Assets Management Department, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Management Science and Systems, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Cen Song
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102200, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hunt K, Herron J. 1030 Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Medical Students Knowledge of Plastic Surgery Emergencies? Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study was to look at the teaching and knowledge of plastic surgery emergencies and referral criteria in medical students from 3rd to 5th year.
Method
400 students were sent a survey via email and invited to participate 278 replied (69.7%). Students were asked 20 questions including demographics, if they were interested in surgery/ED, if they had teaching in B+P and what type, if there was clinical exposure, how to classify TBSA and factors deciding considered in classifying the burn, if they were confident to treat a burn, when to make a referral and burn mechanisms, common complications of burns, what is a flap and types and how to assess, what a plastic surgeon does.
Results
58% (161) declared an interest in surgery or ED, 32% (88) had teaching in B+P with 63% (252) attending a lecture and 5% (13) a formal Placement, others were adhoc and 21% (59) had clinical exposure. 74% (205) identified depth as important, 42% (117) TBSA. 58% (161) could not classify TBSA, 97% (271) did not feel confident treating a burn + only 8% (32) knowing when to refer although most could identify mechanisms. 92% (368) knew infection was a complication but only 1 knew why smoking was contraindicated. 1 student knew what a flap was with non able to classify or assess. few could identify what B+P do.
Conclusions
There is a lack of consistent undergraduate education on plastic emergencies and knowledge, perhaps resulting from less experience from cancelled placement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hunt
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - J Herron
- Sunderland University , Sunderland , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hunt K, Agarwal P, Zhuang J. Monitoring Misinformation on Twitter During Crisis Events: A Machine Learning Approach. Risk Anal 2022; 42:1728-1748. [PMID: 33190276 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Social media has been increasingly utilized to spread breaking news and risk communications during disasters of all magnitudes. Unfortunately, due to the unmoderated nature of social media platforms such as Twitter, rumors and misinformation are able to propagate widely. Given this, a surfeit of research has studied false rumor diffusion on Twitter, especially during natural disasters. Within this domain, studies have also focused on the misinformation control efforts from government organizations and other major agencies. A prodigious gap in research exists in studying the monitoring of misinformation on social media platforms in times of disasters and other crisis events. Such studies would offer organizations and agencies new tools and ideologies to monitor misinformation on platforms such as Twitter, and make informed decisions on whether or not to use their resources in order to debunk. In this work, we fill the research gap by developing a machine learning framework to predict the veracity of tweets that are spread during crisis events. The tweets are tracked based on the veracity of their content as either true, false, or neutral. We conduct four separate studies, and the results suggest that our framework is capable of tracking multiple cases of misinformation simultaneously, with F 1 $F_1$ scores exceeding 87%. In the case of tracking a single case of misinformation, our framework reaches an F 1 $F_1$ score of 83%. We collect and drive the algorithms with 15,952 misinformation-related tweets from the Boston Marathon bombing (2013), Manchester Arena bombing (2017), Hurricane Harvey (2017), Hurricane Irma (2017), and the Hawaii ballistic missile false alert (2018). This article provides novel insights on how to efficiently monitor misinformation that is spread during disasters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Puneet Agarwal
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hunt K, Amend D, Ludwig R, Vick B, Wirth AK, Herold T, Jeremias I. Streamlining preclinical in vivo treatment trials by multiplexing
genetically labelled PDX models in a single mouse. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hunt
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
| | - D Amend
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
| | - R Ludwig
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich,
Germany
| | - B Vick
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich,
Germany
| | - AK Wirth
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
| | - T Herold
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III,
University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - I Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich,
Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich,
Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian
University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, staying home proved to be an effective way to mitigate the spread of the virus. Stay-at-home orders and guidelines were issued by governments across the globe and were followed by a large portion of the population in the early stages of the outbreak when there was a lack of COVID-specific medical knowledge. The decision of whether to stay home came with many trade-offs, such as risking personal exposure to the virus when leaving home or facing financial and mental health burdens when remaining home. In this research, we study how individuals make strategic decisions to balance these conflicting outcomes. We present a model to study individuals’ decision making based on decision and prospect theory, and we conduct sensitivity analysis to study the fluctuations in optimal strategies when there are changes made to the model’s parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation is implemented to further study the performance of our model, and we compare our simulation results with real data that captures individuals’ stay-at-home decisions. Overall, this research models and analyzes the behaviors of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic and can help support decision making regarding control measures and policy development when public health emergencies appear in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Wan
- Business School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | - Xuanhua Xu
- Business School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong Y, Chen X, Hunt K, Zhuang J. Defensive Resource Allocation: The Roles of Forecast Information and Risk Control. Risk Anal 2021; 41:1304-1322. [PMID: 33175412 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In defensive resource allocation problems, the defender usually collects some forecast information about the attacker. However, the forecast information may be incorrect, which means that there could be a risk associated with the defender using it in their decision making. In this article, we propose a forecast and risk control (FRC) framework to manage the risk in defensive resource allocation with forecast information. In the FRC framework, we introduce a new measure of risk and three types of defense plans: riskless defense plan, risky defense plan, and risk-control defense plan. Several desirable properties based on the concepts of reward and penalty show that the risk-control defense plan is a general form to support defensive resource allocation. Subsequently, we study a specific defensive allocation problem with forecast information and develop an optimization model that considers the forecast information and the defender's risk tolerance level in order to obtain the risk-control defense plan with maximum reward. Furthermore, we provide some numerical analysis to illustrate the effects of forecast information and risk tolerance level on the risk-control defense plan. Finally, a numerical case study is presented to demonstrate the usability of a risk-control defense plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Dong
- Center for Network Big Data and Decision-Making, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Center for Network Big Data and Decision-Making, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sweeter JM, Kudrna K, Hunt K, Thomes P, Dickey BF, Brody SL, Dickinson JD. Autophagy of mucin granules contributes to resolution of airway mucous metaplasia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13037. [PMID: 34158522 PMCID: PMC8219712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exacerbations of muco-obstructive airway diseases such as COPD and asthma are associated with epithelial changes termed mucous metaplasia (MM). Many molecular pathways triggering MM have been identified; however, the factors that regulate resolution are less well understood. We hypothesized that the autophagy pathway is required for resolution of MM by eliminating excess non-secreted intracellular mucin granules. We found increased intracellular levels of mucins Muc5ac and Muc5b in mice deficient in autophagy regulatory protein, Atg16L1, and that this difference was not due to defects in the known baseline or stimulated mucin secretion pathways. Instead, we found that, in mucous secretory cells, Lc3/Lamp1 vesicles colocalized with mucin granules particularly adjacent to the nucleus, suggesting that some granules were being eliminated in the autophagy pathway rather than secreted. Using a mouse model of MM resolution, we found increased lysosomal proteolytic activity that peaked in the days after mucin production began to decline. In purified lysosomal fractions, Atg16L1-deficient mice had reduced proteolytic degradation of Lc3 and Sqstm1 and persistent accumulation of mucin granules associated with impaired resolution of mucous metaplasia. In normal and COPD derived human airway epithelial cells (AECs), activation of autophagy by mTOR inhibition led to a reduction of intracellular mucin granules in AECs. Our findings indicate that during peak and resolution phases of MM, autophagy activity rather than secretion is required for elimination of some remaining mucin granules. Manipulation of autophagy activation offers a therapeutic target to speed resolution of MM in airway disease exacerbations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Sweeter
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - K Kudrna
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - K Hunt
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - P Thomes
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - B F Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - J D Dickinson
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
McMeekin N, Hunt K, Brown A, Tweed E, Pell J, Craig P, Leyland A, Conaglen P, Boyd K. Economic impacts of implementing a national smoke-free prison policy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Worldwide, over 600,000 non-smokers are killed annually due to exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS); the UK societal cost of SHS is estimated at £700million per annum. Prior to recent smoke free policy in Scottish prisons smoking rates were very high (70-75%), well above population rates, subjecting people in custody (PiC) and prison staff to high levels of SHS. Eradicating SHS exposure in prisons could lead to improved health in previous smokers and non-smokers alike, and decrease demand on the National Health Service. However, to date, there is little evidence relating to the economic impact of smoking bans in prisons.
Methods
An economic evaluation estimating the short-term and lifetime impacts of smokefree prison policy in Scotland policy used data from the TIPs study (Jun 2016-Nov 2019) for prison staff and PiC. The analyses adopted a public health and personal perspective and key resources included: implementation costs, cessation support services, health service use and personal costs. For the short-term analyses data were sourced from TIPs staff and PiC surveys, and routine data from the Scottish Prison Service and NHS National Services Scotland. Outcomes included SHS exposure, staff sickness absence, violent incidents and quality adjusted life years (QALYs). The life-time analysis used a Markov model to estimate cost per QALY for both staff and PiC.
Results
SHS exposure measures show a median reduction of 91%. Costs and economic outcome results (mean cost pre- and post-ban, cost-consequences balance sheet and incremental cost per QALYs) are confidential until May 2020 due to their sensitivity and will be available to present at EUPHA 2020.
Conclusions
Previous economic evaluations have focussed on smoking bans in public places and raising the smoking age. This is the first economic analysis of a national prison smoking ban and analysis will be of interest to prison services in other jurisdictions which have yet to implement smokefree policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N McMeekin
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, UK
| | - A Brown
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, UK
| | - E Tweed
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P Craig
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Leyland
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P Conaglen
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - K Boyd
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leyland A, Tweed E, Byrne T, Conaglen P, Craig P, Graham L, McMeekin N, Boyd K, Pell J, Hunt K. Smokefree policy and medication dispensing for people in prison: interrupted time series analysis. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous evaluations of smokefree prison policies have suggested improvements in self-rated health and some smoking-related symptoms. No studies to date have investigated impacts on medication use as proxy measures of objective ill-health or as indicators of potential negative unintended consequences. These is limited evidence to date on these important outcomes.
Methods
We obtained from NHS National Services Scotland aggregate data on medication items dispensed in prisons, based on individual named patient medication records, and from the Scottish Prison Service data on the prison population, for the period Jan 2013-Nov 2019. Items of interest comprised those for smoking cessation (varenicline and buproprion); nicotine replacement; specific smoking-related health conditions (glyceryl trinitrate; inhaled bronchodilators and steroids; antibiotics; chloramphenicol eye drops; and proton pump inhibitors and H2 receptor antagonists), and potential unintended mental health consequences (anti-depressants). We also included a set of negative controls for which dispensing was not expected to be affected by the new smokefree policy (anticonvulsants, excluding pregabalin and gabapentin). Analyses were undertaken using AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time series methods, with the dates of the policy's announcement and of implementation included as pre-specified breakpoints.
Results
The results of ARIMA modelling of medication dispensing are confidential until May 2020 due to their sensitivity and will be available to present at WCPH 2020.
Conclusions
The use of routinely available dispensing data as an indicator of objective health impacts and potential negative unintended consequences provides novel insights into the effectiveness of smokefree prison policies. Results will be of interest to international jurisdictions considering such policies and to those seeking to harness the potential of administrative data for natural experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Leyland
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - E Tweed
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - T Byrne
- Public Health and Social Care, ISD, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Conaglen
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Craig
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Graham
- Public Health and Social Care, ISD, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N McMeekin
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Boyd
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Welford J, Rafferty R, Hunt K, Duncan L, Richardson O, Ward A, Rushton C, Short D, Greystoke A. CN14 The utility of a brief clinical frailty scale (CFS) in predicting prognosis and discharge destination in oncology inpatients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
13
|
Brown A, Eadie D, Purves R, Demou E, Mitchell D, O'Donnell R, Ford A, Bauld L, Sweeting H, Hunt K. Opinions and experiences of a national smokefree prison policy: evidence from the TIPs study. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Removal of tobacco from prisons poses distinct challenges, as prisons are 'homes' and smoking rates are high. TIPs is unique in comprehensively studying a smoking ban using data collected before, during and after the ban. This paper presents opinions and experiences of people in custody (PiC) and staff in Scotland, and identifies implementation success factors and lessons that are highly relevant for other jurisdictions and areas of public health.
Methods
Surveys of staff and PiC (response rates) were conducted in Nov-Dec 2016 (27%, 34%), May-Jul 2018 (31%, 26%) and May-Jul 2019 (16%, 18%), with questions on smoking, smoking cessation/abstinence and smoking restrictions in the prison context. Topics were also explored qualitatively with staff/PiC at similar time points (34 focus groups, 99 interviews). Survey responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses. Qualitative data were thematically analysed to identify the diversity of views and experiences.
Results
Smokefree policy is widely accepted as the new 'norm', but support was higher among staff than PiC before, during and after implementation. Surveys and qualitative data suggest perceptions of some of the potential difficulties (e.g. 'hard to enforce') and negative consequences (e.g. 'cause a lot of trouble') of smokefree policy reduced post implementation. Participants identified several implementation success factors relating to: planning and communication, smoking abstinence/cessation products/services, and partnership working.
Conclusions
Smokefree prison polices can be successfully implemented, providing the removal of tobacco is well managed and support measures are available for smokers. Some factors shaping the successful introduction of smokefree prisons in Scotland are relevant to other areas of public health transformation e.g. setting clear objectives and timescales; collaboration and teamwork; and involving staff at all levels and end-users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Brown
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - D Eadie
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - R Purves
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - E Demou
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D Mitchell
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - R O'Donnell
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - A Ford
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - L Bauld
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - H Sweeting
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Best C, Brown A, Semple S, Hunt K. How does smokefree policy impact nicotine-related and other prisoner spend (e.g. HFSS foods)? Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
People in custody (PiC) have poor health compared to the general population, in part due to high smoking rates. Scotland's prisons became smokefree in 2018. Rechargeable e-cigarettes became available a few weeks before the removal of tobacco from the 'canteen' (prison shop for PiC).
Methods
Routinely collected weekly 'canteen' purchase data (no of units of given product purchased by an individual by date) were available for 29-7-18 to 31-3-19 (2112638 rows of data, 645 unique products). Products were categorised into: tobacco; e-cigarettes; food/drink; communication; hygiene; NRT; other and graphed as mean/person/week, for 'smokers' and 'non-smokers' (at baseline). Spend by product type pre- and post-implementation was compared in PiC for 31+ weeks over this period, using mixed effects models.
Results
Mean weekly spend for 'smokers' in custody for 31+ weeks over the pre-post ban comparison period (n = 2541) decreased from £21.36 to £19.80; mean weekly nicotine-related spend reduced from £6.64 (pre-) to £5.55 (post-) (p < 0.001), but showed an increasing trend in nicotine-related spend (£0.08/week) post-ban. No changes were seen for 'non-smokers' (n = 342) overall) or in nicotine-related spend. Trends in mean spend for other products remained flat, suggesting positive transfers of spend noted in qualitative interviews over a comparable period were not evident at population level.
Conclusions
Whilst there are benefits of removing tobacco from prisons, for staff and PiC, previously heavy smokers may find (mandated) tobacco abstinence difficult. Some jurisdictions have made e-cigarettes available to support people quitting/managing without tobacco, but long-term implications of e-cigarette use in this population are as yet unknown. When the introduction of smokefree policy is facilitated by the introduction of e-cigarettes, nicotine spend by PiC may remain high; the implications for whether or not PiC return to smoking on release from custody are unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Best
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - A Brown
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Semple
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Demou E, Dobson R, Sweeting H, Brown A, Sidwell S, O'Donnell R, Hunt K, Semple S. Changes in exposure to second-hand smoke following a smoking ban across a national prison system. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Prisons were one of few workplaces where smoking was still permitted after the smoking ban in indoor public places in Scotland in 2006. This study compares SHS exposure assessments in Scotland's 15 prisons six months after smokefree policy was introduced (in Nov 2018) with levels measured in 2016 before the policy was announced.
Methods
In 2016, 128,431 mins of PM2.5 (marker of SHS) concentration data were collected from residential halls and 2,860 mins for 'task-based' measures; 2019 figures were 126,777 and 3,073 mins. Six days of fixed-site monitoring in halls in each prison commenced on 22.5.19. Task-based measurements were conducted to assess SHS for specific locations and activities (e.g. cell searches). Typical daily PM2.5 exposure profiles were constructed for the prison service and time-weighted average exposure concentrations were estimated for shift patterns for residential staff pre- and post-implementation of the policy. Staff self-reports of exposure to SHS were gathered via surveys.
Results
Measured PM2.5 in residential halls declined markedly; median fixed-site concentrations reduced by > 91% compared to baseline. Changes in the task-based measurements (89% average decrease for high-exposure tasks) and time-weighted average concentrations across shifts (>90% decrease across all shifts), provide evidence that staff exposure to SHS has significantly reduced. The percentage of staff reporting no exposure to SHS rose post-ban.
Conclusions
This is the first study to objectively measure SHS levels before, during and after implementation of smokefree policy across a country's prison system. The dramatic reduction in SHS exposures confirm complementary qualitative data and stakeholder reports of the ban's success in removing tobacco. The findings show that SHS can be effectively eliminated through a well-applied smoking ban in the challenging context of prisons; and are highly relevant for other jurisdictions considering changes to prison smoking rules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Demou
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Dobson
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - H Sweeting
- MRC Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Brown
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Sidwell
- Scottish Prison Service, SPS, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R O'Donnell
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Semple
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Agarwal P, Hunt K, Srinivasan S, Zhuang J. Fire Code Inspection and Compliance: A Game-Theoretic Model Between Fire Inspection Agencies and Building Owners. Decision Analysis 2020. [DOI: 10.1287/deca.2020.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fire-code inspection and compliance are among the highest priorities for fire-inspection agencies to reduce the loss of life and property that can result from fire incidents. Requirements for code compliance and inspection vary throughout towns and states within the United States, and building owners who violate these codes can be penalized via fines and mandated compliance measures. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the strategic behavior of players in a fire-code inspection process. This paper fills the gap by presenting the game-theoretic approach to modeling building owners’ behaviors with respect to fire-code compliance and the inspection strategies of fire-inspection agencies. Both a decentralized model (sequential game in which the fire-inspection agency moves first) and a centralized model (simultaneous game controlled by one central decision maker) are developed to identify the best inspection strategies for the agency and the best compliance strategies for the building owner. This study provides prescriptive insights that can enable policymakers to improve fire-code compliance and inspection by identifying the conditions that motivate the players to participate positively in the inspection and compliance processes. Numerical sensitivity analyses of the equilibrium strategies and the expected losses of the players are provided, along with a comparison of the results between the decentralized and centralized models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Agarwal
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| | | | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Forde R, Collin J, Brackenridge A, Chamley M, Hunt K, Forbes A. A qualitative study exploring the factors that influence the uptake of pre-pregnancy care among women with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1038-1048. [PMID: 31127872 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To elicit the views and experiences of women with Type 2 diabetes and healthcare professionals relating to the pregnancy and pre-pregnancy care they have received or provided. METHODS A qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews with women with Type 2 diabetes (n=30) and healthcare professionals (n=22) from primary and specialist care. Women were purposively sampled to include different experiences of pregnancy and pre-pregnancy care. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using Framework Analysis. RESULTS The median age of the women was 37 years, and most were obese (median BMI 34.9 kg/m2 ), of black or Asian ethnicity (n=24, 80%) and from areas of high deprivation (n=21, 70%). Participating healthcare professionals were from primary (n=14), intermediate (n=4) and secondary (n=4) care. Seven themes expressing factors that mediate reproductive behaviour and care in women with Type 2 diabetes were identified at the patient, professional and system levels. Type 2 diabetes was generally perceived negatively by the women and the healthcare professionals. There was a lack of awareness about the pre-pregnancy care needs for this population, and communication between both groups was unhelpful in eliciting the reproductive intentions of these women. The themes also reveal a lack of systemic processes to incorporate pre-pregnancy care into the care of women with Type 2 diabetes, and consequently, health professionals in primary care have limited capacity to provide such support. CONCLUSION If the current high levels of unprepared pregnancies in women with Type 2 diabetes are to be reduced, the reproductive healthcare needs of this group need to be embedded into their mainstream diabetes management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Forde
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College, London, UK
| | - J Collin
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College, London, UK
| | | | - M Chamley
- North Wood Group Practice, London, UK
| | - K Hunt
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Forbes
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song C, Guo C, Hunt K, Zhuang J. An Analysis of Public Opinions Regarding Take-Away Food Safety: A 2015-2018 Case Study on Sina Weibo. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040511. [PMID: 32325650 PMCID: PMC7230534 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Take-away food (also referred to as “take-out” food in different regions of the world) is a very convenient and popular dining choice for millions of people. In this article, we collect online textual data regarding “take-away food safety” from Sina Weibo between 2015 and 2018 using the Octopus Collector. After the posts from Sina Weibo were preprocessed, users’ emotions and opinions were analyzed using natural language processing. To our knowledge, little work has studied public opinions regarding take-away food safety. This paper fills this gap by using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and k-means to extract and cluster topics from the posts, allowing for the users’ emotions and related opinions to be mined and analyzed. The results of this research are as follows: (1) data analysis showed that the degree of topics have increased over the years, and there are a variety of topics about take-away food safety; (2) emotional analysis showed that 93.8% of the posts were positive; and (3) topic analysis showed that the topic of public discussion is diverse and rich. Our analysis of public opinion on take-away food safety generates insights for government and industry stakeholders to promote the healthy and vigorous development of the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cen Song
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Chunyu Guo
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; (C.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Kyle Hunt
- Department of Industrial and System Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Department of Industrial and System Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Greystoke A, Ward A, Welford J, Rushton C, Short D, Todd A, Rafferty R, Hunt K, Duncan L, Tanner L, Gardiner J. Implementation of the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) into the Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Trust lung cancer practice. Lung Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(20)30220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
20
|
Sharp P, Spence J, Bottorff J, Oliffe J, Hunt K, Vis-Dunbar M, Caperchione C. Meta-analysis of behaviour change interventions to increase physical activity among men. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
21
|
Caperchione C, Sharp P, Bottorff J, Oliffe J, Hunt K, Johnson S. “It was kind of my guys’ night out”: impact of a gender-sensitised lifestyle program on men's physical activity and mental health. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
Rhodes D, Hunt K, Conners A, Zingula S, Whaley D, Ellis R, Gasal Spilde J, Mehta R, Polley MY, O'Connor M, Hruska C. Abstract PD4-05: Molecular breast imaging and tomosynthesis to eliminate the reservoir of undetected cancer in dense breasts: The Density MATTERS trial. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd4-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
High mammographic breast density is the primary reason for missed cancers or delayed detection on mammography, and is associated with a higher rate of advanced and interval cancers which increase breast cancer mortality. Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to reduce false positive findings relative to 2D mammography but does not eliminate the potential for tumor masking in dense breasts due to the similar x-ray attenuation characteristics of tumors and normal fibroglandular tissue. Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) performed with a dedicated gamma camera to detect functional uptake of a radiotracer, Tc-99m sestamibi, has been shown to reveal breast cancers obscured by density on mammography. In single-institution studies, adding MBI to 2D mammography in women with dense breasts detected an additional 5 to10 invasive cancers per 1000 screened, with modest increases in recall rate (6 to 8%) at a lower cost-per-cancer detected than mammography alone. Despite this promising evidence, the lack of multicenter trial data has limited wider acceptance. Also, MBI has yet to be compared to DBT, which in some centers has replaced 2D mammography screening. We present interim results from a multicenter trial comparing cancer detection rate of DBT and MBI in screening of women with mammographically dense breasts.
Methods
In this ongoing, prospective, multicenter clinical trial, asymptomatic women aged 40-75 years with dense breasts on prior mammogram and no prior history of supplemental screening are invited to undergo two annual rounds of concurrent DBT and MBI. MBI is performed with injection of 300 MBq Tc-99m sestamibi with a dual-head semiconductor-based gamma camera. Screening tests are interpreted independently. Here, preliminary cancer detection rates (cancers per 1000 women screened), recall rates, and biopsy rates of DBT and MBI for initial screening are reported.
Results
In 537 women out of a planned 3000 who have completed the first round of screening, 7 cancers were detected: one by DBT only and 6 by MBI only, giving cancer detection rates of 1.9 for DBT vs. 11.2 for MBI and incremental cancer detection rate of 9.3 for MBI. The one DBT-only cancer was a node-negative 0.8 cm invasive lobular carcinoma. All 6 cancers detected by MBI were invasive; 5 of 6 were node negative (median size 1.0 cm; range 0.6 to 2.6 cm). Recall rate was 11% (60/537) for DBT alone; 16% (84/537) for MBI alone, and 21% (115/537) for the combination. Biopsy was prompted by DBT in 13 patients (PPV 8% [1/13]); by MBI in 23 patients (PPV 26% [6/23]); and by the combination of modalities in 33 (PPV 21% [7/33]).
Conclusion
These preliminary results demonstrate that MBI detects invasive breast cancers occult on DBT in dense breasts. Data from a second screening round will allow calculation of sensitivity and specificity, and determination of the impact of screening MBI in reducing advanced (> 2 cm) and interval cancers. Additional planned analyses will evaluate a denoising algorithm for further reduction in MBI radiation dose to match that of DBT.
Citation Format: Rhodes D, Hunt K, Conners A, Zingula S, Whaley D, Ellis R, Gasal Spilde J, Mehta R, Polley M-Y, O'Connor M, Hruska C. Molecular breast imaging and tomosynthesis to eliminate the reservoir of undetected cancer in dense breasts: The Density MATTERS trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD4-05.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Rhodes
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - K Hunt
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - A Conners
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - S Zingula
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - D Whaley
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - R Ellis
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - J Gasal Spilde
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - R Mehta
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - M-Y Polley
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - M O'Connor
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| | - C Hruska
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Franciscan Skemp Mayo Clinic Health System, Lacrosse, WI
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Parsons J, Sparrow K, Ismail K, Hunt K, Rogers H, Forbes A. A qualitative study exploring women's health behaviours after a pregnancy with gestational diabetes to inform the development of a diabetes prevention strategy. Diabet Med 2019; 36:203-213. [PMID: 30098217 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To inform targeted interventions for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by exploring the factors that influence their health behaviours and their preferences for lifestyle support. METHODS Participants were women with previous GDM taken from a diverse inner-city UK population. Data collection involved focus groups (n = 35 women in six groups) and semi-structured interviews (n = 15 women). The transcribed data were analysed using framework analysis. RESULTS Eight themes relating to factors influencing health behaviour were identified: psychological legacy of pregnancy, relationships with healthcare professionals, physical impacts of pregnancy, social support and cultural norms, life-scheduling, understanding and risk perception, appetite regulation, and prioritization of the baby. The women's recommendations for intervention components included addressing the emotional stress of pregnancy; conveying personalized risk in a motivational way, adopting a family-centered approach, focusing on women's health rather than just the infant's, and developing flexible interventions. These recommendations were used to construct a model integrating the behaviour-regulating factors with a suggested framework for intervention. CONCLUSIONS This study identified some common drivers that may regulate the health behaviours of women following GDM, and recognized some ways to improve care to impact on this. Interventions for diabetes prevention in this population need to address factors at both the individual and systemic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Parsons
- Adult Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Sparrow
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Ismail
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Hunt
- Diabetes Research Group, Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - H Rogers
- Diabetes Research Group, Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Forbes
- Adult Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Guo L, Kapur R, Aslam R, Hunt K, Hou Y, Zufferey A, Speck ER, Rondina MT, Lazarus AH, Ni H, Semple JW. Antiplatelet antibody-induced thrombocytopenia does not correlate with megakaryocyte abnormalities in murine immune thrombocytopenia. Scand J Immunol 2018; 88:e12678. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Guo
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- University of Utah; Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - R. Kapur
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Canadian Blood Services; Lund University; Canadian Blood Services; Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - R. Aslam
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
| | - K. Hunt
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Y. Hou
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Zufferey
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
| | - E. R. Speck
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
| | | | - A. H. Lazarus
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - H. Ni
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - J. W. Semple
- The Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group; Toronto ON Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON Canada
- Institute of Medical Science; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Canadian Blood Services; Lund University; Canadian Blood Services; Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine; Lund University; Lund Sweden. Department of Medicine; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada. Department of Pharmacology; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lei JT, Shao J, Zhang J, Iglesia M, Chan DW, Cao J, Anurag M, Singh P, Haricharan S, Kavuri SM, Matsunuma R, Schmidt C, Kosaka Y, Crowder R, Hoog J, Phommaly C, Goncalves R, Ramalho S, Rodrigues-Peres RM, Lai WC, Hampton O, Rogers A, Tobias E, Parikh P, Davies S, Ma C, Suman V, Hunt K, Watson M, Hoadley KA, Thompson A, Perou CM, Creighton CJ, Maher C, Ellis MJ. Abstract PD8-03: ESR1 gene fusions drive endocrine therapy resistance and metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-pd8-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. Dysregulation of the estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) is an established mechanism of inducing endocrine therapy resistance. We previously discovered a chromosomal translocation event generating an estrogen receptor gene fused in-frame to C-terminal sequences of YAP1 (ESR1-YAP1) that contributed to endocrine therapy resistance in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer models. This study compares functional, transcriptional, and pharmacological properties of additional ESR1 gene fusion events of both early stage (ESR1-NOP2) late stage (ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x) breast cancers to gain a better understanding of therapeutic resistance and metastasis. Understanding the role of ESR1 fusions in inducing metastasis is critical, since the primary cause of death in breast cancer patients is through metastasis to distant sites.
Methods. RNA-seq screens identified ESR1 fusions from early and late stage, endocrine therapy resistant breast tumor samples. Functional experiments were conducted using ER+ breast cancer cell lines, xenograft, and PDX models to test the ability of ESR1 fusions to induce therapeutic resistance and metastasis. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq were performed to examine transcriptional properties and differential gene expression induced by the fusions which directed subsequent pharmacological experiments with a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
Results. ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x promoted estrogen-independent and fulvestrant-resistant growth in vitro and induced greater tumor growth and increased metastatic capacity to the lungs of xenografted mice. In contrast, the ESR1-NOP2 fusion was sensitive to low estrogen conditions in vitro, and did not promote tumor growth. RNA-seq profiling revealed E2F targets pathway as the most highly enriched pathway induced by the ESR1 fusions. IHC revealed higher levels of pRb in ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x xenograft tumors and subsequent CDK4/6 inhibition completely blocked tumor growth in an ESR1-YAP1 PDX model. Integrating RNA-seq with ChIP-seq data, we discovered a set of EMT and metastasis genes bound by all ESR1 fusions and WT-ER, but whose expression was strongly and uniquely up-regulated only by the ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x fusions. These studies also revealed gained sites bound only by the ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x fusions, not bound by WT-ER nor ESR1-NOP2. Genes mapping to these sites have a role in metastatic biology and were highly up-regulated by the YAP1 and PCDH11x fusions, potentially mediated by long range transcriptional activation.
Conclusion. ESR1-YAP1 and ESR1-PCDH11x are driver fusions that occur in drug-resistant, advanced stage breast cancer and are a new class of recurrent somatic mutation that can cause acquired endocrine therapy resistance, yet can be treated with CDK4/6 inhibition. These driver fusions also confer increased metastatic ability through their ability to drive expression of genes that contribute to EMT and metastasis. In contrast, ESR1-NOP2 did not produce functional protein and appears to be a passenger event. These studies may provide pre-clinical rationale for targeting ESR1 translocated breast tumors, since the presence of an ESR1 driver fusion places a patient in a therapeutic category where none of the currently available endocrine therapies are likely to be effective.
Citation Format: Lei JT, Shao J, Zhang J, Iglesia M, Chan DW, Cao J, Anurag M, Singh P, Haricharan S, Kavuri SM, Matsunuma R, Schmidt C, Kosaka Y, Crowder R, Hoog J, Phommaly C, Goncalves R, Ramalho S, Rodrigues-Peres RM, Lai W-C, Hampton O, Rogers A, Tobias E, Parikh P, Davies S, Ma C, Suman V, Hunt K, Watson M, Hoadley KA, Thompson A, Perou CM, Creighton CJ, Maher C, Ellis MJ. ESR1 gene fusions drive endocrine therapy resistance and metastasis in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-03.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JT Lei
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Shao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Zhang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Iglesia
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DW Chan
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Cao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Anurag
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - P Singh
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Haricharan
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - SM Kavuri
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Matsunuma
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Schmidt
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Y Kosaka
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Crowder
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Hoog
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Phommaly
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Goncalves
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Ramalho
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - RM Rodrigues-Peres
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W-C Lai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - O Hampton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Rogers
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - E Tobias
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - P Parikh
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Davies
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Ma
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - V Suman
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Hunt
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Watson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - KA Hoadley
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Thompson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - CM Perou
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - CJ Creighton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Maher
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - MJ Ellis
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Brazil; Mayo Clinic; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hunt K, Cardoso F, Thrift-Perry M, Cabanes A, Cruz T, Faircloth K. Analysis of the gaps on metastatic breast cancer policies and advocacy efforts to support policy development across the patient journey in Asia. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx729.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
27
|
van de Glind I, Bunn C, Gray CM, Hunt K, Andersen E, Jelsma J, Morgan H, Pereira H, Roberts G, Rooksby J, Røynesdal Ø, Silva M, Sorensen M, Treweek S, van Achterberg T, van der Ploeg H, van Nassau F, Nijhuis-van der Sanden M, Wyke S. The intervention process in the European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) trial: a mixed method protocol for evaluation. Trials 2017; 18:356. [PMID: 28750673 PMCID: PMC5531072 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND EuroFIT is a gender-sensitised, health and lifestyle program targeting physical activity, sedentary time and dietary behaviours in men. The delivery of the program in football clubs, led by the clubs' community coaches, is designed to both attract and engage men in lifestyle change through an interest in football or loyalty to the club they support. The EuroFIT program will be evaluated in a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT), for which ~1000 overweight men, aged 30-65 years, will be recruited in 15 top professional football clubs in the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the UK. The process evaluation is designed to investigate how implementation within the RCT is achieved in the various football clubs and countries and the processes through which EuroFIT affects outcomes. METHODS This mixed methods evaluation is guided by the Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance for conducting process evaluations of complex interventions. Data will be collected in the intervention arm of the EuroFIT trial through: participant questionnaires (n = 500); attendance sheets and coach logs (n = 360); observations of sessions (n = 30); coach questionnaires (n = 30); usage logs from a novel device for self-monitoring physical activity and non-sedentary behaviour (SitFIT); an app-based game to promote social support for physical activity outside program sessions (MatchFIT); interviews with coaches (n = 15); football club representatives (n = 15); and focus groups with participants (n = 30). Written standard operating procedures are used to ensure quality and consistency in data collection and analysis across the participating countries. Data will be analysed thematically within datasets and overall synthesis of findings will address the processes through which the program is implemented in various countries and clubs and through which it affects outcomes, with careful attention to the context of the football club. DISCUSSION The process evaluation will provide a comprehensive account of what was necessary to implement the EuroFIT program in professional football clubs within a trial setting and how outcomes were affected by the program. This will allow us to re-appraise the program's conceptual base, optimise the program for post-trial implementation and roll out, and offer suggestions for the development and implementation of future initiatives to promote health and wellbeing through professional sports clubs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN81935608 . Registered on 16 June 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I van de Glind
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C Bunn
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, 27 Bute Gardens, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RS, UK.
| | - C M Gray
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, 27 Bute Gardens, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RS, UK
| | - K Hunt
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, 200 Renfield St, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G2 3QB, UK
| | - E Andersen
- Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Jelsma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
| | - H Morgan
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - H Pereira
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Estrada da Costa, 1495-688, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
| | - G Roberts
- Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Rooksby
- School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Ø Røynesdal
- Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Silva
- Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Estrada da Costa, 1495-688, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
| | - M Sorensen
- Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - T van Achterberg
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
| | - F van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
| | - M Nijhuis-van der Sanden
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S Wyke
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, 27 Bute Gardens, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Brock P, Fisher J, Garside M, Gibson V, Hunt K, Briggs S, Gordon AL. 33HOW CAN WE ATTRACT MORE PEOPLE TO GERIATRIC MEDICINE? A SURVEY OF UK SPECIALIST REGISTRARS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx119.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
29
|
Fisher J, Garside M, Brock P, Gibson V, Hunt K, Wyrko Z, Gordon AL. Being the 'med reg': an exploration of junior doctors' perceptions of the medical registrar role. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2017; 47:70-75. [PMID: 28569288 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2017.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the medical registrar is challenging and acknowledged as being a disincentive to a career in medicine for some junior doctors. We set out to build a broader understanding of the role through exploration of Foundation Doctors' and Core Medical Trainees' perceptions of the role. Data, gathered from focus groups, were analysed using a framework approach. Six key themes were identified, which were grouped under the headings 'perceptions of the medical registrar role' and 'transition into the role'. Our work builds on existing literature to inform a deeper understanding of how junior doctors perceive the medical registrar role. In light of our findings we offer suggestions on possible training initiatives to tackle the issues identified. We also highlight positive perceptions of the role and emphasise the key ambassadorial role that current medical registrars have in relation to attracting tomorrow's medical registrars to the specialty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Fisher
- J Fisher, North Tyneside General, Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields NE29 8NH, UK. drjamesfi
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lei JT, Shao J, Zhang J, Iglesia M, Cao J, Chan DW, He X, Kosaka Y, Schmidt C, Matsunuma R, Haricharan S, Crowder R, Hoog J, Phommaly C, Goncalves R, Ramalho S, Lai WC, Hampton O, Rogers A, Tobias E, Parikh P, Davies S, Ma C, Suman V, Hunt K, Watson M, Hoadley KA, Thompson A, Chen X, Perou CM, Creighton CJ, Maher C, Ellis MJ. Abstract PD2-03: Recurrent functionally diverse in-frame ESR1 gene fusions drive endocrine resistance in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-pd2-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. We previously reported an alternative ESR1 somatic gain-of-function chromosomal translocation event in a patient presenting with aggressive, endocrine therapy resistant estrogen receptor (ER) positive disease, producing an in-frame fusion gene consisting of N-terminal ESR1 and the C-terminus of the Hippo pathway coactivator YAP1 (ESR1-YAP1). We recently identified another ESR1 fusion through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in advanced stage ER+ disease from a chest wall recurrence in a male patient that was refractory to multiple lines of treatment. Two examples of fusions discovered in primary breast cancer samples include ESR1 fused in-frame to C-terminal sequences from NOP2 (ESR1-NOP2), identified in a resistant cohort from a RNA-seq screen focused on 81 primary breast cancers from aromatase inhibitor clinical trials, and a second ESR1 fusion, fused in-frame to the entire coding sequence of POLH (ESR1-POLH), that was identified from RNA-seq analysis of 728 Cancer Genome Atlas breast samples. This current study extends our previous characterization of ESR1-YAP1 by comparing functional and pharmacological properties of these three additional ESR1 gene fusion events of both early stage and advanced breast cancers.
Methods. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to test ESR1 fusions to induce therapeutic resistance, and metastasis. The transcriptional and binding properties of each fusion was also examined. Pharmacological inhibition with Palbociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, was utilized to assess drug sensitivity in ESR1 fusion containing breast cancer cells and in a patient derived xenograft (PDX) model expressing ESR1-YAP1 (WHIM18).
Results. The YAP1 and PCDH11x fusions conferred estrogen-independent and fulvestrant-resistant growth. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly higher numbers of ER+ cells in lungs of mice xenografted with T47D cells expressing the YAP1 and PCDH11x fusions compared to YFP control, NOP2 and POLH fusions. Results from ChIP-seq and microarray studies suggest that these two fusions promote proliferation and metastasis through genomic action by binding estrogen response elements (ERE) and subsequent gene activation. We thereby define these fusions as “canonical” fusions compared to “non-canonical” NOP2 and POLH fusions, which demonstrated dramatically decreased genomic binding ability. The non-canonical fusions induced genes associated with basal-like breast cancer and promoted HER2, EGFR, and MAPK gene expression signatures in contrast to genes associated with cell cycle/proliferation induced by canonical fusions. The proliferative ability of canonical fusion-containing ER+ cells was inhibited by Palbociclib in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo WHIM18 tumors in mice fed with Palbociclib-containing chow demonstrated significantly reduced tumor volume, growth rate, and weight compared to tumors in mice on control chow.
Conclusions. In-frame ERE activating canonical fusions occur in end-stage drug resistant advanced breast cancer and can be added to ESR1 point mutations as a class of recurrent somatic mutation that may cause acquired resistance. Growth induced by these fusions can be antagonized by Palbociclib and is potentially clinically helpful.
Citation Format: Lei JT, Shao J, Zhang J, Iglesia M, Cao J, Chan DW, He X, Kosaka Y, Schmidt C, Matsunuma R, Haricharan S, Crowder R, Hoog J, Phommaly C, Goncalves R, Ramalho S, Lai W-C, Hampton O, Rogers A, Tobias E, Parikh P, Davies S, Ma C, Suman V, Hunt K, Watson M, Hoadley KA, Thompson A, Chen X, Perou CM, Creighton CJ, Maher C, Ellis MJ. Recurrent functionally diverse in-frame ESR1 gene fusions drive endocrine resistance in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD2-03.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JT Lei
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Shao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Zhang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Iglesia
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Cao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DW Chan
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - X He
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Y Kosaka
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Schmidt
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Matsunuma
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Haricharan
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Crowder
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Hoog
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Phommaly
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R Goncalves
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Ramalho
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W-C Lai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - O Hampton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Rogers
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - E Tobias
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - P Parikh
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S Davies
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Ma
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - V Suman
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Hunt
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Watson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - KA Hoadley
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Thompson
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - X Chen
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - CM Perou
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - CJ Creighton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - C Maher
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - MJ Ellis
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minato, Japan; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Alvarado M, Bold R, Gittleman M, Beitsch P, Blair S, Harmer Q, Kivilaid K, Teshome M, Thompson A, Mittendorf E, Hunt K. Abstract P2-01-11: SentimagIC: A non-inferiority trial comparing super paramagnetic iron oxide vs. Tc99 and blue dye in the detection of axillary sentinel nodes in patients with early stage breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p2-01-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), performed using radioisotope tracer with or without blue dye, is a highly accurate method for staging the axilla in early breast cancer. A radioisotope tracer with or without blue dye is the most commonly used technique for SLNB. Superparamagnetic iron oxide mapping agents detected by a handheld magnetic probe have been explored to overcome the disadvantages of the standard technique which include the short half-life, availability, handling and disposal issues for radioisotope, and the risk of allergic reactions to blue dye. Iron oxide mapping agents have been shown to be non-inferior to the standard technique in European studies. The SentimagIC trial was designed to establish the non-inferiority of a new formulation of the magnetic tracer, SiennaXP, to the combination of radioisotope and blue dye and was required to support a US regulatory submission.
Methods: Between January and December 2015, 160 patients with clinically node negative early stage breast cancer were recruited from six centers in the United States. Subjects received radioisotope injection then an intraoperative subareolar injection of SiennaXP and isosulfan blue dye prior to SLNB being performed. The sentinel node identification rate was compared between SiennaXP and the standard technique to evaluate concordance and non-inferiority.
Results: 147 procedures were completed in 147 subjects. A total of 369 histologically confirmed nodes were excised. The nodal detection rate was 94.3% (348/369) with SiennaXP and 93.5% (345/369) with the standard technique (difference 0.8%, 95% binomial confidence interval lower bound -2.1%). The per-subject detection rate was 99.3% (145/146) with SiennaXP and 98.6% (144/146) with the standard technique (one subject excluded due to not contributing any analyzable nodes). There were 22 subjects with positive SLNs, of whom 21 (95.4%) were detected by both SiennaXP and the standard tracers. In one subject, a positive node was not identified by any tracer, but was removed as clinically suspicious. The number of nodes excised per subject was 2.4 for both SiennaXP and for the standard combined technique.
Conclusion: This study showed SiennaXP is non-inferior to the standard dual technique of radioisotope and blue dye for axillary sentinel lymph node detection in early stage breast cancer and this provides a potential alternative to radioisotope and blue dye.
Citation Format: Alvarado M, Bold R, Gittleman M, Beitsch P, Blair S, Harmer Q, Kivilaid K, Teshome M, Thompson A, Mittendorf E, Hunt K. SentimagIC: A non-inferiority trial comparing super paramagnetic iron oxide vs. Tc99 and blue dye in the detection of axillary sentinel nodes in patients with early stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Alvarado
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - R Bold
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - M Gittleman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - P Beitsch
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - S Blair
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - Q Harmer
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - K Kivilaid
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - M Teshome
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - A Thompson
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - E Mittendorf
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| | - K Hunt
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of California Davis; BreastCare Specialists Allentown; Dallas Surgical Group; University California San Diego; Endomagnetics; RCRI; University of Texas MD Anderson
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Katikireddi SV, Skivington K, Leyland AH, Hunt K, Mercer S. PL02 The contribution of risk factors to socio-economic inequalities in multimorbidity across the life course: A longitudinal analysis of the Twenty-07 cohort. Br J Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
33
|
Cuzick J, Cuschieri K, Denton K, Hopkins M, Thorat M, Wright C, Cubie H, Moore C, Kleeman M, Austin J, Ashdown-Barr L, Hunt K, Cadman L. Performance of the Xpert HPV assay in women attending for cervical screening. Papillomavirus Research 2015. [PMCID: PMC5886845 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the Xpert HPV Assay in women attending screening in general practice by comparing Xpert with two established HPV tests, cytology and histology. Methods A prospective study in women aged 20–60 years attending screening in Bristol, Edinburgh and London using residual Preservcyt cytology samples. Sample order was randomised between Roche cobas4800 and Cepheid Xpert assays with Qiagen hc2 third. Results 3408 cases were included in the primary analysis. Positivity for Xpert was 19.6%, cobas 19.2% and hc2 19.9% with high concordance (kappa=86.8% vs cobas, 81.55 vs hc2). Xpert, cobas and hc2 showed similar sensitivity (98.7%, 97.5%, 98.7%) for CIN2+. All pairwise comparisons had high concordance (Kappa ≥0.78 with any abnormal cytology. Xpert and hc2 were positive for all cases of ≥moderate dyskaryosis (N=63)), cobas was negative in two. Histology was available for 172 participants. 79 reported CIN2+, 47 CIN3+. All CIN3+ was positive on Xpert and hc2 and one case negative for cobas. One case of CIN2 was negative for all assays. Conclusions The performance of Xpert HPV Assay in a general screening population is comparable to established HPV tests. It offers simplicity of testing, flexibility with non-batching of individual samples and rapid turnaround time. This is the first study to report on the performance of the Xpert HPV Assay in a screening population. Xpert HPV Assay׳s performance in detecting HPV is comparable to two clinically validated HPV tests. Xpert HPV Assay showed a relative sensitivity of 98.73% for CIN 2 or higher and 100% for CIN3 or higher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| | - K. Cuschieri
- Scottish Human Papillomavirus Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - K. Denton
- Severn Pathology, Pathology Sciences Building, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - M. Hopkins
- Specialist Virology Centre at Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, United Kingdom
| | - M.A. Thorat
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - C. Wright
- Pathology Department, Mint Wing, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary׳s Hospital, Praed Street, Paddington, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom
| | - H. Cubie
- Scottish Human Papillomavirus Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - C. Moore
- Scottish Human Papillomavirus Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - M. Kleeman
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - J. Austin
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - L. Ashdown-Barr
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - K. Hunt
- Severn Pathology, Pathology Sciences Building, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - L. Cadman
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Skivington K, Katikireddi SV, Leyland AH, Hunt K, Mercer S. Risk factors for multimorbidity: A multilevel analysis of a longitudinal cohort from Scotland. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv167.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
35
|
Cohen J, Pivodic L, Miccinesi G, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Naylor WA, Wilson DM, Loucka M, Csikos A, Pardon K, Van den Block L, Ruiz-Ramos M, Cardenas-Turanzas M, Rhee Y, Aubry R, Hunt K, Teno J, Houttekier D, Deliens L. International study of the place of death of people with cancer: a population-level comparison of 14 countries across 4 continents using death certificate data. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1397-404. [PMID: 26325102 PMCID: PMC4815784 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Where people die can influence a number of indicators of the quality of dying. We aimed to describe the place of death of people with cancer and its associations with clinical, socio-demographic and healthcare supply characteristics in 14 countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study using death certificate data for all deaths from cancer (ICD-10 codes C00-C97) in 2008 in Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, England, France, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain (2010), USA (2007) and Wales (N=1 355 910). Multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated factors associated with home death within countries and differences across countries. Results: Between 12% (South Korea) and 57% (Mexico) of cancer deaths occurred at home; between 26% (Netherlands, New Zealand) and 87% (South Korea) occurred in hospital. The large between-country differences in home or hospital deaths were partly explained by differences in availability of hospital- and long-term care beds and general practitioners. Haematologic rather than solid cancer (odds ratios (ORs) 1.29–3.17) and being married rather than divorced (ORs 1.17–2.54) were most consistently associated with home death across countries. Conclusions: A large country variation in the place of death can partly be explained by countries' healthcare resources. Country-specific choices regarding the organisation of end-of-life cancer care likely explain an additional part. These findings indicate the further challenge to evaluate how different specific policies can influence place of death patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Cohen
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Pivodic
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Miccinesi
- ISPO Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Via Oblate 2, Pal 28/A, 50142 Florence, Italy
| | - B D Onwuteaka-Philipsen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W A Naylor
- Hospice Waikato, 334 Cobham Drive, Hillcrest, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand
| | - D M Wilson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - M Loucka
- Center for Palliative Care, Michelska 1/7, Prague 140 00, Czech Republic
| | - A Csikos
- University of Pécs Medical School, 48-as tér 1, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
| | - K Pardon
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Van den Block
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ruiz-Ramos
- Information and Evaluation Service, Regional Ministry of Health in Andalusia, Av. Innovación, s/n - Edificio Arenas 1, 41071 Seville, Spain
| | - M Cardenas-Turanzas
- Department of General Internal Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, 515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Y Rhee
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women's University, 23-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - R Aubry
- French National Observatory on End-of-Life Care, 35 Rue du Plateau, 75952 Paris CEDEX 19, France
| | - K Hunt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, 104 Burgess Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hampshire, UK
| | - J Teno
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington Division of Geriatric Medicine, Box 359765, 401 Broadway, Suite 5123.11 Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - D Houttekier
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Deliens
- Department of Family Medicine & Chronic Care, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) & Ghent University, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Building 6K12E, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Garside M, Fisher JM, Hunt K. 13 * 'GERIATRICS FOR JUNIORS' - INSPIRING THE NEXT GENERATION OF GERIATRICIANS. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu124.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Sweeting H, Whitley E, Hunt K, Teyhan A, Lawlor D. Gender differences in parent-reported child health among a UK cohort born 1991-2. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku161.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
38
|
Wang YY, Hunt K, Nazareth I, Freemantle N. Are there gender differences in survival and the use of primary care prior to diagnosis of non sex-specific cancers: an analysis of routinely collected UK general practice data? Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku151.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
39
|
Pivodic L, Houttekier D, Morin L, Hunt K, Miccinesi G, Cardenas-Turanzas M, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Naylor W, Javier García León F, Pardon K, Van den Block L, Wilson D, Loucka M, Csikos A, Yong Joo R, Teno J, Deliens L, Cohen J. Place of death in populations potentially benefiting from palliative care: a population-level study in 14 countries. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku151.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
40
|
Gray CM, Brennan G, MacLean A, Mutrie N, Hunt K, Wyke S. Can professional rugby clubs attract English male rugby supporters to a healthy lifestyle programme: the Rugby Fans in Training (RuFIT) study 2013-14. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku166.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
41
|
Duckett J, Hunt K, Munro N, Sutton M. The impact of distrust in clinics on hospital utilisation in China 2012-13. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku165.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
42
|
Fisher JM, Hunt K, Garside MJ. Geriatrics for juniors: tomorrow’s geriatricians or another lost tribe? J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2014; 44:106-10. [DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2014.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
43
|
Shen MC, Bloom E, Shaitelman SF, Wei C, Haynes AB, Abdel-Rahman S, Mittendorf EA, Kuerer HM, Bedrosian I, Hwang R, Hunt K, Tereffe W, Strom E, Babiera GV. Abstract P5-14-07: Comparison of infectious complications between breast conserving therapy with catheter-based accelerated partial irradiation and whole breast irradiation. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p5-14-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Standard treatment after breast conserving surgery (BCS) has been whole breast irradiation (WBI), however, accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) has recently been shown to be an alternative in a select group of patients. APBI has been associated with early postoperative as well as delayed infections. In the current study, we compared rates of infectious complications between patients treated with catheter-based APBI and WBI.
Patients were identified from a single-institution prospective registry from 2009 to 2011. Selection criteria included patients who underwent BCT with either single-entry APBI or WBI and fulfilled criteria for ABPI including ≥50 years, tumor size ≤ 3cm, pN0, and no lympho-vascular invasion. Data regarding treatment, patient comorbidities, and outcomes were obtained. Infectious complications were assessed from the date of APBI catheter insertion or from the date of surgery to start of WBI. Infectious complications were classified as early (≤ 30 days) or delayed (> 30 days). Fisher's exact test was used to compare the rate of infection between APBI and WBI.
91 patients were treated with single-entry catheter-based APBI and 267 patients were treated with WBI. Median follow-up time was 76.2 weeks for APBI patients and 115 weeks for WBI patients. Re-excision was required in 20 patients (21.7%) who underwent APBI and in 51 patients (19.1%) who underwent WBI. Overall, infection occurred in 13 patients (14.1%) who underwent APBI versus 39 patients (14.6%) who underwent WBI. In the APBI group, three (3.3%) patients had infection within 30 days and 10 (10.9%) had infection more than 30 days after catheter insertion. 24 (9.0%) patients had infections within 30 days after surgery and 15 (5.6%) patients occurred more than 30 days after surgery in the WBI group. Patients began WBI within an average of 84 days after surgery. In the APBI group, 4 patients required hospital admission, 5 patients had percutaneous aspiration, and one needed incision and drainage. 8 patients were managed with outpatient oral antibiotics. In the WBI group, 5 patients required hospital admission, 13 patients had percutaneous aspiration, and 30 patients were managed with outpatient oral antibiotics. Diabetes, smoking, and BMI >25 were factors commonly associated with infectious complications in both APBI and WBI but not statistically significant (P = 0.6, 0.09, 0.1. respectively).
In contrast to other studies showing that patients treated with catheter-based APBI have higher rates of infection than patients treated with WBI, our study found no statistically significant difference in infection rates between the two groups. A majority of infections following APBI or WBI can be medically managed as an outpatient basis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-14-07.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MC Shen
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - E Bloom
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - C Wei
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - AB Haynes
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - HM Kuerer
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - R Hwang
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Hunt
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W Tereffe
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - E Strom
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang Y, Hunt K, Nazareth I, Freemantle N, Peterson I. OP91 Are there Gender Differences in Consultation Patterns Prior to Melanoma, CRC and Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Cancer Survival: An Analysis of Routinely Collected General Practice Data? Br J Soc Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-203126.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
45
|
Saengsuwan J, Laubacher M, Nef T, Hunt K. Cardiopulmonary performance testing using a robotics-assisted tilt table: feasibility assessment in able bodied subjects. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
46
|
Hilton S, Patterson C, Smith E, Bedford H, Hunt K. Teenagers' understandings of and attitudes towards vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases: a qualitative study. Vaccine 2013; 31:2543-50. [PMID: 23602536 PMCID: PMC3679446 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Explored understandings of diseases and knowledge and experiences of vaccination. Teenagers had limited knowledge and little direct experience of the diseases. Participants attitudes towards receiving vaccines’ varied. The success of mass immunisation programmes is associated with disease perceptions. Need to engage with teenagers to address misconceptions about vaccines and diseases.
Background To examine immunisation information needs of teenagers we explored understandings of vaccination and vaccine-preventable diseases, attitudes towards immunisation and experiences of immunisation. Diseases discussed included nine for which vaccines are currently offered in the UK (human papillomavirus, meningitis, tetanus, diphtheria, polio, whooping cough, measles, mumps and rubella), and two not currently included in the routine UK schedule (hepatitis B and chickenpox). Methods Twelve focus groups conducted between November 2010 and March 2011 with 59 teenagers (29 girls and 30 boys) living in various parts of Scotland. Results Teenagers exhibited limited knowledge and experience of the diseases, excluding chickenpox. Measles, mumps and rubella were perceived as severe forms of chickenpox-like illness, and rubella was not associated with foetal damage. Boys commonly believed that human papillomavirus only affects girls, and both genders exhibited confusion about its relationship with cancer. Participants considered two key factors when assessing the threat of diseases: their prevalence in the UK, and their potential to cause fatal or long-term harm. Meningitis was seen as a threat, but primarily to babies. Participants explained their limited knowledge as a result of mass immunisation making once-common diseases rare in the UK, and acknowledged immunisation's role in reducing disease prevalence. Conclusions While it is welcome that fewer teenagers have experienced vaccine-preventable diseases, this presents public health advocates with the challenge of communicating benefits of immunisation when advantages are less visible. The findings are timely in view of the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation's recommendation that a booster of meningitis C vaccine should be offered to teenagers; that teenagers did not perceive meningitis C as a significant threat should be a key concern of promotional information. While teenagers’ experiences of immunisation in school were not always positive, they seemed enthusiastic at the prospect of introducing more vaccines for their age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hilton
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, 4 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8RZ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gray C, Hunt K, Mutrie N, Anderson A, Treweek S, Leishman J, Wyke S. Can professional soccer clubs help male fans lose weight and become more physically active? Preliminary evidence from the Scottish Premier League. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
48
|
Sweeting H, Hunt K, Bhaskar A. OP75 The Relative Importance of Objective and Subjective Socio-Economic and School-Based Social Status for Adolescent Health and Substance use. Br J Soc Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2012-201753.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
49
|
Kuerer H, Lari S, Arun B, Hu C, Brewster A, Mittendorf E, Caudle A, Lucci A, Litton J, Hunt K. 1176 Biologic Features and Prognosis of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Are Not Adversely Impacted by Large Body Mass. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
50
|
Dolic K, Marr K, Valnarov V, Dwyer MG, Carl E, Karmon Y, Kennedy C, Brooks C, Kilanowski C, Hunt K, Siddiqui AH, Hojnacki D, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R. Intra- and extraluminal structural and functional venous anomalies in multiple sclerosis, as evidenced by 2 noninvasive imaging techniques. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:16-23. [PMID: 22194367 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition characterized by anomalies of the main extracranial cerebrospinal venous routes that interfere with normal venous outflow. Research into CCSVI will determine its sensitivity and specificity for a diagnosis of MS, its prevalence in MS patients, and its clinical, MRI, and genetic correlates. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and number of intra- and extraluminal structural and functional extracranial venous abnormalities by using DS and MRV, in patients with MS and HCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred fifty patients with MS, 104 (69.3%) with RR and 46 (30.7%) with a progressive MS course, and 63 age- and sex-matched HCs were scanned with 3T MR imaging by using TOF and TRICKS sequences (only patients with MS). All subjects underwent DS examination for intra- and extraluminal structural and functional abnormalities of the IJVs. Absent/pinpoint IJV flow morphology on MRV was considered an abnormal finding. Prominence of collateral extracranial veins was assessed with MRV. RESULTS Patients with MS had a significantly higher number of functional (P < .0001), total (P = .001), and intraluminal (P = .005) structural IJV DS abnormalities than HCs. There was a trend for more patients with MS with extraluminal IJV DS abnormalities (P = .023). No significant differences were found on the MRV IJV flow morphology scale between patients with MS and HCs. Patients with progressive MS showed more extraluminal IJV DS abnormalities (P = .01) and more MRV flow abnormalities on TOF (P = .006) and TRICKS (P = .01) than patients with nonprogressive MS. There was a trend for a higher number of collateral veins in patients with MS than in HCs (P = .016). CONCLUSIONS DS is more sensitive than MRV in detecting intraluminal structural and functional venous abnormalities in patients with MS compared with HCs, whereas MRV is more sensitive in showing collaterals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Dolic
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|