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Xue R, Beer M, Seidler I, Humpohl S, Tu JS, Trellenkamp S, Struck T, Bluhm H, Schreiber LR. Si/SiGe QuBus for single electron information-processing devices with memory and micron-scale connectivity function. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2296. [PMID: 38485971 PMCID: PMC10940717 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The connectivity within single carrier information-processing devices requires transport and storage of single charge quanta. Single electrons have been adiabatically transported while confined to a moving quantum dot in short, all-electrical Si/SiGe shuttle device, called quantum bus (QuBus). Here we show a QuBus spanning a length of 10 μm and operated by only six simply-tunable voltage pulses. We introduce a characterization method, called shuttle-tomography, to benchmark the potential imperfections and local shuttle-fidelity of the QuBus. The fidelity of the single-electron shuttle across the full device and back (a total distance of 19 μm) is (99.7 ± 0.3) %. Using the QuBus, we position and detect up to 34 electrons and initialize a register of 34 quantum dots with arbitrarily chosen patterns of zero and single-electrons. The simple operation signals, compatibility with industry fabrication and low spin-environment-interaction in 28Si/SiGe, promises long-range spin-conserving transport of spin qubits for quantum connectivity in quantum computing architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xue
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Max Beer
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Inga Seidler
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Simon Humpohl
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jhih-Sian Tu
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Trellenkamp
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tom Struck
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany.
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Struck T, Volmer M, Visser L, Offermann T, Xue R, Tu JS, Trellenkamp S, Cywiński Ł, Bluhm H, Schreiber LR. Spin-EPR-pair separation by conveyor-mode single electron shuttling in Si/SiGe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1325. [PMID: 38351007 PMCID: PMC10864332 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-ranged coherent qubit coupling is a missing function block for scaling up spin qubit based quantum computing solutions. Spin-coherent conveyor-mode electron-shuttling could enable spin quantum-chips with scalable and sparse qubit-architecture. Its key feature is the operation by only few easily tuneable input terminals and compatibility with industrial gate-fabrication. Single electron shuttling in conveyor-mode in a 420 nm long quantum bus has been demonstrated previously. Here we investigate the spin coherence during conveyor-mode shuttling by separation and rejoining an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) spin-pair. Compared to previous work we boost the shuttle velocity by a factor of 10000. We observe a rising spin-qubit dephasing time with the longer shuttle distances due to motional narrowing and estimate the spin-shuttle infidelity due to dephasing to be 0.7% for a total shuttle distance of nominal 560 nm. Shuttling several loops up to an accumulated distance of 3.36 μm, spin-entanglement of the EPR pair is still detectable, giving good perspective for our approach of a shuttle-based scalable quantum computing architecture in silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Struck
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mats Volmer
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lino Visser
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Offermann
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ran Xue
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jhih-Sian Tu
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Trellenkamp
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Łukasz Cywiński
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany.
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Hollmann A, Jirovec D, Kucharski M, Kissinger D, Fischer G, Schreiber LR. 30 GHz-voltage controlled oscillator operating at 4 K. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:114701. [PMID: 30501331 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state qubit manipulation and read-out fidelities are reaching fault-tolerance, but quantum error correction requires millions of physical qubits and therefore a scalable quantum computer architecture. To solve signal-line bandwidth and fan-out problems, microwave sources required for qubit manipulation might be embedded close to the qubit chip, typically operating at temperatures below 4 K. Here, we perform the first low temperature measurements of a 130 nm BiCMOS based SiGe voltage controlled oscillator at cryogenic temperature. We determined the frequency and output power dependence on temperature and magnetic field up to 5 T and measured the temperature influence on its noise performance. The device maintains its full functionality from 300 K to 4 K. The carrier frequency at 4 K increases by 3% with respect to the carrier frequency at 300 K, and the output power at 4 K increases by 10 dB relative to the output power at 300 K. The frequency tuning range of approximately 20% remains unchanged between 300 K and 4 K. In an in-plane magnetic field of 5 T, the carrier frequency shifts by only 0.02% compared to the frequency at zero magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Hollmann
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, D 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Jirovec
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Gunter Fischer
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, D 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars R. Schreiber
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen and Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen and Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- JARA-Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Prance JR, Shi Z, Simmons CB, Savage DE, Lagally MG, Schreiber LR, Vandersypen LMK, Friesen M, Joynt R, Coppersmith SN, Eriksson MA. Single-shot measurement of triplet-singlet relaxation in a Si/SiGe double quantum dot. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:046808. [PMID: 22400879 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.046808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the lifetime of two-electron spin states in a few-electron Si/SiGe double dot. At the transition between the (1,1) and (0,2) charge occupations, Pauli spin blockade provides a readout mechanism for the spin state. We use the statistics of repeated single-shot measurements to extract the lifetimes of multiple states simultaneously. When the magnetic field is zero, we find that all three triplet states have equal lifetimes, as expected, and this time is ~10 ms. When the field is nonzero, the T(0) lifetime is unchanged, whereas the T- lifetime increases monotonically with the field, reaching 3 sec at 1 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Prance
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Nowack KC, Shafiei M, Laforest M, Prawiroatmodjo GEDK, Schreiber LR, Reichl C, Wegscheider W, Vandersypen LMK. Single-shot correlations and two-qubit gate of solid-state spins. Science 2011; 333:1269-72. [PMID: 21817015 DOI: 10.1126/science.1209524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of coupled quantum systems plays a central role in quantum information processing. We have realized independent single-shot read-out of two electron spins in a double quantum dot. The read-out method is all-electrical, cross-talk between the two measurements is negligible, and read-out fidelities are ~86% on average. This allows us to directly probe the anticorrelations between two spins prepared in a singlet state and to demonstrate the operation of the two-qubit exchange gate on a complete set of basis states. The results provide a possible route to the realization and efficient characterization of multiqubit quantum circuits based on single quantum dot spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nowack
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Post Office Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
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Abstract
Hiccups (singultus) are most often a transient phenomenon that resolves without medical therapy. Intractable hiccups can be an indication of a serious underlying disease process and should be investigated. To demonstrate the evaluation of intractable singultus, we describe a patient who had unsuccessful outpatient therapy for persistent hiccups and who was subsequently found to have gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Efforts to determine the cause of the hiccups were negative except for endoscopically proven GER. On follow-up visits, antisingultus medications were withdrawn without return of hiccups, and repeat endoscopy showed substantial healing of the esophagitis. We conclude that GER may be underestimated as a cause of hiccups.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Schreiber
- Department of Family Practice, Naval Hospital, Charleston, SC 92278
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