1
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Mattila TM, Svensson EM, Juras A, Günther T, Kashuba N, Ala-Hulkko T, Chyleński M, McKenna J, Pospieszny Ł, Constantinescu M, Rotea M, Palincaș N, Wilk S, Czerniak L, Kruk J, Łapo J, Makarowicz P, Potekhina I, Soficaru A, Szmyt M, Szostek K, Götherström A, Storå J, Netea MG, Nikitin AG, Persson P, Malmström H, Jakobsson M. Genetic continuity, isolation, and gene flow in Stone Age Central and Eastern Europe. Commun Biol 2023; 6:793. [PMID: 37558731 PMCID: PMC10412644 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The genomic landscape of Stone Age Europe was shaped by multiple migratory waves and population replacements, but different regions do not all show similar patterns. To refine our understanding of the population dynamics before and after the dawn of the Neolithic, we generated and analyzed genomic sequence data from human remains of 56 individuals from the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Eneolithic across Central and Eastern Europe. We found that Mesolithic European populations formed a geographically widespread isolation-by-distance zone ranging from Central Europe to Siberia, which was already established 10,000 years ago. We found contrasting patterns of population continuity during the Neolithic transition: people around the lower Dnipro Valley region, Ukraine, showed continuity over 4000 years, from the Mesolithic to the end of the Neolithic, in contrast to almost all other parts of Europe where population turnover drove this cultural change, including vast areas of Central Europe and around the Danube River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina M Mattila
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Emma M Svensson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Juras
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Torsten Günther
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Natalija Kashuba
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University, 75126, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Terhi Ala-Hulkko
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
- Kerttu Saalasti Institute, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - James McKenna
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Gdańsk, 80-851, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mihai Constantinescu
- "Francisc I. Rainer" Institute of Anthropology, Romanian Academy, 050711, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of History, University of Bucharest, 030167, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Rotea
- National History Museum of Transylvania, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nona Palincaș
- Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stanisław Wilk
- Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007, Kraków, Poland
- Karkonosze Museum, 58-500, Jelenia Góra, Poland
| | - Lech Czerniak
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Gdańsk, 80-851, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janusz Kruk
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Łapo
- Museum of Folk Culture, 11-600, Węgorzewo, Poland
| | - Przemysław Makarowicz
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Inna Potekhina
- Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 04210, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Physical Anthropology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Soficaru
- "Francisc I. Rainer" Institute of Anthropology, Romanian Academy, 050711, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marzena Szmyt
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Archaeological Museum, 61-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szostek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 01-938, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anders Götherström
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm University and the Swedish Museum of Natural History, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Storå
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, HP, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexey G Nikitin
- Grand Valley State University, Department of Biology, Allendale, MI, 49401, USA
| | - Per Persson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
- Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helena Malmström
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden.
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2
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Chyleński M, Makarowicz P, Juras A, Krzewińska M, Pospieszny Ł, Ehler E, Breszka A, Górski J, Taras H, Szczepanek A, Polańska M, Włodarczak P, Lasota-Kuś A, Wójcik I, Romaniszyn J, Szmyt M, Kośko A, Ignaczak M, Sadowski S, Matoga A, Grossman A, Ilchyshyn V, Yahodinska MO, Romańska A, Tunia K, Przybyła M, Grygiel R, Szostek K, Dabert M, Götherström A, Jakobsson M, Malmström H. Patrilocality and hunter-gatherer-related ancestry of populations in East-Central Europe during the Middle Bronze Age. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4395. [PMID: 37528090 PMCID: PMC10393988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The demographic history of East-Central Europe after the Neolithic period remains poorly explored, despite this region being on the confluence of various ecological zones and cultural entities. Here, the descendants of societies associated with steppe pastoralists form Early Bronze Age were followed by Middle Bronze Age populations displaying unique characteristics. Particularly, the predominance of collective burials, the scale of which, was previously seen only in the Neolithic. The extent to which this re-emergence of older traditions is a result of genetic shift or social changes in the MBA is a subject of debate. Here by analysing 91 newly generated genomes from Bronze Age individuals from present Poland and Ukraine, we discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an additional admixture event involving a population with relatively high proportions of genetic component associated with European hunter-gatherers and that their social structure was based on, primarily patrilocal, multigenerational kin-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Makarowicz
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 7, 61- 614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Juras
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Palaeogentics, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Institute of Archaeology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Bielańska 5, 80-851, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, 43 Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UU, UK
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Agnieszka Breszka
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Górski
- Department of History and Cultural Heritage, University of Pope Jan Paweł II, Kanonicza 9, 31-002, Cracow, Poland
- Archaeological Museum in Cracow, Senacka 3, 31-002, Cracow, Poland
| | - Halina Taras
- Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M.C.-Skłodowska sq. 4, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anita Szczepanek
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Polańska
- Department of Material and Spiritual Culture, Lublin Museum, Zamkowa 9, 20-117, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Włodarczak
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Lasota-Kuś
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Cracow, Poland
| | - Irena Wójcik
- Archaeological Museum in Cracow, Senacka 3, 31-002, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jan Romaniszyn
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 7, 61- 614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marzena Szmyt
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 7, 61- 614, Poznań, Poland
- Archaeological Museum in Poznań, Wodna 27, 61-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksander Kośko
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 7, 61- 614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Ignaczak
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 7, 61- 614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwester Sadowski
- Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M.C.-Skłodowska sq. 4, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Matoga
- Archaeological Museum in Cracow, Senacka 3, 31-002, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Grossman
- Muzeum Archeologiczne w Biskupinie, Biskupin 17, 88-410, Gąsawa, Poland
| | - Vasyl Ilchyshyn
- Zaliztsi Museum of Local Lore, Schevchenka 51, Zalizhtsi, 47243, Ternopil reg, Ukraine
| | - Maryna O Yahodinska
- Ternopil Regional Center for Protection and Research of Cultural Heritage Sites, Kyyivs'ka 3а, 46016, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Adriana Romańska
- Wojewódzki Urząd Ochrony Zabytków, Gołębia 2, 61-840, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Tunia
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Przybyła
- Archaeological company "Dolmen Marcin Przybyła, Michał Podsiadło s.c.", Serkowskiego Sq. 8/3, 30-512, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ryszard Grygiel
- Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź, Plac Wolności 14, 91-415, Łódź, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szostek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anders Götherström
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Palaeogentics, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
- SciLifeLab, Stockholm and Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Malmström
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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3
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Juras A, Ehler E, Chyleński M, Pospieszny Ł, Spinek AE, Malmström H, Krzewińska M, Szostek K, Pasterkiewicz W, Florek M, Wilk S, Mnich B, Kruk J, Szmyt M, Kozieł S, Götherström A, Jakobsson M, Dabert M. Maternal genetic origin of the late and final Neolithic human populations from present-day Poland. Am J Phys Anthropol 2021; 176:223-236. [PMID: 34308549 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to identify maternal genetic affinities between the Middle to Final Neolithic (3850-2300 BC) populations from present-day Poland and possible genetic influences from the Pontic steppe. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted ancient DNA studies from populations associated with Złota, Globular Amphora, Funnel Beaker, and Corded Ware cultures (CWC). We sequenced genomic libraries on Illumina platform to generate 86 complete ancient mitochondrial genomes. Some of the samples were enriched for mitochondrial DNA using hybridization capture. RESULTS The maternal genetic composition found in Złota-associated individuals resembled that found in people associated with the Globular Amphora culture which indicates that both groups likely originated from the same maternal genetic background. Further, these two groups were closely related to the Funnel Beaker culture-associated population. None of these groups shared a close affinity to CWC-associated people. Haplogroup U4 was present only in the CWC group and absent in Złota group, Globular Amphora, and Funnel Beaker cultures. DISCUSSION The prevalence of mitochondrial haplogroups of Neolithic farmer origin identified in Early, Middle and Late Neolithic populations suggests a genetic continuity of these maternal lineages in the studied area. Although overlapping in time - and to some extent - in cultural expressions, none of the studied groups (Złota, Globular Amphora, Funnel Beaker), shared a close genetic affinity to CWC-associated people, indicating a larger extent of cultural influence from the Pontic steppe than genetic exchange. The higher frequency of haplogroup U5b found in populations associated with Funnel Beaker, Globular Amphora, and Złota cultures suggest a gradual maternal genetic influx from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Moreover, presence of haplogroup U4 in Corded Ware groups is most likely associated with the migrations from the Pontic steppe at the end of the Neolithic and supports the observed genetic distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juras
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Elżbieta Spinek
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Helena Malmström
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Krzysztof Szostek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Marek Florek
- Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wilk
- Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,The Karkonosze Museum in Jelenia Góra, Jelenia Góra, Poland
| | - Barbara Mnich
- Department of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Janusz Kruk
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marzena Szmyt
- Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.,Archaeological Museum, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kozieł
- Department of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anders Götherström
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznań, Poland
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4
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Yaka R, Mapelli I, Kaptan D, Doğu A, Chyleński M, Erdal ÖD, Koptekin D, Vural KB, Bayliss A, Mazzucato C, Fer E, Çokoğlu SS, Lagerholm VK, Krzewińska M, Karamurat C, Gemici HC, Sevkar A, Dağtaş ND, Kılınç GM, Adams D, Munters AR, Sağlıcan E, Milella M, Schotsmans EMJ, Yurtman E, Çetin M, Yorulmaz S, Altınışık NE, Ghalichi A, Juras A, Bilgin CC, Günther T, Storå J, Jakobsson M, de Kleijn M, Mustafaoğlu G, Fairbairn A, Pearson J, Togan İ, Kayacan N, Marciniak A, Larsen CS, Hodder I, Atakuman Ç, Pilloud M, Sürer E, Gerritsen F, Özbal R, Baird D, Erdal YS, Duru G, Özbaşaran M, Haddow SD, Knüsel CJ, Götherström A, Özer F, Somel M. Variable kinship patterns in Neolithic Anatolia revealed by ancient genomes. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2455-2468.e18. [PMID: 33857427 PMCID: PMC8210650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The social organization of the first fully sedentary societies that emerged during the Neolithic period in Southwest Asia remains enigmatic,1 mainly because material culture studies provide limited insight into this issue. However, because Neolithic Anatolian communities often buried their dead beneath domestic buildings,2 household composition and social structure can be studied through these human remains. Here, we describe genetic relatedness among co-burials associated with domestic buildings in Neolithic Anatolia using 59 ancient genomes, including 22 new genomes from Aşıklı Höyük and Çatalhöyük. We infer pedigree relationships by simultaneously analyzing multiple types of information, including autosomal and X chromosome kinship coefficients, maternal markers, and radiocarbon dating. In two early Neolithic villages dating to the 9th and 8th millennia BCE, Aşıklı Höyük and Boncuklu, we discover that siblings and parent-offspring pairings were frequent within domestic structures, which provides the first direct indication of close genetic relationships among co-burials. In contrast, in the 7th millennium BCE sites of Çatalhöyük and Barcın, where we study subadults interred within and around houses, we find close genetic relatives to be rare. Hence, genetic relatedness may not have played a major role in the choice of burial location at these latter two sites, at least for subadults. This supports the hypothesis that in Çatalhöyük,3, 4, 5 and possibly in some other Neolithic communities, domestic structures may have served as burial location for social units incorporating biologically unrelated individuals. Our results underscore the diversity of kin structures in Neolithic communities during this important phase of sociocultural development. Genetic kinship estimated from co-buried individuals’ genomes in Neolithic Anatolia Close relatives are common among co-burials in Aşıklı and Boncuklu Many unrelated infants found buried in the same building in Çatalhöyük and Barcın Neolithic societies in Southwest Asia may have held diverse concepts of kinship
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhan Yaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Igor Mapelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Damla Kaptan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayça Doğu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ömür Dilek Erdal
- Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Koptekin
- Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Historic England, London, UK
| | - Kıvılcım Başak Vural
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alex Bayliss
- Scientific Dating, Historic England, London, UK; Biological & Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Camilla Mazzucato
- Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94303 USA
| | - Evrim Fer
- Department of Genetics, University of Arizona, 85719, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sevim Seda Çokoğlu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vendela Kempe Lagerholm
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden; Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cansu Karamurat
- Graduate School of Social Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Can Gemici
- Graduate School of Social Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arda Sevkar
- Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihan Dilşad Dağtaş
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Merve Kılınç
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey; Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Donovan Adams
- Department of Anthropology, University of Central Florida, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arielle R Munters
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden; SciLife Lab, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ekin Sağlıcan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marco Milella
- Department of Physical Anthropology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Sulgenauweg 40, CH-3007 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eline M J Schotsmans
- Centre for Archaeological Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; UMR 5199, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Erinç Yurtman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Çetin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Yorulmaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Ezgi Altınışık
- Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Human G Lab, Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayshin Ghalichi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Juras
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - C Can Bilgin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Torsten Günther
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Storå
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maurice de Kleijn
- Spatial Information Laboratory (SPINlab) at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gökhan Mustafaoğlu
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, Abant 1 Cad. No:10/2D, Yenimahalle, Ankara
| | - Andrew Fairbairn
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Michie Building, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica Pearson
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, 8-14 Abercromby Square, Liverpool, L69 7WZ, UK
| | - İnci Togan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Kayacan
- Department of Prehistory, Faculty of Letters, Istanbul University, Ordu Cad. No: 6, 34459, Laleli, Istanbul
| | | | | | - Ian Hodder
- Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94303 USA
| | - Çiğdem Atakuman
- Institute of Social Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marin Pilloud
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno
| | - Elif Sürer
- Department of Modeling and Simulation, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Rana Özbal
- Department of Archaeology and History of Art, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Douglas Baird
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, 8-14 Abercromby Square, Liverpool, L69 7WZ, UK
| | - Yılmaz Selim Erdal
- Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Human G Lab, Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güneş Duru
- Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey
| | | | - Scott D Haddow
- Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher J Knüsel
- UMR 5199, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Anders Götherström
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Füsun Özer
- Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Human G Lab, Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Somel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey.
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Mnich B, Spinek AE, Chyleński M, Sommerfeld A, Dabert M, Juras A, Szostek K. Correction:Analysis of LCT-13910 genotypes and bone mineral density in ancient skeletal materials. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236908. [PMID: 32702066 PMCID: PMC7377453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Juras A, Makarowicz P, Chyleński M, Ehler E, Malmström H, Krzewińska M, Pospieszny Ł, Górski J, Taras H, Szczepanek A, Polańska M, Włodarczak P, Szyca A, Lasota-Kuś A, Wójcik I, Jakobsson M, Dabert M. Mitochondrial genomes from Bronze Age Poland reveal genetic continuity from the Late Neolithic and additional genetic affinities with the steppe populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 2020; 172:176-188. [PMID: 32297323 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this work we aim to investigate the origins and genetic affinities of Bronze Age populations (2,400-1,100 BC) from the region of southern Poland and to trace maternal kinship patterns present in the burials of those populations by the use of complete mitochondrial genomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed ancient DNA analyses for Bronze Age individuals from present-day Poland associated with the Strzyżow culture, the Mierzanowice culture, and the Trzciniec Cultural circle. To obtain complete mitochondrial genomes, we sequenced genomic libraries using Illumina platform. Additionally, hybridization capture was used to enrich some of the samples for mitochondrial DNA. AMS 14 C-dating was conducted for 51 individuals to verify chronological and cultural attribution of the analyzed samples. RESULTS Complete ancient mitochondrial genomes were generated for 80 of the Bronze Age individuals from present-day Poland. The results of the population genetic analyses indicate close maternal genetic affinity between Mierzanowice, Trzciniec, and Corded Ware culture-associated populations. This is in contrast to the genetically more distant Strzyżów people that displayed closer maternal genetic relation to steppe populations associated with the preceding Yamnaya culture and Catacomb culture, and with later Scythians. Potential maternal kinship relations were identified in burials of Mierzanowice and Trzciniec populations analyzed in this study. DISCUSSION Results revealed genetic continuity from the Late Neolithic Corded Ware groups to Bronze Age Mierzanowice and Trzciniec-associated populations, and possible additional genetic contribution from the steppe to the formation of the Strzyżów-associated group at the end of 3rd millennium BC. Mitochondrial patterns indicated several pairs of potentially maternally related individuals mostly in Trzciniec-associated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juras
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Charles University, Faculty of Education, Praha 1, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Malmström
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, UPpSala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jacek Górski
- Department of History and Cultural Heritage, University of Pope Jan Paweł II, Kraków, Poland
- Archaeological Museum in Cracow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Halina Taras
- Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anita Szczepanek
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Polańska
- Department of Material and Spiritual Culture, Lublin Museum, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Włodarczak
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szyca
- Institute of Human Biology & Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Lasota-Kuś
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Science, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, UPpSala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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Chyleński M, Ehler E, Somel M, Yaka R, Krzewińska M, Dabert M, Juras A, Marciniak A. Ancient Mitochondrial Genomes Reveal the Absence of Maternal Kinship in the Burials of Çatalhöyük People and Their Genetic Affinities. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030207. [PMID: 30862131 PMCID: PMC6471721 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Çatalhöyük is one of the most widely recognized and extensively researched Neolithic settlements. The site has been used to discuss a wide range of aspects associated with the spread of the Neolithic lifestyle and the social organization of Neolithic societies. Here, we address both topics using newly generated mitochondrial genomes, obtained by direct sequencing and capture-based enrichment of genomic libraries, for a group of individuals buried under a cluster of neighboring houses from the classical layer of the site’s occupation. Our data suggests a lack of maternal kinship between individuals interred under the floors of Çatalhöyük buildings. The findings could potentially be explained either by a high variability of maternal lineages within a larger kin group, or alternatively, an intentional selection of individuals for burial based on factors other than biological kinship. Our population analyses shows that Neolithic Central Anatolian groups, including Çatalhöyük, share the closest affinity with the population from the Marmara Region and are, in contrast, set further apart from the Levantine populations. Our findings support the hypothesis about the emergence and the direction of spread of the Neolithic within Anatolian Peninsula and beyond, emphasizing a significant role of Central Anatolia in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of Historical Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education, Charles University, Magdalény Rettigové 4, 116 39 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Mehmet Somel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Reyhan Yaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mirosława Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Marciniak
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of Historical Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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8
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Krzewińska M, Kılınç GM, Juras A, Koptekin D, Chyleński M, Nikitin AG, Shcherbakov N, Shuteleva I, Leonova T, Kraeva L, Sungatov FA, Sultanova AN, Potekhina I, Łukasik S, Krenz-Niedbała M, Dalén L, Sinika V, Jakobsson M, Storå J, Götherström A. Ancient genomes suggest the eastern Pontic-Caspian steppe as the source of western Iron Age nomads. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaat4457. [PMID: 30417088 PMCID: PMC6223350 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For millennia, the Pontic-Caspian steppe was a connector between the Eurasian steppe and Europe. In this scene, multidirectional and sequential movements of different populations may have occurred, including those of the Eurasian steppe nomads. We sequenced 35 genomes (low to medium coverage) of Bronze Age individuals (Srubnaya-Alakulskaya) and Iron Age nomads (Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians) that represent four distinct cultural entities corresponding to the chronological sequence of cultural complexes in the region. Our results suggest that, despite genetic links among these peoples, no group can be considered a direct ancestor of the subsequent group. The nomadic populations were heterogeneous and carried genetic affinities with populations from several other regions including the Far East and the southern Urals. We found evidence of a stable shared genetic signature, making the eastern Pontic-Caspian steppe a likely source of western nomadic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Krzewińska
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gülşah Merve Kılınç
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dilek Koptekin
- Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Alexey G. Nikitin
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI 49401, USA
| | - Nikolai Shcherbakov
- Laboratory of Methodology and Methods of Humanitarian Research, Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Octyabrskoy Revolutsii, 3A, 450007 Ufa, Russia
| | - Iia Shuteleva
- Laboratory of Methodology and Methods of Humanitarian Research, Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Octyabrskoy Revolutsii, 3A, 450007 Ufa, Russia
- Institute of History and State Management, Bashkir State University, Zaki Validy Street 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana Leonova
- Laboratory of Methodology and Methods of Humanitarian Research, Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Octyabrskoy Revolutsii, 3A, 450007 Ufa, Russia
| | - Liudmila Kraeva
- Archaeological Laboratory, Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Flarit A. Sungatov
- Archaeological Laboratory, Bashkir State University, Str. Validi Z. 32, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alfija N. Sultanova
- Archaeological Laboratory, Bashkir State University, Str. Validi Z. 32, Ufa, Russia
| | - Inna Potekhina
- Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Sylwia Łukasik
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Krenz-Niedbała
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Love Dalén
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Post Office Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vitaly Sinika
- Taras Shevchenko University in Tiraspol, October Street 25, 33-00 Tiraspol, Moldova
- Nizhnevartovsk State University, Lenin Street, 56, Nizhnevartovsk, 628605, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, Yugra, Russia
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Subdepartment of Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 C, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Norbyvägen 18 C, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research and Department of Anthropology and Development Studies, University of Johannesburg, Post Office Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Jan Storå
- Osteoarchaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Götherström
- Archaeological Research Laboratory, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescativägen 7, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Juras A, Chyleński M, Ehler E, Malmström H, Żurkiewicz D, Włodarczak P, Wilk S, Peška J, Fojtík P, Králík M, Libera J, Bagińska J, Tunia K, Klochko VI, Dabert M, Jakobsson M, Kośko A. Mitochondrial genomes reveal an east to west cline of steppe ancestry in Corded Ware populations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11603. [PMID: 30072694 PMCID: PMC6072757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
From around 4,000 to 2,000 BC the forest-steppe north-western Pontic region was occupied by people who shared a nomadic lifestyle, pastoral economy and barrow burial rituals. It has been shown that these groups, especially those associated with the Yamnaya culture, played an important role in shaping the gene pool of Bronze Age Europeans, which extends into present-day patterns of genetic variation in Europe. Although the genetic impact of these migrations from the forest-steppe Pontic region into central Europe have previously been addressed in several studies, the contribution of mitochondrial lineages to the people associated with the Corded Ware culture in the eastern part of the North European Plain remains contentious. In this study, we present mitochondrial genomes from 23 Late Eneolithic and Bronze Age individuals, including representatives of the north-western Pontic region and the Corded Ware culture from the eastern part of the North European Plain. We identified, for the first time in ancient populations, the rare mitochondrial haplogroup X4 in two Bronze Age Catacomb culture-associated individuals. Genetic similarity analyses show close maternal genetic affinities between populations associated with both eastern and Baltic Corded Ware culture, and the Yamnaya horizon, in contrast to larger genetic differentiation between populations associated with western Corded Ware culture and the Yamnaya horizon. This indicates that females with steppe ancestry contributed to the formation of populations associated with the eastern Corded Ware culture while more local people, likely of Neolithic farmer ancestry, contributed to the formation of populations associated with western Corded Ware culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89D, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Malmström
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Danuta Żurkiewicz
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89D, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Włodarczak
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Sławkowska str. 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wilk
- Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University, Gołębia 11, 31-007, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jaroslav Peška
- Archaeological Centre Olomouc, U Hradiska 42/6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of History - Section of Archaeology, Philosophical faculty, Palacký University Olomouc, Na Hradě 5, 771 80, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fojtík
- Institute of Archaeological Heritage Brno, v.v.i., Kaloudova 30, 614 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Králík
- Laboratory of Morphology and Forensic Anthropology (LaMorFA), Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jerzy Libera
- Institute of Archaeology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square 4, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Bagińska
- Muzeum Regionalne im. Janusza Petera, ul. Zamojska 2, 22-600, Tomaszów Lubelski, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Tunia
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Sławkowska str. 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Viktor I Klochko
- National University of "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Institute of Archaeology, Hryhoriya Skovorody St. 2, 04655, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Anthropological Research, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Aleksander Kośko
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89D, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Mnich B, Spinek AE, Chyleński M, Sommerfeld A, Dabert M, Juras A, Szostek K. Analysis of LCT-13910 genotypes and bone mineral density in ancient skeletal materials. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194966. [PMID: 29708972 PMCID: PMC5927400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The relation of LCT-13910 genotypes and bone mineral density (BMD) has been the subject of modern-day human population studies, giving inconsistent results. In the present study we analyze for the first time a relation of LCT-13910 genotypes and BMD in historical skeletal individuals. Ancient population might be a model for testing this association due to elimination of non-natural factors affecting bone density. Among 22 medieval individuals from Sanok churchyard (South-Eastern Poland; dated from XIV to XVII c. AD) we identified 4 individuals with osteoporosis (mean BMD = 0.468 g/cm2, SD = 0.090), 10 individuals with osteopenia (mean BMD = 0.531 g/cm2, SD = 0.066) and 8 individuals with normal BMD values (mean BMD = 0,642 g/cm2, SD = 0.060). Analyses of BMD and LCT-13910 genotypes revealed that mean BMD was the highest (0.583 g/cm2, SD = 0.065) in the individuals with lactose tolerance genotypes (TT and CT). We also found possible association of lower BMD at the radius and CC genotypes due to higher but not statistically significant frequency of osteoporosis in the lactose intolerant group (p = 0.60). Statistically significant correlation was found between BMD and females aged 20-35 years, with tendency to reduce BMD with age (p = 0.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mnich
- Department of Anthropology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Sommerfeld
- Department of Agriculture and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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Chyleński M, Juras A, Ehler E, Malmström H, Piontek J, Jakobsson M, Marciniak A, Dabert M. Late Danubian mitochondrial genomes shed light into the Neolithisation of Central Europe in the 5 th millennium BC. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:80. [PMID: 28302068 PMCID: PMC5356262 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent aDNA studies are progressively focusing on various Neolithic and Hunter - Gatherer (HG) populations, providing arguments in favor of major migrations accompanying European Neolithisation. The major focus was so far on the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), which introduced the Neolithic way of life in Central Europe in the second half of 6th millennium BC. It is widely agreed that people of this culture were genetically different from local HGs and no genetic exchange is seen between the two groups. From the other hand some degree of resurgence of HGs genetic component is seen in late Neolithic groups belonging to the complex of the Funnel Beaker Cultures (TRB). Less attention is brought to various middle Neolithic cultures belonging to Late Danubian sequence which chronologically fall in between those two abovementioned groups. We suspected that genetic influx from HG to farming communities might have happened in Late Danubian cultures since archaeologists see extensive contacts between those two communities. Results Here we address this issue by presenting 5 complete mitochondrial genomes of various late Danubian individuals from modern-day Poland and combining it with available published data. Our data show that Late Danubian cultures are maternally closely related to Funnel Beaker groups instead of culturally similar LBK. Conclusions We assume that it is an effect of the presence of individuals belonging to U5 haplogroup both in Late Danubians and the TRB. The U5 haplogroup is thought to be a typical for HGs of Europe and therefore we argue that it is an additional evidence of genetic exchange between farming and HG groups taking place at least as far back as in middle Neolithic, in the Late Danubian communities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0924-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.,Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education, Charles University in Prague, Magdalény Rettigové 4, 116 39, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Malmström
- Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Janusz Piontek
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arkadiusz Marciniak
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Juras A, Krzewińska M, Nikitin AG, Ehler E, Chyleński M, Łukasik S, Krenz-Niedbała M, Sinika V, Piontek J, Ivanova S, Dabert M, Götherström A. Diverse origin of mitochondrial lineages in Iron Age Black Sea Scythians. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43950. [PMID: 28266657 PMCID: PMC5339713 DOI: 10.1038/srep43950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Scythians were nomadic and semi-nomadic people that ruled the Eurasian steppe during much of the first millennium BCE. While having been extensively studied by archaeology, very little is known about their genetic identity. To fill this gap, we analyzed ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Scythians of the North Pontic Region (NPR) and successfully retrieved 19 whole mtDNA genomes. We have identified three potential mtDNA lineage ancestries of the NPR Scythians tracing back to hunter-gatherer and nomadic populations of east and west Eurasia as well as the Neolithic farming expansion into Europe. One third of all mt lineages in our dataset belonged to subdivisions of mt haplogroup U5. A comparison of NPR Scythian mtDNA linages with other contemporaneous Scythian groups, the Saka and the Pazyryks, reveals a common mtDNA package comprised of haplogroups H/H5, U5a, A, D/D4, and F1/F2. Of these, west Eurasian lineages show a downward cline in the west-east direction while east Eurasian haplogroups display the opposite trajectory. An overall similarity in mtDNA lineages of the NPR Scythians was found with the late Bronze Age Srubnaya population of the Northern Black Sea region which supports the archaeological hypothesis suggesting Srubnaya people as ancestors of the NPR Scythians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maja Krzewińska
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University Wallenberglaboratoriet, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexey G Nikitin
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401, United States of America
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.,Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Education, Charles University in Prague, Magdalény Rettigové 4, 116 39, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sylwia Łukasik
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Krenz-Niedbała
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Vitaly Sinika
- Taras Shevchenko University in Tiraspol, Taras Shevchenko University in Tiraspol, October Street 25, 33-00 Tiraspol, Moldova
| | - Janusz Piontek
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lanzheronivska Street, 65026, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anders Götherström
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University Wallenberglaboratoriet, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Juras A, Chyleński M, Krenz-Niedbała M, Malmström H, Ehler E, Pospieszny Ł, Łukasik S, Bednarczyk J, Piontek J, Jakobsson M, Dabert M. Investigating kinship of Neolithic post-LBK human remains from Krusza Zamkowa, Poland using ancient DNA. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2016; 26:30-39. [PMID: 27771467 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We applied an interdisciplinary approach to investigate kinship patterns and funerary practices during the middle Neolithic. Genetic studies, radiocarbon dating, and taphonomic analyses were used to examine two grave clusters from Krusza Zamkowa, Poland. To reconstruct kinship and determine biological sex, we extracted DNA from bones and teeth, analyzed mitochondrial genomes and nuclear SNPs using the HID-Ion AmpliSeq™ Identity panel generated on Illumina and Ion Torrent platforms, respectively. We further dated the material (AMS 14C) and to exclude aquatic radiocarbon reservoir effects, measures of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes for diet reconstruction were used. We found distinct mitochondrial genomes belonging to haplogroups U5b2a1a, K1c and H3d in the first grave cluster, and excluded maternal kin patterns among the three analyzed individuals. In the second grave cluster one individual belonged to K1a4. However, we could not affiliate the second individual to a certain haplogroup due to the fragmented state of the mitochondrial genome. Although the individuals from the second grave cluster differ at position 6643, we believe that more data is needed to fully resolve this issue. We retrieved between 26 and 77 autosomal SNPs from three of the individuals. Based on kinship estimations, taking into account the allelic dropout distribution, we could not exclude first degree kin relation between the two individuals from the second grave cluster. We could, however, exclude a first degree kinship between these two individuals and an individual from the first grave cluster. Presumably, not only biological kinship, but also social relations played an important role in the funerary practice during this time period. We further conclude that the HID-Ion AmpliSeq™ Identity Panel may prove useful for first degree kin relation studies for samples with good DNA preservation, and that mitochondrial genome capture enrichment is a powerful tool for excluding direct maternal relationship in ancient individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Juras
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Chyleński
- Institute of Prehistory, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marta Krenz-Niedbała
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Helena Malmström
- Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Edvard Ehler
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Pospieszny
- Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Łukasik
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Józef Bednarczyk
- Institute of Prehistory, Faculty of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89D, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Janusz Piontek
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Mattias Jakobsson
- Department of Organismal Biology and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18C, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Miroslawa Dabert
- Molecular Biology Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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