1
|
Han X, Knauss EA, Fuente MDL, Li W, Conlon RA, LePage DF, Jiang W, Renna SA, McKenzie SE, Nieman MT. A mouse model of the protease-activated receptor 4 Pro310Leu variant has reduced platelet reactivity. J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00161-2. [PMID: 38508397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) mediates thrombin signaling on platelets and other cells. Our recent structural studies demonstrated that a single nucleotide polymorphism in extracellular loop 3 and PAR4-P310L (rs2227376) leads to a hyporeactive receptor. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine how the hyporeactive PAR4 variant in extracellular loop 3 impacts platelet function in vivo using a novel knock-in mouse model (PAR4-322L). METHODS A point mutation was introduced into the PAR4 gene F2rl3 via CRISPR/Cas9 to create PAR4-P322L, the mouse homolog to human PAR4-P310L. Platelet response to PAR4 activation peptide (AYPGKF), thrombin, ADP, and convulxin was monitored by αIIbβ3 integrin activation and P-selectin translocation using flow cytometry or platelet aggregation. In vivo responses were determined by the tail bleeding assay and the ferric chloride-induced carotid artery injury model. RESULTS PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L platelets had a reduced response to AYPGKF and thrombin measured by P-selectin translocation or αIIbβ3 activation. The response to ADP and convulxin was unchanged among genotypes. In addition, both PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L platelets showed a reduced response to thrombin in aggregation studies. There was an increase in the tail bleeding time for PAR4-L/L mice. The PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L mice both showed an extended time to arterial thrombosis. CONCLUSION PAR4-322L significantly reduced platelet responsiveness to AYPGKF and thrombin, which is in agreement with our previous structural and cell signaling studies. In addition, PAR4-322L had prolonged arterial thrombosis time. Our mouse model provides a foundation to further evaluate the role of PAR4 in other pathophysiological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Knauss
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ronald A Conlon
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - David F LePage
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie A Renna
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven E McKenzie
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marvin T Nieman
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ferraz FQ, Vendrell A, Perez-Fernandez S, Fuente MDL, Merino-Pérez A, Ferrando M, Matorras R. Safety of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) as additive to healthy human sperm samples: a pilot study. JBRA Assist Reprod 2024. [PMID: 38381777 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20230075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to assess if the addition of PRGF to healthy human sperm affects its motility and vitality. METHODS This was a prospective study, with 44 sperm donors on whom sperm analysis was performed. Nine mL of blood was collected and PRGF was obtained using PRGF-Endoret® technology. The influence of different dilutions of PRGF (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%) applied to 15 sperm donors was compared, and sperm motility was assessed after 30 minutes. In the second part of the study, 29 sperm donors were studied to analyze the influence of 20% dilution of PRGF at 15, 30 and 45 minutes in fresh and thawed sperm samples. Motility was assessed after the addition of PRGF and after analysis each aliquot was frozen. After thawing, concentration and motility were assessed at the same time periods. RESULTS There were no differences in sperm motility in fresh samples between dilutions of PRGF when assessed 30 minutes after administration, nor between them, nor when compared to the control group immediately prior to treatment. No trend was observed between motility and PRGF dilution in linear regression analysis. There were no significant differences in thawed samples. CONCLUSIONS The administration of 20% PRGF dilution had no effect on sperm motility compared to samples without PRGF. In addition, there was no change in sperm vitality when comparing samples with and without PRGF. More studies focusing on subnormal sperm samples, analyzing different PRGF concentrations and increasing the number of study variables are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Ferrando
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), IVIRMA, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Roberto Matorras
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), IVIRMA, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Biocruces Health Research Institute, Baracaldo 48903, Spain
- Cruces University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Baracaldo 48903, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han X, Knauss EA, de la Fuente M, Li W, Conlon RA, LePage DF, Jiang W, Renna SA, McKenzie SE, Nieman MT. A Mouse Model of the Protease Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4) Pro310Leu Variant has Reduced Platelet Reactivity. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.01.569075. [PMID: 38077081 PMCID: PMC10705540 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) mediates thrombin signaling on platelets and other cells. Our recent structural studies demonstrated a single nucleotide polymorphism in extracellular loop 3 (ECL3), PAR4-P310L (rs2227376) leads to a hypo-reactive receptor. Objectives The goal of this study was to determine how the hypo-reactive PAR4 variant in ECL3 impacts platelet function in vivo using a novel knock-in mouse model (PAR4-322L). Methods A point mutation was introduced into the PAR4 gene, F2rl3, via CRISPR/Cas9 to create PAR4-P322L, the mouse homolog to human PAR4-P310L. Platelet response to PAR4 activation peptide (AYPGKF), thrombin, ADP, and convulxin was monitored by αIIbβ3 integrin activation and P-selectin translocation using flow cytometry or platelet aggregation. In vivo responses were determined by the tail bleeding assay and the ferric chloride-induced carotid artery injury model. Results PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L platelets had a reduced response to AYPGKF and thrombin measured by P-selectin translocation or αIIbβ3 activation. The response to ADP and convulxin was unchanged among genotypes. In addition, both PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L platelets showed a reduced response to thrombin in aggregation studies. There was an increase in the tail bleeding time for PAR4-L/L mice. The PAR4-P/L and PAR4-L/L mice both showed an extended time to arterial thrombosis. Conclusions PAR4-322L significantly reduced platelet responsiveness to AYPGKF and thrombin, which is in agreement with our previous structural and cell signaling studies. In addition, PAR4-322L had prolonged arterial thrombosis time. Our mouse model provides a foundation to further evaluate the role of PAR4 in other pathophysiological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Knauss
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University, Huntington, WV United States
| | - Ronald A Conlon
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - David F. LePage
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Case Transgenic and Targeting Facility, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| | - Stephanie A. Renna
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA United States
| | - Steven E. McKenzie
- Department of Medicine, The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA United States
| | - Marvin T. Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Girish A, Jolly K, Alsaadi N, de la Fuente M, Recchione A, An R, Disharoon D, Secunda Z, Raghunathan S, Luc NF, Desai C, Knauss E, Han X, Hu K, Wang H, Sekhon UDS, Rohner N, Gurkan UA, Nieman M, Neal MD, Sen Gupta A. Platelet-Inspired Intravenous Nanomedicine for Injury-Targeted Direct Delivery of Thrombin to Augment Hemostasis in Coagulopathies. ACS Nano 2022; 16:16292-16313. [PMID: 35916497 PMCID: PMC10195184 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Severe hemorrhage associated with trauma, surgery, and congenital or drug-induced coagulopathies can be life-threatening and requires rapid hemostatic management via topical, intracavitary, or intravenous routes. For injuries that are not easily accessible externally, intravenous hemostatic approaches are needed. The clinical gold standard for this is transfusion of blood products, but due to donor dependence, specialized storage requirements, high risk of contamination, and short shelf life, blood product use faces significant challenges. Consequently, recent research efforts are being focused on designing biosynthetic intravenous hemostats, using intravenous nanoparticles and polymer systems. Here we report on the design and evaluation of thrombin-loaded injury-site-targeted lipid nanoparticles (t-TLNPs) that can specifically localize at an injury site via platelet-mimetic anchorage to the von Willebrand factor (vWF) and collagen and directly release thrombin via diffusion and phospholipase-triggered particle destabilization, which can locally augment fibrin generation from fibrinogen for hemostatic action. We evaluated t-TLNPs in vitro in human blood and plasma, where hemostatic defects were created by platelet depletion and anticoagulation. Spectrophotometric studies of fibrin generation, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM)-based studies of clot viscoelasticity, and BioFlux-based real-time imaging of fibrin generation under simulated vascular flow conditions confirmed that t-TLNPs can restore fibrin in hemostatic dysfunction settings. Finally, the in vivo feasibility of t-TLNPs was tested by prophylactic administration in a tail-clip model and emergency administration in a liver-laceration model in mice with induced hemostatic defects. Treatment with t-TLNPs was able to significantly reduce bleeding in both models. Our studies demonstrate an intravenous nanomedicine approach for injury-site-targeted direct delivery of thrombin to augment hemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Girish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ketan Jolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Nijmeh Alsaadi
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15123, United States
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Arielle Recchione
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Dante Disharoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zachary Secunda
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15123, United States
| | - Shruti Raghunathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Norman F Luc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Cian Desai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Elizabeth Knauss
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Keren Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hanyang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ujjal Didar Singh Sekhon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Nathan Rohner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Umut A Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Marvin Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Matthew D Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15123, United States
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cruz MA, Bohinc D, Andraska EA, Alvikas J, Raghunathan S, Masters NA, van Kleef ND, Bane KL, Hart K, Medrow K, Sun M, Liu H, Haldeman S, Banerjee A, Lessieur EM, Hageman K, Gandhi A, de la Fuente M, Nieman MT, Kern TS, Maas C, de Maat S, Neeves KB, Neal MD, Sen Gupta A, Stavrou EX. Nanomedicine platform for targeting activated neutrophils and neutrophil-platelet complexes using an α 1-antitrypsin-derived peptide motif. Nat Nanotechnol 2022; 17:1004-1014. [PMID: 35851383 PMCID: PMC9909445 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery to disease-associated activated neutrophils can provide novel therapeutic opportunities while avoiding systemic effects on immune functions. We created a nanomedicine platform that uniquely utilizes an α1-antitrypsin-derived peptide to confer binding specificity to neutrophil elastase on activated neutrophils. Surface decoration with this peptide enabled specific anchorage of nanoparticles to activated neutrophils and platelet-neutrophil aggregates, in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticle delivery of a model drug, hydroxychloroquine, demonstrated significant reduction of neutrophil activities in vitro and a therapeutic effect on murine venous thrombosis in vivo. This innovative approach of cell-specific and activation-state-specific targeting can be applied to several neutrophil-driven pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Cruz
- Department of Pathology, Immunology Training Program, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dillon Bohinc
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Andraska
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jurgis Alvikas
- Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shruti Raghunathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole A Masters
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Nadine D van Kleef
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kara L Bane
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kathryn Hart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kathryn Medrow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shannon Haldeman
- Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emma M Lessieur
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kara Hageman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Agharnan Gandhi
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Marvin T Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center Research Service, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Coen Maas
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven de Maat
- CDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Keith B Neeves
- Department of Bioengineering and Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew D Neal
- Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh Trauma Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Immunology Training Program, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Evi X Stavrou
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Louis Stokes Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Agirregoikoa JA, de Pablo JL, de la Fuente M, Anitua E. Potential of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF-Endoret) to Enhance the Efficacy of Assisted Reproductive Techniques in Refractory Cases. Cureus 2022; 14:e26623. [PMID: 35949801 PMCID: PMC9356660 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Nowadays, infertility problems affect a high percentage of couples. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF-Endoret, hereafter PRGF) as a promising coadjuvant therapy in assisted reproductive techniques and its possible role in implantation and pregnancy rates. This retrospective study included 36 PRGF cycles in 27 women with one of the following reproductive disorders: recurrent implantation failure (n = 16), repeated abortion (n = 8), and thin endometrium (n = 3). Methods: PRGF was obtained from each patient and administered as three consecutive intrauterine instillations. The endometrial thickness was measured after each PRGF infusion and a good-quality embryo transfer was performed for every patient. Endometrial thickness, biochemical pregnancy, and miscarriage rate were the primary measured outcomes. Results: PRGF increased the endometrial growth respecting the initial thickness in all cases. The biochemical pregnancy rate determined as positive beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) was 59%, considering the total number of patients; the ongoing pregnancy percentage was 48%. PRGF application day was relevant with a significant probability of achieving pregnancy (p < 0.01) when the first PRGF infusion was carried out beyond 6.5 days after the first day of the woman's cycle and the second one beyond 9.5 days of the menstrual cycle. Conclusions: Intrauterine autologous PRGF infusion is a safe, easily accessible, and inexpensive therapy that could collaborate in fertility treatments by optimizing the endometrium for implantation and thus favoring the crosstalk between the embryo and the uterus improving the embryo-maternal dialogue.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jatal R, Mendes Saraiva S, Vázquez-Vázquez C, Lelievre E, Coqueret O, López-López R, de la Fuente M. Sphingomyelin nanosystems decorated with TSP-1 derived peptide targeting senescent cells. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
8
|
Sekhon UDS, Swingle K, Girish A, Luc N, de la Fuente M, Alvikas J, Haldeman S, Hassoune A, Shah K, Kim Y, Eppell S, Capadona J, Shoffstall A, Neal MD, Li W, Nieman M, Gupta AS. Platelet-mimicking procoagulant nanoparticles augment hemostasis in animal models of bleeding. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabb8975. [PMID: 35080915 PMCID: PMC9179936 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb8975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of bleeding disorders using transfusion of donor-derived platelets faces logistical challenges due to their limited availability, high risk of contamination, and short (5 to 7 days) shelf life. These challenges could be potentially addressed by designing platelet mimetics that emulate the adhesion, aggregation, and procoagulant functions of platelets. To this end, we created liposome-based platelet-mimicking procoagulant nanoparticles (PPNs) that can expose the phospholipid phosphatidylserine on their surface in response to plasmin. First, we tested PPNs in vitro using human plasma and demonstrated plasmin-triggered exposure of phosphatidylserine and the resultant assembly of coagulation factors on the PPN surface. We also showed that this phosphatidylserine exposed on the PPN surface could restore and enhance thrombin generation and fibrin formation in human plasma depleted of platelets. In human plasma and whole blood in vitro, PPNs improved fibrin stability and clot robustness in a fibrinolytic environment. We then tested PPNs in vivo in a mouse model of thrombocytopenia where treatment with PPNs reduced blood loss in a manner comparable to treatment with syngeneic platelets. Furthermore, in rat and mouse models of traumatic hemorrhage, treatment with PPNs substantially reduced bleeding and improved survival. No sign of systemic or off-target thrombotic risks was observed in the animal studies. These findings demonstrate the potential of PPNs as a platelet surrogate that should be further investigated for the management of bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Didar Singh Sekhon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Corresponding author. (U.D.S.S); (A.S.G.)
| | - Kelsey Swingle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Aditya Girish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Norman Luc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jurgis Alvikas
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15123, USA
| | - Shannon Haldeman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15123, USA
| | - Adnan Hassoune
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15123, USA
| | - Kaisal Shah
- Hathaway Brown School, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA
| | - Youjoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Steven Eppell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Andrew Shoffstall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15123, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine of Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | - Marvin Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Corresponding author. (U.D.S.S); (A.S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bouck EG, de la Fuente M, Zunica ER, Li W, Mumaw MM, Nieman MT. Murine cadherin-6 mediates thrombosis in vivo in a platelet-independent manner. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:125-131. [PMID: 33537536 PMCID: PMC7845066 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet adhesion is the critical process mediating stable thrombus formation. Previous reports of cadherin-6 on human platelets have demonstrated its role in platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to further characterize the importance of cadherin-6 in thrombosis in vivo. METHODS Cadherin-6 platelet expression was evaluated by western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunoprecipitation. Thrombosis was evaluated using the FeCl3 and Rose Bengal carotid artery models in C57Bl6 mice treated with anti-cadherin-6 or IgG and wild-type or Cdh6-/- mice. Platelet function was compared in wild-type and Cdh6-/- mice using tail-clip assays, aggregometry, and flow cytometry. RESULTS Human platelet expression of cadherin-6 was confirmed at ~3000 copies per platelet. Cdh6-/- mice or those treated with anti-cadherin-6 antibody showed an increased time to occlusion in both thrombosis models. Cadherin-6 was not expressed on mouse platelets, and there were no differences in tail bleeding times, platelet aggregation, or platelet activation in wild-type versus Cdh6-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Cadherin-6 plays an essential role in thrombosis in vivo. However, cadherin-6 is not expressed on murine platelets. These data are in contrast to human platelets, which express a functional cadherin-6/catenin complex. The essential, platelet-independent role for cadherin-6 in hemostasis may allow it to be an effective and safe therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma G. Bouck
- Department of PharmacologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | | | | | - Wei Li
- Deparmtent of Biomedical SciencesMarshall University Joan C. Edwards School of MedicineHuntingtonWVUSA
| | - Michele M. Mumaw
- Department of PharmacologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Marvin T. Nieman
- Department of PharmacologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Han X, de la Fuente M, Nieman MT. Complement factor C4a does not activate protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) or PAR4 on human platelets. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:104-110. [PMID: 33537534 PMCID: PMC7845074 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protease-activated receptor (PAR) 1 and PAR4 are key thrombin signal mediators for human platelet activation and aggregation in response to vascular injury. They are primarily activated by thrombin cleavage of the N-terminus to expose a tethered ligand. In addition to the canonical activation by thrombin, a growing panel of proteases can also elicit PAR1- or PAR4-mediated signal transduction. Recently, complement factor C4a was reported as the first endogenous agonist for both PAR1 and PAR4. Further, it is the first endogenous nontethered ligand that activates PAR1 and PAR4. These studies were conducted with human microvascular cells; the impact of C4a on platelet PARs is unknown. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to interrogate PAR1 and PAR4 activation by C4a on human platelets. METHODS Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was isolated from healthy donors. PRP was stimulated with C4a, and the platelet aggregation was measured. Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 Flp-In T-rex cells were used to further test if C4a stimulation can initiate PAR1- or PAR4-mediated Gαq signaling, which was measured by intracellular calcium mobilization. RESULTS C4a failed to elicit platelet aggregation via PAR1- or PAR4-mediated manner. In addition, no PAR1- or PAR4-mediated calcium mobilization was observed upon C4a stimulation on HEK293 cells. CONCLUSIONS Complement factor C4a does not activate PAR1 or PAR4 on human platelets. These data show that PAR1 and PAR4 activation by C4a on microvascular cells likely requires a cofactor, which reinforces the concept of cell type-specific regulation of protease signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of PharmacologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | | | - Marvin T. Nieman
- Department of PharmacologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Han X, Hofmann L, de la Fuente M, Alexander N, Palczewski K, Nieman MT. PAR4 activation involves extracellular loop 3 and transmembrane residue Thr153. Blood 2020; 136:2217-2228. [PMID: 32575122 PMCID: PMC7645988 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) mediates sustained thrombin signaling in platelets and is required for a stable thrombus. PAR4 is activated by proteolysis of the N terminus to expose a tethered ligand. The structural basis for PAR4 activation and the location of its ligand binding site (LBS) are unknown. Using hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/D exchange), computational modeling, and signaling studies, we determined the molecular mechanism for tethered ligand-mediated PAR4 activation. H/D exchange identified that the LBS is composed of transmembrane 3 (TM3) domain and TM7. Unbiased computational modeling further predicted an interaction between Gly48 from the tethered ligand and Thr153 from the LBS. Mutating Thr153 significantly decreased PAR4 signaling. H/D exchange and modeling also showed that extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) serves as a gatekeeper for the interaction between the tethered ligand and LBS. A naturally occurring sequence variant (P310L, rs2227376) and 2 experimental mutations (S311A and P312L) determined that the rigidity conferred by prolines in ECL3 are essential for PAR4 activation. Finally, we examined the role of the polymorphism at position 310 in venous thromboembolism (VTE) using the International Network Against Venous Thrombosis (INVENT) consortium multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis. Individuals with the PAR4 Leu310 allele had a 15% reduction in relative risk for VTE (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-0.94) compared with the Pro310 allele. These data are consistent with our H/D exchange, molecular modeling, and signaling studies. In conclusion, we have uncovered the structural basis for PAR4 activation and identified a previously unrecognized role for PAR4 in VTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and
| | | | - Nathan Alexander
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and
| | | | - Marvin T Nieman
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Anitua E, de la Fuente M, Del Olmo-Aguado S, Suarez-Barrio C, Merayo-Lloves J, Muruzabal F. Plasma rich in growth factors reduces blue light-induced oxidative damage on retinal pigment epithelial cells and restores their homeostasis by modulating vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelium-derived factor expression. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 48:830-838. [PMID: 32342597 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analysed the effectiveness of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in reducing the oxidative stress induced by blue light exposition on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS Blood from six healthy donors was collected to obtain the PRGF. Retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells were exposed to blue light. Then, cells were incubated with PRGF or with control for 24 and 48 hours maintaining exposure to blue light. The cytoprotective effect of PRGF on ARPE cells was evaluated by measuring the cell viability, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the expression of different proteins such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). RESULTS The cell viability increased significantly at 24 and 48 hours after PRGF treatment compared to the control group. ROS synthesis was significantly reduced in PRGF-treated cells with respect to control. Furthermore, the levels of HO-1, SOD-1 and AIF were significantly reduced after PRGF treatment at both times of treatment. However, CAT levels were only significantly reduced after PRGF treatment at 48 hours. The high expression of VEGF by RPE cells exposed to blue light was only counterbalanced in the PRGF group by increasing the expression of PEDF in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION The present results show that PRGF treatment reduces the cytotoxic effects induced in RPE cells exposed to an oxidative stress environment. Furthermore, PRGF treatment preserves the mitochondrial activity and cell viability of RPE cells subjected to an oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Susana Del Olmo-Aguado
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica & Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlota Suarez-Barrio
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica & Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesus Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica & Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco Muruzabal
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nagachinta S, Becker G, Dammicco S, Serrano ME, Leroi N, Bahri MA, Plenevaux A, Lemaire C, Lopez R, Luxen A, de la Fuente M. Radiolabelling of lipid-based nanocarriers with fluorine-18 for in vivo tracking by PET. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
14
|
de la Fuente M, Han X, Miyagi M, Nieman MT. Expression and Purification of Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4) and Analysis with Histidine Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange. Biochemistry 2020; 59:671-681. [PMID: 31957446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are G-protein-coupled receptors that are activated by proteolysis of the N-terminus, which exposes a tethered ligand that interacts with the receptor. Numerous studies have focused on the signaling pathways mediated by PARs. However, the structural basis for initiation of these pathways is unknown. Here, we describe a strategy for the expression and purification of PAR4. This is the first PAR family member to be isolated without stabilizing modifications for biophysical studies. We monitored PAR4 activation with histidine hydrogen-deuterium exchange. PAR4 has nine histidines that are spaced throughout the protein, allowing a global view of solvent accessible and nonaccessible regions. Peptides containing each of the nine His residues were used to determine the t1/2 for each His residue in apo or thrombin-activated PAR4. The thrombin-cleaved PAR4 exhibited a 2-fold increase (p > 0.01) in t1/2 values observed for four histidine residues (His180, His229, His240, and His380), demonstrating that these regions have decreased solvent accessibility upon thrombin treatment. In agreement, thrombin-cleaved PAR4 also was resistant to thermolysin digestion. In contrast, the rate of thermolysin proteolysis following stimulation with the PAR4 activation peptide was the same as that of unstimulated PAR4. Further analysis showed the C-terminus is protected in thrombin-activated PAR4 compared to uncleaved or agonist peptide-treated PAR4. The studies described here are the first to examine the tethered ligand activation mechanism for a PAR family member biophysically and shed light on the overall conformational changes that follow activation of PARs by a protease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-4965 , United States
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Pharmacology , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-4965 , United States
| | - Masaru Miyagi
- Department of Pharmacology , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-4965 , United States
| | - Marvin T Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106-4965 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Montano MM, Yeh IJ, Chen Y, Hernandez C, Kiselar JG, de la Fuente M, Lawes AM, Nieman MT, Kiser PD, Jacobberger J, Exner AA, Lawes MC. Inhibition of the histone demethylase, KDM5B, directly induces re-expression of tumor suppressor protein HEXIM1 in cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:138. [PMID: 31805991 PMCID: PMC6896798 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor suppressor actions of hexamethylene bis-acetamide (HMBA)-inducible protein 1 (HEXIM1) in the breast, prostate, melanomas, and AML have been reported by our group and others. Increased HEXIM1 expression caused differentiation and inhibited proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells. Historically, HEXIM1 has been experimentally induced with the hybrid polar compound HMBA, but HMBA is a poor clinical candidate due to lack of a known target, poor pharmacological properties, and unfavorable ADMETox characteristics. Thus, HEXIM1 induction is an intriguing therapeutic approach to cancer treatment, but requires better chemical tools than HMBA. Methods We identified and verified KDM5B as a target of HEXIM1 inducers using a chemical proteomics approach, biotin–NeutrAvidin pull-down assays, surface plasmon resonance, and molecular docking. The regulation of HEXIM1 by KDM5B and KDM5B inhibitors was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, RT-PCR, western blotting, and depletion of KDM5B with shRNAs. The regulation of breast cancer cell phenotype by KDM5B inhibitors was assessed using western blots, differentiation assays, proliferation assays, and a mouse model of breast cancer metastasis. The relative role of HEXIM1 in the action of KDM5B inhibitors was determined by depleting HEXIM1 using shRNAs followed by western blots, differentiation assays, and proliferation assays. Results We have identified a highly druggable target, KDM5B, which is inhibited by small molecule inducers of HEXIM1. RNAi knockdown of KDM5B induced HEXIM1 expression, thus validating the specific negative regulation of tumor suppressor HEXIM1 by the H3K4me3/2 demethylase KDM5B. Known inhibitors of KDM5B were also able to induce HEXIM1 expression, inhibit cell proliferation, induce differentiation, potentiate sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy, and inhibit breast tumor metastasis. Conclusion HMBA and 4a1 induce HEXIM1 expression by inhibiting KDM5B. Upregulation of HEXIM1 expression levels plays a critical role in the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer cells using KDM5B inhibitors. Based on the novel molecular scaffolds that we identified which more potently induced HEXIM1 expression and data in support that KDM5B is a target of these compounds, we have opened up new lead discovery and optimization directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Montano
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Oncostatyx, 11000 Cedar Avenue Suite 26, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - I-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Chris Hernandez
- General Medical Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Janna G Kiselar
- Department of Radiology, and Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Adriane M Lawes
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Marvin T Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Philip D Kiser
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - James Jacobberger
- General Medical Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Agata A Exner
- Department of Radiology, and Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Matthew C Lawes
- Oncostatyx, 11000 Cedar Avenue Suite 26, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alonso-Nocelo M, Raimondo TM, Vining KH, López-López R, de la Fuente M, Mooney DJ. Matrix stiffness and tumor-associated macrophages modulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition of human adenocarcinoma cells. Biofabrication 2018; 10:035004. [PMID: 29595143 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaafbc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is gaining increasing attention in oncology, as it is recognized to be functionally important during tumor development and progression. Tumors are heterogeneous tissues that, in addition to tumor cells, contain tumor-associated cell types such as immune cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. These other cells, together with the specific extracellular matrix (ECM), create a permissive environment for tumor growth. While the influence of tumor-infiltrating cells and mechanical properties of the ECM in tumor invasion and progression have been studied separately, their interaction within the complex TME and the epithelial -to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is still unclear. In this work, we develop a 3D co-culture model of lung adenocarcinoma cells and macrophages in an interpenetrating network hydrogel, to investigate the influence of the macrophage phenotype and ECM stiffness in the induction of EMT. Rising ECM stiffness increases both tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness. The presence of tumor-associated macrophages and the ECM stiffness jointly contribute to an invasive phenotype, and modulate the expression of key EMT-related markers. Overall, these findings support the utility of in vitro 3D cancer models that allow one to study interactions among key components of the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Nocelo
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), SERGAS, CIBERONC, E-15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rajavel M, Orban T, Xu M, Hernandez-Sanchez W, de la Fuente M, Palczewski K, Taylor DJ. Dynamic peptides of human TPP1 fulfill diverse functions in telomere maintenance. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:10467-10479. [PMID: 27655633 PMCID: PMC5137443 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes that comprise the ends of linear chromosomes. Human telomeres end in a short, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) overhang that is recognized and bound by two telomere proteins, POT1 and TPP1. Whereas POT1 binds directly to telomere ssDNA, its interaction with TPP1 is essential for localization of POT1 to the telomere. TPP1 also provides enhanced binding and sequence discrimination that regulates POT1-TPP1 interactions exclusively with telomere ssDNA. Finally, TPP1 recruits telomerase, the enzyme responsible for synthesis of telomere DNA, to the telomere. While the oligosaccharide-oligonucleotide-binding (OB)-fold domain of TPP1 has been solved by X-ray crystallography, the molecular interactions within the POT1-TPP1-ssDNA ternary complex and the conformational changes that contribute to its diverse functions remain ambiguous. We employed hydrogen/deuterium exchange combined with mass spectrometry to identify three peptides, all residing within the OB-fold of TPP1, that exhibit altered exchange rates upon complex formation or ssDNA binding. Mutation of these regions combined with functional assays revealed the diverse contributions of each moiety in protein-protein interactions, regulating telomerase activity or DNA-binding. Together, these functional data combined with biophysical analyses and homology modeling provide a molecular understanding of the diverse contributions of TPP1 in telomere maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malligarjunan Rajavel
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tivadar Orban
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wilnelly Hernandez-Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Derek J Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA .,Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alonso-Nocelo M, Abellan-Pose R, Vidal A, Abal M, Csaba N, Alonso MJ, Lopez-Lopez R, de la Fuente M. Selective interaction of PEGylated polyglutamic acid nanocapsules with cancer cells in a 3D model of a metastatic lymph node. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:51. [PMID: 27339609 PMCID: PMC4918033 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastases are the most common reason of cancer death in patients with solid tumors. Lymph nodes, once invaded by tumor cells, act as reservoirs before cancer cells spread to distant organs. To address the limited access of intravenously infused chemotherapeutics to the lymph nodes, we have developed PEGylated polyglutamic acid nanocapsules (PGA-PEG NCs), which have shown ability to reach and to accumulate in the lymphatic nodes and could therefore act as nanotransporters. Once in the lymphatics, the idea is that these nanocapsules would selectively interact with cancer cells, while avoiding non-specific interactions with immune cells and the appearance of subsequent immunotoxicity. Results The potential of the PGA-PEG NCs, with a mean size of 100 nm and a negative zeta potential, to selectively reach metastatic cancer cells, has been explored in a novel 3D model that mimics an infiltrated lymph node. Our 3D model, a co-culture of cancer cells and lymphocytes, allows performing experiments under dynamic conditions that simulate the lymphatic flow. After perfusion of the nanocarriers, we observe a selective interaction with the tumor cells. Efficacy studies manifest the need to develop specific therapies addressed to treat metastatic cells that can be in a dormant state. Conclusions We provide evidence of the ability of PGA-PEG NCs to selectively interact with the tumor cells in presence of lymphocytes, highlighting their potential in cancer therapeutics. We also state the importance of designing precise in vitro models that allow performing mechanistic assays, to efficiently develop and evaluate specific therapies to confront the formation of metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Alonso-Nocelo
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raquel Abellan-Pose
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Cell Cycle and Oncology Group CiCLOn, IDIS, Center for Research in Molecular and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Miguel Abal
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noemi Csaba
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Alonso
- Nanobiofar Group, Center for Research in Molecular and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Rafael Lopez-Lopez
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital/SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mullins MR, Rajavel M, Hernandez-Sanchez W, de la Fuente M, Biendarra SM, Harris ME, Taylor DJ. POT1-TPP1 Binding and Unfolding of Telomere DNA Discriminates against Structural Polymorphism. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:2695-708. [PMID: 27173378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes that reside at the ends of linear chromosomes and help maintain genomic integrity. Protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) and TPP1 are telomere-specific proteins that bind as a heterodimer to single-stranded telomere DNA to prevent illicit DNA damage responses and to enhance telomerase-mediated telomere extension. Telomere DNA is guanosine rich and, as such, can form highly stable secondary structures including G-quadruplexes. G-quadruplex DNA folds into different topologies that are determined by several factors including monovalent ion composition and the precise sequence and length of the DNA. Here, we explore the influence of DNA secondary structure on POT1-TPP1 binding. Equilibrium binding assays reveal that the POT1-TPP1 complex binds G-quadruplex structures formed in buffers containing Na(+) with an affinity that is fivefold higher than for G-quadruplex structures formed in the presence of K(+). However, the binding of the second heterodimer is insensitive to DNA secondary structure, presumably due to unfolding resulting from binding of the first POT1-TPP1. We further show that the rate constant for POT1-TPP1-induced unfolding of DNA secondary structure is substantially faster for G-quadruplex topologies formed in the presence of Na(+) ions. When bound to DNA, POT1-TPP1 forms complexes with similar CD spectra and enhances telomerase activity for all DNA substrates tested, regardless of the substrate secondary structure or solution monovalent ion composition. Together, these data indicate that binding of POT1-TPP1 unfolds telomere secondary structure to assist loading of additional heterodimers and to ensure efficient promotion of telomerase-mediated extension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Mullins
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Malligarjunan Rajavel
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sherri M Biendarra
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Michael E Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Derek J Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de la Fuente M, Skinner L, Calvo E, Pelejero C, Cacho I. Increased reservoir ages and poorly ventilated deep waters inferred in the glacial Eastern Equatorial Pacific. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7420. [PMID: 26137976 PMCID: PMC4507014 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent evidence for a poorly ventilated deep Pacific Ocean that could have released its radiocarbon-depleted carbon stock to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation has long been sought. Such evidence remains lacking, in part due to a paucity of surface reservoir age reconstructions required for accurate deep-ocean ventilation age estimates. Here we combine new radiocarbon data from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP) with chronostratigraphic calendar age constraints to estimate shallow sub-surface reservoir age variability, and thus provide estimates of deep-ocean ventilation ages. Both shallow- and deep-water ventilation ages drop across the last deglaciation, consistent with similar reconstructions from the South Pacific and Southern Ocean. The observed regional fingerprint linking the Southern Ocean and the EEP is consistent with a dominant southern source for EEP thermocline waters and suggests relatively invariant ocean interior transport pathways but significantly reduced air-sea gas exchange in the glacial southern high latitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Fuente
- Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Luke Skinner
- Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Eva Calvo
- Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Carles Pelejero
- 1] Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain [2] Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Cacho
- Grup de Recerca de Geociències Marines, Departament d'Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geociències Marines, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mumaw MM, de la Fuente M, Arachiche A, Wahl JK, Nieman MT. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Protease Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4). Thromb Res 2015; 135:1165-71. [PMID: 25890453 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) which is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its N-terminal exodomain. This generates a tethered ligand that activates the receptor and triggers downstream signaling events. With the current focus in the development of anti-platelet therapies shifted towards PARs, new reagents are needed for expanding the field's knowledge on PAR4. Currently, there are no PAR4 reagents which are able to detect activation of the receptor. METHODS Monoclonal PAR4 antibodies were purified from hybridomas producing antibody that were generated by fusing splenocytes with NS-1 cells. Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the epitope for each antibody and to evaluate the interaction of the antibodies with cells. RESULTS Here, we report the successful generation of three monoclonal antibodies to the N-terminal extracellular domain of PAR4: 14H6, 5F10, and 2D6. We mapped the epitope on PAR4 of 14H6, 5F10, and 2D6 antibodies to residues (48-53), (41-47), and (73-78), respectively. Two of the antibodies (14H6 and 5F10) interacted close to the thrombin cleavage and were sensitive to α-thrombin cleavage of PAR4. In addition, 5F10 was able to partially inhibit the cleavage of PAR4 expressed in HEK293 cells by α-thrombin. CONCLUSIONS These new antibodies provide a means to monitor endogenous PAR4 expression and activation by proteases on cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Mumaw
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amal Arachiche
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James K Wahl
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Marvin T Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de la Fuente M, Jones MC, Santander-Ortega MJ, Mirenska A, Marimuthu P, Uchegbu I, Schätzlein A. A nano-enabled cancer-specific ITCH RNAi chemotherapy booster for pancreatic cancer. Nanomedicine 2014; 11:369-77. [PMID: 25267700 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gemcitabine is currently the standard therapy for pancreatic cancer. However, growing concerns over gemcitabine resistance mean that new combinatory therapies are required to prevent loss of efficacy with prolonged treatment. Here, we suggest that this could be achieved through co-administration of RNA interference agents targeting the ubiquitin ligase ITCH. Stable anti-ITCH siRNA and shRNA dendriplexes with a desirable safety profile were prepared using generation 3 poly(propylenimine) dendrimers (DAB-Am16). The complexes were efficiently taken up by human pancreatic cancer cells and produced a 40-60% decrease in ITCH RNA and protein expression in vitro (si/shRNA) and in a xenograft model of pancreatic cancer (shRNA). When co-administered with gemcitabine (100 mg/kg/week) at a subtherapeutic dose, treatment with ITCH-shRNA (3x 50 mg/week) was able to fully suppress tumour growth for 17 days, suggesting that downregulation of ITCH mediated by DAB-Am16/shRNA sensitizes pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine in an efficient and specific manner. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Gemcitabine delivery to pancreatic cancer often results in the common problem of drug resistance. This team overcame the problem through co-administration of siRNA and shRNA dendriplexes targeting the ubiquitin ligase ITCH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anja Mirenska
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX
| | | | - Ijeoma Uchegbu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Reguera-Nuñez E, Roca C, Hardy E, de la Fuente M, Csaba N, Garcia-Fuentes M. Implantable controlled release devices for BMP-7 delivery and suppression of glioblastoma initiating cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2859-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
24
|
Welsh SJ, Dale AG, Lombardo CM, Valentine H, de la Fuente M, Schatzlein A, Neidle S. Inhibition of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway by a G-quadruplex binding small molecule. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2799. [PMID: 24165797 PMCID: PMC3810677 DOI: 10.1038/srep02799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) co-ordinates the response of tumours to low oxygen by stimulating genes involved in metabolism and angiogenesis. HIF pathway activation is associated with decreased progression-free survival and increased mortality; compounds that target this pathway are potential agents for the treatment of a range of solid tumour malignancies. Renal cancers are likely to be particularly sensitive to inhibition of the HIF pathway since ~80% show constitutive activation of HIF. We have previously described the di-substituted naphthalene derivative, CL67, which binds to a G-quadruplex higher-order structure in the HIF promoter sequence in vitro. We show here that CL67 blocks HIF expression leading to inhibition of HIF-transactivation and down-regulation of downstream target genes and proteins in renal carcinoma cell lines and in a mouse xenograft model of renal cancer. This inhibition is independent of pathways that control HIF abundance through oxygen-dependant degradation and oxygen dependant HIF sub-unit expression.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinogens/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Cell Hypoxia/drug effects
- Female
- G-Quadruplexes/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/antagonists & inhibitors
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Response Elements/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Welsh
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron G. Dale
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina M. Lombardo
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Valentine
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Schatzlein
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Neidle
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cruz IN, Zhang Y, de la Fuente M, Schatzlein A, Yang M. Functional characterization of heat shock protein 90 targeted compounds. Anal Biochem 2013; 438:107-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
26
|
Rahman KM, Jackson PJM, James CH, Basu BP, Hartley JA, de la Fuente M, Schatzlein A, Robson M, Pedley RB, Pepper C, Fox KR, Howard PW, Thurston DE. GC-targeted C8-linked pyrrolobenzodiazepine-biaryl conjugates with femtomolar in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity in mouse models. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2911-35. [PMID: 23514599 DOI: 10.1021/jm301882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA binding 4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)benzenamine (MPB) building blocks have been developed that span two DNA base pairs with a strong preference for GC-rich DNA. They have been conjugated to a pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine (PBD) molecule to produce C8-linked PBD-MPB hybrids that can stabilize GC-rich DNA by up to 13-fold compared to AT-rich DNA. Some have subpicomolar IC50 values in human tumor cell lines and in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, while being up to 6 orders less cytotoxic in the non-tumor cell line WI38, suggesting that key DNA sequences may be relevant targets in these ultrasensitive cancer cell lines. One conjugate, 7h (KMR-28-39), which has femtomolar activity in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, has significant dose-dependent antitumor activity in MDA-MB-231 (breast) and MIA PaCa-2 (pancreatic) human tumor xenograft mouse models with insignificant toxicity at therapeutic doses. Preliminary studies suggest that 7h may sterically inhibit interaction of the transcription factor NF-κB with its cognate DNA binding sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khondaker M Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gonzalez-Aramundiz JV, Cordeiro AS, Csaba N, de la Fuente M, Alonso MJ. Nanovaccines : nanocarriers for antigen delivery. Biol Aujourdhui 2013; 206:249-61. [PMID: 23419252 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2012027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination has become one of the most important health interventions of our times, revolutionizing health care, and improving the quality of life and life expectancy of millions all over the world. In spite of this, vaccine research remains a vast field for innovation and improvement. Indeed, the shift towards the use of sub-unit antigens, much safer but less immunogenic, and the recognized need to facilitate the access to vaccines in the global framework is currently stimulating the search for safe and efficient adjuvants and delivery technologies. Within this context, nanocarriers have gained particular attention over the last years and appear as one of the most promising strategies for antigen delivery. A number of biomaterials and technologies can be used to design nanovaccines that fulfill the requirements of new vaccination approaches, such as single-dose and transmucosal immunization, critical for achieving a widespread coverage while reducing the overall costs in relation to traditional forms of vaccination. Here we present an overview of the current state of nanocarriers for antigen delivery, developed with the perspective of contributing to the global vaccination goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vicente Gonzalez-Aramundiz
- NanoBioFar Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela USC, Avenida 15782 Barcelona s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Thrombin is a potent platelet agonist. Thrombin activates platelets and other cells of the cardiovascular system by cleaving its receptors, protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1), PAR4 or both. PARs are G-protein coupled receptors that activate cellular signaling through Gq and G12/13. Our previous studies have determined that PAR4 forms homodimers and have mapped the homodimer interface to specific residues in transmembrane helix 4 (TM4). We have also shown that coexpression of PAR1 with PAR4 lowers the threshold for PAR4 activation by thrombin ∼10-fold. The purpose of the current study is to examine the physical interaction between PAR1 and PAR4 and how these interactions influence PAR1’s ability to enhance PAR4 activation. The PAR1-PAR4 heterodimers were examined by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). PAR1-PAR4 heterodimers were not detected under basal conditions. However, when the cells were stimulated with 10 nM thrombin, we were able to detect a strong interaction between PAR1 and PAR4. In contrast, stimulating PAR1, PAR4, or both with agonist peptides TFLLRN (100 microM) or AYPGKF (500 microM), respectively did not induce heterodimers. Further, point mutations that prevent PAR1 or PAR4 cleavage did not from heterodimers when stimulated with thrombin. Other proteases that activate PAR1 or PAR4 such as activated protein C (APC) and plasmin do not induce PAR1-PAR4 heterodimers. Finally, we have introduced point mutations in transmembrane helix 4 of PAR1 and PAR4 that prevent heterodimer formation when stimulated with thrombin. These data demonstrate that PAR1 and PAR4 require allosteric changes induced by receptor cleavage by thrombin to mediate heterodimer formation and have determined the PAR1-PAR4 heterodimer interface. Taken together, these data suggest that PAR1 and PAR4 have a dynamic interaction depending on the context of their expression. Since PAR1 is an attractive antiplatelet target, the molecular interactions of this receptor on the cells surface must be taken into account when developing and characterizing these antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marvin Nieman
- Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rahman KM, Rosado H, Moreira JB, Feuerbaum EA, Fox KR, Stecher E, Howard PW, Gregson SJ, James CH, de la Fuente M, Waldron DE, Thurston DE, Taylor PW. Antistaphylococcal activity of DNA-interactive pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers and PBD-biaryl conjugates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:1683-96. [PMID: 22547662 PMCID: PMC3370821 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers, tethered through inert propyldioxy or pentyldioxy linkers, possess potent bactericidal activity against a range of Gram-positive bacteria by virtue of their capacity to cross-link duplex DNA in sequence-selective fashion. Here we attempt to improve the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity profile of PBD-containing conjugates by extension of dimer linkers and replacement of one PBD unit with phenyl-substituted or benzo-fused heterocycles that facilitate non-covalent interactions with duplex DNA. Methods DNase I footprinting was used to identify high-affinity DNA binding sites. A staphylococcal gene microarray was used to assess epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 16 phenotypes induced by PBD conjugates. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the accommodation of compounds within the DNA helix. Results Increasing the length of the linker in PBD dimers led to a progressive reduction in antibacterial activity, but not in their cytotoxic capacity. Complex patterns of DNA binding were noted for extended PBD dimers. Modelling of DNA strand cross-linking by PBD dimers indicated distortion of the helix. A majority (26 of 43) of PBD-biaryl conjugates possessed potent antibacterial activity with little or no helical distortion and a more favourable cytotoxicity profile. Bactericidal activity of PBD-biaryl conjugates was determined by inability to excise covalently bound drug molecules from bacterial duplex DNA. Conclusions PBD-biaryl conjugates have a superior antibacterial profile compared with PBD dimers such as ELB-21. We have identified six PBD-biaryl conjugates as potential drug development candidates.
Collapse
|
30
|
Patel SM, de la Fuente M, Ke S, Guimarães AMR, Oliyide AO, Ji X, Stapleton P, Osbourn A, Pan Y, Bowles DJ, Davis BG, Schatzlein A, Yang M. High throughput discovery of heteroaromatic-modifying enzymes allows enhancement of novobiocin selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10569-71. [PMID: 21863200 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13552j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylated analogues of novobiocin, discovered using a broad library of enzymes, have 100-fold improved activity against breast, brain, pancreatic, lung and ovarian cancers and ablated associated off-target activity leading to an up to 2.7 × 10(4) fold increase in selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sital M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Chemistry, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gunaratnam M, de la Fuente M, Hampel SM, Todd AK, Reszka AP, Schätzlein A, Neidle S. Targeting pancreatic cancer with a G-quadruplex ligand. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7151-7. [PMID: 22041170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of telomeres in most cancer cells is maintained by the action of the telomerase enzyme complex, which catalyzes the synthesis of telomeric DNA repeats in order to replace those lost during replication. Telomerase is especially up-regulated in metastatic cancer and is thus emerging as a major therapeutic target. One approach to telomerase inhibition involves the sequestration of the single-stranded 3' ends of telomeric DNA into higher-order quadruplex structures. We have recently shown that tetra-substituted naphthalene diimide compounds are potent quadruplex-stabilizing molecules with telomerase inhibitory activity in cells. We show here that one such compound, BMSG-SH-3, which has been optimized by computer modeling, has significant in vivo antitumor activity against a model for pancreatic cancer, a cancer that is especially resistant to current therapies. A large reduction in telomerase activity in treated tumors was observed and the naphthalene diimide compound was found to be selectively localized in the treated tumors. We find that the expression of the therapeutically important chaperone protein HSP90, a regulator of telomerase is also reduced in vivo by BMSG-SH-3 treatment. The compound is a potent stabilizer of two G-quadruplex sequences found in the promoter region of the HSP90 gene, as well as a G-quadruplex from human telomeric DNA. It is proposed that the simultaneous targeting of these quadruplexes may be an effective anti-tumor strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mekala Gunaratnam
- CRUK Biomolecular Structure Unit, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rahman KM, Nahar K, Sander L, Bui TT, Drake A, Lagah S, Walsh S, de la Fuente M, Schätzlein AG, Neidle S, Thurston DE. Abstract 2517: Hybrid benzofused-biaryl polyamides with selective telomeric G-quadruplex stabilization potential. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Guanine-rich nucleic acids can fold into four-stranded G-quadruplex structures which are found in telomeric DNA repeats as well as in sequences in the promoter and other regulatory regions of genes. Small molecules that can selectively bind and stabilize quadruplex structure are of increasing significance as potential anticancer agents. We recently reported a series of novel biaryl polyamides with significant selectively towards G-quadruplex compared to duplex DNA, and modest selectivity between different quadruplex types such as c-kit1, c-kit2 and HT4 (Chemical Commun., 4097, 2009). These molecules were based on a distamycin scaffold but included biaryl building blocks in place of pyrroles to switch preference from duplex to quadruplex DNA. This alteration in shape ensured that the molecules had low affinity for duplex DNA while increasing their interaction with G-quadruplex structure, since the ligands had similar dimensions. We have now synthesized a 34-member second-generation biaryl polyamide library based on the previously obtained structural information. Initial assessment of the G-quadruplex interaction of library members was carried out using a FRET-based melting assay. Two compounds (KN-88 and KN-119) containing hybrid benzofused and biaryl building blocks provided significant selective stabilization of human Telomeric G-quadruplex. At 1 µM they stabilize human Telomeric G-quadruplex by 21 and 18 °C, respectively, while showing insignificant affinity for duplex DNA. FRET competition assays with C-kit quadruplexes and CT DNA further confirmed selective stabilization of telomeric quadruplexes. CD titrations of KN-88 and KN-119 with h-telo, c-kit1 and c-kit2 quadruplex-forming DNA sequences showed concentration-dependent enhancement of major CD signals, and in some cases the ligands induced the folding of a particular quadruplex structure. Kd values for KN-88 and KN-119 for telomeric quadruplex sequences were determined by CD titration and were found to be 2.8 × 106 and 7.0 × 106, respectively. Short-term growth inhibitory experiments against a panel of tumour cell lines (MiaPaCa2, A549, MCF7, HeLa, U87MG and A431) gave low micromolar IC50 values for these two compounds, and significant selectivity for tumour cell lines compared to the non-tumour fibroblast WI38 cell line. Given their low molecular weight, good water solubility and cellular penetration properties, molecules of this type have potential as therapeutic agents and reagents that can selectively probe quadruplex structure and/or selectively down-regulate signaling pathways in cells.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2517. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2517
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khondaker M. Rahman
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Laureen Sander
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Tam T.T Bui
- 2Biomolecular Spectroscopy Centre, Kings College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Drake
- 2Biomolecular Spectroscopy Centre, Kings College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Sunil Lagah
- 3CRUK Biomolecular Structure Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Walsh
- 3CRUK Biomolecular Structure Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas G. Schätzlein
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Neidle
- 3CRUK Biomolecular Structure Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - David E. Thurston
- 1Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, Univ. of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Brión M, Sanchez-Salorio M, Cortón M, de la Fuente M, Pazos B, Othman M, Swaroop A, Abecasis G, Sobrino B, Carracedo A. Genetic association study of age-related macular degeneration in the Spanish population. Acta Ophthalmol 2011; 89:e12-22. [PMID: 21106043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.02040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate new genetic risk factors and replicate reported associations with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a prospective case-control study developed with a Spanish cohort. METHODS Three hundred and fifty-three unrelated patients with advanced AMD (225 with atrophic AMD, 57 with neovascular AMD, and 71 with mixed AMD) and 282 age-matched controls were included. Functional and tagging SNPs in 55 candidate genes were genotyped using the SNPlex™ genotyping system. Single SNP and haplotype association analysis were performed to determine possible genetic associations; interaction effects between SNPs were also investigated. RESULTS In agreement with previous reports, ARMS2 and CFH genes were strongly associated with AMD in the studied Spanish population. Moreover, both loci influenced risk independently giving support to different pathways implicated in AMD pathogenesis. No evidence for association of advanced AMD with other previous reported susceptibility genes, such as CST3, CX3CR1, FBLN5, HMCN1, PON1, SOD2, TLR4, VEGF and VLDLR, was detected. However, two additional genes appear to be candidate markers for the development of advanced AMD. A variant located at the 3' UTR of the FGF2 gene (rs6820411) was highly associated with atrophic AMD, and the functional SNP rs3112831 at ABCA4 showed a marginal association with the disease. CONCLUSION We performed a large gene association study in advanced AMD in a Spanish population. Our findings show that CFH and ARMS2 genes seem to be the principal risk loci contributing independently to AMD in our cohort. We report new significant associations that could also influence the development of advanced AMD. These findings should be confirmed in further studies with larger cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Brión
- Hospital-University Complex of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Raviña M, de la Fuente M, Correa J, Sousa-Herves A, Pinto J, Fernandez-Megia E, Riguera R, Sanchez A, Alonso MJ. Core−Shell Dendriplexes with Sterically Induced Stoichiometry for Gene Delivery. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100785m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Raviña
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Correa
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, University of Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Sousa-Herves
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, University of Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Megia
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, University of Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ricardo Riguera
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials, University of Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Alonso
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overview of the advances made in ocular delivery of bioactive molecules by means of chitosan-based nanosystems, and their potential relevance in clinical use. The studies described clearly emphasise that chitosan-based nanostructures are versatile systems that can be tailor-made according to required compositions, surface characteristics and particle size. Such parameters, which are known to influence their in vivo performance, can be modulated by adjusting the formulation conditions of the nanotechnologies responsible for their formation, by incorporating additional materials in the preparation steps, and/or by using synthetically modified chitosan. Moreover, this review illustrates how the advances achieved in the understanding of the interaction of nanosystems with the ocular structures should result in the coming years, logically, into challenging innovations in ocular nanomedicines with significant impact on clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Paolicelli
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Campus Sur 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
One of the most exciting and challenging applications of nanotechnology in medicine is the development of nanocarriers for the intraepithelial delivery of biomacromolecules through mucosal surfaces. These biomacromolecules represent an increasingly important segment of the therapeutic arsenal; however, their potential is still limited by their instability and inability to cross biological barriers. Nanoparticle carriers have emerged as one of the most promising technologies to overcome this limitation, owing mainly to their demonstrated capacity to interact with biological barriers. In this review, we summarize the current advances made on nanoparticles designed for transmucosal delivery. Supported by the examples of a variety of therapeutic macromolecules – peptides and proteins, gene medicines and vaccines – we review the lessons learned from the past and we offer a future perspective for this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Fuente
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noémi Csaba
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Alonso
- NANOBIOFAR Group, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene therapy offers a promising alternative for the treatment of ocular diseases. However, the implementation of this type of therapy is actually hampered by the lack of an efficient ocular gene delivery carrier. The main objective of the present work was to assess the effectiveness and investigate the mechanism of action of a new type of nanoparticle made of two bioadhesive polysaccharides, hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CS), intended for the delivery of genes to the cornea and conjunctiva. METHODS The nanoparticles were obtained by a very mild ionotropic gelation technique. They were loaded with either the model plasmid pEGFP or pbeta-gal. Transfection and toxicological studies were conducted in human corneal epithelial (HCE) and normal human conjunctival (IOBA-NHC) cell lines. The mechanism of internalization of the nanoparticles by the corneal and conjunctival cells was investigated by using fluorescence confocal microscopy. RESULTS The nanoparticles had a size in the range of 100 to 235 nm and a zeta-potential of -30 to +28 mV. The results of the transfection studies showed that HA-CS nanoparticles were able to provide high transfection levels (up to 15% of cells transfected), without affecting cell viability. The confocal images indicated that HA-CS nanoparticles were internalized by fluid endocytosis and that this endocytic process was mediated by the hyaluronan receptor CD44. CONCLUSIONS The results give evidence of the potential of HA-CS nanoparticles for the targeting and further transfer of genes to the ocular surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de la Fuente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hornof M, de la Fuente M, Hallikainen M, Tammi RH, Urtti A. Low molecular weight hyaluronan shielding of DNA/PEI polyplexes facilitates CD44 receptor mediated uptake in human corneal epithelial cells. J Gene Med 2008; 10:70-80. [PMID: 18044795 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM It was the aim of this study to prepare purified DNA/PEI polyplexes, which are coated with hyaluronan to facilitate CD44 receptor mediated uptake of the DNA/PEI polyplex and to reduce unspecific interactions of the complex with negatively charged extracellular matrix components on the ocular surface. METHODS Hyaluronans of different molecular weights (<10 kDa, 10-30 kDa and 30-50 kDa) were isolated after enzymatic degradation of high molecular weight hyaluronan via ultrafiltration by centrifugation. The influence of the different hyaluronans used for coating on the stability and transfection efficiency of the complexes was evaluated in vitro. Transfection and uptake studies were performed in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. CD44 receptor expression of this cell model was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Coating of purified DNA/PEI polyplexes with low molecular weight hyaluronan (<10 kDa) facilitated receptor-mediated uptake via the CD44 receptor in HCE cells, increased complex stability in vitro, and effectively shielded the positive surface charges of the polyplex without decreasing its transfection efficiency. Higher molecular weights and larger amounts of hyaluronan in the complexes resulted in lesser improvements in the stability and transfection efficacy of the complexes. CONCLUSIONS Coating of polyplexes with low molecular weight hyaluronan is a promising strategy for gene delivery to the ocular surface, where CD44 receptor mediated uptake decreased cytotoxicity and reduced non-specific interactions with the negatively charged extracellular matrix components are considered beneficial for increased transfection efficiency of non-viral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margit Hornof
- Drug Discovery and Development Technology Center DDTC, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Anitua E, Sanchez M, Nurden AT, Zalduendo M, de la Fuente M, Azofra J, Andia I. Reciprocal actions of platelet-secreted TGF-beta1 on the production of VEGF and HGF by human tendon cells. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119:950-9. [PMID: 17312501 DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000255543.43695.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous platelet-rich matrices can be an aid in surgery by promoting and accelerating tissue healing because of the release of growth factors including transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) from platelet alpha-granules. METHODS PDGF and TGF-beta1 were quantified in supernatants collected from platelet-rich matrices prepared in vitro (n = 45 donors) and they correlated with the number of platelets and showed a constant ratio (p < 0.05). Tendon cells in culture were exposed to the supernatants (n = 4 donors) from either platelet-rich or platelet-poor matrices, differing in their content of platelet-secreted molecules. These treatments were modified by either neutralizing or adding PDGF or TGF-beta1. Effects were compared in terms of proliferation, procollagen I, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production. RESULTS PDGF was a partial contributor to cell proliferation, whereas exogenous TGF-beta1 acted as a negative modulator (p < 0.05). The production of type I collagen was similar regardless of differences in the concentration of TGF-beta1. Moreover, addition of exogenous TGF-beta1 promoted a significant increase in collagen synthesis only in the absence of other platelet-released substances (p < 0.05). Exogenous TGF-beta1 increased the synthesis of VEGF and simultaneously abolished the production of HGF. Furthermore, antibody-mediated neutralization of TGF-beta1 induced a decrease in VEGF synthesis and concomitantly a substantial production of HGF (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The balance between TGF-beta1 and the pools of platelet-secreted molecules may have important therapeutic implications in the control of angiogenesis and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Biotechnology Institute IMASD, Unidad de Cirugía Artroscópica Mikel Sanchez, Vitoria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Anitua E, Sanchez M, Nurden AT, Zalduendo M, de la Fuente M, Orive G, Azofra J, Andia I. Autologous fibrin matrices: A potential source of biological mediators that modulate tendon cell activities. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 77:285-93. [PMID: 16400654 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of autologous fibrin matrices has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for the local and physiological delivery of growth factors in the treatment of several clinical conditions requiring tendon healing or tendon graft remodelling. In the present work, we investigated the proliferation, synthesis of type-I collagen and angiogenic factors by tendon cells seeded on platelet-rich (PR) and platelet-poor (PP) matrices. Furthermore, in vivo cellular and vascular effects of each treatment were examined after infiltration in Achilles tendon in sheep. Results showed that the presence of platelets within the fibrin matrices increased significantly the proliferation of tendon cells. Additionally, cultured tendon cells synthesised type I collagen and angiogenic factors such as VEGF and HGF. The synthesis of VEGF, but not of HGF, was significantly higher when platelets were present within the matrix. In the sheep model, the injection of pre-clotted plasma within tendons increased cellular density and promoted neovascularization. These results indicate that administration of fibrin matrices is a safe and easy strategy that may open new avenues for enhancing tissue healing and remodelling and influences the process of regeneration in clinical situations characterised by a poor healing outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Biotechnology Institute I MAS D, San Antonio 15, 01005 Vitoria, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Quinteiro C, Castro-Feijoo L, Loidi L, Barreiro J, de la Fuente M, Dominguez F, Pombo M. Novel mutation involving the translation initiation codon of the growth hormone receptor gene (GHR) in a patient with Laron syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2002; 15:1041-5. [PMID: 12199334 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2002.15.7.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Laron syndrome (LS) or growth hormone (GH) insensitivity syndrome (GHIS) is an autosomal recessive disease due to molecular defects in the GH receptor gene (GHR). Most of the identified mutations are located on the extracelular domain of the receptor. We studied the GHR gene in a patient with LS and found a homozygous missense mutation in exon 2. The novel mutation is an A-->T transversion (ATG -->TTG) that abolishes the translation initiation codon of the GHR gene. This mutation is expected to prevent the translation of the protein. We present clinical, biochemical and molecular evidence of Laron syndrome as the result of a mutation (ATG-->TTG) in the codon for the initial methionine of the GHR gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celsa Quinteiro
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Clinical University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Dominguez
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Complejo Hospitalario, Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|