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Kant S, Zhao Y, Kesarwani P, Chinnaiyan P. Exploiting Enhanced Lipid Metabolism in Glioblastoma through Diet Modification. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e113-e114. [PMID: 37784654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Enhanced lipid metabolism has emerged as a central metabolic node in glioblastoma, serving as a 'gain of function' that allows these cells to efficiently adapt to their dynamic tumor microenvironment. Seemingly contradictory to this, pre-clinical studies have demonstrated anti-tumor activity in mice fed a high-fat/low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD), both alone and in combination with radiation therapy (RT). In this study, we sought to identify mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of a KD in glioblastoma from a metabolic perspective to better understand factors contributing to this apparent disconnect. MATERIALS/METHODS Immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice were injected orthotopically with human and mouse-derived glioblastoma cell lines and randomized to four treatment arms. Mice were fed ad libitum a standard diet (SD), KD (Bio-Serve), or a modified unsaturated fatty acid (uFA) rich diet (MD; 60/30/10: fat/protein/carb) alone or in combination with hypofractionated RT (6 Gy x 3). Global metabolomic profiling of tumors and serum were carried out using LC/GC-MS. Lipid droplets were analyzed by flow cytometer and confocal microscopy using BODIPY staining and free fatty acids were measured using a commercially available kit. RESULTS A KD demonstrated independent anti-tumor activity and potent synergy with RT in two aggressive glioblastoma models. Metabolomic profiling of tumors revealed significant changes in tumor metabolism in KD-fed mice when compared to SD, with an accumulation of uFAs being a key finding. We therefore sought to determine if this accumulation of fatty acids in KD mice contributed towards the observed anti-tumor activity. Consistent with in vivo results, in vitro studies using the uFA linoleic acid demonstrated anti-proliferative activity, reduced clonogenic capacity, and potent synergy when combined with RT in glioblastoma cells. Through a series of investigations, we went on to determine that this anti-tumor activity was attributed to the ability of uFA to override lipid storage homeostasis in glioblastoma cells, resulting in lipotoxicity. Based on these findings, we hypothesized high fat concentrations, rather than carbohydrate restriction, contributed to the anti-tumor activity of a KD. To test this, we generated a MD rich in uFA that did not require carbohydrate restriction. Similar to a KD, mice fed a MD demonstrated both independent anti-tumor activity and potent synergy when combined with RT. CONCLUSION High concentrations of uFA represents a key factor underlying the anti-tumor activity of a KD in glioblastoma by targeting lipid homeostasis. A MD consisting of high concentrations of uFA without carbohydrate restriction demonstrates promising anti-tumor activity in glioblastoma models. As a major limitation of a KD is tolerability, particularly in glioblastoma patients, a MD represents a promising form of dietary modification that may be translated clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kant
- Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - Y Zhao
- Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - P Kesarwani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | - P Chinnaiyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI
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Sharma M, Suri NM, Kant S. Analyzing occupational heat stress using sensor-based monitoring: a wearable approach with environmental ergonomics perspective. Int J Environ Sci Technol (Tehran) 2022; 19:11421-11434. [PMID: 35106066 PMCID: PMC8794599 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-021-03862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Occupational heat stress could impose a greater risk of heat-related morbidities among the exposed users, declining their work productivity and contributing to a financial burden. This necessitate the implementation of adequate preventive measures and control policies to improve the users' well-being and productive capacity. The emergence of modernistic sensors gives rise to workplace heat stress monitoring at a substantially lower cost than expensive conventional equipment. Present work unveils the productive role of sensor-based safety helmet, which could monitor the environmental variables, heat stress indices, and users' physiological variables as an indicator of heat strain. The proposed safety helmet was tested under three different work environments with users' engaged in specific work activities. Notable variations were perceived among the measured data under respective work conditions and physical activity performed. Higher heat risk exposures were attributable to the outdoor condition compared to indoor work conditions. For wet bulb globe temperature index, strong association (p-value < 0.01) was observed with fighter index of thermal stress (R 2-value = 0.959) followed by discomfort index (R 2-value = 0.899) and heat index (R 2-value = 0.867). Results revealed a rise in measured physiological parameters under the heavy workload activity (shoveling task; outdoor location) followed by hacksaw cutting task (indoor location), while least values were associated with light workload activity (drilling task; indoor location). The proposed design intervention could be considered an effective site-specific solution for monitoring heat stress exposures and keeping exposed users well aware of the prevalent thermal work conditions at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Sharma
- Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - N. M. Suri
- Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - S. Kant
- Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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Lin-Martore M, Kant S, O'Brien B. 155 Procedural Skill Maintenance: Perspectives and Motivations of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Faculty. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sahu A, Swaroop S, Kant S, Banerjee M. Signatures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma: a comparative genetic analysis. Br J Biomed Sci 2021; 78:177-183. [PMID: 33740392 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2021.1905988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are obstructive lung diseases which progress in severity with time. Environmental causes and genetic makeup of individuals play important roles in disease manifestation. The aim of present study was to search for diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers to differentiate COPD and asthma.Materials and methods: Seven ADAM33 and two AQP5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The association of genotypes, haplotypes and allelic combination of variants in different genes was analyzed in 194 COPD, 150 asthma patients and 220 controls.Results: The genotype frequencies of SNPs V4(C/G), T1(T/C), S2(G/C) of ADAM33 and AQP5 A/G (rs3736309) were associated with COPD and asthma (P=0.038 to P<0.001), while S1(A/G) and F+1(C/T) were associated with asthma (both P<0.001) and V1(G/T) with 20 COPD (P<0.001). The allele frequencies of V4(C/G) (both P<0.001), V1(G/T) (both P<0.05), S2(G/C) (both P<0.01) and S1(A/G) (both P<0.05) were associated with COPD and asthma, while F+1(C/T) was associated only with asthma (P=0.005). Haplotypes of ADAM33 'GGTGGGT' (P=0.027), 'CGTCGGC' (P<0.001) and AQP5 'GA' and 'AG' (both P<0.001) were significant only in COPD.Conclusion: ADAM33 F+1(C/T) variant and allele combination 'GGTGGGTGA' may be specific markers for asthma, while AQP5 'AG' appeared as a haplotype associated only with COPD. These specific genetic biomarkers may be exploited to predict individual predisposition to COPD and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahu
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - S Swaroop
- Experimental and Public Health Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - S Kant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - M Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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Jindal SK, Aggarwal AN, Jindal A, Talwar D, Dhar R, Singh N, Singh V, Krishnaswamy UM, Chetambath R, Nath A, Bhattacharya P, Chaudhary D, Gupta PR, Gupta ML, Koul P, Swarankar R, Kant S, Ghoshal A. COPD exacerbation rates are higher in non-smoker patients in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:1272-1278. [PMID: 33317671 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is common among non-smokers exposed to solid fuel combustion at home. Different clinical characteristics in these patients may have significant therapeutic and prognostic implications.METHODS: We used medical record review and a questionnaire among COPD patients at 15 centres across India to capture data on demographic details, different types of exposures and clinical characteristics. Chest radiography and pulmonary function testing were performed in all 1984 cases; C-reactive protein and exhaled breath nitric oxide were measured wherever available.RESULTS: There were 1388 current or ex-smokers and 596 (30.0%) non-smokers who included 259 (43.5%) male and 337 (56.5%) female patients. Sputum production was significantly more common in smokers with COPD (P < 0.05). The frequency of acute symptomatic worsening, emergency visits and hospitalisation were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in non-smokers with COPD; however, intensive care unit admissions were similar in the two groups. There was no significant difference with respect to the use of bronchodilators, inhalational steroids or home nebulisation among smoker and non-smoker patients. The mean predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 sec in smokers (43.1%) was significantly lower than in non-smokers (46.5%).CONCLUSION: Non-smoker COPD, more commonly observed in women exposed to biomass fuels, was characterised by higher rate of exacerbations and higher healthcare resource utilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A N Aggarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh
| | | | - D Talwar
- Metro Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Metro Hospitals, Noida
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Nath
- Pulmonary Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
| | | | - D Chaudhary
- Pt BDS Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak
| | - P R Gupta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NIMS University, Jaipur
| | - M L Gupta
- Santokba Dabhji Memorial Hospital, Jaipur
| | - P Koul
- Shere Kashmir Medical RI, Srinagar
| | - R Swarankar
- Getwell Hospital & Research Institute, Nagpur
| | - S Kant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow
| | - A Ghoshal
- National Asthma & Allergy Centre, Kolkata, India
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Almahariq M, Quinn T, Kesarwani P, Kant S, Miller C, Chinnaiyan P. Inhibition of Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor Enhances the Efficacy of Radiotherapy and Reduces Immune Suppression in Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Quinn T, Kesarwani P, Kant S, Prabhu A, Chinnaiyan P. Characterization of GBM Immunophenotype in Murine Heterotopic and Orthotopic Models, Implications for Novel Treatment Modalities. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Misra P, Singh AK, Archana S, Lohiya A, Kant S. Relationship between body mass index and percentage of body fat, estimated by bio-electrical impedance among adult females in a rural community of North India: A cross-sectional study. J Postgrad Med 2019; 65:134-140. [PMID: 31169130 PMCID: PMC6659436 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_218_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Body adiposity measured by percentage of body fat (BF%) is found to be better predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than body mass index (BMI). Limited information exists showing relationship between BMI and BF% in North Indian population. Objectives: To study the relationship between BMI and BF% among North Indian adult females across various age strata and level of BMI. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Ballabgarh Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) among randomly selected females. BMI using standard techniques and BF% using bioelectrical impedance analysis was estimated. Linear regression was performed using general linear model with BF% as dependent variable and BMI as main independent variable. Results: Mean (±2 SD) age of participants was 41.3 ± 15.7 years. Mean BMI (±SD) was 23.3 (±4.6) kg/m2, whereas mean fat mass (±2 SD) and BF% (±95% CI) was 19.2 (±7.9) kg and 33.6 (±6.9) %. BMI and BF% were highly correlated among obese (r = 0.77), whereas least correlated (r = 0.32) in underweight females. Across age strata, correlation between BMI and BF% was maximum in 18–35 years age group (r = 0.95), whereas least in females ≥56 years (r = 0.67). Age and BMI together predicted 73% of variability in BF% in hierarchical linear regression model. Conclusions: In this population, we have found strong correlation between BMI and BF% particularly at higher level of BMI and in younger females. There is need to conduct more robust prospective longitudinal studies to assess BF%, which is a better predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Misra
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Singh
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Archana
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Lohiya
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Patel H, Kant S, Chow R. A rare presentation of angioedema with isolated retropharyngeal and supraglottic involvement. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2019; 9:36-39. [PMID: 30788074 PMCID: PMC6374935 DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2018.1562855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are commonly prescribed drugs with multiple indications including congestive heart failure, hypertension, and diabetic nephropathy. ACE inhibitor induced angioedema is commonly seen across emergency departments and clinics, with transient swelling of lips, tongue, and other facial structures being the common presentation. Isolated airway obstruction as a result of pharyngeal and laryngeal swelling without facial swelling is a rare presentation. We present a case of a patient on lisinopril therapy for one year who experienced severe airway compromise without the classic symptoms of ACE inhibitor induced angioedema. He required emergent cricothyroidotomy to secure his airway, as fiberoptic laryngoscopy showed 90% obstruction and inability to visualize true vocal cords. His ACE inhibitor therapy was discontinued, and he was discharged home within a few days with no residual symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Patel
- Department of Medicine, American University of Antigua, New York, USA
| | - S Kant
- Department of Nephrology/Internal Medicine, University of Maryland, Maryland, USA
| | - R Chow
- Department of Nephrology/Internal Medicine, University of Maryland, Maryland, USA
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10
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Janßen S, Gach S, Neuss-Stein S, Rütten S, Kant S, Lauria I, Olschok S, Reisgen U, Fischer H. Session 1: Young scientist forum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:1-18. [PMID: 30753151 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2019-7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Janßen
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research,Aachen, Germany
| | - S Gach
- RWTH Aachen, Welding and Joining Institute,Aachen, Germany
| | - S Neuss-Stein
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Institute of Pathology,Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Group,Aachen, Germany
| | - S Rütten
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Institute of Pathology,Aachen, Germany
| | - S Kant
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Molecular and Cellular Anatomy,Aachen, Germany
| | - I Lauria
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research,Aachen, Germany
| | - S Olschok
- RWTH Aachen, Welding and Joining Institute,Aachen, Germany
| | - U Reisgen
- RWTH Aachen, Welding and Joining Institute,Aachen, Germany
| | - H Fischer
- RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research,Aachen, Germany
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Kesarwani P, Prabhu A, Kant S, Kumar P, Graham S, Buelow K, Wilson G, Chinnaiyan P. Tryptophan Metabolism Contributes to Radiation-Induced Immune Checkpoint Reactivation in Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) has the propensity to acquire a devastating disease course. Despite the advances in therapeutics, a significant proportion of patients progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal transplantation is being increasingly employed in this population, with gradual improvement in outcomes over the years, however, recurrence of disease requires constant surveillance and is associated with graft failure. Areas covered: A structured literature search in PubMed and Medline and abstracts of international conferences was performed to identify cases and cohorts of AAV patients who had undergone renal transplantation for ESRD. The primary objective was to describe the long-term allograft and patient survival and to reflect on current trends in transplantation in AAV and provide recommendations for the phases of pre- and post-transplantation. Expert commentary: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for AAV patients with ESRD. The risk of relapse is low with modern immunosuppressive regimes employing mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus. It is recommended that the vasculitis be in clinical remission for 12 months prior to transplantation. Although ANCA positivity is not a contraindication for renal transplantation, these patients should be monitored closely for vasculitis relapse post-transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Geetha
- a Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - S Kant
- b Department of Medicine , University of Maryland Medical Center , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Hayes BJ, Panozzo J, Walker CK, Choy AL, Kant S, Wong D, Tibbits J, Daetwyler HD, Rochfort S, Hayden MJ, Spangenberg GC. Accelerating wheat breeding for end-use quality with multi-trait genomic predictions incorporating near infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance-derived phenotypes. Theor Appl Genet 2017; 130:2505-2519. [PMID: 28840266 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2972-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Using NIR and NMR predictions of quality traits overcomes a major barrier for the application of genomic selection to accelerate improvement in grain end-use quality traits of wheat. Grain end-use quality traits are among the most important in wheat breeding. These traits are difficult to breed for, as their assays require flour quantities only obtainable late in the breeding cycle, and are expensive. These traits are therefore an ideal target for genomic selection. However, large reference populations are required for accurate genomic predictions, which are challenging to assemble for these traits for the same reasons they are challenging to breed for. Here, we use predictions of end-use quality derived from near infrared (NIR) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), that require very small amounts of flour, as well as end-use quality measured by industry standard assay in a subset of accessions, in a multi-trait approach for genomic prediction. The NIR and NMR predictions were derived for 19 end-use quality traits in 398 accessions, and were then assayed in 2420 diverse wheat accessions. The accessions were grown out in multiple locations and multiple years, and were genotyped for 51208 SNP. Incorporating NIR and NMR phenotypes in the multi-trait approach increased the accuracy of genomic prediction for most quality traits. The accuracy ranged from 0 to 0.47 before the addition of the NIR/NMR data, while after these data were added, it ranged from 0 to 0.69. Genomic predictions were reasonably robust across locations and years for most traits. Using NIR and NMR predictions of quality traits overcomes a major barrier for the application of genomic selection for grain end-use quality traits in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Hayes
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - J Panozzo
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, PB 260, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia
| | - C K Walker
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, PB 260, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia
| | - A L Choy
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, PB 260, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia
| | - S Kant
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, PB 260, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia
| | - D Wong
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - J Tibbits
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - H D Daetwyler
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - S Rochfort
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - M J Hayden
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - G C Spangenberg
- Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
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Kesarwani P, Kumar P, Kant S, Prabhu A, Wilson G, Graham S, Chinnaiyan P. GDC-0919 Modulates Tryptophan Metabolism in Glioblastoma and Enhances Radiation Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Kumar R, Garg R, Kant S, Verma SK, Kushwaha RAS, Kumar S, Jain A. High correlation of clinical criteria in the diagnosis of drug-resistant TB and prevalence of ofloxacin resistance. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 20:1354-1357. [PMID: 27725047 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the drug resistance profile of patients with suspected multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective study conducted among patients with suspected MDR-TB attending the Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India, from August 2014 to April 2015. Sputum samples obtained from 50 such patients were subjected to drug susceptibility testing against first- and second-line drugs. Data on baseline characteristics were obtained from the patients and their previous medical records. RESULTS Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 47/50 (94%) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in 3/50 (6%). Of the 47 patients with M. tuberculosis, 36 (76.6%) had MDR-TB: 24 (66.7%) of these had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and 4 (11.1%) had XDR-TB. CONCLUSIONS Among proven MDR-TB cases, approximately two thirds were pre-XDR-TB cases and more than 10% were XDR-TB cases. These form a sizeable proportion and may result in the failure of second-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R Garg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Kant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S K Verma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R A S Kushwaha
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - A Jain
- Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Maurya A, Nag V, Kant S, Kushwaha R, Kumar M, Singh A, Dhole T. Trend of multidrug resistance extra pulmonary tuberculosis cases presenting to a teriary care hospitals in Northern part of India. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Rizwan SA, Kant S, Goswami K, Rai SK, Misra P. Influence of alcohol on condom use pattern during non-spousal sexual encounter in male migrant workers in north India. J Postgrad Med 2016; 60:276-81. [PMID: 25121367 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.138752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Migrant workers constitute an important risk group for Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome transmission in India. Alcohol consumption before sexual intercourse has been postulated to influence condom use practices. This study aimed to assess this association with regard to non-spousal sexual encounters among male migrant workers in northern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional facility-based survey was conducted in 2011. Male migrant workers aged ≥18 years, who were born outside Haryana, who had moved to the current location after 15 years of age,had worked in the current factory for at least 1 year, who were willing to participate and were able to give written, informed consent were included in the study. A consecutive sampling was performed. Descriptive, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out. RESULTS A total of 162 participants reported having experienced non-spousal sexual encounters in the last 1 year. The proportion of men who reported not having used a condom at their last non-spousal sexual encounter was 59.3%, and 78.4% of the men reported having consumed alcohol in the last 1 year. About 48.1% of men reported having consumed alcohol before their last non-spousal sexual encounter. Men who consumed alcohol were three times more likely to not use a condom at their last non-spousal sexual encounter (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5-6.4). This association persisted even after adjusting for relevant confounders. CONCLUSION Alcohol consumption had a negative influence on condom use during non-spousal sexual encounter among male migrant workers. An integrated approach to promote condom use and reduce alcohol consumption among migrant men needs to be undertaken through targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Yadav K, Srivastava R, Gupta AS, Misra P, Pandav CS, Kant S. Role of Community based Health Care Programs in Mitigating Association of Social Class and Demographic and Health Inequity: Evidence from a Rural Community of North India. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kant S, Yadav K, Srivastava R, Misra P, Pandav CS. Incidence of Low Birth Weight and High Risk of Mortality amongst LBW Children in Ballabgarh HDSS. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Misra P, Srivastava R, Kant S, Salve H, Anand K. Community based Study on Drug Adherence among Diabetic Patients in a Rural Area of North India. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Misra P, Kant S, Salve H, Anand K, Srivastava R. Prevalence of Adherence to Treatment of Hypertension and Its Determinants in Rural Haryana, North India. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Shukla RK, Tilak AR, Kumar C, Kant S, Kumar A, Mittal B, Bhattacharya S. Associations of CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms with lung cancer susceptibility in a Northern Indian population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:3345-9. [PMID: 23803127 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.5.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility to lung cancer has been shown to be modulated by inheritance of polymorphic genes encoding cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1), which are involved in the bioactivation and detoxification of environmental toxins. This might be a factor in the variation in lung cancer incidence with ethnicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study of 218 northern Indian lung cancer patients along with 238 healthy controls, to assess any association between CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms, either separately or in combination, with the likelihood of development of Lung cancer in our population. RESULTS We observed a significant difference in the GSTT1 null deletion frequency in this population when compared with other populations (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.25-2.80-0.73, P=0.002). However, GSTM1 null genotype was found associated with lung cancer in the non-smoking subgroup. (P=0.170). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the GSTT1 null polymorphism to be associated with smoking-induced lung cancer and the GSTM1 null polymorphism to have a link with non-smoking related lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Shukla
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Rizwan SA, Kant S, Goswami K, Rai SK, Misra P. Authors' reply. J Postgrad Med 2014; 60:416-417. [PMID: 25528788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
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Maurya AK, Singh AK, Kant S, Umrao J, Kumar M, Kushwaha RAS, Nag VL, Dhole TN. Use of GenoType® MTBDRplus assay to assess drug resistance and mutation patterns of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates in northern India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 31:230-6. [PMID: 23883707 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major public health problem. The diagnosis of MDR-TB is of paramount importance in establishing appropriate clinical management and infection control measures. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug resistance and mutational patterns in clinical isolates MDR-TB by GenoType® MTBDRplus assay. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 350 non-repeated sputum specimens were collected from highly suspected drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases; which were processed by microscopy, culture, differentiation and first line drug susceptibility testing (DST) using BacT/ALERT 3D system. RESULTS Among a total of 125 mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, readable results were obtained from 120 (96%) strains by GenoType® MTBDRplus assay. Only 45 MDR-TB isolates were analysed for the performance, frequency and mutational patterns by GenoType® MTBDRplus assay. The sensitivity of the GenoType® MDRTBplus assay for detecting individual resistance to rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and multidrug resistance was found to be 95.8%, 96.3% and 97.7%, respectively. Mutation in codon S531L of the rpoB gene and codon S315T1 of katG genes were dominated in MDR-TB strains, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The GenoType® MTBDRplus assay is highly sensitive with short turnaround times and a rapid test for the detection of the most common mutations conferring resistance in MDR-TB strains that can readily be included in a routine laboratory workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Maurya
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dixit S, Dubey A, Kant S, Tiwari S. A study on a gender based comparative association between dietary intake and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dubey A, Dixit S, Kant S, Tiwari S. A study on association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and epworth sleepiness score (ESS), physical and mental components related with quality of life (QOL). Sleep Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rashmikant US, Chand P, Singh SV, Singh RD, Arya D, Kant S, Agarwal SP. Cephalometric evaluation of mandibular advancement at different horizontal jaw positions in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: a pilot study. Aust Dent J 2013; 58:293-300. [PMID: 23981209 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of the mandibular advancement device (MAD) at 50% (P2) and 75% (P3) of maximum mandibular advancement, relative to maximum intercuspation (P1) subjectively and objectively. METHODS Eighteen subjects previously diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) were selected for the study. ESS score, VAS score, soft palate angle, MP-H distance, S-H distance, a C4 -H distance, a Pu -p Pu distance and total pharyngeal area were calculated at P1, P2 and P3 positions with the help of an adjustable MAD. The results were statistically analysed. RESULTS ESS score, VAS score, soft palate angle, MP-H distance, S-H distance and radius of curvature of airway at P2 and P3 were significantly lower compared to P1, but there was no significant difference between P2 and P3. CONCLUSIONS The MAD produced significant improvement in objective signs and subjective symptoms at both 50% and 75% of the maximum mandibular protrusion positions at comparable comfort levels. Therefore, MAD may be given at 50% of maximum advancement in order to reduce dental or temporomandibular joint disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- U S Rashmikant
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University (UP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Maurya AK, Singh AK, Kumar M, Umrao J, Kant S, Nag VL, Kushwaha RAS, Dhole TN. Changing patterns and trends of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at referral centre in Northern India: A 4-year experience. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013; 31:40-6. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dhole TN, Singh AK, Maurya AK, Umrao J, Nag VL, Kant S, Kushwaha RAS. Rapid detection of drug resistance and mutational patterns of extensively drug-resistant strains by a novel GenoType®MTBDRsl assay. J Postgrad Med 2013; 59:179-85. [DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.118034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Maurya AK, Kant S, Nag VL, Kushwaha R, Dhole TN. Detection of 123 bp fragment of insertion element IS6110 Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012; 30:182-6. [PMID: 22664434 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.96688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is emerging problem in developing and developed countries. The diagnosis of EPTB in its different clinical presentations remains a true challenge. IS6110-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used for rapid identification and positivity rate of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in clinical isolates of different sites of EPTB. The present study was carried out to study the prevalence of M. tuberculosis complex in clinical isolates of EPTB at tertiary care centres in Lucknow. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven hundred fifty-six specimens were collected from the suspected cases of EPTB which were processed for Mycobacteria by Ziehl Neelson (ZN) staining and BACTEC culture. All the specimens were also processed for IS6110-based PCR amplification with primers targeting 123 bp fragment of insertion element IS6110 of the M. tuberculosis complex. RESULTS Of these 756 specimens, 71(9.3%) were positive for acid fast bacilli (AFB) by ZN staining, 227(30.1%) were positive for mycobacteria by BACTEC culture and IS6110 PCR were positive for M. tuberculosis complex in 165 (20.7%) isolates. We found a significant difference in sensitivities of different tests (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the positivity of M. tuberculosis complex in clinical isolates of EPTB case in tertiary care hospitals in Northern India. 72.7% of M. tuberculosis complex was confirmed by IS6110-PCR in culture isolates from different sites of EPTB. The high prevalence of the M. tuberculosis complex was seen in lymph node aspirate and synovial fluid. However, utility of PCR may play a potentially significant role in strengthening the diagnosis of EPTB especially targeting IS6110.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Maurya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow 226 003, (Erstwhile King George Medical College), India
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Prasad R, Verma SK, Garg R, Jain A, Anand SC, Hosmane GB, Verma RK, Kushwaha NS, Kant S. Drug susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients of category-II failure of pulmonary tuberculosis under directly observed treatment short-course from north India. Biosci Trends 2012; 6:110-4. [PMID: 22890158 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2012.v6.3.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The major contributing factors for the causation of treatment failure in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis under Category-II directly observed treatment short-course treatment (DOTS) are treatment after default, poor treatment compliance, and development of multi-drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. The objective of the present study is to find out the demographic profile and drug susceptibility pattern in Category-II failure patients of pulmonary tuberculosis under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) of India. Two hundred and twenty four patients with Category-II treatment failure of pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled from Department of Pulmonary Medicine, at Chatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India, from August 2003 to July 2008. Their complete bacteriological assessment in terms of sputum smear for acid-fast bacilli, culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug sensitivity pattern were done in the Department of Microbiology. Among 224 patients, 16 (7.1%) patients were lost to follow-up and the final analysis was done among 208 (92.8%) cases. The reasons for inclusion of these 224 cases in the Category II regimen were treatment failure in the previous regimen (n = 75, 33%), default in 57% (n = 129 cases), and relapse in 8.9% (n = 20 cases). Among 208 patients, culture was positive in 170 (81.7%) cases, negative in 17 (8.1%) cases and contaminated in 21 (10%) cases. The drug sensitivity pattern of culture positive cases of Category-II failure patients revealed that, 58.2% (n = 99) had MDR tuberculosis and 40.5% (n = 69) were resistant but were non-MDR tuberculosis and 1.1 % (n = 2) cases were sensitive to all first line antituberculosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Prasad
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University (Earlier KGMU), UP, Lucknow, India
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Maurya A, Kant S, Singh A, Nag V, Kushwaha R, Kumar M, Umaro J, Dhole T. Frequency and mutational patterns of multidrug resistance tuberculosis by MTBDRplus assay in Northern India. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Kant S, Nag VL, Kushwaha RAS, Dhole TN, Maurya AK. Trends of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance pattern in new cases and previously treated cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in referral hospitals in northern India. J Postgrad Med 2012; 58:185-9. [DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Poddar K, Kant S, Singh A, Singh TB. An epidemiological study of dementia among the habitants of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2011; 14:164-8. [PMID: 22028526 PMCID: PMC3200036 DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.85874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is one of the most serious health problems of the elderly and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Poddar
- Neurology Centre, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Silan V, Kant S, Goswami K, Rai S, Misra P. P2-475 HIV risk behaviour and prevalence of self reported sexually transmitted diseases among men who have sex with men, registered with selected non-governmental organisations in Delhi, India. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976m.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kesavan K, Balasubramaniam J, Kant S, N. Singh P, K. Pandit J. Newer Approaches for Optimal Bioavailability of Ocularly Delivered Drugs: Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2011; 8:172-93. [DOI: 10.2174/156720111794479925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nagarwal RC, Singh PN, Kant S, Maiti P, Pandit JK. Chitosan Coated PLA Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Delivery: Characterization, In-Vitro and In-Vivo Study in Rabbit Eye. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2010; 6:648-57. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2010.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shukla R, Kant S, Mittal B, Bhattacharya S. Polymorphism of Cytochrome p450, Glutathione-S-Transferase and -acetyltransferases: Influence on Lung Cancer Susceptibility. Nig J Med 2010; 19:257-63. [DOI: 10.4314/njm.v19i3.60174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Maurya AK, Nag V, Kant S, Kushwaha R, Kumar M, Dhole T. OL-052 Assessment of new immunochromatographic assay (ICA) by mouse monoclonal anti-MPT64 for simple, rapid and easy discrimination between Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria in clinical isolates in Northern India. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(10)60065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Gupta B, Kant S, Mishra R. Subjective global assessment of nutritional status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients on admission. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14:500-505. [PMID: 20202310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with malnutrition is important to prevent associated mortality due to poor pulmonary function. There is currently no consensus regarding the application of the subjective global assessment (SGA) tool in Indian patients. OBJECTIVE To assess nutritional status using the SGA method in Indian COPD patients. METHODS A total of 106 hospitalised patients with COPD were included (mean age 55.58 +/- 7.82, male/female = 92/14). Pulmonary function tests, anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were conducted in all subjects. The association of SGA scores (A, B or C) and body mass index (BMI) groups with other biochemical parameters were tested for statistical significance. RESULTS Of the 106 patients, 83% were malnourished (BMI < 20 kg/m(2)). According to SGA scores, 17.0% were well nourished, 59.5% were moderately malnourished and 23.5% were severely malnourished. SGA scores correlated positively with pulmonary function parameters and negatively with anthropometric parameters. However, there was no correlation for biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION The SGA is a simple screening tool for the assessment of the nutritional status of COPD patients in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gupta
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, India.
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kumar R, Rai S, Kant S, Anand K, Dar L, Singh U. HIV prevalence and MDR TB among DOTS attendees in a rural area of Haryana, India. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Khadilkar
- Growth and Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, India.
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Prasad R, Verma SK, Dua R, Kant S, Kushwaha R, Agarwal SP. A study of skin sensitivity to various allergens by skin prick test in patients of nasobronchial allergy. Lung India 2009; 26:70-3. [PMID: 20442839 PMCID: PMC2862509 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.53228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study skin sensitivity to various allergens in patients of nasobronchial allergy. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2880 skin prick tests with 60 allergens were performed in 48 patients of nasobronchial allergy. RESULTS Most common offending allergens were insects (21.2%), followed by dusts (12.0%), pollens (7.8%), animal dander (3.1%), and fungi (1.3%). The common insect antigen were locust female (33.3%) followed by locust male (25%), grasshopper (20.8%), cricket (16.7%), cockroach female (16.7%) and cockroach male (14.6%). Common dust allergens were house dust, wheat dust, cotton mill and paper dust. Among pollens, Amaranthus spinosus, Argemone mexicana, Adhatoda vasica, Ailanthus and Cannabis were found to be common allergens. In animal danders common offending allergens were cow dander and dog dander. Among fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria teneis and Fusarium sodani were common allergens. Patients of bronchial asthma had associated allergic rhinitis in 80% cases. CONCLUSION Common allergens in patients of nasobronchial allergy were identified. The data may prove useful in of allergen avoidance and immunotherapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Prasad
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S. K. Verma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - R. Dua
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S. Kant
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - R.A.S Kushwaha
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S. P. Agarwal
- Department of ENT, K.G. Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
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Schofield RA, Bi YM, Kant S, Rothstein SJ. Over-expression of STP13, a hexose transporter, improves plant growth and nitrogen use in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Plant Cell Environ 2009; 32:271-85. [PMID: 19054349 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01919.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, the regulation of hexose levels by the large monosaccharide transporter (MST) gene family influences many aspects of plant growth. The cloning and transgenic expression of one family member (STP13) enabled the manipulation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism in Arabidopsis. Transgenic seedlings constitutively over-expressing STP13 (STP13OX) had increased rates of glucose uptake, higher endogenous sucrose levels and accumulated more total C and biomass per plant when grown on soil-less media supplemented with 55 mM glucose and sufficient N (9 mM nitrate). Furthermore, STP13OX seedlings acquired 90% more total N than the Col-0 seedlings, and had higher levels of expression of the nitrate transporter NRT2.2. In addition, STP13OX seedlings were larger and had higher biomass than Col-0 seedlings when grown under a limiting N condition (3 mM nitrate). Transgene analysis of STP13 reveals that its gene product is localized to the plasma membrane (PM) in tobacco BY-2 suspension cells, that it encodes a functional MST in planta, and that the STP13 promoter directs GUS expression to the vasculature and to leaf mesophyll cells. This work highlights the link between C and N metabolism, demonstrating that a plant's N use may be improved by increasing the availability of C.
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Prasad R, Verma SK, Shrivastava P, Kant S, Kushwaha RAS, Kumar S. A follow up study on revised national tuberculosis control programme (rntcp): results from a single centre study. Lung India 2008; 25:142-4. [PMID: 21264079 PMCID: PMC3019343 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.45277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To know the follow up status of tuberculosis patients after 1 year of completion of treatment in RNTCP. MATERIALS #ENTITYSTARTX00026; METHODS Those patients of tuberculosis, who were registered from June 2003 to June 2004 at DOTS centre of our institution, were followed up at their homes after one year of completion of treatment between August 2005 and August 2006, with the help of health visitor. Patients were followed up clinically and symptomatic patients were also followed radiologically as well as bacteriologicalty. Results of the study were recorded in terms of number of patients remained asymptomatic, number of patients relapsed and number of patients died. RESULTS Out of 237 patients registered, 8 patients died during treatment period, 12 patients defaulted the treatment, the number of failures was 5 and 212 patients were declared cured/treatment completed. Out of these 212 patients 60 were unavailable for interview due to various reasons. The study observed that out of a total of 152 patients interviewed, 137 patients (90.1%) of remained asymptomatic, 11 patients (7.2%) had relapsed and 4 patients (2.6%) died during follow up. CONCLUSION The study observed that majority of patients (90.1%) re-mained asymptomatic after the completion of one year of treatment under DOTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Prasad
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSMMU, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - S. K. Verma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSMMU, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - P. Shrivastava
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSMMU, UP, Lucknow, India
| | - S. Kant
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSMMU, UP, Lucknow, India
| | | | - S. Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CSMMU, UP, Lucknow, India
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Madhu SV, Kant S, Srivastava S, Kant R, Sharma SB, Bhadoria DP. Postprandial lipaemia in patients with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 80:380-5. [PMID: 18321605 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2008.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the postprandial lipid responses in subjects with prediabetes (IFG and IGT), newly detected diabetes mellitus (NDDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS Postprandial lipid responses to a standard oral fat challenge was studied in forty-four subjects who were divided after an OGTT into NGT, pure impaired fasting glucose (PIFG), pure impaired glucose tolerance (PIGT) and NDDM. RESULTS There was a significantly higher postprandial triglyceride (PPTg) response with a higher PPTg area under curve (p=0.004) and peak PPTg levels (p=0.003) in patients with NDDM but not with either PIFG (p>0.05) or PIGT (p>0.05) when compared with NGT. Overall, PPTg responses correlated significantly with fasting plasma glucose (p=0.001) and 2h plasma glucose (p=0.001) but not with age, sex, body mass index, waist, or insulin resistance. CONCLUSION Subjects with newly detected diabetes mellitus displayed postprandial hypertriglyceridemia after a standard oral fat meal challenge while no such abnormality could be demonstrated in subjects with IFG or IGT. This defect is probably related to glycemic status and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Madhu
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, India.
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Goyal M, Goel A, Kumar P, Bajpai M, Verma NS, Kant S, Tiwari S. Circadian rhythm of peak expiratory flow rate in healthy north Indian men. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 52:64-68. [PMID: 18831353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability follows a specific pattern in asthmatics as well as in healthy individuals. There is scarcity of data for Indian healthy subjects. The PEFR (L/min.) was measured with Wright's portable peak flow meter at 05:00, 8:00, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00, 20:00 and 23:00 hours in 42 healthy, non-smoking adults of age group between 18-26 years. The variability of PEFR revealed a circadian pattern. PEFR levels tend to increase from morning at 5:00 hours till evening at 17:00 hours, with peak PEFR in evening at 17:00 hours, after which there was a progressive fall in PEFR levels, till morning 5:00 hours. This study provides the preliminary reference data of circadian pattern of PEFR in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goyal
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow--226 003
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Qazilbash MH, Thall PF, Wang X, Wieder E, Rios R, Kant S, Estey EH, Cortes JE, Komanduri K, Champlin RE, Molldrem JJ. PR1 peptide vaccination for patients with myeloid leukemias. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7017 Background: PR1 is a nanomeric HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from the myeloid leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 and neutrophil elastase. Methods: Sixty-six HLA-A2+ patients with acute myeloid leukemia (42), chronic myeloid leukemia (13) or myelodysplastic syndrome (11) were treated with PR1 peptide vaccine. The first 54 patient received three vaccinations, and the last 12 patients were given six vaccinations. The vaccine was injected subcutaneously, at 3 week intervals at one of three dose levels: 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg per vaccination. Immune response to the vaccine was defined as a ≥ 2-fold increase in PR1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Results: Fifty-three patients had measurable disease (MD) and 13 were in complete remission. The vaccine was well tolerated, with toxicity limited to grade I and II injection site reactions. Forty-four of the 53 patients with MD were evaluable for both immune and clinical responses. PR1-specific immune response was observed in 35/44 (57%) of the evaluable patients. Clinical responses were observed in 10 of the 25 immune responders versus 2 of the 19 immune non-responders (p=0.04). PR1 vaccine-induced immune response was associated with a longer event-free survival, 8.7 months vs. 4.1 months in immune non-responders (p = 0.17). Older age and high blast count were associated with short event-free survival (p=0.01 and <0.001). Conclusion: PR1 peptide vaccine-induced immune response is associated with a superior overall clinical response and a trend towards longer event-free survival in patients with persistent myeloid leukemia. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - X. Wang
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - E. Wieder
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - R. Rios
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - S. Kant
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Verma S, Rai SK, Kant S, Choudhury K. Morbidity profile of paediatric inpatents at a community health centre and a nearby [correction of near by] district hospital in northern India. Indian J Public Health 2007; 51:125-126. [PMID: 18240477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to ascertain the morbidity profile among children by retrospective review of inpatient data of children admitted to Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (CRHSP), Ballabgarh, a model CHC and Badshah Khan (B.K.) hospital, Faridabad, a district hospital over a period of one year. Diarrhea and pneumonia comprised 64% of all admissions at the model CHC and 30% at the district hospital. Thalassemics requiring blood transfusion formed 21% of inpatients at the district hospital. Common paediatric ailments can be managed appropriately at CHC level, provided the infrastructure as recommended by Indian Public Health sandards for CHC under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) is available. The blood bank or blood storage facility at a CHC is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Verma
- Paediatrics,Community Medicine, Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project, AIIMS, Ballabgarh
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Kant P, Kant S, Jain RK, Chaudhury VK. Agrobacterium-mediated high frequency transformation in dwarf recalcitrant rice cultivars. Biol plant 2007; 51:61-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s10535-007-0012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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