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Challa A, Maras JS, Nagpal S, Tripathi G, Taneja B, Kachhawa G, Sood S, Dhawan B, Acharya P, Upadhyay AD, Yadav M, Sharma R, Bajpai M, Gupta S. Multi-omics analysis identifies potential microbial and metabolite diagnostic biomarkers of bacterial vaginosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024. [PMID: 38284174 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common clinical manifestation of a perturbed vaginal ecology associated with adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes if left untreated. The existing diagnostic modalities are either cumbersome or require skilled expertise, warranting alternate tests. Application of machine-learning tools to heterogeneous and high-dimensional multi-omics datasets finds promising potential in data integration and may aid biomarker discovery. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the microbiome and metabolome-derived biomarkers in BV diagnosis. Interpretable machine-learning algorithms were used to evaluate the utility of an integrated-omics-derived classification model. METHODS Vaginal samples obtained from reproductive-age group women with (n = 40) and without BV (n = 40) were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics. The vaginal microbiome and metabolome were characterized, and machine-learning analysis was performed to build a classification model using biomarkers with the highest diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Microbiome-based diagnostic model exhibited a ROC-AUC (10-fold CV) of 0.84 ± 0.21 and accuracy of 0.79 ± 0.18, and important features were Aerococcus spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Sneathia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Prevotella spp., Gardnerella spp. and Fannyhessea vaginae. The metabolome-derived model displayed superior performance with a ROC-AUC of 0.97 ± 0.07 and an accuracy of 0.92 ± 0.08. Beta-leucine, methylimidazole acetaldehyde, dimethylethanolamine, L-arginine and beta cortol were among key predictive metabolites for BV. A predictive model combining both microbial and metabolite features exhibited a high ROC-AUC of 0.97 ± 0.07 and accuracy of 0.94 ± 0.08 with diagnostic performance only slightly superior to the metabolite-based model. CONCLUSION Application of machine-learning tools to multi-omics datasets aid biomarker discovery with high predictive performance. Metabolome-derived classification models were observed to have superior diagnostic performance in predicting BV than microbiome-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Challa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - J S Maras
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Nagpal
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Pune, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - G Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B Taneja
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - G Kachhawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sood
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A D Upadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Yadav
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh A, Anand S, Yadav D, Bajpai M. A systematic review and meta-analysis highlighting the adjunctive role of tissue sealant application in the prevention of complications following urethroplasty in children with hypospadias. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Maheshwari A, Varshney M, Gupta K, Bajpai M. Psychological assessment and lived experiences of recovered COVID-19 patients who presented for convalescent plasma donation. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 28:254-257. [PMID: 33895379 PMCID: PMC8061783 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Increasingly, it has been seen that patients recovering from COVID-19 may face a second battle of coping with its mental health ramifications. These psychological issues can even be experienced by patients who were asymptomatic or had mild to moderate symptoms, potentially impacting their quality of life. Methodology This was a prospective observational study to analyse the psychological impact of COVID-19 in recovered patients who presented as prospective convalescent plasma (CP) donors. An interview for the psychological assessment of the prospective donors was carried out. Depression and anxiety in the participants were assessed by HAM-A, and HAM-D scores and Quality of Life were assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF scale. Results A total of 51 prospective donors were assessed, with a mean age of 34.37 (±9.08) years, with the majority being males (46). No clinically significant depression and anxiety were found on the basis of HAM-D and HAM-A scores. The worst affected quality of life parameter, based on the WHOQOL-BREF scale, was physical quality of life followed by environmental, psychological, and social relationships. Moreover, due to infection, social stigma was experienced by 49.02% of the donors, while 21.97% had anxiety related to convalescent plasma donation as a common livid experience. Conclusion Poor quality of life and social stigma during the recovery phase is prevalent in COVID-19 recovered patients, for which formulation of holistic support strategies are the need of the hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maheshwari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Varshney
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K Gupta
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Bhatia R, Sindhuja T, Bhatia S, Dev T, Gupta A, Bajpai M, Gupta S. Iatrogenic dermatitis in times of COVID-19: a pandemic within a pandemic. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e563-e566. [PMID: 32495393 PMCID: PMC7300601 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhatia
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - T Sindhuja
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Bhatia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - T Dev
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Gupta
- Skin Aid Clinic, Gurugram, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Bajpai S, Jadaun M, Bajpai M, Jyotishi P, Shah FF, Tiwari S. Controlled release of Doxycycline from gum acacia/poly(sodium acrylate) microparticles for oral drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1064-1071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Ahuja S, Daheriya P, Bajpai M. A green approach to prepare Ag NPs loaded IC/PVA polymeric film for antimicrobial applications. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2017.1337470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P), India
| | - S. Ahuja
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P), India
| | - P. Daheriya
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P), India
| | - M. Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P), India
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Bajpai SK, Ahuja S, Chand N, Bajpai M. Nano cellulose dispersed chitosan film with Ag NPs/Curcumin: An in vivo study on Albino Rats for wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1012-1019. [PMID: 28666832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With an aim to develop chitosan film with controllable swelling behavior and maximum antimicrobial efficacy, we hereby report cellulose nano crystals loaded chitosan films with Curcumin/Ag nano particles embedded as strong antimicrobial agents. The CNC had average size of 40-90nm with poly dispersity index of 3.641. The TEM analysis of Ag NPs, produced via DMF reduction, revealed a particle size range of 15-25nm. The Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) of these Ag NPs shifted from 380 to 440nm, with the increase in concentration of Ag (I). The TGA of the film samples Ch/CNC, and Ch/CNC (Ag463/Cur450) exhibited% weight loss of around 95 and 80 respectively, thus indicating higher stability due to presence of Ag NPs. In XRD analysis 2θ reflections at 38.12, 44.28 and 66.46°, confirmed the presence planes (1 1), (2 0) and (2 0) respectively. In skin irritation test, the mean Erythema scores observed after 72h was zero for both the Curcumin and Ag NPs/Curcumin loaded films. The percent wound reduction, observed for the film samples Ch/CNC (Cur450) and Ch/CNC (Ag NP463/Cur450) was 57.8 and 97.2 respectively, indicating better suitability of Ag NPs/Curcumin loaded film.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P) - 482001, India.
| | - Sonam Ahuja
- Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P) - 482001, India
| | | | - M Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P) - 482001, India
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Bajpai M, Shukla P, Bajpai SK. Enhancement in the stability of alginate gels prepared with mixed solution of divalent ions using a diffusion through dialysis tube (DTDT) approach. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2017.1294452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bajpai M, Shukla P, Bajpai S. Ca(II)+Ba(II) ions crosslinked alginate gels prepared by a novel diffusion through dialysis tube (DTDT) approach and preliminary BSA release study. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Bajpai S, Jyotishi P, Bajpai M. Synthesis of nanosilver loaded chitosan/poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) based inter-polyelectrolyte complex films for antimicrobial applications. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 154:223-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Shah FF, Bajpai M. Dynamic release of gentamicin sulfate (GS) from alginate dialdehyde (AD)-crosslinked casein (CAS) films for antimicrobial applications. Des Monomers Polym 2016; 20:18-32. [PMID: 29491776 PMCID: PMC5812178 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1231037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, antibiotic drug gentamicin sulfate (GS) has been loaded into alginate dialdehyde-crosslinked casein (CAS) films for wound dressing applications. The films have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The dynamic release of model drug GS has been investigated in the physiological fluid at 37 °C. The drug release data has been interpreted in the terms of various kinetic models such as Power function model, first order model and Schott model. The release data was found to be well fitted by Schott model. The various diffusion coefficients are also evaluated. The adsorption of model therapeutic protein BSA on the film has been investigated. The maximum adsorption is found to be 5.7 mg/cm2.The films were tested for their antibacterial and anti-fungal action. Finally, the in vivo wound healing study was carried out on Albino wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur, India
| | - Farhan Ferooz Shah
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur, India
| | - M. Bajpai
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur, India
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Shah FF. Alginate dialdehyde (AD)-crosslinked casein films: synthesis, characterization and water absorption behavior. Des Monomers Polym 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1169374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Bajpai M. Disorders of sex development: The quintessence of perennial controversies-III - DSD, transgenders and the judgment by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2015; 20:60-2. [PMID: 25829667 PMCID: PMC4360455 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9261.151544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
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Bhadoo D, Bajpai M, Abid A, Sukanya G, Agarwala S, Srinivas M, Deka D, Agarwal N, Agarwal R, Kumar R. Study of prognostic significance of antenatal ultrasonography and renin angiotensin system activation in predicting disease severity in posterior urethral valves. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2015; 20:63-7. [PMID: 25829668 PMCID: PMC4360456 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9261.151546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Study on prognostic significance of antenatal ultrasonography and renin angiotensin system activation in predicting disease severity in posterior urethral valves. Materials and Methods: Antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis patients were included. Postnatally, they were divided into two groups, posterior urethral valve (PUV) and non-PUV. The studied parameters were: Gestational age at detection, surgical intervention, ultrasound findings, cord blood and follow up plasma renin activity (PRA) values, vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), renal scars, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Results: A total of 25 patients were included, 10 PUV and 15 non-PUV. All infants with PUV underwent primary valve incision. GFR was less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 body surface area in 4 patients at last follow-up. Keyhole sign, oligoamnios, absent bladder cycling, and cortical cysts were not consistent findings on antenatal ultrasound in PUV. Cord blood PRA was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in PUV compared to non-PUV patients. Gestational age at detection of hydronephrosis, cortical cysts, bladder wall thickness, and amniotic fluid index were not significantly correlated with GFR while PRA could differentiate between poor and better prognosis cases with PUV. Conclusions: Ultrasound was neither uniformly useful in diagnosing PUV antenatally, nor differentiating it from cases with non-PUV hydronephrosis. In congenital hydronephrosis, cord blood PRA was significantly higher in cases with PUV compared to non-PUV cases and fell significantly after valve ablation. Cord blood PRA could distinguish between poor and better prognosis cases with PUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhadoo
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ali Abid
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayan Sukanya
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Agarwala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Deka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nutan Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Agarwal
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Verma A, Bajpai M, Baidya DK. Lumbotomy approach for upper urinary tract surgeries in adolescents: feasibility and challenges. J Pediatr Urol 2014; 10:1122-5. [PMID: 24947345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and challenges in a lumbotomy approach for performing upper urinary tract surgeries in adolescent children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-five adolescent children underwent various upper urinary tract surgeries from 2000 to 2012. In all patients, the kidneys and ureters were approached via a lumbotomy incision. The patients' characteristics were analysed from the hospital charts. Intraoperative and postoperative details were gathered from individual case files. Data were collected regarding: age, weight, gender, diagnosis, surgical procedure, anaesthetic details, any intraoperative problems encountered, postoperative pain, time to oral feed, length of hospitalisation and any complications. RESULTS The median age at surgery was 14 years (range 10-19). There were 42 boys and 13 girls. Median weight was 41 kg (range 28-52 kg). Surgeries performed were pyeloplasty, pyelolithotomy, nephroureterectomy and heminephrectomy. Mean duration of surgery was 80 min (range 60-130 min) with no special anaesthetic requirements. No intraoperative problems were encountered. In all patients, postoperative stay was uneventful with minimal analgesic requirements and oral feeding was started the very next day. There were no incision-related complications. CONCLUSIONS A lumbotomy incision is technically easy and safe, even in adolescent children, as an approach for upper urinary-tract surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Verma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - D K Baidya
- Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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Agarwal V, Bajpai M. Preparation and Optimization of Esomeprazole Nanosuspension using Evaporative Precipitation– Ultrasonication. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh A, Bajpai M, Sharma N, Jana M. Extrahepatic biliary papillomatosis in a child. APSP J Case Rep 2013; 4:34. [PMID: 24381830 PMCID: PMC3863823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In children, benign neoplasms of extrahepatic biliary ducts are extremely rare. We report a case of 3 year old girl who presented with abdominal pain and jaundice for 6 months. The final diagnosis on histopathology was papillomatosis in lower common bile duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - M Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - N Sharma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
| | - M Jana
- Department of Radiology,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi-110029, India
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Gupta E, Bajpai M, Sharma P, Shah A, Sarin S. Unsafe injection practices: a potential weapon for the outbreak of blood borne viruses in the community. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2013; 3:177-81. [PMID: 23919185 PMCID: PMC3728858 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.113657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Unsafe injection practices are common in developing nations. Such practices, through contaminated needles and syringes, place injection recipient, healthcare workers and the community at large at risk of infection with blood borne viruses. Aim: An attempt was made to briefly describe an acute hepatitis outbreak that occurred in Gujarat, India, due to unsafe injection practices with a brief review of the literature. Subjects and Methods: An outbreak of acute hepatitis occurred in February-March 2009 in the Sabarkantha district of Gujarat in India. Blood samples were collected randomly from 25 cases, admitted in the local hospital during the ongoing outbreak. Screening was done using an immunoassay analyzer (Cobas e411; Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA) for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), IgM and total antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (HBc), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to HBe, antibodies to HCV, HIV and IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV), as per the manufacturer's protocol. Results: Gross and continuous use of contaminated needle and syringes were responsible for this outbreak as all the patients gave history of receiving injections about 2-3 months prior to the development of clinical signs and symptoms, from one particular doctor. Mean age of the patients was 33.4 years (SD 12.9 years). Seventeen of these patients were males and eight were females. All patients were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, with median levels as 35,450 IU/mL (IQR 450-2,49,750 IU/mL). IgM HBc was positive in 22/25 (88%). HBe Ag was positive in 11 patients (44%). The median HBV DNA level was 2.6 × 104 IU/mL (IQR 1.18 × 102 to 6.7 × 106 IU/mL). No significant co-infection with other hepatitis viruses existed. All isolates were genotype D. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the role of unsafe injection practices in the community outbreak of hepatitis B infection, need to start routine surveillance system and increase awareness in health care workers regarding safe injection practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gupta
- Department of Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Sector D1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, India
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Bajpai M, Singh DCP, Bhattacharya A, Singh A. Design and In Vitro Evaluation of Compression-coated Pulsatile Release Tablets of Losartan Potassium. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:101-6. [PMID: 23325989 PMCID: PMC3546325 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In majority of individuals blood pressure rises in the early morning hours, which lead to serious cardiovascular complications. Formulation of pulsatile system makes it possible to deliver drug at definite period of time when symptoms of the disease condition are most critical. The purpose of the present work was to develop pulsatile release tablet of losartan potassium for chronotherapy in hypertension. The prepared system consisted of a core tablet coated with versatile and safe hydrophilic cellulosic ethers such as, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxy methylcellulose to produce burst release after predetermined lag time. Various formulation factors were studied through series of test and in vitro dissolution study. It was found that core tablets containing superdisintegrant failed to produce burst drug release pattern while effervescent agent was able to do so. Results also reveal that coating composition and coating level affects lag time. Formulation containing effervescent agent in core and coated with 200 mg hydroxypropyl cellulose provide lag time of 4.5 h with 73% drug release in 6 h that followed a sigmoidal release pattern. These values were close to the desired objective of producing lag time of 5-6 h followed by fast drug release. This approach can thus provide a useful means for timed release of losartan and is helpful for patients with morning surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bajpai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajkumar Goel Institute of Technology, 5 km stone (opp. Jain Tubes Co. Ltd.) Ghaziabad-201 003, India
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Abstract
Widespread antenatal screening has resulted in increased detection of anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract. The present guidelines update the recommendations published in 2000. Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is transient and resolves by the third trimester in almost one-half cases. The presence of oligohydramnios and additional renal or extrarenal anomalies suggests significant pathology. All patients with ANH should undergo postnatal ultrasonography; the intensity of subsequent evaluation depends on anteroposterior diameter (APD) of the renal pelvis and/or Society for Fetal Urology (SFU) grading. Patients with postnatal APD exceeding 10 mm and/or SFU grade 3-4 should be screened for upper or lower urinary tract obstruction and vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). Infants with VUR should receive antibiotic prophylaxis through the first year of life, and their parents counseled regarding the risk of urinary tract infections. The management of patients with pelviureteric junction or vesicoureteric junction obstruction depends on clinical features and results of sequential ultrasonography and radionuclide renography. Surgery is considered in patients with increasing renal pelvic APD and/or an obstructed renogram with differential renal function <35-40% or its subsequent decline. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of prenatal intervention, frequency of follow-up investigations and indications for surgery in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sinha
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, India
| | - A. Bagga
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, India
| | - A Krishna
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, India
| | - M. Bajpai
- Max Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Srinivas
- Max Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Uppal
- Uppal Radiology Center, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I. Agarwal
- Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Gautam D. In situ Formation of Silver Nanoparticles in Regenerated Cellulose-Polyacrylic Acid (RC-PAAc) Hydrogels for Antibacterial Application. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2013.735963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Bajpai
- a Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Govt. Model Science College , Jabalpur , India
| | - M. Bajpai
- a Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Govt. Model Science College , Jabalpur , India
| | - Dinesh Gautam
- a Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , Govt. Model Science College , Jabalpur , India
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Sharma L. In Situ Formation of Silver Nanoparticles in Poly(N-Isopropyl Acrylamide) Hydrogel for Antibacterial Applications. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/138577211x577231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Bajpai
- a Department of Chemistry, Polymer Research Laboratory, Govt Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India;,
| | - M. Bajpai
- b Department of Chemistry, Polymer Research Laboratory, Govt Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India
| | - L. Sharma
- c Department of Chemistry, Polymer Research Laboratory, Govt Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.)-482001, India
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Sharma L. Inverse suspension polymerization of poly(methacrylic acid-co-partially neutralized acrylic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels: synthesis and water uptake behavior. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156855507780378285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Bajpai
- a Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.), India
| | - M. Bajpai
- b Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.), India
| | - Leena Sharma
- c Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur (M.P.), India
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Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious threat to blood safety. In recent years, there have been a number of publications delineating this threat by providing evidence of the transmissibility of this virus through transfusions. The extent of transmission and its clinical relevance are issues under debate at present. HEV usually causes a self-limiting illness which subsides in a few weeks barring a few cases where fulminant hepatic failure occurs. The virus poses a risk of higher morbidity and mortality in pregnant females, patients with pre-existing liver disease and solid organ transplant recipients. As these categories of patient often require repeated transfusions or massive transfusions, they are exposed to a greater risk of transmission of HEV. At present, there is little evidence to advocate universal screening for this virus but considering that there is no definitive treatment for HEV induced hepatitis, selective screening should be advocated in blood products for high risk recipients in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bajpai
- Department of Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Sector D1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110 070, India
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Bajpai M, Rai N, Bajpai SK. Equilibrium adsorption studies on removal of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solution using sawdust-polyaniline (SD-PAn) composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ragavan M, Gazula S, Yadav DK, Agarwala S, Srinivas M, Bajpai M, Bhatnagar V, Gupta DK. Peripherally inserted central venous lines versus central lines in surgical newborns--a comparison. Indian J Pediatr 2010; 77:171-4. [PMID: 20091380 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-009-0291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the insertion characteristics, utilization profile, life span and the complication rates of Central lines (CL) and Peripherally inserted central lines (PICL). METHODS A prospective study of all CL or PICL insertions during January 2007 to September 2007 in the Neonatal Surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care center was done. The number of attempts, procedure time, duration of catheter stay, number of dressing done, complication during insertion and maintenance and cause of removal were noted and the differences analyzed statistically using Pearson chi square / t test. P value. 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Ninety two neonates were included in the present study of whom 60 were PICL insertions and 32 CL insertions. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, weight and the use of total perental nutrition (TPN) through the catheters. On comparing the PICL and CL groups, the number of attempts for successful insertion (p=0.003), the time taken (p=0.005), the number of dressing changes required during the indwelling period (p=0.005) and the overall complication rates (p=0.002) were significantly less in the PICL group. The PICL could be maintained for longer periods of time (p= 0.005) and only in 11.5% of the patients it had to be removed before completion of therapy as compared to 37.5% early removals for CL (p=0.02) CONCLUSION PICL is a safe, effective and reliable method of providing prolonged IV access in newborns. It also has the least incidence of complications during insertion and maintenance over prolonged period of time when compared to CL and should be recommended for routine use in neonatal surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ragavan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bajpai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110 029, India. E-mail:
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Ebert EC, Panja A, Das KM, Praveen R, Geng X, Rezac C, Bajpai M. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease may have a transforming growth factor-beta-, interleukin (IL)-2- or IL-10-deficient state induced by intrinsic neutralizing antibodies. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 155:65-71. [PMID: 19076830 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are considered to be immunologically mediated disorders that share certain features with murine models of colitis. Whether any of these models are physiologically relevant to the human condition remains controversial. The hypothesis is that increased amounts of antibodies neutralizing transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-10 create a relative immunodeficient state in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predisposes to disease. To evaluate this, serum samples from patients with UC or CD and from normal healthy individuals were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Antibodies recognizing TGF-beta were most prevalent in UC (P<0.01); anti-IL-10 antibodies were elevated in CD (P<0.05), while anti-IL-2 antibodies were the same for all three groups. Importantly, the percentage of IBD patients with at least one of the antibody levels greater than any control value was 30% for UC and 33% for CD. To verify the presence of these antibodies, immobilized TGF-beta was exposed to UC sera and the attached proteins identified by Western blot assay. The proteins proved to be exclusively immunoglobulin (Ig) G. To evaluate the neutralizing activity of these antibodies, cytokine-specific IgG from subjects in each group of patients was incubated with TGF-beta, IL-2 or IL-10 before addition to a bioassay with changes in viability determined by a colorimetric analysis. Antibodies from most individuals in all three groups neutralized the action of each cytokine. This study shows that about one-third of IBD patients may have a relative deficiency of TGF-beta, IL-2 or IL-10 due to an increase in neutralizing antibodies in their sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Ebert
- Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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Bajpai M, Jain V, Gupta A. Surgical Aspects of Childhood Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2009. [DOI: 10.5005/jp/books/10992_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sharma PK, Mittal A, Bajpai M. A study of oleic acid oily base for the tropical delivery of dexamethasone microemulsion formulations. Asian J Pharm 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-8398.56299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Namdeo M, Saxena S, Tankhiwale R, Bajpai M, Mohan YM, Bajpai SK. Magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:3247-3271. [PMID: 19051873 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent past magnetic nanoparticles have been explored for a number of biomedical applications due to their superparamagnetic moment with high magnetic saturation value. For these biomedical applications, magnetic nanoparticles require being monodispersed so that the individual nanoparticle has almost identical physico-chemical properties for biodistribution, bioelimination and contrast imaging potential. Further, the surface functionalization/modification of magnetic nanoparticles ultimately facilitate the protein or DNA separation, detection and magnetic resonance imaging contrast, drug delivery and hyperthermia applications. The essential goal of this review is to evaluate the recent advances of magnetic nanoparticles for tumor, brain targeting and hyperthermia applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini Namdeo
- Polymer Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur, MP 482001, India
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Prakash O, Singh G, Singh R, Mathur S, Bajpai M, Yadav S. Protective Effect of a Herbal Formula Against Carbontetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity. INT J PHARMACOL 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2008.282.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Goyal M, Goel A, Kumar P, Bajpai M, Verma NS, Kant S, Tiwari S. Circadian rhythm of peak expiratory flow rate in healthy north Indian men. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 52:64-68. [PMID: 18831353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability follows a specific pattern in asthmatics as well as in healthy individuals. There is scarcity of data for Indian healthy subjects. The PEFR (L/min.) was measured with Wright's portable peak flow meter at 05:00, 8:00, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, 20:00 and 23:00 hours in 42 healthy, non-smoking adults of age group between 18-26 years. The variability of PEFR revealed a circadian pattern. PEFR levels tend to increase from morning at 5:00 hours till evening at 17:00 hours, with peak PEFR in evening at 17:00 hours, after which there was a progressive fall in PEFR levels, till morning 5:00 hours. This study provides the preliminary reference data of circadian pattern of PEFR in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goyal
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow--226 003
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Gupta P, Bajpai M, Bajpai SK. Development of Cotton Fabric with Antibacterial Properties: Part I: Preparation of Poly(acrylamide‐co‐itaconic acid) grafted Cotton Fabric and its Water Uptake Analysis. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320701786992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Thomas V, Namdeo M, Murali Mohan Y, Bajpai SK, Bajpai M. Review on Polymer, Hydrogel and Microgel Metal Nanocomposites: A Facile Nanotechnological Approach. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320701683470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Mohan YM, Bajpai M, Tankhiwale R, Thomas V. Synthesis of polymer stabilized silver and gold nanostructures. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2007; 7:2994-3010. [PMID: 18019128 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2007.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This review article is focused on the various approaches that have been made to synthesize metal nanoparticles with predetermined shape, size, and fair stability. Due emphasis has been given on polymer stabilized nanoparticles. In addition use of other varieties of stabilizers like inorganic salts, organic compounds, organic solvent, biological molecules, etc. have also been discussed. Finally, formation of two and three-dimensional nanostructures like nanowires, nanodiscs, nanoprisms has also been revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Bajpai
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer Research Laboratory, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur 482001, India
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Singh A, Bajpai M, Vadra J, Rajakrishnan V, Singh S. 3.218 Surgical treatment improving quality of life in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nallegowda M, Handa G, Khanna M, Bajpai M, Sachdev G, Singh U. PR_214. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.08.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Sharma L. Investigation of Water Uptake Behavior of Superabsorbent Polymers Composed of N‐Vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and Partially Neutralized Acrylic Acid. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320600814648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Saxena S, Dubey S. Quantitative Interpretation of the Deviation from ‘Zero-Order’ Kinetics for the Release of Cyanocobalamin from a Starch-Based Enzymatically Degradable Hydrogel. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320600737682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bajpai SK, Bajpai M, Sharma L. Investigation of Water Uptake Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Superporous Hydrogels. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320600575249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Posterior urethral valves are the most common cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in a male child, generally occurring as an isolated anomaly. Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum, although less common, can also cause urethral obstruction. We report a rare combination of the two anomalies in which the proximal, more severe anomaly prevented the initial expression of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence, types and the effect on outcome of associated anomalies in neonates with anorectal malformations (ARM). METHODS This retrospective study was carried out on all neonates with ARM admitted to the neonatal surgical intensive care unit (NSICU) from 1998 through 2003. RESULTS Of the 754 neonates admitted to the NSICU during the study period of 6 years, there were 124 (16.4%) neonates with anorectal malformations. Of these 110 were included in the study. 73 % were male and 27% female. 86% of these were high ARM (HARM) while only 14% were low ARM (LARM). Associated anomalies were seen in 68% of patients. The incidence was 72% for HARM and 50% for LARM. The major associated anomalies consisted of esophageal (13%), gastrointestinal (GIT) (11%), genitourinary (GUT) (32%), skeletal (26%), cardiac (33%) and miscellaneous 26%. The overall survival rate was 84% (82% for HARM and 94% for LARM). The survival among those with associated esophageal anomalies was 43%, GIT 67%, GUT 80%, cardiac 61%, skeletal 76% and miscellaneous 79% respectively. This difference in survival was significant only for those with esophageal (p=0.004) and cardiac anomalies (p=0.0026). The survival rates among those with one, two or more than two organ systems involved with associated anomalies were 88%, 82% and 58% respectively. This difference was significant only for more than two organ systems involvement (p=0.003). CONCLUSION Associated anomalies are common in neonates with ARM, the incidence being similar for HARM and LARM. The survival depends upon the number and severity of associated anomalies both in patients with LARM and HARM. Neonates with more number of organ systems involved have a poorer survival specially when associated with esophageal and cardiac anomalies. All neonates with ARM merit a meticulous search for associated anomalies so that the management can be tailored for each baby.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Bajpai M, Dinda AK, Singal AK. Blockade of Rennin-Angiotensin system blunts the fibrotic response in experimental acute pyelonephritis. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-9261.16070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To comprehensively analyse the results of upper urological tract surgery performed using a lumbotomy approach in the paediatric age group. METHODS 68 consecutive patients underwent upper urological tract surgery during the last 5 years in our surgical unit. In all of these patients, a lumbotomy approach was used with a transverse skin incision. The hospital charts were reviewed for age, sex, diagnosis, type of surgery, intra-operative problems, duration of surgery, time to oral feeds, postoperative pain, length of hospitalisation and complications. RESULTS Age range was 1 month to 12 years with a mean of 66 months. There were 47 boys and 16 girls. Surgeries performed were: pyeloplasty, pyelolithotomy, nephroureterectomy, ureterostomy and heminephrectomy. No intraoperative problems were encountered and the mean duration of surgery was 64.68 minutes. All patients resumed full oral feeds within 24 hours of surgery and postoperative pain was minimal. The mean duration of hospital stay was 6.16 days. No incision-related complications were seen. CONCLUSIONS Lumbotomy incision is a safe, easy and effective approach for upper urological tract surgery in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bajpai
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Fichorova RN, Bajpai M, Chandra N, Hsiu JG, Spangler M, Ratnam V, Doncel GF. Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8 predict mucosal toxicity of vaginal microbicidal contraceptives. Biol Reprod 2004; 71:761-9. [PMID: 15128598 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.104.029603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the female reproductive tract increases susceptibility to HIV-1 and other viral infections and, thus, it becomes a serious liability for vaginal products. Excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines may alter the mucosal balance between tissue destruction and repair and be linked to enhanced penetration and replication of viral pathogens upon chemical insult. The present study evaluates four surface-active microbicide candidates, nonoxynol-9 (N-9), benzalkonium chloride (BZK), sodium dodecyl sulfate, and sodium monolaurate for their activity against human sperm and HIV, and their capacity to induce an inflammatory response on human vaginal epithelial cells and by the rabbit vaginal mucosa. Spermicidal and virucidal evaluations ranked N-9 as the most potent compound but were unable to predict the impact of the compounds on vaginal cell viability. Interleukin (IL)-1 release in vitro reflected their cytotoxicity profiles more accurately. Furthermore, IL-1 concentrations in vaginal washings correlated with cumulative mucosal irritation scores after single and multiple applications (P < 0.01), showing BZK as the most damaging agent for the vaginal mucosa. BZK induced rapid cell death, IL-1 release, and IL-6 secretion. The other compounds required either more prolonged or repeated contact with the vaginal epithelium to induce a significant inflammatory reaction. Increased IL-8 levels after multiple applications in vivo identified compounds with the highest cumulative mucosal toxicity (P < 0.01). In conclusion, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 in the vaginal secretions are sensitive indicators of compound-induced mucosal toxicity. The described evaluation system is a valuable tool in identifying novel vaginal contraceptive microbicides, selecting out candidates that may enhance, rather than decrease, HIV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Fichorova
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Chandrasekharam VVSS, Srinivas M, Das SN, Jha P, Bajpai M, Chaki SP, Misro MM. Prepubertal human chorionic gonadotropin injection affects postpubertal germ cell maturation and androgen production in rat testis. Urology 2003; 62:571-4. [PMID: 12946779 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(03)00408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of varying doses of prepubertal human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on postpubertal germ cell status and androgen status in rats. The long-term effects of prepubertal hCG administration on postpubertal testicular function are still debated. METHODS Forty male prepubertal Wistar rats, aged 20 days, were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 served as the controls. Each rat in groups 2, 3, and 4 received subcutaneous hCG injections of 5 IU, 10 IU, and 50 IU, respectively, on days 20 and 30 of life. Serum testosterone levels were estimated on days 33 and 70. On day 70, the left testis of each rat was harvested for DNA flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS The testosterone levels on day 33 progressively increased from groups 1 through 4, and the difference between any two groups was statistically significant. In contrast, the testosterone levels on day 70 were greatest in group 1 and progressively decreased in groups 2 through 4, with the lowest value in group 4. On day 70, only group 4 rats had a significantly reduced haploid cell population compared with all other groups. CONCLUSIONS Prepubertal hCG administration adversely affects testosterone levels, and a high dose of hCG has adverse effects on the germ cell haploid cell population. A critical reevaluation of the use of hCG is required in prepubertal boys, especially with respect to the dosage.
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