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Hara K, Umeda M, Segawa K, Akagi M, Endo Y, Koga T, Kawashiri SY, Ichinose K, Nakamura H, Maeda T, Kawakami A. Atypical Cogan's Syndrome Mimicking Giant Cell Arteritis Successfully Treated with Early Administration of Tocilizumab. Intern Med 2022; 61:1265-1270. [PMID: 34615818 PMCID: PMC9107983 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7674-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A 49-year-old Japanese man with a 2-month history of a fever, headache, and bilateral conjunctival hyperemia was admitted. His condition fulfilled the giant cell arteritis classification criteria (new headache, temporal artery tenderness, elevated ESR) and atypical Cogan's syndrome (CS) with scleritis and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The interleukin (IL)-6 serum level was extremely high. Two weeks after his insufficient response of SNHL and scleritis to oral prednisolone, we administered tocilizumab (TCZ); rapid improvements in scleritis and SNHL occurred. Early IL-6 target therapy can help prevent irreversible CS-induced sensory organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazusato Hara
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Medical Education Development Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Keiko Segawa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Midori Akagi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yushiro Endo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Abstract
A 41-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was admitted to our hospital due to a fever at 35 weeks of pregnancy. Laboratory testing revealed a low platelet count and elevated liver enzymes. Emergency Caesarean section was performed due to the risk of SLE exacerbation or hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzyme, and low platelet count syndrome. Based on the blood culture results, the patient was diagnosed with Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia. She was treated with ampicillin and eventually recovered, and the neonate did not have any complications. Pregnant women with SLE are at risk of complications. Listeriosis should be monitored for and, if found, managed appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Morimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Keita Fujikawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Shotaro Ide
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Midori Akagi
- Department of Rheumatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Emiko Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Akinari Mizokami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan
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Nakagawa J, Fujikawa K, Akagi M, Nakaji K, Yasui J, Hanatani Y, Hara T, Mizokami A, Kawakami A. Subacute thyroiditis in a patient with psoriatic arthritis switched from secukinumab to adalimumab: a case report and literature review. Mod Rheumatol Case Rep 2020; 5:36-39. [PMID: 32731788 DOI: 10.1080/24725625.2020.1741116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A 71-year-old Japanese female with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was admitted for fever and neck pain. Her medication had been switched from secukinumab, an interleukin (IL)-17A inhibitor, to adalimumab, a tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor, due to secondary failure for PsA. She was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis (SAT) on the basis of thyroid hormone levels and thyroid ultrasound findings. Her SAT symptoms improved with prednisolone administration (15 mg/day). Following the administration of ixekizumab, an IL-17A inhibitor, her PsA improved without SAT relapse. SAT mechanism associated with TNF inhibitors remains unknown, but cytokine imbalance may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Keita Fujikawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Midori Akagi
- Department of Rheumatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Keita Nakaji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Junichi Yasui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Yumi Hanatani
- Department of Dermatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Toshihide Hara
- Department of Dermatology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Akinari Mizokami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Isahaya General Hospital, Isahaya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Akagi M, Iwanaga N, Torisu Y, Fujita H, Kawahara C, Horai Y, Izumi Y, Kawakami A. IgA Vasculitis Triggered by Infective Endocarditis of Pulmonary Artery with Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries. Int Heart J 2020; 61:404-408. [PMID: 32173704 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A man in his 40s with a history of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) and closure of ventricular septal defect was referred to our hospital with purpura and hematuria. Presence of purpura, renal damage, and pathological findings on skin biopsy led to the diagnosis of IgA vasculitis (IgAV). Oral prednisolone (PSL) was initiated. However, Streptococcus pseudoporcinus was isolated from blood cultures, and transthoracic echocardiogram revealed vegetation on the pulmonary valve. From these findings, the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) was made. Although the patient's condition improved after PSL interruption and antibiotic administration, his purpura relapsed. PSL readministration improved symptoms, with no further relapse even after gradual PSL dose reduction. The present case raises awareness of the importance of recognizing the occurrence of IE in IgAV patients, especially in those with congenital heart disease. CCTGA should be acknowledged as a risk factor for IE in the right-sided heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Akagi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center.,Department of Rheumatology, JCHO Isahaya General Hospital
| | - Nozomi Iwanaga
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Yuichi Torisu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Hisayuki Fujita
- Physiological Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Chieko Kawahara
- Department of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Yoshiro Horai
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center.,Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Yasumori Izumi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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Akagi M, Umeda M, Hashisako M, Hara K, Tsuji S, Endo Y, Takatani A, Shimizu T, Fukui S, Koga T, Kawashiri SY, Iwamoto N, Igawa T, Ichinose K, Tamai M, Nakamura H, Origuchi T, Niino D, Kawakami A. Drop Head Syndrome as a Rare Complication in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease. Intern Med 2020; 59:729-732. [PMID: 31735790 PMCID: PMC7086316 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3626-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 54-year-old woman developed drop head syndrome (DHS), Raynaud's phenomenon and creatine kinase (CK) elevation. She did not meet the international classification criteria of dermatomyositis/polymyositis, as we observed no muscle weakness, grasping pain or electromyography abnormality in her limbs, and anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (ARS) antibody was negative. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging and a muscle biopsy of the trapezius muscle revealed myositis findings as the only clinical observations in muscle. These findings, along with her anti-U1-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody positivity and leukopenia, resulted in a diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Prednisolone treatment significantly improved her myositis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of DHS as the only muscle complication of MCTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Akagi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Masataka Umeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
- Medical Education Development Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | - Mikiko Hashisako
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Kazusato Hara
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Sousuke Tsuji
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yushiro Endo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Ayuko Takatani
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Shoichi Fukui
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Takashi Igawa
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Tomoki Origuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Daisuke Niino
- Nagasaki Educational and Diagnostic Center of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Hashimoto K, Mori S, Oda Y, Nakano A, Sawamura T, Akagi M. Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1-deficient mice show resistance to instability-induced osteoarthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2016; 45:412-22. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2015.1135979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Mori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Oda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Nakano
- Department of Bioscience, National Cardiovascular Centre Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sawamura
- Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Tsukamoto I, Akagi M, Inoue S, Yamagishi K, Mori S, Asada S. Expressions of local renin-angiotensin system components in chondrocytes. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2387. [PMID: 24998927 PMCID: PMC4083327 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2013, we reported that local reninangiotensin system (local RAS) components express during the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes and can modulate it, using ATDC5 cell line that involves differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to calcified hypertrophic chondrocytes. However, the expressions of local RAS components in normal chondrocytes have not been revealed yet. The purpose of this study is to examine the expression of the local RAS components in chondrocytes in vivo and the conditions allowing the expression. We stained five major regions of 8-week-old C57BL/6 adult mice in which chondrocytes exist, including epiphyseal plates and hyaline cartilages, with antibodies to local RAS components. We also examined the expression of local RAS components in the cultured bovine’s articular cartilage chondrocytes using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. In result, hypertrophic chondrocytes of epiphyseal plates included in the tibia and the lamina terminals expressed local RAS components. However, hyaline chondrocytes, including the knee articular cartilages, the parenchyma of nasal septums and of the tracheal walls, did not express local RAS components. Cultured bovine’s articular cartilage chondrocytes also did not express local RAS components. However, inducing hypertrophy by administering interleukin-1β or tumor necrosis factor-α, the cultured articular chondrocytes also expressed angiotensin II type 1 receptor and angiotensin II type 2 receptor. In conclusion, local RAS components express particularly in chondrocytes which occur hypertrophy and do not in hyaline chondrocytes. The results are in accord with our previous in vitro study. We think this novel knowledge is important to investigate cartilage hypertrophy and diseases induced by hypertrophic changes like osteoarthritis.
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Mori I, Fujita Y, Toyoda M, Kato K, Yoshida N, Akagi M. Fluorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide by use of the fluorescence reaction between N-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(4-methylquinolinyl)amine and cobalt(II) in the presence of trimethylstearylammonium chloride. Talanta 2012; 38:683-6. [PMID: 18965206 DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(91)80157-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/1990] [Revised: 01/16/1991] [Accepted: 01/23/1991] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fluorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide by using the fluorescence reaction between N-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(4-methylquinolinyl)amine (HPMQ), cobalt(II) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of trimethylstearylammonium chloride (STAC) as a cationic surfactant was proposed. The calibration graph was linear in the range 0-2500 ng of hydrogen peroxide per 10 ml of solution at an emission wavelength of 522 nm with excitation at 410 nm. The recovery tests in foods were good.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mori
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsubara-shi, Osaka 580, Japan
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Kishimoto H, Akagi M, Zushi S, Teramura T, Onodera Y, Sawamura T, Hamanishi C. Induction of hypertrophic chondrocyte-like phenotypes by oxidized LDL in cultured bovine articular chondrocytes through increase in oxidative stress. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:1284-90. [PMID: 20633688 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been reported that the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) receptor 1 (LOX-1) is expressed by chondrocytes in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage and that Ox-LDL binding to LOX-1 increases intracellular oxidative stress in cultured bovine articular chondrocytes (BACs). It was recently demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes in the growth plate. It has also been shown that activated chondrocytes in OA have hypertrophic chondrocyte-like phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ox-LDL induces hypertrophic chondrocyte-like phenotypes in BACs. DESIGN Changes in type X collagen (COL10) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) mRNA expression in BACs after Ox-LDL stimulation were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Western blotting and immunofluorescent cell staining were used to investigate changes in protein level. The antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was used to ascertain whether oxidative stress is involved in COL10 and Runx2 expression. We induced LOX-1 knockdown cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to examine the receptor specificity of Ox-LDL. RESULTS COL10 expression was upregulated by Ox-LDL in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Immunofluorescent staining showed that Ox-LDL increased COL10 production in the extracellular matrix. Ox-LDL-induced upregulation of COL10 was suppressed by pretreatment with NAC and siRNA. Expression of Runx2 was upregulated by Ox-LDL and H(2)O(2), and these effects were suppressed by NAC pretreatment. CONCLUSION Ox-LDL binding to LOX-1 induces a hypertrophic chondrocyte-like phenotype through oxidative stress, indicating that Ox-LDL plays a role in the degeneration of cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kishimoto
- Department of Orthpaedic Surgery, Kinki University, Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
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Ohmori H, Yamamoto I, Akagi M, Tasaka K. Properties of hydrogen peroxide-induced histamine release from rat mast cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 29:741-5. [PMID: 20227950 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(80)90550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/1979] [Accepted: 09/27/1979] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Incubation of rat peritoneal mast cells with hydrogen peroxide results in a marked release of histamine. Maximal release is observed with 0.05-0.1 mM H(2)O(2), but higher concentrations of H(2)O(2) instead suppresses the release. Histamine release starts after about 2 min of lag time and reaches a plateau in about 10 min. Hydrogen peroxide-induced release does not exceed 50-60 per cent of total histamine if the incubations are prolonged or additional H(2)O(2) is given at 10 min. This would be explained by the fact that H(2)O(2) causes impairment of the histamine releasing system of mast cells simultaneously with the release of histamine. Hydrogen peroxide-induced release is not due to nonspecific lysis of the cells because lactate dehydrogenase, a cytoplasmic enzyme, is not liberated during the reaction. The reaction requires the presence of Ca(2+), is enhanced by D(2)O and suppressed by colchicine. It is not, however, affected by dibutyryl cAMP or dibutyryl cGMP. No significant alteration of intracellular levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP is observed during the incubation of mast cells with 0.1 mM H(2)O(2). These results indicate that microtubular functions would be involved in the releasing reaction although they are not under the control of cyclic nucleotides. Microscopic observation shows that H(2)O(2)-induced release is accompanied by degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohmori
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1, Okayama 700, Japan
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Akagi M, Ueda A, Teramura T, Kanata S, Sawamura T, Hamanishi C. Oxidized LDL binding to LOX-1 enhances MCP-1 expression in cultured human articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:271-5. [PMID: 18691911 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) has some roles in progression of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether ox-LDL binding to lectin-like ox-LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) enhances monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) expression in cultured human articular chondrocytes (HACs). METHOD The time course and dose response of MCP-1 mRNA expression and MCP-1 protein release into medium following ox-LDL stimulation were investigated using quantitative Real time PCR (delta-delta Ct method) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. To examine the receptor specificity of ox-LDL action, HACs were preincubated with anti-human LOX-1 monoclonal antibody (TS92). RESULTS A time-course study revealed that MCP-1 mRNA expression increased 5.09+/-0.86 fold 12h after ox-LDL stimulation compared to time-0. ox-LDL stimulation increased MCP-1 protein level in conditioned medium in a time-dependent manner. Increased MCP-1 level was evident 6h after stimulation, reaching 830+/-91 pg/ml at 24h (33+/-8 pg/ml at time-0). Dose responses of MCP-1 expression were also evident in mRNA and protein levels. Pretreatment with TS92 markedly suppressed these stimulating effects of ox-LDL, although that with non-specific IgG did not. Native LDL did not affect MCP-1 expression. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ox-LDL enhances MCP-1 expression in HACs and supports the hypothesis that ox-LDL is involved in cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka, Japan.
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Yoshii S, Ito S, Shima M, Taniguchi A, Akagi M. Functional restoration of rabbit spinal cord using collagen-filament scaffold. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2009; 3:19-25. [DOI: 10.1002/term.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Miyoshi Y, Akagi M, Agarwal AK, Namba N, Kato-Nishimura K, Mohri I, Yamagata M, Nakajima S, Mushiake S, Shima M, Auchus RJ, Taniike M, Garg A, Ozono K. Severe mandibuloacral dysplasia caused by novel compound heterozygous ZMPSTE24 mutations in two Japanese siblings. Clin Genet 2008; 73:535-44. [PMID: 18435794 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.00992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD) is a rare autosomal recessive progeroid syndrome, characterized by mandibular hypoplasia, acroosteolysis affecting distal phalanges and clavicles, delayed closure of the cranial sutures, atrophic skin, and lipodystrophy. Recently, mutations in lamin A/C (LMNA) and zinc metalloprotease (ZMPSTE24), involved in post-translational processing of prelamin A to mature lamin A, have been identified in MAD kindreds. We now report novel compound heterozygous mutations in exon 1 (c.121C>T; p.Q41X) and exon 6 (c.743C>T; p.P248L) in ZMPSTE24 in two Japanese sisters, 7- and 3-year old, with severe MAD and characteristic facies and atrophic skin. The older sister had lipodystrophy affecting the chest and thighs but sparing abdomen. Their parents and a brother, who were healthy, had heterozygous mutations. The missense mutation, P248L, was not found in 100 normal subjects of Japanese origin. The mutant Q41X was inactive in a yeast halo assay; however, the mutant P248L retained near normal ZMPSTE24 activity. Immunoblots demonstrated accumulation of prelamin A in the patients' cell lysates from lymphoblasts. The lymphoblasts from the patients also revealed less intense staining for lamin A/C on immunofluorescence. We conclude that ZMPSTE24 deficiency results in accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A, which may be responsible for cellular toxicity and the MAD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Miyoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Kubo Y, Fukuishi N, Yoshioka M, Kawasoe Y, Iriguchi S, Imajo N, Yasui Y, Matsui N, Akagi M. Bacterial components regulate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 on human mast cells. Inflamm Res 2007; 56:70-5. [PMID: 17431743 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-006-6064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN The aim of this study was to investigate whether the exposure of mast cells (MCs) to bacterial components affects the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, and to elucidate the behavior of MCs during the early response to infection. MATERIALS Two human MC lines, HMC-1 and LAD2, were employed. Messenger RNA expression was observed by RT and real-time PCR. TLR4 expression was determined by Western blotting. TNF-alpha secretion was analyzed with ELISA. The degranulation ratio was measured with betahexosaminidase assay. RESULTS Although bacterial components increased TLR4 mRNA, only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) augmented the TLR4 protein expression. LAD2 pre-treated with LPS for 8 h resulted in 2-fold increased TNF-alpha secretion on LPS restimulation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the exposure of MCs to LPS may reinforce the innate immune system due to up-regulation of MC TLR4, followed by increased TNF-alpha release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kubo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Nishihama Bouji 180, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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Akagi M, Kanata S, Mori S, Itabe H, Sawamura T, Hamanishi C. Possible involvement of the oxidized low-density lipoprotein/lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 system in pathogenesis and progression of human osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15:281-90. [PMID: 16945559 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/23/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using human cartilage samples and cultured chondrocytes, to assess the possible involvement of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) in pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Thirty-two cartilage samples were obtained from 16 patients with knee OA, and 12 Control samples from six with femoral neck fracture. LOX-1 mRNA expressions in 12 OA and six Control samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry for ox-LDL and LOX-1 was performed in all samples. The histological OA grade was assessed with the modified Mankin score. The relative percentage of the ox-LDL and LOX-1 immunopositive chondrocytes was calculated in all samples. The effects of ox-LDL on cell viability in cultured human chondrocytes were investigated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and on proteoglycan synthesis by monitoring [35S] sulfate incorporation. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between mean LOX-1/GAPDH (LOX-1/human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) ratio of OA samples and that of Control samples (40.6%+/-10.3 and 11.9%+/-2.8, respectively, P<0.0001). The mean percentage of ox-LDL-positive cells was 23.0+/-15.7% in OA and 4.3+/-3.7% in Control cells (P=0.0002). The mean percentage of LOX-1-positive cells was 51.7+/-29.5% in OA and 10.0+/-8.1% in Control cells (P<0.0001). Both the ox-LDL immunoreactivity and the LOX-1 immunoreactivity were significantly correlated with the modified Mankin scores (R2=0.67 and 0.48, respectively; P<0.0001 for each). ox-LDL significantly reduced the human chondrocyte viability and proteoglycan synthesis, and pretreatment with anti-human LOX-1 monoclonal antibody reversed these effects. CONCLUSION The ox-LDL/LOX-1 system may be involved in human OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
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Imajo N, Yoshioka M, Inukai A, Akagi M, Fukuishi N. Bacterial Components Enhance Mast Cell Phagocytosis through the Expression of Complement Receptor 3. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Yoshioka M, Iriguchi S, Imajo N, Akagi M, Fukuishi N. Lipoteichoic Acid and Peptidoglycan Inhibit Fc Epsilon RI Expression by Mast Cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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McCarty MF, Takeda A, Stoeltzing O, Liu W, Fan F, Reinmuth N, Akagi M, Bucana C, Mansfield PF, Ryan A, Ellis LM. ZD6126 inhibits orthotopic growth and peritoneal carcinomatosis in a mouse model of human gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:705-11. [PMID: 14760388 PMCID: PMC2410155 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ZD6126, a novel vascular-targeting agent, on tumour growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic model of gastric cancer. TMK-1 human gastric adenocarcinoma cells were injected into the gastric wall of nude mice. After the tumours were established (day 14), therapy was initiated. Mice (n=11-12/group) received (a). vehicle, (b). ZD6126 at 100 mg x kg day(-1) i.p. one time per week or (c) ZD6126 at 100 mg x kg day(-1) i.p. five times per week. Tumour mass, volume and the presence or absence of peritoneal carcinomatosis were determined at sacrifice on day 38. Tumours from each group were stained for markers of blood vessels, proliferation and apoptosis. To further define the time frame of the vascular-targeting effects of chronic therapy with ZD6126, TMK-1 cells were again injected into the gastric wall of mice in a second experiment. On day 14, a single i.p. injection of ZD6126 100 mg x kg(-1) mouse(-1) or vehicle was delivered. Groups of three mice each were killed and the tumours harvested at days 1, 3 and 5 post-ZD6126 injection. Tumours were processed and stained for endothelial and tumour cell apoptosis and proliferation. No overt toxicity was observed with ZD6126 therapy. ZD6126 led to a marked inhibition of tumour growth (82% decrease vs control (P<0.001)). ZD6126 also led to a significant decrease in the incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis (10 out of 12 controls, vs one out of 12 ZD6126) (P<0.01). Histological analysis of tumours revealed large regions of central necrosis in the treated group, as well as a dramatic increase in tumour cell apoptosis (7.4-fold increase (P<0.001)), consistent with the vascular-targeting activity of ZD6126. Mice treated with ZD6126 demonstrated a 59% decrease in PCNA-positive cells (P< 0.02), indicating reduced tumour cell proliferation. In addition, tumours treated with ZD6126 exhibited a 40% decrease in microvessel density (P<0.05). Results from mice treated with a single injection of ZD6126 demonstrated the acute effects this agent has on the tumour vasculature. The ratio of endothelial cell apoptosis to endothelial cell proliferation was increased within 24 h of a single injection. In conclusion, ZD6126 significantly inhibited tumour growth and metastasis in an orthotopic model of human gastric adenocarcinoma, without detectable problematic adverse effects. These data suggest that ZD6126 may be worthy of investigation in the treatment of primary gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F McCarty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - A Takeda
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - O Stoeltzing
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - W Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - F Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - N Reinmuth
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - M Akagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - C Bucana
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - P F Mansfield
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - A Ryan
- Cancer and Infection Bioscience Department, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - L M Ellis
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 444, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA. E-mail:
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Urata H, Aono C, Ohmoto N, Shimamoto Y, Kobayashi Y, Akagi M. Non-enzymatic oligomerization of racemic adenosine 5'-phosphorimidazolide on Na(+)-montmorillonite. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2003:225-6. [PMID: 12903350 DOI: 10.1093/nass/44.1.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated non-enzymatic oligomerization of an activated racemic mononucleotide in the presence of Na(+)-montmorillonite. Oligomers up to the decamer in length were formed by oligomerization reactions of activated D- and L-mononucleotides. Similarly, oligomerization of an activated racemic mononucleotide results in the formation of oligomers up to the octamer. These results suggest that montmorillonite catalysis is quite efficient for the oligomerization of racemic monomers, though it is somewhat less efficient than that of D- and L-monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Urata
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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21
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Urata H, Shimizu H, Hiroaki H, Kohda D, Akagi M. Characterization of DNA, RNA and DNA/RNA duplexes containing an L-nucleotide. Nucleic Acids Res Suppl 2003:243-4. [PMID: 12836355 DOI: 10.1093/nass/1.1.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the duplex structure of DNA and RNA containing an L-nucleotide residue, we carried out the UV-melting and CD experiments. Although the introduction of an L-nucleotide into DNA/DNA, DNA/RNA and RNA/RNA duplexes reduced their Tm values, the typical two-state transitions were observed for all of the duplexes. The incorporation of an L-nucleotide into the RNA strand caused more remarkable decreases of the Tm value than that into the DNA strand. The CD spectra of the DNA/DNA and RNA/RNA duplexes containing an L-nucleotide are similar to those of unmodified duplexes. On the other hand, the spectra of the heterochiral DNA/RNA hybrid duplexes are significantly different from those of the homochiral DNA/RNA hybrid duplexes, which are generally thought to adopt the A-form.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Urata
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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22
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Akagi M, Kawaguchi M, Liu W, McCarty MF, Takeda A, Fan F, Stoeltzing O, Parikh AA, Jung YD, Bucana CD, Mansfield PF, Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM. Induction of neuropilin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor by epidermal growth factor in human gastric cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:796-802. [PMID: 12618892 PMCID: PMC2376351 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) pathway plays a pivotal role in the progression of human gastric cancer. The angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to be induced by EGF in various cancer cell lines. Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) acts as a coreceptor for VEGF-165 and increases its affinity for VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in endothelial cells. Furthermore, NRP-1 has been found to be expressed by tumour cells and has been shown to enhance tumour angiogenesis and growth in preclinical models. We examined the expression of NRP-1 mRNA and EGF-R protein in seven human gastric cancer cell lines. NRP-1 expression was expressed in five of seven cell lines, and EGF-R expression closely mirrored NRP-1 expression. Moreover, in EGF-R-positive NCI-N87 and ST-2 cells, EGF induced both NRP-1 and VEGF mRNA expression. C225, a monoclonal antibody to EGF-R, blocked EGF-induced NRP-1 and VEGF expression in NCI-N87 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment of NCI-N87 cells with EGF resulted in increases in phosphorylation of Erk1/2, Akt, and P38. Blockade of the Erk, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, or P38 pathways in this cell line prevented EGF induction of NRP-1 and VEGF. These results suggest that regulation of NRP-1 expression in human gastric cancer is intimately associated with the EGF/EGF-R system. Activation of EGF-R might contribute to gastric cancer angiogenesis by a mechanism that involves upregulation of VEGF and NRP-1 expression via multiple signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M Kawaguchi
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - W Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M F McCarty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - A Takeda
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - F Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - O Stoeltzing
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - A A Parikh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Y D Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - C D Bucana
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - P F Mansfield
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - D J Hicklin
- ImClone Systems, Inc., 180 Varick Street, New York, NY 10014, USA
| | - L M Ellis
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Box 444, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail:
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23
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Akagi M, Kaneda E, Nakamura T, Ueno M, Yamanashi W, Miyajima H. Functional analysis of the effect of the posterior stabilising cam in two total knee replacements. A comparison of the Insall/Burstein and Bisurface prostheses. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84:561-5. [PMID: 12043779 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b4.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Bisurface knee prosthesis (BP) has a posterior stabilising cam (ball-and-socket joint) in the mid-posterior region of the femorotibial joint in an attempt to improve the range of movement. Based on an in vitro weight-bearing study contact areas of the Insall/Burstein 2 (IB2) and the BP knee were compared using pressure-sensitive films. The stability afforded by the cam was evaluated by means of dislocation distances in the vertical and horizontal planes. Significant adverse anterior translation in mid-flexion was not observed with the BP knee since the cam was effective above 60 degrees of flexion. At flexion of 60 degrees or more, the total contact areas were larger, as the cam represented a weight-bearing surface. The dislocation distances for the BP knee compared favourably with those for the IB2 knee. We conclude that the cam of the BP knee allows good movement, stability and wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan
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24
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Jung YD, Mansfield PF, Akagi M, Takeda A, Liu W, Bucana CD, Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM. Effects of combination anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapies on the growth of gastric cancer in a nude mouse model. Eur J Cancer 2002; 38:1133-40. [PMID: 12008203 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(02)00013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesised that the combination of anti-angiogenic and anti-epidermal growth factor (EFG)-receptor (R) therapies would more effectively inhibit gastric cancer growth than single-agent therapy. TMK-1 gastric cancer cells were injected into the gastric wall of nude mice to generate tumours. After 4 days, mice were randomly assigned to the following groups: control, DC101 ([vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-receptor (R)-2 antibody], C225 (EGF-R antibody), or a combination of DC101 and C225. The combination therapy significantly inhibited gastric tumour growth compared with the control group, whereas the decrease in tumour growth in mice treated with DC101 or C225 alone did not reach statistical significance. All mice administered DC101 demonstrated decreased tumour vascularity and increased endothelial cell apoptosis. C225 alone did not affect angiogenesis, but inhibited tumour cell proliferation. The combination therapy led to a further decrease in tumour cell proliferation. The combination of anti-VEGF-R and anti-EGF-R therapies was effective in inhibiting gastric cancer growth. These findings support the hypothesis that inhibiting multiple biological pathways that mediate tumour growth may be an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Jung
- Deparment of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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25
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Akagi M, Matsui N, Mochizuki S, Tasaka K. Inhibitory effect of egualen sodium: a new stable derivative of azulene on histamine release from mast cell-like cells in the stomach. Pharmacology 2002; 63:203-9. [PMID: 11729358 DOI: 10.1159/000056135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We studied the inhibitory effect of egualen sodium (ES) (sodium 3-ethyl-7-isopropyl-1-azulenesulfonate 1/3 hydrate, KT1-32), a new derivative and more stable compound than azulene, on histamine release from the mucosal histaminocytes and elucidated the mechanism for this action. ES prevented the histamine release from isolated mast cell-like cells of the guinea pig stomach induced by A23187 in a dose-dependent fashion. ES dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from lung pieces of sensitized guinea pigs induced by an antigen-antibody reaction. ES also inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 or antigen-antibody reaction. ES exhibited the membrane stabilizing activity on DPPC liposomes. These findings suggest that ES may prevent histamine release from histaminocytes induced by various stimuli and the stabilizing action of the cell membrane may be responsible for the inhibition of histamine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
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Abstract
The antiallergic effects of ardisiaquinone A, a potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, were examined. Pretreatment with ardisiaquinone A (0.1-10 microM) significantly inhibited compound 48/80-induced production of cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cys-LTs; LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) in rat peritoneal mast cells, but not histamine release. The IC50 value was 5.56 microM. Pre-administration with ardisiaquinone A (0.1-1 mg/kg, s.c.) dose-dependently inhibited rat homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and the maximal inhibitory ratio was 22.3 +/- 3.9% at the dose of 1 mg/kg. Ardisiaquinone A (1-5 mg/kg, s.c.) dose-dependently prevented the allergen-induced increase of tracheal pressure in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs, especially during the late phase. In conclusion, the findings of this study show that 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ardisiaquinone A partially attenuates the allergen-induced increases of vascular permeability and tracheal pressure via the inhibition of cys-LTs production in mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
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Abstract
In order to clarify the relationship between perceptual diagnosis of lateral misarticulation (LM) by sophisticated listeners and the physical correlates of LM, three experiments using sustained speech /integral/ were conducted. Experiment 1 was designed to compare the spectral envelopes of normal speech (NS) /integral/ with those of LM /integral/. Experiment 2 was designed to collect the auditory impressions of sophisticated listeners listening to LM and NS /integral/ with specific spectral envelope bands replaced by LM. These two experiments showed that: (1) the spectral envelopes of LM are flat or decrease along the frequency axis in the frequency band above approximately 4 kHz, and there is a substantial peak at around 3.2 kHz in LM, which varies peculiarly with time; (2) the replacement of the spectral envelope between 2.5 and 4.5 kHz of NS with that of LM resulted in a remarkable increase in auditory impressions of LM. The facts suggest that the spectral envelope characteristic of LM has a peculiar variation at around 3.2 kHz. Additionally, experiment 3 estimated the spectrum of sustained speech /integral/ using vocal tract area functions. The results suggest that typical peaks of LM are related to the length and position of the vocal tract constriction region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- School of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Akagi M, Inui K. [Fucosidosis]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2001:731-2. [PMID: 11462659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kashiwara Municipal Hospital
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that in the granules of rat mast cells there is some kind of superoxide dismutase (SOD), but details of this SOD in mast cells remain unclear. In the present study, we studied the mode of existence of SOD in mast cells and its releasing mechanism from the granules. In addition, we discussed the physiological role of SOD in allergic events. METHODS Purified rat mast cells were disrupted with a sonic disrupter and granules (sample I) were separated from supernatant (sample II) by centrifugation. The granules were treated with 1 mM Ca(2+), and the supernatant (sample III) was separated from the pellet (sample IV). Sample III was applied to a heparin column and the eluate was used as sample V. SOD activity was measured in these samples. RESULTS SOD existed in mast cell granules as a heparin-binding and an inactive form. However, when granules were released and exposed to high Ca(2+) concentration, SOD was discharged from heparin and shifted to the active form. The expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha mRNA was enhanced when hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) or sample III with the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system were added to the culture media. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that in stimulated rat mast cells, the released SOD may transform the generated superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), and the generated H(2)O(2) may enhance the expression of chemokine mRNA in the mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
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Abstract
A biplanar image-matching technique was developed and applied to a study of normal knee kinematics in vivo under weightbearing conditions. Three-dimensional knee models of six volunteers were constructed using computed tomography. Projection images of the models were fitted onto anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the knees at hyperextension and every 15 degrees from 0 degrees to 120 degrees flexion. Knee motion was reconstructed on the computer. The femur showed a medial pivoting motion relative to the tibia during knee flexion, and the average range of external rotation associated with flexion was 29.1 degrees . The center of the medial femoral condyle translated 3.8 mm anteriorly, whereas the center of the lateral femoral condyle translated 17.8 mm posteriorly. This rotational motion, with a medially offset center, could be interpreted as a screw home motion of the knee around the tibial knee axis and a posterior femoral rollback in the sagittal plane. However, the motion of the contact point differed from that of the center of the femoral condyle when the knee flexion angle was less than 30 degrees. Within this range, medial and lateral contact points translated posteriorly, and a posterior femoral rollback occurred. This biplanar image-matching technique is useful for investigating knee kinematics in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Asano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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31
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Inui K, Akagi M, Ono J, Tsukamoto H, Shimono K, Mano T, Imai K, Yamada M, Muramatsu T, Sakai N, Okada S. Mutational analysis of MECP2 in Japanese patients with atypical Rett syndrome. Brain Dev 2001; 23:212-5. [PMID: 11376998 DOI: 10.1016/s0387-7604(01)00197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in females. Recently, this disease was found to be linked with mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene (MECP2) and various mutations have been reported. To explore the spectrum of phenotypes resulting from MECP2 mutations, we searched for mutations in the MECP2 of 20 Japanese patients who had more than five of the criteria necessary for RTT diagnosis proposed in 1988 (The Rett Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria Work Group, Ann Neurol 23 (1988) 425) and compared the phenotype between patients with and without mutation by giving a score to each diagnostic criterion. We found four missense mutations (T158M, R133C, Y120D, and R306C), two nonsense mutations (R168X and R270X), one frameshift (726delAAAG) mutation, and one polymorphism (A201V) in ten patients (50%). This included two novel mutations (726delAAAG and Y120D). All mutations were found in the highly conserved methyl-binding and transcription repression domains. Comparison of the mean total diagnostic criterion score of the groups with and without mutation did not reveal any statistically significantly difference (P=0.28). The only difference between the groups, which was of borderline significance (P=0.051), was the sum of the scores for diagnostic criteria 2 (apparently normal psychomotor development through the first 6 months) and 5 (loss of acquired purposeful hand skills between the ages of 6 and 30 months). From these results, it is suggested that the clinical phenotype of RTT is variable and it is important to investigate the MECP2 genotype for patients having more than five criteria and not only in those who exhibit all RTT diagnostic criteria. The diagnosis of RTT is clinically difficult before 3 years of age, especially in atypical cases, but molecular analysis of the MECP2 will assist diagnosis in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Inui
- Department of Developmental Medicine (Pediatrics), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
The two transepicondylar axes (the clinical and surgical epicondylar axes), the posterior condylar axis, and the anteroposterior axis were constructed using computed tomography scans in 111 (66 patients) knees with symptomatic arthritis. The relationships between angles made by these reference axes and two angles indicating frontal knee alignment (the tibiofemoral valgus angle and the femoral valgus angle) were investigated. In Y of the knees, the surgical epicondylar axis could not be constructed because the sulcus of the medial epicondyle was not recognizable. The condylar twist angle was almost constant and averaged 6 degrees when the femoral valgus angle was 9 degrees or less, but increased gradually when the angle was greater than 9 degrees. The difference between the condylar twist angle and the posterior condylar angle was constantly 3 degrees. The anteroposterior axis was almost at right angles to the clinical epicondylar axis, and the relationship between these axes was constant, independent of the femoral valgus angle. With 3 degrees to 6 degrees external rotation relative to the posterior condylar axis, the femoral component could be set parallel to the transepicondylar axis in common varus or neutral knees. In cases with a larger femoral valgus angle, the anteroposterior axis would be a more reliable reference axis. Preoperative computed tomography scans are recommended for patients with knees with severe valgus deformity or severe hypertrophic osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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33
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Urata H, Miyagoshi H, Kumashiro T, Mori K, Shoji K, Akagi M. Basis for the right-handed helical sense of double-stranded DNA: formation of the right-handed helix by L-oligonucleotides fixed in low-anti glycosyl conformation. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:4845-6. [PMID: 11457299 DOI: 10.1021/ja003028j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Urata
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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34
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Kawanabe K, Clarke IC, Tamura J, Akagi M, Good VD, Williams PA, Yamamoto K. Effects of A-P translation and rotation on the wear of UHMWPE in a total knee joint simulator. J Biomed Mater Res 2001; 54:400-6. [PMID: 11189047 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4636(20010305)54:3<400::aid-jbm130>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We developed a three-channel total knee joint simulator and studied the effect of tibial anterior-posterior translation and internal/external rotation on the wear of polyethylene tibial inserts in total knee replacements (Anatomic Graduated Component knees). The wear rate was the lowest in experiment (Exp.) 1, without translation and rotation [1.74 mg/million (mg/Mc) cycles]. In Exp. 2, with +/-5 degrees tibial rotation added, the wear rate increased to 10.6 mg/Mc. In Exp. 3, with rotation and -12 mm tibial translation added, the wear rate was 15.1 mg/Mc, whereas in Exp. 4, with rotation and +12 mm tibial translation, the wear rate was 18.7 mg/Mc. Internal/external rotation and anterior-posterior translation added a 6- to 11-fold increase in the wear rates of tibial knee inserts. The shapes of the tibial wear tracks were rectangular and the area of the track increased when rotation and translation were added.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
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35
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Inui K, Yanagihara K, Otani K, Suzuki Y, Akagi M, Nakayama M, Ida H, Okada S. A new variant neuropathic type of Gaucher's disease characterized by hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deformed toes, and fibrous thickening of spleen and liver capsules. J Pediatr 2001; 138:137-9. [PMID: 11148530 DOI: 10.1067/mpd.2001.109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a new variant type of Gaucher's disease characterized by hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deformed toes, gastroesophageal reflux, and fibrous thickening of splenic and hepatic capsules. This patient had 1 D409H allele. He differed from other reported cases with a 1342G to C (D409H) homozygous mutation (onset at 4 months, no cardiac involvement until the age of 12 years, and massive hepatosplenomegaly with fibrous thickening of spleen and liver capsules). Enzyme replacement therapy was given for 4 years, resulting in an improvement of visceral and hematologic abnormalities but no neurologic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Inui
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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36
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Abstract
We describe bridging a peripheral nerve defect using collagen filaments instead of a tube. Cords of collagen filaments were grafted to bridge 20-mm defects of rat sciatic nerves. Nerve autografts were grafted as the control. The mean number and the mean fiber diameter of regenerated myelinated axons were approximately 4,800 and 3.3 microm, respectively, in the distal end of the nerve autograft and approximately 5,500 and 2.3 microm, respectively, in the distal end of the collagen-filaments nerve guide 8 weeks after surgery. The mean number and the mean fiber diameter of regenerated myelinated axons were approximately 6,900 and 3.1 microm, respectively, in the distal end of the nerve autograft and approximately 6,300 and 3.3 microm, respectively, in the distal end of the collagen-filaments nerve guide 25 weeks after surgery. Histologic studies suggested that the collagen filaments guided regenerating axons effectively. This new procedure offers a possible solution for the need to sacrifice a healthy nerve and for the shortage of graft material available for the repair of severed nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoshii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Denryoku Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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37
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Akagi M, Nakamura T, Matsusue Y, Ueo T, Nishijyo K, Ohnishi E. The Bisurface total knee replacement: a unique design for flexion. Four-to-nine-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2000; 82:1626-33. [PMID: 11097454 DOI: 10.2106/00004623-200011000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bisurface knee prosthesis was designed in 1989 to improve knee flexion without affecting the durability of the prosthesis. The prosthesis has a unique ball-and-socket joint in the midposterior portion of the femoral and tibial components, which functions as a posterior stabilizing cam mechanism and causes femoral rollback. The femoral component was made of alumina ceramic. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical results of the first 223 arthroplasties performed with this prosthesis in order to assess whether this new implant had achieved its design objectives. METHODS From December 1989 to May 1994, all patients who were scheduled for primary total knee arthroplasty were enrolled in a prospective study of the Bisurface knee. The patients were evaluated clinically according to The Hospital for Special Surgery knee-rating system and with a self-administered questionnaire, and they were evaluated radiographically according to the system of the Knee Society. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was performed with revision of the knee or recommendation for revision as the end point. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-six patients treated with a total of 223 consecutive primary total knee arthroplasties were enrolled in the study, and 182 knees were followed for 3.9 to 9.0 years (mean, 5.8 years). Preoperatively, the mean Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was 44.5 points. At the time of latest follow-up, the mean knee score was 86.3 points. The mean preoperative and postoperative ranges of flexion were 119 and 124 degrees, respectively. The patients, even those with a good preoperative range of motion, rarely lost deep flexion of the knee after the procedure. A revision operation was performed in eight knees (because of infection in five, instability in two, and breakage of the peg of the patellar component in one). Two knees had recurrent medial-lateral subluxations of the femorotibial articulation, which were treated nonoperatively. No prosthesis had loosened aseptically and no alumina ceramic femoral component had broken by the time of latest follow-up. The rate of survival of the implant was 94 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 90 to 98 percent) at six years. According to the patient questionnaires, 20 percent of the knees sometimes felt loose in daily living activities, which prompted us to improve the intrinsic stability of the prosthesis by improving the congruity of the ball-and-socket joint. CONCLUSIONS Total knee arthroplasty with the Bisurface prosthesis resulted in an excellent range of motion and a high level of satisfaction with the operation; the durability of the prosthesis is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan.
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38
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Matsui N, Satsuki I, Morita Y, Inaizumi K, Kasajima K, Kanoh R, Fukuishi N, Akagi M. Xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species activate nuclear factor kappa B during hepatic ischemia in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 2000; 84:363-6. [PMID: 11138741 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.84.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to elucidate the relationship between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an activation of nuclear factor (NF) kappa B in a hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model. During the ischemic period, the contents of xanthine oxidase (XOD) metabolites and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly increased, and NF-kappa B was activated in the liver of rats. The activation of NF-kappa B was inhibited by pretreatment of allopurinol (10-100 mg/kg, i.p.) in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, this suggests that the XOD-derived ROS may activate NF-kappa B during ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Matsui
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima city, Tokushima, Japan
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39
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Watanabe N, Awa S, Akagi M, Ando Y, Oki N, Waragai T, Hosaki A, Kawamata H, Kamisaka K. Effects of heart rate and right ventricular pressure on right coronary arterial flow and its systolic versus diastolic distribution in a variety of congenital heart diseases in children. Pediatr Int 2000; 42:476-82. [PMID: 11059534 DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-200x.2000.01271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS In order to elucidate the underlying adjusting mechanism of human right coronary arterial (RCA) flow to increased right ventricular pressure (RVP) in children, we recorded RCA flow velocity in 24 pediatric cardiac patients at the orifice of its main trunk at the time of heart catheterization using the Doppler guidewire. RESULTS The ratio of diastolic flow (DF)/total flow (TF), or the proportion of the DF time integral over a total of one cardiac cycle, had a negative correlation with heart rate (HR; r = -0.58, n = 11) in children with normal right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP; RVSP < 35 mmHg). In contrast, the DF/TF ratio had a good correlation (r = 0.88, n = 24) with RVSP in all patients under study. The ratio of diastolic area (DA)/total area (TA), defined as the ratio of an area encircled by the aortic pressure curve above and the RVP curve below for diastole, over a total of one cardiac cycle, representing the overall effect of both HR and transcoronary pressure difference, also correlated well (r = 0.89, n = 24) with DF/TF. Total volume flow of the RCA also increased (r= 0.76, n = 24) with increases in RVSP, first by an increase in flow velocity through the RCA, during both systole and diastole, then by widening of the RCA lumen at very high pressures. These changes were initially more dependent on diastole with increasing RVSP because: (i) of a more marked augmentation of flow velocity in diastole compared with systole; and then (ii) of a significant decrease in flow velocity in systole at very high pressures. CONCLUSIONS We clarify how the RCA manages to increase flow through it at different HR as a function of chronic RVP overload in pediatric cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka City, Tokyo, Japan.
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40
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Li F, Iseki E, Kato M, Adachi Y, Akagi M, Kosaka K. An autopsy case of Alzheimer's disease presenting with primary progressive aphasia: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Neuropathology 2000; 20:239-45. [PMID: 11132942 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1789.2000.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This report describes an autopsied Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) as an early symptom. The patient developed a progressive speech disturbance at the age of 70 years, and difficulty in comprehension became apparent 2 years later. Magnetic resonance imaging scan disclosed asymmetrical brain atrophy, predominantly on the left temporal lobe. At the age of 74 years, the patient's dementia rapidly progressed with parkinsonism and he died after a disease duration of 6 years. At autopsy, the brain showed a marked temporo-frontal lobe atrophy, predominantly on the left side. There was severe neuronal loss with gliosis and tissue rarefaction in the atrophied cerebral cortex and amygdala. Many neurofibrillary tangles with neuropil threads were found in the cerebral cortex. Numerous amyloid deposits were distributed throughout the cerebral cortex, accompanied by amyloid angiopathies. This patient was clinically diagnosed with temporal lobe-dominant Pick's disease, although the possibility of corticobasal degeneration was made. The neuropathological diagnosis was AD with asymmetrical brain atrophy and widespread amyloid angiopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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41
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Urata H, Miyagoshi H, Yumoto T, Mori K, Teramichi R, Akagi M. Synthesis and properties of oligonucleotides containing carbocyclic L-nucleoside analogues with a restricted glycosyl conformation. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2000:45-6. [PMID: 10780371 DOI: 10.1093/nass/42.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To construct nuclease-resistant oligonucleotides, we designed novel carbocyclic L-nucleoside analogues (1-4) whose glycosyl conformation is fixed at chi = 180 degrees by an oxygen-bridge between the base and the cyclopentane ring. We have already achieved the racemic synthesis of these analogues. In this study, we succeeded in synthesizing an optically active form of these analogues. The properties of oligonucleotides containing them will be shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Urata
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
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42
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Kanoh R, Hatano T, Ito H, Yoshida T, Akagi M. Effects of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. Phytomedicine 2000; 7:297-302. [PMID: 10969723 DOI: 10.1016/s0944-7113(00)80047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effects of tannins and related polyphenols on KO2- and compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells were examined. Pretreatment with hydrolyzable tannins (1-100 microM) significantly inhibited KO2-induced histamine release. Dimeric ellagitannins, which have hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) and valoneoyl residues and/or a valoneoyl-related acyl unit in the molecule, showed more potent inhibitory effects than monomeric hydrolyzable tannins. The most effective inhibition was exhibited by agrimoniin and euphorbin C (IC50 0.68 and 0.80 microM), which have dehydrodigalloyl and euphorbinoyl groups, respectively, as well as the HHDP group. However, procyanidins, flavonoids and related polyphenols with small molecular weights, except for epigallocatechin gallate, exhibited negligible effects. Although clinically used antiallergic drugs, azelastine, astemizole, ketotifen and epinastine have been shown to prevent KO2-induced histamine release, their potencies were all less than those of ellagitannins. An inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced histamine release was also exhibited by higher molecular weight tannins. The inhibitory effect on histamine release caused by different stimulants suggested that ellagitannins act as cell membrane stabilizers as well as radical scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanoh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Japan
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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44
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Akagi M, Inui K, Nakajima S, Shima M, Nishigaki T, Muramatsu T, Kokubu C, Tsukamoto H, Sakai N, Okada S. Mutation analysis of two Japanese patients with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome. J Hum Genet 2000; 45:60-2. [PMID: 10697967 DOI: 10.1007/s100380050013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS), or glycogen storage disease type XI, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, Fanconi nephropathy, and impaired utilization of glucose and galactose. Recently, this disease was elucidated to link mutations in the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) gene. Only three mutations in three FBS families have been reported. Therefore, it is important to elucidate mutations in the GLUT2 gene in FBS by answering the question of whether the syndrome is a single gene disease. In this report, we describe two patients in two unrelated families clinically diagnosed with FBS. No mutation in the entire protein coding region of the GLUT2 gene was detected in patient 1, which suggested that no mutation existed in the GLUT2 gene, or that some mutations had affected the expression of the GLUT2 gene. In patient 2, a novel homozygous nonsense mutation (W420X, Trp at codon 420 to stop codon) was detected. These results support the correlation between GLUT2 gene mutation and FBS syndrome. However, many patients must be analyzed to determine whether other genes are involved in FBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan
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45
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Hayakawa Y, Akagi M, Hayashi M, Shimano T, Komae H, Funaki O, Kaidoh T, Takeuchi S. Antibody response to toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cows. Vet Microbiol 2000; 72:321-7. [PMID: 10727841 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(99)00198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibody response to toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cows was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum antibody to TSST-1 was not detected in 39 (76.5%) of 51 calves, which were 1-6 months of age. In contrast, TSST-1 antibody was demonstrated in 1728 (72.6%) of 2380 lactating cows housed on 36 dairy farms. The ELISA values of antibody ranged from 0.2 to 3.0 OD and presented a distribution with the peak at 1.6 OD. The mean ELISA value differed between farms, and it increased slightly along with parturient history. Somatic cell counts of milk from 174 lactating cows was compared with TSST-1 antibody and tst1,000,000 cells per ml. The mean ELISA values in milk were lower than those of sera, but they rose as somatic cells increased. The tst gene of S. aureus detected in 76.0-86.2% of the milk samples containing somatic cells > 500,000 cells per ml, a level which indicates mastitis. The data suggests that many lactating cows may be infected by TSST-1- producing S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hayakawa
- Hokubu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kashimagun, Ishikawa, Japan
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46
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Nakagawa Y, Matsusue Y, Akagi M, Nakamura T. Osteonecrosis of the resurfaced patella following bilateral total knee arthroplasty. A case report and review of the literature. Bull Hosp Jt Dis 2000; 58:224-7. [PMID: 10711375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A 77-year-old woman with severe varus and flexion deformity of both knee joints, hypertension, and arteriosclerosis underwent bilateral total knee arthroplasty. Six weeks after the operation on the right knee and four months after the operation on the left knee, osteolysis of the patellas was seen on the radiographs. Three years after the operations, the lateral and inferior poles of both patellas were sclerotic and displaced. There was no knee pain and no extension lag throughout the follow-up period. This case suggests that the prognosis of patellar osteonecrosis after total knee arthroplasty is good if the continuity of the retinaculum and the extensor mechanism are preserved, and if instability of the knee does not occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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47
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Abstract
Fucosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from a deficiency of alpha-L-fucosidase. In this report, we describe clinical and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of a chronic infantile type patient heterozygous for a nonsense mutation and a large deletion. The disease onset occurred at 2-3 years of age. She was bound to a wheelchair at 6 years of age, and developed dystonia at the age of 13 years. Brain MRI at 13 years of age showed marked cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, high intensities in the white matter of the frontal and occipital lobes, and low intensities of the bilateral thalamus, striatum, substantia nigra, red nucleus and mamillary bodies on T2-weighted images. The low intensities of basal ganglia on T2-weighted images seems characteristic of lesions in fucosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Inui
- Department of Developmental Medicine (Pediatrics), Osaka University, Graduate School of Medical Science, Suita-city, Japan.
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48
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Abstract
Quinolones have a broad antibacterial spectrum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The compounds, however, have a few adverse effects, such as convulsion and toxicity to articular cartilage. We observed that some quinolones such as Naldixic acid, Ofloxacin, and Norfloxacin have osteoclast-inducing effects. All quinolones we tested produced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandin E2, and have potency as osteoclast inducers to cultured cells. These results suggest that some quinolones affect osteoclast induction or activation, and this may be related to the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Japan
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49
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Akagi M, Inui K, Nishigaki T, Muramatsu T, Kokubu C, Fu L, Fukushima H, Yanagihara I, Tsukamoto H, Kurahashi H, Okada S. Mutation analysis of a Japanese patient with fucosidosis. J Hum Genet 1999; 44:323-6. [PMID: 10496076 DOI: 10.1007/s100380050169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Fucosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from a deficiency of alpha-L-fucosidase. Recently, various mutations have been reported in this disease, but it is difficult to elucidate the phenotype from the genetic mutations. We report a patient with chronic infantile type fucosidosis, with a compound heterozygote of a nonsense mutation (W148X, Trp at codon 148 to stop codon) and a large deletion, including all exons. This is the first report of a large deletion demonstrated in fucosidosis. It is interesting that this patient has a relatively mild clinical course despite the absence of the mRNA. This case also indicates the difficulty in determining the phenotype from the genotype in fucosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
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50
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Abstract
Forty-four consecutive patients (65 knees) who underwent identical condylar type total knee arthroplasty were evaluated retrospectively. In 22 of the patients (32 knees), the femoral component was set parallel to the posterior condylar axis (neutrally aligned group). In the remaining 22 patients (33 knees), it was set in an external rotation position of 3 degrees to 5 degrees relative to the axis (externally aligned group). Of the total knee arthroplasties in the neutrally aligned group, 34% required lateral release, compared with only 6% in the externally aligned group; patellar tracking in the externally aligned group was significantly better than that in the neutrally aligned group. Postoperative measurements performed using computed tomography scans showed that the mean angle between the prosthetic posterior condylar axis and the transepicondylar axis was 7.9 degrees in the neutrally aligned group and 3.2 degrees in the externally aligned group. The external rotation setting of the femoral component diminished the need for lateral retinacular release and may decrease the rate of patellofemoral complications that occur after total knee arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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