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Nieves E, Cimino R, Krolewiecki A, Juarez M, Lanusse C, Alvarez L, Ceballos L. Albendazole metabolites excretion in human saliva as a biomarker to assess treatment compliance in mass drug administration (MDA) anthelmintic programs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6271. [PMID: 38491091 PMCID: PMC10943003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil-transmitted-helminth (STH) infections continue to be a persistent global public health problem. Control strategies for STH have been based on the use of mass drug administration (MDA). Coverage and compliance assessment is critical to understanding the true effectiveness of albendazole (ABZ) in those MDA programs. The aims of this work were to characterize the pattern of albendazole and metabolites excretion in human saliva, and to develop a saliva-based biomarker (HPLC drug/metabolite detection) useful to accurately estimate the coverage/compliance in MDA campaigns. The study subjects were 12 healthy volunteers treated with a single oral dose of ABZ (400 mg). Saliva and blood (dried blood spot, DBS) samples were taken previously and between 2 and 72 h post-treatment. The samples were analyzed by HPLC with UV detection, C18 reversed-phase column. ABZ sulphoxide was the main analyte recovered up to 72 h p.t. in blood and saliva. The concentration profiles measured in the blood (DBS samples) were higher (P < 0.05) than those in saliva, however, this ABZ-metabolite was recovered longer in saliva. The in vivo measurement of drugs/metabolites in saliva samples from ABZ-treated volunteers offers strong scientific evidence to support the use of saliva as a valid biological sample for assessing compliance in MDA programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nieves
- Facultad Regional Orán, Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Orán, Salta, Argentina
| | - R Cimino
- Facultad Regional Orán, Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Orán, Salta, Argentina
| | - A Krolewiecki
- Facultad Regional Orán, Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Orán, Salta, Argentina
| | - M Juarez
- Facultad Regional Orán, Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Orán, Salta, Argentina
| | - C Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sánchez J, Alvarez L, López JF. Indication of Omalizumab for Chronic Urticaria Using the 'Urticaria Control Test' Instead of 'Urticaria Activity Score': Possible Impact for Health Systems. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:T88-T90. [PMID: 37871896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Sánchez
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, University of Antioquia, IPSU clinic, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - L Alvarez
- Pharmacoeconomic evaluation group, SURA Company
| | - J F López
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, University of Antioquia, IPSU clinic, Medellín, Colombia
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Roumieu PL, Siffredi J, Di Benedetto V, Alvarez L, Bailez MM. Results of transanal irrigation in intestinal dysfunction associated with anorectal malformations. Cir Pediatr 2024; 37:17-21. [PMID: 38180097 DOI: 10.54847/cp.2024.01.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are multiple tools available to optimize defecation in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM), such as habits, laxatives, and retrograde or anterograde irrigations, which are usually adapted in a progressive and combined fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the incorporation of transanal irrigation (TAI) to constipation and fecal incontinence treatment in patients with ARM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of ARM patients with indication of TAI according to the colorectal pathology unit's intestinal management protocol from 2015 to 2022 was carried out. Following use for over 3 months, patients or their guardians completed a phone survey of our own approved by the ethics committee. RESULTS 39 ARM patients participated in the study. Pathologies included 11 rectourethral fistulas, 6 rectovesical fistulas, 16 cloacae, 2 rectovaginal fistulas, 2 perineal fistulas, and 2 vestibular fistulas. 44% of them had a sacral index < 0.4. 62% had constipation, and 38% had incontinence. Thanks to TAI, confidence and safety improved in a very high and a high degree in 89% of the patients, whereas time devoted to intestinal management decreased a lot in 68% of them. 79% reported a 9- and 10-point quality-of-life improvement. 92% rated overall satisfaction with TAI with a score of 8, 9, and 10 - 10 meaning "completely satisfied." 100% recommend TAI. CONCLUSION TAI is a good alternative for the intestinal management of fecal incontinence and constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Roumieu
- Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires (Argentina)
| | - J Siffredi
- Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires (Argentina)
| | - V Di Benedetto
- Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires (Argentina)
| | - L Alvarez
- Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires (Argentina)
| | - M M Bailez
- Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan. Buenos Aires (Argentina)
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Sánchez J, Alvarez L, López JF. Indication of Omalizumab for Chronic Urticaria Using the 'Urticaria Control Test' Instead of 'Urticaria Activity Score': Possible Impact for Health Systems. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:88-90. [PMID: 36754254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Sánchez
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, University of Antioquia, IPSU Clinic, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - L Alvarez
- Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Group, SURA Company, Colombia
| | - J F López
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, University of Antioquia, IPSU Clinic, Medellín, Colombia
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Eswaran V, Molina MF, Hwong AR, Dillon DG, Alvarez L, Allen IE, Wang RC. Racial Disparities in Emergency Department Physical Restraint Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:1229-1237. [PMID: 37747721 PMCID: PMC10520842 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Importance Recent studies have demonstrated that people of color are more likely to be restrained in emergency department (ED) settings compared with other patients, but many of these studies are based at a single site or health care system, limiting their generalizability. Objective To synthesize existing literature on risk of physical restraint use in adult EDs, specifically in reference to patients of different racial and ethnic backgrounds. Data Sources A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL was performed from database inception to February 8, 2022. Study Selection Included peer-reviewed studies met 3 criteria: (1) published in English, (2) original human participants research performed in an adult ED, and (3) reported an outcome of physical restraint use by patient race or ethnicity. Studies were excluded if they were conducted outside of the US, or if full text was unavailable. Data Extraction and Synthesis Four independent reviewers (V.E., M.M., D.D., and A.H.) abstracted data from selected articles following Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess quality. A meta-analysis of restraint outcomes among minoritized racial and ethnic groups was performed using a random-effects model in 2022. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s) Risk of physical restraint use in adult ED patients by racial and ethnic background. Results The search yielded 1597 articles, of which 10 met inclusion criteria (0.63%). These studies represented 2 557 983 patient encounters and 24 030 events of physical restraint (0.94%). In the meta-analysis, Black patients were more likely to be restrained compared with White patients (RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.19-1.43) and to all non-Black patients (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.23-1.31). With respect to ethnicity, Hispanic patients were less likely to be restrained compared with non-Hispanic patients (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81-0.89). Conclusions and Relevance Physical restraint was uncommon, occurring in less than 1% of encounters, but adult Black patients experienced a significantly higher risk of physical restraint in ED settings compared with other racial groups. Hispanic patients were less likely to be restrained compared with non-Hispanic patients, though this observation may have occurred if Black patients, with a higher risk of restraint, were included in the non-Hispanic group. Further work, including qualitative studies, to explore and address mechanisms of racism at the interpersonal, institutional, and structural levels are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Eswaran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, DeBakey VA Medical Center; Houston, Texas
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Melanie F. Molina
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- National Clinician Scholars Program, Philip R Lee Institute of Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco
- Philip R Lee Institute of Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Alison R. Hwong
- National Clinician Scholars Program, Philip R Lee Institute of Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California; San Francisco
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California
| | - David G. Dillon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Lizbeth Alvarez
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento
| | - Isabel E. Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ralph C. Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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Ceballos L, Alvarez L, Lifschitz A, Lanusse C. Ivermectin systemic availability in adult volunteers treated with different oral pharmaceutical formulations. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114391. [PMID: 36804122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is currently approved as an antiparasitic agent for human use in the treatment of onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, strongyloidiasis, scabies, and pediculosis. Recent findings indicate that IVM may reach other pharmacological targets, which accounts for its proven anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory, cytostatic, and antiviral effects. However, little is known about the assessment of alternative drug formulations for human use. OBJECTIVE To compare the systemic availability and disposition kinetics of IVM orally administered as different pharmaceutical formulations (tablet, solution, or capsule) to healthy adults. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN/MAIN FINDINGS Volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 experimental groups and orally treated with IVM as either, a tablet, solution, or capsules at 0.4 mg/kg in a three-phase crossover design. Blood samples were taken as dried blood spots (DBS) between 2 and 48 h post-treatment and IVM was analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. IVM Cmax value was higher (P < 0.05) after the administration of the oral solution compared to treatments with both solid preparations. The oral solution resulted in a significantly higher IVM systemic exposure (AUC: 1653 ng h/mL) compared to the tablet (1056 ng h/mL) and capsule (996 ng h/mL) formulations. The simulation of a 5-day repeated administration for each formulation did not show a significant systemic accumulation. CONCLUSION Beneficial effects against systemically located parasitic infections as well as in any other potential therapeutic field of IVM application would be expected from its use in the form of oral solution. This pharmacokinetic-based therapeutic advantage without the risk of excessive accumulation needs to be corroborated in clinical trials specifically designed for each purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - L Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Alvarez L, Fernandez-Rodriguez MA, Alegria A, Arrese-Igor S, Zhao K, Kröger M, Isa L. Reconfigurable artificial microswimmers with internal feedback. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4762. [PMID: 34362934 PMCID: PMC8346629 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-propelling microparticles are often proposed as synthetic models for biological microswimmers, yet they lack the internally regulated adaptation of their biological counterparts. Conversely, adaptation can be encoded in larger-scale soft-robotic devices but remains elusive to transfer to the colloidal scale. Here, we create responsive microswimmers, powered by electro-hydrodynamic flows, which can adapt their motility via internal reconfiguration. Using sequential capillary assembly, we fabricate deterministic colloidal clusters comprising soft thermo-responsive microgels and light-absorbing particles. Light absorption induces preferential local heating and triggers the volume phase transition of the microgels, leading to an adaptation of the clusters' motility, which is orthogonal to their propulsion scheme. We rationalize this response via the coupling between self-propulsion and variations of particle shape and dielectric properties upon heating. Harnessing such coupling allows for strategies to achieve local dynamical control with simple illumination patterns, revealing exciting opportunities for developing tactic active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alvarez
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - M A Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Biocolloid and Fluid Physics Group, Applied Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - A Alegria
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - S Arrese-Igor
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Materials Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - K Zhao
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Gong A, Rode S, Gompper G, Kaupp UB, Elgeti J, Friedrich BM, Alvarez L. Reconstruction of the three-dimensional beat pattern underlying swimming behaviors of sperm. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2021; 44:87. [PMID: 34196906 PMCID: PMC8249298 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic flagellum propels sperm cells and simultaneously detects physical and chemical cues that modulate the waveform of the flagellar beat. Most previous studies have characterized the flagellar beat and swimming trajectories in two space dimensions (2D) at a water/glass interface. Here, using refined holographic imaging methods, we report high-quality recordings of three-dimensional (3D) flagellar bending waves. As predicted by theory, we observed that an asymmetric and planar flagellar beat results in a circular swimming path, whereas a symmetric and non-planar flagellar beat results in a twisted-ribbon swimming path. During swimming in 3D, human sperm flagella exhibit torsion waves characterized by maxima at the low curvature regions of the flagellar wave. We suggest that these torsion waves are common in nature and that they are an intrinsic property of beating axonemes. We discuss how 3D beat patterns result in twisted-ribbon swimming paths. This study provides new insight into the axoneme dynamics, the 3D flagellar beat, and the resulting swimming behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Rode
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - G Gompper
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - U B Kaupp
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
| | - J Elgeti
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - B M Friedrich
- Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life' and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Helmholtzstr. 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Alvarez
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
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Luque S, Lloberas M, Cardozo P, Virkel G, Farias C, Viviani P, Lanusse C, Alvarez L, Lifschitz A. Combined moxidectin-levamisole treatment against multidrug-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes: A four-year efficacy monitoring in lambs. Vet Parasitol 2021; 290:109362. [PMID: 33524780 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nematicide combinations may be a valid strategy to achieve effective nematode control in the presence of drug resistance. The goal of the current trial was to evaluate the pharmaco-parasitological performance of the moxidectin (MOX) and levamisole (LEV) combination after four years of continuous use in lambs naturally parasitized with multi-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes. At the beginning of the trial, 40 lambs were divided into four groups (n = 10), which were untreated (control) or subcutaneously treated with MOX (0.2 mg/kg), LEV (8 mg/kg) or with the combination MOX + LEV (administered separately at 0.2 and 8 mg/kg, respectively). Blood samples were collected at different times post-treatment and LEV and MOX plasma concentrations were measured by HPLC. The clinical efficacy of the continuous use of MOX + LEV combination was assessed with the controlled efficacy test (CET), performed at the beginning and end of the study, and with the faecal egg count reduction (FECR) test, performed over the four-year study period. No significant adverse pharmacokinetic changes were observed either for MOX or LEV after their co-administration to infected lambs. The CET (first year) showed efficacies of 84.3 % (Haemonchus contortus), 100 % (Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus axei), and 97.4 % (T. colubriformis). After the repetitive use of the combined treatment for four years, those efficacies remained high (100 %) and only decreased to 58 % against T. colubriformis. The evaluation of the FECR over the study period showed fluctuations in the performance of the combined administration. The initial FECR (2014) was 99 % (MOX), 85 % (LEV) and 100 % (MOX + LEV). The co-administration of MOX + LEV during the four-year experimental period resulted in a significantly higher anthelmintic effect (87 %) than that of MOX (42 %) or LEV (69 %) given alone. The combined use of MOX + LEV to control resistant gastrointestinal nematodes appears to be a valid strategy under specific management conditions. A high initial therapeutic response to the combination would be a relevant feature for the success of this tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Luque
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M Lloberas
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Balcarce, Argentina
| | - P Cardozo
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Balcarce, Argentina
| | - G Virkel
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - C Farias
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - P Viviani
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - C Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - L Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina
| | - A Lifschitz
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Tandil, Argentina.
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Frias-Toral E, Alvarez L, Artacho R, Arteaga C, Salcedo D, Fonseca D, Ruiz-Lopez M. Prevalence of Sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults of Guayaquil. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Frias-Toral E, Alvarez L, Salcedo D, Mateus M, Galvez J, Fonseca D. Nutritional status and frailty in community-dwelling older adults of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Briongos Figuero S, Estevez A, Perez M, Martinez-Ferrer J, Alvarez L, Anguera I, Garcia E, Perez-Lorente F, Porres M, Villacastin J, Munoz-Aguilera R. Impact of an adaptive CRT optimization algorithm on the risk of life-threatening ventricular arrythmias of heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Adaptive cardiac resynchronization therapy (aCRT) algorithm provides ambulatory CRT optimization and synchronized left-ventricular pacing instead of conventional biventricular pacing.
Purpose
To analyze the impact of aCRT on the risk of life-threatening ventricular arrythmia (VA) in patients with concomitant defibrillator therapy.
Methods
Symptomatic HF patients, in sinus rhythm, with LVEF ≤35% and QRS complex ≥130 ms undergoing first CRT-defibrillator (CRT-D) implant were collected from the multicentre, prospective and nationwide UMBRELLA study (2012–2017). All device information was automatically stored and collected through the remote monitoring system. An experts committee analysed in a blinded manner all electrograms. The endpoint was first appropriate therapy (AT) delivered within ventricular fibrillation zone at 12-months follow-up.
Results
206 patients were collected (66.1±8.7 years; 73.3% male). Fifty nine patients composed the aCRT group and 147 composed the non-aCRT group. At implant, LBBB was present in 93% of patients, functional class III or IV in 69.9%, non-ischemic HF in 63.1% of patients and mean LVEF was 26.5±5.6%. Optimal medical treatment was achieved in a majority (B-blockers in 92%; RAASi in 89% and MRA in 72.2%).
The percentage of ventricular pacing through 12 months was 96.1±9.4% in non-aCRT patients and 97.5±2.7% in aCRT patients (p=0.261). At 1-year of follow-up, 16 patients were delivered an AT (event rate: 7.8%). Most of these episodes (n=14) were due to sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia while the rest were caused by sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/VF. A lower incidence of AT was observed in aCRT patients (3.4%) compared to non-aCRT patients (9.5%) but with no statistical differences (OR=0.33, CI 0.07–1.51, p=0.155).
Conclusions
In patients undergoing CRT provided by aCRT algorithm the risk of malign VA after 1-year of follow-up was low. Randomized studies are needed to clarify the impact of this dynamic algorithm on the arrhythmic risk of HF patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Estevez
- Public Hospital of Vallecas - Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - M.L Perez
- University Hospital Complex A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - L Alvarez
- University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - I Anguera
- University Hospital of Bellvitge, Hospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
| | - E Garcia
- University Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - M Porres
- Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - R Munoz-Aguilera
- Public Hospital of Vallecas - Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Alvarez L, Imbaquingo G, Rivadeneira MF, Reascos L. Validation of the translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Spanish of the Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Intensity Scale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 67:538-544. [PMID: 32819752 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common problem in patients undergoing surgical procedures, generating patient dissatisfaction and increasing hospital costs. The Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Intensity Scale identifies clinically significant cases; however, it has not been validated in Spanish. OBJECTIVE To carry out a cross-cultural adaptation of the PONV Intensity Scale into Spanish and validate it for use in the postoperative period of patients undergoing elective non-cardiac and non-intracranial surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional validation study of a diagnostic test. The NVPO Intensity Scale was culturally adapted to Spanish and administered to 393 adult hospitalized patients at 6 postoperative hours. The data were compared with the Apfel Scale and nausea measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Internal consistency and inter-observer concordance were calculated. RESULTS 59.8% of patients presented NVPO, of which 14.5% were clinically significant. An acceptable internal consistency was obtained for the NVPO Intensity Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.7) and a high inter-observer correlation (Kappa 0.9, 95% CI 0.86-0.92), statistically significant, for the overall scale. The correlation with VAS was high (Rho Spearman 0.9). The mean VAS and Apfel scale score was significantly higher in patients with clinically significant PONV. CONCLUSIONS The PONV Intensity Scale adapted to Spanish is a valid and reliable instrument for monitoring and evaluating postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alvarez
- Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - G Imbaquingo
- Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M F Rivadeneira
- Epidemiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - L Reascos
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital de Especialidades FF. AA. N° 1, Quito, Ecuador
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14
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Agra RM, Gago-Dominguez M, Paradela-Dobarro B, Torres-Español M, Alvarez L, Fernandez-Trasancos A, Varela-Roman A, Calaza M, Eiras S, Alvarez E, Carracedo A, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR. Obesity-Related Genetic Determinants of Heart Failure Prognosis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 33:415-424. [PMID: 31209632 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-019-06888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent advances in genomics offer a smart option for predicting future risk of disease and prognosis. The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic value in heart failure (HF) patients, of a series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). METHODS A selection of 192 SNPs found to be related with obesity, body mass index, circulating lipids or cardiovascular diseases were genotyped in 191 patients with HF. Anthropometrical and clinical variables were collected for each patient, and death and readmission by HF were registered as the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 53 events were registered during a follow-up period of 438 (263-1077) days (median (IQR)). Eight SNPs strongly related to obesity and HF prognosis were selected as possible prognostic variables. From these, rs10189761 and rs737337 variants were independently associated with HF prognosis (HR 2.295 (1.287-4.089, 95% CI); p = 0.005), whereas rs10423928, rs1800437, rs737337 and rs9351814 were related with bad prognosis only in obese patients (HR 2.142 (1.438-3.192, 95% CI); p = 0.00018). Combined scores of the genomic variants were highly predictive of poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS SNPs rs10189761 and rs737337 were identified, for the first time, as independent predictors of major clinical outcomes in patients with HF. The data suggests an additive predictive value of these SNPs for a HF prognosis. In particular for obese patients, SNPs rs10423928, rs1800437, rs737337 and rs9351814 were related with a bad prognosis. Combined scores weighting the risk of each genomic variant could effect interesting new tools to stratify the prognostic risk of HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Agra
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gago-Dominguez
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - B Paradela-Dobarro
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Torres-Español
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, CeGen-PRB2, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - L Alvarez
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Fernandez-Trasancos
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Varela-Roman
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Calaza
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, CIMUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Eiras
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Alvarez
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain.
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Carracedo
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J R Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Laboratorio no. 6. Edif. Consultas externas (planta -2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad de Hemodinámica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Abstract
Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Gong
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Rode
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U. B. Kaupp
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - G. Gompper
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Elgeti
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. M. Friedrich
- Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Biological Systems Path of the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Helmholtzstrasse 18, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - L. Alvarez
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
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Guiñon L, Soler A, Marin J, Molina A, Lopez R, Garcia J, Jimenez W, Mira A, Alvarez L. Analytical performance specifications based on the state-of-the-art for the magnitudes included in the Spanish newborn screening program. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Kirkby K, Pozzi A, Tomlinson J, Alvarez L, Foster S. Scientific Principles for Post-CCL Repair Rehabilitation: An Evidence-Based Approach. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kirkby
- Sound Veterinary Rehabilitation Center, Shoreline, Washington, United States
| | - A. Pozzi
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J. Tomlinson
- Twin Cities Animal Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Clinic, Burnsville, Minnesota, United States
| | - L. Alvarez
- Integrative and Rehabilitative Medicine, The Animal Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - S.A. Foster
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
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18
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Kim E, Alvarez L, Arnell T, Brejt S, Cooper C, Reis S, Schlossberg P, Sheynzon V, Sobolevsky S, Sperling D, Susman J, Tulin-Silver S, Weintraub J, Mobley D. 03:09 PM Abstract No. 307 The efficacy of culturing bile when placing percutaneous cholecystostomy tubes for acute cholecystitis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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19
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Maté L, Ballent M, Cantón C, Ceballos L, Lifschitz A, Lanusse C, Alvarez L, Liron J. Assessment of P-glycoprotein gene expression in adult stage of Haemonchus contortus in vivo exposed to ivermectin. Vet Parasitol 2018; 264:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Fernandez Díaz A, Iranzo Gonzalez-Cruz V, Cunquero Tomas A, Avila Andrade C, Jantus-Lewintre E, Calabuig Fariñas S, Ales J, Valero M, D'Errico G, Pazo Cid R, Gallego Martínez A, Viana A, Ponce Aix S, Pérez-Fidalgo J, Terradez A, Rodrigo A, Alvarez L, Beniuga G, Martorell M, Camps C. Carcinoma of unknown origin: Deep genomic profile helps to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy303.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Alvarez L, Paradela-Dobarro B, Agra RM, Varela-Roman A, Garcia-Acuna JM, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Alvarez Castro E, Garcia-Seara FJ. P5673The different role of the advanced glycation end products axis in heart failure and in acute coronary syndrome settings. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Alvarez
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - B Paradela-Dobarro
- Instituto de Investigaciόn Sanitaria de Santiago AND CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R M Agra
- Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Cardiology, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Varela-Roman
- Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Cardiology, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J M Garcia-Acuna
- Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Cardiology, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J R Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Cardiology, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Alvarez Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciόn Sanitaria de Santiago AND CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F J Garcia-Seara
- Hospital Clínico de Santiago, Cardiology, and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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22
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Ortega-García JA, Kloosterman N, Alvarez L, Tobarra-Sánchez E, Cárceles-Álvarez A, Pastor-Valero R, López-Hernández FA, Sánchez-Solis M, Claudio L. Full Breastfeeding and Obesity in Children: A Prospective Study from Birth to 6 Years. Child Obes 2018; 14:327-337. [PMID: 29912590 PMCID: PMC6066191 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major public health crisis among both children and adults and contributes to significant physical, psychological, and economic burden. We aim to investigate the effect of duration of breastfeeding on excessive weight and obesity at 6 years of age. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data on breastfeeding and child anthropometric measurements were collected in a birth-cohort study in Murcia, Spain (n = 350). Breastfeeding status and body mass index (BMI) were established according to WHO definitions. Other factors potentially related to children's weight were considered. Multiple log-linear and ordinal regressions were used to analyze the effects of breastfeeding on overweight and obesity when considering potential confounders. RESULTS 33% and 17.3% of children in the study were of excess weight and obesity, respectively. Univariate predictors of BMI in children aged 6 were as follows: pregestational maternal BMI (kg/m2) (R2 = 0.127, p < 0.01); full breastfeeding (weeks) R2 = -0.035, p < 0.01); infant weight gain (kg) (R2 = 0.348, p < 0.01); and maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy (g/day) (R2 = 0.266, p < 0.01) at age 6. In the ordinal logistic regression, full breastfeeding was associated with a significant decrease in obesity -0.052 (95% CI, -0.10 to -0.003). CONCLUSIONS The delay of bottle feeding introduction may have a protective effect against obesity at 6 years of age. Our findings reinforce the need for greater support of breastfeeding and to promote a healthy environment and antipoverty interventions during pregnancy and infancy, alongside other strategies for obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Ortega-García
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nicole Kloosterman
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lizbeth Alvarez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esther Tobarra-Sánchez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cárceles-Álvarez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Pastor-Valero
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Sánchez-Solis
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Laboratory of Environmental and Human Health (A5), Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luz Claudio
- Division of International Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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23
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Urrutia P, Arrieta R, Alvarez L, Cardenas C, Mesa M, Wilson L. Immobilization of lipases in hydrophobic chitosan for selective hydrolysis of fish oil: The impact of support functionalization on lipase activity, selectivity and stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:674-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Villagrán M, Alvarez L, Ungerfeld R. Social rank and reproductive performance in a herd of farmed red deer females (Cervus elaphus). Anim Prod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical relationships between individuals determine unequal access to recourses like food and individuals of the other gender, resulting in a higher reproductive success of high-social ranked individuals. Environmental conditions and food availability may determine how strong these effects are. The aim of this work was to determine if social rank of farmed red deer females affect the reproductive results of a hormonal oestrous synchronisation treatment with ad libitum food. The studied responses included the time to oestrus onset, percentage of females that came into oestrus, conception and calving rates, gestation length, and calf gender. The study was performed during autumn on a research farm located in Mexico (20°36ʹ N, 99°55ʹ W). Forty-nine adult red deer females were assigned to two replications of 21 and 28 animals respectively and were allocated into independent paddocks with ad libitum food and water availability. Oestrous cycles were synchronised with a traditional protocol of intravaginal devices impregnated with progesterone. Agonistic behaviours between females were recorded (total = 1626 interactions), hierarchical position (Success Index = SI) of each animal was calculated and individuals were categorised as high (n = 13), medium (n = 20) or low-ranked (n = 16) individuals. Reproductive data were recorded during the 5 days after the oestrous synchronisation treatment and during the calving period. Any of the recorded responses differ between HR, MR and LR females. Female SI, age and bodyweight were not related with the probability of coming into oestrus, result pregnant, and giving birth to a male calf. Thirty-seven (78.5%) females of this study gave birth. From these calves, 15 were males and 22 were females. Due to high percentage of females in oestrus that gave birth (85.7%), it was not possible to detect the relationship between female SI, age, and bodyweight with the conception rate. Female SI, age and bodyweight were unrelated to time to oestrus onset (r2 = 0.09; P = 0.17), and to gestation length (r2 = 0.10; P = 0.20). In conclusion, with ad libitum high quality food, the social rank of red deer hinds did not affect the time to oestrus onset, percentage of females that came into oestrus, gestation length, calving and conception rates, and offspring sex ratio after an oestrous synchronisation hormonal treatment.
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25
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Ceballos L, Canton C, Cadenazzi G, Larsen K, Virkel G, Moreno L, Fairweather I, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. Understanding the main route of drug entry in adult Fasciola hepatica: Further insights into closantel pharmacological activity. Exp Parasitol 2017; 181:23-29. [PMID: 28734749 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Closantel (CLS) is highly effective against adult liver flukes after its oral or subcutaneous (sc) administration in ruminants. Trans-tegumental diffusion and oral ingestion are the two potential routes available for the entry of drugs into Fasciola hepatica. The work reported here contributes to improve the understanding of CLS pharmacology. The main goals of were: I) to determine the pattern of in vivo CLS accumulation into adult F. hepatica and relevant tissues in CLS-treated sheep; II) to investigate the influence of the physicochemical composition of the incubation medium on the CLS diffusion process into adult F. hepatica; III) to assess the ovicidal activity of CLS against F. hepatica eggs; and IV) to investigate the in vivo effect of CLS treatment on glutathione S-transferases activity in adult liver flukes exposed to CLS. Fourteen healthy sheep were each orally infected with 75 F. hepatica metacercariae. Sixteen (16) weeks after infection, animals were treated with CLS by oral (n = 6, 10 mg/kg) or sub-cutaneous (sc) (n = 6, 5 mg/kg) route. At 12, 24 and 36 h post-treatment, animals were sacrificed (n = 2) and samples of blood, bile and adult F. hepatica were collected. In addition, flukes recovered from non-treated sheep (n = 2) were ex vivo incubated (60 min) in the presence of CLS in either RPMI or bile as incubation medium. CLS concentration was measured by HPLC. The ovicidal activity of CLS was investigated using eggs obtained from the bile of untreated sheep. Finally, glutathione S-transferase activity in F. hepatica recovered from untreated and CLS-treated sheep was assessed. In the in vivo studies, the highest CLS concentrations were measured in plasma and adult liver flukes. A positive correlation was observed between CLS concentration in plasma and in F. hepatica. Results obtained in the current work indicate that the in vivo accumulation of CLS into adult liver flukes occurs mainly by the oral route. After ex vivo incubation, the uptake of CLS by the parasite was markedly diminished in the presence of bile compared with that observed in the presence of RPMI as incubation medium. CLS lacks ovicidal activity at therapeutically relevant concentrations. Lastly, CLS significantly increased glutathione S-transferase activity in flukes recovered at 12 h (oral treatment) and 24 h (sc treatment), compared to the control liver flukes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ceballos
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina.
| | - C Canton
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - G Cadenazzi
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - K Larsen
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - G Virkel
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - L Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - I Fairweather
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C Lanusse
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - L Alvarez
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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Canton C, Ceballos L, Domínguez MP, Moreno L, Fiel C, Bernat G, Farías C, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. Pharmaco-parasitological evaluation of the ricobendazole plus levamisole nematodicidal combination in cattle. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:83-91. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Canton
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - L. Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - M. P. Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
- Laboratorio de Parasitología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - L. Moreno
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - C. Fiel
- Laboratorio de Parasitología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - G. Bernat
- Laboratorio de Parasitología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - C. Farías
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - C. Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
| | - L. Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN); UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET; Tandil Argentina
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Cárceles-Álvarez A, Ortega-García JA, López-Hernández FA, Orozco-Llamas M, Espinosa-López B, Tobarra-Sánchez E, Alvarez L. Spatial clustering of childhood leukaemia with the integration of the Paediatric Environmental History. Environ Res 2017; 156:605-612. [PMID: 28454012 PMCID: PMC5685499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukaemia remains the most common type of paediatric cancer and its aetiology remains unknown, but considered to be multifactorial. It is suggested that the initiation in utero by relevant exposures and/or inherited genetic variants and, other promotional postnatal exposures are probably required to develop leukaemia. This study aimed to map the incidence and analyse possible clusters in the geographical distribution of childhood acute leukaemia during the critical periods and to evaluate the factors that may be involved in the aetiology by conducting community and individual risk assessments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed all incident cases of acute childhood leukaemia (<15 years) diagnosed in a Spanish region during the period 1998-2013. At diagnosis, the addresses during pregnancy, early childhood and diagnosis were collected and codified to analyse the spatial distribution of acute leukaemia. Scan statistical test methodology was used for the identification of high-incidence spatial clusters. Once identified, individual and community risk assessments were conducted using the Paediatric Environmental History. RESULTS A total of 158 cases of acute leukaemia were analysed. The crude rate for the period was 42.7 cases per million children. Among subtypes, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia had the highest incidence (31.9 per million children). A spatial cluster of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was detected using the pregnancy address (p<0.05). The most common environmental risk factors related with the aetiology of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, identified by the Paediatric Environmental History were: prenatal exposure to tobacco (75%) and alcohol (50%); residential and community exposure to pesticides (62.5%); prenatal or neonatal ionizing radiation (42.8%); and parental workplace exposure (37.5%) CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that environmental exposures in utero may be important in the development of childhood leukaemia. Due to the presence of high-incidence clusters using pregnancy address, it is necessary to introduce this address into the childhood cancer registers. The Paediatric Environmental History which includes pregnancy address and a careful and comprehensive evaluation of the environmental exposures will allow us to build the knowledge of the causes of childhood leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cárceles-Álvarez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan A Ortega-García
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Mayra Orozco-Llamas
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Blanca Espinosa-López
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esther Tobarra-Sánchez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lizbeth Alvarez
- Pediatric Environmental Health Speciality Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory of Environment and Human Health (A5) Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB-Arrixaca, Clinical University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
Anthelmintic drugs require effective concentrations to be attained at the site of parasite location for a certain period to assure their efficacy. The processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (pharmacokinetic phase) directly influence drug concentrations attained at the site of action and the resultant pharmacological effect. The aim of the current review article was to provide an overview of the relationship between the pharmacokinetic features of different anthelmintic drugs, their availability in host tissues, accumulation within target helminths and resulting therapeutic efficacy. It focuses on the anthelmintics used in cattle and sheep for which published information on the overall topic is available; benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones and monepantel. Physicochemical properties, such as water solubility and dissolution rate, determine the ability of anthelmintic compounds to accumulate in the target parasites and consequently final clinical efficacy. The transcuticular absorption process is the main route of penetration for different drugs in nematodes and cestodes. However, oral ingestion is a main route of drug entry into adult liver flukes. Among other factors, the route of administration may substantially affect the pharmacokinetic behaviour of anthelmintic molecules and modify their efficacy. Oral administration improves drug efficacy against nematodes located in the gastroinestinal tract especially if parasites have a reduced susceptibility. Partitioning of the drug between gastrointestinal contents, mucosal tissue and the target parasite is important to enhance the drug exposure of the nematodes located in the lumen of the abomasum and/or small intestine. On the other hand, large inter-animal variability in drug exposure and subsequent high variability in efficacy is observed after topical administration of anthelmintic compounds. As it has been extensively demonstrated under experimental and field conditions, understanding pharmacokinetic behaviour and identification of different factors affecting drug activity is important for achieving optimal parasite control and avoiding selection for drug resistance. The search for novel alternatives to deliver enhanced drug concentrations within target helminth parasites may contribute to avoiding misuse, and prolong the lifespan of existing and novel anthelmintic compounds in the veterinary pharmaceutical market.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lifschitz
- a Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN) , UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET , Campus Universitario, 7000 - Tandil , Argentina
| | - C Lanusse
- a Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN) , UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET , Campus Universitario, 7000 - Tandil , Argentina
| | - L Alvarez
- a Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN) , UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET , Campus Universitario, 7000 - Tandil , Argentina
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Draouil H, Alvarez L, Causse J, Flaud V, Zaibi MA, Bantignies JL, Oueslati M, Cambedouzou J. Copper hexacyanoferrate functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes for selective cesium extraction. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are functionalized with copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) nanoparticles to prepare solid substrates for sorption of cesium ions (Cs+) from liquid outflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Draouil
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule
- UMR 5257 CEA-CNRS-ENSCM-UM
- F-30207 Bagnols sur Cèze
- France
- Unité de Nanomatériaux et Photonique
| | - L. Alvarez
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C)
- UMR 5221 CNRS
- Université de Montpellier
- F-34000 Montpellier
- France
| | - J. Causse
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule
- UMR 5257 CEA-CNRS-ENSCM-UM
- F-30207 Bagnols sur Cèze
- France
| | - V. Flaud
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier
- UMR 5253
- Université de Montpellier
- F-34000 Montpellier
- France
| | - M. A. Zaibi
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Tunis
- Université de Tunis
- 1008 Tunis
- Tunisia
| | - J. L. Bantignies
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C)
- UMR 5221 CNRS
- Université de Montpellier
- F-34000 Montpellier
- France
| | - M. Oueslati
- Unité de Nanomatériaux et Photonique
- Université El Manar
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis
- Département de Physique
- Tunis
| | - J. Cambedouzou
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule
- UMR 5257 CEA-CNRS-ENSCM-UM
- F-30207 Bagnols sur Cèze
- France
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Pontillo C, Español A, Marcucci L, Miret N, Chiappini F, Cocca C, Alvarez L, Kleiman de Pisarev D, Sales M, Randi A. Hexachlorobenzene stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, promoting the angiogenic switch. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Llano-Diez M, Ortez C, Alvarez L, Paco S, Kalko S, Jou C, Colomer J, Nascimento A, Jimenez-Mallebrera C. Digital PCR quantification of miR-30c and miR-181a as serum biomarkers in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alvarez L, García M, Rodríguez S, Fernández B, Pereiro R, Sanz-Medel A, Coca-Prados M, González-Iglesias H. The zinc-metallothionein redox system in human retina and RPE. Acta Ophthalmol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2016.0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fabruccini A, Alves LS, Alvarez L, Alvarez R, Susin C, Maltz M. Comparative effectiveness of water and salt community-based fluoridation methods in preventing dental caries among schoolchildren. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:577-585. [PMID: 27467460 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of water and salt community-based fluoridation methods on caries experience among schoolchildren. METHODS Data derived from two population-based oral health surveys of 12-year-old schoolchildren exposed to different community-based fluoridation methods were compared: artificially fluoridated water in Porto Alegre, South Brazil and artificially fluoridated salt in Montevideo, Uruguay. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, maternal education and oral hygiene were collected. Dental caries was defined according to the WHO criteria (cavitated lesions) and to the modified WHO criteria (active noncavitated lesions and cavitated ones). The association between community-based fluoridation methods and dental caries was modelled using logistic (caries prevalence) and Poisson regression (DMFT). Odds ratios (OR), rate ratios (RR), and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. RESULTS A total of 1528 in Porto Alegre and 1154 in Montevideo were examined (response rates: 83.2% and 69.6%, respectively). Adjusted estimates for caries prevalence and DMFT showed that schoolchildren from Porto Alegre were less affected by dental caries than their counterparts from Montevideo, irrespective of the criteria used. After adjusting for important characteristics, schoolchildren exposed to fluoridated salt had significantly higher likelihood of having caries (WHO criteria) than those exposed to fluoridated water (OR for prevalence=1.61, 95% CI=1.26-2.07; RR for DMFT=1.32, 95% CI=1.16-1.51). Similar differences were observed using the modified WHO criteria. CONCLUSION Fluoridated water appears to provide a better protective effect against dental caries than fluoridated household salt among schoolchildren from developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fabruccini
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - L S Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - L Alvarez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Alvarez
- Statistics Institute, Faculty of Economics, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C Susin
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University College of Dental Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - M Maltz
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Asensio A, Marques S, Ferragut J, Alvarez L, Picornell A. Ibermitobase: A search tool for mtDNA population data in the Iberian Peninsula. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Alexandre J, Huang Q, Marques S, Lopez-Parra A, Arroyo-Pardo E, Amorim A, Alvarez L, Prata M. Enriching the knowledge on East Asia populations: Characterization of male lineages from Macau and Shanghai. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Magalhães S, Marques S, Alves C, Amorim A, Alvarez L, Goios A. Evaluation of heteroplasmy detection in the Ion Torrent PGM. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ceballos L, Alvarez L, Mackenzie C, Geary T, Lanusse C. Pharmacokinetic comparison of different flubendazole formulations in pigs: A further contribution to its development as a macrofilaricide molecule. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2015; 5:178-84. [PMID: 27120064 PMCID: PMC4846999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well established ivermectin activity against microfilaria, the success of human filariasis control programmes requires the use of a macrofilaricide compound. Different in vivo trials suggest that flubendazole (FLBZ), an anthelmintic benzimidazole compound, is a highly efficacious and potent macrofilaricide. However, since serious injection site reactions were reported in humans after the subcutaneous FLBZ administration, the search for alternative pharmaceutical strategies to improve the systemic availability of FLBZ has acquired special relevance both in human and veterinary medicine. The goal of the current experimental work was to compare the pharmacokinetic plasma behavior of FLBZ, and its metabolites, formulated as either an aqueous hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin-solution (HPBCD), an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose-suspension (CMC) or a Tween 80-based formulation, in pigs. Animals were allocated into three groups and treated (2 mg/kg) with FLBZ formulated as either a HPBCD-solution (oral), CMC-suspension (oral) or Tween 80-based formulation (subcutaneous). Only trace amounts of FLBZ parent drug and its reduced metabolite were measured after administration of the different FLBZ formulations in pigs. The hydrolyzed FLBZ (H-FLBZ) metabolite was the main analyte recovered in the bloodstream in pigs treated with the three experimental FLBZ formulations. The oral administration of the HPBCD-solution accounted for significantly higher (P < 0.05) Cmax and AUC (23.1 ± 4.4 μg h/mL) values for the main metabolite (H-FLBZ), compared with those observed for the oral CMC-suspension (AUC = 3.5 ± 1.0 μg h/mL) and injectable Tween 80-based formulation (AUC: 7.5 ± 1.7 μg h/mL). The oral administration of the HPBCD-solution significantly improved the poor absorption pattern (indirectly assessed as the H-FLBZ plasma concentrations) observed after the oral administration of the FLBZ-CMC suspension or the subcutaneous injection of the Tween 80 FLBZ formulation to pigs. Overall, the work reported here indicates that FLBZ pharmacokinetic behavior can be markedly changed by the pharmaceutical formulation. The pharmacokinetics of three different FLBZ formulations was assessed in pigs. Hydrolyzed-FLBZ was the main metabolite detected in pigs given the formulations. Traces of FLBZ and reduced-FLBZ were measured after administration of FLBZ. Oral administration of FLBZ-HPBCD solution resulted in a high systemic H-FLBZ exposure. Similar FLBZ plasma exposure was observed after parenteral FLBZ-Tween 80 and HPBCD administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina.
| | - L Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - C Mackenzie
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - T Geary
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - C Lanusse
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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Bistoletti M, Alvarez L, Lanusse C, Moreno L. Effects of feeding on the plasma disposition kinetics of the anthelmintic albendazole in laying hens. Br Poult Sci 2015; 55:824-9. [PMID: 25159169 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.958058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. To optimise the use of albendazole (ABZ) as an anthelmintic in hens, the effects of fasting and type of diet on the plasma kinetics of ABZ and its metabolites were evaluated. 2. Twenty-four hens were distributed into 4 groups: In experiment I the Fed group were fed ad libitum, while the Fasted group was fasted over a 12-h period. In experiment II the Pelleted group was fed with pelleted commercial food, while the Grain group was fed with cereal grains. All the groups were treated with ABZ by oral route. Blood samples were taken and plasma analysed by HPLC. 3. ABZ and its metabolites albendazole-sulphoxide (ABZSO) and albendazole-sulphone (ABZSO2) were recovered in plasma in all the groups. The 12-h fasting period did not modify the disposition kinetics of ABZ in hens. The type of feed affected ABZ kinetics. ABZSO concentration profile was higher and detected for longer in the Grain group compared to the Pelleted group. Statistical differences were not found for AUC0-∞ values, whereas the T1/2for and T1/2el were different between groups. 4. Factors affecting ABZ kinetic behaviour should be taken into account to optimise its use to ensure the sustainability of the limited available anthelmintic therapeutic tools in avian parasite control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bistoletti
- a Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias , UNCPBA , Tandil , Argentina
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Lloberas M, Alvarez L, Entrocasso C, Ballent M, Virkel G, Luque S, Lanusse C, Lifschitz A. Comparative pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic response of single and double intraruminal doses of ivermectin and moxidectin in nematode-infected lambs. N Z Vet J 2015; 63:227-34. [PMID: 25689407 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2015.1015645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the pharmacokinetics, distribution and efficacy (pharmacodynamic response) of intraruminal ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MXD) administered at 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg to naturally nematode-infected lambs, and to determine the ex vivo accumulation of these anthelmintics by Haemonchus contortus. METHODS Romney Marsh lambs, naturally infected with IVM-resistant H. contortus, were allocated to treatment groups based on faecal nematode egg counts. They received 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg IVM or MXD (n=10 per group), or no treatment (Control; n=6), on Day 0. Samples from four animals from each treatment group, including abomasal parasites, were obtained on Day 1. Plasma samples were also collected from Day 0 to 14, and a faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and a controlled efficacy trial were carried out on Day 14. Concentrations of IVM and MXD in plasma, in abomasal and intestinal tissues and in H. contortus were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the ex vivo drug accumulation of IVM and MXD by H. contortus was determined. RESULTS Peak plasma concentrations and the area under the concentration vs. time curve for both IVM and MXD were higher for 0.4 than 0.2 mg/kg treatments (p<0.05), but there were no differences for other parameters. Concentrations of IVM and MXD in the gastrointestinal target tissues and in H. contortus were higher compared to those measured in plasma. Concentrations of both drugs in H. contortus were correlated with those observed in the abomasal content (r=0.86; p<0.0001). The exposure of H. contortus to IVM and MXD was related to the administered dose. Mean FECRT and efficacy for removal of adult H. contortus was 0% for IVM at 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg. For MXD, FECRT were >95% for both treatments, and efficacy against H. contortus was 85.1% and 98.1% for 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. The ex vivo accumulation of IVM and MXD in H. contortus was directly related to the drug concentration present in the environment and was influenced by the duration of exposure. CONCLUSION Administration of IVM and MXD at 0.4 compared with 0.2 mg/kg accounted for enhanced drug exposure in the target tissues, as well as higher drug concentrations within resistant nematodes. The current work is a further contribution to the evaluation of the relationship between drug efficacy and basic pharmacological issues in the presence of resistant parasite populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lloberas
- a Laboratorio de Parasitología , EEA INTA Balcarce , Balcarce , Argentina
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Strünker T, Alvarez L, Kaupp UB. At the physical limit - chemosensation in sperm. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2015; 34:110-6. [PMID: 25768273 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many cells probe their environment for chemical cues. Some cells respond to picomolar concentrations of neuropeptides, hormones, pheromones, or chemoattractants. At such low concentrations, cells encounter only a few molecules. The mechanistic underpinnings of single-molecule sensitivity are not known for any eukaryotic cell. Sea urchin sperm offer a unique model to unveil in quantitative terms the principles underlying chemosensation at the physical limit. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of such exquisite sensitivity and the computational operations performed by sperm during chemotactic steering. Moreover, we highlight commonalities and differences between signalling in sperm and photoreceptors and among sperm from different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Strünker
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, Bonn 53175, Germany
| | - L Alvarez
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, Bonn 53175, Germany
| | - U B Kaupp
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, Bonn 53175, Germany.
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Pinto JC, Pereira V, Marques SL, Amorim A, Alvarez L, Prata MJ. Mirandese language and genetic differentiation in Iberia: a study using X chromosome markers. Ann Hum Biol 2014; 42:20-5. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2014.944215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Pinto
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
- CIBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal, and
| | - V. Pereira
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. L. Marques
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
| | - A. Amorim
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
| | - L. Alvarez
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
| | - M. J. Prata
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,
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Ortiz P, Castope N, Cabrera M, Farias C, Suarez G, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of different generic triclabendazole formulations in heifers. N Z Vet J 2014; 62:279-85. [PMID: 24861276 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2014.925411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the comparative drug systemic exposure of a reference (RF) and four test (Test I, Test II, Test III and Test IV) formulations of triclabendazole (TCBZ) in heifers. METHODS Thirty Holstein heifers were randomly distributed into five groups (n=6 per group). Animals in the RF group received the reference formulation (Fasinex), and those in the other groups received different commercially available TCBZ formulations (Test I, Test II, Test III and Test IV). All treatments were orally administered at 12 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentrations of TCBZ metabolites in plasma between 0 and 168 hours after treatment were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Triclabendazole sulphoxide (TCBZ.SO) and TCBZ-sulphone (TCBZ.SO₂) were the only analytes recovered in plasma. Only the Test I formulation did not differ from the RF for all pharmacokinetic parameters measured for either metabolite (p>0.8). The TCBZ.SO area under the concentration vs. time curve for Test II formulation (268.9 µg.h/mL) was lower, and for Test III (619.9 µg.h/mL) and Test IV (683.4 µg.h/mL) was higher, than the RF (418.1 µg.h/mL) (p<0.005). CONCLUSION Based on the currently available bioequivalence criteria, the only test formulation under evaluation that could be considered equivalent to the RF was the Test I formulation, which demonstrated an equivalent systemic exposure for the active TCBZ.SO metabolite. This comparison of TCBZ pioneer and test formulations in cattle raises awareness of the need for further quality control for drug approval in the veterinary pharmaceutical field in many regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ortiz
- a Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias , Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca , Cajamarca , Perú
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Alvarez L. Dynamique psychique du devenir mère et ses avatars. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alvarez L, Guevara N, Reyes M, Sánchez A, Galindo F. Shade effects on feeding behavior, feed intake, and daily gain of weight in female goat kids. J Vet Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ceballos L, Virkel G, Elissondo C, Canton C, Canevari J, Murno G, Denegri G, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. A pharmacology-based comparison of the activity of albendazole and flubendazole against Echinococcus granulosus metacestode in sheep. Acta Trop 2013; 127:216-25. [PMID: 23692888 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyst echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus granulosus helminth parasite. The work reported here aimed to compare the efficacy of albendazole (ABZ) and flubendazole (FLBZ) against CE in naturally infected sheep. Additionally, their comparative pharmacokinetic behaviour and the assessment of serum liver enzymes activities were studied. Twelve (12) naturally infected sheep were allocated to the following experimental groups: unmedicated control group, FLBZ-treated and ABZ-treated. Treatments were orally performed every 48 h, over 55 days at dose rate of 10 (FLBZ) and 8.5 (ABZ) mg/kg (equimolar dose rates). The efficacy of the drug treatments was based on protoscoleces' vitality/viability. The kinetic disposition assessment included the Initial and Final Kinetic Studies which implicated the collection of blood samples after both the first and the last drug administration. Blood samples were processed to measure drug concentrations by HPLC. The protoscoleces' vitality observed in the untreated control group (98%) was significantly reduced in the presence of both ABZ and FLBZ. 90% of mice inoculated with protoscoleces in the control group developed hydatid cysts in their peritoneal cavity (viability study). However, only 25% (FLBZ) and 33% (ABZ) of mice inoculated with protoscoleces recovered from treated sheep, developed hydatid cysts in their abdominal cavity. Reduced FLBZ (R-FLBZ) was the main metabolite recovered in the bloodstream after oral administration of FLBZ to sheep. Low plasma concentrations of FLBZ parent drug were measured up to 48 h post-administration. ABZ was not detected in plasma at any time post-treatment, being its metabolites ABZ sulphoxide (ABZSO) and ABZ sulphone (ABZSO₂) recovered in plasma. Hepatotoxicity due to the continued treatment with either ABZ or FLBZ was not observed. A 3-fold increase ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity, a cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A)-dependent enzyme reaction, was observed in liver microsomes obtained from sheep receiving ABZ, compared to those of the unmedicated and FLBZ-treated animals. In conclusion, FLBZ is an available anthelmintic which may be developed into an effective and safe drug for the human CE treatment. Despite the low plasma concentrations measured by FLBZ/R-FLBZ, an important reduction in protoscoleces' vitality was observed in cysts located in sheep liver. Modern pharmaceutical technology may help to greatly improve FLBZ systemic exposure improving its efficacy against CE.
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Alvarez L, Gamboa D, Zarco L, Ungerfeld R. Response to the buck effect in goats primed with CIDRs, previously used CIDRs, or previously used autoclaved CIDRs during the non-breeding season. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alvarez L, Medina OC, García ME, García H. First report of an unclassifiedDemodexmite causing demodicosis in a Venezuelan dog. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2013; 101:529-32. [PMID: 17716436 DOI: 10.1179/136485907x193888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
For the first time in Venezuela, a case of canine demodicosis apparently caused by a simultaneous infection with an unclassified Demodex and Demodex canis has been observed. The most severely affected area of the dog involved, a 3-month-old male Doberman Pinscher, was the head, particularly the peri-orbital skin. Skin samples of the affected areas were taken and evaluated by both light and scanning electron microscopy. The mites of the unclassified Demodex were smaller than those of D. canis and appeared relatively stout. In the skin scrapings, D. canis outnumbered the unclassified Demodex by a ratio of 30:1, making it unclear if the unclassified Demodex is pathogenic to dogs. A combination of superficial and deep skin scrapings, from a suspected case of demodicosis, may help to reveal other infestations of the unclassified Demodex that would otherwise be masked by concurrent infections with D. canis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alvarez
- Departamento de Patología Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 4563/2101A, Estado Aragua, Venezuela
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Calvo-Río V, Loricera J, Martín L, Ortiz-Sanjuán F, Alvarez L, González-Vela MC, González-Lamuño D, Mata C, Gortázar P, Rueda-Gotor J, Arias M, Martínez-Taboada V, González-Gay MA, Blanco R. SAT0157 Nephropathy in Henoch-SchÖNlein Purpura: Study of 142 Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Calvo-Río V, Loricera J, Martín L, Ortiz-Sanjuán F, Alvarez L, González-Vela MC, González-Lamuño D, Mata C, Gortázar P, Rueda-Gotor J, Arias M, Peiró E, Martínez-Taboada VM, González-Gay MA, Blanco R. Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and IgA nephropathy: a comparative clinical study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2013; 31:S45-S51. [PMID: 23663681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are related syndromes. In the present study we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcome of a large and unselected series of patients diagnosed as having HSPN and IgAN. METHODS Comparative study of a wide and unselected population of HSPN (142 patient) and IgAN (61 patients) from a teaching hospital of Northern Spain. RESULTS All of the following comparisons were expressed between HSPN vs. IgAN, respectively. HSPN patients were younger (30.6±26.4 vs. 37.1±16.5 years, p<0.001). Precipitating events, usually an upper respiratory tract infection and/or drug intake, were more frequently observed in HSPN (38% vs. 23%, p=0.03). Extra-renal manifestations were also more common in HSPN than in IgAN; skin lesions (100% vs. 1.8%; p<0.001), gastrointestinal (62% vs. 7.4%; p<0.001), and joint involvement (61.3% vs. 3.6%; p<0.001). However, nephritis was less severe in HSPN, renal insufficiency (25% in HSPN vs. 63.4% in IgAN; p<0.001), nephrotic syndrome (12.5%, vs. 43.7%; p<0.001), and nephritic syndrome (6.8% vs. 10.7%; NS). Leukocytosis was more frequent in HSPN (22.5% vs. 8.2%; p=0.015) and anaemia in IgAN (12.7% in HSPN vs. 36% in IgAN, p<0.001). The frequency of corticosteroid (79.6% vs. 69%; NS) and cytotoxic drug (19% vs. 16.5%, NS) use was similar. The frequency of relapses was similar (38.6% in HSPN vs. 36.3% in IgAN). After a median follow-up of 120.8 (IQR; 110-132) months in HSPN and 138.6 (IQR; 117-156) in IgAN, requirement for dialysis (2.9% vs. 43.5%; p<0.001), renal transplant (0% vs. 36%, p<0.001) and residual chronic renal insufficiency (4.9% vs. 63.8%; p<0.001) was more frequently observed in patients with in IgAN. CONCLUSIONS HSPN and IgAN represent different syndromes. IgAN has more severe renal involvement while HSPN is associated with more extra-renal manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Calvo-Río
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
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