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Chen J, Loukola A, Gillespie NA, Peterson R, Jia P, Riley B, Maes H, Dick DM, Kendler KS, Damaj MI, Miles MF, Zhao Z, Li MD, Vink JM, Minica CC, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, Qaiser B, Madden PAF, Korhonen T, Jousilahti P, Hällfors J, Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Sherva R, Farrer L, Maher B, Vanyukov M, Taylor M, Ware JJ, Munafò MR, Lutz SM, Hokanson JE, Gu F, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Hancock DB, Gaddis NC, Baker TB, Bierut LJ, Johnson EO, Chenoweth M, Lerman C, Tyndale R, Kaprio J, Chen X. Genome-Wide Meta-Analyses of FTND and TTFC Phenotypes. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:900-909. [PMID: 31294817 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION FTND (Fagerstrӧm test for nicotine dependence) and TTFC (time to smoke first cigarette in the morning) are common measures of nicotine dependence (ND). However, genome-wide meta-analysis for these phenotypes has not been reported. METHODS Genome-wide meta-analyses for FTND (N = 19,431) and TTFC (N = 18,567) phenotypes were conducted for adult smokers of European ancestry from 14 independent cohorts. RESULTS We found that SORBS2 on 4q35 (p = 4.05 × 10-8), BG182718 on 11q22 (p = 1.02 × 10-8), and AA333164 on 14q21 (p = 4.11 × 10-9) were associated with TTFC phenotype. We attempted replication of leading candidates with independent samples (FTND, N = 7010 and TTFC, N = 10 061), however, due to limited power of the replication samples, the replication of these new loci did not reach significance. In gene-based analyses, COPB2 was found associated with FTND phenotype, and TFCP2L1, RELN, and INO80C were associated with TTFC phenotype. In pathway and network analyses, we found that the interconnected interactions among the endocytosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, axon guidance, MAPK signaling, and chemokine signaling pathways were involved in ND. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses identified several promising candidates for both FTND and TTFC phenotypes, and further verification of these candidates was necessary. Candidates supported by both FTND and TTFC (CHRNA4, THSD7B, RBFOX1, and ZNF804A) were associated with addiction to alcohol, cocaine, and heroin, and were associated with autism and schizophrenia. We also identified novel pathways involved in cigarette smoking. The pathway interactions highlighted the importance of receptor recycling and internalization in ND. IMPLICATIONS Understanding the genetic architecture of cigarette smoking and ND is critical to develop effective prevention and treatment. Our study identified novel candidates and biological pathways involved in FTND and TTFC phenotypes, and this will facilitate further investigation of these candidates and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Chen
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Anu Loukola
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathan A Gillespie
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Roseann Peterson
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Peilin Jia
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Brien Riley
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Hermine Maes
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Daniella M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Michael F Miles
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jacqueline M Vink
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, the Netherlands.,Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Camelia C Minica
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, the Netherlands.,Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, the Netherlands.,Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, the Netherlands.,Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beenish Qaiser
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tellervo Korhonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | | | - Jenni Hällfors
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Richard Sherva
- Section of Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lindsay Farrer
- Section of Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Brion Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Vanyukov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Michelle Taylor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS, UK
| | - Jenifer J Ware
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS, UK
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS, UK
| | - Sharon M Lutz
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Fangyi Gu
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maria T Landi
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Nathan C Gaddis
- Research Computing Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Timothy B Baker
- Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.,Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Meghan Chenoweth
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Caryn Lerman
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Nicotine Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rachel Tyndale
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV.,Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.,Department of Psychology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV
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