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de Frutos S, Griera M, Lavín-López MDP, Martínez-Rovira M, Martínez-Rovira JA, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. A new graphene-based nanomaterial increases lipolysis and reduces body weight gain through integrin linked kinase (ILK). Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37306667 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) hypertrophy is caused by the excessive storage of triglycerides (TGs) and is associated with obesity. We previously demonstrated that extracellular matrix mediator integrin beta1 (INTB1) and its downstream effector integrin linked kinase (ILK) are implicated in obesity establishment. We also considered in our previous works that ILK upregulation is a therapeutical strategy to reduce WAT hypertrophy. Carbon based nanomaterials (CNMs) have interesting potential to modify cell differentiation but have been never studied to change the properties of adipocytes. METHODS GMC is a new graphene-based CNM that was tested for biocompatibility and functionality in cultured adipocytes. MTT, TG content, lipolysis quantification, and transcriptional changes were determined. Specific INTB1 blocking antibody and ILK depletion with specific siRNA were used to study the intracellular signalling. We complemented the study using subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) explants from transgenic ILK knockdown mice (cKD-ILK). GMC was topically administrated in the dorsal area of high fat diet-induced obese rats (HFD) for 5 consecutive days. The scWAT weights and some intracellular markers were analyzed after the treatment. RESULTS graphene presence was characterized in GMC. It was non-toxic and effective in reducing TG content in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. GMC rapidly phosphorylated INTB1 and increased the expression and activity of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), the lipolysis subproduct glycerol, and the expression of glycerol and fatty acid transporters. GMC also reduced the expression of adipogenesis markers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were unaffected. ILK was overexpressed, and INTB1 or ILK blockade avoided functional GMC effects. Topical administration of GMC in HFD rats overexpressed ILK in scWAT, and their weight gains were reduced, while systemic (renal, hepatic) toxicity parameters were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS GMC is safe and effective in reducing hypertrophied scWAT weight when topically applied and it can be considered of interest in anti-obesogenic strategies. GMC increases lipolysis and reduces adipogenesis inside adipocytes by mechanisms that imply the activation of INTB1, the overexpression of ILK, and changes in the expression and activity of several markers related to fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio de Frutos
- Department of Systems Biology of Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), RICOR from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Systems Biology of Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), RICOR from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Medicine of Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Nephrology Department at Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), RICOR from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), RICOR from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
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de Frutos S, Griera M, Hatem-Vaquero M, Campillo S, Gutiérrez-Calabres E, García-Ayuso D, Pardo M, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. The integrin beta1 modulator Tirofiban prevents adipogenesis and obesity by the overexpression of integrin-linked kinase: a pre-clinical approach in vitro and in vivo. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:10. [PMID: 35090553 PMCID: PMC8796419 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00746-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is caused by the enlargement of the white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, characterized by the hypertrophic enlargement of malfunctioning adipocytes within WAT which increases the storage of triglycerides (TG) in the lipid droplets (LD). Adipogenesis pathways as well as the expression and activity of some extracellular matrix receptors integrins are upregulated. Integrinβ1 (INTB1) is the main isoform involved in WAT remodeling during obesity and insulin resistance-related diseases. We recently described Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK), a scaffold protein recruited by INTB1, as an important mediator of WAT remodeling and insulin resistance. As the few approved drugs to fight obesity have brought long-term cardiovascular side effects and given that the consideration of INTB1 and/or ILK modulation as anti-obesogenic strategies remains unexplored, we aimed to evaluate the anti-obesogenic capacity of the clinically approved anticoagulant Tirofiban (TF), stated in preclinical studies as a cardiovascular protector. Methods Fully differentiated adipocytes originating from C3H10T1/2 were exposed to TF and were co-treated with specific INTB1 blockers or with siRNA-based knockdown ILK expression. Lipid-specific dyes were used to determine the TG content in LD. The genetic expression pattern of ILK, pro-inflammatory cytokines (MCP1, IL6), adipogenesis (PPARγ, Leptin), thermogenesis (UCP1), proliferation (PCNA), lipid metabolism (FASN, HSL, ATGL), and metabolite transporters (FABP4, FAT, AQP7) were detected using quantitative PCR. Cytoskeletal actin polymerization was detected by confocal microscopy. Immunoblotting was performed to detect INTB1 phosphorylation at Thr788/9 and ILK activity as phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) in Ser473 and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) at Ser9. TF was intraperitoneally administered once per day to wildtype and ILK knockdown mice (cKDILK) challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) or control diet (STD) for 2 weeks. Body and WAT weight gains were compared. The expression of ILK and other markers was determined in the visceral epididymal (epi) and inguinal subcutaneous (sc) WAT. Results TF reduced TG content and the expression of adipogenesis markers and transporters in adipocytes, while UCP-1 expression was increased and the expression of lipases, cytokines or PCNA was not affected. Mechanistically, TF rapidly increased and faded the intracellular phosphorylation of INTB1 but not AKT or GSK3β. F-actin levels were rapidly decreased, and INTB1 blockade avoided the TF effect. After 24 h, ILK expression and phosphorylation rates of AKT and GSK3β were upregulated, while ILK silencing increased TG content. INTB1 blockade and ILK silencing avoided TF effects on the TG content and the transcriptional expression of PPARγ and UCP1. In HFD-challenged mice, the systemic administration of TF for several days reduced the weight gain on WAT depots. TF reduced adipogenesis and pro-inflammatory biomarkers and increased lipolysis markers HSL and FAT in epiWAT from HFD, while increased UCP1 in scWAT. In both WATs, TF upregulated ILK expression and activity, while no changes were observed in other tissues. In HFD-fed cKDILK, the blunted ILK in epiWAT worsened weight gain and avoided the anti-obesogenic effect of in vivo TF administration. Conclusions ILK downregulation in WAT can be considered a biomarker of obesity establishment. Via an INTB1-ILK axis, TF restores malfunctioning hypertrophied WAT by changing the expression of adipocyte-related genes, increasing ILK expression and activity, and reducing TG storage. TF prevents obesity, a property to be added to its anticoagulant and cardiovascular protective advantages. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00746-1.
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Garcia-Marin J, Griera-Merino M, Matamoros-Recio A, de Frutos S, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Alajarín R, Vaquero JJ, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Tripeptides as Integrin-Linked Kinase Modulating Agents Based on a Protein-Protein Interaction with α-Parvin. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1656-1662. [PMID: 34790291 PMCID: PMC8591738 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
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Integrin-linked
kinase (ILK) has emerged as a controversial pseudokinase
protein that plays a crucial role in the signaling process initiated
by integrin-mediated signaling. However, ILK also exhibits a scaffolding
protein function inside cells, controlling cytoskeletal dynamics,
and has been related to non-neoplastic diseases such as chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Although this protein always acts as a heterotrimeric
complex bound to PINCH and parvin adaptor proteins, the role of parvin
proteins is currently not well understood. Using in silico approaches
for the design, we have generated and prepared a set of new tripeptides
mimicking an α-parvin segment. These derivatives exhibit activity
in phenotypic assays in an ILK-dependent manner without altering kinase
activity, thus allowing the generation of new chemical probes and
drug candidates with interesting ILK-modulating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Garcia-Marin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés Manuel del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera-Merino
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Graphenano Medical Care, S.L, Yecla 30510, Spain
| | - Alejandra Matamoros-Recio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
| | - Sergio de Frutos
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) y Instituto de Salud Carlos III (REDinREN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) y Instituto de Salud Carlos III (REDinREN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ramón Alajarín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés Manuel del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
| | - Juan J. Vaquero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés Manuel del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, Unidad de Nefrología del Hospital Príncipe de Asturias y Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28805, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) y Instituto de Salud Carlos III (REDinREN), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Sánchez-Alonso P, Griera M, García-Marín J, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Alajarín R, Vaquero JJ, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxal-5-inium salts and 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines: Synthesis, activity and computational docking for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 44:116295. [PMID: 34246920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) is an interesting therapeutical target for diabetes, obesity, heart disease and cancer. As such, inhibition of PTP1B using orally administered drugs is still being pursued by academia and pharmaceutical companies. The failure of catalytic-site inhibitors led to the focus in this field being switched to allosteric inhibitors. To date, the non-competitive inhibitors that have reached clinical trials target the site formed by the α3/α6/α7 tunnel or the site found in a disordered C-terminal non-catalytic segment. Herein, pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxal-5-inium salts and 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines are synthesized from pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines by alkylation and reduction, respectively. These compounds showed no toxicity in HepG2 cells and exhibited inhibitory activity against PTP1B, with inhibition percentages of between 37% and 53% at 1 μM and activities (IC50) of between 0.25 and 1.90 μM. The inhibitory activity against T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-TPT) was also assayed, with 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines being found to be slightly more active and selective. Compounds from the two series behave as insulin mimetics since they exhibit enhancement of glucose uptake in C2C12 cells. Computational docking studies provide information about the putative binding mode for both series and the preference for the α3/α6/α7 allosteric tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sánchez-Alonso
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier García-Marín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) y REDinREN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Alajarín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan J Vaquero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar Viejo, km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) y REDinREN del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Griera-Merino M, García-Ayuso D, Gutiérrez-Calabrés E, Bohorquez Magro L, Campillo de Blas S, Barrionuevo-González M, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, De Frutos García S. P0020THE NEPHRO-PROTECTIVE ROUTE OF CGMP DOES NOT COMPENSATE NPRHOGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS, BOTH CONDITIONS MEDIATED BY RENAL INTEGRIN LINKED KINASE (ILK). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Renal ILK transgenic deletion on mice (cKD-ILK) address basal polyuria compatible with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), due to disrupted tubular water channel aquaporin 2 (AQP2) AQP2 expression and vesicular trafficking to the apical membrane [Cano-Peñalver JL et al. FASEB J. 2014; Mamuya FA et al. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016]. An early symptom of chronic renal diseases (CKD) is NDI. ILK depletion also have a nephron-protective effect in renal damage in mice due to the increase in cGMP [Cano-Peñalver JL et al. Mol Med. 2016; de Frutos S et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2019], the latter an alternative anti-NDI mediator. Here we demonstrate that ILK-mediated regulation of AQP2, under basal or CKD contexts, does not depend on cGMP.
Method
cKD-ILK and controls (WT) were treated orally with a NO donor, as precursor of cGMP formation (IDN, 300mg / Kg / day) for 24 hours. Urine volume was determined as a measure of tubular functionality. Fresh kidneys from non-treated mice were cultured ex vivo with precursors of cGMP (NO donor SNP, 1 µM or cGMP analogue 8Br-cGMP, 0.2 mM) for 30 minutes. AQP2 in the apical membrane of the tubules was quantified by immunohistochemistry. More cKD-ILK and WT were subjected for 6 weeks to a diet supplemented with 0.2% adenine (A) as CKD inducer or baseline standard diet. Urine volume and total ranal AQP2 levels were determined.
Results
Compared to WT, cGMP axis activation in vivo did not compensate the basal NDI present in cKD-ILK and the activation ex vivo did not improve the apical presence of AQP2 in cKD-ILK. Both WT and cKD-ILK subjected to CKD showed exacerbated polyuria and decreased levels of renal AQP2, but no differences were observed between groups.
Conclusion
ILK regulates AQP2, both in a basal and pathological context (CKD) independent of cGMP which otherwise is nephron-protective. Our results probably explain the co-existence of cGMP increase together with AQP2 decrease observed in the cKD-ILK kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Griera-Merino
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego García-Ayuso
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Elena Gutiérrez-Calabrés
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical research foundation, Alcalá de Henares
| | - Lourdes Bohorquez Magro
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Sofía Campillo de Blas
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Laura Calleros
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical research foundation, Alcalá de Henares
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Nephrology Unit and Department of Medicine from Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical research foundation, Alcalá de Henares
| | - Sergio De Frutos García
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical research foundation, Alcalá de Henares
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Campillo de Blas S, Bohorquez Magro L, Gutiérrez-Calabrés E, García Ayuso D, Vaillo D, Griera-Merino M, De Frutos García S, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Calleros L. P0675LEUCOCYTE PODOSOME FORMATION AND ADHESION TO ENDOTHELIUM IS MEDIATED BY INTEGRIN LINKED KINASE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Patients with CKD have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Protein-bound uremic toxins, such as p-cresol (pc) and indoxyl-sulfate (IS), are retention solutes, poorly removed during hemodialysis. They lead to endothelial dysfunction inducing the expression of adhesion molecules and leucocyte adhesion to endothelium. Monocyte extravasation can be carried out by dynamic adhesion structures called podosomes. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a kinase and an intracellular scaffold protein, links the cell-adhesion receptors, integrins and growth factors to the actin cytoskeleton and to a range of signalling pathways. We demonstrate the role of ILK in the accumulation of integrin-associated proteins inside the podosomes. The aim of this study was to investigate if ILK is involved in uremic toxin-induced leucocyte podosome formation and adhesion under uremic conditions that simulate CKD.
Method
In vitro experiments were carried out in human cell line of leukemic monocytes, THP-1. We tested the effect of uremic toxins on cell viability and ILK expression levels or activation by performing dose and time-response experiments. Cells were exposed to IS (25-100 µg ml-1) plus pc (10-100 µg ml-1) both combined, for different times. ILK expression levels were determined by Western Blot and RT-qPCR and its kinase activity was tested by its downstream effector GSK-3β phosphorylated levels. Cell adhesion of THP-1 cells stained with cell tracker to a monolayer of human endothelial cells (EA.hy926) and podosome formation and cell adhesion of THP-1 cells stained with phalloidin to a fibronectin extracellular matrix, was determined by fluorescence confocal microscopy. ILK co-localization with podosome specific protein cortactin was assessed by fluorescence confocal microscopy. For ex vivo experiments in ILK conditional-knockdown mice (cKD-ILK), male CRE-LOX mice were injected with tamoxifen (cKD-ILK) or vehicle (wild-type, WT), to induce ILK deletion. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained and treated with uremic toxins. Cell adhesion to a fibronectin extracellular matrix was determined by cell count of the percentage of attached cells against the total cells collected.
Results
Our data suggests that uremic toxins did not induce toxicity in THP-1 cells. Furthermore, ILK was activated by uremic toxins both at low and high concentrations, without changes in the protein expression. In the cell adhesion assay to the endothelium, uremic toxins induces an increase of THP-1 cells adhesion, which is completely abolished when ILK is knocked down by ILK siRNA, both at low and high toxins concentrations. Similar results were obtained from the cell adhesion assay to the fibronectin extracellular matrix. Moreover, uremic toxins induced podosome formation in THP-1 cells, even at low concentrations, compared to the control, while ILK knockdown abrogated almost completely fibronectin adhesion and podosome formation in uremic toxin-treated cells. Interestingly, we tested that ILK co-localize with cortactin in podosomes, which confirmed the implication of ILK in podosome structures formation induced by uremic toxins. In cKD-ILK PBMC mice the transgenic ILK depletion significantly decrease non-excised ILK mRNA levels. These cKD-ILK PBMC mice exhibited a lower adhesion to the fibronectin extracellular matrix compared to WT. By last, uremic toxins induced a significant increase of mice PBMCs adhesion in WT animals compared to the control that was significantly lower in PBMCs of cKD-ILK animals.
Conclusion
These data suggest that ILK plays a critical role in the required processes for leukocyte extravasation. ILK deletion may prevent podosome formation and adhesion of leucocytes, decreasing the endothelial and vascular damage caused by the accumulation of uremic toxins in CKD. Therefore, ILK could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular damage associated with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Campillo de Blas
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Bohorquez Magro
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Gutiérrez-Calabrés
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego García Ayuso
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vaillo
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera-Merino
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio De Frutos García
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Nephrology Unit from Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital and Department of Medicine from Alcalá University, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Alcalá University, Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Sosa P, Alcalde-Estévez E, Asenjo-Bueno A, Plaza P, Olmos G, Caballero MA, Rodríguez-Puyol M, López-Ongil S, Ruiz MP. P0913HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA INCREASE INFLAMMATION PROMOTING SENESCENCE AND MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Hyperphosphatemia has been associated with aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sarcopenia, which is a related condition of these pathologies, is defined by loss of force and muscular mass. During aging, chronic systemic inflammation appears, termed inflammaging, due to changes in immune system function. Inflammaging has been associated with many age-related diseases including Sarcopenia and CKD. The work aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperphosphatemia on proinflammatory profile of cultured myoblast cells and to analyze, in old mice, the effect of a dietary restriction in the phosphate intake on the aging-related sarcopenia.
Methods
Culture murine myoblast C2C12 cells were used for in vitro experiments. Cells were treated with 10 mM beta-glycerophosphate (BGP) as phosphate donor for 24, 48 or 72h. Inflammation was assessed through IL6, TNFα and MCP-1 expression by RT-qPCR. Twenty-four months old, C57BL6 mice were used for in vivo studies. Mice were fed with a normal diet containing 0.6% of phosphate until 21 months, after that, one group of mice continued with a normal diet and the other group was fed with a hypophosphatemic diet, containing a 0.2% of phosphate, for the following 3 months. Old mice were compared with 5 months old mice. Muscle force was measured by a grip strength test. Serum phosphate concentration was evaluated with a commercial kit and inflammation was assessed through IL-1β expression levels by RT-qPCR.
Results
Results showed that BGP treatment augmented pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, in myoblast, at 72h. On the other hand, old mice had a 40% increase in serum phosphate concentration regarding young mice, and, in parallel, they showed a reduction in forelimb strength. Old animals feeding with a hypophosphatemic diet showed a decreased level of phosphate serum linked to a better muscle function. Pro-inflammatory cytokines expression was higher in old mice compared to young mice; those values were reduced in 24-month-mice fed with a low phosphate diet. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between IL-1β expression levels and serum phosphate levels, suggesting that high levels of serum phosphate were increasing inflammation in vivo and a negative correlation between IL-1β and grip strength test, which shows that high levels of inflammation decrease muscular function
Conclusion
In this work, we propose that high levels of phosphate are related to inflammation in vitro and in vivo. This increase of proinflammatory cytokines decreases muscle function whereas dietary restriction of phosphate decreases inflammation and improves muscle function. These results could point to a direct link between elevated serum phosphate levels and inflammaging presented in sarcopenic people such as CKD patients and aged people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sosa
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Elena Alcalde-Estévez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana Asenjo-Bueno
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Patricia Plaza
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Gemma Olmos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Caballero
- Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Servicio de Geriatría y Unidad de fragilidad, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ongil
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Piedad Ruiz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Alcalde-Estévez E, Asenjo-Bueno A, Sosa P, Plaza P, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Olmos G, López-Ongil S, Ruiz MP. P0707UREMIC TOXINS IMPAIR SKELETAL MUSCLE REGENERATION PROCESS INDUCING CELL CYCLE ARREST AND APOPTOSIS IN CULTURED MYOBLASTS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
The loss of muscle mass and function has been related to chronic kidney disease (CKD). About 37% of dialysis patients show symptoms of sarcopenia and this has been related to an increased risk of mortality. Changes in sarcopenic muscle include the loss of its regenerative capacity due to a reduction in the number and function of satellite cells, the muscle stem cells. The concentration of serum uremic toxins (UT) increases in parallel to a decline in the glomerular filtration rate in patients with CKD and this uremia may be involved in the development of sarcopenia. Previous studies showed as serum concentration of UT found in the early stages of CKD inhibits myogenic differentiation of cultured myoblasts. Nevertheless, the effect of those concentrations found in the advanced stages of CKD has not been described. The study aimed to analyse whether UT affect the muscular regeneration process by modifying the proliferation capacity of myoblasts (activated satellite cells).
Method
Cultured mouse myoblasts C2C12 cells were used for all experiments. Cells were grown with 0% or 10% FBS culture media in the presence or absence of indoxyl sulphate and para-cresol at doses of 100µg/ml each one, which are similar to ones found in the advanced stages of CKD. Proliferation was evaluated by scratch wound healing and cell cycle by flow cytometry with propidium iodide and the fluorescent probe CFSE, an intracellular protein binding dye that is divided equally between daughter cells, allowing the discrimination of successive rounds of cell division. Chromosome condensation was assessed by immunofluorescence staining by confocal microscopy. Apoptosis was analysed by annexin V staining.
Results
C2C12 cells treated with UT shown a significant decrease in the proliferation rate. A significant delay in wound closure was observed in cells treated with UT compared to control cells. Myoblasts treated with UT suffered a significant decrease in the proliferation rate since the probe remained higher than in the vehicle-treated cells. Proliferating cells treated with UT suffered a dramatic cell cycle arrest between the phases S and G2/M. Chromosome condensation was also analysed, finding that in the presence of colcemid, vehicle-treated cells condensed their chromosomes, as expected, whereas UT-treated cells did not, suggesting that UT stop the cell cycle at any point before the entry of cells in the mitosis phase. Besides, there was strong phosphorylation of cdc2 in the presence of UT indicating that cdc2 and the complex cdc2-cyclin B were inactive. This result explains why cells did not enter in the mitosis phase under UT exposition. Finally, UT induced the death of proliferating C2C12 cells by apoptosis.
Conclusion
In the advanced stages of CKD, uremic toxins concentration increases, thereby inducing a dramatic arrest in the cell cycle of myoblasts, inactivating the cdc2-cyclin B complex, interrupting their proliferation and leading them towards cell apoptosis. These results point to a role of uremic toxins impairing the skeletal muscle regeneration process, which could be involved in CKD-related sarcopenia and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alcalde-Estévez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana Asenjo-Bueno
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Patricia Sosa
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Patricia Plaza
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Servicio de Nefrología, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Olmos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ongil
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Piedad Ruiz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) y Red Renal (REDinREN) del ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Griera-Merino M, García-Ayuso D, Bohorquez Magro L, Campillo de Blas S, Barrionuevo-González M, Gutiérrez-Calabrés E, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, De Frutos García S. P0980IMPLICATIONS OF ADIPOSE EARLY DOWNREGULATION OF INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE (ILK) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN MICE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Insulin resistance (IR)-related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes type 2 and obesity, are linked to renal and cardiovascular risk. Unfortunately, they lack a better prognosis before their full establishment. An important mechanism associated to the IR development is the dysregulation of lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT), which is driven by the excessive lipid accumulation, together with inflammation and the excessive deposition of ECM components such as collagens and fibronectin, known as fibrosis. The intracellular lipid adjustment is affected by changes in the expression and activity of the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and the intracellular and circulating balance of the lipolysis products glycerol and free fatty acids.
We published that transgenic depletion of the scaffold intracellular protein Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), one of the adhesome translators of the ECM signals, modulates IR in WAT [Hatem-Vaquero et al. J Endocrinol. 2017]. We also published that ILK downregulation in WAT is an early event in a short-term high fat diet (HFD) mice model that correlates with a faster insulin sensitivity loss, accompanied with an early increase of body weight and the erratic expression of WAT adipokines and metabolites transporters. [Hatem-Vaquero et al. Cell Physiol Biochem 2020]. Here we used in vivo and in vitro approaches to decode the role of ILK downregulation during WAT expansion and altered lipolysis.
Method
Adult mice with global transgenic downregulation of ILK expression (cKD-ILK) and littermates without that depletion (CT) were fed with either standard (STD) or high fat (HFD) diets during 2 and 6 weeks. We determined the weight changes on body and WAT depots, epidydimal (eWAT) and subcutaneous (scWAT), and the circulating lypolisis product glycerol. The expression of ECM component fibronectin (FN), fibrosis marker TGF-beta and the glycerol transporter AQP3 were determined in eWAT by RT-qPCR or Western blot. Comparative studies were performed in cultured C3H10t1/2-based adipocytes where ILK expression was deliberately downregulated by the transfection of siRNAs against ILK or in control adipocytes (scramble siRNAs). We determined the expression of ILK, total and active HSL isoforms (HSL, p-HSL s660) by RT-qPCR or Western blot and the intracellular fat droplet content (by adipo-red dye)
Results
HFD increased progressively CT eWAT, scWAT and whole body weight gains. HFD-fed cKD-ILK have an earlier increase of body and eWAT weights. However, the scWAT weight ratio against eWAT was inverted in the same cKD-ILK animals. This early depot-specific response to HFD coincide with increase in IR [Wajchenberg BL. Endocr Rev 2000]. HFD-fed cKD-ILK WAT early expressed altered levels of fibrotic markers (TGF-beta and Fibronectin). HFD-fed cKD-ILK shown a temporary increase of circulating glycerol and its WAT transporter AQP3. In cultured adipocytes with downregulated expression of ILK, the intracellular fat droplet was increased and the HSL contain and its lipolysis activity (measured as levels of p-HSL isoform) were reduced.
Conclusion
We suggest ILK as a modulator during the obesity establishment. Considering the observed relation between ILK expression with the altered lipolysis and fibrosis patterns observed in visceral WAT, ILK downregulation may be a predictive value and probably its pharmacological upregulation may be a novel therapeutic strategy against obesity and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Griera-Merino
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego García-Ayuso
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Lourdes Bohorquez Magro
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Sofía Campillo de Blas
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Nephrology Unit and Department of Medicine from Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Elena Gutiérrez-Calabrés
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Nephrology Unit and Department of Medicine from Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Sergio De Frutos García
- Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigación Sanitária (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Alcalá de Henares
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology, Physiology Unit,, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Biomedical Research Foundation, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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10
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Gutiérrez-Calabrés E, Campillo de Blas S, Bohorquez Magro L, Griera-Merino M, García Ayuso D, Vaillo D, De Frutos García S, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol D. P0672CALPAINS 1 AND 2 ARE INCREASED DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DAMAGE IN MICE FED WITH AN ADENINE RICH DIET. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims
Calpains are intracellular cysteine proteases that play a critical role in cell remodeling, being involved in multiple biological processes linked to tissue damage and repair mechanisms. In addition, they are released into the circulation, being able to carry out systemic actions with pathological consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of calpains in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in an experimental model of chronic renal damage induced by adenine.
Method
We induced an experimental model of CKD, in mice fed for 2 weeks with an adenine-supplemented diet (0.2% adenine) (A). Animals receiving this diet develop a tubulointerstitial damage resembling that is observed in human CKD. Mice with standard diet were used as controls (C). Renal function was assessed by measuring serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (mg/dl). Fibrosis markers (collagen type I and fibronectin) were determined by RT-qPCR. Changes in the renal content of calpains 1 and 2 were analyzed by western blot (protein content), and RT-qPCR (mRNA expression).
Results
Our results show functional and structural changes at renal level in the adenine-fed mice, with increased BUN (A: 72 mg/dl, C: 28 mg/dl, p < 0.05), creatinine (A: 0.58 mg/dl, C: 0.25 mg/dl, p < 0.05), collagen type I mRNA expression (A: 12.9 units, C: 1.2 units, p < 0.05) and fibronectin mRNA expression (A: 3.46 units, C: 1.3 units, p < 0.05). Furthermore, protein content of calpains 1 (A: 1.27 units, C: 0.78 units, p < 0.05) and 2 (A: 1.30 units, C: 0.66 units, p < 0.05) was significantly higher in adenine-fed mice when compared to control. At the same time, we observed a significant increase in gene expression of both calpain 1 (A: 4.21 units, C: 0.51 units, p < 0.05) and 2 (A: 4.93 units, C: 0.56 units, p < 0.05) in the adenine model regarding to mice with standard diet. Our results demonstrate that calpain 1 and 2 expression in renal tissue increases as CKD progresses. Interestingly, we found statistically significant correlations between renal calpains 1 and 2 protein and mRNA content and plasma BUN and creatinine (p < 0.05, r between 0.79 and 0.92), as well as protein expression of calpain 2 and mRNA expression of collagen type I (p < 0.05, r = 0.76). These data suggest a potential direct relationship between renal calpain 1 and 2 content and loss of renal function, in part due probably to the modulation of the fibrotic changes, in adenine fed mice.
Conclusion
We suggest an implication of calpains 1 and 2 in the development of CKD. Thus, effective calpain blockade or downregulation could be useful as a therapeutic strategy to prevent CKD. Further experiments will be necessary to establish the relationship between these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gutiérrez-Calabrés
- Biomedical Research Foundation from Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Campillo de Blas
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Bohorquez Magro
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera-Merino
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego García Ayuso
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vaillo
- Biomedical Research Foundation from Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio De Frutos García
- Biomedical Research Foundation from Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Systems Biology, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Biomedical Research Foundation from Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- NOVELREN from Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Unit from Hospital Príncipe de Asturias and Department of Medicine from Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Hatem-Vaquero M, de Frutos S, Luengo A, González Abajo A, Griera M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Calleros L. Contribution of uraemic toxins to the vascular fibrosis associated with chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia 2018; 38:639-646. [PMID: 30337107 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease present with an accumulation of uraemic toxins, which have been identified as pathogenic agents associated with cardiovascular mortality, which is very high is this patient group. A phenomenon common to the progressive renal dysfunction and associated vascular damage, is the abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the renal or vascular structures. OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of uraemia or the uraemic toxins to the production of cytokinins and ECM in aortas of uraemic animals or human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were used with uraemia induced by a diet rich in adenine (0.2%) for 2, 4 or 6 weeks. Kidney function was evaluated by means of urine volume, plasma levels of creatinine, urea, fractional excretion of sodium, and vascular damage using histology, as well as protein expression using RT-qPCR. The HASMCs were incubated in vitro with uraemic toxins: p-cresol 10-100 (μg/ml) and indoxyl-sulphate25-100 (μg/ml) alone or simultaneously. The protein expression was evaluated using Western blot and confocal microscopy. RESULTS The administration of adenine produced progressive kidney damage in the mice, thickening of the aortic wall, and increasing the expression of TGF-β1 and ECM proteins. The toxins at high doses and combined also induced the expression of TGF-β1 and ECM proteins by the HASMCs. CONCLUSIONS The uraemia produced by an adenine rich diet or high doses of uraemic toxins induced the abnormal deposit of ECM proteins in the vascular wall or its production by HASMCs. The understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this pathophysiological process may be useful in the prevention of cardiovascular damage associated with the progress of chronic kidney disease, a disease, at the moment that is irreversible and occasional silent until its diagnosis in advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Hatem-Vaquero
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Sergio de Frutos
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Alicia Luengo
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España
| | - Alba González Abajo
- Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Sección de Nefrología y Fundación para la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Sección de Nefrología y Fundación para la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Laura Calleros
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España; Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), Madrid, España; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España; Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
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12
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Gutiérrez S, Morón M, Griera M, Sucunza D, Calleros L, García-Jérez A, Coderch C, Hermoso FJ, Burgos C, Rodríguez-Puyol M, de Pascual-Teresa B, Diez-Marques ML, Jimenez A, Toro-Londoño M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Vaquero JJ. Discovery of potent calpain inhibitors based on the azolo-imidazolidenone scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:946-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Hatem-Vaquero M, Griera M, García-Jerez A, Luengo A, Álvarez J, Rubio JA, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, De Frutos S. Peripheral insulin resistance in ILK-depleted mice by reduction of GLUT4 expression. J Endocrinol 2017; 234:115-128. [PMID: 28490443 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of insulin resistance is characterized by the impairment of glucose uptake mediated by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). Extracellular matrix changes are induced when the metabolic dysregulation is sustained. The present work was devoted to analyze the possible link between the extracellular-to-intracellular mediator integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and the peripheral tissue modification that leads to glucose homeostasis impairment. Mice with general depletion of ILK in adulthood (cKD-ILK) maintained in a chow diet exhibited increased glycemia and insulinemia concurrently with a reduction of the expression and membrane presence of GLUT4 in the insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues compared with their wild-type littermates (WT). Tolerance tests and insulin sensitivity indexes confirmed the insulin resistance in cKD-ILK, suggesting a similar stage to prediabetes in humans. Under randomly fed conditions, no differences between cKD-ILK and WT were observed in the expression of insulin receptor (IR-B) and its substrate IRS-1 expressions. The IR-B isoform phosphorylated at tyrosines 1150/1151 was increased, but the AKT phosphorylation in serine 473 was reduced in cKD-ILK tissues. Similarly, ILK-blocked myotubes reduced their GLUT4 promoter activity and GLUT4 expression levels. On the other hand, the glucose uptake capacity in response to exogenous insulin was impaired when ILK was blocked in vivo and in vitro, although IR/IRS/AKT phosphorylation states were increased but not different between groups. We conclude that ILK depletion modifies the transcription of GLUT4, which results in reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, suggesting ILK as a molecular target and a prognostic biomarker of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Hatem-Vaquero
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Jerez
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Luengo
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Julia Álvarez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Rubio
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Foundation and Nephrology DepartmentHospital Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
| | - Sergio De Frutos
- Department of Systems BiologyPhysiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid, Spain
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14
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Hatem-Vaquero M, Griera M, Giermakowska W, Luengo A, Calleros L, Gonzalez Bosc LV, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, De Frutos S. Integrin linked kinase regulates the transcription of AQP2 by NFATC3. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 2017; 1860:922-935. [PMID: 28736155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two processes are associated with progressive loss of renal function: 1) decreased aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression and urinary concentrating capacity (Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus, NDI); and 2) changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, e.g. increased collagen I (Col I) deposition, characteristic of tubule-interstitial fibrosis. AQP2 expression is regulated by both the ECM-to-intracellular scaffold protein integrin-linked kinase (ILK) by NFATc/AP1 and other transcription factors. In the present work, we used in vivo and in vitro approaches to examine ILK participation in NFATc3/AP-1-mediated increases in AQP2 gene expression. Both NFATc3 knock-out mice and ILK conditional-knockdown mice (cKD-ILK) display symptoms of NDI (polyuria and reduced AQP2 expression). NFATc3 is upregulated in the renal medulla tubular cells of cKD-ILK mice but with reduced nuclear localization. Inner medullary collecting duct mIMCD3 cells were subjected to ILK depletion and transfected with reporter plasmids. Pharmacological activators or inhibitors determined the effect of ILK activity on NFATc/AP-1-dependent increases in transcription of AQP2. Finally, mIMCD3 cultured on Col I showed reduced activity of the ILK/GSK3β/NFATc/AQP2 axis, suggesting this pathway is a potential target for therapeutic treatment of NDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Hatem-Vaquero
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Wieslawa Giermakowska
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Alicia Luengo
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Calleros
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Foundation and Nephrology Department, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sergio De Frutos
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Alcalde-Estevez E, Plaza P, Sosa P, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Olmos G, Lopez Ongil S, Ruíz-Torres P. SP297HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA IMPAIRS MUSCULAR REGENERATION BY INHIBITING MIOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx145.sp297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Hatem-Vaquero M, Griera M, Giermakowska W, Luengo A, García-Jerez A, Calleros L, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Gonzalez-Bosc L, Rodríguez-Puyol M, De Frutos S. MP023INTEGRIN LINKED KINASE REGULATES THE TRANSCRIPTION OF AQP2 BY NFATC3. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx161.mp023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Sosa-Callejas P, Plaza P, Alcalde-Estévez E, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Olmos G, Ruíz-Torres MP, López-Ongil S. MP343DIETARY REDUCTION OF PHOSPHATE IMPROVES MUSCULAR FUNCTION IN AGED MICE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx169.mp343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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18
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Carmona A, Agüera ML, Luna-Ruiz C, Buendía P, Calleros L, García-Jerez A, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Arias M, Arias-Guillen M, de Arriba G, Ballarin J, Bernis C, Fernández E, García-Rebollo S, Mancha J, Del Peso G, Pérez E, Poch E, Portolés JM, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Sánchez-Villanueva R, Sarro F, Torres A, Martín-Malo A, Aljama P, Ramírez R, Carracedo J. Markers of endothelial damage in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F673-F681. [PMID: 28077371 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00013.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Stage 5 chronic kidney disease who are on hemodialysis (HD) remain in a chronic inflammatory state, characterized by the accumulation of uremic toxins that induce endothelial damage and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our aim was to examine microvesicles (MVs), monocyte subpopulations, and angiopoietins (Ang) to identify prognostic markers in HD patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM). A total of 160 prevalent HD patients from 10 centers across Spain were obtained from the Biobank of the Nephrology Renal Network (Madrid, Spain): 80 patients with DM and 80 patients without DM who were matched for clinical and demographic criteria. MVs from plasma and several monocyte subpopulations (CD142+/CD16+, CD14+/CD162+) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the plasma concentrations of Ang1 and Ang2 were quantified by ELISA. Data on CVD were gathered over the 5.5 yr after these samples were obtained. MV level, monocyte subpopulations (CD14+/CD162+ and CD142+/CD16+), and Ang2-to-Ang1 ratios increased in HD patients with DM compared with non-DM patients. Moreover, MV level above the median (264 MVs/µl) was associated independently with greater mortality. MVs, monocyte subpopulations, and Ang2-to-Ang1 ratio can be used as predictors for CVD. In addition, MV level has a potential predictive value in the prevention of CVD in HD patients. These parameters undergo more extensive changes in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Carmona
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria L Agüera
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Luna-Ruiz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Buendía
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biologia de Sistemas Department, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.,Biobanco Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud Red Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Jerez
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biologia de Sistemas Department, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.,Biobanco Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud Red Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biologia de Sistemas Department, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.,Biobanco Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud Red Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Arias
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Marta Arias-Guillen
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Nefrologia y Trasplante Renal, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel de Arriba
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Ballarin
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Bernis
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario La Princesa Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Villanova de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Sagrario García-Rebollo
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Improving Biomedical Research and Innovation in the Canary Islands-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier Mancha
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Del Peso
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Pérez
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Improving Biomedical Research and Innovation in the Canary Islands-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Esteban Poch
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Nefrologia y Trasplante Renal, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Portolés
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez-Villanueva
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Sarro
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Arnau de Villanova de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Armando Torres
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Improving Biomedical Research and Innovation in the Canary Islands-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Malo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Aljama
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramírez
- Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biologia de Sistemas Department, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; .,Unidad de Gestión Clínica Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.,Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud-Red Española de Investigación Renal, RD16/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departament of Animal Physiology II, Faculty Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Miguel P, Medrano-Andrés D, Griera-Merino M, Ortiz A, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S. Tweak up-regulates endothelin-1 system in mouse and human endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 113:207-221. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Calleros-Basilio L, Cortés MA, García-Jerez A, Luengo-Rodríguez A, Orozco-Agudo A, Valdivielso JM, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Quality Assurance of Samples and Processes in the Spanish Renal Research Network (REDinREN) Biobank. Biopreserv Biobank 2016; 14:499-510. [PMID: 27541936 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2015.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biobanks are useful platforms to build bridges between basic, translational, and clinical research and clinical care. They are repositories of high-quality human biological samples ideal for evaluating their histological characteristics and also their genome, transcriptome, and proteome. The Spanish Renal Research Network Biobank contains more than 76,500 well-preserved frozen samples of a wide variety of kidney diseases, collected from 5450 patients seen by over 70 nephrology services throughout the Spanish territory. OBJECTIVE To determine and to report the results of the quality control of samples and processes conducted in our biobank, implemented in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 9001:2008 international standard. STUDY DESIGN Two types of quality controls were performed: (1) systematic, that is, measurement of viable peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained and purity of nucleic acids and (2) ad-hoc, that is, viability of thawed PBMC, DNA extraction process reproducibility, and the integrity and functionality of nucleic acids, implemented on a routine basis. METHODS AND RESULTS PBMC isolation by Ficoll yielded reproducible results and its cryopreserved viability was >90%. Acceptable A260/A280 ratios were obtained for the vast majority of the DNA (n = 2328) and RNA (n = 78) samples analyzed. DNA integrity was demonstrated by agarose gels and by β-globulin gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 1327 and 989 bp fragments. DNA of acceptable quality had at least three bands of β-globulin amplified obtained (n = 26/30). RNA integrity number (RIN) determinations obtained RIN numbers ≥7 (n = 87/96). The amplifiability of nucleic acids was confirmed by qPCR and RT-qPCR of β-actin and GAPDH genes. Long storage or delayed processing time did not affect the quality of the samples analyzed. The processes of DNA extraction also yielded reproducible results. CONCLUSIONS These results clearly indicate that our PBMC, DNA, and RNA stored samples meet the required quality standards to be used for biomedical research, ensuring their long-term preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Calleros-Basilio
- 1 Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Medicine School, Alcala University , Madrid, Spain .,2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Alicia Cortés
- 3 CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Medicine School, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste , Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Andrea García-Jerez
- 1 Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Medicine School, Alcala University , Madrid, Spain .,2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Luengo-Rodríguez
- 1 Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Medicine School, Alcala University , Madrid, Spain .,2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Orozco-Agudo
- 1 Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Medicine School, Alcala University , Madrid, Spain .,2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Valdivielso
- 2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain .,4 Department of Experimental Nephrology, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- 2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain .,5 Nephrology Section and Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias , Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- 1 Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Medicine School, Alcala University , Madrid, Spain .,2 IRSIN and REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
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21
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González-Ramos M, Calleros L, López-Ongil S, Raoch V, Griera M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, de Frutos S, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Corrigendum to "HSP70 increases extracellular matrix production by human vascular smooth muscle through TGF-β1 up-regulation" [Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 45 (2013) 232-242]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 71:119. [PMID: 30922507 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta González-Ramos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ongil
- Biomedical Research Unit Foundation, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Raoch
- Biomedical Research Unit Foundation, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Biomedical Research Unit Foundation, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio de Frutos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Nephrology Section, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Unit Foundation, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Instituto Reina Sofía Investigación Nefrológica and RedInRen (Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud from Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
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22
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Cano-Peñalver JL, Griera M, García-Jerez A, Hatem-Vaquero M, Ruiz-Torres MP, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Frutos SD, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Renal Integrin-Linked Kinase Depletion Induces Kidney cGMP-Axis Upregulation: Consequences on Basal and Acutely Damaged Renal Function. Mol Med 2015; 21:873-885. [PMID: 26562149 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is activated by nitric oxide (NO) and produces cGMP, which activates cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) and is hydrolyzed by specific phosphodiesterases (PDE). The vasodilatory and cytoprotective capacity of cGMP-axis activation results in a therapeutic strategy for several pathologies. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a major scaffold protein between the extracellular matrix and intracellular signaling pathways, may modulate the expression and functionality of the cGMP-axis-related proteins. We introduce ILK as a novel modulator in renal homeostasis as well as a potential target for cisplatin (CIS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) improvement. We used an adult mice model of depletion of ILK (cKD-ILK), which showed basal increase of sGC and PKG expressions and activities in renal cortex when compared with wildtype (WT) littermates. Twenty-four h activation of sGC activation with NO enhanced the filtration rate in cKD-ILK. During AKI, cKD-ILK maintained the cGMP-axis upregulation with consequent filtration rates enhancement and ameliorated CIS-dependent tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation and markers. To emphasize the role of cGMP-axis upregulation due to ILK depletion, we modulated the cGMP axis under AKI in vivo and in renal cultured cells. A suboptimal dose of the PDE inhibitor ZAP enhanced the beneficial effects of the ILK depletion in AKI mice. On the other hand, CIS increased contractility-related events in cultured glomerular mesangial cells and necrosis rates in cultured tubular cells; ILK depletion protected the cells while sGC blockade with ODQ fully recovered the damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Cano-Peñalver
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Jerez
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Hatem-Vaquero
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Piedad Ruiz-Torres
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Foundation and Nephrology Department, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio de Frutos
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalà, Alcalà de Henares, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigaciόn Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Martínez-Miguel P, Valdivielso JM, Medrano-Andrés D, Román-García P, Cano-Peñalver JL, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S. The active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, induces a complex dual upregulation of endothelin and nitric oxide in cultured endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E1085-96. [PMID: 25336523 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00156.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in endothelial cells, the effect of vitamin D on endothelial function is unknown. An unbalanced production of vasoactive endothelial factors such as nitric oxide (NO) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) results in endothelial dysfunction, which can alter the normal cardiovascular function. Present experiments were devoted to assess the effect of active vitamin D (calcitriol) on the synthesis of endothelial vasoactive factors. The results were that, in cells, calcitriol increased ET-1 and NO productions, which were measured by ELISA and fluorimetric assay, respectively. Calcitriol also increased endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) and endothelial-nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activities, their mRNA (qPCR), their protein expressions (Western-blot), and their promoter activities (transfection assays). Calcitriol did not change prepro-ET-1 mRNA. The effect was specific to VDR activation because when VDR was silenced by siRNA, the observed effects disappeared. Mechanisms involved in each upregulation differed. ECE-1 upregulation depended on AP-1 activation, whereas eNOS upregulation depended directly on VDR activation. To evaluate the in vivo consequences of acute calcitriol treatment, normal Wistar rats were treated with a single ip injection of 400 ng/kg calcitriol and euthanized 24 h later. Results confirmed those observed in cells, that production and expression of both factors were increased by calcitriol. Besides, calcitriol-treated rats showed a slight rise in mean blood pressure, which decreased when pretreated with FR-901533, an ECE-1 antagonist. We conclude that calcitriol increases the synthesis of both ET-1 and NO in endothelial cells. However, the ET-1 upregulation seems to be biologically more relevant, as animals acutely treated with calcitriol show slight increases in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martínez-Miguel
- Research Unit and Nephrology Section, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Román-García
- Servicio de Metabolismo Mineral y Óseo, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Madrid, Spain; and
| | | | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Madrid, Spain; and Physiology Department, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Research Unit and Nephrology Section, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Susana López-Ongil
- Research Unit and Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Madrid, Spain; and
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Martín P, Mora I, Cortes MA, Calleros L, García-Jerez A, Ortiz A, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Olmos G. Relevant role of PKG in the progression of fibrosis induced by TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F75-85. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00398.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is an inflammatory cytokine that activates the FGF-inducible 14 receptor. Both TWEAK and the FGF-inducible 14 receptor are constitutively expressed in the kidney. TWEAK has been shown to modulate several biological responses, such as inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, that contribute to kidney injury. However, the role of TWEAK in fibrosis and TWEAK-activated intracellular signaling pathways remain poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that TWEAK can be a potent inducer of renal fibrosis by increasing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression (a well-known switch in the fibrosis process) through PKG-I downregulation. We showed that in human mesangial cells, TWEAK increased TGF-β1 expression and activity, leading to higher levels of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin and decreased PKG-I expression and activity via the Ras pathway. PKG-I activation with 8-bromo-cGMP, Ras inactivation with dominant negative Ras, or Ras pathway inhibition with the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD-98059 resulted in the prevention of TWEAK-induced TGF-β1 upregulation. In vivo, exogenous administration of TWEAK to wild-type mice downregulated kidney PKG-I and increased kidney TGF-β1 expression. These effects were blunted in H-Ras knockout mice. Together, these data demonstrate, for the first time, the key role of PKG-I in TGF-β1 induction by TWEAK in kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Martín
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Mora
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Alicia Cortes
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calleros
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Jerez
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology Section and Research Unit, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Gemma Olmos
- Department of System Biology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- REDinREN (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigaciones Nefrológicas, Madrid, Spain
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Cano-Peñalver JL, Griera M, Serrano I, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Dedhar S, de Frutos S, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Integrin-linked kinase regulates tubular aquaporin-2 content and intracellular location: a link between the extracellular matrix and water reabsorption. FASEB J 2014; 28:3645-59. [PMID: 24784577 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-249250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the clinical alterations observed in chronic renal disease (CRD) is the impaired urine concentration, known as diabetes insipidus (DI). Tubulointerstitial fibrosis of the kidney is also a pathological finding observed in CRD and involves composition of extracellular matrix (ECM). However, an association between these two events has not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that the extracellular-to-intracellular scaffold protein integrin-linked kinase (ILK) regulates expression of tubular water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and its apical membrane presence in the renal tubule. Basally, polyuria and decreased urine osmolality were present in ILK conditional-knockdown (cKD-ILK) adult mice compared with nondepleted ILK littermates. No changes were observed in arginine-vasopressin (AVP) blood levels, renal receptor (V2R), or AQP3 expression. However, tubular AQP2 was decreased in expression and apical membrane presence in cKD-ILK mice, where the canonical V2R/cAMP axis activation is still functional, but independent of the absence of ILK. Thus, cKD-ILK constitutes a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) model. AQP2 and ILK colocalize in cultured inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD3) cells. Specific ILK siRNAs and collagen I (Col) decrease ILK and AQP2 levels and AQP2 presence on the membrane of tubular mIMCD3 cells, which impairs the capacity of the cells to transport water under hypotonic stress. The present work points to ILK as a therapeutic target in NDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Cano-Peñalver
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Serrano
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Foundation and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Sergio de Frutos
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Martínez-Miguel P, Medrano-Andrés D, Lopes-Martín V, Arribas-Gómez I, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S. Regulation of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) by the calcimimetic R-568. Pharmacol Res 2013; 76:106-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Serrano I, De Frutos S, Griera M, Medrano D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Dedhar S, Ruiz-Torres MP, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Ilk conditional deletion in adult animals increases cyclic GMP-dependent vasorelaxation. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 99:535-44. [PMID: 23715557 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) regulates proliferation, differentiation, cell adhesion, and motility in many cell types and has been related to cancer progression, fibrosis, and vascular diseases. We designed the present study to directly explore the effect of ILK deletion on the regulation of vascular tone through the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) /protein kinase G (PKG) pathway in healthy adult mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were carried out using a tamoxifen-inducible CRE-LOX system to conditionally delete the ILK gene in adult mice. Mice lacking ILK expression (cKO) presented increased vascular content and increased activity of sGC and PKG, resulting in a more intense vasodilatory response to a single dose of a nitric oxide (NO) donor [sodium nitroprusside (SNP)] or PKG agonist [8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br)]. Five minutes after SNP or 8-Br administration the reduction in the systolic arterial pressure was enhanced in cKO mice (SNP WT: -7.4 ± 1.2 mmHG; SNP cKO: -14.0 ± 2.5; 8-Br WT: -2.9 ± 1.5 mmHG; 8-Br cKO: -10.0 ± 3.4 mmHG). ILK deletion restored the vascular response to SNP after chronic oral nitrite administration. In addition, ILK deletion also increased hypotensive SNP effect in angiotensin II-treated animals, suggesting a role for ILK in basal and pathological states. CONCLUSION Deletion of ILK in adult animals increased the vascular response to NO. These findings show, for the first time, a requirement for ILK in regulating sGC-PKG expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Serrano
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Serrano I, Díez-Marqués ML, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Herrero-Fresneda I, Raimundo García DM, Dedhar S, Ruiz-Torres MP, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) modulates wound healing through regulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:2470-81. [PMID: 22971619 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is an intracellular effector of cell-matrix interactions and regulates many cellular processes, including growth, proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. The present work analyzes the role of ILK in wound healing in adult animals using a conditional knock-out of the ILK gene generated with the tamoxifen-inducible Cre-lox system (CRE-LOX mice). Results show that ILK deficiency leads to retarded wound closure in skin. Intracellular mechanisms involved in this process were analyzed in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) isolated from CRE-LOX mice and revealed that wounding promotes rapid activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and ILK. Knockdown of ILK resulted in a retarded wound closure due to a decrease in cellular proliferation and loss of HGF protein expression during the healing process, in vitro and in vivo. Alterations in cell proliferation and wound closure in ILK-deficient MEF or mice could be rescued by exogenous administration of human HGF. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that the activation of PI3K and ILK after skin wounding are critical for HGF-dependent tissue repair and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Serrano
- Department of Physiology, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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García G, Serrano I, Sánchez-Alonso P, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Alajarín R, Griera M, Vaquero JJ, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Álvarez-Builla J, Díez-Marqués ML. New losartan-hydrocaffeic acid hybrids as antihypertensive-antioxidant dual drugs: Ester, amide and amine linkers. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 50:90-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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30
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González-Ramos M, Mora I, de Frutos S, Garesse R, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Olmos G, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Intracellular redox equilibrium is essential for the constitutive expression of AP-1 dependent genes in resting cells: studies on TGF-β1 regulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:963-71. [PMID: 22429882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in the continuous expression of constitutive genes are unclear. We hypothesize that steady state intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which their levels are tightly maintained, could be regulating the expression of these constitutive genes in resting cells. We analyzed the regulation of an important constitutive gene, TGF-β1, after decreasing intracellular ROS concentration in human mesangial cells. Decreased intracellular hydrogen peroxide by catalase addition reduced TGF-β1 protein, mRNA expression and promoter activity. Furthermore, catalase decreased the basal activity of Activated Protein-1 (AP-1) that regulates TGF-β1 promoter activity. This effect disappeared when AP-1 binding site was removed. Similar results were observed with another protein containing AP-1 binding sites in its promoter, such as eNOS, but it was not the case in other constitutive genes without any AP-1 binding site, as COX1 or PKG1. The pharmacological inhibition of the different ROS synthesis sources by blocking NADPH oxidase, the mitochondrial respiratory chain or xanthine oxidase, or the use of human fibroblasts with genetically deficient mitochondrial activity, induced a similar, significant reduction of steady state ROS concentration as the one observed with catalase. Moreover, there was decreased TGF-β1 expression in all the cases excepting the xanthine oxidase blockade. These findings suggest a novel role for the steady state intracellular ROS concentration, where the compartmentalized, different systems involved in the intracellular ROS production, could be essential for the expression of constitutive AP1-dependent genes, as TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta González-Ramos
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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31
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Raoch V, Rodríguez-Pascual F, López-Martínez V, Medrano-Andrés D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Lamas S, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S. Nitric oxide decreases the expression of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 through mRNA destabilization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 31:2577-85. [PMID: 21852564 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.232025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial function depends on the equilibrium in the synthesis of vasoactive endothelial factors. It is well known that endothelin and nitric oxide (NO) exhibit reciprocal regulation. We assessed the ability of NO to regulate endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) expression in vascular endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Bovine aortic endothelial cells were incubated with 2 different NO donors as well as with a cyclic-GMP analog, dibutyryl-cGMP (dB-cGMP). ECE-1 protein content and mRNA expression were evaluated by Western blot and Northern blot, respectively, promoter activity by transfection experiments, ECE-1 activity by ELISA, and cGMP production by radioimmunoassay. Both NO donors decreased ECE-1 protein content, mRNA expression, and ECE-1 activity. ODQ, an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, blocked those effects. NO donors raised cGMP levels, and dB-cGMP mimicked their effects on ECE-1 expression, which were blocked by KT5823, a nonspecific PKG inhibitor. The changes on ECE-1 expression were due to a destabilization on 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of this mRNA, because the activity of a luciferase reporter construct containing the 3'-UTR of the ECE-1 gene was reduced by dB-cGMP in a PKG-dependent manner. The biological relevance of this regulation was confirmed in bovine aortic endothelial cells coincubated with macrophages in the presence of lipopolysaccharide, in eNOS-deficient mice, and in Wistar rats treated with NO donors. In every case, an inverse relationship was observed between NO and ECE-1 protein content. CONCLUSION Our results support that NO regulates ECE-1 expression through a cGMP/PKG-dependent regulatory mechanism at the post-transcriptional level via the 3'-UTR of the ECE-1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Raoch
- Research Unit and Nephrology Section, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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32
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Herranz B, Marquez S, Guijarro B, Aracil E, Aicart-Ramos C, Rodriguez-Crespo I, Serrano I, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Zaragoza C, Saura M. Integrin-linked kinase regulates vasomotor function by preventing endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling: role in atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2011; 110:439-49. [PMID: 22194624 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.253948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Atherosclerotic lesions develop in regions of disturbed flow, whereas laminar flow protects from atherogenesis; however, the mechanisms involved are not completely elucidated. Integrins are mechanosensors of shear stress in endothelial cells, and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is important for blood vessel integrity and cardiovascular development. OBJECTIVES To explore the role of ILK in vascular function by studying conditionally ILK-deficient (cKO) mice and human atherosclerotic arteries. RESULTS ILK expression was detected in the endothelial cell layer of nonatherosclerotic vessels but was absent from the endothelium of atherosclerotic arteries. Live ultrasound imaging revealed that acetylcholine-mediated vasodilatation was impaired in cKO mice. These mice exhibited lowered agonist-induced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and decreased cyclic guanosine monophosphate and nitrite production. ILK deletion caused endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling, reflected in reduced tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels, increased BH2 levels, decreased dihydrofolate reductase expression, and increased eNOS-dependent generation of superoxide accompanied by extensive vascular protein nitration. ILK reexpression prevented eNOS uncoupling in cKO cells, whereas superoxide formation was unaffected by ILK depletion in eNOS-KO cells, indicating eNOS as a primary source of superoxide anion. eNOS and ILK coimmunoprecipitated in aortic lysates from control animals, and eNOS-ILK-shock protein 90 interaction was detected in human normal mammary arteries but was absent from human atherosclerotic carotid arteries. eNOS-ILK interaction in endothelial cells was prevented by geldanamycin, suggesting heat shock protein 90 as a binding partner. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify ILK as a regulatory partner of eNOS in vivo that prevents eNOS uncoupling, and suggest ILK as a therapeutic target for prevention of endothelial dysfunction related to shear stress-induced vascular diseases.
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Alique M, Calleros L, Luengo A, Griera M, Iñiguez MÁ, Punzón C, Fresno M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Changes in extracellular matrix composition regulate cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 300:C907-18. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00176.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular diseases are characterized by a sustained synthesis and accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen type I. The extracellular matrix transmits information to cells through interactions with membrane components, which directly activate many intracellular signaling events. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that eicosanoids derived from cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 participate in a number of pathological processes in immune-mediated renal diseases, and it is known that protein kinase B (AKT) may act through different transcription factors in the regulation of the COX-2 promoter. The present results show that progressive accumulation of collagen I in the extracellular medium induces a significant increase of COX-2 expression in human mesangial cells, resulting in an enhancement in PGE2 production. COX-2 overexpression is due to increased COX-2 mRNA levels. The study of the mechanism implicated in COX-2 upregulation by collagen I showed focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. Furthermore, we observed that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway by collagen I and collagen I-induced COX-2 overexpression was abolished by PI3K and AKT inhibitors. Additionally, we showed that the cAMP response element (CRE) transcription factor is implicated. Finally, we studied COX-2 expression in an animal model, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hypertensive rats. In renal tissue and vascular walls, COX-2 and collagen type I content were upregulated. In summary, our results provide evidence that collagen type I increases COX-2 expression via the FAK/PI3K/AKT/cAMP response element binding protein signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Alique
- Departamento de Fisiología,
- Inststuto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, and
| | - Laura Calleros
- Departamento de Fisiología,
- Inststuto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, and
| | - Alicia Luengo
- Departamento de Fisiología,
- Inststuto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, and
| | - Mercedes Griera
- Departamento de Fisiología,
- Inststuto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, and
| | - Miguel Ángel Iñiguez
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Mardrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Punzón
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Mardrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa,” Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Mardrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Inststuto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, and
- Nephrology Section of the “Príncipe de Asturias Hospital,” Alcala University, Alcalá de Henares,
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García G, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Alajarín R, Serrano I, Sánchez-Alonso P, Griera M, Vaquero JJ, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Alvarez-Builla J, Díez-Marqués ML. Losartan-antioxidant hybrids: novel molecules for the prevention of hypertension-induced cardiovascular damage. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7220-7. [PMID: 19863054 DOI: 10.1021/jm9003957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of a new series of antioxidant-sartan hybrids (AO-sartans), which were made by adding an antioxidant fragment to the hydroxymethyl side chain of losartan. Experiments performed in cultured cells demonstrate that these new hybrids retain the ability to block the angiotensin II effect with increased antioxidant ability. In hypertensive rats, these compounds show properties that suggest they may be more useful than losartan for controlling hypertension and preventing hypertension-induced cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo García
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Martín-Garrido A, Boyano-Adánez MC, Alique M, Calleros L, Serrano I, Griera M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Griendling KK, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Hydrogen peroxide down-regulates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor content through proteasome activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:1362-70. [PMID: 19596064 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is implicated in the regulation of signaling pathways leading to changes in vascular smooth muscle function. Contractile effects produced by H(2)O(2) are due to the phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase triggered by increases in intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) from intracellular stores or influx of extracellular Ca(2+). One mechanism for mobilizing such stores involves the phosphoinositide pathway. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) mobilizes intracellular Ca(2+) by binding to a family of receptors (IP(3)Rs) on the endoplasmic-sarcoplasmic reticulum that act as ligand-gated Ca(2+) channels. IP(3)Rs can be rapidly ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome, causing a decrease in cellular IP(3)R content. In this study we show that IP(3)R(1) and IP(3)R(3) are down-regulated when vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are stimulated by H(2)O(2), through an increase in proteasome activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the decrease in IP(3)R by H(2)O(2) is accompanied by a reduction in calcium efflux induced by IP(3) in VSMC. Also, we observed that angiotensin II (ANGII) induces a decrease in IP(3)R by activation of NADPH oxidase and that preincubation with H(2)O(2) decreases ANGII-mediated calcium efflux and planar cell surface area in VSMC. The decreased IP(3) receptor content observed in cells was also found in aortic rings, which exhibited a decreased ANGII-dependent contraction after treatment with H(2)O(2). Altogether, these results suggest that H(2)O(2) mediates IP(3)R down-regulation via proteasome activity.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/biosynthesis
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martín-Garrido
- Departamento Fisiología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Martínez-Miguel P, Raoch V, Zaragoza C, Valdivielso JM, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S. Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 increases in atherosclerotic mice: potential role of oxidized low density lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 2009; 50:364-375. [DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800215-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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37
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Ruiz-Torres MP, Griera M, Chamorro A, Díez-Marqués ML, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Tirofiban increases soluble guanylate cyclase in rat vascular walls: pharmacological and pathophysiological consequences. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:125-32. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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38
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Pérez-Rivero G, Ruiz-Torres MP, Díez-Marqués ML, Canela A, López-Novoa JM, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Blasco MA, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Telomerase deficiency promotes oxidative stress by reducing catalase activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 45:1243-51. [PMID: 18718525 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Telomere shortening and redox imbalance have been related to the aging process. We used cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) isolated from mice lacking telomerase activity (Terc(-/-)) to analyze the redox balance and the functional consequences promoted by telomerase deficiency. Comparison with wild-type (WT) MEF showed that Terc(-/-) MEF had greater oxidant damage, showing higher superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production and lower catalase activity. Restoration of telomerase activity in Terc(-/-) MEF increased catalase expression and activity. TGF-beta1 and collagen type IV levels were higher in Terc(-/-) than in WT MEF. TGF-beta1 promoter activity decreased when Terc(-/-) MEF were incubated with exogenous catalase, suggesting that catalase deficiency is the cause of the TGF-beta1 increase. Similar results were obtained in vivo. Homogenized renal cortex from 6-month-old Terc(-/-) showed higher oxidant capacity, lower catalase activity, greater oxidative damage, and higher TGF-beta1 and fibronectin levels than that from WT mice. In summary, telomerase deficiency reduces catalase activity, determining a redox imbalance that promotes overexpression of TGF-beta1 and extracellular matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Pérez-Rivero
- Departamento Fisiología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
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39
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Díez-Marqués ML, Ruiz-Torres MP, Griera M, López-Ongil S, Saura M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M. Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD)-containing peptides increase soluble guanylate cyclase in contractile cells. Cardiovasc Res 2006; 69:359-69. [PMID: 16360131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 10/21/2005] [Accepted: 10/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alterations in NO/cGMP signaling have been associated with vascular dysfunction. Here, we tested whether peptides containing arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motifs, commonly found on the binding sites of extracellular matrix to integrins, could increase the expression and function of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) in human mesangial cell (HMC), and human aortic smooth muscle (HASMC) cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine (RGDS) promoted an up-regulation in the sGC beta1 subunit steady-state level, both in HMC and HASMC, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The cellular effects of RGDS-stimulation of sGC expression was an enhanced cellular response to sodium nitroprusside, resulting in elevated cGMP levels and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation in both kinds of cells, and an increased NO relaxing effect on cells precontracted with H(2)O(2) or Angiotensin II. Moreover, RGDS was able to restore the sGC levels that had been previously decreased by long term exposure to NO donors. RGDS effects on sGC regulation were due to the specific interaction with alpha(5)beta(1) integrin. To investigate the intracellular mechanisms activated after RGDS cell treatment, pharmacological kinase inhibitors were used. The effect of RGDS on sGC protein content was completely abolished by treating the cells with c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. In addition, c-fos and c-jun were found in the cell nuclei after RGDS treatment, suggesting that the RGDS effect could be mediated by the AP-1 transcription factor. CONCLUSION Results provide evidence of a mechanism able to increase the sGC protein content linked to increased activity in contractile cells, not only in basal conditions, but also after the down-regulation of the receptor by its own substrate. Elucidation of this novel mechanism provides a rationale for future pharmacotherapy in certain vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Díez-Marqués
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871-Madrid, Spain
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Ruiz-Torres MP, Pérez-Rivero G, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Díez-Marqués ML. The Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interactions are Modulated by Extracellular Matrix Proteins. Cell Physiol Biochem 2006; 17:221-32. [PMID: 16790998 DOI: 10.1159/000094127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelium is supported, in normal conditions, by a basement membrane composed, among others, by collagen IV and laminin. Changes in the basement membrane composition could induce changes in endothelial cell modifying their interactions with leukocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were added to cultured human umbilical endothelial cells (HuVEC) previously seeded on collagen IV, collagen I or gelatin. Adhesion of leukocytes to HUVEC and specific cytotoxicity were analysed. PMN adhesion and cytotoxicity were lower whereas those from PBMC were higher when HuVEC were seeded on collagen I, as compared with cells seeded on collagen IV. To analyse the mechanisms involved in these phenomena, P-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and MCP- 1 expression were evaluated in HuVEC seeded on the different ECM components. P-selectin and mRNA expression of VCAM-1 were lower in cells seeded on collagen I. By contrast, MCP-1 expression was higher in collagen I. Collagen I-dependent effects were partially prevented when collagen I was treated with pepsin. ILK activity was lower in cells seeded on collagen I, whereas ERK 1/2 activity was enhanced. ILK overexpression reduced ERK 1/2 phosphorylation and this could promote the reduction in P-selectin and the increase in MCP-1. CONCLUSION Collagen I decreased ILK activity and this would induce an increase in ERK 1/2 activity in HuVEC. As a consequence, the P-selectin content is diminished and, by contrast, the MCP-1 content is increased. The final effect is a lower recruitment of PMN and a higher adhesion of PBMC.
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41
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Ruiz-Torres MP, López-Ongil S, Griera M, Díez-Marqués ML, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. The accumulation of extracellular matrix in the kidney: consequences on cellular function. J Nephrol 2005; 18:334-40. [PMID: 16013026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in the progression of chronic renal disease (CRD) have not been completely clarified. A role for hyperfiltration and increased intraglomerular pressure was proposed about twenty years ago, and experimental and clinical evidence supports, at least partially, this hypothesis. Moreover, a lot of experimental data point to the importance of different autacoids, including prostanoids, endothelial vasoactive factors, reactive oxygen species, cytokines and growth factors, in the genesis of the changes that characterize CRD. However, alternative mechanisms of progression may be involved such as the presence of abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in kidney structures. By modifying the phenotype of renal cells, they may constitute a key factor in disease progression. Experimental studies support this hypothesis. Human mesangial cells cultured on collagen I (COLI) synthesize increased amounts of TGFss1 compared with cells cultured on collagen IV (COLIV). As a consequence of this increased TGFBeta1 synthesis, they also produce more collagens and fibronectin. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured on COLI show a different pattern of endothelial vasoactive factor synthesis, compared with those on COLIV: they synthesize more endothelin-1 and less nitric oxide. Integrins and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) play a significant role in the genesis of these changes. Although an extrapolation of these data to human diseases can not be performed, they point to alternative mechanisms of chronic renal damage progression or renal dysfunction in kidney diseases. They also point to potential therapeutic targets such as integrins and ILK.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Piedad Ruiz-Torres
- Research Unit and Nephrology Section, Hospital Principe de Asturias and Instituto Reina Sofia, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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López-Ongil S, Díez-Marqués ML, Griera M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Crosstalk Between Mesangial and Endothelial Cells: Angiotensin II Down-Regulates Endothelin-Converting Enzyme 1. Cell Physiol Biochem 2005; 15:135-44. [PMID: 15665524 DOI: 10.1159/000083646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2004] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since mesangial and endothelial cells interact in the kidney, the present experiments were designed to analyze the ability of human mesangial cells (HMC) to modulate endothelin-1 (ET-1) synthesis by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HuVEC). METHODS AND RESULTS The supernatants of HuVEC/HMC contained significantly lower amounts of ET-1 than those of HuVEC alone. This effect was not due to a decreased prepro-ET-1 mRNA expression and was only partially the consequence of HMC-dependent ET-1 degradation. Therefore, we tested the influence of the coculture on endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), and found a significant reduction of its mRNA and protein levels as well as a decreased activity in HuVEC/HMC as compared to HuVEC alone. Using a pharmacological blockade approach (sulotrobam, BN52021, losartan or catalase), losartan was shown to completely abolish down-regulation of ECE-1 observed in HuVEC/HMC. Angiotensin II (AII) induced a dose and time-dependent inhibition of ECE-1 expression in HuVEC. CONCLUSIONS These results support the importance of cross-talk among different cell types in the regulation of vascular or renal function. ET-1, and particularly ECE-1, might constitute a target in this regulation. In addition, locally synthesized AII could be one of the mediators involved in the down-regulation of ECE-1.
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Ortega-Velazquez R, Gonzalez-Rubio M, Ruiz-Torres MP, Diez-Marques ML, Iglesias MC, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Collagen I upregulates extracellular matrix gene expression and secretion of TGF-β1 by cultured human mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004; 286:C1335-43. [PMID: 14761892 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00279.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Progressive renal diseases are characterized by an increased synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The mechanisms involved in the development of these alterations are not completely known, but a crucial role for TGF-β1 has been suggested. Moreover, the ability of the ECM to modulate the phenotypic expression of different cell types has been widely described. In experiments presented here, human mesangial cells (HMC) were grown on collagen type I (COL I) or IV (COL IV). ECM protein and TGF-β1 mRNA expression were evaluated by Northern blot analysis, and TGF-β1 secretion was evaluated by ELISA. The involvement of tyrosine kinase and serine-threonine kinase pathways was studied by Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, and in vitro kinase assays. HMC cultured on COL I showed an increased mRNA expression of COL I and COL IV, fibronectin, and TGF-β1. Both tyrosine phosphorylation and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) activity increased when HMC were cultured on COL I, and blockade of these pathways inhibited the increased secretion of TGF-β1. In conclusion, the present results support a role for extracellular COL I in the regulation of TGF-β1 synthesis during progressive renal sclerosis and fibrosis and the subsequent increase in newly synthesized ECM proteins. In addition, ILK, along with the tyrosine kinases, participates in the genesis of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ortega-Velazquez
- Department of Physiology, Alcala University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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44
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Ortega-Velázquez R, Díez-Marqués ML, Ruiz-Torres MP, González-Rubio M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez Puyol D. Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptide stimulates transforming growth factor beta1 transcription and secretion through integrin activation. FASEB J 2003; 17:1529-31. [PMID: 12824296 DOI: 10.1096/fj.02-0785fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) components, through specific peptide motifs such as Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), interact with integrins and can modify the behavior of cells. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is the main cytokine involved in the synthesis of ECM proteins. We analyzed the effect of a RGD-containing peptide, as Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), on the regulation of TGF-beta1 secretion in cultured human mesangial cells. We found that RGDS increased mRNA expression and secretion of TGF-beta1 by stimulating the TGF-beta1 gene promoter. This effect was dependent on the interaction of RGDS with integrins. We evaluated the signaling pathways implicated in TGF-beta1 production by analyzing the effect of RGDS on kinase-related integrins. RGDS stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation as well as integrin-linked kinase (ILK) activity. However, tyrosine kinase inhibitors did not prevent the RGDS effect. In contrast, the inhibition of ILK by cell transfection with a kinase dead-ILK completely abolished the increased TGF-beta1 secretion and promoter activity in the presence of RGDS. Thus RGDS modulates the secretion of TGF-beta1, probably through increased synthesis by interacting with integrins and activating ILK. This supports a role for ECM components in the regulation of their own secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ortega-Velázquez
- Department of Physiology, Alcalá University, Nephrology Section, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, and IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
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45
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Rodríguez-Puyol M, Griera-Merino M, Pérez-Rivero G, Díez-Marqués ML, Ruiz-Torres MP, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Angiotensin II induces a rapid and transient increase of reactive oxygen species. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002; 4:869-75. [PMID: 12573135 DOI: 10.1089/152308602762197407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) exhibit a hypertrophic and contractile response after angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment, and the NADH/NADPH oxidase-dependent synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) seems to play a central role in these responses. Present experiments were designed to analyze the mechanisms responsible for the rapid changes induced by Ang II in the intracellular H(2)O(2) concentration in VSMC. Ang II induced a quick and transient increase of dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCHF) fluorescence in VSMC, an effect that was completely abolished by catalase and by diethyldithiocarbamate, a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase inhibitor. Losartan and pertussis toxin prevented the stimulatory effect of Ang II. Both diphenylene iodonium (NADH/NADPH oxidase blocker) and 3-(4-octadecylbenzoyl)acrylic acid (phospholipase A2 blocker) inhibited the changes in DCHF fluorescence induced by Ang II, in a dose-dependent fashion, and the effects of both inhibitors were additive. These data demonstrate that Ang II induces a very quick and transient increase of H(2)O(2) in VSMC. This effect depends on the receptor type 1, is linked to a G protein, and involves both NADH/NADPH oxidase and phospholipase A2 activation. The mechanism may be related to the previously proposed role of H(2)O(2) in the genesis of the Ang II-induced cell contraction.
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MESH Headings
- Acrylates/pharmacology
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzoates
- Catalase/metabolism
- Catalase/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Ditiocarb/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Fluoresceins/chemistry
- Fluoresceins/metabolism
- Fluorescence
- Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
- Indomethacin/pharmacology
- Losartan/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors
- NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism
- Onium Compounds/pharmacology
- Pertussis Toxin/pharmacology
- Phospholipases A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Phospholipases A/metabolism
- Phospholipases A2
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
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46
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Saura M, Zaragoza C, Cao W, Bao C, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Lowenstein CJ. Smad2 mediates transforming growth factor-beta induction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. Circ Res 2002; 91:806-13. [PMID: 12411395 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000040397.23817.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) increases expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), although the precise mechanism by which it does so is unclear. We report that Smad2, a transcription factor activated by TGF-beta, mediates TGF-beta induction of eNOS in endothelial cells. TGF-beta induces Smad2 translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus, where it directly interacts with a specific region of the eNOS promoter. Overexpression of Smad2 increases basal levels of eNOS, and further increases TGF-beta stimulation of eNOS expression. Ectopic expression of Smurf, an antagonizer of Smad2, decreases Smad2 expression and blocks TGF-beta induction of eNOS. Because Smad2 can interact with a variety of transcription factors, coactivators, and corepressors, Smad2 may thus act as an integrator of multiple signals in the regulation of eNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Saura
- Department of Physiology, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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47
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González-Santiago L, López-Ongil S, Griera M, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Regulation of endothelin synthesis by extracellular matrix in human endothelial cells. Kidney Int 2002; 62:537-43. [PMID: 12110015 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular diseases are characterized by the presence of structural changes and the progressive loss of endothelial function. Although the biochemical basis of these structural changes have started to be outlined, it seems that accumulation of normal extracellular matrix proteins as well as the appearance of interstitial collagens, mainly collagen type I, characterize this process. On the other hand, a role for endothelial vasoactive factors has been proposed in the genesis of endothelial dysfunction, and it is generally accepted that changes in extracellular matrix composition may modify cell behavior. METHODS Experiments were designed to test the influence of the supporting matrix on endothelin-1 (ET-1) synthesis by endothelial cells. Northern blot experiments were performed to analyze the prepro-endothelin-1 (prepro-ET-1) mRNA expression. ET-1 production was measured by ELISA. RESULTS Cells grown on collagen type I (Col I) showed an increase of prepro-ET-1 mRNA level when compared with cells cultured on collagen type IV (Col IV). According to these results, the release of ET-1 to culture medium was also higher in Col I-grown cells than in those cultured on Col IV. Treatment of cells with a peptide that interferes with Col I integrins (D6Y), or with protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as genistein and herbimycin, completely abolished the effect of Col I. Moreover, experiments with antibodies against integrins suggest that these cell surface receptors could be involved in the modulation of ET-1 system by extracellular matrix. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the presence of an abnormal extracellular matrix could stimulate endothelin synthesis by human endothelial cells, through integrin activation.
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Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, considered as a defective vascular dilatation after certain stimuli, is characteristic of different pathological conditions, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, or diabetes. A decreased synthesis or an increased degradation of nitric oxide (NO) has been postulated as the mechanism responsible for this alteration. The present experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that the presence of an abnormal extracellular matrix in vessel walls could be responsible for the decreased NO synthesis observed in these pathological conditions. Experiments were performed in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) grown on type IV (Col. IV) or type I (Col. I) collagen. Cells seeded on Col. I showed decreased nitrite synthesis, nitric oxide synthase activity, eNOS protein content, and eNOS mRNA expression when compared with cells grown on Col. IV. Moreover, cells grown on Col. I failed to respond to glucose oxidase activation of the eNOS system. In both cases, the changes in the eNOS mRNA expression seemed to depend on the modulation of eNOS promoter activity. The downregulation of eNOS induced by Col. I was blocked by D6Y, a peptide that interferes with the Col. I-dependent signals through integrins, as well as by specific anti-integrin antibodies. Moreover, a decreased activation of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) may explain the effects observed in Col. I-cultured cells because the activity of this kinase was decreased in these cells and ILK modulation prevented the Col. I-induced changes in HUVECs. Taken together, these findings may contribute to explaining the basis of endothelial dysfunction in some vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González-Santiago
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá University, and Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Madrid, Spain
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López-Ongil S, Saura M, Zaragoza C, Gónzalez-Santiago L, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Lowenstein CJ, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Hydrogen peroxide regulation of bovine endothelin-converting enzyme-1. Free Radic Biol Med 2002; 32:406-13. [PMID: 11864780 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00822-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular injury leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the mechanisms by which ROS contribute to vascular pathology are not completely understood. We hypothesized that ROS increase endothelin converting enzyme (ECE-1) expression. We found that glucose oxidase (GO) increases ECE-1 mRNA, protein, and activity in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Catalase abolishes this effect. Glucose oxidase treatment of endothelial cells transactivates the ECE-1 promoter. The ECE-1 promoter element that mediates this response to GO is located between -444 and -216 bp. This region contains a STAT response element, and GO activates STAT-3 binding to this STAT response element. Our data suggest that STAT3 mediates hydrogen peroxide induction of ECE-1 expression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/genetics
- Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Catalase/metabolism
- Cattle
- Cell Nucleus
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytosol
- DNA Primers/chemistry
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Endothelin-Converting Enzymes
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/physiology
- Glucose Oxidase/pharmacology
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology
- Luciferases/metabolism
- Metalloendopeptidases
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor
- Sequence Deletion
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- S López-Ongil
- Department of Physiology and IRSIN, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
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50
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López-Ongil S, González-Santiago L, Griera M, Molpeceres J, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Rodríguez-Puyol D. Mechanisms involved in the relaxation of bovine aortic endothelial cells. Life Sci 2001; 70:699-714. [PMID: 11833719 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The importance of endothelial cell contraction in the regulation of vascular biology is being increasingly recognized. Our group has demonstrated that reactive oxygen species, particularly hydrogen peroxide, which are released in pathological conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion, are able to induce contraction in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). The cGMP-dependent relaxation of contractile cells depends on the ability of the cyclic nucleotide to interfere with intracellular calcium; however, this is not the only mechanism involved. The present experiments were designed to analyse the mechanism by which cGMP induces relaxation in BAEC. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, as well as atrial natriuretic (ANP) and C-type natriuretic (CNP) peptides, activators of particulate guanylate cyclase, blunted the hydrogen peroxide-induced contraction of BAEC and myosin light chain phosphorylation. The inhibitory effect was more marked with SNP and CNP than with ANP, and the action of SNP and CNP were partially reversed by blocking soluble and particulate guanylate cyclases, respectively. Dibutyryl cGMP (db-cGMP), a cGMP analogue, mimicked the effect of SNP and CNP. Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) protein levels and activity were measured. Hydrogen peroxide induced a significant reduction in cGK activity without any change in protein level. This effect was completely reversed by preincubation with db-cGMP. Calyculin A, a myosin light chain phosphatase inhibitor, prevented the cGMP-induced relaxation of BAEC. SNP, CNP and db-cGMP also partially prevented the hydrogen peroxide-induced increase in intracellular calcium levels. Catalase completely blocked this effect. In summary, the present results support a role for those metabolites which activate guanylate cyclases in the relaxation of BAEC, and suggest that the cGMP-induced BAEC relaxation could be due, at least partially, to the stimulation of cGK and/or myosin light chain phosphatase activity, and to calcium blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- S López-Ongil
- Department of Physiology, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain
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