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Daniel J, Jesby CM, Plass KE, Anderson ME. Multinary Tetrahedrite (Cu 12-x-yM xN ySb 4S 13) Nanoparticles: Tailoring Thermal and Optical Properties with Copper-Site Dopants. Chem Mater 2024; 36:3246-3258. [PMID: 38617807 PMCID: PMC11007862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) is an earth-abundant and nontoxic compound with prospective applications in green energy technologies such as thermoelectric waste heat recycling or photovoltaic power generation. A facile, one-pot solution-phase modified polyol method has been developed that produces high-purity nanoscale tetrahedrite products with exceptional stoichiometric and phase control. This modified polyol method is used here to produce phase-pure quaternary and quintenary tetrahedrite nanoparticles doped on the Cu-site with Zn, Fe, Ni, Mn, or Co. This is the first time that Cu-site codoped quintenary tetrahedrite and Mn-doped quaternary tetrahedrite have been produced by a solution-phase method. X-ray diffraction shows phase-pure tetrahedrite, while scanning and transmission electron microscopy show the size and morphology of the nanomaterials. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirms nanoparticles have near-stoichiometric elemental compositions. Thermal stability of quintenary codoped tetrahedrite material is analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis, finding that codoping with Mn, Fe, Ni, and Zn increased thermal stability while codoping with cobalt decreased thermal stability. This is the first systematic study of the optical properties of quaternary and quintenary tetrahedrite nanoparticles doped on the Cu-site. Visible-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy reveals that the quaternary and quintenary tetrahedrite nanoparticles have direct optical band gaps ranging from 1.88 to 2.04 eV. Data from thermal and optical characterization support that codoped tetrahedrite nanoparticles are composed of quintenary grains. This research seeks to enhance understanding of the material properties of tetrahedrite, leading to the optimization of sustainable, nontoxic, and high-performance photovoltaic and thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob
E. Daniel
- Chemistry
Department, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Christian M. Jesby
- Chemistry
Department, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604, United States
| | - Katherine E. Plass
- Chemistry
Department, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604, United States
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Chemistry
Department, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
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2
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Yang T, Chandel I, Gonzales M, Okuma H, Prouty SJ, Zarei S, Joseph S, Garringer KW, Landa SO, Yonekawa T, Walimbe AS, Venzke DP, Anderson ME, Hord JM, Campbell KP. Identification of a short, single site matriglycan that maintains neuromuscular function in the mouse. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.20.572361. [PMID: 38187633 PMCID: PMC10769215 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Matriglycan (-1,3-β-glucuronic acid-1,3-α-xylose-) is a polysaccharide that is synthesized on α-dystroglycan, where it functions as a high-affinity glycan receptor for extracellular proteins, such as laminin, perlecan and agrin, thus anchoring the plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix. This biological activity is closely associated with the size of matriglycan. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry and site-specific mutant mice, we show for the first time that matriglycan on the T317/T319 and T379 sites of α-dystroglycan are not identical. T379-linked matriglycan is shorter than the previously characterized T317/T319-linked matriglycan, although it maintains its laminin binding capacity. Transgenic mice with only the shorter T379-linked matriglycan exhibited mild embryonic lethality, but those that survived were healthy. The shorter T379-linked matriglycan exists in multiple tissues and maintains neuromuscular function in adult mice. In addition, the genetic transfer of α-dystroglycan carrying just the short matriglycan restored grip strength and protected skeletal muscle from eccentric contraction-induced damage in muscle-specific dystroglycan knock-out mice. Due to the effects that matriglycan imparts on the extracellular proteome and its ability to modulate cell-matrix interactions, our work suggests that differential regulation of matriglycan length in various tissues optimizes the extracellular environment for unique cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiandi Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ishita Chandel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Miguel Gonzales
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Hidehiko Okuma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Sally J Prouty
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Sanam Zarei
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Soumya Joseph
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Keith W Garringer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Saul Ocampo Landa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Takahiro Yonekawa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Ameya S Walimbe
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - David P Venzke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Jeffery M Hord
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
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Dhanapala BD, Maglich DL, Anderson ME. Impact of Surface Functionalization and Deposition Method on Cu-BDC surMOF Formation, Morphology, Crystallinity, and Stability. Langmuir 2023; 39:12196-12205. [PMID: 37585655 PMCID: PMC10469448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
For direct integration into device architectures, surface-anchored metal-organic framework (surMOF) thin films are attractive systems for a wide variety of electronic, photonic, sensing, and gas storage applications. This research systematically investigates the effect of deposition method and surface functionalization on the film formation of a copper paddle-wheel-based surMOF. Solution-phase layer-by-layer (LBL) immersion and LBL spray deposition methods are employed to deposit copper benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) on gold substrates functionalized with carboxyl- and hydroxyl-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). A difference in crystal orientation is observed by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffractometry based on surface functionalization for films deposited by the LBL immersion method but not for spray-deposited films. Cu-BDC crystallites with a strong preferred orientation perpendicular to the substrate were observed for the films deposited by the LBL immersion method on carboxyl-terminated SAMs. These crystals could be removed upon testing adhesive properties, whereas all other Cu-BDC surMOF film structures demonstrated excellent adhesive properties. Additionally, film stability upon exposure to water or heat was investigated. Ellipsometric data provide insight into film formation elucidating 7 and 14 Å average thicknesses per deposition cycle for films deposited by the immersion method on 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (MUD) and 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA), respectively. In contrast, the films deposited by the spray method are thicker with the same average thickness per deposition cycle (21 Å) for both SAMs. While the spray method takes less time to grow thicker films, it produces similar crystallite structures, regardless of the surface functionalization. This research is fundamental to understanding the impact of deposition method and surface functionalization on surMOF film growth and to provide strategies for the preparation of high-quality surMOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Dulani Dhanapala
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Dayton L. Maglich
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
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Okuma H, Hord JM, Chandel I, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Walimbe AS, Joseph S, Gastel Z, Hara Y, Saito F, Matsumura K, Campbell KP. N-terminal domain on dystroglycan enables LARGE1 to extend matriglycan on α-dystroglycan and prevents muscular dystrophy. eLife 2023; 12:e82811. [PMID: 36723429 PMCID: PMC9917425 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) requires extensive post-translational processing and O-glycosylation to function as a receptor for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins containing laminin-G (LG) domains. Matriglycan is an elongated polysaccharide of alternating xylose (Xyl) and glucuronic acid (GlcA) that binds with high affinity to ECM proteins with LG domains and is uniquely synthesized on α-dystroglycan (α-DG) by like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (LARGE1). Defects in the post-translational processing or O-glycosylation of α-DG that result in a shorter form of matriglycan reduce the size of α-DG and decrease laminin binding, leading to various forms of muscular dystrophy. Previously, we demonstrated that protein O-mannose kinase (POMK) is required for LARGE1 to generate full-length matriglycan on α-DG (~150-250 kDa) (Walimbe et al., 2020). Here, we show that LARGE1 can only synthesize a short, non-elongated form of matriglycan in mouse skeletal muscle that lacks the DG N-terminus (α-DGN), resulting in an ~100-125 kDa α-DG. This smaller form of α-DG binds laminin and maintains specific force but does not prevent muscle pathophysiology, including reduced force production after eccentric contractions (ECs) or abnormalities in the neuromuscular junctions. Collectively, our study demonstrates that α-DGN, like POMK, is required for LARGE1 to extend matriglycan to its full mature length on α-DG and thus prevent muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Okuma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Jeffrey M Hord
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Ishita Chandel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - David Venzke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Ameya S Walimbe
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Soumya Joseph
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Zeita Gastel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Yuji Hara
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ShizuokaShizuokaJapan
| | - Fumiaki Saito
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Teikyo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kiichiro Matsumura
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Teikyo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
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5
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Schons-Fonseca L, Lazova MD, Smith JL, Anderson ME, Grossman AD. Beneficial and detrimental genes in the cellular response to replication arrest. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010564. [PMID: 36574412 PMCID: PMC9836290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is essential for all living organisms. Several events can disrupt replication, including DNA damage (e.g., pyrimidine dimers, crosslinking) and so-called "roadblocks" (e.g., DNA-binding proteins or transcription). Bacteria have several well-characterized mechanisms for repairing damaged DNA and then restoring functional replication forks. However, little is known about the repair of stalled or arrested replication forks in the absence of chemical alterations to DNA. Using a library of random transposon insertions in Bacillus subtilis, we identified 35 genes that affect the ability of cells to survive exposure to an inhibitor that arrests replication elongation, but does not cause chemical alteration of the DNA. Genes identified include those involved in iron-sulfur homeostasis, cell envelope biogenesis, and DNA repair and recombination. In B. subtilis, and many bacteria, two nucleases (AddAB and RecJ) are involved in early steps in repairing replication forks arrested by chemical damage to DNA and loss of either nuclease causes increased sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. These nucleases resect DNA ends, leading to assembly of the recombinase RecA onto the single-stranded DNA. Notably, we found that disruption of recJ increased survival of cells following replication arrest, indicating that in the absence of chemical damage to DNA, RecJ is detrimental to survival. In contrast, and as expected, disruption of addA decreased survival of cells following replication arrest, indicating that AddA promotes survival. The different phenotypes of addA and recJ mutants appeared to be due to differences in assembly of RecA onto DNA. RecJ appeared to promote too much assembly of RecA filaments. Our results indicate that in the absence of chemical damage to DNA, RecA is dispensable for cells to survive replication arrest and that the stable RecA nucleofilaments favored by the RecJ pathway may lead to cell death by preventing proper processing of the arrested replication fork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Schons-Fonseca
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Milena D. Lazova
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Janet L. Smith
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alan D. Grossman
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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McLellan LK, Anderson ME, Grossman AD. TnSmu1 is a functional integrative and conjugative element in Streptococcus mutans that when expressed causes growth arrest of host bacteria. Mol Microbiol 2022; 118:652-669. [PMID: 36268794 PMCID: PMC10098952 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are major drivers of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria. They mediate their own transfer from host cells (donors) to recipients and allow bacteria to acquire new phenotypes, including pathogenic and metabolic capabilities and drug resistances. Streptococcus mutans, a major causative agent of dental caries, contains a putative ICE, TnSmu1, integrated at the 3' end of a leucyl tRNA gene. We found that TnSmu1 is a functional ICE, containing all the genes necessary for ICE function. It excised from the chromosome and excision was stimulated by DNA damage. We identified the DNA junctions generated by excision of TnSmu1, defined the ends of the element, and detected the extrachromosomal circle. We found that TnSmu1 can transfer from S. mutans donors to recipients when co-cultured on solid medium. The presence of TnSmu1 in recipients inhibited successful acquisition of another copy and this inhibition was mediated, at least in part, by the likely transcriptional repressor encoded by the element. Using microscopy to track individual cells, we found that activation of TnSmu1 caused an arrest of cell growth. Our results demonstrate that TnSmu1 is a functional ICE that affects the biology of its host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K McLellan
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan D Grossman
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Anderson ME, Smith JL, Grossman AD. Multiple mechanisms for overcoming lethal over-initiation of DNA replication. Mol Microbiol 2022; 118:426-442. [PMID: 36053906 PMCID: PMC9825946 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA replication is highly regulated and primarily controlled at the step of initiation. In bacteria, the replication initiator DnaA and the origin of replication oriC are the primary targets of regulation. Perturbations that increase or decrease replication initiation can cause a decrease in cell fitness. We found that multiple mechanisms, including an increase in replication elongation and a decrease in replication initiation, can compensate for lethal over-initiation. We found that in Bacillus subtilis, under conditions of rapid growth, loss of yabA, a negative regulator of replication initiation, caused a synthetic lethal phenotype when combined with the dnaA1 mutation that also causes replication over-initiation. We isolated several classes of suppressors that restored viability to dnaA1 ∆yabA double mutants. Some suppressors (relA, nrdR) stimulated replication elongation. Others (dnaC, cshA) caused a decrease in replication initiation. One class of suppressors decreased replication initiation in the dnaA1 ∆yabA mutant by causing a decrease in the amount of the replicative helicase, DnaC. We found that decreased levels of helicase in otherwise wild-type cells were sufficient to decrease replication initiation during rapid growth, indicating that the replicative helicase is limiting for replication initiation. Our results highlight the multiple mechanisms cells use to regulate DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Anderson
- Department of BiologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Janet L. Smith
- Department of BiologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alan D. Grossman
- Department of BiologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
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Haugsten Hansen M, Sadredini M, Hasic A, Anderson ME, Sjaastad I, Korseberg Stokke M. The effects of genetic ablation of CaMKII oxidation on early ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias in langendorff-perfused hearts. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority
Introduction
Ventricular arrhythmias are common during the early phase of reperfusion after an ischemic event. Spontaneous diastolic release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) contribute to arrhythmias in this stage, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the process, through destabilization of key Ca2+ handling proteins. Specifically, ROS has been shown to activate the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), by oxidation of two methionines at positions 281/282 in the regulatory domain. This activation pathway contributes to Ca2+-dependent arrhythmia mechanisms in atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF) and diabetes. However, the role of oxidized CaMKII (Ox-CaMKII) in ventricular arrhythmias during early reperfusion has not been directly tested. We aimed to investigate the importance of ox-CaMKII for diastolic Ca2+ release events and arrhythmias in the early phase of reperfusion.
Methods
We evaluated the propensity for early reperfusion arrhythmias in Langendorff-perfused hearts from mice carrying CaMKII resistant to oxidation (homozygous CaMKIIδ M281/282V mice) and wild type control mice (WT). The effect of beta-adrenoceptor stimulation, indirect inhibition of CaMKII via calmodulin antagonism, and antioxidant therapy was evaluated by the addition of isoprenaline, KN93 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), respectively. Diastolic Ca2+ release events were recorded by confocal line scan imaging of isolated cardiomyocytes transiently exposed to hypoxia and ischemia-like conditions in the presence or absence of isoprenaline, and effects on Ca2+ handling proteins were assessed by immunoblotting.
Results
Langendorff-perfused hearts from CaMKIIδ M281/282V mice showed no significant difference in the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias compared to WT during the early reperfusion phase, neither in absence, nor presence of beta-adrenoceptor stimulation with isoprenaline. The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias increased significantly upon beta-adrenoceptor stimulation but was prevented by the antioxidative agent NAC and reduced with CaMKII-inhibition with KN93 when tested in WT hearts. Immunoblotting of left ventricular tissue from perfused hearts revealed no significant differences in the abundance or phosphorylation levels of Ca2+-handling proteins. Ca2+ imaging experiments showed no differences between cardiomyocytes from CaMKIIδ M281/282V and WT mice with regard to incidence of spontaneous transients, Ca2+ waves or Ca2+ sparks, neither in absence, nor in presence of isoprenaline.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the importance of both ROS and CaMKII activation in the development of ventricular arrhythmias in the early phase of reperfusion. However, genetic ablation of CaMKII oxidation did not protect against early reperfusion arrhythmias, indicating that Ox-CaMKII is a not a critical factor in this process in Langendorff-perfused hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haugsten Hansen
- Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - M Sadredini
- Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - A Hasic
- Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - ME Anderson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , United States of America
| | - I Sjaastad
- Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - M Korseberg Stokke
- Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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9
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Yonekawa T, Rauckhorst AJ, El-Hattab S, Cuellar MA, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Okuma H, Pewa AD, Taylor EB, Campbell KP. Large1 gene transfer in older myd mice with severe muscular dystrophy restores muscle function and greatly improves survival. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn0379. [PMID: 35613260 PMCID: PMC9132445 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a progressive and ultimately lethal neuromuscular disease. Although gene editing and gene transfer hold great promise as therapies when administered before the onset of severe clinical symptoms, it is unclear whether these strategies can restore muscle function and improve survival in the late stages of muscular dystrophy. Largemyd/Largemyd (myd) mice lack expression of like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (Large1) and exhibit severe muscle pathophysiology, impaired mobility, and a markedly reduced life span. Here, we show that systemic delivery of AAV2/9 CMV Large1 (AAVLarge1) in >34-week-old myd mice with advanced disease restores matriglycan expression on dystroglycan, attenuates skeletal muscle pathophysiology, improves motor and respiratory function, and normalizes systemic metabolism, which collectively and markedly extends survival. Our results in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy demonstrate that skeletal muscle function can be restored, illustrating its remarkable plasticity, and that survival can be greatly improved even after the onset of severe muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yonekawa
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Adam J. Rauckhorst
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), and FOEDRC Metabolomics Core Facility, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sara El-Hattab
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Marco A. Cuellar
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David Venzke
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hidehiko Okuma
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Alvin D. Pewa
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), and FOEDRC Metabolomics Core Facility, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Eric B. Taylor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), and FOEDRC Metabolomics Core Facility, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kevin P. Campbell
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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10
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Harden MM, Anderson ME, Grossman AD. A
CRISPR
interference screen reveals a role for cell wall teichoic acids in conjugation in
Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol 2022; 117:1366-1383. [PMID: 35490406 PMCID: PMC9324163 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conjugative elements are widespread in bacteria and include plasmids and integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). They transfer from donor to recipient cells via an element‐encoded type IV secretion system. These elements interact with and utilize host functions for their lifecycles. We sought to identify essential host genes involved in the lifecycle of the integrative and conjugative element ICEBs1 of Bacillus subtilis. We constructed a library of strains for inducible knockdown of essential B. subtilis genes using CRISPR interference. Each strain expressed one guide RNA in ICEBs1. We induced partial interference of essential genes and identified those that caused an acute defect in acquisition of ICEBs1 by recipient cells. This screen revealed that reducing expression of genes needed for synthesis of cell wall teichoic acids caused a decrease in conjugation. Using three different ways to reduce their synthesis, we found that wall teichoic acids were necessary in both donors and recipients for efficient conjugative transfer of ICEBs1. Further, we found that depletion of wall teichoic acids caused cells involved in ICEBs1 conjugation to die, most likely from damage to the cell envelope. Our results indicate that wall teichoic acids help protect against envelope stress caused by active conjugation machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Michael Harden
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Alan D. Grossman
- Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139
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11
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Hughes SM, Hendricks MP, Mullaugh KM, Anderson ME, Bentley AK, Clar JG, Daly CA, Ellison MD, Feng ZV, Gonzalez-Pech NI, Hamachi LS, Heinecke CL, Keene JD, Maley AM, Munro AM, Njoki PN, Olshansky JH, Plass KE, Riley KR, Sonntag MD, St. Angelo SK, Thompson LB, Tollefson EJ, Toote LE, Wheeler KE. The Primarily Undergraduate Nanomaterials Cooperative: A New Model for Supporting Collaborative Research at Small Institutions on a National Scale. ACS Nanosci Au 2021; 1:6-14. [PMID: 37102118 PMCID: PMC10114623 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The Primarily Undergraduate Nanomaterials Cooperative (PUNC) is an organization for research-active faculty studying nanomaterials at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions (PUIs), where undergraduate teaching and research go hand-in-hand. In this perspective, we outline the differences in maintaining an active research group at a PUI compared to an R1 institution. We also discuss the work of PUNC, which focuses on community building, instrument sharing, and facilitating new collaborations. Currently consisting of 37 members from across the United States, PUNC has created an online community consisting of its Web site (nanocooperative.org), a weekly online summer group meeting program for faculty and students, and a Discord server for informal conversations. Additionally, in-person symposia at ACS conferences and PUNC-specific conferences are planned for the future. It is our hope that in the years to come PUNC will be seen as a model organization for community building and research support at primarily undergraduate institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Hughes
- Department
of Chemistry, Roanoke College, 221 College Lane, Salem, Virginia 24153, United States
| | - Mark P. Hendricks
- Department
of Chemistry, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, Washington 99362, United States
| | - Katherine M. Mullaugh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of
Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, South Carolina 29424, United States
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, Furman University, 3300 Poinsett Highway, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
| | - Anne K. Bentley
- Department
of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College, 615 S Palatine Hill Rd, Portland, Oregon 97219, United States
| | - Justin G. Clar
- Department
of Chemistry, Elon University, 2625 Campus Box, Elon, North Carolina 27244, United States
| | - Clyde A. Daly
- Department
of Chemistry, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, United States
| | - Mark D. Ellison
- Department
of Chemistry, Ursinus College, P.O. Box 1000, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Z. Vivian Feng
- Department
of Chemistry, Augsburg University, 2211 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, United States
| | - Natalia I. Gonzalez-Pech
- Department
of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 East 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
| | - Leslie S. Hamachi
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California
Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93401, United States
| | - Christine L. Heinecke
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola
University New Orleans, 6363 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joseph D. Keene
- Department
of Chemistry, Mercer University, 1501 Mercer University Drive, Macon, Georgia 31207, United States
| | - Adam M. Maley
- Mund-Lagowski
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bradley University, 1501 W Bradley Avenue, Peoria, Illinois 61625, United
States
| | - Andrea M. Munro
- Department
of Chemistry, Pacific Lutheran University, 12180 Park Avenue, Tacoma, Washington 98447, United States
| | - Peter N. Njoki
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Hampton
University, 130 William R. Harvey Way, Hampton, Virginia 23668, United
States
| | - Jacob H. Olshansky
- Department
of Chemistry, Amherst College, 25 East Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
| | - Katherine E. Plass
- Department
of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, P.O. Box 3003, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17601, United States
| | - Kathryn R. Riley
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Matthew D. Sonntag
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Albright
College, P.O. Box 15234, Reading, Pennsylvania 19612, United States
| | - Sarah K. St. Angelo
- Department
of Chemistry, Dickinson College, P.O. Box 1773, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, United States
| | - Lucas B. Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, 300 North Washington Street, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Emily J. Tollefson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Puget Sound, 1500 N Warner Street, Tacoma, Washington 98416, United States
| | - Lauren E. Toote
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Elizabethtown
College, 1 Alpha Drive, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania 17022, United States
| | - Korin E. Wheeler
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Santa Clara
University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California 95053, United States
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12
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Guo LT, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Hord JM, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Devereaux M, Prouty SJ, Handelman C, Campbell KP, Mickelson JR. Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy in a family of Labrador retrievers with a LARGE1 mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1169-1178. [PMID: 34654610 PMCID: PMC8963908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-dystroglycan (αDG) is a highly glycosylated cell surface protein with a significant role in cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions in muscle. αDG interaction with extracellular ligands relies on the activity of the LARGE1 glycosyltransferase that synthesizes and extends the heteropolysaccharide matriglycan. Abnormalities in αDG glycosylation and formation of matriglycan are the pathogenic mechanisms for the dystroglycanopathies, a group of congenital muscular dystrophies. Muscle biopsies were evaluated from related 6-week-old Labrador retriever puppies with poor suckling, small stature compared to normal litter mates, bow-legged stance and markedly elevated creatine kinase activities. A dystrophic phenotype with marked degeneration and regeneration, multifocal mononuclear cell infiltration and endomysial fibrosis was identified on muscle cryosections. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array genotyping data on the family members identified three regions of homozygosity in 4 cases relative to 8 controls. Analysis of whole genome sequence data from one of the cases identified a stop codon mutation in the LARGE1 gene that truncates 40% of the protein. Immunofluorescent staining and western blotting demonstrated the absence of matriglycan in skeletal muscle and heart from affected dogs. Compared to control, LARGE enzyme activity was not detected. This is the first report of a dystroglycanopathy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709 United States.
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709 United States
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Jeffrey M Hord
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - David Venzke
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Megan Devereaux
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Sally J Prouty
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Caryl Handelman
- Veterinary Housecalls of Long Island, Commack, NY 11725 United States
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
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13
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Anderson ME. Assay of the Enzymes of Glutathione Biosynthesis. Anal Biochem 2021; 644:114218. [PMID: 33974889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This article is dedicated to the late long-time Editor-in-Chief of Analytical Biochemistry, William Jakoby. As a graduate student, I remember reading many articles in Analytical Biochemistry and Methods in Enzymology, both volumes that Bill edited. I first met him as a graduate student presenting at the American Society of Biochemistry (and Molecular Biology) meetings. My Ph.D. advisor, Alton Meister, would bring over well-known biochemists and introduce me as Dr. Anderson, leaving me a bit tongue-tied being that I was still actually a humble graduate student! I next met Bill at my first Analytical Biochemistry Executive Editors meeting in San Diego when he was Editor-in-Chief Emeritus; I felt honored to be on the same board with him and serving the journal to which he had brought to prominence. His eyes were piercing and he was so sharp; his knowledge was both broad and deep. Since much of the large body of Bill's research was on glutathione S-transferases, my article focuses on the assay of the enzymes that synthesize glutathione, a substrate for glutathione S-transferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Woman's University.
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14
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Anderson ME, Marks MB, Cundari TR. Bifunctional activation of methane by bioinspired transition metal complexes. A simple methane protease model. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Walimbe AS, Okuma H, Joseph S, Yang T, Yonekawa T, Hord JM, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Torelli S, Manzur A, Devereaux M, Cuellar M, Prouty S, Ocampo Landa S, Yu L, Xiao J, Dixon JE, Muntoni F, Campbell KP. POMK regulates dystroglycan function via LARGE1-mediated elongation of matriglycan. eLife 2020; 9:e61388. [PMID: 32975514 PMCID: PMC7556876 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriglycan [-GlcA-β1,3-Xyl-α1,3-]n serves as a scaffold in many tissues for extracellular matrix proteins containing laminin-G domains including laminin, agrin, and perlecan. Like-acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase 1 (LARGE1) synthesizes and extends matriglycan on α-dystroglycan (α-DG) during skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration; however, the mechanisms which regulate matriglycan elongation are unknown. Here, we show that Protein O-Mannose Kinase (POMK), which phosphorylates mannose of core M3 (GalNAc-β1,3-GlcNAc-β1,4-Man) preceding matriglycan synthesis, is required for LARGE1-mediated generation of full-length matriglycan on α-DG (~150 kDa). In the absence of Pomk gene expression in mouse skeletal muscle, LARGE1 synthesizes a very short matriglycan resulting in a ~ 90 kDa α-DG which binds laminin but cannot prevent eccentric contraction-induced force loss or muscle pathology. Solution NMR spectroscopy studies demonstrate that LARGE1 directly interacts with core M3 and binds preferentially to the phosphorylated form. Collectively, our study demonstrates that phosphorylation of core M3 by POMK enables LARGE1 to elongate matriglycan on α-DG, thereby preventing muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya S Walimbe
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Hidehiko Okuma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Soumya Joseph
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Tiandi Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Takahiro Yonekawa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Jeffrey M Hord
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - David Venzke
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Silvia Torelli
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Megan Devereaux
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Marco Cuellar
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Sally Prouty
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Saul Ocampo Landa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Liping Yu
- Medical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineIowa CityUnited States
| | - Junyu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jack E Dixon
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San DiegoSan DiegoUnited States
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
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16
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Sheikh MO, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Yoshida-Moriguchi T, Glushka JN, Nairn AV, Galizzi M, Moremen KW, Campbell KP, Wells L. HNK-1 sulfotransferase modulates α-dystroglycan glycosylation by 3-O-sulfation of glucuronic acid on matriglycan. Glycobiology 2020; 30:817-829. [PMID: 32149355 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in multiple genes required for proper O-mannosylation of α-dystroglycan are causal for congenital/limb-girdle muscular dystrophies and abnormal brain development in mammals. Previously, we and others further elucidated the functional O-mannose glycan structure that is terminated by matriglycan, [(-GlcA-β3-Xyl-α3-)n]. This repeating disaccharide serves as a receptor for proteins in the extracellular matrix. Here, we demonstrate in vitro that HNK-1 sulfotransferase (HNK-1ST/carbohydrate sulfotransferase) sulfates terminal glucuronyl residues of matriglycan at the 3-hydroxyl and prevents further matriglycan polymerization by the LARGE1 glycosyltransferase. While α-dystroglycan isolated from mouse heart and kidney is susceptible to exoglycosidase digestion of matriglycan, the functional, lower molecular weight α-dystroglycan detected in brain, where HNK-1ST expression is elevated, is resistant. Removal of the sulfate cap by a sulfatase facilitated dual-glycosidase digestion. Our data strongly support a tissue specific mechanism in which HNK-1ST regulates polymer length by competing with LARGE for the 3-position on the nonreducing GlcA of matriglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osman Sheikh
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - David Venzke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Takako Yoshida-Moriguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John N Glushka
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Alison V Nairn
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Melina Galizzi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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17
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Anderson ME, Braïda B, Hiberty PC, Cundari TR. Revealing a Decisive Role for Secondary Coordination Sphere Nucleophiles on Methane Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3125-3131. [PMID: 31951407 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory and ab initio calculations indicate that nucleophiles can significantly reduce enthalpic barriers to methane C-H bond activation. Valence bond analysis suggests the formation of a two-center three-electron bond as the origin for the catalytic nucleophile effect. A predictive model for methane activation catalysis follows, which suggests that strongly electron-attracting and electron-rich radicals, together with both a negatively charged and strongly electron-donating outer sphere nucleophile, result in the lowest reaction barriers. It is corroborated by the sensitivity of the calculated C-H activation barriers to the external nucleophile and to continuum solvent polarity. More generally, from the present studies, one may propose proteins with hydrophobic active sites, available strong nucleophiles, and hydrogen bond donors as attractive targets for engineering novel methane functionalizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Woman's University , Denton , Texas 76204 , United States
| | - Benoît Braïda
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique , Sorbonne Université , UMR7616 CNRS, Paris 75252 , France
| | - Philippe C Hiberty
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000 , Orsay 91405 , France
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
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18
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Lau J, Trojniak AE, Maraugha MJ, VanZanten AJ, Osterbaan AJ, Serino AC, Ohnsorg ML, Cheung KM, Ashby DS, Weiss PS, Dunn BS, Anderson ME. Conformal Ultrathin Film Metal-Organic Framework Analogues: Characterization of Growth, Porosity, and Electronic Transport. Chem Mater 2019; 31:8977-8986. [PMID: 32536746 PMCID: PMC7291877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film formation and transport properties of two copper-paddlewheel metal-organic framework (MOF) -based systems (MOF-14 and MOF-399) are investigated for their potential integration into electrochemical device architectures. Thin-film analogs of these two systems are fabricated by the sequential, alternating, solution-phase deposition of the inorganic and organic ligand precursors that result in conformal films via van der Merwe-like growth. Atomic force microscopy reveals smooth film morphologies with surface roughnesses determined by the underlying substrates and linear film growth of 1.4 and 2.2 nm per layer for the MOF-14 and MOF-399 systems, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to evaluate the electronic transport properties of the thin films, finding that the MOF-14 analog films demonstrate low electronic conductivity, while MOF-399 analog films are electronically insulating. The intrinsic porosities of these ultrathin MOF analog films are confirmed by cyclic voltammetry redox probe characterization using ferrocene. Larger peak currents are observed for MOF-399 analog films compared to MOF-14 analog films, which is consistent with the larger pores of MOF-399. The layer-by-layer deposition of these systems provides a promising route to incorporate MOFs as thin films with nanoscale thickness control and low surface roughness for electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Lau
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ashley E. Trojniak
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
| | - Macy J. Maraugha
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
| | - Alyssa J. VanZanten
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
| | | | - Andrew C. Serino
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Monica L. Ohnsorg
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
| | - Kevin M. Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David S. Ashby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bruce S. Dunn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina 29613, United States
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Anderson ME, Rodic N, Subtil A, Queen D, Arcasoy S, Niedt GW, Heald PW, Geskin LJ. Multifocal pleomorphic dermal sarcoma and the role of inflammation and immunosuppression in a lung transplant patient: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2019; 13:169. [PMID: 31142349 PMCID: PMC6542061 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-019-2093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma is the cutaneous variant of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. It is a rare malignancy of unclear histogenesis; it is a diagnosis of exclusion that requires extensive use of immunohistochemistry to rule out other malignancies. Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma typically presents as a solitary tumor in sun-exposed areas and may have unpredictable clinical behavior, with some tumors associated with metastasis and death. Case presentation We present an unusual case of multifocal pleomorphic dermal sarcoma arising in the areas of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis in a lung transplant patient. Our patient was a 58-year-old white woman whose initial presentation was consistent with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis. She then developed extensive multifocal, bleeding, and ulcerated nodules in the areas of the panniculitis. A skin biopsy was consistent with a diagnosis of pleomorphic dermal sarcoma. Her immunosuppressive regimen was decreased, and she was treated with liposomal doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 every 3 weeks with some initial improvement in the size of her tumors. However, soon after beginning therapy, she developed pneumonia and septic shock and ultimately died from multi-organ failure. Conclusions We hypothesize that chronic, multifocal inflammation in the skin in the setting of immunosuppression led to simultaneous, malignant transformation in numerous skin lesions. We discuss the challenges of diagnosing pleomorphic dermal sarcoma, therapeutic options, and stress the need for multidisciplinary management of these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nemanja Rodic
- Department of Dermatology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Antonio Subtil
- Department of Dermatology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dawn Queen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Selim Arcasoy
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Ave, 12th floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - George W Niedt
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Ave, 12th floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Peter W Heald
- Department of Dermatology, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Larisa J Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 161 Fort Washington Ave, 12th floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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20
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Beltrán D, Anderson ME, Bharathy N, Settelmeyer TP, Svalina MN, Bajwa Z, Shern JF, Gultekin SH, Cuellar MA, Yonekawa T, Keller C, Campbell KP. Exogenous expression of the glycosyltransferase LARGE1 restores α-dystroglycan matriglycan and laminin binding in rhabdomyosarcoma. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:11. [PMID: 31054580 PMCID: PMC6500046 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background α-Dystroglycan is the highly glycosylated component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) that binds with high-affinity to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins containing laminin-G-like (LG) domains via a unique heteropolysaccharide [-GlcA-beta1,3-Xyl-alpha1,3-]n called matriglycan. Changes in expression of components of the DGC or in the O-glycosylation of α-dystroglycan result in muscular dystrophy but are also observed in certain cancers. In mice, the loss of either of two DGC proteins, dystrophin or α-sarcoglycan, is associated with a high incidence of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). In addition, glycosylation of α-dystroglycan is aberrant in a small cohort of human patients with RMS. Since both the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan and its function as an ECM receptor require over 18 post-translational processing enzymes, we hypothesized that understanding its role in the pathogenesis of RMS requires a complete analysis of the expression of dystroglycan-modifying enzymes and the characterization of α-dystroglycan glycosylation in the context of RMS. Methods A series of cell lines and biopsy samples from human and mouse RMS were analyzed for the glycosylation status of α-dystroglycan and for expression of the genes encoding the responsible enzymes, in particular those required for the addition of matriglycan. Furthermore, the glycosyltransferase LARGE1 was ectopically expressed in RMS cells to determine its effects on matriglycan modifications and the ability of α-dystroglycan to function as a laminin receptor. Results Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting of a collection of primary RMS tumors show that although α-dystroglycan is consistently expressed and glycosylated in these tumors, α-dystroglycan lacks matriglycan and the ability to bind laminin. Similarly, in a series of cell lines derived from human and mouse RMS, α-dystroglycan lacks matriglycan modification and the ability to bind laminin. RNAseq data from RMS cell lines was analyzed for expression of the genes known to be involved in α-dystroglycan glycosylation, which revealed that, for most cell lines, the lack of matriglycan can be attributed to the downregulation of the dystroglycan-modifying enzyme LARGE1. Ectopic expression of LARGE1 in these cell cultures restored matriglycan to levels comparable to those in muscle and restored high-affinity laminin binding to α-dystroglycan. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that a lack of matriglycan on α-dystroglycan is a common feature in RMS due to the downregulation of LARGE1, and that ectopic expression of LARGE1 can restore matriglycan modifications and the ability of α-dystroglycan to function as an ECM receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Beltrán
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1101, USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1101, USA
| | - Narendra Bharathy
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, 12655 SW Beaverdam Road W, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - Teagan P Settelmeyer
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, 12655 SW Beaverdam Road W, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - Matthew N Svalina
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, 12655 SW Beaverdam Road W, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - Zia Bajwa
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, 12655 SW Beaverdam Road W, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - John F Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sakir H Gultekin
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Marco A Cuellar
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1101, USA
| | - Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1101, USA
| | - Charles Keller
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, 12655 SW Beaverdam Road W, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA.
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242-1101, USA.
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21
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Chakravorty S, Berger K, Arafat D, Nallamilli BRR, Subramanian HP, Joseph S, Anderson ME, Campbell KP, Glass J, Gibson G, Hegde M. Clinical utility of RNA sequencing to resolve unusual GNE myopathy with a novel promoter deletion. Muscle Nerve 2019; 60:98-103. [PMID: 30990900 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION UDP N-acetylglucosamine2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine-kinase (GNE) gene mutations can cause mostly autosomal-recessive myopathy with juvenile-onset known as hereditary inclusion-body myopathy (HIBM). METHODS We describe a family of a patient showing an unusual HIBM with both vacuolar myopathy and myositis without quadriceps-sparing, hindering diagnosis. We show how genetic testing with functional assays, clinical transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) in particular, helped facilitate both the diagnosis and a better understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationship. RESULTS We identified a novel 7.08 kb pathogenic deletion upstream of GNE using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and a common Val727Met variant. Using RNA-seq, we found only monoallelic (Val727Met-allele) expression, leading to ~50% GNE reduction in muscle. Importantly, α-dystroglycan is hypoglycosylated in the patient muscle, suggesting HIBM could be a "dystroglycanopathy." CONCLUSIONS Our study shows the importance of considering aCGH for GNE-myopathies, and the potential of RNA-seq for faster, definitive molecular diagnosis of unusual myopathies. Muscle Nerve, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samya Chakravorty
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Building Suite 301, 615 Michael Street NE, Georgia, USA
| | - Kiera Berger
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dalia Arafat
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Babi Ramesh Reddy Nallamilli
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Building Suite 301, 615 Michael Street NE, Georgia, USA
| | - Hari Prasanna Subramanian
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Soumya Joseph
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Jonathan Glass
- Department of Neurology and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Madhuri Hegde
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Building Suite 301, 615 Michael Street NE, Georgia, USA.,Global Laboratory Services/Diagnostics, Perkin Elmer, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn Queen
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Stephen L. Vance
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Larisa J. Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Correspondence to: Larisa J. Geskin, MD, 161 Fort Washington Ave, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10032.
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23
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González Coraspe JA, Weis J, Anderson ME, Münchberg U, Lorenz K, Buchkremer S, Carr S, Zahedi RP, Brauers E, Michels H, Sunada Y, Lochmüller H, Campbell KP, Freier E, Hathazi D, Roos A. Biochemical and pathological changes result from mutated Caveolin-3 in muscle. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:28. [PMID: 30153853 PMCID: PMC6114045 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caveolin-3 (CAV3) is a muscle-specific protein localized to the sarcolemma. It was suggested that CAV3 is involved in the connection between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cytoskeleton. Caveolinopathies often go along with increased CK levels indicative of sarcolemmal damage. So far, more than 40 dominant pathogenic mutations have been described leading to several phenotypes many of which are associated with a mis-localization of the mutant protein to the Golgi. Golgi retention and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been demonstrated for the CAV3 p.P104L mutation, but further downstream pathophysiological consequences remained elusive so far. Methods We utilized a transgenic (p.P104L mutant) mouse model and performed proteomic profiling along with immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and immunoblot examinations (including examination of α-dystroglycan glycosylation), and morphological studies (electron and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy) in a systematic investigation of molecular and subcellular events in p.P104L caveolinopathy. Results Our electron and CARS microscopic as well as immunological studies revealed Golgi and ER proliferations along with a build-up of protein aggregates further characterized by immunoprecipitation and subsequent mass spectrometry. Molecular characterization these aggregates showed affection of mitochondrial and cytoskeletal proteins which accords with our ultra-structural findings. Additional global proteomic profiling revealed vulnerability of 120 proteins in diseased quadriceps muscle supporting our previous findings and providing more general insights into the underlying pathophysiology. Moreover, our data suggested that further DGC components are altered by the perturbed protein processing machinery but are not prone to form aggregates whereas other sarcolemmal proteins are ubiquitinated or bind to p62. Although the architecture of the ER and Golgi as organelles of protein glycosylation are altered, the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan presented unchanged. Conclusions Our combined data classify the p.P104 caveolinopathy as an ER-Golgi disorder impairing proper protein processing and leading to aggregate formation pertaining proteins important for mitochondrial function, cytoskeleton, ECM remodeling and sarcolemmal integrity. Glycosylation of sarcolemmal proteins seems to be normal. The new pathophysiological insights might be of relevance for the development of therapeutic strategies for caveolinopathy patients targeting improved protein folding capacity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13395-018-0173-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ute Münchberg
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephan Buchkremer
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Carr
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - René Peiman Zahedi
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3T2, Canada.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Eva Brauers
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannah Michels
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - Yoshihide Sunada
- Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK.,Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada and Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Erik Freier
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Denisa Hathazi
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Biomedical Research Department, Tissue Omics group, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
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Bowser BH, Brower LJ, Ohnsorg ML, Gentry LK, Beaudoin CK, Anderson ME. Comparison of Surface-Bound and Free-Standing Variations of HKUST-1 MOFs: Effect of Activation and Ammonia Exposure on Morphology, Crystallinity, and Composition. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E650. [PMID: 30142895 PMCID: PMC6164254 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely porous, crystalline materials with high surface area for potential use in gas storage, sequestration, and separations. Toward incorporation into structures for these applications, this study compares three variations of surface-bound and free-standing HKUST-1 MOF structures: surface-anchored MOF (surMOF) thin film, drop-cast film, and bulk powder. Herein, effects of HKUST-1 ammonia interaction and framework activation, which is removal of guest molecules via heat, are investigated. Impact on morphology and crystal structure as a function of surface confinement and size variance are examined. Scanning probe microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy monitor changes in morphology and crystal structure, track ammonia uptake, and examine elemental composition. After fabrication, ammonia uptake is observed for all MOF variations, but reveals dramatic morphological and crystal structure changes. However, activation of the framework was found to stabilize morphology. For activated surMOF films, findings demonstrate consistent morphology throughout uptake, removal, and recycling of ammonia over multiple exposures. To understand morphological effects, additional ammonia exposure experiments with controlled post-synthetic solvent adsorbates were conducted utilizing a HKUST-1 standard powder. These findings are foundational for determining the capabilities and limitation of MOF films and powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon H Bowser
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, MI 49422, USA.
| | - Landon J Brower
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, MI 49422, USA.
| | - Monica L Ohnsorg
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, MI 49422, USA.
| | - Lauren K Gentry
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, MI 49422, USA.
| | | | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, MI 49422, USA.
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25
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Anderson ME, Nagy-Szakal D, Jain K, Patrone CC, Frattini MG, Lipkin WI, Geskin LJ. Highly Sensitive Virome Capture Sequencing Technique VirCapSeq-VERT Identifies Partial Noncoding Sequences but no Active Viral Infection in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1671-1673. [PMID: 29427587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dorottya Nagy-Szakal
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Komal Jain
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christina C Patrone
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark G Frattini
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - W Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Larisa J Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
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26
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Brower LJ, Gentry LK, Napier AL, Anderson ME. Tailoring the nanoscale morphology of HKUST-1 thin films via codeposition and seeded growth. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:2307-2314. [PMID: 29181287 PMCID: PMC5687001 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Integration of surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks (surMOFs) within hierarchical architectures is necessary for potential sensing, electronic, optical, or separation applications. It is important to understand the fundamentals of film formation for these surMOFs in order to develop strategies for their incorporation with nanoscale control over lateral and vertical dimensions. This research identified processing parameters to control the film morphology for surMOFs of HKUST-1 fabricated by codeposition and seeded deposition. Time and temperature were investigated to observe film formation, to control film thickness, and to tune morphology. Film thickness was investigated by ellipsometry, while film structure and film roughness were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Films formed via codeposition resulted in nanocrystallites anchored to the gold substrate. A dynamic process at the interface was observed with a low density of large particulates (above 100 nm) initially forming on the substrate; and over time these particulates were slowly replaced by the prevalence of smaller crystallites (ca. 10 nm) covering the substrate at a high density. Elevated temperature was found to expedite the growth process to obtain the full range of surface morphologies with reasonable processing times. Seed crystals formed by the codeposition method were stable and nucleated growth throughout a subsequent layer-by-layer deposition process. These seed crystals templated the final film structure and tailor the features in lateral and vertical directions. Using codeposition and seeded growth, different surface morphologies with controllable nanoscale dimensions can be designed and fabricated for integration of MOF systems directly into device architectures and sensor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon J Brower
- Hope College, Department of Chemistry, Holland, MI 49422, United States
| | - Lauren K Gentry
- Hope College, Department of Chemistry, Holland, MI 49422, United States
| | - Amanda L Napier
- Hope College, Department of Chemistry, Holland, MI 49422, United States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Hope College, Department of Chemistry, Holland, MI 49422, United States
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27
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Serino AC, Anderson ME, Saleh LMA, Dziedzic RM, Mills H, Heidenreich LK, Spokoyny AM, Weiss PS. Work Function Control of Germanium through Carborane-Carboxylic Acid Surface Passivation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:34592-34596. [PMID: 28920673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carborane isomers with different dipole moments passivate germanium to modulate surface work function while maintaining chemical environment and surface energy. To identify head groups capable of monolayer formation on germanium surfaces, we studied thiol-, hydroxyl-, and carboxyl-terminated carboranes. These films were successfully formed with carboxylic acid head groups instead of the archetypal thiol, suggesting that the carborane cluster significantly affects headgroup reactivity. Film characterization included X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies as well as contact angle goniometry. Using these carboranes, the germanium surface work function was tailored over 0.4 eV without significant changes to wetting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College , Holland, Michigan 49423, United States
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Adnan Mir
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Melissa M Mauskar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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Scalea JR, Redfield RR, Arpali E, Leverson GE, Bennett RJ, Anderson ME, Kaufman DB, Fernandez LA, D'Alessandro AM, Foley DP, Mezrich JD. Does DCD Donor Time-to-Death Affect Recipient Outcomes? Implications of Time-to-Death at a High-Volume Center in the United States. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:191-200. [PMID: 27375072 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For donation after circulatory death (DCD), many centers allow 1 h after treatment withdrawal to donor death for kidneys. Our center has consistently allowed 2 h. We hypothesized that waiting longer would be associated with worse outcome. A single-center, retrospective analysis of DCD kidneys transplanted between 2008 and 2013 as well as a nationwide survey of organ procurement organization DCD practices were conducted. We identified 296 DCD kidneys, of which 247 (83.4%) were transplanted and 49 (16.6%) were discarded. Of the 247 recipients, 225 (group 1; 91.1%) received kidneys with a time to death (TTD) of 0-1 h; 22 (group 2; 8.9%) received grafts with a TTD of 1-2 h. Five-year patient survival was 88.8% for group 1, and 83.9% for group 2 (p = 0.667); Graft survival was also similar, with 5-year survival of 74.1% for group 1, and 83.9% for group 2 (p = 0.507). The delayed graft function rate was the same in both groups (50.2% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.984). TTD was not predictive of graft failure. Nationally, the average maximum wait-time for DCD kidneys was 77.2 min. By waiting 2 h for DCD kidneys, we performed 9.8% more transplants without worse outcomes. Nationally, this practice would allow for hundreds of additional kidney transplants, annually.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Scalea
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - R R Redfield
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - E Arpali
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - G E Leverson
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - R J Bennett
- University of Wisconsin Organ and Tissue Donation, Madison, WI
| | - M E Anderson
- University of Wisconsin Organ and Tissue Donation, Madison, WI
| | - D B Kaufman
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - L A Fernandez
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - A M D'Alessandro
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - D P Foley
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - J D Mezrich
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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Abstract
CONTEXT Fragmentation in geriatric hip fracture care is a growing concern because of the aging population. Patients with hip fractures at our institution historically were admitted to multiple different services and units, leading to unnecessary variation in inpatient care. Such inconsistency contributed to delays in surgery, discharge, and functional recovery; hospital-acquired complications; failure to adhere to best practices in osteoporosis management; and poor coordination with outpatient practitioners. OBJECTIVE To describe a stepwise approach to systems redesign for this patient population. DESIGN We designed and implemented a comprehensive geriatric hip fracture program for patients aged 65 years and older at our academic Medical Center in October 2014. Key interventions included admission of all ward-status patients to the Orthopedics Service with hospitalist comanagement; geographic placement on the Orthopedics Unit; and standardized, evidence-based electronic order sets bundling geriatric best practices and a streamlined workflow for discharge planning. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hospital length of stay. RESULTS We identified 271 admissions among 267 patients between January 1, 2012, and March 31, 2016; of those, 154 were before and 117 were after program implementation. Mean hospital length of stay significantly improved from 6.4 to 5.5 days (p = 0.004). The 30-day all-cause readmission rate and discharge disposition remained stable. The percentage of patients receiving osteoporosis evaluation and treatment increased significantly. The rate of completed 30-day outpatient follow-up also improved. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive geriatric hip fracture program achieved and sustained gains in the quality and efficiency of care by improving fragmentation in the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Assistant Professor in the Hospital Medicine Section of the Division of General Internal Medicine at the University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine.
| | - Kelly Mcdevitt
- Clinical Nurse Manager in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Colorado Hospital in Aurora.
| | - Ethan Cumbler
- Professor in the Hospital Medicine Section of the Division of General Internal Medicine at the University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine.
| | - Heather Bennett
- Data Analyst for the Institute of Healthcare Quality, Safety, and Efficiency at the University of Colorado Hospital in Aurora.
| | - Zachary Robison
- Process Improvement Consultant for the Institute of Healthcare Quality, Safety, and Efficiency at the University of Colorado Hospital in Aurora.
| | - Bryan Gomez
- Process Improvement Consultant for the Institute of Healthcare Quality, Safety, and Efficiency at the University of Colorado Hospital in Aurora.
| | - Jason W Stoneback
- Assistant Professor in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine.
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Anderson ME, Glasheen JJ, Anoff D, Pierce R, Lane M, Jones CD. Impact of state medicaid expansion status on length of stay and in-hospital mortality for general medicine patients at US academic medical centers. J Hosp Med 2016; 11:847-852. [PMID: 27535323 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.2649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicaid is often associated with longer hospitalizations and higher in-hospital mortality than other insurance types. OBJECTIVE To characterize the impact of state Medicaid expansion status under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on payer mix, length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality. DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTS Retrospective cohort study of general medicine patients discharged from academic medical centers (AMCs) within the University HealthSystem Consortium from October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2015. INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS Hospitals were stratified according to state Medicaid expansion status. The proportion of discharges by primary payer, LOS index, and mortality index were compared between Medicaid-expansion and nonexpansion hospitals before and after ACA implementation. ACA implementation was defined as January 1, 2014, for all states except Michigan, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and Indiana, which had unique dates of Medicaid expansion. RESULTS We identified 3,144,488 discharges from 156 hospitals in 24 Medicaid-expansion states and Washington, DC, and 1,114,464 discharges from 55 hospitals in 14 nonexpansion states during the study period. Hospitals in Medicaid-expansion states experienced a significant 3.7% increase in Medicaid discharges (P = 0.013) and a 2.9% decrease in uninsured discharges (P < 0.001) after ACA implementation, whereas hospitals in nonexpansion states saw no significant change in payer mix. In a difference-in-differences analysis, the changes in LOS and mortality indices pre- to post-ACA implementation did not differ significantly between hospitals in Medicaid-expansion versus nonexpansion states. CONCLUSIONS The differential shift in payer mix between Medicaid-expansion and nonexpansion states under the ACA did not influence LOS or in-hospital mortality for general medicine patients at AMCs in the United States. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;11:847-852. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey J Glasheen
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Debra Anoff
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Read Pierce
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Molly Lane
- Institute for Healthcare Quality, Safety, and Efficiency, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christine D Jones
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Zhu Q, Venzke D, Walimbe AS, Anderson ME, Fu Q, Kinch LN, Wang W, Chen X, Grishin NV, Huang N, Yu L, Dixon JE, Campbell KP, Xiao J. Structure of protein O-mannose kinase reveals a unique active site architecture. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27879205 PMCID: PMC5142810 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘pseudokinase’ SgK196 is a protein O-mannose kinase (POMK) that catalyzes an essential phosphorylation step during biosynthesis of the laminin-binding glycan on α-dystroglycan. However, the catalytic mechanism underlying this activity remains elusive. Here we present the crystal structure of Danio rerio POMK in complex with Mg2+ ions, ADP, aluminum fluoride, and the GalNAc-β3-GlcNAc-β4-Man trisaccharide substrate, thereby providing a snapshot of the catalytic transition state of this unusual kinase. The active site of POMK is established by residues located in non-canonical positions and is stabilized by a disulfide bridge. GalNAc-β3-GlcNAc-β4-Man is recognized by a surface groove, and the GalNAc-β3-GlcNAc moiety mediates the majority of interactions with POMK. Expression of various POMK mutants in POMK knockout cells further validated the functional requirements of critical residues. Our results provide important insights into the ability of POMK to function specifically as a glycan kinase, and highlight the structural diversity of the human kinome. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22238.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - David Venzke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States
| | - Ameya S Walimbe
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States
| | - Qiuyu Fu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lisa N Kinch
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Niu Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Medical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States
| | - Jack E Dixon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, United States
| | - Junyu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Anderson ME. A Role for Physician Assistants in Organ Procurement. Prog Transplant 2016; 11:245-8. [PMID: 11871271 DOI: 10.1177/152692480101100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare in the United States, as well as the environment in which physician assistants work, is rapidly changing. Consequently, the role of a physician assistant is expanding to meet the needs of patients and physicians of all specialties of medicine and surgery. In organ procurement, physician assistants can be a valuable asset to an organ procurement organization because of their medical education, versatility, and commitment to personalized care to organ donors and their families. Physician assistants are healthcare professionals who are uniquely qualified for a variety of roles within the organization: Clinician, educator, consultant, donor and family liaison, and researcher.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Anderson
- University of Wisconsin Hospital, Clinics Organ Procurement Organization, Madison, Wis., USA
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Ernst DC, Anderson ME, Downs DM. L-2,3-diaminopropionate generates diverse metabolic stresses in Salmonella enterica. Mol Microbiol 2016; 101:210-23. [PMID: 27010356 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Unchecked amino acid accumulation in living cells has the potential to cause stress by disrupting normal metabolic processes. Thus, many organisms have evolved degradation strategies that prevent endogenous accumulation of amino acids. L-2,3-diaminopropionate (Dap) is a non-protein amino acid produced in nature where it serves as a precursor to siderophores, neurotoxins and antibiotics. Dap accumulation in Salmonella enterica was previously shown to inhibit growth by unknown mechanisms. The production of diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase (DpaL) alleviated Dap toxicity in S. enterica by catalyzing the degradation of Dap to pyruvate and ammonia. Here, we demonstrate that Dap accumulation in S. enterica elicits a proline requirement for growth and specifically inhibits coenzyme A and isoleucine biosynthesis. Additionally, we establish that the DpaL-dependent degradation of Dap to pyruvate proceeds through an unbound 2-aminoacrylate (2AA) intermediate, thus contributing to 2AA stress inside the cell. The reactive intermediate deaminase, RidA, is shown to prevent 2AA damage caused by DpaL-dependent Dap degradation by enhancing the rate of 2AA hydrolysis. The results presented herein inform our understanding of the effects Dap has on metabolism in S. enterica, and likely other organisms, and highlight the critical role played by RidA in preventing 2AA stress stemming from Dap detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin C Ernst
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2605, USA
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2605, USA
| | - Diana M Downs
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2605, USA
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Walker V, Mills GA, Anderson ME, Ingle BL, Jackson JM, Moss CL, Sharrod-Cole H, Skipp PJ. The acetaminophen metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) inhibits glutathione synthetase in vitro; a clue to the mechanism of 5-oxoprolinuric acidosis? Xenobiotica 2016; 47:164-175. [PMID: 27086508 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2016.1166533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. Metabolic acidosis due to accumulation of l-5-oxoproline is a rare, poorly understood, disorder associated with acetaminophen treatment in malnourished patients with chronic morbidity. l-5-Oxoprolinuria signals abnormal functioning of the γ-glutamyl cycle, which recycles and synthesises glutathione. Inhibition of glutathione synthetase (GS) by N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) could contribute to 5-oxoprolinuric acidosis in such patients. We investigated the interaction of NAPQI with GS in vitro. 2. Peptide mapping of co-incubated NAPQI and GS using mass spectrometry demonstrated binding of NAPQI with cysteine-422 of GS, which is known to be essential for GS activity. Computational docking shows that NAPQI is properly positioned for covalent bonding with cysteine-422 via Michael addition and hence supports adduct formation. 3. Co-incubation of 0.77 μM of GS with NAPQI (25-400 μM) decreased enzyme activity by 16-89%. Inhibition correlated strongly with the concentration of NAPQI and was irreversible. 4. NAPQI binds covalently to GS causing irreversible enzyme inhibition in vitro. This is an important novel biochemical observation. It is the first indication that NAPQI may inhibit glutathione synthesis, which is pivotal in NAPQI detoxification. Further studies are required to investigate its biological significance and its role in 5-oxoprolinuric acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Walker
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK
| | - Graham A Mills
- b School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth , UK
| | - Mary E Anderson
- c Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Woman's University , Denton , TX , USA
| | - Brandall L Ingle
- d Department of Chemistry , Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling, University of North Texas , Denton , TX , USA
| | - John M Jackson
- e NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , UK , and
| | - Charlotte L Moss
- f Centre for Proteomic Research and Biological Sciences, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - Hayley Sharrod-Cole
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK
| | - Paul J Skipp
- f Centre for Proteomic Research and Biological Sciences, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
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Anderson ME, Glasheen JJ, Anoff D, Pierce R, Capp R, Jones CD. Understanding predictors of prolonged hospitalizations among general medicine patients: A guide and preliminary analysis. J Hosp Med 2015; 10:623-6. [PMID: 26126812 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Targeting patients with prolonged hospitalizations may represent an effective strategy for reducing average hospital length of stay (LOS). We sought to characterize predictors of prolonged hospitalizations among general medicine patients to guide future improvement efforts. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using administrative data of general medicine patients discharged from inpatient status from our academic medical center between 2012 and 2014. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables with prolonged LOS, defined as >21 days. Of 18,363 discharges, 416 (2.3%) demonstrated prolonged LOS. Prolonged hospitalizations accounted for 18.6% of total inpatient days and contributed 0.8 days to an average LOS of 4.8 days during the study period. Prolonged hospitalizations were associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.80 per 10-year increase in age, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.87) and Medicaid insurance (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.29-3.05, REF = Medicare). Compared to patients without prolonged LOS, prolonged LOS patients were more likely to have methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus septicemia (OR: 8.83, 95% CI: 1.72-45.36); require a palliative care consult (OR: 4.63, 95% CI: 2.86-7.49), ICU stay (OR: 6.66, 95% CI: 5.22-8.50), or surgery (OR: 5.04, 95% CI: 3.90-6.52); and be discharged to a post-acute-care facility (OR: 10.37, 95% CI: 6.92-15.56). Prolonged hospitalizations in a small proportion of patients were an important contributor to overall LOS and particularly affected Medicaid enrollees with complex hospital stays who were not discharged home. Further studies are needed to determine the reasons for discharge delays in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Anderson
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey J Glasheen
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Debra Anoff
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Read Pierce
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Roberta Capp
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christine D Jones
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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Ohnsorg ML, Beaudoin CK, Anderson ME. Fundamentals of MOF Thin Film Growth via Liquid-Phase Epitaxy: Investigating the Initiation of Deposition and the Influence of Temperature. Langmuir 2015; 31:6114-6121. [PMID: 26020573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Thin films can integrate the versatility and great potential found in the emerging field of metal-organic frameworks directly into device architectures. For fabrication of smart interfaces containing surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks, it is important to understand how the foundational layers form to create the interface between the underlying substrate and porous framework. Herein, the formation and morphology of the first ten cycles of film deposition are investigated for the well-studied HKUST-1 system. Effects of processing variables, such as deposition temperature and substrate quality, are studied. Sequences of scanning probe microscopy images collected after cycles of alternating solution-phase deposition reveal the formation of a discontinuous surface with nucleating and growing crystallites consistent with a Volmer-Weber growth mechanism. Quantitative image analysis determines surface roughness and surface coverage as a function of deposition cycles, producing insight regarding growth and structure of foundational film layers. For carboxylic acid terminated self-assembled monolayers on gold, preferred crystal orientation is influenced by deposition temperature with crystal growth along [100] observed at 25 °C and [111] favored at 50 °C. This difference in crystal orientation results in reduced surface roughness and increased surface coverage at 50 °C. To properly fabricate and fully determine the potential of this material for industrial applications, fundamental understanding of film formation is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Ohnsorg
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49422, United States
| | - Christopher K Beaudoin
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49422, United States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Hope College, 35 E. 12th Street, Holland, Michigan 49422, United States
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De Jesus MC, Ingle BL, Barakat KA, Shrestha B, Slavens KD, Cundari TR, Anderson ME. The role of strong electrostatic interactions at the dimer interface of human glutathione synthetase. Protein J 2015; 33:403-9. [PMID: 25070563 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-014-9573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The obligate homodimer human glutathione synthetase (hGS) provides an ideal system for exploring the role of protein-protein interactions in the structural stability, activity and allostery of enzymes. The two active sites of hGS, which are 40 Å apart, display allosteric modulation by the substrate γ-glutamylcysteine (γ-GC) during the synthesis of glutathione, a key cellular antioxidant. The two subunits interact at a relatively small dimer interface dominated by electrostatic interactions between S42, R221, and D24. Alanine scans of these sites result in enzymes with decreased activity, altered γ-GC affinity, and decreased thermal stability. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate these mutations disrupt interchain bonding and impact the tertiary structure of hGS. While the ionic hydrogen bonds and salt bridges between S42, R221, and D24 do not mediate allosteric communication in hGS, these interactions have a dramatic impact on the activity and structural stability of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita C De Jesus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Woman's University, P.O. Box 425859, Denton, TX, 76204, USA
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Chobanian MC, Anderson ME, Markley JL, Brazy PC. ATP turnover and intracellular pH limit glutamine utilization in canine renal proximal tubules. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 110:20-4. [PMID: 7956252 DOI: 10.1159/000423393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Chobanian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Jones CD, Vu MB, O'Donnell CM, Anderson ME, Patel S, Wald HL, Coleman EA, DeWalt DA. A failure to communicate: a qualitative exploration of care coordination between hospitalists and primary care providers around patient hospitalizations. J Gen Intern Med 2015; 30:417-24. [PMID: 25316586 PMCID: PMC4370981 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-014-3056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care coordination between adult hospitalists and primary care providers (PCPs) is a critical component of successful transitions of care from hospital to home, yet one that is not well understood. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to understand the challenges in coordination of care, as well as potential solutions, from the perspective of hospitalists and PCPs in North Carolina. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted an exploratory qualitative study with 58 clinicians in four hospitalist focus groups (n = 32), three PCP focus groups (n = 19), and one hybrid group with both hospitalists and PCPs (n = 7). APPROACH Interview guides included questions about care coordination, information exchange, follow-up care, accountability, and medication management. Focus group sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed in ATLAS.ti. The constant comparative method was used to evaluate differences between hospitalists and PCPs. KEY RESULTS Hospitalists and PCPs were found to encounter similar care coordination challenges, including (1) lack of time, (2) difficulty reaching other clinicians, (3) lack of personal relationships with other clinicians, (4) lack of information feedback loops, (5) medication list discrepancies, and (6) lack of clarity regarding accountability for pending tests and home health. Hospitalists additionally noted difficulty obtaining timely follow-up appointments for after-hours or weekend discharges. PCPs additionally noted (1) not knowing when patients were hospitalized, (2) not having hospital records for post-hospitalization appointments, (3) difficulty locating important information in discharge summaries, and (4) feeling undervalued when hospitalists made medication changes without involving PCPs. Hospitalists and PCPs identified common themes of successful care coordination as (1) greater efforts to coordinate care for "high-risk" patients, (2) improved direct telephone access to each other, (3) improved information exchange through shared electronic medical records, (4) enhanced interpersonal relationships, and (5) clearly defined accountability. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalists and PCPs encounter similar challenges in care coordination, yet have important experiential differences related to sending and receiving roles for hospital discharges. Efforts to improve coordination of care between hospitalists and PCPs should aim to understand perspectives of clinicians in each setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine D Jones
- Hospital Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA,
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Inamori KI, Willer T, Hara Y, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Clarke NF, Guicheney P, Bönnemann CG, Moore SA, Campbell KP. Endogenous glucuronyltransferase activity of LARGE or LARGE2 required for functional modification of α-dystroglycan in cells and tissues. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:28138-48. [PMID: 25138275 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.597831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the LARGE gene have been identified in congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) patients with brain abnormalities. Both LARGE and its paralog, LARGE2 (also referred to as GYLTL1B) are bifunctional glycosyltransferases with xylosyltransferase (Xyl-T) and glucuronyltransferase (GlcA-T) activities, and are capable of forming polymers consisting of [-3Xyl-α1,3GlcAβ1-] repeats. LARGE-dependent modification of α-dystroglycan (α-DG) with these polysaccharides is essential for the ability of α-DG to act as a receptor for ligands in the extracellular matrix. Here we report on the endogenous enzymatic activities of LARGE and LARGE2 in mice and humans, using a newly developed assay for GlcA-T activity. We show that normal mouse and human cultured cells have endogenous LARGE GlcA-T, and that this activity is absent in cells from the Large(myd) (Large-deficient) mouse model of muscular dystrophy, as well as in cells from CMD patients with mutations in the LARGE gene. We also demonstrate that GlcA-T activity is significant in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle of wild-type and Large2(-/-) mice, but negligible in the corresponding tissues of the Large(myd) mice. Notably, GlcA-T activity is substantial, though reduced, in the kidneys of both the Large(myd) and Large2(-/-) mice, consistent with the observation of α-DG/laminin binding in these contexts. This study is the first to test LARGE activity in samples as small as cryosections and, moreover, provides the first direct evidence that not only LARGE, but also LARGE2, is vital to effective functional modification of α-DG in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichiro Inamori
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101, Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tobias Willer
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101
| | - Yuji Hara
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101
| | - David Venzke
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101
| | - Mary E Anderson
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101
| | - Nigel F Clarke
- Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pascale Guicheney
- Inserm, U1166, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1166, Paris, France
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Steven A Moore
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101,
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Yoshida-Moriguchi T, Willer T, Anderson ME, Venzke D, Whyte T, Muntoni F, Lee H, Nelson SF, Yu L, Campbell KP. SGK196 is a glycosylation-specific O-mannose kinase required for dystroglycan function. Science 2013; 341:896-9. [PMID: 23929950 DOI: 10.1126/science.1239951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide [N-acetylgalactosamine-β3-N-acetylglucosamine-β4-(phosphate-6-)mannose] is required for dystroglycan to bind laminin-G domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity in muscle and brain. However, the enzymes that produce this structure have not been fully elucidated. We found that glycosyltransferase-like domain-containing 2 (GTDC2) is a protein O-linked mannose β 1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase whose product could be extended by β 1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase2 (B3GALNT2) to form the O-mannosyl trisaccharide. Furthermore, we identified SGK196 as an atypical kinase that phosphorylated the 6-position of O-mannose, specifically after the mannose had been modified by both GTDC2 and B3GALNT2. These findings suggest how mutations in GTDC2, B3GALNT2, and SGK196 disrupt dystroglycan receptor function and lead to congenital muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Yoshida-Moriguchi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101, USA
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Inamori KI, Hara Y, Willer T, Anderson ME, Zhu Z, Yoshida-Moriguchi T, Campbell KP. Xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase functions of LARGE in α-dystroglycan modification are conserved in LARGE2. Glycobiology 2012; 23:295-302. [PMID: 23125099 PMCID: PMC3555503 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
LARGE-dependent modification enables α-dystroglycan (α-DG) to bind to its extracellular matrix ligands. Mutations in the LARGE gene and several others involved in O-mannosyl glycan synthesis have been identified in congenital and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies that are characterized by perturbed glycosylation and reduced ligand-binding affinity of α-DG. LARGE is a bifunctional glycosyltransferase that alternately transfers xylose and glucuronic acid, thereby generating the heteropolysaccharides on α-DG that confer its ligand binding. Although the LARGE paralog LARGE2 (also referred to as GYLTL1B) has likewise been shown to enhance the functional modification of α-DG in cultured cells, its enzymatic activities have not been identified. Here, we report that LARGE2 is also a bifunctional glycosyltransferase and compare its properties with those of LARGE. By means of a high-performance liquid chromatography-based enzymatic assay, we demonstrate that like LARGE, LARGE2 has xylosyltransferase (Xyl-T) and glucuronyltransferase (GlcA-T) activities, as well as polymerizing activity. Notably, however, the pH optima of the Xyl-T and GlcA-T of LARGE2 are distinct from one another and also from those of LARGE. Our results suggest that LARGE and LARGE2 catalyze the same glycosylation reactions for the functional modification of α-DG, but that they have different biochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichiro Inamori
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101, USA
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Németi B, Anderson ME, Gregus Z. Glutathione synthetase promotes the reduction of arsenate via arsenolysis of glutathione. Biochimie 2012; 94:1327-33. [PMID: 22426003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The environmentally prevalent arsenate (As(V)) undergoes reduction in the body to the much more toxic arsenite (As(III)). Phosphorolytic enzymes and ATP synthase can promote the reduction As(V) by converting it into arsenylated products in which the pentavalent arsenic is more reducible by glutathione (GSH) to As(III) than in inorganic As(V). Glutathione synthetase (GS) can catalyze the arsenolysis of GSH (γ-Glu-Cys-Gly) yielding two arsenylated products, i.e. γ-Glu-Cys-arsenate and ADP-arsenate. Thus, GS may also promote the reduction of As(V) by GSH. This hypothesis was tested with human recombinant GS, a Mg(2+) dependent enzyme. GS markedly increased As(III) formation when incubated with As(V), GSH, Mg(2+) and ADP, but not when GSH, Mg(2+) or ADP were separately omitted. Phosphate, a substrate competitive with As(V) in the arsenolysis of GSH, as well as the products of GSH arsenolysis or their analogs, e.g. glycine and γ-Glu-aminobutyrate, decreased As(V) reduction. Replacement of ADP with ATP or an analog that cannot be phosphorylated or arsenylated abolished As(V) reduction, indicating that GS-supported As(V) reduction requires formation of ADP-arsenate. In the presence of ADP, however, ATP (but not its metabolically inert analog) tripled As(V) reduction because ATP permits GS to remove the arsenolysis inhibitory glycine and γ-Glu-Cys by converting them into GSH. GS failed to promote As(V) reduction when GSH was replaced with ophthalmic acid, a GSH analog substrate of GS containing no SH group (although ophthalmic acid did undergo GS-catalyzed arsenolysis), indicating that the SH group of GSH is important for As(V) reduction. Our findings support the conclusion that GS promotes reduction of As(V) by catalyzing the arsenolysis of GSH, thus producing ADP-arsenate, which upon being released from the enzyme is readily reduced by GSH to As(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Németi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Toxicology Section, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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Abstract
Posttranslational modification of alpha-dystroglycan (α-DG) by the like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LARGE) is required for it to function as an extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor. Mutations in the LARGE gene have been identified in congenital muscular dystrophy patients with brain abnormalities. However, the precise function of LARGE remains unclear. Here we found that LARGE could act as a bifunctional glycosyltransferase, with both xylosyltransferase and glucuronyltransferase activities, which produced repeating units of [-3-xylose-α1,3-glucuronic acid-β1-]. This modification allowed α-DG to bind laminin-G domain-containing ECM ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichiro Inamori
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
| | - Takako Yoshida-Moriguchi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
| | - Yuji Hara
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
| | - Liping Yu
- Medical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, B291 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
| | - Kevin P. Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242–1101, USA
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Brown TR, Drummond ML, Barelier S, Crutchfield AS, Dinescu A, Slavens KD, Cundari TR, Anderson ME. Aspartate 458 of human glutathione synthetase is important for cooperativity and active site structure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 411:536-42. [PMID: 21771585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human glutathione synthetase (hGS) catalyzes the second ATP-dependent step in the biosynthesis of glutathione (GSH) and is negatively cooperative to the γ-glutamyl substrate. The hGS active site is composed of three highly conserved catalytic loops, notably the alanine rich A-loop. Experimental and computational investigations of the impact of mutation of Asp458 are reported, and thus the role of this A-loop residue on hGS structure, activity, negativity cooperativity and stability is defined. Several Asp458 hGS mutants (D458A, D458N and D458R) were constructed using site-directed mutagenesis and their activities determined (10%, 15% and 7% of wild-type hGS, respectively). The Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)) was determined for all three substrates (glycine, GAB and ATP): glycine K(m) increased by 30-115-fold, GAB K(m) decreased by 8-17-fold, and the ATP K(m) was unchanged. All Asp458 mutants display a change in cooperativity from negative cooperativity to non-cooperative. All mutants show similar stability as compared to wild-type hGS, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The findings indicate that Asp458 is essential for hGS catalysis and that it impacts the allostery of hGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76204, United States
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Slavens KD, Brown TR, Barakat KA, Cundari TR, Anderson ME. Valine 44 and valine 45 of human glutathione synthetase are key for subunit stability and negative cooperativity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 410:597-601. [PMID: 21683691 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It was hypothesized that residues Val44 and Val45 serve as important residues for human glutathione synthetase (hGS) function and stability given their location at the dimer interface of this enzyme. Computational studies suggest that mutation at Val45 has more impact on the structure and stability of hGS than does mutation at Val44. Experimentally, enzymes with mutations at the 44 and or 45 positions of hGS were prepared, purified and assayed for initial activity. Val45 position mutations (either to alanine or tryptophan) have a greater impact on enzyme activity than do mutations at Val44. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments reveal a loss of stability in all mutant enzymes, with V45 mutations being less stable than the corresponding Val44 mutations. The γ-GluABA substrate affinity remains unaltered in V44A and V45A mutant enzymes, but increases when tryptophan is introduced at either of these positions. Hill coefficients trend towards less negative cooperativity with the exception of V45W mutant hGS. These results imply that residues V44 and V45 are located along the allosteric pathway of this negatively cooperative dimeric enzyme, that their mutation impacts the allosteric pathway more than it does the active site of hGS, and that these residues (and by extension the dimer interface in which they are located) are integral to the stability of human glutathione synthetase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri D Slavens
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76204, USA
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Franklin GA, McClave SA, Hurt RT, Lowen CC, Stout AE, Stogner LL, Priest NL, Haffner ME, Deibel KR, Bose DL, Blandford BS, Hermann T, Anderson ME. Physician-Delivered Malnutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2011; 35:337-42. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607110374060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen A. Franklin
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Stephen A. McClave
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Ryan T. Hurt
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Cynthia C. Lowen
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Allyson E. Stout
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Lisa L. Stogner
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Nicole L. Priest
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mary E. Haffner
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Karl R. Deibel
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Dana L. Bose
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Barbara S. Blandford
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Tyler Hermann
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mary E. Anderson
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Auchus RJ, Wians FH, Anderson ME, Dolmatch BL, Trimmer CK, Josephs SC, Chan D, Toomay S, Nwariaku FE. What we still do not know about adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42:411-5. [PMID: 20411476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
During the last two decades, primary aldosteronism has emerged as the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition have improved patient care substantially. A major stumbling block in the evaluation and management of these patients, which ultimately guides treatment and prognosis, is answering the question, "Which adrenal gland(s) produce aldosterone?" Adrenal vein sampling has emerged as the only reliable method to determine the answer to this question; however, the methodology and criteria for lateralization have been determined empirically with little prospective data. The major remaining controversies surrounding adrenal vein sampling include: who should perform and who should undergo the procedure; what criteria should be used to define a successful study and lateralization of aldosterone production; whether cosyntropin should be infused during the procedure and how; and what to do when results are ambiguous? This article reviews some of the advances in the execution of this procedure, the variations in procedure, the data that fuel the controversies, and the issues that need to be resolved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Auchus
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA.
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Spanos WC, Nowicki P, Lee DW, Hoover A, Hostager B, Gupta A, Anderson ME, Lee JH. Immune response during therapy with cisplatin or radiation for human papillomavirus-related head and neck cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 135:1137-46. [PMID: 19917928 DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2009.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most identifiable cause of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Compared with HPV-negative HNSCC, HPV-positive HNSCC presents at an advanced stage but with significantly better survival. We created a syngeneic mouse model of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC by transforming mouse primary tonsil epithelial cells with either HPV oncogenes or a nonantigenic RNA interference strategy that affects similar oncogenic pathways. OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of radiation therapy on HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors in immune-competent and immune-incompetent mice and to examine responses in human cancer cell lines. DESIGN Prospective in vivo murine model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Survival and tumor growth. RESULTS For human and murine transformed cell lines, HPV-positive cells were more resistant to radiation and cisplatin therapy compared with HPV-negative cells. In vivo, HPV-positive tumors were more sensitive to radiation, with complete clearance at 20 Gy, compared with their HPV-negative counterparts, which showed persistent growth. Cisplatin in vivo cleared HPV-positive tumors but not HPV-negative tumors. However, neither radiation or cisplatin therapy cured immune-incompetent mice. Adoptive transfer of wild-type immune cells into immune-incompetent mice restored HPV-positive tumor clearance with cisplatin therapy. CONCLUSIONS The HPV-positive tumors are not more curable based on increased epithelial sensitivity to cisplatin or radiation therapy. Instead, radiation and cisplatin induce an immune response to this antigenic cancer. The implications of these results may lead to novel therapies that enhance tumor eradication for HPV-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Spanos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
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