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Cabral-Piccin MP, Briceño O, Papagno L, Liouville B, White E, Perdomo-Celis F, Autaa G, Volant S, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Fromentin R, Chomont N, Price DA, Sáez-Cirión A, Lambotte O, Katlama C, Appay V. CD8 + T-cell priming is quantitatively but not qualitatively impaired in people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2024; 38:161-166. [PMID: 37800637 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The induction of de novo CD8 + T-cell responses is essential for protective antiviral immunity, but this process is often impaired in people with HIV-1 (PWH). We investigated the extent to which the immune competence of naive CD8 + T cells, a key determinant of priming efficacy, could be preserved or restored in PWH via long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS We used flow cytometry, molecular analyses of gene transcription and telomere length, and a fully validated priming assay to characterize naive CD8 + T cells ex vivo and evaluate the induction of antigen-specific effector/memory CD8 + T cells in vitro , comparing age-matched healthy uninfected donors (HUDs), PWH on ART, and natural HIV-1 controllers (HICs). RESULTS We found that naive CD8 + T cells were numerically reduced and exhibited a trend toward shorter telomere lengths in PWH on ART compared with HUDs and HICs. These features associated with impaired priming efficacy. However, we also found that naive CD8 + T cells were fully equipped proliferatively and transcriptionally in PWH on ART, enabling the generation of antigen-specific effector/memory CD8 + T cells with functional and phenotypic attributes comparable to those primed from HUDs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that naive CD8 + T cells in PWH on ART are intrinsically capable of generating functionally and phenotypically intact effector/memory CD8 + T cells in response to antigen, despite evidence of senescence and an overall numerical reduction that compromises priming efficacy relative to HUDs and HICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Olivia Briceño
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Papagno
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Liouville
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Eoghann White
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Gaëlle Autaa
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
| | - Stevenn Volant
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Asier Sáez-Cirión
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Service de Médecine Interne, Bicêtre (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), INSERM, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), Le Kremlin Bicêtre
| | - Christine Katlama
- Infectious Diseases Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Pierre Louis Epidemiology and Public Health Institute (iPLESP), INSERM 1136, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
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Cabral-Piccin MP, Papagno L, Lahaye X, Perdomo-Celis F, Volant S, White E, Monceaux V, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Fromentin R, Price DA, Chomont N, Manel N, Saez-Cirion A, Appay V. Primary role of type I interferons for the induction of functionally optimal antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in HIV infection. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104557. [PMID: 37058769 PMCID: PMC10130611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+ T cells equipped with a full arsenal of antiviral effector functions are critical for effective immune control of HIV-1. It has nonetheless remained unclear how best to elicit such potent cellular immune responses in the context of immunotherapy or vaccination. HIV-2 has been associated with milder disease manifestations and more commonly elicits functionally replete virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses compared with HIV-1. We aimed to learn from this immunological dichotomy and to develop informed strategies that could enhance the induction of robust CD8+ T cell responses against HIV-1. METHODS We developed an unbiased in vitro system to compare the de novo induction of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses after exposure to HIV-1 or HIV-2. The functional properties of primed CD8+ T cells were assessed using flow cytometry and molecular analyses of gene transcription. FINDINGS HIV-2 primed functionally optimal antigen-specific CD8+ T cells with enhanced survival properties more effectively than HIV-1. This superior induction process was dependent on type I interferons (IFNs) and could be mimicked via the adjuvant delivery of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a known agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). CD8+ T cells elicited in the presence of cGAMP were polyfunctional and highly sensitive to antigen stimulation, even after priming from people living with HIV-1. INTERPRETATION HIV-2 primes CD8+ T cells with potent antiviral functionality by activating the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/STING pathway, which results in the production of type I IFNs. This process may be amenable to therapeutic development via the use of cGAMP or other STING agonists to bolster CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity against HIV-1. FUNDING This work was funded by INSERM, the Institut Curie, and the University of Bordeaux (Senior IdEx Chair) and by grants from Sidaction (17-1-AAE-11097, 17-1-FJC-11199, VIH2016126002, 20-2-AEQ-12822-2, and 22-2-AEQ-13411), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche sur le SIDA (ECTZ36691, ECTZ25472, ECTZ71745, and ECTZ118797), and the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (EQ U202103012774). D.A.P. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award (100326/Z/12/Z).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Lahaye
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer Department, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Stevenn Volant
- Institut Pasteur, Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Eoghann White
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Monceaux
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer Department, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Asier Saez-Cirion
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, 75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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Nicoli F, Cabral-Piccin MP, Papagno L, Gallerani E, Fusaro M, Folcher V, Dubois M, Clave E, Vallet H, Frere JJ, Gostick E, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Price DA, Toubert A, Dupré L, Boddaert J, Caputo A, Gavioli R, Appay V. Altered Basal Lipid Metabolism Underlies the Functional Impairment of Naive CD8 + T Cells in Elderly Humans. J Immunol 2022; 208:562-570. [PMID: 35031578 PMCID: PMC7615155 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with functional deficits in the naive T cell compartment, which compromise the generation of de novo immune responses against previously unencountered Ags. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have nonetheless remained unclear. We found that naive CD8+ T cells in elderly humans were prone to apoptosis and proliferated suboptimally in response to stimulation via the TCR. These abnormalities were associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism under homeostatic conditions and enhanced levels of basal activation. Importantly, reversal of the bioenergetic anomalies with lipid-altering drugs, such as rosiglitazone, almost completely restored the Ag responsiveness of naive CD8+ T cells. Interventions that favor lipid catabolism may therefore find utility as adjunctive therapies in the elderly to promote vaccine-induced immunity against targetable cancers and emerging pathogens, such as seasonal influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
| | - Victor Folcher
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Marion Dubois
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Vallet
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Dupré
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164, INSERM ERL1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France
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4
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Vernejoul F, Lioux T, Jospin F, Chanut B, Perouzel E, Rochereau N, Appay V, Verrier B, Paul S. New chimeric TLR7/NOD2 agonist is a potent adjuvant to induce mucosal immune responses. EBioMedicine 2020; 58:102922. [PMID: 32739871 PMCID: PMC7393532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptor) agonists have been widely tested as potent vaccine adjuvants. TLR7 (Toll-Like Receptor 7) and NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2) are key innate receptors widely expressed at mucosal levels. Methods Here, we evaluated the immunostimulatory properties of a novel hybrid chemical compound designed to stimulate both TLR7 and NOD2 receptors. Finding The combined TLR7/NOD2 agonist showed increase efficacy than TLR7L or NOD2L agonists alone or combined in different in vitro models. Dual TLR7/NOD2 agonist efficiently stimulates TLR7 and NOD2, and promotes the maturation and reprogramming of human dendritic cells, as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory or adaptive cytokines. This molecule also strongly induces autophagy in human cells which is a major intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to lysosomes in both MHC class I and II-restricted antigen presentation. In vivo, TLR7/NOD2L agonist is a potent adjuvant after intranasal administration with NP-p24 HIV vaccine, inducing high-quality humoral and adaptive responses both in systemic and mucosal compartments. Use of TLR7/NOD2L adjuvant improves very significantly the protection of mice against an intranasal challenge with a vaccinia virus expressing the p24. Interpretation Dual TLR7/NOD2L agonist is a very potent and versatile vaccine adjuvant and promote very efficiently both systemic and mucosal immunity. Funding This work was supported by 10.13039/100009060Sidaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France; Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1135, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Thierry Lioux
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Jospin
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Blandine Chanut
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Eric Perouzel
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Rochereau
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
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5
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Gayet R, Michaud E, Nicoli F, Chanut B, Paul M, Rochereau N, Guillon C, He Z, Papagno L, Bioley G, Corthesy B, Paul S. Impact of IgA isoforms on their ability to activate dendritic cells and to prime T cells. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1295-1306. [PMID: 32277709 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human IgA could be from different isotypes (IgA1/IgA2) and/or isoforms (monomeric, dimeric, or secretory). Monomeric IgA mainly IgA1 are considered as an anti-inflammatory isotype whereas dimeric/secretory IgA have clearly dual pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we show that IgA isotypes and isoforms display different binding abilities to FcαRI, Dectin-1, DC-SIGN, and CD71 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC). We describe that IgA regulate the expression of their own receptors and trigger modulation of moDC maturation. We also demonstrate that dimeric IgA2 and IgA1 induce different inflammatory responses leading to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells activation. moDC stimulation by dimeric IgA2 was followed by a strong pro-inflammatory effect. Our study highlights differences regarding IgA isotypes and isoforms in the context of DC conditioning. Further investigations are needed on the activation of adaptive immunity by IgA in the context of microbiota/IgA complexes during antibody-mediated immune selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Gayet
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Eva Michaud
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | | | - Mireille Paul
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Christophe Guillon
- Retroviruses and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, University of Lyon, CNRS, UMR5086, Lyon, France
| | - Zhiguo He
- BiiGC/EA2521, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Bioley
- BiiGC/EA2521, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Blaise Corthesy
- R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, CHUV, Centre des Laboratoires d'Epalinges, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Paul
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Nicoli F, Kanuma T, Kuse N, Cabral-Piccin MP, Rochereau N, Gostick E, Lioux T, Perouzel E, Price DA, Takiguchi M, Verrier B, Yamamoto T, Paul S, Appay V. The STING ligand cGAMP potentiates the efficacy of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125107. [PMID: 30944257 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) agonists are currently being developed and tested as adjuvants in various formulations to optimize the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines. Using an original in vitro approach to prime naive precursors from unfractionated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we assessed the influence of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP), a ligand for the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), on the induction of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. We found that 2'3'-cGAMP and 3'3'-cGAMP were especially potent adjuvants in this system, driving the expansion and maturation of functionally replete antigen-specific CD8+ T cells via the induction of type I IFNs. The biological relevance of these findings was confirmed in vivo using two mouse models, in which 2'3'-cGAMP-adjuvanted vaccination elicited protective antitumor or antiviral CD8+ T cell responses. These results identify particular isoforms of cGAMP as effective adjuvants that may find utility in the development of novel immunotherapies and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France.,InvivoGen, Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Tomohiro Kanuma
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nozomi Kuse
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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7
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Fali T, Papagno L, Bayard C, Mouloud Y, Boddaert J, Sauce D, Appay V. New Insights into Lymphocyte Differentiation and Aging from Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity Measurements. J I 2019; 202:1962-1969. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Nicoli F, Papagno L, Frere JJ, Cabral-Piccin MP, Clave E, Gostick E, Toubert A, Price DA, Caputo A, Appay V. Naïve CD8 + T-Cells Engage a Versatile Metabolic Program Upon Activation in Humans and Differ Energetically From Memory CD8 + T-Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2736. [PMID: 30619240 PMCID: PMC6308131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Characterization of the intracellular biochemical processes that regulate the generation and maintenance of effector and memory CD8+ T-cells from naïve precursors is essential for our understanding of adaptive immune responses and the development of immunotherapies. However, the metabolic determinants of antigen-driven activation and differentiation remain poorly defined, especially in humans. Methods: We used a variety of different approaches, including gene expression profiling and measurements of nutrient flux, to characterize the basal and activation-induced energetic requirements of naïve and phenotypically-defined subsets of human memory CD8+ T-cells. Findings: Profound metabolic differences were apparent as a function of differentiation status, both at rest and in response to stimulation via the T cell receptor (TCR). Of particular note, resting naïve CD8+ T cells were largely quiescent, but rapidly upregulated diverse energetic pathways after ligation of surface-expressed TCRs. Moreover, autophagy and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent glycolytic pathway were identified as critical mediators of antigen-driven priming in the naïve CD8+ T cell pool, the efficiency of which was dampened by the presence of neutral lipids and fatty acids. Interpretation: These observations provide a metabolic roadmap of the CD8+ T-cell compartment in humans and reveal potentially selective targets for novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Papagno
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Emmanuel Clave
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1160, Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1160, Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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9
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Fali T, Fabre-Mersseman V, Yamamoto T, Bayard C, Papagno L, Fastenackels S, Zoorab R, Koup RA, Boddaert J, Sauce D, Appay V. Elderly human hematopoietic progenitor cells express cellular senescence markers and are more susceptible to pyroptosis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:95319. [PMID: 29997288 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of effective immunity over time is dependent on the capacity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to sustain the pool of immunocompetent mature cells. Decline of immune competence with old age may stem from HSC defects, including reduced self-renewal potential and impaired lymphopoiesis, as suggested in murine models. To obtain further insights into aging-related alteration of hematopoiesis, we performed a comprehensive study of blood hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from older humans. In the elderly, HPCs present active oxidative phosphorylation and are pressed to enter cell cycling. However, p53-p21 and p15 cell senescence pathways, associated with telomerase activity deficiency, strong telomere attrition, and oxidative stress, are engaged, thus limiting cell cycling. Moreover, survival of old HPCs is impacted by pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Lastly, telomerase activity deficiency and telomere length attrition of old HPCs may be passed on to progeny cells such as naive T lymphocytes, further highlighting the poor hematopoietic potential of the elderly. This pre-senescent profile is characteristic of the multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting HPCs in elderly individuals and represents a major obstacle in terms of immune reconstitution and efficacy with advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinhinane Fali
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Véronique Fabre-Mersseman
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki-City, Osaka, Japan.,Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Charles Bayard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Solène Fastenackels
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Rima Zoorab
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Richard A Koup
- Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Gériatrie, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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10
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Papagno L, Nicoli F, Kuse N, Gutjahr A, Tiraby G, Verrier B, Paul S, Takiguchi M, Appay V. 17 Priming of tumour or HIV-specific human CD8+ T cells with superior functional properties using STING ligands. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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11
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Nicoli F, Lamoureux A, Vernejoul F, Lioux T, Gostick E, Price DA, Tiraby G, Perouzel E, Appay V, Verrier B, Paul S. Cutting Edge: A Dual TLR2 and TLR7 Ligand Induces Highly Potent Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses. J Immunol 2017; 198:4205-4209. [PMID: 28432147 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TLR agonists are currently being developed and tested as adjuvants in various formulations to optimize the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunostimulatory properties of a novel compound incorporating covalently linked moieties designed to stimulate both TLR2 and TLR7. This dual TLR2/TLR7 agonist induced the maturation of dendritic cells and primed substantial populations of cytolytic and highly polyfunctional effector CD8+ T cells in vitro, and safely potentiated the immunogenic properties of a nanoparticulate Ag in vivo, eliciting humoral responses with a balanced TH1/TH2 profile in mice. Collectively, these data reveal the potential utility of chimeric adjuvants with synergistic activities mediated via TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- InvivoGen, 31400 Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 69007 Lyon, France.,Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Emma Gostick
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; and
| | - David A Price
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France;
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12
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Angin M, Wong G, Papagno L, Versmisse P, David A, Bayard C, Charmeteau-De Muylder B, Besseghir A, Thiébaut R, Boufassa F, Pancino G, Sauce D, Lambotte O, Brun-Vézinet F, Matheron S, Rowland-Jones SL, Cheynier R, Sáez-Cirión A, Appay V. Preservation of Lymphopoietic Potential and Virus Suppressive Capacity by CD8+ T Cells in HIV-2-Infected Controllers. J Immunol 2016; 197:2787-95. [PMID: 27566819 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Compared with HIV-1, HIV-2 infection is characterized by a larger proportion of slow or nonprogressors. A better understanding of HIV-2 pathogenesis should open new therapeutic avenues to establish control of HIV-1 replication in infected patients. In this study, we studied the production of CD8(+) T cells and their capacity for viral control in HIV-2 controllers from the French ANRS CO5 HIV-2 cohort. HIV-2 controllers display a robust capacity to support long-term renewal of the CD8(+) T cell compartment by preserving immune resources, including hematopoietic progenitors and thymic activity, which could contribute to the long-term maintenance of the CD8(+) T cell response and the avoidance of premature immune aging. Our data support the presence of HIV-2 Gag-specific CD8(+) T cells that display an early memory differentiation phenotype and robust effector potential in HIV-2 controllers. Accordingly, to our knowledge, we show for the first time that HIV-2 controllers possess CD8(+) T cells that show an unusually strong capacity to suppress HIV-2 infection in autologous CD4(+) T cells ex vivo, an ability that likely depends on the preservation of host immune resources. This effective and durable antiviral response probably participates in a virtuous circle, during which controlled viral replication permits the preservation of potent immune functions, thus preventing HIV-2 disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Angin
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, Paris 75015, France
| | - Glenn Wong
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, Paris 75005, France; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, Paris 75005, France
| | - Pierre Versmisse
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, Paris 75015, France
| | - Annie David
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, Paris 75015, France
| | - Charles Bayard
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, Paris 75005, France
| | - Bénédicte Charmeteau-De Muylder
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Cytokines and Viral Infections Team, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Amel Besseghir
- Centre de Méthodologie et de Gestion des Essais Cliniques de l'INSERM U1219, Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine, Hépatites Virales et Comorbidités, Épidémiologie Clinique et Santé Publique, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Rodolphe Thiébaut
- Centre de Méthodologie et de Gestion des Essais Cliniques de l'INSERM U1219, Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine, Hépatites Virales et Comorbidités, Épidémiologie Clinique et Santé Publique, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Faroudy Boufassa
- INSERM U1018, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Gianfranco Pancino
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, Paris 75015, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, Paris 75005, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- INSERM UMR 1184, Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France; Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Françoise Brun-Vézinet
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris 75018, France
| | - Sophie Matheron
- INSERM UMR 1137, Infections, Antimicrobiens, Modélisation, Evolution, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75018, France; and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, Paris 75018, France
| | | | - Rémi Cheynier
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Cytokines and Viral Infections Team, Paris 75014, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Asier Sáez-Cirión
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, Paris 75015, France;
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1135, Paris 75005, France;
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13
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Briceño O, Lissina A, Wanke K, Afonso G, Braun A, Ragon K, Miquel T, Gostick E, Papagno L, Stiasny K, Price DA, Mallone R, Sauce D, Karrer U, Appay V. Reduced naïve CD8(+) T-cell priming efficacy in elderly adults. Aging Cell 2016; 15:14-21. [PMID: 26472076 PMCID: PMC4717282 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with impaired vaccine efficacy and increased susceptibility to infectious and malignant diseases. CD8+ T‐cells are key players in the immune response against pathogens and tumors. In aged mice, the dwindling naïve CD8+T‐cell compartment is thought to compromise the induction of de novo immune responses, but no experimental evidence is yet available in humans. Here, we used an original in vitro assay based on an accelerated dendritic cell coculture system in unfractioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells to examine CD8+ T‐cell priming efficacy in human volunteers. Using this approach, we report that old individuals consistently mount quantitatively and qualitatively impaired de novo CD8+ T‐cell responses specific for a model antigen. Reduced CD8+T‐cell priming capacity in vitro was further associated with poor primary immune responsiveness in vivo. This immune deficit likely arises as a consequence of intrinsic cellular defects and a reduction in the size of the naïve CD8+ T‐cell pool. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the cellular immune insufficiencies that accompany human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Briceño
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Anna Lissina
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Kerstin Wanke
- Division of Infectious Diseases University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Georgia Afonso
- INSERM, U1016 Institut Cochin Paris France
- CNRS, UMR8104 Paris France
- Faculté de Médecine Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Amrei Braun
- Division of Infectious Diseases University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Kristanto Ragon
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Tiphaine Miquel
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Emma Gostick
- Institute of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff Wales UK
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Department of Virology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - David A. Price
- Institute of Infection and Immunity Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff Wales UK
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016 Institut Cochin Paris France
- CNRS, UMR8104 Paris France
- Faculté de Médecine Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- Service de Diabétologie Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Cochin Paris France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI‐Paris) Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST CR7 F‐75013 Paris France
- CIMI‐Paris INSERM, U1135 F‐75013 Paris France
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14
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García F, Guardo AC, Maleno M, Papagno L, Bargalló M, Climent N, Autran B, Gatell J, Gallart T, Plana M. Cellular immune responses and changes in VL after a Dendritic Cells (DC)-based therapeutic vaccine in cART treated chronic HIV-infected patients with CD4 T cells above 450/mm. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441302 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-o42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Larsen M, Sauce D, Deback C, Arnaud L, Mathian A, Miyara M, Boutolleau D, Parizot C, Dorgham K, Papagno L, Appay V, Amoura Z, Gorochov G. Exhausted cytotoxic control of Epstein-Barr virus in human lupus. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002328. [PMID: 22028659 PMCID: PMC3197610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) pathology has long been associated with an increased Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) seropositivity, viremia and cross-reactive serum antibodies specific for both virus and self. It has therefore been postulated that EBV triggers SLE immunopathology, although the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we investigate whether frequent peaks of EBV viral load in SLE patients are a consequence of dysfunctional anti-EBV CD8+ T cell responses. Both inactive and active SLE patients (n = 76 and 42, respectively), have significantly elevated EBV viral loads (P = 0.003 and 0.002, respectively) compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 29). Interestingly, less EBV-specific CD8+ T cells are able to secrete multiple cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2 and MIP-1β) in inactive and active SLE patients compared to controls (P = 0.0003 and 0.0084, respectively). Moreover, EBV-specific CD8+ T cells are also less cytotoxic in SLE patients than in controls (CD107a expression: P = 0.0009, Granzyme B release: P = 0.0001). Importantly, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific responses were not found significantly altered in SLE patients. Furthermore, we demonstrate that EBV-specific CD8+ T cell impairment is a consequence of their Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) receptor up-regulation, as blocking this pathway reverses the dysfunctional phenotype. Finally, prospective monitoring of lupus patients revealed that disease flares precede EBV reactivation. In conclusion, EBV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in SLE patients are functionally impaired, but EBV reactivation appears to be an aggravating consequence rather than a cause of SLE immunopathology. We therefore propose that autoimmune B cell activation during flares drives frequent EBV reactivation, which contributes in a vicious circle to the perpetuation of immune activation in SLE patients. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) has been associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection for decades, however the mechanistic links have remained elusive. Most human adults are infected by EBV and carry the virus for life without clinical symptoms. However, for unknown reasons EBV induces infectious mononucleosis in some individuals, during which cross-reactive antibodies specific for both virus and self have been detected. Interestingly, such cross-reactive antibodies are also frequently found in SLE patients. Since, EBV seropositivity and viremia are more frequent in SLE patients than in healthy individuals, it has been postulated that EBV trigger autoimmunity. Here we show that SLE patients are indeed less capable of controlling EBV viremia, since their EBV-specific CD8+ T cells have diminished capacity to secrete effector molecules (e.g. cytokines and chemokines) and to kill EBV-infected targets as a consequence of their Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) receptor up-regulation. Longitudinal studies further reveal that disease flares precede EBV viremia. Thus, contrary to expectations, EBV reactivation appears to be an aggravating consequence, rather than a cause, of SLE immunopathology. Our results pave the way for immunological interventions that restore the host-EBV balance, which may result in decreased levels of aggravating cross-reactive antibodies and ultimately be beneficial to SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Larsen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
| | - Claire Deback
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Laboratoire AP-HP de Virologie, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence des Lupus et Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Mathian
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence des Lupus et Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Makoto Miyara
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence des Lupus et Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - David Boutolleau
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Laboratoire AP-HP de Virologie, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Karim Dorgham
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Laboratoire AP-HP d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence des Lupus et Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, C.H.U. Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) UMR-S 945, Paris, France
- UPMC Université Paris 06, Paris, France
- Laboratoire AP-HP d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Massanella M, Tural C, Papagno L, Garcia E, Jou A, Bofill M, Autran B, Clotet B, Blanco J. Changes in T-cell subsets in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients during pegylated interferon-alpha2a plus ribavirin treatment. Antivir Ther 2010; 15:333-42. [PMID: 20516553 DOI: 10.3851/imp1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the effect of different doses of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-alpha2a/ribavirin (RBV) on several T-cell activation markers in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients and their relationship with changes in plasma HCV RNA. METHODS Frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 22 patients receiving two different PEG-IFN-alpha2a schedules were analysed by six-colour flow cytometry. Cell-surface expression of CD38 was quantified. HIV and HCV viral loads, as well as absolute CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts, were recorded during the follow up (72 weeks). RESULTS PEG-IFN-alpha2a/RBV treatment decreased the absolute numbers of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells. The decrease in CD8+ T-cells was more pronounced, resulting in increased percentages of CD4+ T-cells. Percentages of naive/memory CD4+ T-cell subsets remained unchanged, although the percentage of CD38+CD45RO+ cells significantly increased. By contrast, the CD8+ T-cell compartment significantly reduced the percentage of CD45RO+ cells and HLA-DR+ cells, whereas the percentage of CD38 expressing cells was increased because of a significant increase in cell-surface CD38 expression. Changes in CD8+ T-cells were similar for both PEG-IFN-alpha2a/RBV doses, but high doses induced more severe perturbations in CD4+ T-cells. All changes returned to baseline levels after treatment cessation and, except for the loss of naive CD4+ T-cells, were not associated with virological response. CONCLUSIONS Transient lymphopaenia induced by PEG-IFN-alpha2a/RBV differentially affects T-cell subsets. Activated HLA-DR+ and CD45RO+ cells were selectively reduced in peripheral blood, whereas CD38 expression was up-regulated mainly in memory cells. Increasing PEG-IFN-alpha2a/RBV doses mainly affect CD4+ T-cells but failed to modify clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Massanella
- Fundació irsiCaixa-HIVACAT, Institut de Recerca en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Hospital Germans Trias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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17
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Almeida J, Sauce D, Price D, Papagno L, Shin S, Moris A, Larsen M, Pancino G, Douek D, Autran B, Saez-Cirion A, Appay V. P16-17. Antigen sensitivity is a major determinant of CD8+ T-cell polyfunctionality and HIV suppressive activity. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767744 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Murphy RL, Autran B, Katlama C, Brucker G, Debre P, Calvez V, Clotet B, Clumeck N, Costagliola D, Deeks SG, Dorrell L, Gatell J, Haase A, Klein M, Lazzarin A, McMichael AJ, Papagno L, Schacker TW, Wain-Hobson S, Walker BD, Youle M. A Step Ahead on the HIV Collaboratory. Science 2009; 324:1264-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.324_1264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Pacilé D, Papagno M, Rodríguez AF, Grioni M, Papagno L, Girit CO, Meyer JC, Begtrup GE, Zettl A. Near-edge x-ray absorption fine-structure investigation of graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:066806. [PMID: 18764491 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.066806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the near-edge x-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) spectrum of a single layer of graphite (graphene) obtained by micromechanical cleavage of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite on a SiO2 substrate. We utilized a photoemission electron microscope to separately study single-, double-, and few-layers graphene samples. In single-layer graphene we observe a splitting of the pi resonance and a clear signature of the predicted interlayer state. The NEXAFS data illustrate the rapid evolution of the electronic structure with the increased number of layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pacilé
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Dipartimento di Fisica Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
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20
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Almeida JR, Price DA, Papagno L, Arkoub ZA, Sauce D, Bornstein E, Asher TE, Samri A, Schnuriger A, Theodorou I, Costagliola D, Rouzioux C, Agut H, Marcelin AG, Douek D, Autran B, Appay V. Superior control of HIV-1 replication by CD8+ T cells is reflected by their avidity, polyfunctionality, and clonal turnover. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:2473-85. [PMID: 17893201 PMCID: PMC2118466 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The key attributes of CD8+ T cell protective immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remain unclear. We report that CD8+ T cell responses specific for Gag and, in particular, the immunodominant p24 epitope KK10 correlate with control of HIV-1 replication in human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)–B27 patients. To understand further the nature of CD8+ T cell–mediated antiviral efficacy, we performed a comprehensive study of CD8+ T cells specific for the HLA-B27–restricted epitope KK10 in chronic HIV-1 infection based on the use of multiparametric flow cytometry together with molecular clonotypic analysis and viral sequencing. We show that B27-KK10–specific CD8+ T cells are characterized by polyfunctional capabilities, increased clonal turnover, and superior functional avidity. Such attributes are interlinked and constitute the basis for effective control of HIV-1 replication. These data on the features of effective CD8+ T cells in HIV infection may aid in the development of successful T cell vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R Almeida
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, U543, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Avenir Group, 75013 Paris, France
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21
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Papagno L, Almeida JR, Nemes E, Autran B, Appay V. Cell permeabilization for the assessment of T lymphocyte polyfunctional capacity. J Immunol Methods 2007; 328:182-8. [PMID: 17920073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rapid progress in flow cytometry means that an increasing number of parameters can be looked at simultaneously, which is highly relevant for the assessment of lymphocyte characteristics, in particular their multifunctional profile. However, procedures using less complex technology need now optimization in order to take into account the new reagents and applications related to polychromatic flow cytometry. Through optimization of an immunomonitoring protocol to assess the functional profile of antigen specific T-cells using 9-10 colour flow cytometry, we tested the efficacy of three distinct standardized permeabilization buffers for the staining of relevant intracellular molecules. We show significant discrepancies in staining sensitivity for cytokine and cytotoxic factor expression from one permeabilization kit to another, which can lead to different data and interpretation. It is important to be aware of this potential bias and to design specific application/experimental procedures in order to obtain optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Papagno
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, INSERM U543, Avenir Group, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, Paris, France
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22
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Appay V, Almeida JR, Sauce D, Autran B, Papagno L. Accelerated immune senescence and HIV-1 infection. Exp Gerontol 2007; 42:432-7. [PMID: 17307327 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2006.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A recent consensus has emerged regarding the association between chronic immune activation and poor outcome in HIV-1 infection. However, its basis remains unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that the cells of the immune system may have a limited replicative lifespan in vivo. In this context, persistent activation during chronic HIV infection may lead to an exhaustion of immune resources. This may occur at two levels: Clonal and Global. Some HIV-1-specific CD8+ T-cells start expressing the senescence marker CD57 soon after primary infection. Persistently activated HIV-1-specific T-cell clones may eventually reach stages of replicative senescence and disappear, resulting in the specific loss of CD8+ T-cell populations important to control viral replication. In addition, HIV-1 infected individuals are characterized by the accumulation of highly differentiated CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells overtime. Together with the decline of T-cell renewal capacities, this may reflect a general ageing of the lymphocyte population. Similar observations have been done in HIV non-infected elderly individuals, which suggests that premature immunosenescence occurs in HIV-1 infection, as a result of persistent immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Appay
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, INSERM U543, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France.
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23
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Pacilé D, Cupolillo A, Giallombardo C, Papagno M, Papagno L. Chemical reactions of CO molecules catalysed by alkali-metal atoms on the Ni(111) surface. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Dong T, Stewart-Jones G, Chen N, Easterbrook P, Xu X, Papagno L, Appay V, Weekes M, Conlon C, Spina C, Little S, Screaton G, van der Merwe A, Richman DD, McMichael AJ, Jones EY, Rowland-Jones SL. HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells from long-term survivors select a unique T cell receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 200:1547-57. [PMID: 15596521 PMCID: PMC2212004 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20032044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are important in controlling HIV replication, but the magnitude of the CTL response does not predict clinical outcome. In four donors with delayed disease progression we identified Vβ13.2 T cell receptors (TCRs) with very similar and unusually long β-chain complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) regions in CTL specific for the immunodominant human histocompatibility leukocyte antigens (HLA)-B8–restricted human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) nef epitope, FLKEKGGL (FL8). CTL expressing Vβ13.2 TCRs tolerate naturally arising viral variants in the FL8 epitope that escape recognition by other CTL. In addition, they expand efficiently in vitro and are resistant to apoptosis, in contrast to FL8–specific CTL using other TCRs. Selection of Vβ13.2 TCRs by some patients early in the FL8-specific CTL response may be linked with better clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS UK
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25
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Cupolillo A, Chiarello G, Veltri F, Pacilè D, Papagno M, Formoso V, Colavita E, Papagno L. CO dissociation and CO2 formation catalysed by Na atoms adsorbed on Ni(111). Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Missale G, Papagno L, Penna A, Pilli M, Zerbini A, Vitali P, Pieroni G, Urbani S, Uggeri J, Pinheiro S, Rowland-Jones S, Ferrari C. Parenteral exposure to high HIV viremia leads to virus-specific T cell priming without evidence of infection. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:3208-15. [PMID: 15459901 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200424889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on CTL responses in HIV-exposed uninfected individuals assumed that the patients were exposed to replicating HIV, but the possibility that the immune responses detected were primed by exposure to a defective virus or viral antigen could not be excluded. Epidemiological and laboratory analysis of a nosocomial outbreak of acute hepatitis B unequivocally allowed the identification of an HIV-1- and HBV-co-infected patient with high plasma levels of both viruses, as the source case of the epidemics. This clinical setting provided a natural model for testing the HIV-specific T cell response in patients exposed to blood from a patient with highly replicating HIV. Parenteral exposure to both viruses led to acute hepatitis B in five subjects without evidence of HIV-1 infection. Cryopreserved lymphocytes derived from three exposed patients were tested ex vivo in an ELISPOT assay for IFN-gamma release upon stimulation with peptides from structural and non-structural HIV proteins; one of the patients was also tested with four HLA/class I tetramers. Circulating HIV-specific CD8 cells were detected by tetramer staining and a high frequency of T cells were able to release IFN-gamma upon stimulation with HIV peptides, showing in vivo T cell priming by HIV. These results unequivocally demonstrate a HIV-specific cell-mediated immune response in the absence of infection after exposure to highly replicating HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Missale
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia Virale, Divisione Malattie Infettive ed Epatologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
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27
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Xu F, Manicò G, Bonanno A, Barone P, Riccardi P, Oliva A, Cupolillo A, Papagno L. Electron energy loss spectrum of solid ethylene. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Papagno L, Spina CA, Marchant A, Salio M, Rufer N, Little S, Dong T, Chesney G, Waters A, Easterbrook P, Dunbar PR, Shepherd D, Cerundolo V, Emery V, Griffiths P, Conlon C, McMichael AJ, Richman DD, Rowland-Jones SL, Appay V. Immune activation and CD8+ T-cell differentiation towards senescence in HIV-1 infection. PLoS Biol 2004; 2:E20. [PMID: 14966528 PMCID: PMC340937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2003] [Accepted: 11/20/2003] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the fight against the HIV/AIDS epidemic is hindered by our failure to elucidate the precise reasons for the onset of immunodeficiency in HIV-1 infection. Increasing evidence suggests that elevated immune activation is associated with poor outcome in HIV-1 pathogenesis. However, the basis of this association remains unclear. Through ex vivo analysis of virus-specific CD8(+) T-cells and the use of an in vitro model of naïve CD8(+) T-cell priming, we show that the activation level and the differentiation state of T-cells are closely related. Acute HIV-1 infection induces massive activation of CD8(+) T-cells, affecting many cell populations, not only those specific for HIV-1, which results in further differentiation of these cells. HIV disease progression correlates with increased proportions of highly differentiated CD8(+) T-cells, which exhibit characteristics of replicative senescence and probably indicate a decline in T-cell competence of the infected person. The differentiation of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cells towards a state of replicative senescence is a natural process. It can be driven by excessive levels of immune stimulation. This may be part of the mechanism through which HIV-1-mediated immune activation exhausts the capacity of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Papagno
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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29
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Papagno L, Appay V, Sutton J, Rostron T, Gillespie GMA, Ogg GS, King A, Makadzanhge AT, Waters A, Balotta C, Vyakarnam A, Easterbrook PJ, Rowland-Jones SL. Comparison between HIV- and CMV-specific T cell responses in long-term HIV infected donors. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 130:509-17. [PMID: 12452843 PMCID: PMC1906546 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.02005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying non-progression in HIV-1 infection are not well understood; however, this state has been associated previously with strong HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses and the preservation of proliferative CD4+ T cell responses to HIV-1 antigens. Using a combination of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) ELISpot assays and tetramer staining, the HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell populations were quantified and characterized in untreated long-term HIV-1-infected non-progressors and individuals with slowly progressive disease, both in relation to CD4+ T cell responses, and in comparison with responses to cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens. High levels of CD8+ T cell responses specific for HIV-1 or CMV were observed, but neither their frequency nor their phenotype seemed to differ between the two patient groups. Moreover, while CMV-specific CD4+ T cell responses were preserved in these donors, IFN-gamma release by HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells was generally low. These data raise questions with regard to the role played by CD8+ T cells in the establishment and maintenance of long-term non-progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Papagno
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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30
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Appay V, Papagno L, Spina CA, Hansasuta P, King A, Jones L, Ogg GS, Little S, McMichael AJ, Richman DD, Rowland-Jones SL. Dynamics of T Cell Responses in HIV Infection. J Immunol 2002. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.1.607-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Appay V, Zaunders JJ, Papagno L, Sutton J, Jaramillo A, Waters A, Easterbrook P, Grey P, Smith D, McMichael AJ, Cooper DA, Rowland-Jones SL, Kelleher AD. Characterization of CD4(+) CTLs ex vivo. J Immunol 2002; 168:5954-8. [PMID: 12023402 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.11.5954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic potential of CD8(+) T cells and NK cells plays a crucial role in the immune response to pathogens. Although in vitro studies have reported that CD4(+) T cells are also able to mediate perforin-mediated killing, the in vivo existence and relevance of cytotoxic CD4(+) T cells have been the subject of debate. Here we show that a population of CD4(+) perforin(+) T cells is present in the circulation at low numbers in healthy donors and is markedly expanded in donors with chronic viral infections, in particular HIV infection, at all stages of the disease, including early primary infection. Ex vivo analysis shows that these cells have cytotoxic potential mediated through the release of perforin. In comparison with more classical CD4(+) T cells, this subset displays a distinct surface phenotype and functional profile most consistent with end-stage differentiated T cells and include Ag experienced CD4(+) T cells. The existence of CD4(+) cytotoxic T cells in vivo at relatively high levels in chronic viral infection suggests a role in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Appay
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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32
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Appay V, Dunbar PR, Callan M, Klenerman P, Gillespie GMA, Papagno L, Ogg GS, King A, Lechner F, Spina CA, Little S, Havlir DV, Richman DD, Gruener N, Pape G, Waters A, Easterbrook P, Salio M, Cerundolo V, McMichael AJ, Rowland-Jones SL. Memory CD8+ T cells vary in differentiation phenotype in different persistent virus infections. Nat Med 2002; 8:379-85. [PMID: 11927944 DOI: 10.1038/nm0402-379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1199] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The viruses HIV-1, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are characterized by the establishment of lifelong infection in the human host, where their replication is thought to be tightly controlled by virus-specific CD8+ T cells. Here we present detailed studies of the differentiation phenotype of these cells, which can be separated into three distinct subsets based on expression of the costimulatory receptors CD28 and CD27. Whereas CD8+ T cells specific for HIV, EBV and HCV exhibit similar characteristics during primary infection, there are significant enrichments at different stages of cellular differentiation in the chronic phase of persistent infection according to the viral specificity, which suggests that distinct memory T-cell populations are established in different virus infections. These findings challenge the current definitions of memory and effector subsets in humans, and suggest that ascribing effector and memory functions to subsets with different differentiation phenotypes is no longer appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Appay
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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33
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Appay V, Papagno L, Spina CA, Hansasuta P, King A, Jones L, Ogg GS, Little S, McMichael AJ, Richman DD, Rowland-Jones SL. Dynamics of T cell responses in HIV infection. J Immunol 2002; 168:3660-6. [PMID: 11907132 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells play a major role in the immune response against viruses. However, the dynamics of CD8(+) T cell responses during the course of a human infection are not well understood. Using tetrameric complexes in combination with a range of intracellular and extracellular markers, we present a detailed analysis of the changes in activation and differentiation undergone by Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells, in relation to Ag-specific CD4(+) T cell responses, in the context of a human infection: HIV-1. During primary HIV-1 infection, the initial population of HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells is highly activated and prone to apoptosis. The Ag-specific cells differentiate rapidly from naive to cells at a perforin low intermediate stage of differentiation, later forming a stable pool of resting cells as viral load decreases during chronic infection. These observations have significant implications for our understanding of T cell responses in human viral infections in general and indicate that the definition of effector and memory subsets in humans may need revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Appay
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Crescenzi MD, Colavita E, Papagno L, Chiarello G, Scarmozzino R, Caputi LS, Rosei R. Electronic properties of Fe80B20alloys: ordering and disordering effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4608/13/4/022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Tambussi G, Gori A, Capiluppi B, Balotta C, Papagno L, Morandini B, Di Pietro M, Ciuffreda D, Saracco A, Lazzarin A. Neurological symptoms during primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection correlate with high levels of HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30:962-5. [PMID: 10880317 DOI: 10.1086/313810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This analysis involves 22 patients with diagnosed symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Neurologic symptoms were present in 11 patients, ranging from severe and persistent headache to clinical signs suggestive of meningitis. A strong correlation between neurological symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load was found. The mean CSF HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) level was 4. 12 log for patients with neurological symptoms and 2.58 log for patients without neurological symptoms (P<.00001). Plasma viral load alone does not correlate or predict central nervous system (CNS) involvement. In our sample of patients, HIV RNA levels could be detected in most patients regardless of the presence of neurological symptoms. Moreover, early treatment including drugs with high levels of penetration in the CNS must be considered for patients with primary HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tambussi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20127 Milano, Italy.
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Balotta C, Berlusconi A, Pan A, Violin M, Riva C, Colombo MC, Gori A, Papagno L, Corvasce S, Mazzucchelli R, Facchi G, Velleca R, Saporetti G, Galli M, Rusconi S, Moroni M. Prevalence of transmitted nucleoside analogue-resistant HIV-1 strains and pre-existing mutations in pol reverse transcriptase and protease region: outcome after treatment in recently infected individuals. Antivir Ther 2000; 5:7-14. [PMID: 10846586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
We retrospectively studied 38 Italian recently HIV-1-infected subjects who seroconverted from 1994 to 1997 to investigate: (i) the prevalence of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)-related mutations at primary infection; (ii) the proportion of naturally occurring mutations in reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease regions of patients naive for non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs); (iii) the drug-susceptibility to NRTIs and PIs in subjects with NRTI- and/or PI-related mutations; and (iv) the outcome of seroconverters treated with various NRTIs or NRTI/PI regimens. Baseline HIV-1 plasma viraemia and absolute CD4 count at baseline could not be used to distinguish patients with NRTI- and/or PI-related pre-existing mutations from those with wild-type virus (P = 0.693 and P = 0.542, respectively). The frequency of zidovudine-related mutations was 21% in the study period. The response to treatment was not significantly different in subjects with or without genotypic zidovudine-related mutations at primary infection (P = 0.744 for HIV-1 RNA and P = 0.102 for CD4 cells). Some natural variation (2.6%) was present within regions 98-108 and 179-190 of RT involved in NNRTI resistance. The high natural polymorphism in the protease region present in our patients was similar to that reported by others. In our study some PI-associated substitutions, thought to be compensatory in protease enzymatic function, could confer intermediate to high PI-resistance. As discrepancies between genotypic and phenotypic results may exist in recent seroconverters, our data suggest that the role of transmitted NRTI- and PI-resistant variants remain to be fully elucidated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balotta
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
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Balotta C, Berlusconi A, Pan A, Violin M, Riva C, Colombo MC, Gori A, Papagno L, Corvasce S, Mazzucchelli R, Facchi G, Velleca R, Saporetti G, Galli M, Rusconi S, Moroni M. Prevalence of Transmitted Nucleoside Analogue-Resistant HIV-1 Strains and Pre-Existing Mutations in Pol Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Region: Outcome after Treatment in Recently Infected Individuals. Antivir Ther 2000. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350000500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively studied 38 Italian recently HIV-1-infected subjects who seroconverted from 1994 to 1997 to investigate: (i) the prevalence of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)-related mutations at primary infection; (ii) the proportion of naturally occurring mutations in reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease regions of patients naive for non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs); (iii) the drug-susceptibility to NRTIs and PIs in subjects with NRTI-and/or PI-related mutations; and (iv) the outcome of seroconverters treated with various NRTIs or NRTI/PI regimens. Baseline HIV-1 plasma viraemia and absolute CD4 count at baseline could not be used to distinguish patients with NRTI- and/or PI-related pre-existing mutations from those with wild-type virus ( P=0.693 and P=0.542, respectively). The frequency of zidovudine-related mutations was 21% in the study period. The response to treatment was not significantly different in subjects with or without genotypic zidovudine-related mutations at primary infection ( P=0.744 for HIV-1 RNA and P=0.102 for CD4 cells). Some natural variation (2.6%) was present within regions 98–108 and 179–190 of RT involved in NNRTI resistance. The high natural polymorphism in the protease region present in our patients was similar to that reported by others. In our study some PI-associated substitutions, thought to be compensatory in protease enzymatic function, could confer intermediate to high PI-resistance. As discrepancies between genotypic and phenotypic results may exist in recent seroconverters, our data suggest that the role of transmitted NRTI- and PI-resistant variants remain to be fully elucidated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Balotta
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Berlusconi
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Pan
- Azienda Ospedaliera, Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Divisione di Malattie Infettive, Cremona, Italy
| | - Michela Violin
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Riva
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - M Chiara Colombo
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gori
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Papagno
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Corvasce
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Renata Mazzucchelli
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Facchi
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Velleca
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Saporetti
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Galli
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Moroni
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ‘L. Sacco’ Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
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Balotta C, Bagnarelli P, Corvasce S, Mazzucchelli R, Colombo MC, Papagno L, Santambrogio S, Ridolfo AL, Violin M, Berlusconi A, Velleca R, Facchi G, Moroni M, Clementi M, Galli M. Identification of two distinct subsets of long-term nonprogressors with divergent viral activity by stromal-derived factor 1 chemokine gene polymorphism analysis. J Infect Dis 1999; 180:285-9. [PMID: 10395841 DOI: 10.1086/314864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1, the natural ligand for CXCR4, is present in a common polymorphic variant defined by a G-->A transition in the 3' untranslated region of the gene. In persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the homozygous genotype (SDF1-3'A/3'A) has been postulated to interfere with the appearance of T-tropic syncytium-inducing strains. The polymorphism of SDF1 was correlated with HIV-1 phenotype, plasma viremia, and unspliced and multiply spliced specific transcripts in 158 virologically characterized HIV-1-infected patients (39 recent seroconverters, 75 typical progressors, and 44 AIDS patients) and in 42 HIV-1-infected long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs). Analysis of SDF1 allele distribution revealed that SDF1-3'A/3'A status is associated with low CD4 cell count (P=.0449) but not with a specific HIV-1 phenotype. In LTNPs, SDF1-+/+ condition defined a subset of persons with lower HIV-1 replication than in heterozygous subjects. The low viral activity in SDF1-+/+ LTNPs suggests that other factors play a major role in vivo in determining the course of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balotta
- Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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Papagno L. Umbilical cord clamping. An analysis of a usual neonatological conduct. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Ther Latinoam 1999; 48:224-7. [PMID: 9914812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Here we described a critical analysis of the neonatological procedure of early cord clamping, meaning this, within 40 seconds after birth. Fifty three cases are here analysed, in which this practice was not performed, but instead a late umbilical cord clamping was done after birth or after the cord had stopped beating. Variations in hematocrito values within 24 to 36 hours after birth were studied. A transitory polycithemia, with a maximum peak 12 hours post-delivery was observed. These values returned to normal levels between 24 and 36 hours after birth. K vitamin was not administered to any of the newborns. No pathology appeared related to this transitory polycithemia. In can be concluded that the late umbilical cord clamping represents no risk to the new-born and that the pathological phenomena described under these circumstances may be attributed to the increase in K vitamin dependent coagulation factors that are induced by the routinary administration of phitonadione to all normal newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Papagno
- Complejo Médico Policial Churruca Visca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Galli M, Balotta C, Meroni L, Colombo MC, Papagno L, Bagnarelli P, Testa L, Varchetta S, Colombo L, Moroni M, d'Arminio Monforte A, Clerici M, Clementi M. Early increase in cell-associated HIV-1 DNA in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1998; 12:2500-2. [PMID: 9875591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Rusconi S, Berlusconi A, Papagno L, Colombo MC, De Maddalena C, Riva A, Bagnarelli P, Balotta C, Galli M. Patterns of in vitro anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody production in long-term nonprogressors. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1997; 85:320-3. [PMID: 9400632 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1997.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of evaluating the specific pattern of in vitro antibody production (IVAP) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected long-term non-progressors (LTNPs), we tested 20 subjects who had remained asymptomatic for more than 8 years with a CD4+ cell count higher than 500/microliter and 59 patients at different stages of HIV-1 infection as controls. In cell cultures, IVAP was detected in 14 out of 20 LTNPs (70%), in 5 out of 6 recent seroconverters (83%), and in all the other control patients. Anti-p24 antibody production was significantly lower in LTNPs than in asymptomatic patients with a more recent infection. Recent seroconverters and patients with AIDS did not produce anti-p24 antibodies (P = 0.02). Anti-gp160 antibodies were produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from LTNPs in 12/20 cases. CD4+ cell count was significantly higher in IVAP-negative than in IVAP-positive LTNPs (P = 0.013), while the viral load was not significantly different. Specific anti-HIV-1 antibody production did not seem to be a correlate of long-term nonprogression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rusconi
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Università di Milano, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Italy.
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Balotta C, Colombo MC, Colucci G, Viganò A, Riva C, Papagno L, Violin M, Crupi L, Bricalli D, Salvaggio A, Moroni M, Principi N, Galli M. Plasma viremia and virus phenotype are correlates of disease progression in vertically human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:205-11. [PMID: 9041602 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199702000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationships among HIV-1 plasma viremia, phenotype and CD4 T cell counts in vertically infected children. METHODS Plasma viremia was quantified in 37 vertically infected children at different stages of the disease by a standardized molecular assay. Virus isolation and non-syncytia-inducing or syncytia-inducing (SI) HIV-1 phenotype evaluation were performed in parallel. RESULTS HIV-1 RNA genomes were found to be significantly different in CDC clinical classes N, A, B and C (P = 0.0135) and in immunologic classes 1, 2 and 3 (P = 0.0110). None of the children in Class N or A harbored HIV-1 isolates with SI phenotype, whereas SI primary isolates were detected in 2 of 7 (29%) and 7 of 10 (70%) Class B and C children, respectively. Similarly SI variants were present in only 9 of 13 children in immunologic Class 3 (70%). When stratified according to the increasing severity of virologic status, the children showed a significant difference (P = 0.0458) in viral burden. CONCLUSIONS Clinical symptoms, the most dramatic being reduction in the number of CD4 lymphocytes, and the highest plasma viremia levels were observed in the children in whom fast replicating, highly cytopathic SI variants were isolated. These data extend the virologic characterization of vertically HIV-1 infected children and suggest that both the plasma viremia levels and phenotype of primary isolates are viral correlates of disease progression in vertically infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balotta
- Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, University of Milan, Italy.
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Clerici M, Balotta C, Trabattoni D, Papagno L, Ruzzante S, Rusconi S, Fusi ML, Colombo MC, Galli M. Chemokine production in HIV-seropositive long-term asymptomatic individuals. AIDS 1996; 10:1432-3. [PMID: 8902076 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199610000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Balotta C, Viganò A, Riva C, Colombo MC, Salvaggio A, de Pasquale MP, Crupi L, Papagno L, Galli M, Moroni M, Principi N. HIV type 1 phenotype correlates with the stage of infection in vertically infected children. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1996; 12:1247-53. [PMID: 8870846 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1996.12.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A cohort of 39 vertically infected children (class N, A, B, and C of the CDC HIV classification for pediatric infection) was studied by virus isolation and non-syncytium inducing (NSI)/syncytium inducing (SI) HIV-1 phenotype evaluation. The HIV-1 isolates were recovered from PBMCs and the MT-2 cell line was used to perform the syncytium assay. HIV-1 could be isolated in 34 of 39 (87%) infected children, regardless of the clinical and immunological stage of the disease. Class N and A subjects harbored exclusively NSI strains, whereas the SI phenotype was detected in two of eight class B and five of nine class C patients. All of the SI variants were observed in severely CD4-depleted children (class 3 patients). The capability of pediatric HIV-1 isolates to induce a cytopathic effect is associated with the clinical status and the degree of CD4 depletion. These data suggest that the biological properties of HIV-1 isolates in children do not differ from those observed in adults, and that viral phenotype strictly correlates with disease progression in vertically infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balotta
- Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, University of Milan, Italy
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Caputi LS, Comite O, Amoddeo A, Chiarello G, Scalese S, Colavita E, Papagno L. Surface Holography by Angle-Resolved Electron-Energy-Loss Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 77:1059-1062. [PMID: 10062980 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Clerici M, Balotta C, Salvaggio A, Riva C, Trabattoni D, Papagno L, Berlusconi A, Rusconi S, Villa ML, Moroni M, Galli M. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) phenotype and interleukin-2/ interleukin-10 ratio are associated markers of protection and progression in HIV infection. Blood 1996; 88:574-9. [PMID: 8695805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolability, rate of viral replication, HIV phenotype, type 1 and type 2 cytokine production, and CD4 counts were cross sectionally analyzed in 63 HIV seropositive (HIV+) individuals to establish possible correlations between virologic and immunologic markers of protection and progression. We observed that these markers are tightly correlated. Thus, lack or low prevalence of HIV isolability and the presence of nonsyncitium inducing strains are associated with the strongest type 1 cytokine production, the weakest type 2 cytokine production, and highest CD4 counts. Conversely, the isolation of highly replicating, syncitium-inducing HIV strains is associated with the weakest type 1 cytokine production, the strongest type 2 cytokine production, and lowest CD4 counts. Additionally, it was determined that the interleukin (IL)-10/IL-2 ratio best discriminates among different virologic scenarios. These data suggest that the virologic and immunologic correlates of disease protection and progression might be associated variables that define two different subsets of HIV+ individuals and lend support to a viro-immunologic hypothesis of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clerici
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Padiglione L.I.T.A., Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Italy
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Chiarello G, Cupolillo A, Amoddeo A, Caputi LS, Papagno L, Colavita E. K-induced surface vibrations on Ni(111). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 52:4752-4755. [PMID: 9981651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.4752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Papagno L, Conti M, Caputi LS, Anderson J, Lapeyre GJ. Angle-resolved photoemission investigation of the (2 x 1) carbidic carbon on Ni(110). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:1904-1909. [PMID: 9999730 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Caputi LS, Amoddeo A, Tucci R, Papagno L. Structure of the (2 x 1) carbidic carbon on Ni(110). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:1357-1359. [PMID: 9999653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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50
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Papagno L, Caputi LS, Anderson J, Lapeyre GJ. Comparative study of water adsorption on Ge(100)-(2 x 1) and GexSi1-x(100)-(2 x 1) by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 40:8443-8445. [PMID: 9991308 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.8443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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