1
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Toratani K, Watanabe M, Kanda J, Oka T, Hyuga M, Arai Y, Iwasaki M, Sakurada M, Nannya Y, Ogawa S, Yamada T, Takaori-Kondo A. Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for familial platelet disorder/acute myeloid leukemia with germline RUNX1 mutations. Int J Hematol 2023; 118:400-405. [PMID: 36897502 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Germline mutations in RUNX1 result in rare autosomal-dominant familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia (FPD/AML). As genetic analysis is becoming increasingly prevalent, the diagnosis rate of FPD/AML is expected to increase. In this report, we present two pedigrees, one diagnosed molecularly and another highly suspected to be FPD/AML, whose members both received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Both pedigrees had a family history of thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and hematological malignancies. One family inherited a frameshift mutation (p.P240fs) of RUNX1, a known pathogenic variant. Another family inherited a point mutation (p.G168R) in the runt-homology domain, the clinical significance of which is uncertain at this point. As this mutation was completely absent from all population databases and had a relatively high REVEL score of 0.947, we thought that it would be dangerous to ignore its possible pathogenicity. Consequently, we avoided choosing HSCT donors from relatives of both families and performed HSCT from unrelated donors. In conclusion, our experience with two families of FPD/AML highlights the importance of searching for gene mutations associated with germline predisposition and indicates the necessity of developing a donor coordination system for FPD/AML patients, as well as a support system for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Toratani
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mizuki Watanabe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Oka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mizuki Hyuga
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Arai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Iwasaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Hematopoietic Disease Control, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-Cho, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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2
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Kataoka A, Mizumoto C, Kanda J, Iwasaki M, Sakurada M, Oka T, Fujimoto M, Yamamoto Y, Yamashita K, Nannya Y, Ogawa S, Takaori-Kondo A. Successful azacitidine therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome associated with VEXAS syndrome. Int J Hematol 2023; 117:919-924. [PMID: 36641501 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is caused by UBA1 somatic mutations and is characterized by late-onset systemic autoimmune inflammation and blood abnormalities such as cytopenia, vacuolation of myeloid/erythroblastic cells, and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). It is often resistant to immunosuppressive therapy, and no treatment strategy has been established. A 65-year-old man presented with palpable erythema, fever, macrocytic anemia, and arthralgia. He was subsequently diagnosed with MDS complicated by Sweet's disease. Treatment with azacitidine was initiated due to suspected skin invasion by MDS cells and resistance of the skin rash to steroid therapy. Next-generation sequencing of bone marrow samples prior to treatment initiation revealed the presence of UBA1 p.M41L (VAF 0.38) and DNMT3A p.L605fs mutations (VAF 0.184). Based on the findings of systemic inflammation, a diagnosis of VEXAS syndrome was made. The fever and skin rash improved with azacitidine therapy. In conclusion, somatic mutations in UBA1 should be explored in patients with MDS exhibiting systemic autoimmune inflammation. Furthermore, azacitidine may be a good treatment option for systemic autoinflammation in MDS associated with VEXAS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Kataoka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chisaki Mizumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Makoto Iwasaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomomi Oka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamashita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Hematopoietic Disease Control, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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3
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Hirano M, Sakurada M, Furuya S. Overcoming the ceiling effects of experts' motor expertise through active haptic training. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/47/eabd2558. [PMID: 33219034 PMCID: PMC7679166 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the most challenging issues among experts is how to improve motor skills that have already been highly trained. Recent studies have proposed importance of both genetic predisposition and accumulated amount of practice for standing at the top of fields of sports and performing arts. In contrast to the two factors, what is unexplored is how one practices impacts on experts' expertise. Here, we show that training of active somatosensory function (active haptic training) enhances precise force control in the keystrokes and somatosensory functions specifically of expert pianists, but not of untrained individuals. By contrast, training that merely repeats the task with provision of error feedback, which is a typical training method, failed to improve the force control in the experts, but not in the untrained. These findings provide evidence that the limit of highly trained motor skills could be overcome by optimizing training methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hirano
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc. (SONY CSL), Tokyo, Japan.
- Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Sakurada
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc. (SONY CSL), Tokyo, Japan
- Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Furuya
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc. (SONY CSL), Tokyo, Japan
- Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Sakurada M, Sumi H, Kaji K, Kobayashi N, Sakai Y, Aung MS, Urushibara N, Kobayashi N. Pacemaker-associated infection caused by ST81/SCC mec IV methicillin-resistant, vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in Japan. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 35:100656. [PMID: 32215211 PMCID: PMC7083773 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 76-year-old Japanese man was admitted to hospital for treatment of fever and skin lesion at the implantation site of his pacemaker. During his hospitalization, vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 4 μg/mL) with reduced susceptibility to daptomycin was isolated from venous blood. This isolate was identified as methicillin-resistant S. aureus with SCCmec IV and was genotyped as sequence type 81, coa VIIa and spa type t7044, harbouring blaZ, aac(6′)-aph(2″) and enterotoxin(-like) genes sea, seb, sek, sel, selx and selw. The patient was successfully treated with daptomycin, minocycline and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. We describe the identification of sequence type 81/SCCmec IV vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus from pacemaker-associated septicaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Department of Pharmacy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Sumi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Kaji
- Department of Pharmacy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Kobayashi
- Department of Laboratory, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Sakai
- Department of Paediatrics, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - M S Aung
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Urushibara
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Kobayashi
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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5
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Kawata T, Tada K, Kobayashi M, Sakamoto T, Takiuchi Y, Iwai F, Sakurada M, Hishizawa M, Shirakawa K, Shindo K, Sato H, Takaori-Kondo A. Dual inhibition of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling pathways is a promising therapeutic target for adult T-cell leukemia. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:103-111. [PMID: 29077243 PMCID: PMC5765289 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) has a poor prognosis as a result of severe immunosuppression and rapid tumor progression with resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Recent integrated‐genome analysis has revealed mutations in many genes involved in the T‐cell signaling pathway, suggesting that the aberration of this pathway is an important factor in ATL pathogenesis and ATL‐cell proliferation. We screened a siRNA library to examine signaling‐pathway functionality and found that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is critical to ATL‐cell proliferation. We therefore investigated the effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, including the dual inhibitors PP242 and AZD8055 and the mTORC1 inhibitors rapamycin and everolimus, on human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1)‐infected‐cell and ATL‐cell lines. Both dual inhibitors inhibited the proliferation of all tested cell lines by inducing G1‐phase cell‐cycle arrest and subsequent cell apoptosis, whereas the effects of the 2 mTORC1 inhibitors were limited, as they did not induce cell apoptosis. In the ATL‐cell lines and in the primary ATL samples, both dual inhibitors inhibited phosphorylation of AKT at serine‐473, a target of mTORC2, as well as that of S6K, whereas the mTORC1 inhibitors only inhibited mTORC1. Furthermore, AZD8055 more significantly inhibited the in vivo growth of the ATL‐cell xenografts than did everolimus. These results indicate that the PI3K/mTOR pathway is critical to ATL‐cell proliferation and might thus be a new therapeutic target in ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kawata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Hishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Sato
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Takiuchi Y, Kobayashi M, Tada K, Iwai F, Sakurada M, Hirabayashi S, Nagata K, Shirakawa K, Shindo K, Yasunaga JI, Murakawa Y, Rajapakse V, Pommier Y, Matsuoka M, Takaori-Kondo A. HTLV-1 bZIP factor suppresses TDP1 expression through inhibition of NRF-1 in adult T-cell leukemia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12849. [PMID: 28993637 PMCID: PMC5634466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We recently reported that abacavir, an anti-HIV-1 drug, potently and selectively kills ATL cells. This effect was attributed to the reduced expression of tyrosyl-DNA-phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1), a DNA repair enzyme, in ATL cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the downregulation of TDP1 in ATL cells remains elusive. Here we identified the core promoter of the TDP1 gene, which contains a conserved nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) binding site. Overexpression of NRF-1 increased TDP1-promoter activity, whereas the introduction of dominant-negative NRF-1 repressed such activity. Overexpression of NRF-1 also upregulated endogenous TDP-1 expression, while introduction of shNRF-1 suppressed TDP1 in Jurkat T cells, making them susceptible to abacavir. These results indicate that NRF-1 is a positive transcriptional regulator of TDP1-gene expression. Importantly, we revealed that HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) protein which is expressed in all ATL cases physically interacts with NRF-1 and inhibits the DNA-binding ability of NRF-1. Taken together, HBZ suppresses TDP1 expression by inhibiting NRF-1 function in ATL cells. The HBZ/NRF-1/TDP1 axis provides new therapeutic targets against ATL and might explain genomic instability leading to the pathogenesis of ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Vinodh Rajapakse
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, Room 5068, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, Room 5068, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Matsuno S, Yamane M, Muramatsu T, Okamura A, Kashima Y, Sakurada M, Kijima M, Tanabe M, Mutoh M, Habara M. P4220Feasibility of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in chronic kidney disease patients: sub-analysis of Japanese multicenter registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Matsuno
- Cardiovascular Institute, Dept. of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Yamane
- Saitama Sekishinkai Hospital, Cardiology Department, Saitama, Japan
| | - T. Muramatsu
- Tokyo General Hospital, Cardiovascular Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Okamura
- Sakurabashi-Watanabe Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Kashima
- Sapporo CardioVascular Clinic, Division of Cardiology, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M. Sakurada
- Tokorozawa Heart Center, Dept. of Cardiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Kijima
- Hoshi General Hospital, Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - M. Tanabe
- Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Dept. of Cardiology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M. Mutoh
- Saitama Prefecture Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Division of Cardiology, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Habara
- Toyohashi Heart Center, Dept. of Cardiology, Aichi, Japan
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8
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Katoh H, Yamane M, Muramatsu T, Okamura A, Kashima Y, Matsuno S, Sakurada M, Kijima M, Tanabe M, Habara M. P4222Examination of chronic total occlusion cases who were switched to antegrade approach after failure of retrograde procedure from the Japanese Retrograde Summit Registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Kondo T, Takahashi M, Kuse A, Morichika M, Nakagawa K, Sakurada M, Kaszynski R, Sugimoto M, Asano M, Ueno Y. An autopsy case of right ventricular cardiac metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the left hand. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejfs.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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10
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Nishida T, Ayaori M, Shiotani K, Uto-Kondo H, Sasaki M, Komatsu T, Endo Y, Ito M, Ishizuka M, Sakurada M, Ikewaki K. Beneficial effect of azilsartan and amlodipine on endothelial function in hypertensive patients. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Kunio M, Shimazaki N, Arai T, Sakurada M. Novel short-duration heating balloon dilatation with uniform temperature distribution: the heating conditions to suppress neo-intimal hyperplasia. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2011:349-52. [PMID: 22254320 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6090115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the relation between the influences on smooth muscle cells and the chronic performances of our novel short-duration heating balloon dilatation to reveal the heating conditions which can suppress the neo-intimal hyperplasia after our heating dilatations. The temperature of prototype balloon catheter surface was measured during short-duration heating balloon dilatation ex vivo. There existed 2 °C temperature variations in the long direction of prototype balloon catheter at a maximum. The neo-intimal hyperplasia occupancy rate after our short-duration heating dilatations were measured in vivo porcine study. The neo-intimal hyperplasia was suppressed most at 75 °C in balloon peak temperature in vivo. The estimated dead rate of smooth muscle cells at this condition was about 13% by the Arrhenius equation. We think that the suppression of neo-intimal hyperplasia was obtained after our short-duration heating dilatation due to the proper decrease of smooth muscle cells by heating and no thermal damages to the adventitia and surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunio
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, School of Fundamental Science andTechnology, KEIO University, Japan. m.kunio@ arai.appi.keio.ac.jp
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12
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Okumura T, Hisaoka T, Yamada A, Naito T, Isonuma H, Okumura S, Miura K, Sakurada M, Maekawa H, Ishimatsu S, Takasu N, Suzuki K. The Tokyo subway sarin attack--lessons learned. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 207:471-6. [PMID: 15979676 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2004] [Revised: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sarin gas attack in the Tokyo subway system is reviewed from a clinical toxicology perspective. Based on the lessons learned from this attack, the following areas should be addressed on a global scale. First, an adequate supply of protective equipment is required, including level B protective equipment with a pressure demand breathing apparatus. In addition, a system should be established that enables a possible cause to be determined based on symptoms, physical findings, general laboratory tests, and a simple qualitative analysis for poisonous substances. If an antidote is needed, the system should enable it to be administered to the victims as quickly as possible. Preparation for a large-scale chemical attack by terrorists requires the prior establishment of a detailed decontamination plan that utilizes not only mass decontamination facilities but also public facilities in the area. A system should be established for summarizing, evaluating, and disseminating information on poisonous substances. Finally, a large-scale scientific investigation of the Tokyo sarin attack should be conducted to examine its long-term and subclinical effects and the effects of exposure to asymptomatic low levels of sarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okumura
- Department of Acute and Disaster Medicine, Emergency Department, Jutendo University Hospital, Bunkyo-city, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan.
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13
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Minegishi K, Yoshikawa A, Kishimoto S, Yugi H, Yokoya N, Sakurada M, Kiyokawa H, Nishioka K. Superiority of minipool nucleic acid amplification technology for hepatitis B virus over chemiluminescence immunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen screening. Vox Sang 2003; 84:287-91. [PMID: 12757502 DOI: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2003.00289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The Japanese Red Cross (JRC) have developed a fully automated multiplex (MPX) nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) system for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). This is used to test serologically negative blood units from volunteer, non-remunerated donors. The system utilizes a 50-sample pool for NAT screening with an input volume of each pool. This results in a significantly higher sensitivity for hepatitis B than that seen with highly sensitive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 1 February 2000 to 15 October 2001, over 11 million donations, which were serologically negative, were tested using the MPX NAT system. Donations found to be HBV DNA positive were further tested by using the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). RESULTS Out of 181 HBV DNA-positive donations, 96 (53%) and 76 (42%) were negative by individual enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and CLIA testing, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The sensitivity of the 50-sample pool MPX NAT system was higher than that of individual HBsAg screening by CLIA. By adopting this NAT-screening system, the JRC has improved the safety of the blood supply and maintained supply across Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Minegishi
- Japanese Red Cross Headquarter, Blood Services Department, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Kondo T, Sakurada M, Okamoto S, Ono M, Tsukigi H, Suzuki A, Nagasawa H, Sakuda S. Effects of aflastatin A, an inhibitor of aflatoxin production, on aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway and glucose metabolism in Aspergillus parasiticus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2001; 54:650-7. [PMID: 11592501 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.54.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aflastatin A inhibits aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus via an unknown mechanism. We found that aflastatin A clearly inhibited production of norsolorinic acid, an early biosynthetic intermediate of aflatoxin, at a concentration of 0.25 microg/ml. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and real-time quantitative PCR (TaqMan PCR) experiments indicated that the transcription of genes encoding aflatoxin biosynthetic enzymes (pksA, ver-1, and omtA) and a gene encoding a regulatory protein for expression of the biosynthetic enzymes (aflR) were significantly reduced by the addition of aflastatin A. We also found that aflastatin A elevated the glucose consumption and ethanol accumulation by A. parasiticus, and repressed transcription of genes involved in ethanol utilization. These results suggest that aflastatin A inhibits a very early step in aflatoxin biosynthesis prior to the transcription of aflR and can influence glucose metabolism in the fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kondo
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Filipsson K, Kikuchi M, Ahrén B. Intraperitoneal PACAP administration decreases blood glucose in GK rats, and in normal and high fat diet mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 921:259-63. [PMID: 11193831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06974.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PACAP is an islet peptide that serves as an endogenous amplifier of glucose induced insulin secretion. Furthermore, we has recently found that PACAP also potentiates insulin stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. Therefore, an antidiabetic action of PACAP is possible. In the present study, we examined the effect of PACAP treatment of the hyperglycemia in GK rats, an animal model of type 2 diabetes, and in high fat fed C47BL/6J mice, an animal model for glucose intolerance. GK rats housed with normal diet exhibited a normal level of blood glucose until three weeks old but significant hyperglycemia at eight weeks. When GK rats were treated with daily PACAP38 (i.p. injection, 6 pmol/kg) from age three weeks, development of hyperglycemia was prevented. In high fat fed mice, i.p. administration of PACAP27 for five (25 nmol/kg twice daily) reduced plasma glucose levels to 6.9 +/- 0.2 mmol/l compared to 8.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/l in saline injected animals (p < 0.001) without altering baseline insulin levels. We conclude that PACAP reduces circulating glucose in animal models of type 2 diabetes and glucose intolerance. The mechanism of this action needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
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16
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Zhang Z, Ohkohchi N, Sakurada M, Mizuno Y, Miyagi T, Satomi S, Okazaki H. Diagnosis of acute rejection by analysis of urinary DNA of donor origin in renal transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:380-1. [PMID: 11266871 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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17
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Sakuda S, Ikeda H, Nakamura T, Kawachi R, Kondo T, Ono M, Sakurada M, Inagaki H, Ito R, Nagasawa H. Blasticidin A derivatives with highly specific inhibitory activity toward aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2000; 53:1378-84. [PMID: 11217803 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.53.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Blasticidin A (1), an antibiotic, has strong inhibitory activity toward aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. We prepared some derivatives of 1 and examined their biological activities. Among them, derivatives 3 and 4 without the tetramic acid moiety of 1 maintained inhibitory activity toward aflatoxin production, but did not show antifungal activity or toxicity. RT-PCR experiments indicated that derivatives 3 and 4 as well as 1 significantly reduced the expression of genes encoding aflatoxin biosynthetic enzymes (pksA, ver-1 and omtA) and a regulatory gene (aflR) in A. parasiticus. These results suggested that derivatives 3 and 4 can inhibit aflatoxin production more specifically than 1 by inhibiting an early step prior to the expression of aflR in the pathway of aflatoxin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Ohkohchi N, Shibuya H, Tsukamoto S, Sakurada M, Oikawa K, Terashima T, Satomi S. Kupffer's cells modulate neutrophile activity by superoxide anion and tumor necrosis factor-delta in reperfusion injury of liver transplantation-mechanisms of radical generation and reperfusion injury after cold ischemia. Transplant Proc 1999; 31:1055-8. [PMID: 10083472 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Ohkohchi
- Second Department of Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
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20
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Abstract
NaIO4 oxidation of allosamidin (1), a strong inhibitor of family 18 chitinases, followed by a coupling with Biotin Hydrazide afforded its mono- and dibiotinylated derivatives, 4 and 6. Reduction of 4 by NaBH4 afforded its reduced form 5. Each of these three biotinylated derivatives maintained strong chitinase inhibitory activity. Especially, 6 inhibited a Trichoderma chitinase as strongly as 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Kawagishi N, Ohkohchi N, Fujimori K, Doi H, Sakurada M, Kikuchi H, Oikawa K, Takayama J, Satomi S. Safety of the donor operation in living-related liver transplantation: analysis of 22 donors. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3279-80. [PMID: 9838449 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Kawagishi
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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22
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Takayama J, Ohkohchi N, Oikawa K, Asakura T, Kawagishi N, Kikuchi H, Koyamada N, Orii T, Sakurada M, Doi H, Fujimori K, Katoh H, Satake M, Satomi S. Living related liver transplantation in patients with ABO incompatibility. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3504-6. [PMID: 9838537 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Takayama
- Second Department of Surgery, Tohoku University, School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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23
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Sakurada M, Morgavi DP, Ushirone N, Komatani K, Tomita Y, Onodera R. Purification and characteristics of membrane-bound chitinase of anaerobic ruminal fungus Piromyces communis OTS1. Curr Microbiol 1998; 37:60-3. [PMID: 9625792 DOI: 10.1007/s002849900338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A membrane-bound chitinase from cell wall fractions of the anaerobic ruminal fungus, Piromyces communis OTS1, was purified by affinity chromatography, gel filtration, and chromatofocusing. The molecular size of the chitinase was estimated by gel filtration to be 42.4 kDa and by SDS-PAGE to be 44.8 kDa, and its pI was 4.4. Activity was inhibited by Hg2+ and allosamidin. The activity at 39 degrees C was greatest at pH 6.0. It had an 'endo' type action. Solubilization tests indicated that plasmalemma-bound chitinase was held in place by an electrostatic type interaction. Characterization of the membrane-bound chitinase was more similar to that of extracellular chitinase than cytosolic chitinase. This suggested that membrane-bound chitinase was the origin of extracellular chitinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki 889-21, Japan
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24
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Kawaguchi Y, Hara M, Harigai M, Sakurada M, Nakamura H, Kashiwazaki S. Corticosteroid pulse therapy in a patient with SLE and pulmonary hypertension. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1998; 16:510. [PMID: 9706442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Nakata M, Yaekura K, Kikuchi M. PACAP as low as 10(-13) M raises cytosolic Ca2+ activity in pancreatic B-cells by augmenting Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels to trigger insulin release. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 426:165-71. [PMID: 9544270 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1819-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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26
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Nakatome M, Honda K, Tun Z, Sakurada M, Harihara S. Comparison of a hypervariable segment in the human dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene between the Japanese and Mongolian populations. Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi 1998; 52:133-8. [PMID: 9711064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Amplifiable length polymorphism (AmpFLP) genotyping and direct sequencing of a hypervariable segment in the human dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene were performed from genomic DNA of 100 unrelated Japanese and Mongolian individuals. The 4-repeat allele (314 bp) was the most prevalent and appeared at 0.88 and 0.82 in the Japanese and Mongolian populations, respectively. Homogeneity test of distribution showed no significant deviation from the observed frequencies of genotypes between the Japanese and Mongolian populations, but sequence analysis of the 4-repeat allele indicated that there could be ethnic differences between the two populations at the nucleotide level. The DRD4 allele and genotype frequencies in 10 patients with Parkinson's disease did not differ from those in the control Japanese population. In one Parkinsonian patient, however, a nucleotide change in one of the 4-repeat alleles was discovered. These results suggest that there could be ethnic and/or individual differences in the specific nucleotide changes within the repeat sequence because some alleles with the same number of repeat units had sequence variations. Thus, the DRD4 polymorphism exists at two levels and therefore could be a useful marker for forensic identification and anthropological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakatome
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
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27
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Kiyama H, Ohshima N, Sakurada M, Kagawa N, Imazeki T, Yamada T. [A case of progressive right coronary ostial stenosis after Carrel patch method using gelatin-resorcin-formalin glue]. Kyobu Geka 1998; 51:102-5. [PMID: 9492456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A 31-year-old man with type A chronic aortic dissection associated with annuloaortic ectasia underwent the concomitant graft replacement of the total aortic root and the transverse aortic arch. The two coronary arteries were reconstructed using the Carrel patch method. The false lumen of right coronary artery was closed by injection of GRF glue into the dissected space and compressing the dissected layers. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient has returned to normal daily life 2 months after surgery. Remarkable progression of the right coronary artery ostial stenosis was observed by coronary angiography 6 months after surgery. The remarkable progression of stenosis may occur in association with injection of GRF glue into the dissected space, although the exact etiology of the progressive stenosis remains obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sekishinkai Sayama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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28
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Mizuno K, Ohkuni S, Imaizumi T, Arai T, Sakurada M. Novel multi-manipulatable functioned percutaneous transluminal coronary angioscope. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)80513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Tsukuda K, Sakurada M, Niki I, Oka Y, Kikuchi M. Insulin secretion from isolated rat islets induced by the novel hypoglycemic agent A-4166, a derivative of D-phenylalanine. Horm Metab Res 1998; 30:42-9. [PMID: 9503038 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-978829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A derivative of D-phenylalanine, A-4166, reportedly evokes a more rapid and short-lived hypoglycemic action in vivo than any of the currently available sulfonylureas. This novel oral hypoglycemic agent is structurally different from sulfonylureas. Therefore, studies were designed to elucidate the mechanisms by which A-4166 stimulates insulin secretion. Insulin release from incubated or perifused rat islets was dose-dependently stimulated by 10 to 200 mumol/l A-4166, in the presence of 2.8 mmol/l glucose. Both A-4166 and tolbutamide evoke a prompt rise in insulin secretion followed by a sustained gradually decreasing release from perfused islets in the presence of low glucose, although A-4166 appeared to be more sensitive than tolbutamide to subthreshold glucose concentration. Diazoxide abolished the initial release and blunted sustained release. Removing calcium from the perifusate abolished insulin release within 15 minutes. A-4166 inhibited [3H]-glibenclamide binding to HIT cell membranes and 86Rb efflux from ATP-depleted or diazoxide-treated cells. These results suggest that the insulin release induced by A-4166 is relevant to this agent occupying the tolbutamide binding sites. Therefore, one possible mechanism accounting for the more rapid and short-lived hypoglycemic action of A-4166 in vivo, as compared with tolbutamide, may involve the reported differences in the bioavailability of A-4166.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsukuda
- Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Ishihara H, Nakata M, Shioda S, Yaekura K, Hamakawa N, Yanagida K, Kikuchi M, Oka Y. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an islet substance serving as an intra-islet amplifier of glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats. J Physiol 1997; 505 ( Pt 2):319-28. [PMID: 9423175 PMCID: PMC1160066 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.319bb.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
1. We examined whether pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide with 38 or 27 residues (PACAP-38 or PACAP-27) serves as an intra-islet regulator of glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats. PACAP antiserum specific for PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 was used to neutralize the effect of endogenous PACAP in islets. PACAP release from islets was bioassayed using the response of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in single beta-cells, monitored by dual-wavelength fura-2 microfluorometry. Expression of PACAP mRNA was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while expression of PACAP was studied by metabolic labelling and immunoblotting. Localization of PACAP receptors was studied immunohistochemically. 2. High glucose-stimulated insulin release from isolated islets was attenuated by PACAP antiserum but not by non-immune sera. 3. The islet incubation medium with high glucose (Med) possessed a capacity, which was neutralized by PACAP antiserum, to increase [Ca2+]i in beta-cells. PACAP antiserum also neutralized the [Ca2+]i-increasing action of synthetic PACAP-38 and PACAP-27, but not that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and glucagon. 4. Both Med and synthetic PACAP increased [Ca2+]i in beta-cells only in the presence of stimulatory, but not basal, glucose concentrations. In contrast, ATP, a substance that is known to be released from beta-cells, increased [Ca2+]i in beta-cells at both and stimulatory glucose concentrations. 5. Expression of PACAP mRNA and biosynthesis of PACAP-38 were detected in islets and a beta-cell line, MIN6. 6. Immunoreactivity for PACAP-selective type-I receptor was observed in islets. 7. [Ca2+]i measurements combined with immunocytochemistry with insulin antiserum revealed a substantial population of glucose-unresponsive beta-cells, many of which were recruited by PACAP-38 into [Ca2+]i responses. 8. These results indicate that PACAP-38 is a novel islet substance that is synthesized and released by islet cells and then, in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner, potentiates and arouses beta-cell responses to glucose, thereby amplifying glucose-induced insulin secretion in islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
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31
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Abstract
The columnar and layer-specific response properties of neurons in the primary auditory cortex (AI) of Mongolian gerbils were studied using single-unit recordings of responses to tone-burst stimuli presented to the ear contralateral to the recording side. During near-radial microelectrode penetrations of the AI in 100-microm steps, the best frequency (BF), best threshold (BT), best amplitude (BA), latency, tuning curve and Q10dB were recorded. Neurons encountered during single penetrations showed similar BFs, indicating a columnar frequency organization, but their latencies and Q10dBs differed. The BAs and BTs recorded within single penetrations often showed a similar value in the middle cortical layers. The latencies and Q10dBs of these neurons exhibited a tendency toward a layer-specific distribution. The latencies of neurons located in layers I-V were longer than those located in layer VI. The Q10dBs of neurons located in layers III and IV were higher than those located in layers I and VI. These results are almost consistent with those of previous studies on frequency representation, and indicated the existence of an integrative mechanism of frequency processing in the AI. This is the first study in which a layer-specific, partially columnar organization for stimulus amplitude is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sugimoto
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
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32
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Sakurada M, Morgavi DP, Komatani K, Tomita Y, Onodera R. Purification and characteristics of an autolytic chitinase of Piromyces communis OTS1 from culture medium. Curr Microbiol 1997; 35:48-51. [PMID: 9175560 DOI: 10.1007/s002849900210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An autolysis chitinase was purified from the cultural medium of the anaerobic fungus Piromyces communis OTS1 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography with regenerated chitin, chromato-focusing, gel filtration, and chromato-focusing again. The optimal pH and temperature were 6.0 and 50 degrees C, respectively, for a 20-min assay. The chitinase was stable from pH 6.0 to 8.0, but was unstable at 70 degrees C for 20 min. The molecular mass of chitinase was estimated by SDS-PAGE to be 44.9 kDa, and its pI was 4.4. The enzyme activity, which was of the 'endo' type, was inhibited by Hg2+ and allosamidin. The chitinase hydrolyzes chitin powder and fungal cell walls at a higher rate than an artificial chitin substrate. It can be concluded that extracellular chitinase is similar to cytosolic chitinase, but they are not the same protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Animal Science Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Nishi 1-1, Gakuen Kibana-dai, Miyazaki 889-21, Japan
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33
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Sakurada M, Okazaki H, Sato T, Miura S, Amada N, Ohkohchi N, Satomi S. Peripheral blood chimerism in renal allograft recipients transfused with donor-specific blood. Transplant Proc 1997; 29:1187-8. [PMID: 9123266 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(96)00538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Department of Surgery, Sendai Shakaihoken Hospital, Japan
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34
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Miura S, Okazaki H, Sato T, Amada N, Sakurada M. Successful renal transplantation in presensitized recipients with double-filtration plasmapheresis and 15-deoxyspergualin. Transplant Proc 1997; 29:350-1. [PMID: 9123034 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(96)00303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Miura
- Department of Surgery, Sendai Shakaihoken Hospital, Japan
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35
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Nakata M, Ihida K, Yaekura K, Shioda S, Kikuchi M. Current status of PACAP as a regulator of insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1996; 805:329-40; discussion 341-2. [PMID: 8993414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb17494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PACAP-27 and PACAP-38 as low as 10(-13) M stimulate insulin release from rat islets in a glucose-dependent manner. PACAP also glucose dependently increases cAMP and [Ca2+]i in rat islet beta cells. The [Ca2+]i and insulin secretory responses to PACAP exhibit a similar concentration-response relationship, exhibiting a peak at 10(-13) M. When the [Ca2+]i response is abolished by nitrendipine, a blocker of L-type Ca2+ channels, the insulin response is also inhibited. Insulinotropic peptides glucagon, GLP-1, and VIP also increase [Ca2+]i in beta cells, but only in the nanomolar concentration range. PACAP is 4 logs more potent that VIP, a peptide that exhibits 68% amino acid homology and shares the type II PACAP receptor with PACAP. Immunoreactivity for the type I PACAP receptor is demonstrated in rat islets. Furthermore, PACAP immunoreactivity is demonstrated in nerve fibers and islets in rat pancreas. Based on these findings, we can draw the following conclusions: (1) PACAP is localized in pancreatic nerve fibers and islets; (2) PACAP in the subpicomolar range stimulates insulin release from islets; (3) the stimulation of insulin release is mediated by the cAMP-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i in beta cells; (4) all the PACAP effects are glucose-dependent; (5) PACAP is the most potent insulinotropic hormone known, and (6) the type I PACAP receptor appears to mediate the action of PACAP in the subpicomolar range. Finally, we hypothesize that PACAP is a pancreatic peptide of both neural and islet origin and functions as an intrinsic potentiator of glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets (FIG 6).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Sakurada M, Morgavi DP, Ohishi T, Onodera R. Autolysis in the anaerobic fungus piromyces communis OTS1 : Presence of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.1996.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Abstract
A chitinase was purified from the cytosolic fraction of the anaerobic rumen fungus Piromyces communis OTS1 by affinity chromatography using regenerated chitin, gel filtration and chromatofocusing. The chitinase was most active at pH 6.2 and at 60 degrees C in a 20-min assay. The molecular mass of the purified protein was estimated by SDS-PAGE to be 42 kDa and its pI was 4.9. The enzyme activity, which was of the 'endo' type, was inhibited by Ag+, Hg2+ and allosamidin. N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and 'exo' type chitinase activity were absent from the purified preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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38
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Abstract
Homogenates from a mixed ruminal protozoal population and a ruminal protozoon Entodinium caudatum were analyzed for chitinolytic and lysozyme activities by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. For chitinase activity, up to eight bands in mixed protozoa and seven bands in E. caudatum were detected. Estimated molecular mass ranged from 70 to 110 kDa. These enzymes did not display lysozyme activity. N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity was also detected in both samples with an estimated molecular mass of 37 kDa. Lysozyme activity in mixed protozoa was present in two major and three minor bands, where one major band displayed the same motility as chicken egg white (CEW) lysozyme, and the other had an approximate molecular mass of 17.5 kDa. The latter remained active even when denatured in the presence of dithiothreitol and renatured under anaerobic conditions. Entodinium caudatum presented one major band coincident with that of CEW lysozyme and a minor band at the 17.5-kDa point. This study showed that protozoal chitinase and lysozyme activities are originated from several enzymes and that none of these enzymes exhibited both activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Morgavi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Miyazaki University, Japan
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39
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Abstract
The anaerobic rumen fungus, Piromyces communis OTS1, was isolated from a fistulated goat. Its chitinolytic activity in the supernatant of media containing different types of chitin was studied. The fungus grew well in our basal medium, with and without colloidal chitin and chitin powder. N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity was not detected in any of the culture media. Chitinase activity, however, was detected in the basal medium with and without colloidal chitin and chitin powder. The extracellular chitinase concentrated from the fungal culture's supernatant by ammonium sulfate (80% saturation) showed highest activity at 40 degrees C and at pH 5.5. In the other cell fractions of P. communis OTS1, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was not detected, but chitinase activity was detected by 4-methylumbelliferyl reagents. Thus, it was found that the rumen fungus P. communis OTS1 has chitinase activity. Chitinases from the extracellular, cytosolic, and the microsomal fractions were mainly of the endo type of chitinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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40
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Imazeki T, Yokoyama M, Murai N, Kurimoto Y, Sakurada M, Simizu Y. [Results of emergency coronary artery bypass surgery after failed coronary angioplasty]. Kyobu Geka 1995; 48:467-71. [PMID: 7602859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the past 7 years, 9 emergent or urgent coronary artery bypass operations after failed percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) were performed among 947 (PTCA). Since the introduction of coronary perfusion catheter system for the support of coronary perfusion during PTCA we could reduce the number of emergent cases and these patients could be operated on semi-emergently and securely without endangering co-medical staffs in a hurry. It is also unnecessary to be on standby all the time when the PTCA is being undertaken. Two acute myocardial infarction cases died in the early phase of this study (operative mortality 22%) and none after the introduction of coronary perfusion system during PTCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Imazeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyou University of Medicine, Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
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41
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Sakurada M, Tsuzuki Y, Morgavi DP, Tomita Y, Onodera R. Simple method for cryopreservation of an anaerobic rumen fungus using ethylene glycol and rumen fluid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1995; 127:171-4. [PMID: 7758930 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07469.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The cryopreservation of an anaerobic rumen fungus, Piromyces communis OTS1, was examined at -84 degrees C using dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol or ethylene glycol as cryoprotectants. Ethylene glycol was the most effective agent, combining high survival and low toxicity, followed by dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene glycol. Cell-free rumen fluid in the cryopreservation medium decreased the toxicity of the cryoprotectant agents and also had a protective action per se. A survival of 80% after 1 year storage was obtained when samples with an initial zoospore density of 5 x 10(4) zoospores/ml were equilibrated for 15 min in medium containing 0.64 M ethylene glycol and 5% cell-free rumen fluid, then frozen with dry ice and stored at -84 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakurada
- Animal Science Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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42
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Katoh H, Ohkohchi N, Hirano T, Sakurada M, Orii T, Koyamada N, Fujimori K, Takemura M, Endoh T, Satomi S. Viability of partial liver graft from living donor in pigs. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1995; 175:179-84. [PMID: 7792787 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.175.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
For evaluation of the viability of partial liver graft from a living donor, we investigated energy production of mitochondria and radical scavenging enzyme activities in partial and whole liver transplantation in pigs. The values of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide (TAN) of the partial liver graft were higher than those of the whole liver graft, whereas the hypoxanthine of the partial liver graft was lower than that of the whole liver graft. There was no statistical difference in the radical scavenging enzyme activities between the two groups. The values of respiratory control ratio (RCR) in both groups were above 3.0 and there was no statistical difference. The survival rates of pigs received partial liver and whole liver graft with 2 to 3 hr cold preservation was 71% and 91%, respectively and there was no statistical difference between two groups. These results suggest that viabilities of the partial liver graft from the living donor are satisfactory enough, compared with those of whole liver graft from a cadaver.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Katoh
- Second Department of Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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43
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Tokat Y, Soin A, Saxena R, Watson CJ, Rasmussen A, Sakurada M, Wight D, Friend PJ, Jamieson NV, Calne RY. Posttransplant problems requiring regrafting: an analysis of 72 patients with 96 liver retransplants. Transplant Proc 1995; 27:1264-5. [PMID: 7878877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Tokat
- University of Cambridge, Department of Surgery and Pathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, United Kingdom
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44
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Ohkohchi N, Sakurada M, Koyamada M, Katoh H, Koizumi M, Hirano T, Orii T, Kanno M, Terashima T, Satoh K. The importance of prevention of sinusoidal endothelial cell injury during cold preservation of liver graft. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1994; 174:317-31. [PMID: 7732514 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.174.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, lipid peroxidation, and activities of radical scavenging enzymes in mitochondria, as well as the ultrastructural morphological changes during cold preservation of swine liver grafts (n = 6) with either Euro Collins (EC) or University of Wisconsin (UW) solutions. The liver, harvested by a standard procedure, was preserved in one of the solutions at 4 degrees C. The values of the total adenine nucleotide and mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (RCR), an index of ATP synthesis, decreased gradually for up to 24 hr during preservation with either of the two solutions and there was no statistical difference between them. Chemiluminescence of mitochondria, an index of lipid peroxidation, in the graft preserved with EC solution or UW solution decreased, and after 24 hr there was no significant difference between the two solutions. Activities of radical scavenging enzymes were well maintained in any of the two solutions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) findings showed that the sinusoidal endothelial cells were preserved much better with UW solution than with EC solution even after 12 hr preservation. We concluded that UW solution, more effective for the protection against injuries of the sinusoidal endothelial cells during cold preservation, leads to better results in clinical transplantation, but this solution has no protective effects on energy production, nor radical scavenging enzyme activities of mitochondria. In the maintenance of liver graft viability, protection of the sinusoidal microcirculatory disturbance is more important than that of the mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ohkohchi
- Second Department of Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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45
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Morgavi DP, Sakurada M, Mizokami M, Tomita Y, Onodera R. Effects of ruminal protozoa on cellulose degradation and the growth of an anaerobic ruminal fungus, Piromyces sp. strain OTS1, in vitro. Appl Environ Microbiol 1994; 60:3718-23. [PMID: 7986044 PMCID: PMC201878 DOI: 10.1128/aem.60.10.3718-3723.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An anaerobic rumen fungus, Piromyces sp. strain OTS1, was incubated in the presence or absence of a mixed, A-type, protozoal population obtained from a goat, in a medium containing filter paper cellulose as energy source and antibiotics to suppress bacterial growth. Fermentation end products, cellulose degradation, and chitin as an indicator of fungal biomass were examined. In the presence of protozoa, total volatile fatty acids, notably propionate and butyrate, increased, and lactate decreased. In fungus-protozoan coincubations, formate was not detected at the end of the experiment and the amount of reducing sugars remained low throughout the incubation period. The fungal growth in the coincubations was negatively affected. While protozoal predation on zoospores was one mechanism of inhibition, mature fungal cells were also affected. Total cellulose degradation was greater in fungal monocultures, but the amount of cellulose degraded per unit of fungal biomass was 25% larger in the coincubations. The negative effects that the protozoal predatory activity had on the fungal growth and subsequently on the amount of cellulose degraded by Piromyces sp. strain OTS1 were partially attenuated by the protozoal fibrolytic activity or by an enhanced fungal activity due to a more favorable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Morgavi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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46
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Shimada F, Kanatsuka A, Sakurada M, Hashimoto N, Sano H, Hatanaka Y, Miki T, Makino H, Yoshida S. Insulin response to intravenous glucose injection in a family with a glucokinase mutation. Horm Metab Res 1994; 26:392-4. [PMID: 7806138 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1001715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Shimada
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan
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47
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Morgavi DP, Sakurada M, Tomita Y, Onodera R. Presence in rumen bacterial and protozoal populations of enzymes capable of degrading fungal cell walls. Microbiology (Reading) 1994; 140 ( Pt 3):631-6. [PMID: 8012585 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-140-3-631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ruminal bacteria and protozoa, and cell-free rumen fluid, were tested for the presence of enzymes involved in the degradation of the fungal cell wall. Protozoal homogenate obtained by ultrasonication showed chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52) activities when assayed with fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferyl substrates. The chitinase activity was predominantly of the 'exo'-type. Lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and 1,3-beta-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39) activities were also present in this fraction. All these activities, except lysozyme activity, were recovered mainly in the supernatant fraction of the homogenate (approximately 85% of the total activity). Lysozyme showed the same amount of activity in the precipitate and supernatant fractions. Bacterial homogenates had N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity in both supernatant and precipitate fractions. The specific activity was one-third that of the protozoa. Bacteria able to grow in a medium with chitin as the sole carbon source were recognized and counted. Cell-free rumen fluid was unable to degrade any of the substrates tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Morgavi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University Japan
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48
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Ihida K, Nakata M, Murata F, Arimura A, Kikuchi M. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide is an extraordinarily potent intra-pancreatic regulator of insulin secretion from islet beta-cells. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:1290-3. [PMID: 8288592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin secretion from pancreatic islets is controlled by peptides as well as by nutrients. We report here a novel, extraordinarily potent peptidergic regulation of insulin secretion. A 27-residue form of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP27) as low as 10(-14) to 10(-13) M stimulated insulin release from rat islets in a glucose-dependent manner. PACAP27 also increased cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in islet beta-cells. Nitrendipine, a blocker of the L-type Ca2+ channel, abolished both [Ca2+]i and insulin responses. Vasoactive intestinal peptide, a peptide exhibiting 68% amino acid homology with PACAP, also increased [Ca2+]i in beta-cells but only at concentrations in the nanomolar range, indicating that PACAP27 is 4 logs more potent. A 38-residue form of the peptide (PACAP38) stimulated insulin release and increased beta-cell [Ca2+]i in a manner similar to that of PACAP27. PACAP-like immunoreactivity was demonstrated in pancreatic nerve fibers, islets, and capillaries. The results indicate that PACAP is a physiologically occurring peptide in pancreas and that PACAP, in a glucose-dependent manner, activates beta-cells presumably via a high affinity PACAP-selective receptor, raises [Ca2+]i by increasing the activity of L-type Ca2+ channels, and consequently stimulates insulin release. PACAP appears to be by far the most potent insulinotropic peptide known.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yada
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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49
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Yada T, Sakurada M, Ihida K, Nakata M, Murata F, Arimura A, Kikuchi M. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide is an extraordinarily potent intra-pancreatic regulator of insulin secretion from islet beta-cells. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)42256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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50
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Miyamoto A, Sakurada M, Arai T, Mizuno K, Kurita A, Nakamura H, Kikuchi M. Efficacy of carbon monoxide laser in selectively intimal thermal welding--implications for laser balloon angioplasty. Jpn Circ J 1993; 57:825-31. [PMID: 8355400 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.57.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Excessive vascular damage causes excessive vascular repair, which results in restenosis. To limit the thickness of the coagulation layer in laser balloon angioplasty, we used a carbon monoxide (CO) laser, which has high tissue absorption, as a therapy laser source instead of a Nd: YAG laser. To investigate the benefit of short-penetration CO laser light to vascular tissue, excised human abdominal aorta was irradiated with a CO laser through a 30 microns polyethylene membrane. The temperature of the vascular tissue was continuously monitored during irradiation. CO laser irradiation of 20 W/cm2 was performed in either a continuous mode or an intermittent mode with various duty ratios (exposure/interval duration). With a total fluence of 200 J/cm2, the adventitial temperature decreased as the duty ratio was reduced. The adventitial temperature at a duty ratio of 1:2 was 43 degrees C. Microscopic examination of aorta which had been intermittently irradiated duty ratio of 1:2 showed thermal coagulation localized within the intima and a flattened intimal surface. These results suggest that intermittent laser irradiation with a CO laser can be used to limit the depth of thermal coagulation, and can selectively weld the intima without excessive thermal damage. Laser balloon angioplasty using a CO laser may help to prevent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Miyamoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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