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Lou L, Du SX, Fu YT, Shao QQ, Guo WL, Zong YP, Qin MM, Tian XX, Li YH. [Acidophil stem cell pituitary neuroendocrine tumors/adenoma: a clinicopathological analysis of five cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:446-451. [PMID: 38678324 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231019-00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of acidophil stem cell pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET)/adenoma. Methods: Five cases of acidophil stem cell PitNET/adenoma were diagnosed between May 2022 and July 2023 at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China. The clinicopathological features of the tumor were analyzed by using histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were 1 male and 4 females, aged from 23 to 69 years. Patient 3 was 55 years old at the time of diagnosis and first surgery, and relapsed 5 years later. The patients' median age was 32 years. Patients 1 and 5 showed elevated blood prolactin, with various degrees of hormonal symptoms except Patient 3, who showed only tumor compression symptoms. Imaging studies showed that all cases involved the sellar floor. The tumors of Patients 1, 2 and 5 were closely related to the cavernous sinus segment of the internal carotid artery. The tumors exhibited a diffuse growth pattern with chromophobic to slightly acidophilic cytoplasm. A few of tumor cells showed chromophobic cytoplasm. The nucleoli were conspicuous. Intranuclear inclusion bodies and variably-sized clear vacuoles were observed occasionally. Under electron microscope, marked mitochondrial abnormalities were observed, including increased mitochondria number, expanded hypertrophy, and absence of mitochondrial ridge fracture. Some mitochondrial matrices were dense, while some were vacuolated. Conclusions: Acidophil stem cell PitNET/adenoma is a rare type of pituitary adenomas/PitNETs. It often has a more clinically aggressive manner with immature cells, diffuse expression of PIT1, prolactin, and varying degrees of growth hormone expression. Because of the obvious diversity of their clinical hormone status and hormone immune expression, the diagnosis of this type tumor is still a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - S X Du
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Y T Fu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Q Q Shao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - W L Guo
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Y P Zong
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - M M Qin
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - X X Tian
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Y H Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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Li ZH, Lou L, Chen YX, Shi W, Zhang X, Yang J. Severe hypoxemia after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation in palliatively repaired tetralogy of Fallot: A case report. World J Cardiol 2024; 16:161-167. [PMID: 38576523 PMCID: PMC10989222 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) often have arrhythmias, commonly being atrial fibrillation (AF). Radiofrequency ablation is an effective treatment for AF and does not usually cause severe postoperative hypoxemia, but the risk of complications may increase in patients with conditions such as TOF. CASE SUMMARY We report a young male patient with a history of TOF repair who developed severe hypoxemia after radiofrequency ablation for AF and was ultimately confirmed to have a new right-to-left shunt. The patient subsequently underwent atrial septal occlusion and eventually recovered. CONCLUSION Radiofrequency ablation may cause iatrogenic atrial septal injury; thus possible complications should be predicted in order to ensure successful treatment and patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Fu T, Chen Y, Lou L, Li Z, Shi W, Zhang X, Yang J. Risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with multiple myeloma: what is known and directions for future study. Egypt Heart J 2024; 76:14. [PMID: 38300373 PMCID: PMC10834890 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a prevalent hematological tumor, and recent clinical data have highlighted the significance of atrial fibrillation (AF) as a crucial complication affecting the prognosis of MM. This review aims to consolidate findings from published clinical studies, focusing on the epidemiological characteristics of AF in MM patients and the associated risks arising from MM treatments such as autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, proteasome inhibitors, and immunomodulatory agents. MAIN BODY While existing data partially demonstrate a strong correlation between MM and AF, further clinical studies are necessary to comprehensively investigate their association. These studies should encompass various aspects, including the risk of AF resulting from MM treatment, the impact of AF-induced embolic events and heart failure on MM prognosis, as well as the influence of AF management methods like catheter ablation or left atrial appendage closure on MM prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The supplementation of future data will provide more precise guidance for managing MM patients. By incorporating information regarding AF risk associated with MM treatment and examining the effects of AF management strategies on MM prognosis, healthcare professionals can enhance their decision-making process when caring for individuals with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Hendrickson P, Oristian KM, Lou L, Ma Y, Cardona DM, Kirsch DG. Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of CIC-DUX4 Sarcoma Reveal an Unexpected Sensitivity to Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibition. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S102-S103. [PMID: 37784272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas constitute a highly aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcoma that affects adolescents and young adults. Frequently, these cancers are caused by a gene fusion between the DNA binding domain of capicua (CIC), a canonical tumor suppressor that normally acts as a transcriptional repressor, with the transcriptional activation domain of double homeobox 4 (DUX4). Given the rare nature of CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS), obtaining patient tissues to study the mechanisms of disease is very challenging. Moreover, conducting clinical trials to identify radiosensitizers or other novel treatments is not possible underscoring the need for a primary animal model. Here, we report the development and characterization of the first genetically engineered mouse model of CDS and the use of this model to investigate novel therapies. MATERIALS/METHODS Using Cre-loxP technology, three genetically engineered mouse models of CDS were developed. The resulting tumors were characterized by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and RNA-sequencing. Cell lines from multiple primary and metastatic tumors were derived and used for Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChiP) sequencing, Rapid Immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of Endogenous proteins (RIME), and targeted drug screening. RESULTS In all three models, spontaneous (Cre-independent) recombination occurred in chimeric animals resulting in the formation of soft tissue tumors, widespread metastasis to the lungs, liver, and brain, and 100% lethality within 4-8 weeks of life. The tumors histologically resembled human CDS and stained positive for an HA (hemagglutinin) epitope tag confirming transgene expression. Of 108 chimeric pups (generation 0, G0), only one male bred before succumbing to metastatic disease. G2 progeny now exhibit resistance to spontaneous recombination and tumor development enabling reliable propagation of one of the models for experimentation. Using tumor derived cell lines for integrative analyses of multi-omics datasets, we find evidence for a model where CIC-DUX4 functions as a neomorphic and oncogenic transcriptional activator, which cooperates with ETS family transcription factors to drive the CDS transcriptional program. Lastly, small molecule epigenetic drug screens in mouse and human CDS cell lines point to an unexpected sensitivity to HDAC inhibitors, which we hypothesize may be attributable to ETS factor hyperactivity. CONCLUSION Genetically engineered mouse models of CIC-DUX4 sarcoma form tumors that recapitulate the human disease. Using mouse tumors and tumor-derived cell lines, we identify a mechanistic role and potential therapeutic vulnerability that converges on the ETS family transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hendrickson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - K M Oristian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - L Lou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - D M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - D G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC
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Chen Y, Lou L, Zhang X, Jin L, Chen Y, Chen L, Li Z, Zhang F, Fu T, Hu S, Yang J. Association between circulating leukocytes and arrhythmias: Mendelian randomization analysis in immuno-cardiac electrophysiology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1041591. [PMID: 37090734 PMCID: PMC10113438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1041591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCardiac arrhythmia is a common disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. Circulating leukocyte counts, which serve as a biomarker for assessing systemic immune status, have been linked to arrhythmias in observational studies. However, observational studies are plagued by confounding factors and reverse causality, whether alterations in circulating leukocyte components are causally associated with arrhythmias remains uncertain. The present study explored this question based on genetic evidence.Methods and findingsWe performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate whether alterations in leukocyte counts affect aggregated risk of all types of arrhythmia or risk of five specific types of arrhythmia. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms serving as proxies for leukocyte differential counts were retrieved from the Blood Cell Consortium, and statistical data on arrhythmias were obtained from the UK Biobank), FinnGenand a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for atrial fibrillation. We applied inverse variance-weighted method as the primary analysis, complemented by a series of sensitivity analyses. Bidirectional analyses were conducted to assess reverse causality. Finally, multivariable MR was performed to study the joint effects of multiple risk factors. We found that genetically predicted differential leukocyte counts were not significantly associated with aggregated occurrence of all types of arrhythmia. In contrast, each 1-standard deviation increase in lymphocyte count was associated with 46% higher risk of atrioventricular block (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.11–1.93, p=0.0065). A similar effect size was observed across all MR sensitivity analyses, with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. Reverse MR analysis suggested that atrioventricular block was unlikely to cause changes in lymphocyte count. Primary MR analysis based on the inverse-variance weighted method suggested that changes in neutrophil count alter risk of right bundle branch block, and changes in basophil count alter risk of atrial fibrillation. However, these causal relationships were not robust in sensitivity analyses. We found no compelling evidence that neutrophil or lymphocyte counts cause atrial fibrillation.ConclusionOur data support higher lymphocyte count as a causal risk factor for atrioventricular block. These results highlight the importance of immune cells in the pathogenesis of specific cardiac conduction disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyang Jin
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lele Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Central Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Shenjiang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang C, Wang XY, Lou L, Zhang X, Chen LL, Chen YX, Yang J. Pacemaker and Atrioventricular Junction Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation—A Systematic Review of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:587297. [PMID: 35127840 PMCID: PMC8810654 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.587297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) could be considered for heart failure (HF) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) unless a potent ventricular capture strategy is conducted. However, the benefit of a pacemaker (PM; as part of CRT) in patients with AF and whether atrioventricular junction (or nodal) ablation (AVAB) can improve the prognosis of these patients compared with those treated medically to support ventricular capture are unclear. Methods and Results Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the roles of PMs and AVAB in patients with AF were obtained in a search of the PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases and then analyzed with respect to the following outcomes: mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction, and clinical findings including the New York Heart Association class, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), quality of life as assessed in a specific questionnaire, and response to CRT. The quality of the included reviews was assessed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 tool, which includes 16 items. This study was finally based on 13 systematic reviews or meta-analyses. The results showed that patients with AF have higher all-cause mortality rates compared with patients with sinus rhythm and that AVAB can reduce all-cause mortality in patients with AF. Although the functional improvement was better in sinus rhythm than in patients with AF, in the latter, AVAB increased the 6MWD and reduced the CRT nonresponse rate in patients with AF. Conclusion Atrial fibrillation is associated with a higher all-cause mortality rate in patients with CRT implantation. AVAB, by increasing the 6MWD and survival, can improve the prognosis of these patients.
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Yang J, Lou L, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhou W, Zhang C, Guo X, Hu S. The Relationship between Uric Acid and the Development, Complication, and Prognosis of Atrial Fibrillation: The Views from a Clinical Study. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:9355504. [PMID: 36340931 PMCID: PMC9633180 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9355504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies suggest that uric acid (UA) is related to the occurrence, complications, and prognosis of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the guidelines did not clearly elaborate on this issue. The current research results need to be summarized to analyze the association between UA and AF. This study found that in the current clinical research on the relationship between UA and AF, studies mainly focus on the development or complications of AF. A lot of repetitive work does not deepen awareness of this question. In contrast, studies investigating the effects of UA-lowering therapy on the management of AF are limited. The only reports deny the protective effect of UA-lowering therapy. For now, we suggest that UA is close to the occurrence and progression of AF; therefore, it may have important significance as a clinical marker. The role of UA-lowering therapy in the management of AF is one of the next key issues to be explored. It will be a meaningful topic to focus on the latest research on AF ablation and to conduct a secondary analysis to explore the prognostic impact of UA on the latest treatment methods for AF. Multiomics techniques may allow us to have a deeper understanding of the role of UA in AF management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weier Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenjiang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Wang X, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhao C, Zhou W, Chen W, Zhang C, Ding K, Li W, Xu H, Lou L, Chu Z, Hu S, Yang J. Cardiac-specific deletion of FDPS induces cardiac remodeling and dysfunction by enhancing the activity of small GTP-binding proteins. J Pathol 2021; 255:438-450. [PMID: 34467534 DOI: 10.1002/path.5789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway is essential for cholesterol biosynthesis. Previous studies have suggested that the key enzyme in this pathway, farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), regulates the cardiovascular system. We used human samples and mice that were deficient in cardiac FDPS (c-Fdps-/- mice) to investigate the role of FDPS in cardiac homeostasis. Cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography. Left ventricles were examined and tested for histological and molecular markers of cardiac remodeling. Our results showed that FDPS levels were downregulated in samples from patients with cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, c-Fdps-/- mice exhibited cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. This dysfunction was associated with abnormal activation of Ras and Rheb, which may be due to the accumulation of geranyl pyrophosphate. Activation of Ras and Rheb stimulated downstream mTOR and ERK pathways. Moreover, administration of farnesyltransferase inhibitors attenuated cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in c-Fdps-/- mice. These results indicate that FDPS plays an important role in cardiac homeostasis. Deletion of FDPS stimulates the downstream mTOR and ERK signaling pathways, resulting in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chenze Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weier Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wanwan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Kejun Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenliang Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - ShenJiang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Zhang X, Wang H, Lou L, Li Q, Zhang L, Ge Y. Transcript expression profiling of fibromelanosis-related genes in black-bone chickens. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:133-141. [PMID: 34402346 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1966750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolic pathways involved in this phenotype. Fibromelanosis is the most striking feature of black-bone chickens, such as the Silkie and Dongxiang indigenous breeds. Due to the accumulation of eumelanin in connective tissues, fibromelanosis manifests as black colouration of the skin, muscles, gut, and periosteum. Studies on fibromelanosis can provide useful information pertaining to human diseases and offer commercial value to the poultry industry. However, the genetic basis of fibromelanosis remains unclear.2. Digital gene expression analysis was performed on black and white skin samples collected from the HW1 black-bone chicken line to detect differences in genome-wide expression patterns. A total of >30 billion bp were sequenced, and 2,707,926,466 bp and 2,948,782,964 bp of clean data obtained for creation of libraries for black and white skin, respectively. In total, 252 DEGs from 15,508 mapped genes were identified with 83 up-regulated in white skin and 169 up-regulated in black skin.3. Gene ontology analysis highlighted that genes from the extracellular region and associated components were abundant among the DEGs. Pathway analysis revealed that many DEGs were linked to amino acid metabolism and the immune system. qRT-PCR validation using 14 genes showed good conformity with the sequence analysis of fibromelanosis-related genes.4. The results showed that L-dopachrometautomerase precursor (DCT), tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD) from the tyrosine metabolism pathway, coagulation factor II (F2), fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), plasminogen (PLG) and complement component 7 (C7) from the complement and coagulation cascades were important genes in the fibromelanosis process in black-bone chickens. These candidate genes require further correlation analysis and functional verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Lou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Ge
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Chen X, Lou L, Tang H, Tan X, Bi J, Wu H, Li N, Wang Y, Mao J. Adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis alters the gut bacterial microbiota in patients with active ulcerative colitis. J Clin Apher 2021; 36:454-464. [PMID: 33598970 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory disease with unclear etiology. Studies have shown that UC is closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis (GMA) using an Adacolumn has been found to treat UC effectively, but its underlying mechanism of treatment has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of GMA on the gut microbiota in patients with active UC. METHODS We conducted a single-center prospective analysis of patients with active UC who received GMA therapy and ultimately achieved clinical remission. Stool samples of healthy controls and patients before and after 5 or 10 sessions of GMA therapy were collected. Subsequently, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3 and V4 gene region of the stool was conducted and clustering of operational taxonomic units and species annotation were performed. RESULTS Gut microbial profiles in patients with UC were characterized by low bacterial diversity. After 5 or 10 sessions of GMA therapy, the gut microbiota diversity in patients with UC increased and was similar to that of healthy controls. UC was further characterized by increased abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides, as well as decreased abundances of Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Firmicutes, and Dialister; however, after GMA therapy, the abundance of Bacteroides decreased, whereas those of Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Firmicutes increased. CONCLUSIONS Active UC is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. GMA therapy exerts a strong regulatory effect on the gut microbiota in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, 967 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Bi
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingde Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingwei Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Zhang X, Hu M, Wang X, Zhang C, Chen W, Chen S, Zhou J, Chen Y, Lou L, Chen G, Dong F, Hu S, Zheng L, Yang J. New perspective on the risk markers for left atrial thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 28:641-647. [PMID: 33611443 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320912084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticoagulant therapy is one of the important aspects of atrial fibrillation (AF) management, which can effectively reduce the formation of left atrial thrombosis (LAT) and the occurrence of embolic events. The CHA2DS2-VASc score is a commonly used risk assessment tool for embolic events, and it has guiding significance for anticoagulant therapy. However, a large number of recent studies have clearly shown that some of the markers that are not included in the score affect the formation of LAT. OBJECTIVE This single-center study probed for risk markers for LAT by analyzing the clinical features of patients who experienced AF. METHODS We reviewed patients with AF who had undergone a transesophageal echocardiography exam over the past 6 years and used binary logistic regression analysis to identify risk markers other than CHA2DS2-VASc score. For the risk markers found, the propensity score matching (PSM) was used to further evaluate whether it was an independent risk marker for LAT. The newly discovered markers were added to the score, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate whether the ability of the model to predict LAT was improved. RESULTS A total of 2246 patients were included in the study. In total, 838 of them were anticoagulated (314 with rivaroxaban, 57 with dabigatran, and 467 with warfarin) and 30 patients (1.33%) had LAT. Regression analysis revealed abnormal uric acid metabolism (abUA) and obesity were risk markers for LAT. Further PSM analysis found that abUA was an independent risk marker for LAT. After including abUA, the CHA2DS2-VASc score was more accurate for LAT prediction (area under the curve difference is 0.0651, 95% confidence interval: 0.0247, 0.1050, Z = 3.158, P = 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS AbUA is an independent risk marker for LAT. After considering abUA, the CHA2DS2-VASc score for LAT is more accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanwan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songzan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Lou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanghong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenjiang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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An P, Zhao Y, Yang FL, Zheng YB, Du JT, Lou L. [Effect of intratympanic injection of budesonide for otitis media with effusion in adolescents and adults]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1231-1237. [PMID: 29798368 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.16.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To assess the longitudinal curative effect and improvement of subjective symptoms by using intratympanic injection of budesonide (BUD) for OME patients over 12 years old and adults.Method:One hundred and eighty patients who were diagnosed as OME were recruited. A single-blind, randomized, parallel-control prospective study was performed. Dexamethasone (DEX) and sodium chloride (NS) were served as controls. The patients were randomly assigned into three groups, which respectively received intratympanic injection of BUD (0.5 mg/ml), DEX (5 mg/ml) or 0.9% NS solution (1 ml) once a week. Survival analysis was applied to compare the longitudinal curative effect among the three groups. Meanwhile, seven main subjective symptoms were scored by 10-point visual scale (VAS) and physician's evaluations were preformed during treatment and follow-up.Result:After adjustement for course of disease, volume and characters of effusion, the relative risk (RR) of BUD was 0.131 (95%CI: 0.053-0.354) when compared with NS. Survival curve showed, in BUD group, about 96.6%(57/59) of patients maintained effectiveness more than 3 months, 83.1%(49/59) were more than 1 year, and 81.4%(48/59) of the patients could sustain longer than 3 years. In DEX group, 73.2%(41/56) of patients showed effectiveness more than 3 months, 46.4%(26/56) were more than 1 year, and 42.9%(24/56) of the patients could sustain longer than 3 years. While in NS group, 50.8%(33/65) of the patients showed effectiveness more than 3 months, 26.2% (17/65) were more than 1 year, and 20.0%(13/65) of the patients could sustain longer than 3 years. Survival curve demonstrated that the rank of longitudinal therapeutic efficacy was BUD, DEX and NS (P< 0.05). Both BUD and DEX showed improvements in subjective symptoms and quality of life (except for mental stress) compared with NS (P< 0.05). In the aspect of improving the symptom of stuffy ear, BUD showed advantage over both DEX and NS. During and after treatment, no serious complications or sequelae were observed.Conclusion:Intratympanic injection with BUD for OME patients showed advantages in improving long-term therapeutic efficacy, it was a safe as well as effective intervention for children over age of 12 and adults suffering from OME.
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Affiliation(s)
- P An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
| | - F L Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Suining Central Hospital
| | - Y B Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
| | - J T Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
| | - L Lou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
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Afzal S, Begum N, Zhao H, Fang Z, Lou L, Cai Q. Influence of endophytic root bacteria on the growth, cadmium tolerance and uptake of switchgrass (Panicum virgatumL.). J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:498-510. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Afzal
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
- Girls Degree College no.1; Gomal University; Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan
| | - N. Begum
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - H. Zhao
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Z. Fang
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - L. Lou
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Q. Cai
- College of Life Sciences; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
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Lou L, Zhou P, Qin XL, Lv D, An P, Chen M, Gao Y, Wen Y. [Application of tragus cartilage in the repair of cerebrospinal otorrhea:a report of 7 cases]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1331-1332. [PMID: 29797984 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.16.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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15
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Lou L, Zhu J, Lv D, Chen QR, Yang JM, Qin XL. [Modified radical mastoidectomy on"drum sinus" type chronic suppurative otitis media:our experience]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1068-1071. [PMID: 29798041 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.13.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To our experience of modified radical mastoidectomy on "drum sinus" type chronic suppurative otitis media.Method:We measured the size of tympanic sinus,the extent of meningeal plate lowering and the extent of sigmoid ante-displacement in 54 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media,and determined the criterion of "drum sinus".The patients who comply with the criterion received modified radical mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty via epitympanum approach.The patients were followed up for at least 3 months,The time of dry ear,growth of repaired tympanic membrane,and any complications such as dizziness,facial paralysis,cerebrospinal fluid leakage were recorded.Result:Twenty-nine out of the 54 CSOM patients complied with the criterion of drum sinus.Two cases were lost to follow-up.Therefore,27 cases were included in the study.Three months after the operation,the rate of dry ear was 81.5% Tympanic membrane was successfully repaired in 77.8% of the patients.Three cases had dizziness after operation.No facial paralysis or cerebrospinal fluid leakage was observed.Conclusion:For"drum sinus" type chronic suppurative otitis media,the modified radical mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty via epitympanum approach can be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology,Tianfu New Area People's Hospital of Chengdu
| | - D Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - Q R Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - J M Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
| | - X L Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610041,China
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Chen SD, Hou PF, Lou L, Jin X, Wang TH, Xu JL. The correlation between MR diffusion-weighted imaging and pathological grades on glioma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:1904-1909. [PMID: 25010621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work intends to quantitatively analyze on pathological grade of glioma using Magnetic Resonance (MR) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and exploring the relativity of pathological grade and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) value of MR diffusion weighted imaging. PATIENTS AND METHODS 40 patients with glioma accepted the MR diffusion weighted imaging to measure the ADC value of tumor with 3.0T MR machine before the surgery. Tumor samples were sent for pathologic diagnosis and tumor cell density measurement after the operation. The acquired data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The ADC values of low-grade (WHO I-II) glioma were higher than that of high-grade (WHO III-IV), but the cell density of low-grade glioma was apparently lower than that of high-grade glioma. The ADC values and density of tumor cells were negatively correlated with WHO malignant grades, while the density of cells of glioma was positively correlated with WHO malignant grades. CONCLUSIONS MR diffusion weighted imaging is an objective and effective examination method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-D Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Tsui
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Chai H, Chen WZ, Zhu J, Xu Y, Lou L, Yang T, He W, Wang W. Processing of facial expressions of emotions in healthy volunteers: an exploration with event-related potentials and personality traits. Neurophysiol Clin 2012. [PMID: 23181967 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2012.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Previous studies have shown that event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by anxiety or psychopathic personality traits. Therefore, we hypothesized that the automatic processing of facial expressions of emotions (FEE) is also correlated with related disordered personality traits. METHODS Thirty-seven healthy volunteers underwent both an "oddball" ERP recording to facial expressions of Anger, Happiness, Sadness, and Neutral, and a test of the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP). RESULTS Mean reaction time was longer in response to anger than to other facial expressions. Facial expressions of Anger, Happiness and Sadness did not affect N1 (N170). By contrast, Happiness elicited a delayed P2, Anger elicited both a smaller N2 and a delayed P3b, and both Happiness and Anger elicited a P3b of higher amplitude. In addition, P3a latencies to Happiness were negatively correlated with DAPP Identity problems, and P3b latencies to Happiness were negatively correlated with DAPP Stimulus seeking, Callousness, Passive aggressivity, and Narcissism. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that Anger implicitly captures attentional resources, and Happiness triggers more facilitated processing in individuals with dissocial traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chai
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Pino CJ, Lou L, Smith PL, Ding F, Pagani FD, Buffington DA, Humes HD. A selective cytopheretic inhibitory device for use during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Perfusion 2012; 27:311-9. [PMID: 22508804 DOI: 10.1177/0267659112444944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) can occur in association with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, resulting in multiple organ dysfunction (MOD). Activated neutrophils have been implicated as major inciting factors in this process. Neutrophil-depleting filters incorporated within the extracorporeal blood circuit during CPB have been developed and evaluated, with inconsistent clinical results. METHODS A novel, biomimetic, selective cytopheretic device (SCD) was tested in vitro within a blood circuit to assess safety and interactions with blood components and further evaluated ex vivo in a bovine model of CPB surgery during ventricular assist device implantation. RESULTS In vitro blood circuit studies demonstrated that the SCD reduces circulating neutrophils while maintaining low rates of hemolysis compared to current leukocyte-reduction filters. In the bovine CPB model, animals without SCD treatment (No SCD) demonstrated an increase in circulating white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts, steadily increasing throughout CPB. SCD with only systemic heparin anticoagulation (SCD-H) acutely reduced neutrophils for the first 2 hrs of CPB, but followed with a greater than 6-fold increase in neutrophil counts. SCD treatment with regional citrate anticoagulation along the SCD circuit (SCD-C) reduced systemic neutrophil counts throughout 4 hrs of CPB despite lower amounts of eluted cells from the SCD. When analyzed for immature neutrophils, the control and SCD-H showed increasing counts at later time-points, not seen in the SCD-C group, suggesting a more complex mechanism of action than simple leukoreduction. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that SCD-C therapy may disrupt the systemic leukocyte response during CPB, leading to improved outcomes for CPB-mediated MOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Pino
- Innovative BioTherapies Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
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Zhu JM, Zhao YY, Chen SD, Zhang WH, Lou L, Jin X. Functional recovery after transplantation of neural stem cells modified by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rats with cerebral ischaemia. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:488-98. [PMID: 21672352 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional recovery after transplantation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-modified neural stem cells (NSCs) was evaluated in a rat model of cerebral ischaemia damage induced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated upregulated BDNF protein expression by rat embryonic NSCs transfected with the human BDNF gene (BDNF-NSCs). BDNF-NSCs stimulated neurite outgrowth in cocultured dorsal root ganglion neurons, suggesting that BDNF increased neurogenesis in vitro. In vivo, BDNF promoted recovery of tMCAO. Phosphate-buffered saline, untransformed NSCs or BDNF-NSCs were introduced into the penumbra zone of the right striatum of tMCAO rats and neurological function deficit was assessed for up to 12 weeks using the neurological severity score (NSS). The NSS was significantly lower in the BDNF-NSC transfected transplant group than in all the other groups from week 10. BDNF-NSCs recovered 1 week after transplantation expressed BDNF protein. Transplanted NSCs had differentiated into mature neurons 12 weeks after transplantation. Transgenic NSCs have potential as a therapeutic agent for brain ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang Y, Yu L, Wang J, Lou L, Du W, Zhu Z, Peng H, Zhu J. A novel l-lactate sensor based on enzyme electrode modified with ZnO nanoparticles and multiwall carbon nanotubes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wu, Zhai J, Zhang D, Lou L, Wang S. Effects of YiqiHuoxue medicine on ventricular fibrillation threshold and connexin 43 in rats with myocardial infarction. Heart 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Prhavc M, Dyatkina N, Keicher J, Liehr S, Koo-McCoy S, Latour D, Fung K, Dunlop K, Pouliot J, Wang T, Li W, Lou L, Roberts C, Griffith R. Synthesis and Biological Activity of 7-Deaza-7-ethynyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyladenosine and its 2'-C-Methyl-ribo Analogue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008:643-4. [DOI: 10.1093/nass/nrn325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Du L, Zhu X, Gerber R, Huffman J, Lou L, Jorgenson J, Yu F, Zaleta-Rivera K, Wang Q. Biosynthesis of sphinganine-analog mycotoxins. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:455-64. [PMID: 18214562 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMT) are polyketide-derived natural products produced by a number of plant pathogenic fungi and are among the most economically important mycotoxins. The toxins are structurally similar to sphinganine, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ceramides and sphingolipids, and competitive inhibitors for ceramide synthase. The inhibition of ceramide and sphingolipid biosynthesis is associated with several fatal diseases in domestic animals and esophageal cancer and neural tube defects in humans. SAMT contains a highly reduced, acyclic polyketide carbon backbone, which is assembled by a single module polyketide synthase. The biosynthesis of SAMT involves a unique polyketide chain-releasing mechanism, in which a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme catalyzes the termination, offloading and elongation of the polyketide chain. This leads to the introduction of a new carbon-carbon bond and an amino group to the polyketide chain. The mechanism is fundamentally different from the thioesterase/cyclase-catalyzed polyketide chain releasing found in bacterial and other fungal polyketide biosynthesis. Genetic data suggest that the ketosynthase domain of the polyketide synthase and the chain-releasing enzyme are important for controlling the final product structure. In addition, several post-polyketide modifications have to take place before SAMT become mature toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pumps multiple types of drugs out of the cell, using energy generated from ATP, and confers multidrug resistance (MDR) on cancer cells. ZD6474 is an orally active, selective inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and rearranged during transfection tyrosine kinases. This study was designed to examine whether ZD6474 reverses P-gp-mediated MDR in cancer cells. Here, we show that clinically achievable levels of ZD6474 reverse P-gp-mediated MDR of the P-gp-overexpressing cell lines derived from breast cancer, MCF-7/adriamycin (ADR), and human oral epidermoid carcinoma, KBV200 to ADR, docetaxel, and vinorelbine. This ability to reverse the P-gp-mediated resistance is comparable to that of another frequently used reversal agent known as verapamil. ZD6474 itself moderately inhibits the proliferation of both MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells with almost equal activity, but its inhibitory effect is not altered by co-incubation with verapamil, suggesting that ZD6474 may not be a substrate of P-gp. In addition, ZD6474 increases the intracellular accumulation of the P-gp substrate, rhodamine-123, and ADR, by enhancing the uptake and/or decreasing the efflux of these compounds in resistant cells. Further studies show that ZD6474 stimulates ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner, which is required for the proper function of P-gp. In contrast, ZD6474 does not inhibit the expression level of P-gp. Our results suggest that ZD6474 is capable of reversing MDR in cancer cells by directly inhibiting the function of P-gp, a finding that may have clinical implications for ZD6474.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mi
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - L Lou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- E-mail:
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- International Pain Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79413, USA
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Lou L, Shou T, Li Z, Li W, Gu Y. Transhemispheric functional reorganization of the motor cortex induced by the peripheral contralateral nerve transfer to the injured arm. Neuroscience 2006; 138:1225-31. [PMID: 16426770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 11/08/2005] [Accepted: 11/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury in a limb usually causes functional reorganization of the contralateral motor cortex. However, a dynamic process of the novel transhemispheric functional reorganization in the motor cortex was found in adult rats after transferring the seventh cervical nerve root from the contralateral healthy side to the injured limb. Initially the ipsilateral motor cortex activated the injured forepaw for 5 months after the operation. Then, both hemispheres of the cortex activated the injured forepaw, and finally the contralateral cortex exclusively controlled the injured forepaw. It is concluded an extensive functional shift occurred between two hemispheres based on neural plasticity in the CNS. The experimental results of the later lesions of the ipsilateral cortex suggest that maintaining transhemispheric functional reorganization does not depend on the corpus callosum, but depends on mechanisms involving central axonal sprouting. Possible mechanisms underlying the alternative changes in cortical functions were discussed in rats and in patients having similar operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, International Pain Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79414, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J W M Geurts
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
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Zhu J, Xiong X, Zhao S, Wang Z, Lou L, Hang Q. [Plasma Lp (a) levels and correlation of Lp (a) with fibrinolysis activation in chronic renal failure]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2002; 24:366-8. [PMID: 12080650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Plasma Lp (a) concentration and activation of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) were determined in 50 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 50 healthy subjects. The results demonstrated that plasma concentration of Lp(a) was significantly higher and plasma t-PA activation was significantly lower in CRF patients than in healthy subjects. With multivariate analyses, plasma Lp(a) concentration was positively correlated with the total amount of 24 h uric protein, plasma BUN and uric protein concentration. Moreover, a negative significant correlation between plasma Lp(a) levels and t-PA activation was observed. Plasma Lp(a) levels did not show a correlation to PAI-1 activation. It is indicated that renal function may contribute to moderate plasma Lp(a) concentration and elevated Lp(a) levels may be related with fibrinolytic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- Department of Kidney Internal Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410011
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Abstract
The effect of voluntary attention on afterimage fragmentation was explored in two experiments. The afterimage, in the form of a 30 degrees-tilted star of David, was generated after prolonged steady fixation in the first experiment, and with a brief and intense flash in the second experiment. Subjects were instructed to select various target shapes in the afterimage for attention and, at the same time, observe what was visible or invisible. Verbal reports and manual responses to afterimage changes were analyzed. Attended shapes were found to disappear from awareness Faster than unattended ones (experiment 1), and complementary shapes were found to predominate visual awareness when one of the pair was selected for attention (experiment 2). Voluntary attention was also found to affect closure (filling-in of enclosed regions) and smoothing of line figures in afterimages.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State Universty, Allendale, MI 49401, USA.
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32
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Dominguez E, Latif O, Rozen D, Sahinler B, Orbegozo M, Edmunds A, Lou L, Day M, Racz G, Raj P. Subdural Blood Patch for the Treatment of Persistent CSF Leak After Permanent Intrathecal Catheter Implantation: A Report of Two Cases. Pain Pract 2001; 1:344-53. [PMID: 17147576 DOI: 10.1046/j.1533-2500.2001.01036.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A CSF leak that persists despite conservative therapy may significantly increase the morbidity associated with implantable intrathecal drug delivery systems. This report presents 2 cases where the application of a subdural blood patch led to the satisfactory resolution of a persistent CSF leak after previous epidural blood patches had failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dominguez
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79414, USA
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Chen H, Yin M, Lian R, Lou L, Zhang W, Xia S. [Luminescence dependence upon concentration and temperature in YPO4:Pr3+]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2001; 21:151-154. [PMID: 12947608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Under selective excitation 3P0 state of Pr3+ ion in YPO4, the emission spectra and fluorescence decay curves are measured at different concentrations and temperatures. The origin of the spectral line located at 613.2 nm has been discussed and assigned to be the 1D2 (gamma 3)-->3H4 (gamma 5) transition. The different concentration dependence of emission intensities of levels 3P0 and 1D2 has been studied. Using static model, the fluorescence decay curve of 1D2 level is fitted, and the result shows that the cross-relaxation caused by the interaction of dipole-quadrupole between adjacent Pr3+ ions results in the concentration quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Academia Sinica, 230026 Hefei
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34
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Abstract
Uncommon stimulation refers to the use of peripheral nerve and spinal cord stimulation for nontraditional applications. There has been much interest recently with subcutaneous suboccipital stimulation for occipital neuralgia, sacral stimulation for pelvic pain, trigeminal stimulation for trigeminal neuralgia, and spinal cord stimulation for angina and peripheral ischemia. The indications and techniques used for accomplishing each method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Room 1C282, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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35
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Bennett G, Serafini M, Burchiel K, Buchser E, Classen A, Deer T, Du Pen S, Ferrante FM, Hassenbusch SJ, Lou L, Maeyaert J, Penn R, Portenoy RK, Rauck R, Willis KD, Yaksh T. Evidence-based review of the literature on intrathecal delivery of pain medication. J Pain Symptom Manage 2000; 20:S12-36. [PMID: 10989255 DOI: 10.1016/s0885-3924(00)00204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-based medicine depends on the existence of controlled clinical trials that establish the safety and efficacy of specific therapeutic techniques. Many interventions in clinical practice have achieved widespread acceptance despite little evidence to support them in the scientific literature; the critical appraisal of these interventions based on accumulating experience is a goal of medicine. To clarify the current state of knowledge concerning the use of various drugs for intraspinal infusion in pain management, an expert panel conducted a thorough review of the published literature. The exhaustive review included 5 different groups of compounds, with morphine and bupivacaine yielding the most citations in the literature. The need for additional large published controlled studies was highlighted by this review, especially for promising agents that have been shown to be safe and efficacious in recent clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bennett
- Department of Neurology, MCP Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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36
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Bennett G, Burchiel K, Buchser E, Classen A, Deer T, Du Pen S, Ferrante FM, Hassenbusch SJ, Lou L, Maeyaert J, Penn R, Portenoy RK, Rauck R, Serafini M, Willis KD, Yaksh T. Clinical guidelines for intraspinal infusion: report of an expert panel. PolyAnalgesic Consensus Conference 2000. J Pain Symptom Manage 2000; 20:S37-43. [PMID: 10989256 DOI: 10.1016/s0885-3924(00)00202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Consensus guidelines developed by an expert panel are helpful to clinicians when there is variation in practice and lack of a firm evidence base for an intervention, such as intraspinal therapy for pain. An internet-based survey of practitioners revealed remarkable variation in practice patterns surrounding intraspinal therapy. This prompted an interdisciplinary panel with extensive clinical experience in intraspinal infusion therapy to evaluate the results of the survey, the systematic reviews of the literature pertaining to this approach, and their own clinical experience with long-term spinal infusions. The panel proposed a scheme for the selection of drugs and doses for intraspinal therapy, and suggested guidelines for administration that would increase the likelihood of a successful outcome. These expert panel guidelines were designed to provide an initial structure for clinical decision making that is based on the best available evidence and the perspectives of experienced clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bennett
- Department of Neurology, MCP Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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37
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38
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Abstract
A circular array of six discs, three green and three orange in alternate positions, was presented against a uniform grey background. Sixteen observers maintained steady fixation at the centre of the array, and were instructed to direct their attention to three discs of one colour and to ignore the three discs of the other colour. In about 10 s (mean = 11.35 s), some discs started to fade away from awareness. Of those starting to fade, most (mean = 81.3%) were those selected for attention. The faded discs remained out of awareness for up to a few seconds (mean = 1.55 s) during which other discs were clearly visible. The fading increased with eccentricity, a defining characteristic of Troxler fading. However, the selectivity of the fading strongly suggests that voluntary attention can have an inhibitory effect on early sensory processing. Were the fading entirely due to local sensory adaptation, the unattended stimuli would have to be equally adapted and yet somehow remain visible for seconds, which is not plausible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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39
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Abstract
Speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) refers to the inverse relation between speed and accuracy found in many tasks. The present study employed reaction times (RTs) and movement-related brain potentials arising during the RT interval (lateralized readiness potentials; LRPs) to examine the mechanisms by which people control their position along an SAT continuum. Many models of SAT postulate that changes in position across conditions (macro-tradeoffs) and trial-by-trial variations within conditions (micro-tradeoffs) are mediated, at least in part, by the same mechanisms. These include: (1) all models that postulate mixtures of guesses and accurate responses and (2) some models postulating decision criterions applied to accumulating evidence or response tendencies. Such models would seem to be rejected for conditions under which macro- and micro-tradeoffs can be shown to involve no stages of RT in common. Under the present conditions, the two types of SAT produced additive effects on RT, with the macro-tradeoff involving only that portion of the RT interval occurring after LRP onset and the micro-tradeoff involving only that portion before LRP onset. These findings imply that the two types of SAT arose during different serial stages of RT and that the macro-tradeoff involved only stages occurring after differential preparation of the two hands had begun.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Osman
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3815 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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40
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Zhao G, Gao P, Zhang H, Lou L, Qiao H, She M. [Cloning whole length cDNA of related genes responsible for smooth muscle cells proliferation in atherogenesis and study on its function]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 1999; 28:352-5. [PMID: 11869548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clone whole length cDNA of the related genes responsible for vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in atherogenesis, and to study its function. METHODS ox-LDL was added as a stimulant to the SMC culture medium. Subtractive library was established using subtractive hybridization technique in order to clone the related genes fragments. With the whole length cDNA library established, the whole length cDNA of the related gene was cloned. The protein expressed was studied. RESULTS 4 new gene fragments and one whole length cDNA were cloned. The new cloned gene is able to express a protein of about 44000 daltons and closely related to the activity of ox-LDL. CONCLUSIONS The new cloned gene is considered responsible for SMC proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Arteriosclerosis/genetics
- Arteriosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Humans
- Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism
- Lipoproteins, LDL/pharmacology
- Molecular Weight
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005
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Keithley EM, Erkman L, Bennett T, Lou L, Ryan AF. Effects of a hair cell transcription factor, Brn-3.1, gene deletion on homozygous and heterozygous mouse cochleas in adulthood and aging. Hear Res 1999; 134:71-6. [PMID: 10452377 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5955(99)00070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Brn-3.1, is expressed in the inner ear hair cells throughout life and is necessary for the development of these cells. Mutant mice in which the Brn-3.1 encoding region has been deleted have no identifiable hair cells, greatly reduced numbers of spiral ganglion cells and are deaf. A mutation in the human homologue of this gene has been shown to be related to adult onset, sensorineural hearing loss (Vahava et al., 1998). The question whether haploinsufficiency in the mutant Brn-3.1 mouse with a mixed C57BL6/129Sv genetic background could affect the adult or aged cochlea was tested, therefore, by measuring the auditory brainstem responses and examining the cochlea's histologically at 2, 18 and 24 months of age. The heterozygotes had a comparable hearing to the wild-type animals and similar patterns of cochlear degeneration. Both groups showed an about 30 dB hearing loss beginning at 18 months of age, outer hair cell degeneration and loss of spiral ganglion neurons in the basal turn. There appeared to be no effect of Brn-3.1 haploinsufficiency on the mouse cochlea, implying that one intact copy of the gene is sufficient to maintain a normal cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Keithley
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Diego Medical School, VAMC, La Jolla 92093-0666, USA.
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42
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Pillonnet A, Garapon C, Champeaux C, Bovier C, Brenier R, Lou L, Catherinot A, Jacquier B, Mugnier J. Dépôt par ablation laser de guides d'onde d'alumine pure et dopée en europium. Propriétés structurales et optiques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:1999543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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43
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Lou L, Zhou T, Wang P, Pei G. Modulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity by acute and chronic morphine administration in rat hippocampus: differential regulation of alpha and beta isoforms. Mol Pharmacol 1999; 55:557-63. [PMID: 10051541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) has been shown to be involved in the regulation of opioid receptor signaling. The present study showed that acute morphine treatment significantly increased both Ca2+/calmodulin-independent and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent activities of CaMK II in the rat hippocampus, with little alteration in the protein level of either alpha or beta isoform of CaMK II. However, chronic morphine treatment, by which rats were observed to develop apparent tolerance to morphine, significantly down-regulated both Ca2+/calmodulin-independent and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent activities of CaMK II and differentially regulated the expression of alpha and beta isoforms of CaMK II at protein and mRNA levels. Application of naloxone or discontinuation of morphine treatment after chronic morphine administration, which induced the withdrawal syndrome of morphine, resulted in the overshoot of CaMK II (at both protein and mRNA levels) and its kinase activity. The phenomena of overshoot were mainly observed in the beta isoform of CaMK II but not in the alpha isoform. The effects of both acute and chronic morphine treatments on CaMK II could be completely abolished by the concomitant application of naloxone, indicating that the effects of morphine were achieved through activation of opioid receptors. Our data demonstrated that both acute and chronic morphine treatments could effectively modulate the activity and the expression of CaMK II in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lou
- Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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44
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Jishi RA, Flores RM, Valderrama M, Lou L, Bragin J. Equilibrium Geometry and Properties Of Cyclo[(Gly-d-Ala)4] and {Cyclo[(Gly-d-Ala)4]}2 from Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981997j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Jishi
- Department of Physics, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, Wavefunction, Inc., 18401 Van Karman, Irvine, California 92715, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
| | - R. M. Flores
- Department of Physics, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, Wavefunction, Inc., 18401 Van Karman, Irvine, California 92715, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
| | - M. Valderrama
- Department of Physics, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, Wavefunction, Inc., 18401 Van Karman, Irvine, California 92715, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
| | - L. Lou
- Department of Physics, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, Wavefunction, Inc., 18401 Van Karman, Irvine, California 92715, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
| | - J. Bragin
- Department of Physics, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032, Wavefunction, Inc., 18401 Van Karman, Irvine, California 92715, and Department of Chemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032
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45
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Liu X, Lou L, Jiang J. [Induction of apoptosis and differentiation in human leukemia cell line HL-60 by synthetic retinoid Ro13-7410]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 1998; 19:241-3. [PMID: 11243120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the synthetic retinoid Ro13-7410 on HL-60 cells. METHODS Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine viability. Apoptosis was assessed by cell morphology and PCD-assay-kit. Differentiation was assessed by morphology and NBT reduction. RESULTS Incubation of the HL-60 cells with 10(-6)-10(-8) mol/L Ro14-7410 resulted in the suppression of cell growth, the induction of cell apoptosis and differentiation. CONCLUSION Ro13-7410 suppressed HL-60 cell growth mainly via induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400016
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Song WJ, Sternberg LR, Kasten-Sportès C, Keuren ML, Chung SH, Slack AC, Miller DE, Glover TW, Chiang PW, Lou L, Kurnit DM. Isolation of human and murine homologues of the Drosophila minibrain gene: human homologue maps to 21q22.2 in the Down syndrome "critical region". Genomics 1996; 38:331-9. [PMID: 8975710 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (trisomy 21), especially region 21q22.2, causes many phenotypes in Down syndrome, including mental retardation. To study genes potentially responsible for some of these phenotypes, we cloned a human candidate gene (DYRK) from 21q22.2 and its murine counterpart (Dyrk) that are homologous to the Drosophila minibrain (mnb) gene required for neurogenesis and to the rat Dyrk gene (dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase). The three mammalian genes are highly conserved, >99% identical at the protein level over their 763-amino-acid (aa) open reading frame; in addition, the mammalian genes are 83% identical over 414 aa to the smaller 542-aa mnb protein. The predicted human DYRK and murine Dyrk proteins both contain a nuclear targeting signal sequence, a protein kinase domain, a putative leucine zipper motif, and a highly conserved 13-consecutive-histidine repeat. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and regional mapping data localize DYRK between markers D21S336 and D21S337 in the 21q22.2 region. Northern blot analysis indicated that both human and murine genes encode approximately 6-kb transcripts. PCR screening of cDNA libraries derived from various human and murine tissues indicated that DYRK and Dyrk are expressed both during development and in the adult. In situ hybridization of Dyrk to mouse embryos (13, 15, and 17 days postcoitus) indicates a differential spatial and temporal pattern of expression, with the most abundant signal localized in brain gray matter, spinal cord, and retina. The observed expression pattern is coincident with many of the clinical findings in trisomy 21. Its chromosomal locus (21q22. 2), its homology to the mnb gene, and the in situ hybridization expression patterns of the murine Dyrk combined with the fact that transgenic mice for a YAC to which DYRK maps are mentally deficient suggest that DYRK may be involved in the abnormal neurogenesis found in Down syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Song
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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48
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Wang LS, Wu H, Desai SR, Lou L. Electronic structure of small copper oxide clusters: From Cu2O to Cu2O4. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:8028-8031. [PMID: 9982259 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.8028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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49
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Sun P, Lou L, Maurer RA. Regulation of activating transcription factor-1 and the cAMP response element-binding protein by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases type I, II, and IV. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:3066-73. [PMID: 8621702 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.6.3066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of activating transcription factor-1 (ATF1) or the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) to enhance transcription can be stimulated by increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. To identify protein kinases which may mediate the ability of Ca2+ to activate these transcription factors, we compared the ability of constitutively active forms of several Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) to activate ATF1 or CREB. We find that constitutively active CaM kinase I and IV can activate both ATF1 and CREB. In addition, expression vectors for full-length CaM kinase I and IV were able to augment the ability of Ca2+ influx to activate ATF1 or CREB consistent with a role for these kinases in mediating transcriptional responses to Ca2+ signaling. In contrast, CaM kinase II was unable to activate either ATF1 or CREB. These findings provide a potential mechanism that may permit variation in the ability of ATF1 and CREB to respond to changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations depending on differences in the relative concentrations of specific CaM kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sun
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
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50
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Akpati HC, Mackey J, Nordlander P, Lou L. A density‐functional study of cluster reactivity. III. NH3 on a free Ga5As+5 cationic cluster. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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