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Verma TR, Painuly NK, Mishar SP, Bhatt MLB. Assessment of Uncertainty in Volume Estimation of Non-Static Target: A Phantom Study using Racemosa Wood. Gulf J Oncolog 2024; 1:7-15. [PMID: 38205567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CT information of the target undergoing motion/movement during its scanning has been questioned by many researchers for its preciseness as well as accuracy. The present study was taken with aim to validate the racimosa wood as lung equivalent and to assess the uncertainty in volume estimation during virtual simulation of non-static target of known dimension such as in lung cancer radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The racemosa wood was validated as lung equivalent material with the help of two methods. Wood insert with tumor model was put into the hollow cylinder space of dimension 6.4 cm in diameter provided in CIRS phantom. First CT image of rest position was taken and given name "No Movement". Subsequently the tumor was shifted +/-5mm, +/-15mm and +/-25 mm with respect to "Rest Position". CT images of the CIRS phantom containing tumor in wood cylinder were acquired after each movement given to wood cylinder. RESULTS The relative electron density of racemosa wood corresponding to HU value -724 was found to be 0.275 gm/cm3. The true volume of the target was 7.8.cm3 however variation up to 9.5 cm3 was observed in CT produced volume of the target over the range of different movements. DISCUSSION The racemosa wood was found to be having range of density (- 850 HU to - 400 HU) similar to real human lung density variation. Various studies have been performed using uniform density lung structures in their experimental setups to assess the accuracy in lung cancer radiation delivery. However, in the present work approximately real clinical setting was reproduced by putting the wood cylinder with density variation from 0.2 gm/cm3- 4.5 gm/cm3in hollow space provided in one lung structure the phantom used in this study. CONCLUSIONS The racemosa wood was found to be lung equivalent which is available locally and cost-effective as well. Overestimation in the target volume (by CT imaging) showed a trend of increase with 3 directional movement amplitudes. The results of this study can be utilised in lung cancer radiotherapy as the same were derived from setup having clinical settings in terms of lung density variation, shape, compositions of the phantom maximally as found during the real patient radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Verma
- King George Medical University, India
| | | | - S P Mishar
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- King George Medical University, India
- Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, India
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Batham S, Gupta S, Ghosh A, Gupta IJ, Johny D, Srivastava S, Singh N, Bhatt MLB, Gupta R, Bhosale VV, NegiA MPS. Comparative Study of Dysphagia-optimized Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) and Standard Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (S-IMRT) and Its Clinical Correlation in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3697-3704. [PMID: 38019227 PMCID: PMC10772780 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.11.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dosimetric sparing of critical swallowing structures like constrictor muscles and larynx can lead to improved functional outcomes in head and neck cancer patients treated by chemoradiation. METHODS A total of 50 Patients with newly diagnosed, biopsy proven AJCC stage II-IV head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) were prospectively studied. 25 patients were randomized in each arm of Dysphagia-optimized Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) arm and Standard Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (SIMRT) arm. Additional dose constraints were applied to the dysphagia/aspiration at risk structures (DARS) in Do-IMRT arm. The impact of using Do-IMRT was assessed by the difference in mean scores of MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), University of Washington-Quality of Life (UW-QOL), and 100 ml Water Swallow Test (WST). RESULTS Patients in both arms showed significant (P <0.01 or P < 0.001) improvement in MDADI (global and composite), UW-QOL and Water Swallow Test scores. However, the improvements were found significantly higher in Do-IMRT as compared to S-IMRT. Significant improvements i.e. mean change from baseline to 12 months (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001) were 19. 2, 8.6, 14.3, 7.4, 18.6 and 22.0% higher respectively in Do-IMRT as compared to S-IMRT in MDADI global and composite scores, UW-QOL swallowing scores, and 100 ml Water Swallow (swallowing volume, swallowing capacity and swallowing speed) test scores. CONCLUSION The Do-IMRT improves swallowing functions compared to S-IMRT in HNSCC patients treated with radical chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shally Batham
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Seema Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Arunima Ghosh
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Indra Jeet Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Danial Johny
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shraddha Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Navin Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - MLB Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | | - MPS NegiA
- Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Yadav AK, Singh N, Yadav SK, Bhatt MLB, Pandey A, Yadav DK, Yadav S. Expression of miR-145 and miR-18b in Peripheral Blood Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Indian J Clin Biochem 2023; 38:528-535. [PMID: 37746533 PMCID: PMC10516845 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is one of the most prevalent type of cancer known in Indian population. Studies are needed to identify the early biomarkers for HNSCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules, expression of which can be used as biomarker for early diagnosis of HNSCC. For miRNA profiling total RNA, which also contained small RNAs were isolated from ten HNSCC tissue samples and adjacent control. Purity and concentration of eluted RNA was assessed using the NanoDrop1000® spectrophotometer, Reverse Transcription reaction was carried out with megaplex RT primers of pool A and pool B and the expression of selected miRNAs (miR-143/145 and miR-18a/b) was measured using TaqMan primers specific for mature miRNAs. Our study showed dramatic downregulation in expression of two miRNAs, miR-18b and miR-145 in blood samples of HNSCC patients, which are inhibitor of tumorigenesis and can be targeted as biomarker of HNSCC pathogenesis therefore developing avenues for miRNA role in prognosis and therapeutics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01119-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Yadav
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Moti Katra, Agra, Uttar Pradesh 282002 India
| | - Nishant Singh
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Yadav
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - M. L. B. Bhatt
- King Georges’ Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | | | - Dev Kumar Yadav
- Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh 229405 India
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Kukreja D, Verma M, Bhatt MLB. Is it Doable to Pick a Few Good Oranges out of a Full Rotten Basket: Masticator Space Involvement in Locally Advanced Oral Cavity Cancers. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e568-e569. [PMID: 37316394 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Kukreja
- Department of Radiation Oncology, RMLIMS, Lucknow, India
| | - M Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, KGMU, Lucknow, India.
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, KGMU, Lucknow, India
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Tuteja JS, Anand A, Chakrabarti D, Gupta R, Bhatt MLB. Snapshots quiz. Br J Surg 2021; 109:168. [PMID: 34595503 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A 25-year old gentleman, treated one year previously for a signet ring mid rectal adenocarcinoma, presented with facial swelling and multiple nodular swellings on the neck and back. What is the diagnosis?
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Tuteja
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical, Lucknow, India
| | - A Anand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical, Lucknow, India
| | - D Chakrabarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical, Lucknow, India
| | - R Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical, Lucknow, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical, Lucknow, India
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Prakash S, Prakash O, Mishra H, Khan DN, Shukla S, Pandey A, Rade K, Gupta N, Bhatt MLB, Jain A. Feasibility, efficiency & effectiveness of pooled sample testing strategy (pooled NAAT) for molecular testing of COVID-19. Indian J Med Res 2021; 153:227-232. [PMID: 33818481 PMCID: PMC8184083 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2333_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: During the current COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of clinical samples were tested by real-time PCR. Pooling the clinical samples before testing can be a good cost-saving and rapid alternative for screening large populations. The aim of this study was to compare the performance characteristics, feasibility and effectiveness of pooling nasal swab and throat swab samples for screening and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: The pool testing was applied on a set of samples coming from low COVID-19 positivity areas. A total of 2410 samples were tested in pools of five samples each. A total of five pools of five samples each were generated and tested for E gene. Results: Of the total of 482 pools (2410 samples) 24 pools flagged positive. Later on pool de-convolution, a total of 26 samples were detected as positive for COVID-19, leading to positivity of about one per cent in the test population. For the diagnosis of individual samples, the pooling strategies resulted in cost savings of 75 per cent (5 samples per pool). Interpretation & conclusions: It was observed that testing samples for COVID-19 by reverse transcription (RT)- PCR after pooling could be a cost-effective method which would save both in manpower and cost especially for resource-poor countries and at a time when test kits were short in supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hricha Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Danish N Khan
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suruchi Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Rade
- Consultant, WHO Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chakrabarti D, Rajan S, Akhtar N, Qayoom S, Gupta S, Verma M, Srivastava K, Kumar V, Bhatt MLB, Gupta R. Short-course radiotherapy with consolidation chemotherapy versus conventionally fractionated long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: randomized clinical trial. Br J Surg 2021; 108:511-520. [PMID: 33724296 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trial hypothesis was that, in a resource-constrained situation, short-course radiotherapy would improve treatment compliance compared with conventional chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer, without compromising oncological outcomes. METHODS In this open-label RCT, patients with cT3, cT4 or node-positive non-metastatic rectal cancer were allocated randomly to 5 × 5 Gy radiotherapy and two cycles of XELOX (arm A) or chemoradiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine (arm B), followed by total mesorectal excision in both arms. All patients received a further six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with the XELOX regimen. The primary endpoint was treatment compliance, defined as the ability to complete planned treatment, including neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy to a dose of six cycles. RESULTS Of 162 allocated patients, 140 were eligible for analysis: 69 in arm A and 71 in arm B. Compliance with planned treatment (primary endpoint) was greater in arm A (63 versus 41 per cent; P = 0.005). The incidence of acute toxicities of neoadjuvant therapy was similar (haematological: 28 versus 32 per cent, P = 0.533; gastrointestinal: 14 versus 21 per cent, P = 0.305; grade III-IV: 2 versus 4 per cent, P = 1.000). Delays in radiotherapy were less common in arm A (9 versus 45 per cent; P < 0.001), and overall times for completion of neoadjuvant treatment were shorter (P < 0.001). The rates of R0 resection (87 versus 90 per cent; P = 0.554), sphincter preservation (32 versus 35 per cent; P = 0.708), pathological complete response (12 versus 10 per cent; P = 0.740), and overall tumour downstaging (75 versus 75 per cent; P = 0.920) were similar. Downstaging of the primary tumour (ypT) was more common in arm A (P = 0.044). There was no difference in postoperative complications between trial arms (P = 0.838). CONCLUSION Reduced treatment delays and a higher rate of compliance were observed with treatment for short-course radiotherapy with consolidation chemotherapy, with no difference in early oncological surgical outcomes. In time- and resource-constrained rectal cancer units in developing countries, short-course radiotherapy should be the standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chakrabarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Rajan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - N Akhtar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Qayoom
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - M Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - K Srivastava
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - V Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Raturi V, Hojo H, Bhatt MLB, Suhel M, Wu C, Bei Y, Nakamura M, Okumura M, Zhang H, Parmar D, Badajena A, Singh R, Kumar S, Katiyar T, Gaur J. Prospective evaluation of XRCC‐1 Arg194Trp polymorphism as bio‐predictor for clinical outcome in locally advanced laryngeal cancer undergoing cisplatin‐based chemoradiation. Head Neck 2020; 42:1045-1056. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.26083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Raturi
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | - Hidehiro Hojo
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | - M. L. B. Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
| | - Mohammad Suhel
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
| | - Chen‐Ta Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate school of medicine Keio University Japan
| | - Yanping Bei
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | - Masayuki Okumura
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | - Haiqin Zhang
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle therapy National Cancer Center Hospital East Chiba Japan
| | | | - Avinash Badajena
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Radiology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
| | - Tridev Katiyar
- Indian Institute of Toxicology and Research Lucknow India
| | - Jalaj Gaur
- Department of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University Lucknow India
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Rastogi N, Gara RK, Trivedi R, Singh A, Dixit P, Maurya R, Duggal S, Bhatt MLB, Singh S, Mishra DP. Corrigendum to "(6)-Gingerol induced myeloid leukemia cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and activation of miR-27b expression" [Free Radic. Biol. Med. 68 (2014) 288-301]. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:404. [PMID: 31474506 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Rastogi
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Rishi Kumar Gara
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Rachana Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Preety Dixit
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India
| | - Shivali Duggal
- Department of Radiotherapy, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Toxicology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, 226021, India.
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Srivastava S, Painuly NK, Mishra SP, Srivastava K, Singh N, Singh S, Bhatt MLB. Evaluation of Volumetric Doses of Organs at Risk in Carcinoma Cervix Patients with HDR Intracavitary Brachytherapy and Comparison of CT-based and Conventional Plans. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:603-612. [PMID: 32039090 PMCID: PMC6943852 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Brachytherapy treatment planning in cervix carcinoma patients using two dimensional (2D) orthogonal images provides only point dose estimates while CT-based planning provides volumetric dose assessment helping in understanding the correlation between morbidity and the dose to organs at risk (OARs) and treatment volume.
Objective: Aim of present study is to compare International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Report 38 (ICRU 38) reference point doses to OARs with volumetric doses using 2D images and CT images in patients with cervical cancer.
Material and Methods: In this prospective study, 20 patients with cervical cancer stages (IIB-IIIB) were planned for a brachytherapy dose of 7Gy per fraction for three
fractions using 2D image-based treatment plan and CT-based plan. ICRU 38 points for bladder and rectum were identified on both 2D image-based plan
and CT-based plan and doses (DICRU) at these points were compared to the minimum dose to 2cc volume (D2cc) of bladder and rectum receiving the highest dose.
Results: D2cc bladder dose was 1.60 (±0.67) times more than DICRUb bladder dose whereas D2cc rectum dose was 1.13±0.40 times DICRUr. Significant difference
was found between DICRUb and D2cc dose for bladder (p=.0.016) while no significant difference was seen between DICRUr and D2cc dose for rectum (p=0.964).
Conclusion: The study suggests that ICRU 38 point doses are not the true representation of maximum doses to OARs. CT-based treatment planning is more a reliable tool for OAR dose assessment than the conventional 2D radiograph-based plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Srivastava
- MSc, Assistant Professor, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N K Painuly
- PhD, Professor of Medical Physics, Department of Radiotherapy King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Mishra
- PhD, Senior Scientist, Department of Radiation Oncology Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - K Srivastava
- MD, Professor of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Singh
- PhD, Assistant Professor of Medical Physics, Department of Radiotherapy King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Singh
- MD, Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- MD, Vice Chancellor, Professor of Radiation Oncology King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Verma TR, Painuly NK, Tyagi M, Johny D, Gupta R, Bhatt MLB. Validation of the Gel & Wax Boluses and Comparison of their Dosimetric Performance with Virtual Bolus. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:629-636. [PMID: 32039093 PMCID: PMC6943845 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background In general, radiotherapy treatment planning is performed using the virtual bolus. It is necessary to investigate physical bolus in comparison to virtual one. Objectives In the present study, first, radiological properties of superflab Gel bolus and Paraffin wax bolus was investigated in terms of their relative electron density. Then, dosimetric performance of both the bolus (i.e. Gel and Parafin wax) was compared with Virtual bolus. Material and Methods In This experimental study, the radiological property of Wax and Gel boluses was investigated using two methods. In one, the relative electron density of both the Gel and Wax boluses was calculated by measuring their linear attenuation coefficient where in another method relative electron density was calculated by recording their CT No directly from their CT scan. Later CT scan of solid water slab phantom (dimension 30x30x15 cm3), with physical boluses (i.e. Gel and Wax bolus) of appropriate thicknesses required to deliver a dose of 200 cGy at Dmax using 4 MV, 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams, was taken. These CT data sets were retrieved to TPS. A plan was done to deliver a dose of 200 cGy at Dmax using Single 4 MV, 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams. Dose at depths Dmax, 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm was recorded. Using this similar method, doses at depths viz Dmax, 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm was recorded for the Gel and Wax boluses. The differences in dose of gel and wax bolus from virtual bolus were recorded for comparison of their dosimetric performance. Results The measured (calculated) relative electron density of wax and Gel bolus was found to be 0.958 (0.926) and 0.923 (0.907), respectively. Variation in dosimetric performance of Gel and Wax with reference to Virtual bolus was studied. However, on average, Gel bolus was more consistent with virtual bolus. Conclusion To avoid any dose difference between, delivered (using physical bolus) and planned (using virtual bolus), the physical boluses should be investigated for their dosimetric performance in comparison to virtual bolus. The results obtained and methodology used in this study can be applied in routine radiotherapy practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Verma
- PhD, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - N K Painuly
- PhD, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - M Tyagi
- MSc, Department of Radiology &
| | - D Johny
- MSc, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - R Gupta
- MD, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- MD, Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India
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Nigam K, Sanyal S, Gupta S, Gupta OP, Mahdi AA, Bhatt MLB. Alteration of the Risk of Oral Pre-Cancer and Cancer in North India Population by CYP1A1 Polymorphism Genotypes and
Haplotype. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:345-354. [PMID: 30803192 PMCID: PMC6897020 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.2.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate any association between CYP1A1 (T6235C and C4887A, A4889G) gene polymorphisms and the risk of oral pre-cancer and cancer. Methods: In the present study, 250 patients with oral pre-cancer and/or cancer and 250 healthy controls were genotyped for CYP1A1 T6235C, C4887A and A4889G polymorphisms by the PCR-RFLP method. Results: None of the CYP1A1 polymorphisms were associated with the risk of either oral cancer or pre cancer. Nor were any links with clinical parameters of oral cancer found. However, among the consumers of areca nut/pan masala the TC, CA and AG genotypes respectively for the CYP1A1 T6235C,C4887Aand A4889G polymorphisms were significantly more frequent in controls compared to cases (p values for cases vs. controls of 0.0032, 0.0019 and 0.0009, respectively). Similarly, compared to the haplotype TCA, TAG constituted by CYP1A1 T6235C and C4887A and A4889G was more common in controls (6.88%) than in cases (4.07%). Conclusion: Our results suggest that genotypes regarding CYP1A1 polymorphisms may modulate the risk of oral cancer and pre-cancer among the areca nut/pan masala consumers. The haplotype may also exert an influence in our north Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Nigam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
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Nayak S, Bhatt MLB, Goel MM, Gupta S, Mahdi AA, Mishra A, Mehrotra D. Correction: Tissue and serum expression of TGM-3 may be prognostic marker in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202432. [PMID: 30092098 PMCID: PMC6085057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Nayak S, Bhatt MLB, Goel MM, Gupta S, Mahdi AA, Mishra A, Mehrotra D. Tissue and serum expression of TGM-3 may be prognostic marker in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199665. [PMID: 29953521 PMCID: PMC6023195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is one of the main determinants of treatment outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but its prediction is difficult. Several authors aimed to establish radioresistant OSCC cell lines to identify genes with altered expression in response to radioresistance. The development of OSCC is a multistep carcinogenic process that includes activation of several oncogenes and inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. TGM-3 is a tumour suppressor gene and contributes to carcinogenesis process. The aim of this study was to estimate serum and tissue expression of TGM-3 and its correlation with clinico-pathological factors and overall survival in patients of OSCC undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. Tissue expression was observed in formalin fixed tissue biopsies of 96 cases of OSCC and 32 healthy controls were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) by using antibody against TGM-3 and serum level was estimated by ELISA method. mRNA expression was determined by using Real-Time PCR. Patients were followed for 2 year for chemo radiotherapy response. In OSCC, 76.70% cases and in controls 90.62% were positive for TGM-3 IHC expression. TGM-3 expression was cytoplasmic and nuclear staining expressed in keratinized layer, stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum in controls and tumour cells. Mean serum TGM-3 in pre chemo-radiotherapy OSCC cases were 1304.83±573.55, post chemo-radiotherapy samples were 1530.64±669.33 and controls were 1869.16±1377.36, but difference was significant in pre chemo-radiotherapy samples as compared to controls (p<0.018). This finding was also confirmed by real- time PCR analysis in which down regulation (-7.92 fold change) of TGM-3 in OSCC as compared to controls. TGM-3 expression was significantly associated with response to chemo-radiotherapy treatment (p<0.007) and overall survival (p<0.015). Patents having higher level of TGM-3 expression have good response to chemo-radiotherapy and also have better overall survival. TGM-3 may serve as a candidate biomarker for responsiveness to chemo-radiotherapy treatment in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Nayak
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M. L. B. Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Mati Goel
- Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Mishra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George’s Medical University Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Verma TR, Painuly NK, Mishra SP, Singh N, Bhatt MLB, Jamal N, Pant MC. Evaluation of dose calculation accuracy of various algorithms in lung equivalent inhomogeneity: Comparison of calculated data with Gafchromic film measured results. J Cancer Res Ther 2017; 13:1007-1014. [PMID: 29237967 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.168992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate dose calculation accuracy of various algorithms in lung equivalent inhomogeneity comprising tumor within it and comparison with Gafchromic film data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gafchromic film measured central axis absorbed dose in lung insert (-700 Hounsfield unit [HU]), in racemosa wood cylindrical inhomogeneity (-725 HU) and at three surfaces of tumor (-20 HU) created in cylindrical inhomogeneity, put in the cavity of computerized imaging reference systems (CIRS) thorax phantom were compared with convolution (CON), superposition (SP), fast SP (FSP), and X-ray voxel Monte Carlo (XVMC) algorithms calculated dose using 6 MV beams of field size 2 cm × 2 cm, 3 cm × 3 cm, 4 cm × 4 cm, 5 cm × 5 cm, and 8 cm × 8 cm. RESULTS XVMC was in good agreement with film measured results for all selected field sizes except 3 cm × 3 cm. SP under estimated by 5.7% at the center of the lung insert while deviation up to 6% was found at the cent of wood inhomogeneity in 2 cm × 2 cm. Except CON, increase in dose from proximal to the central surface of the tumor and then dose falloff from central to the distal surface for field size 2 cm × 2 cm to 4 cm × 4 cm was recorded. The change in film measured percentage depth dose from 2 cm × 2 cm to 3 cm × 3 cm field sizes was found -8% however for consecutive field size(s) larger than 3 cm × 3 cm this difference was less. CON and FSP produced overestimated results. CONCLUSION Out of four algorithms, XVMC found consistent with measured data. The electronic disequilibrium within and at the interface of inhomogeneity make the accurate dose predictions difficult. These limitations results in deviations from the expected results of the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerth Raj Verma
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmal K Painuly
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra P Mishra
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - Navin Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - Naseem Jamal
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
| | - M C Pant
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University UP, Lucknow, Uttart Pradesh, India
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Gupta S, Kushwaha VS, Verma S, Khan H, Bhatt MLB, Husain N, Negi MPS, Bhosale VV, Ghatak A. Understanding molecular markers in recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiation. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00206. [PMID: 27981249 PMCID: PMC5148783 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral cancer accounts for approximately 2.1% of all cancers worldwide. In India, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer with half a million new cases diagnosed every year. More than 50% of patients eventually develop local recurrence or metastasis usually within the first 2-years following completion of treatment. It is beneficial to analyze the prognostic significance of Cyclin D1, p53 and EGFR which are critical mediators in the pathogenesis of OSCC. The objective of this study was to assess the association of expression of these markers with recurrence and pattern of recurrence in OSCC patients undergoing chemoradiation. Materials and Methods A Total 290 OSCC cases of locally advanced stage (III, IV) oral cancer with World Health Organization (W.H.O.) performance status of grade 0/1 in the year 2009–2012 were enrolled in the study. Treatment response was assessed according to W.H.O. criteria. Cyclin D1, EGFR and p53 expression in tumor tissue was estimated by immunohistochemical (IHC) method and quantified as percentage positive nuclei. Results During the 2-years follow up, 56 (19.3%) patients recurred, out of which, 47 (83.9%) were locoregional and 9 (16.1%) distant sites. On correlating, χ2 test showed significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) association of marker expressions (Cyclin D1, EGFR and p53) with recurrence. The strong positive expressions of all three markers showed significant association with early time of recurrence. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) association of recurrence with primary site, differentiation, Cyclin D1 and p53 expressions indicating these as an independent predictors of recurrence in OSCC. The Cyclin D1, EGFR and p53 expressions also showed significant (P < 0.001) poor survivals (OS, DFS and RFS) in patients with positive/strong positive expressions than negative expression suggesting their prognosis in OSCC. Conclusion Our results signifies that tumors over expressing Cyclin D1, EGFR and p53 are resistant to chemoradiation and are associated with increased risk of locoregional recurrence and metastasis in OSCC patients undergoing chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vandana Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Huma Khan
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, RMLIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahendra Pal Singh Negi
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Vidyadhar Bhosale
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashim Ghatak
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rastogi N, Duggal S, Singh SK, Porwal K, Srivastava VK, Maurya R, Bhatt MLB, Mishra DP. Proteasome inhibition mediates p53 reactivation and anti-cancer activity of 6-gingerol in cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43310-25. [PMID: 26621832 PMCID: PMC4791234 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) expressing E6 and E7 oncoproteins, is known to inactivate the tumor suppressor p53 through proteasomal degradation in cervical cancers. Therefore, use of small molecules for inhibition of proteasome function and induction of p53 reactivation is a promising strategy for induction of apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. The polyphenolic alkanone, 6-Gingerol (6G), present in the pungent extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has shown potent anti-tumorigenic and pro-apoptotic activities against a variety of cancers. In this study we explored the molecular mechanism of action of 6G in human cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 6G potently inhibited proliferation of the HPV positive cervical cancer cells. 6G was found to: (i) inhibit the chymotrypsin activity of proteasomes, (ii) induce reactivation of p53, (iii) increase levels of p21, (iv) induce DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest, (v) alter expression levels of p53-associated apoptotic markers like, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP, and (vi) potentiate the cytotoxicity of cisplatin. 6G treatment induced significant reduction of tumor volume, tumor weight, proteasome inhibition and p53 accumulation in HeLa xenograft tumor cells in vivo. The 6G treatment was devoid of toxic effects as it did not affect body weights, hematological and osteogenic parameters. Taken together, our data underscores the therapeutic and chemosensitizing effects of 6G in the management and treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Rastogi
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shivali Duggal
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shailendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Konica Porwal
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Tewari BN, Singh Baghel K, Tripathi C, Dubey P, Bhatt MLB, Kumar V, Mati Goel M, Singh Negi MP, Misra S. A study on local expression of NF-κB, CCL2 and their involvement in intratumoral macrophage infiltration in breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:116-125. [PMID: 26950462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB has been implicated in mechanisms promoting inflammation in tumor microenvironment leading to breast cancer metastasis. Owing to critical role of CCL2 during metastasis, particularly in its capacity to act as a chemoattractant for macrophages and their precursors i.e monocytes, we decided to explore if pro-metastatic function of NF-κB could be attributable to CCL2 and/or macrophage infiltration. Through our study we provide experimental and clinical evidence in support of co-ordinated expression of chemokines CCL2, NF-κB and intratumoral macrophage content particularly with respect to breast cancer, with an additional evidence of these three variables being key determinant for poor prognosis and diminished survival amongst breast cancer patients both independently as well in a coordinated manner. The mean fold increase in mRNA expression level of NF-κB and CCL2 indicated that it was over expressed 13.57 and 13.18 fold respectively in tumor tissue as compared to adjacent normal tissue. Among these Immunohistochemistry expression of CD68 marker showed that 62 patients (66.7%) had low/moderate CD68 expression while 31 patients (33.3%) had strong expression. All three variables viz.NF-κB, CCL2 and CD68 showed significant (p<0.05 or p<0.01 or p<0.001) respectively associations with both clinicopathological (except CD68 with stage) and hormone receptors (ER, PR and Her2/neu) and their co-expressions indicating these as predictors of breast cancer. In this study we decipher the possible molecular mechanism by way of which NF-κB may promote breast cancer metastasis. Our study has clinical relevance as it establishes significance of these three variables as potential predictive markers to be employed in breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Odds Ratio
- Phenyl Ethers/pharmacology
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Tewari
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - K Singh Baghel
- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR) Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - C Tripathi
- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR) Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - P Dubey
- King George Medical University Department of Radiotherapy Lucknow India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- King George Medical University Department of Radiotherapy Lucknow India
| | - V Kumar
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - M Mati Goel
- King George Medical University Department of Pathology Lucknow India
| | - M P Singh Negi
- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR) Biometry and Statistics Division Lucknow India
| | - S Misra
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
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Singh MP, Kumar V, Agarwal A, Kumar R, Bhatt MLB, Misra S. Clinico-epidemiological study of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A tertiary care centre study in North India. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2015; 6:31-4. [PMID: 26937366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks 12th most common cancer in the world. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the OSCC. METHODS A retrospective study of 611 OSCC patients from January 2010 to December 2013 was carried out in Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India. Details of patient's sex, age, tobacco habit and site of cancer were noted. Data were analyzed by Student's t test and chi-squire (χ (2)) test. RESULTS The prevalence of OSCC was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in males (75.9%) than females (24.1%). The mean age of female patients was higher than males (p < 0.001). In both the genders, the buccal mucosa and gingivobuccal sulcus were found to be the most affected sites. Moreover, the smokeless form of tobacco was found to be significantly associated with OSCC, especially in females. CONCLUSION The study concluded that OSCC is more common in men as compared to women, probably due to habit of tobacco consumption. Smokeless tobacco use is an important risk factor, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Akash Agarwal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Vibhuti Khand, Gomtinagar, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Director, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
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Dubey P, Shrivastava R, Tripathi C, Jain NK, Tewari BN, Lone MUD, Baghel KS, Kumar V, Misra S, Bhadauria S, Bhatt MLB. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition attenuates hypoxic cancer cells induced m2-polarization of macrophages. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2014; 60:10-15. [PMID: 25210855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), represent a major subpopulation of tumor infiltrating immune cells. These alternatively activated M2-polarized macrophages are well known for their pro-tumor functions. Owing to their established role in potentiating tumor-neovasculogenesis and metastasis, TAMs have emerged as promising target for anti-cancer immunotherapy. One of the key TAMs related phenomenon that is amenable to therapeutic intervention is their phenotype switching into alternatively activated M2-polarized macrophages. Hindering macrophage polarization towards a pro-tumor M2 phenotype, or better still reprogramming the M2 like TAMs towards M1 subtype is being considered a beneficial anti-cancer strategy. Hypoxic tumor milieu has been proposed as one of the most plausible factor governing M2-polarization of macrophages. We recently demonstrated that hypoxic tumor cells imparted a pro—angiogenic M2 skewed phenotype to macrophages. Furthermore, sizeable body of data indicates for participation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in macrophage polarization. Concordantly, inhibition of COX-2 is associated with impaired macrophage polarization. Prompted by this in the current study we decided to explore if inhibition of COX-2 activity via chemical inhibitors may prevent hypoxic cancer cell induced M2-polarization of macrophages. We observed that treatment with Flunixin meglumine, an established preferential inhibitor of COX-2 activity markedly inhibited hypoxic cancer cell induced of M2-polarization of macrophages thereby indicating for usage of COX-2 inhibition as possible anti-cancer treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dubey
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - R Shrivastava
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - C Tripathi
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - N K Jain
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - B N Tewari
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - M-U-D Lone
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - K S Baghel
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India
| | - V Kumar
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - S Misra
- King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India
| | - S Bhadauria
- Central Drug Research Institute Division of Toxicology Lucknow India smraticdri@gmail.com
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Dr.R M L Institute of Medical sciences Department of Radiation Oncology Lucknow India drmlbhatt@yahoo.com
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Singh PK, Srivastava AK, Rath SK, Dalela D, Goel MM, Bhatt MLB. Expression and clinical significance of Centrosomal protein 55 (CEP55) in human urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Immunobiology 2014; 220:103-8. [PMID: 25178936 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one among the most common and lethal urothelial malignancies worldwide. The expression of cancer-testis (CT) antigens in some tumours and restricted expression among normal tissues make CT antigens as attractive vaccine targets. In this context, we evaluated Centrosomal protein 55 kDa (CEP55), which is specifically expressed in normal human testis and various malignancies. Until the expression pattern of CEP55 in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of human urinary bladder and its clinical significance are not known. The aim of the present study is to evaluate mRNA/protein expression of CEP55 in TCCs of urinary bladder and correlate its expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients. In this study, the methods of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to investigate mRNA/protein expression of CEP55 in TCC. Independent Student's t test, ANOVA and Chi-square (χ(2)) were used to analyze the data statistically. We observed CEP55 mRNA overexpression in testis and 48.7% of BC patients. Relative mean fold expression of CEP55 mRNA was found to be significantly (p<0.01) higher in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) as compared to non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients (7.88±3.88 vs. 4.75±2.30, p=0.01). CEP55 protein expression was evaluated using IHC and cytoplasmic staining pattern was recorded in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) bladder tumour tissues. No significant difference was observed in protein expression of CEP55 between the two groups (NMIBC and MIBC patients) (72.2% vs. 69.0%, p=0.774). No significant protein expression of CEP55 was observed among adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANCTs) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) used as control. Our study results suggest that CEP55 mRNA/protein expression was observed is specific to TCC of human urinary bladder and might be used as a diagnostic biomarker and vaccine target in development of BC specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Anupam K Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - S K Rath
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India
| | - D Dalela
- Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - M M Goel
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India.
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Srivastava AK, Singh PK, Rath SK, Dalela D, Goel MM, Bhatt MLB. Appraisal of diagnostic ability of UCA1 as a biomarker of carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11435-42. [PMID: 25123267 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Initial diagnosis of carcinoma of the urinary bladder remains to be a challenge. Urine cytology, as an adjunct to cystoscopy, is less sensitive for low-grade tumors. Urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) is a novel non-coding RNA gene, which plays a pivotal role in bladder cancer progression. Our aim is to investigate the significance of urinary UCA1 for the non-invasive diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder. We examined UCA1 expression in a bladder cancer cell line (T24) and in urine of 28 healthy individuals, 46 patients of non-malignant disorders, and 117 cases (69 primary and 48 recurrent cases) of histologically proven TCC prior to transurethral resection by using real-time PCR and compared it with voided urinary cytology. UCA1 expression was found in T24 cell line and also found to be significantly higher in the cancer group as compared to the controls (p<0.001). UCA1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression showed a significant (p<0.05) association with stage and grade (p<0.05). UCA1 showed a sensitivity of 79.49% and a specificity of 79.73% (p<0.001), whereas urine cytology had a sensitivity of 66.67% and a specificity of 95.95% for TCC cases. Higher expression of UCA1 was associated with high grade (G2-G3, sensitivity=84.09%) (p<0.001). UCA1 mRNA expression did not significantly correlate with the patient's age, sex, and smoking habit (p>0.05). UCA1 can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for TCC bladder as an adjunct to cytology in the early diagnosis of primary urinary bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India,
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Srivastava AK, Singh PK, Singh D, Dalela D, Rath SK, Goel MM, Bhatt MLB. Evaluation of urinary XIAP as a diagnostic biomarker of carcinoma of urinary bladder. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8243-8. [PMID: 24852426 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of carcinoma of the bladder remains a challenge. Urine cytology, as an adjunct to cystoscopy, is less sensitive for low-grade tumors. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), a negative regulator of apoptotic stimuli and a member of apoptosis family, is frequently activated in bladder carcinoma. Our aim is to investigate the significance of urinary XIAP for the noninvasive diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder. We examined urinary XIAP expression in a bladder cancer cell line (T24) and in urine of 28 healthy individuals, 46 patients of nonmalignant disorders, and 117 cases (69 primary and 48 recurrent cases) of histologically proven TCC prior to transurethral resection, by using real-time PCR, and compared it with voided urinary cytology (VUC). XIAP expression was found in T24 cell line and also was found to be significantly higher in the cancer group as compared to the controls (p < 0.001). XIAP messenger RNA (mRNA) expression showed a significant (p < 0.05) association with stage and grade (p < 0.05). XIAP shows the sensitivity of 82.91 % and specificity of 78.38 % (p < 0.001), whereas urine cytology had sensitivity of 66.67 % and specificity of 95.95 % for TCC cases. The combination of XIAP and VUC had better sensitivity (98.2 %) and specificity (92.6 %) than they showed individually (p < 0.001). XIAP mRNA expression did not significantly correlated with the patient's age, sex, and smoking (p > 0.05). Urinary XIAP can be used as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for bladder TCC in adjunct to cytology mainly for low-grade non-muscle-invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India,
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24
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Rastogi N, Gara RK, Trivedi R, Singh A, Dixit P, Maurya R, Duggal S, Bhatt MLB, Singh S, Mishra DP. (6)-Gingerolinduced myeloid leukemia cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and activation of miR-27b expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 68:288-301. [PMID: 24378438 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The natural polyphenolic alkanone (6)-gingerol (6G) has established anti-inflammatory and antitumoral properties. However, its precise mechanism of action in myeloid leukemia cells is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of 6G on myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study showed that 6G inhibited proliferation of myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary myeloid leukemia cells while sparing the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies using U937 and K562 cell lines revealed that 6G treatment induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory complex I (MRC I), which in turn increased the expression of the oxidative stress response-associated microRNA miR-27b and DNA damage. Elevated miR-27b expression inhibited PPARγ, with subsequent inhibition of the inflammatory cytokine gene expression associated with the oncogenic NF-κB pathway, whereas the increased DNA damage led to G2/M cell cycle arrest. The 6G induced effects were abolished in the presence of anti-miR-27b or the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. In addition, the results of the in vivo xenograft experiments in mice indicated that 6G treatment inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, in agreement with the in vitro studies. Our data provide new evidence that 6G-induced myeloid leukemia cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and mediated through an increase in miR-27b expression and DNA damage. The dual induction of increased miR-27b expression and DNA damage-associated cell cycle arrest by 6G may have implications for myeloid leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Rastogi
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Rishi Kumar Gara
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Rachana Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Preety Dixit
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Shivali Duggal
- Department of Radiotherapy, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - M L B Bhatt
- Department of Radiotherapy, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Toxicology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India.
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Abstract
Metastatic tumours of the oral cavity are uncommon, they may occur in soft tissue as well as in bone in the oropharyngeal region. Owing to its rarity, metastatic tumours of the oral regions are a challenge to diagnose. We report a case of metastasis of the oral cavity, arising from uterine cervix mimicking as mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The metastatic lesions were noticed in the soft tissue of the lower buccal and gingival side of a oral cavity, in a 40-year-old woman with history of an adenosquamous carcinoma of uterine cervix treated by panhysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Ram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Asif R, Chandra K, Chopra V, Bhatt MLB. Concurrent cisplatin and radiotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 55:94-6. [PMID: 23119951 DOI: 10.1007/bf02974612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of Head and Neck Cancers poses a challenge inspite of several advances because of poor success in terms of response rate, survival and reduced morbidity of the patients. In the present study 30 untreated histologically proven cases of head and neck cancers were subjected to weekly radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin 30 mg/m(2) intravenously). This study group was compared with a group of 30 patients who were given only radiotherapy. Results have shown that combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy gives a significantly better results in tumour as well as nodal response with minimal toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Asif
- Deptt of Otorhmolaryngology, Aligarh, India
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Gupta D, Shukla P, Bisht SS, Bhatt MLB, Pant MC, Srivastava K. Deep vein and artery thrombosis associated with cetuximab-based chemoradiotherapy. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:478-80. [PMID: 21845013 PMCID: PMC3153721 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.83135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeted agents have lower hematological toxicity. However, specific side-effects such as allergic rashes, skin reactions and high cost limit their use. We report a case of 35-year-old male patient with carcinoma of left tonsil treated with concurrent cetuximab and radiotherapy. After four weeks of treatment, the patient developed sudden onset of pain in the left calf region radiating to the left foot. Doppler study of the left lower limb revealed complete thrombosis of superficial femoral, popliteal and proximal tibial arteries and veins and no flow in anterior tibial artery and lower posterior tibial artery. Emergency embolectomy was done. After 48 h of observation, no improvement was noted. A repeat Doppler examination showed similar finding. Ultimately a left lower limb amputation was done. We report simultaneous arterio-venous thrombosis associated with cetuximab-based chemoradiotherapy. Oncologists should be aware of this possible complication to undertake early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, CSMMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ram H, Sarkar J, Kumar H, Konwar R, Bhatt MLB, Mohammad S. Oral cancer: risk factors and molecular pathogenesis. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2011; 10:132-7. [PMID: 22654364 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-011-0195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers and it constitutes a major health problem particularly in developing countries. It is one of the leading causes of death. Tobacco and alcohol consumption appears to be the major determinants of oral cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature search was carried out in NCBI Pubmed database using keywords "oral cancer", "risk factor", "epidemiology" and "patho*". Some basic information was also obtained from textbook and medical university websites. RESULTS Several risk factors have been well characterized to be associated with oral cancer with substantial evidences. The development of oral cancer is a multistep process involving the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in key regulatory genes. Experimental pathological studies of oral cancer in animal models and direct molecular genetic analysis of oral cancer subjects in recent times have revealed a substantial amount of knowledge on specific gene alterations or other genetic mechanisms involved in initiation and subsequent progression. CONCLUSION Considering known risk factors, oral cancer appears to be to a certain extent, a preventable disease. Recent development of molecular picture of pathoprogression and molecular genetic tools opens the avenue for easier diagnosis, better prognostication and efficient therapeutic management.
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Saxena M, Negi MP, Singh S, Singh PK, Singh U, Bhatt MLB. DNA content can improve the detection and prognosis of carcinoma of the cervix. Biosci Trends 2010; 4:103-109. [PMID: 20592460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In all malignant diseases, several clinical and histopathological tests are established as standard methods for diagnosis. Alternative diagnostic quantitative methods are still lacking or conflicting in cancer of the cervix. Although DNA analysis was one of the earliest applications in flow cytometry and the DNA content of fresh/frozen tissue have shown good prognostic results in many diseases including cervical cancer, prognostic ability cannot be easily clarified quantitatively by biochemical values. Thus, our objective was to determine whether the addition of a DNA content study using flow cytometry improves the detection of cervix cancer. The quantification of DNA content was done by high resolution DNA flow cytometry in fresh/frozen tissues of healthy cervix (control, n = 38) and from cancer of the cervix (n = 62). Results show that the mean fraction of Total S phase, Total Aneuploid and G2-M (Diploid) are significantly higher (p < 0.01); while G0-G1 (Diploid) and G0-G1 (Aneuploid) are significantly lower (p < 0.01) in cancer patients as compared to control. Among cell cycle parameters, G0-G1 (Diploid) shows a classifying ability of 97% and at a criterion/threshold value of ? 79.88, it discriminates cases with the highest sensitivity of 96.77 (88.8-99.5; 95% CI) and specificity 100.0 (90.7-100.0; 95% CI) and with Total S phase or Aneuploid, it discriminates cases with 100% sensitivity. G0-G1 (Diploid) also showed a direct and significant correlation (r = 0.66; p < 0.01) with patient survival indicating prognostic significance. Cell cycle parameters will be very helpful in false positive results or where the clinician is unable to diagnose the stage of cervix cancer clinically or histopathologically.
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Gupta A, Bhatt MLB, Misra MK. Assessment of free radical-mediated damage in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients and after treatment with radiotherapy. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2010; 47:96-99. [PMID: 20521622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as a part of cellular metabolism can interact with biological macromolecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids and interfere with their normal functions, leading to the loss of cellular viability. ROS have been implicated in many pathophysiological conditions including cancer. In the present study, the damage caused by ROS and the effect of radiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients were assessed in the erythrocytes by analyzing the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and levels of total thiols (T-SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker for lipid peroxidation). Blood samples were collected before the start of treatment and after the completion of radiotherapy. Both SOD and CAT activities were decreased in untreated patients, but elevated in patients after treatment. The T-SH levels were also depleted in untreated HNSCC patients, but elevated non-significantly after radiation therapy (p>0.05). The levels of MDA showed a significant increase in both untreated patients and after radiation therapy when compared with normal subjects (p<0.05). Thus, the present study indicated that the free radical-mediated damage was aggravated in untreated HNSCC patients, but the levels of antioxidants returned to baseline or nearly so after the treatment with radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashita Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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31
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Saxena M, Singh S, Negi MPS, Srivastava AK, Trivedi R, Singh U, Pant MC, Bhatt MLB. Expression profiling of G2/M phase regulatory proteins in normal, premalignant and malignant uterine cervix and their correlation with survival of patients. J Cancer Res Ther 2010; 6:167-71. [PMID: 20622363 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.65242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell regulatory G2/M phase proteins are the key regulators of mitosis and have been reported with abnormal expressions in various malignancies. AIM To determine the expressions of these proteins in neoplastic uterine cervix tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study evaluates the G2/M phase regulatory protein expression of Cyclin B1, Aurora-B, Pololike kinase 1 (PLK1) and LIM kinase1 (LIMK1) in tissues of 25 normal (control), 16 dysplastic (dysplasia) and 34 neoplastic (cancer) patients of uterine cervix. The expressions of different proteins were obtained by using Western Blot technique. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS One way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, Kaplan-Meier and other tests are used for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The level of expression of LIMK1 in cervical cancer patients was found to be significantly higher (P < 0.01) than both the controls and dysplasia. The expression of Aurora B and PLK1 in cervical cancer patients was also found to be significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than controls but it did not differ with dysplasia. However, the expression of Cyclin B1 was similar among cervical cancer patients, dysplasia and controls ( P> 0.05). The expression of all the above proteins showed significant ( P < 0.01) and inverse relation with the survival of cancer patients. Among the selected candidate proteins, it was LIMK1 that showed the most positive correlation with the aggressiveness of the disease and negative correlation (r= -0.64; P < 0.01) with the survival of patients.
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Chufal K, Rastogi M, Singh S, Pant MC, Srivastava M, Bhatt MLB. Exploring new potentials and generating hypothesis for management of locally advanced head neck cancer: Analysis of pooled data from two phase II trials. J Cancer Res Ther 2010; 6:185-93. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.65239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chufal KS, Rastogi M, Srivastava M, Pant MC, Bhatt MLB, Srivastava K. Analysis of Prognostic Variables among Patients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Treated with Late Chemo-Intensification Protocol: Impact of Nodal Density and Total Tumor Volume. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2006; 36:537-46. [PMID: 16905755 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyl081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to define the prognostic impact of nodal density (ND) and total tumor volume along with many other tumor, treatment and patient related variables using the late chemo-intensification treatment regimen with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (70 Gy/7 weeks). METHODS A total of 74 patients with Stage III and IV biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were treated with this regimen. ND and total tumor volume was measured on high resolution CT scans for all the patients. Chemotherapy consisted of continuous infusion of 5 FU at 350 mg/m(2)/day and cisplatin as 1 h infusion at 10 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-5 of week 6 and 7 of radiotherapy. RESULTS Grade III mucositis was present in 48 (64.9%) patients. Overall complete response rate was 77%. At 28 months, locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), overall survival (OS) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) was 70.8%, 66.9% and 81.9%, respectively. In the final multivariate Cox-regression model tumor stage, ND, primary site and nodal stage were independent variables predicting for LRFS. Similarly AJCC group staging, ND and total treatment volume were found to have significant impact, independently over LRFS. CONCLUSIONS There is tremendous variation in terms of ND and total tumor volume within AJCC nodal staging and tumor staging, respectively. ND had significant impact over LRFS and OS. Future phase III trial may need stratification on the basis of these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundan S Chufal
- Department of Oncology, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Madhup R, Kirti S, Bhatt MLB, Srivastava PK, Srivastava M, Kumar S. Letrozole for brain and scalp metastases from breast cancer—a case report. Breast 2006; 15:440-2. [PMID: 16169225 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2005] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases from breast cancer have a poor prognosis. There have been reports of patients with breast cancer and brain metastases responding well to tamoxifen therapy. We report a very unusual case of intact breast carcinoma with brain as well as scalp metastasis responding well to letrozole (aromatase inhibitor) therapy for a prolonged period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Madhup
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow-226003, U.P., India.
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Chufal KS, Rastogi M, Srivastava M, Pant MC, Bhatt MLB. Late chemo-intensification with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil as an adjunct to radiotherapy: A pragmatic approach for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2006; 42:517-25. [PMID: 16480913 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2005] [Accepted: 10/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the feasibility of a late chemo-intensification treatment regimen with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (70 Gy/7 weeks). Seventy four patients with Stage III and IV biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were treated with this regimen. Chemotherapy consisted of continuous infusion of 5-FU at 350 mg/m(2)/day and cisplatin as 1h infusion at 10 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-5 of week 6 and 7 of radiotherapy. Grade III mucositis was present in 48 (64.9%) patients. After surgical salvage 59 (79.7%) patients had overall complete response. Locoregional control rate at 3 year was 80.8%. Three year locoregional relapse free survival (LRFS), overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) was 63.1%, 66.7% and 44.4%, respectively. The late chemo-intensification regimen was feasible in terms of response rate, toxicity and survival functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundan S Chufal
- Department of Oncology, Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre, 1, Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi, India.
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Mali HR, Bhatt MLB, Natu SM, Bhatia N. Effect of radiotherapy on serum mucoprotein level in carcinoma Larynx and Pharynx. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001; 53:14-5. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02910971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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