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Kim C, Hwang E, Kwon J, Jang TH, Lee WC, Kim SH, Park J, Lee MT, Kim H, Hong S, Lee H. Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All-Carbon Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2301208. [PMID: 37162218 PMCID: PMC10375133 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing strategies to create three-dimensional (3D) structures with multifunctional nanomaterials are of intense interest for fabricating building blocks in many electromechanical applications. A coil spring composed of graphene provides an important step toward the realization of all-carbon devices, as it is one of the essential elements for a wide range of systems. In this connection, here an unprecedented fabrication strategy to create a new type of 3D coil spring composed of laser-induced graphene springs (LIG-S) which is spontaneously produced via the pyrolytic jetting technique, is presented. Similar to wood or metal shavings observed in traditional machining processes, a pair of LIG-S with two opposite chiralities and controllable macroscopic dimensions is produced by a single scanning of a focused continuous-wave (CW) laser on a polyimide (PI) substrate. The resulting LIG-S, plastic shavings by laser, exhibits sufficient mechanical and electrical properties to enable many applications including strain-tolerant spring electrodes, antennas, supercapacitors, gas sensors, and luminescent filaments under extreme conditions. Without using any conventional fabrication techniques or other labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive processes, this novel approach enables a high-throughput mass production of macro-, micro-, and nanoscale featured LIG-S that can be manufactured within seconds to realize many open opportunities in all-carbon electromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanwoo Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseung Hwang
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA, ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Kwon
- Intelligent Manufacturing System R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Jang
- Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Chul Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA, ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Hyeong Kim
- Department of Advanced Textile R&D, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
- HYU-KITECH Joint Department, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming-Tsang Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hyun Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjoon Hong
- Optical Nanoprocessing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA, ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Habeom Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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Cheng WH, Lee MT, Yasuda K, Song JM. Plasma-Modified PI Substrate for Highly Reliable Laser-Sintered Copper Films Using Cu 2O Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3237. [PMID: 36145025 PMCID: PMC9504519 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasma modification of polyimide (PI) substrates upon which electrical circuits are fabricated by the laser sintering of cuprous oxide nanoparticle pastes was investigated systematically in this study. Surface properties of the PI substrate were investigated by carrying out atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements. Experimental results show that surface characteristics of PI substrates, including surface energy, surface roughness, and surface binding significantly affected the mechanical reliability of the sintered copper structure. Among the plasma gases tested (air, O2, Ar-5%H2, and N2-30%H2), O2 plasma caused the roughest PI surface as well as the most C=O and C-OH surface binding resulting in an increased polar component of the surface energy. The combination of all those factors caused superior bending fatigue resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Han Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Lee
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kiyokazu Yasuda
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jenn-Ming Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Smart Sustainable New Agriculture Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 33:1113-1125. [PMID: 31480134 PMCID: PMC7322656 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product on modulation of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broilers. Methods Functional compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity were detected in wheat bran (WB) solid-state fermented by Antrodia cinnamomea for 16 days (FAC). In animal experiment, 400 d-old broiler chickens were allotted into 5 groups fed control diet, and control diet replaced with 5% WB, 10% WB, 5% FAC, and 10% FAC respectively. Growth performance, intestinal microflora, serum antioxidant enzymes and fatty acid profiles in pectoral superficial muscle were measured. Results Pretreatment with hot water extracted fermented product significantly reduced chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells death induced by lipopolysaccharide and 2,2′-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride. Birds received 5% and 10% FAC had higher weight gain than WB groups. Cecal coliform and lactic acid bacteria were diminished and increased respectively while diet replaced with FAC. For FAC supplemented groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at 35 days only, with catalase elevated at 21 and 35 day. Regarding serum lipid parameters, 10% FAC replacement significantly reduced triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein level in chickens. For fatty acid composition in pectoral superficial muscle of 35-d-old chickens, 5% and 10% FAC inclusion had birds with significantly lower saturated fatty acids as compared with 10% WB group. Birds on the 5% FAC diet had a higher degree of unsaturation, followed by 10% FAC, control, 5% WB, and 10% WB. Conclusion In conclusion, desirable intestinal microflora in chickens obtaining FAC may be attributed to the functional metabolites detected in final fermented product. Moreover, antioxidant effects observed in FAC were plausibly exerted in terms of improved antioxidant enzymes activities, increased unsaturated degree of fatty acids in chicken muscle and better weight gain in FAC inclusion groups, indicating that FAC possesses promising favorable mechanisms worthy to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - L J Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, 912, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lin LJ, Wang SY, Chang SC, Lee TT. Effects of dietary Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product supplementation on metabolism pathways of antioxidant, inflammatory, and lipid metabolism pathways-a potential crosstalk. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 33:1167-1179. [PMID: 31480133 PMCID: PMC7322654 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to fathom the underlying mechanisms of nutrition intervention and redox sensitive transcription factors regulated by Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product (FAC) dietary supplementation in broiler chickens. Methods Four hundreds d-old broilers (41±0.5 g/bird) assigned to 5 groups were examined after consuming control diet, or control diet replaced with 5% wheat bran (WB), 10% WB, 5% FAC, and 10% FAC. Liver mRNA expression of antioxidant, inflammatory and lipid metabolism pathways were analyzed. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration in each group were tested in the chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cPBMCs) of 35-d old broilers to represent the stress level of the chickens. Furthermore, these cells were stimulated with 2,2′-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the cell stress tolerance by measuring cell viability and oxidative species. Results Heme oxygenase-1, glutathione S-transferase, glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit, and superoxide dismutase, and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) that regulates the above antioxidant genes were all up-regulated significantly in FAC groups. Reactive oxygen species modulator protein 1 and NADPH oxygenase 1 were both rather down-regulated in 10% FAC group as comparison with two WB groups. Despite expressing higher level than control group, birds receiving diet containing FAC had significantly lower expression level in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and other genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3, and cyclooxygenase 2) involving in inflammatory pathways. Additionally, except for 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase that showed relatively higher in both groups, the WB, lipoprotein lipase, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid binding protein, fatty acid desaturase 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha genes were expressed at higher levels in 10% FAC group. In support of above results, promoted Nrf2 and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation in chicken liver were found in FAC containing groups. H2O2 and NO levels induced by LPS and AAPH in cPBMCs were compromised in FAC containing diet. In 35-d-old birds, PGE2 production in cPBMCs was also suppressed by the FAC diet. Conclusion FAC may promote Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and positively regulate lipid metabolism, both are potential inhibitor of NF-κB inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - L J Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Kaohsiung 912, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Lin WC, Lee MT, Lin LJ, Chang SC, Lee TT. Immunomodulation Properties of Solid-State Fermented Laetiporussulphureus Ethanol Extracts in Chicken Peripheral Blood Monocytes In Vitro. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- WC Lin
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - MT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - LJ Lin
- College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University, Taiwan
| | - SC Chang
- Livestock Research Institute, Taiwan
| | - TT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Lee TT. Potential crosstalk of oxidative stress and immune response in poultry through phytochemicals - A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018; 32:309-319. [PMID: 30381743 PMCID: PMC6409470 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals which exist in various plants and fungi are non-nutritive compounds that exert numerous beneficial bioactive actions for animals. In recent years following the restriction of antibiotics, phytochemicals have been regarded as a primal selection when dealing with the challenges during the producing process in the poultry industry. The selected fast-growing broiler breed was more fragile when confronting the stressors in their growing environments. The disruption of oxidative balance that impairs the production performance in birds may somehow be linked to the immune system since oxidative stress and inflammatory damage are multi-stage processes. This review firstly discusses the individual influence of oxidative stress and inflammation on the poultry industry. Next, studies related to the application of phytochemicals or botanical compounds with the significance of their antioxidant and immunomodulatory abilities are reviewed. Furthermore, we bring up nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) for they are respectively the key transcription factors involved in oxidative stress and inflammation for elucidating the underlying signal transduction pathways. Finally, by the discussion about several reports using phytochemicals to regulate these transcription factors leading to the improvement of oxidative status, heme oxygenase-1 gene is found crucial for Nrf2-mediated NF-κB inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Lin WC, Lee MT, Chang SC, Chang YL, Shih CH, Yu B, Lee TT. Effects of mulberry leaves on production performance and the potential modulation of antioxidative status in laying hens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1191-1203. [PMID: 28339512 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antioxidant ability of Taisung No. 3 mulberry leaf extract (MLE) as well as the potential of mulberry leaf (ML)-based dietary supplementation for modulating the antioxidative status of laying hens. The results showed that the MLE had a total phenolic compound content of 7.4 ± 0.15 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (DW) and a total flavonoid content of 4.4 ± 0.19 mg of quercetin equivalent/g DW. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical-scavenging ability was 45.9% when 0.1 mg/mL MLE was added. The lipid oxidation inhibition ability was 43.9% when 50 mg/mL MLE was added. We subjected 96 laying hens (Hendrix Genetics) to 4 treatments, namely diets supplemented with dry ML at 0 (control), 0.5, 1, or 2% for 12 weeks. Each treatment involved 8 replicates with 3 hens each. The results indicated that the 0.5% ML-supplemented group exhibited significantly higher mRNA levels of antioxidant-regulated genes, such as Nrf2, HO-1, and GST, and significantly lower ROMO1 gene expression levels at wk 12. The serum malondialdehyde level was lower and the catalase activity and superoxide dismutase activity were higher in all the ML-supplemented groups than in the control group. The egg mass and feed conversion rate significantly improved in the ML-supplemented groups compared with the control group, and, overall, 1% ML supplementation had the most favorable effects at one to 12 weeks. The egg yolk weight, shell weight, shell strength, shell thickness, yolk color, and Haugh unit were increased among all ML-supplemented groups at one to 12 weeks. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that 0.5% ML can be used as a new feed additive to potentially modulate the antioxidative status of laying hens and improve their production performance and egg quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua, 521, Taiwan
| | - Y L Chang
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, 363, Taiwan
| | - C H Shih
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, 363, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Lai LP, Lin WC, Ciou JY, Chang SC, Yu B, Lee TT. Improving Nutrition Utilization and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Through Solid-State Fermentation of Agricultural By-Products by Aureobasidium Pullulans. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- MT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - LP Lai
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - WC Lin
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | | | - SC Chang
- Livestock Research Institute, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - TT Lee
- National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
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Johnson JA, Caudle KE, Gong L, Whirl-Carrillo M, Stein CM, Scott SA, Lee MT, Gage BF, Kimmel SE, Perera MA, Anderson JL, Pirmohamed M, Klein TE, Limdi NA, Cavallari LH, Wadelius M. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for Pharmacogenetics-Guided Warfarin Dosing: 2017 Update. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 102:397-404. [PMID: 28198005 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This document is an update to the 2011 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline for CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and warfarin dosing. Evidence from the published literature is presented for CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and rs12777823 genotype-guided warfarin dosing to achieve a target international normalized ratio of 2-3 when clinical genotype results are available. In addition, this updated guideline incorporates recommendations for adult and pediatric patients that are specific to continental ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - K E Caudle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - L Gong
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - M Whirl-Carrillo
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - C M Stein
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology Vanderbilt Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - S A Scott
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - M T Lee
- Laboratory for International Alliance on Genomic Research, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; National Center for Genome Medicine; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health system, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - B F Gage
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - S E Kimmel
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Medicine and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M A Perera
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J L Anderson
- Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, and Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T E Klein
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - N A Limdi
- Department of Neurology and Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - L H Cavallari
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - M Wadelius
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Sekone AK, Chen YB, Lu MC, Chen WK, Liu CA, Lee MT. Silicon Nanowires for Solar Thermal Energy Harvesting: an Experimental Evaluation on the Trade-off Effects of the Spectral Optical Properties. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:1. [PMID: 26729219 PMCID: PMC4816388 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowire possesses great potential as the material for renewable energy harvesting and conversion. The significantly reduced spectral reflectivity of silicon nanowire to visible light makes it even more attractive in solar energy applications. However, the benefit of its use for solar thermal energy harvesting remains to be investigated and has so far not been clearly reported. The purpose of this study is to provide practical information and insight into the performance of silicon nanowires in solar thermal energy conversion systems. Spectral hemispherical reflectivity and transmissivity of the black silicon nanowire array on silicon wafer substrate were measured. It was observed that the reflectivity is lower in the visible range but higher in the infrared range compared to the plain silicon wafer. A drying experiment and a theoretical calculation were carried out to directly evaluate the effects of the trade-off between scattering properties at different wavelengths. It is clearly seen that silicon nanowires can improve the solar thermal energy harnessing. The results showed that a 17.8 % increase in the harvest and utilization of solar thermal energy could be achieved using a silicon nanowire array on silicon substrate as compared to that obtained with a plain silicon wafer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Karim Sekone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Bin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Chang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Kai Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-An Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Tsang Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Lee MT, Lin WC, Yu B, Lee TT. Antioxidant capacity of phytochemicals and their potential effects on oxidative status in animals - A review. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 30:299-308. [PMID: 27660026 PMCID: PMC5337908 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress suppresses animal health, performance, and production, subsequently impacting economic feasibility; hence, maintaining and improving oxidative status especially through natural nutrition strategy are essential for normal physiological process in animals. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring antioxidants that could be considered as one of the most promising materials used in animal diets in various forms. In this review, their antioxidant effects on animals are discussed as reflected by improved apparent performance, productivity, and the internal physiological changes. Moreover, the antioxidant actions toward animals further describe a molecular basis to elucidate their underlying mechanisms targeting signal transduction pathways, especially through the antioxidant response element/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 transcription system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - W C Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Huang YH, Huang CW, Chou YD, Ho CC, Lee MT. An Experimental and Numerical Study of the Thermal Issues of a High-speed Built-in Motor Spindle. Smart Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23080477.2016.1214062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Lee MT, Wang CY. Case Experience of Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: From an Ex Vivo Animal Study to an Initial Ablation in Taiwan. J Med Ultrasound 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmu.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Liu YK, Sie YY, Liu CA, Lee MT. A Novel Laser Direct Writing System Integrated with A&F XXY Alignment Platform for Rapid Fabrication of Flexible Electronics. Smart Science 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23080477.2015.11665641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lai LP, Lee MT, Chen CS, Yu B, Lee TT. Effects of co-fermented Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2959-69. [PMID: 26467005 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean hulls are a by-product of soybean processing for oil and meal production; Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues (PESR) are by-products of the edible portion of the fruiting body enriched in bioactive metabolites. This study evaluated the effects of co-fermented PESR and soybean hulls with Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. The in vitro experimental results showed that xylananse and mannanase activity of solid-state fermented soybean hulls (100% SBH) and soybean hulls partially replaced with PESR (75:25, SHP) reached peak at day 12; solid-state fermentation (SSF) enhanced the total phenolic content and trolox equivalency in both products as well. Additionally, FSHP had higher xylotriose and mannobiose levels than fermented FSBH did. A total of 400 broilers (Ross 308) were assigned randomly into four groups receiving the basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% fermented SBH (0.5% FSBH), 0.5% fermented SBHP (0.5% FSHP) and 1.0% fermented SBHP (1.0% FSHP) until 35 d of age, respectively. Results demonstrated that 0.5% FSHP addition increased body weight gain as compared with corresponding normal diet fed control in birds during entire experimental period. Compared with the control group, 0.5% FSHP group significantly increased the ratio of lactic acid bacteria to Clostridium perfringens in ceca as well as ileum villus height and jejunum villus height/crypt depth ratio of 35 d old birds. In conclusion, 0.5% FSHP supplementation in the diet could obtain not only improved body weight gain, but optimal intestinal morphology by exerting its bioactive metabolite properties when fed to broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Lai
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Yeo J, Kim G, Hong S, Lee J, Kwon J, Lee H, Park H, Manoroktul W, Lee MT, Lee BJ, Grigoropoulos CP, Ko SH. Single nanowire resistive nano-heater for highly localized thermo-chemical reactions: localized hierarchical heterojunction nanowire growth. Small 2014; 10:5015-5022. [PMID: 25168280 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A single nanowire resistive nano-heater (RNH) is fabricated, and it is demonstrated that the RNH can induce highly localized temperature fields, which can trigger highly localized thermo-chemical reactions to grow hierarchical nanowires directly at the desired specific spot such as ZnO nanowire branch growth on a single Ag nanowire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeob Yeo
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea; Laser Thermal Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA
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Liu YK, Lee MT. Laser direct synthesis and patterning of silver nano/microstructures on a polymer substrate. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:14576-14582. [PMID: 25076124 DOI: 10.1021/am503897r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel approach for the rapid fabrication of conductive nano/microscale metal structures on flexible polymer substrate (polyimide). Silver film is simultaneously synthesized and patterned on the polyimide substrate using an advanced continuous wave (CW) laser direct writing technology and a transparent, particle-free reactive silver ion ink. The location and shape of the resulting silver patterns are written by a laser beam from a digitally controlled micromirror array device. The silver patterns fabricated by this laser direct synthesis and patterning (LDSP) process exhibit the remarkably low electrical resistivity of 2.1 μΩ cm, which is compatible to the electrical resistivity of bulk silver. This novel LDSP process requires no vacuum chamber or photomasks, and the steps needed for preparation of the modified reactive silver ink are simple and straightforward. There is none of the complexity and instability associated with the synthesis of the nanoparticles that are encountered for the conventional laser direct writing technology which involves nanoparticle sintering process. This LDSP technology is an advanced method of nano/microscale selective metal patterning on flexible substrates that is fast and environmentally benign and shows potential as a feasible process for the roll-to-roll manufacturing of large area flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kai Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Govender R, Lee MT, Davies TC, Twinn CE, Katsoulis KL, Payten CL, Stephens R, Drinnan M. Development and preliminary validation of a patient-reported outcome measure for swallowing after total laryngectomy (SOAL questionnaire). Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 37:452-9. [PMID: 23039924 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a laryngectomee-specific questionnaire to investigate swallowing function. This paper describes the generation of questionnaire items, pretesting with laryngectomees and a preliminary validation. DESIGN This study employed 2 phases: questionnaire development and questionnaire validation. Items were developed from patient (n = 10) and clinician (n = 6) focus groups. Content checking, acceptability and face validity were determined through pretesting with 10 laryngectomees and via consensus feedback from 35 speech and language therapists. During preliminary validation, the 17-item final questionnaire was administered to 3 different groups. Discrimination amongst groups was established by comparing questionnaire responses of a laryngectomee group (n = 19) with known dysphagic (n = 19) and non-dysphagic groups (n = 20). Questionnaire responses from the reference dysphagic group were compared with an instrumental assessment of swallowing, the modified barium swallow (MBS). SETTING Large urban teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Speech and language therapists, laryngectomees, non-dysphagic volunteers, post-radiotherapy dysphagic patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Preliminary validation of SOAL questionnaire. RESULTS Normal, laryngectomee and dysphagic groups had significantly different SOAL scores, as did laryngectomees with different degrees of swallowing impairment (Kruskall Wallis, P << 0.001). The subjective SOAL score had a strong positive correlation with the reference measure of ratings on the MBS (r = 0.5; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The swallowing outcome after laryngectomy (SOAL) questionnaire is a simple, self-administered tool to assess swallowing function post-total laryngectomy. Further specific testing with a laryngectomy cohort is necessary for full validation. Its potential value lies in screening for dysphagia in clinics or during long-term follow-up of laryngectomees.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Govender
- Speech & Language Therapy, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust UK, London, UK.
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21
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Homem MGP, López-Castillo A, Barbatti M, Rosa LFS, Iza P, Cavasso-Filho RL, Farenzena LS, Lee MT, Iga I. Experimental and theoretical investigations on photoabsorption and photoionization of trimethylphosphate in the vacuum-ultraviolet energy range. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:184305. [PMID: 23163369 DOI: 10.1063/1.4765336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report a joint experimental-theoretical investigation on interaction of vacuum-ultraviolet radiation with trimethylphosphate (TMP) molecule (C(3)H(9)O(4)P) in gas phase. This species together with tetrahydrofuran (THF) are model compounds of deoxyribose nucleic acids (DNA)/ribose nucleic acids (RNA) backbone. Absolute photoabsorption cross sections (σ(a)) and ionization yields (η) are measured using the double-ion-chamber technique in the 11.0-21.45 eV energy range. Photoionization (σ(i)) and neutral-decay (σ(n)) cross sections in absolute scale are also derived. Moreover, theoretical photoabsorption cross sections are calculated using the time-dependent density functional theory from the excitation threshold up to 16 eV. Good agreement between the present calculated and experimental photoabsorption cross sections in the 11.0-14.5 eV range is encouraging. Also, the present measured data of σ(a) and σ(i) for TMP are about 1.3 and 1.5 times of those of THF, respectively. Thus, the experimental evidences that the majority of strand breaks being located at sugar rings in the irradiated DNA/RNA backbone moiety may be induced by a possible migration of the hole, initially created at phosphate group, to the linked sugar groups. Finally, absolute partial photoionization cross sections are derived from the experimental time-of-flight mass spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G P Homem
- Departamento de Física, UFSC, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Lee D, Pan H, Sherry A, Ko SH, Lee MT, Kim E, Grigoropoulos CP. Large-area nanoimprinting on various substrates by reconfigurable maskless laser direct writing. Nanotechnology 2012; 23:344012. [PMID: 22885478 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/34/344012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Laser-assisted, one-step direct nanoimprinting of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated to fabricate submicron structures including mesh, line, nanopillar and nanowire arrays. Master molds were fabricated with high-speed (200 mm s(-1)) laser direct writing (LDW) of negative or positive photoresists on Si wafers. The fabrication was completely free of lift-off or reactive ion etching processes. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps fabricated from master molds replicated nanoscale structures (down to 200 nm) with no or negligible residual layers on various substrates. The low temperature and pressure used for nanoimprinting enabled direct nanofabrication on flexible substrates. With the aid of high-speed LDW, wafer scale 4 inch direct nanoimprinting was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeho Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Yeo J, Hong S, Lee D, Hotz N, Lee MT, Grigoropoulos CP, Ko SH. Next generation non-vacuum, maskless, low temperature nanoparticle ink laser digital direct metal patterning for a large area flexible electronics. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42315. [PMID: 22900011 PMCID: PMC3416833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible electronics opened a new class of future electronics. The foldable, light and durable nature of flexible electronics allows vast flexibility in applications such as display, energy devices and mobile electronics. Even though conventional electronics fabrication methods are well developed for rigid substrates, direct application or slight modification of conventional processes for flexible electronics fabrication cannot work. The future flexible electronics fabrication requires totally new low-temperature process development optimized for flexible substrate and it should be based on new material too. Here we present a simple approach to developing a flexible electronics fabrication without using conventional vacuum deposition and photolithography. We found that direct metal patterning based on laser-induced local melting of metal nanoparticle ink is a promising low-temperature alternative to vacuum deposition– and photolithography-based conventional metal patterning processes. The “digital” nature of the proposed direct metal patterning process removes the need for expensive photomask and allows easy design modification and short turnaround time. This new process can be extremely useful for current small-volume, large-variety manufacturing paradigms. Besides, simple, scalable, fast and low-temperature processes can lead to cost-effective fabrication methods on a large-area polymer substrate. The developed process was successfully applied to demonstrate high-quality Ag patterning (2.1 µΩ·cm) and high-performance flexible organic field effect transistor arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyeob Yeo
- Applied Nano Technology and Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sukjoon Hong
- Applied Nano Technology and Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Daehoo Lee
- Laser Thermal Lab, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Nico Hotz
- Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thermodynamics and Sustainable Energy Lab, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ming-Tsang Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.
| | - Costas P. Grigoropoulos
- Laser Thermal Lab, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SHK); (CPG)
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano Technology and Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- * E-mail: (SHK); (CPG)
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Homem MGP, Iga I, Sugohara RT, Sanches IP, Lee MT. Role of adsorption effects on absolute electron-molecule cross-section calibration using the relative flow technique. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:013109. [PMID: 21280818 DOI: 10.1063/1.3525799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report an experimental investigation on relative flow-rate determination for vapors. The mechanism of adsorption-desorption of vapors on surfaces is considered. In contrast to previous investigations, our study shows that the adsorption of vapors on surfaces may significantly affect the flow-rate determination and consequently the measured cross sections. Particularly, for water, it can result in an overestimation of 35% in the cross sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G P Homem
- Departamento de Física, UFSC, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil.
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Chen HF, Wang CY, Lee HY, See TT, Chen MH, Jiang JY, Lee MT, Li CY. Short-term case fatality rate and associated factors among inpatients with diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state: a hospital-based analysis over a 15-year period. Intern Med 2010; 49:729-37. [PMID: 20424362 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.49.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) are usually life threatening, but the recent trend of 28-day case-fatality and associated risk factors including Charlson index have not been known. Our aim was to evaluate the 28-day case-fatality rate among hospitalized DKA and HHS patients in a teaching hospital in Taiwan from 1991 to 2005. METHODS DKA and HHS admissions, identified from in-patient electronic database, were linked to Taiwan's national death registry. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the 28-day case-fatality rates of DKA and HHS, and to compare the trend of case-fatality over three consecutive 5-year periods (i.e, 1991-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005). We also used the Cox proportional hazard regression model to explore the determinants of 28-day case-fatality of the study patients. RESULTS The 28-day case-fatality rates for DKA and HHS were 6.10% and 18.83%, and the lowest ones were observed in 2001-2005 (2.65% and 11.63% in DKA and HHS, respectively). Pneumonia was a significant predictor for increased 28-day case-fatality in both illnesses. Additionally, older age and stroke were significantly associated with increased case-fatality in DKA patients while myocardial infarction and higher Charlson index were significant predictors for higher case-fatality in HHS patients. CONCLUSION Improvements in case-fatality in recent years for both DKA and HHS were found in the study hospital. Further reduction of the case-fatality rate among DKA and HHS patients can be achieved by optimal management of certain co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Fen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan
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Le AT, Lucchese RR, Lee MT, Lin CD. Probing molecular frame photoionization via laser generated high-order harmonics from aligned molecules. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:203001. [PMID: 19519025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Present experiments cannot measure molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPAD) for ionization from the outermost valence orbitals of molecules. We show that the details of MFPAD can be retrieved with high-order harmonics generated by infrared lasers from aligned molecules. Using accurately calculated photoionization transition dipole moments for fixed-in-space molecules, we show that the dependence of the magnitude and phase of the high-order harmonics on the alignment angle of the molecules observed in recent experiments can be quantitatively reproduced. This result provides the needed theoretical basis for ultrafast dynamic chemical imaging using infrared laser pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Thu Le
- Department of Physics, Cardwell Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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Lee MT, Hooper LC, Kump L, Hayashi K, Nussenblatt R, Hooks JJ, Detrick B. Interferon-beta and adhesion molecules (E-selectin and s-intracellular adhesion molecule-1) are detected in sera from patients with retinal vasculitis and are induced in retinal vascular endothelial cells by Toll-like receptor 3 signalling. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 147:71-80. [PMID: 17177965 PMCID: PMC1810441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal vasculitis is a major component of ocular inflammation that plays a role in retinal tissue damage in patients with idiopathic uveitis and Behçet's disease. Here we show that type 1 interferons (IFN alpha/beta) were not detected in sera from normal individuals but were identified in up to 46% of the sera from retinal vasculitis patients. The predominant form of IFN observed was IFN-beta, which was detected in 39% of Behçet's disease patients and 47% of idiopathic uveitis patients. Seven patients whose sera contained IFN-beta were monitored prospectively. IFN-beta was shown to be present for 6-12 months in all seven of the sera samples tested. Furthermore, the adhesion molecule profile identified in this study was strikingly different when Behçet's and uveitis patient sera were compared to sera from normal controls. Sera from Behçet's disease patients contained significantly elevated levels of the soluble adhesion molecules, sE-selectin and s-intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), whereas sera from patients with idiopathic uveitis contained significantly increased sE-selectin. In vitro studies evaluating the cell source of these cytokines revealed that polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C) activated retinal vascular endothelial cells produce sE-selectin, sICAM-1 and IFN-beta. Production of these molecules was inhibited by pretreatment with anti-Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) antibody. In conclusion, IFN-beta, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 are elevated in patients with retinal vasculitis and are induced in retinal vascular endothelial cells in vitro by activating the innate immune system through TLR-3. Further analysis of innate immune signalling may prove to be a novel target for future studies on pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in retinal vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mullan GPJ, Lee MT, Clarke PM. Botulinum neurotoxin for management of intractable central leakage through a voice prosthesis in surgical voice restoration. J Laryngol Otol 2006; 120:789-92. [PMID: 16859568 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215106001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Rehabilitation of voice and speech after total laryngectomy has become established practice in recent years. A voice prosthesis is placed within a surgically produced fistula between the trachea and upper oesophagus and acts as a one way valve, allowing passage of pulmonary air from the trachea into the oesophagus and preventing aspiration of food and fluid from the oesophagus into the trachea. Persistent leakage through or around these prostheses is a recognized complication, the aetiology of which can vary widely, from mechanical issues with the prostheses themselves to anatomical and physiological issues associated with the reconstructed pharynx. We report a new technique of using Dysport in the management of intractable central leakage due to premature and forceful closure of the upper oesophageal sphincter during swallowing. This resulted in the pooling of fluids around the posterior flange of the prosthesis. This, along with the increased pressure from the muscle contraction, led to central leakage, as identified on videofluoroscopy. An injection of Dysport paralysed the upper oesophageal sphincter, preventing pooling of fluids around the prosthesis and the forcing open of the valve. The effect was to eliminate the leakage, and the patient did not require further injections over the following 22 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P J Mullan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Charing Cross, Hospital, London, UK.
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Hwang HW, Chen JJ, Lin YJ, Shieh RC, Lee MT, Hung SI, Wu JY, Chen YT, Niu DM, Hwang BT. R1193Q of SCN5A, a Brugada and long QT mutation, is a common polymorphism in Han Chinese. J Med Genet 2006; 42:e7; author reply e8. [PMID: 15689442 PMCID: PMC1735991 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.027995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lee MT, Wang CY, Chang TC. Graves' Hyperthyroidism with Incidental Ossified Nodular Lesion. J Med Ultrasound 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-6441(09)60065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
A sustainable aquatic environment, which relates to the issues of pollution mitigation and ecological restoration, is one of the important indicators of the vitality and prosperity of a city. Traditionally, resort to engineering efforts is always the first priority in dealing with such problems. Nevertheless, treated as an integrated system, the nature of the problem should involve many aspects including economic, ecological, environmental, and engineering factors. Meanwhile, the special feature of the time-dependent state has also made such a system a dynamic and complex problem. The current research has employed the concepts of integrated assessment trying to aggregate related studies and tackling the problem as a complete system. With the aid of the system dynamic modeling tool, which is capable of dealing with dynamic and complex problems, the simulation model was formulated following the macrostructure of system behavior. Various strategies for improving the sustainability of the aquatic environment in Love River, Kaohsiung, Taiwan have been evaluated. The decision makers are therefore allowed to choose more effective strategies based on the integrated perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering National, Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lian-Hae Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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Liang DC, Chan TT, Lin KH, Lin DT, Lu MY, Chen SH, Liu HC, Lin MT, Lee MT, Shu SG, Chang TK, Chen JS, Hsiao CC, Hung IJ, Hsieh YL, Chen RL, Cheng SN, Chang WH, Lee CH, Lin KS. Improved treatment results for childhood acute myeloid leukemia in Taiwan. Leukemia 2005; 20:136-41. [PMID: 16281075 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To improve treatment results for children with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we introduced a novel protocol, Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group-AML-97A, for AML other than acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), for which modified conventional protocols were used. From January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2002, 141 children younger than 17 years old with de novo AML were enrolled. In total, 117 patients with non-APL AML were treated with induction therapy of idarubicin and cytarabine (Ara-C), postremission therapy with high-dose Ara-C - containing regimens for four monthly courses, and moderate-dose therapy with idarubicin and Ara-C for four monthly courses. The first 19 patients with APL were treated with all-trans retinoic acid, idarubicin and Ara-C, with the remaining five patients receiving all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin, followed by maintenance therapy for 2 years. Stem cell transplantation was performed in 29 patients in first remission with a similar outcome as chemotherapy alone. The remission rate in the AML-97A study was 90%, the 5-year survival 51 +/- 5.3% (s.e.) and the 5-year event-free survival 50 +/- 4.8%; for APL, these were 100%, 86 +/- 7.0, and 75 +/- 9.8%. For the whole group, the 5-year survival was 57 +/- 4.7% and the 5-year event-free survival 54 +/- 4.4%. The AML-97A regimen was well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Liang
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Wu DY, Tian ZQ, Lin SH. Effect of displacement and distortion of potential energy surfaces and overlapping resonances of electronic transitions on surface-enhanced Raman scattering: Models and ab initio theoretical calculation. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:094719. [PMID: 15836174 DOI: 10.1063/1.1859283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously developed theory for the temperature-dependent resonance Raman scattering is used to study the surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Two models, the displaced oscillator model and the displaced-distorted oscillator model, based on the harmonic potential energy surfaces are carried out to calculate the surface-enhanced Raman scattering excitation profiles of the pyridine molecule adsorbed on a silver electrode, for which the density functional theory method is applied to evaluate the potential energy surfaces of the adsorption structure. In this framework, the distortion effect on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering will be discussed by comparing both models. The overlapping resonance of multiexcited electronic transitions is also studied, in which the interference between electronic transitions has been taken into account. It will be used to study the abnormal band at 1005.6 cm(-1) with the exciting radiation 457.9 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, 106 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Examination of organizational and financial characteristics of the specialty substance abuse treatment system allows an understanding of how to meet the needs of clients in the system. Further, this assessment may afford insights into how the specialty sector may adapt in the changing environment of managed care. Data from Phase I of the Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) describe the specialty substance abuse treatment system in terms of type of care, setting, level of affiliation, licensure/accreditation, ownership, revenue sources, client referral sources, client's primary substance of abuse, and managed care. Although the system is largely outpatient and remains substantially two tiered in terms of public/private funding mix, it varies along a number of organizational and financial dimensions which have implications for system structure and facility viability in the changing environment of substance abuse treatment service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Horgan
- Schneider Institute for Health Policy, Heller Graduate School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9110, USA
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Lin SW, Lee MT, Ke FC, Lee PP, Huang CJ, Ip MM, Chen L, Hwang JJ. TGFbeta1 stimulates the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and the invasive behavior in human ovarian cancer cells, which is suppressed by MMP inhibitor BB3103. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001; 18:493-9. [PMID: 11592306 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011888126865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the modulatory role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta1) on the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tested whether the altered secretion of MMPs could directly affect the invasive behavior of ovarian cancer cells. To this aim, human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were treated once with vehicle or various concentrations of TGFbeta1 for 24 h. Gelatinase activities in conditioned media were analyzed by zymography and densitometry. TGFbeta1 dose-dependently stimulated the secretion of a 68-kDa gelatinase, which was characterized as an MMP because its activity was inhibited by a metalloproteinase inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline, and by a synthetic MMP inhibitor BB3103. In addition, we used aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA) to activate latent gelatinases. APMA time-dependently decreased the activity of 68-kDa gelatinase, and increased the activities of 64- and 62-kDa gelatinolytic bands. The 68-kDa gelatinase was further characterized as MMP2 (gelatinase A) by immunoblotting analysis. We then tested TGFbeta1 effect on the invasive potential of SKOV3 cells as assessed by the migration ability through reconstituted basement membrane, and further investigated whether TGFbeta1 may act through modulating the MMP activity to affect ovarian cancer cell invasion. The results show that TGFbeta1 stimulated the invasive behavior of SKOV3 cells, and that MMP inhibitor BB3103 abrogated this effect of TGFbeta1. In conclusion, this study indicates that TGFbeta1 may act partly through stimulating the secretion of MMP in promoting the invasive behavior of human ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, this work supports the idea that specific MMP inhibitors of the hydroxamate class could be therapeutically useful in controlling cancer cell invasion/metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lin
- Institute of Physiology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Numerous adherence variables have been created from electronic dosing records hindering synthesis of the vast body of adherence research. To elucidate the mathematical foundation for electronic adherence monitoring and to understand how diverse electronic adherence metrics are related to each other and the underlying construct of adherence behavior. Several representative adherence metrics are derived mathematically and their relationship to the underlying consumption (or dosing event) rate analyzed. Data from a 3-month study of 286 individuals on single-drug antihypertensive therapy are then used to empirically study the statistical properties of several of these electronic adherence metrics. As suggested by their common link to the consumption (or dosing event) rate, the analyzed electronic adherence metrics were generally strongly correlated (r <- .6 and > .4). The lowest correlation (r = .15) involved the ratio of the observed number of doses to the recommended number (called average adherence), which tended to emphasize quantity consumed, and the ratio of the observed to maximum mean squared rate deviation (MSRD ratio), which focused more on dose timing. Despite their different formulations, electronic adherence variables are generally closely correlated. Adherence metrics that average the consumption rate over multiple doses (by summing up the number of doses and dividing by the monitored time) may be less sensitive to short-term fluctuations in medication intake. Metrics that are more sensitive to timing variability may thus be preferable when timing as well as quantity of dosing are of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Choo
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
We present a case of a cutaneous ciliated cyst that presented in a 13-year-old female. The lesion was felt to be a pilonidal cyst, based on its location and clinical appearance. This case is unusual because it is the youngest reported example of this very rare lesion. In addition, the admixture of apocrine and ciliated cells is extremely unusual. The histogenesis of cutaneous ciliated cysts is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Sheu JN, Lee MT, Hsieh JC, Chang H. Lung abscess in congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation: report of one case. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 2001; 42:162-5. [PMID: 11431862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) of the lung is an uncommon anomaly of fetal development of terminal respiratory structures. Patients with CCAM may present either in the newborn with progressive respiratory distress, or in older children with recurrent pulmonary infections. Lung abscess is an extremely rare presentation. Herein we report an 8-year-old girl with type 1 CCAM who presented as lung abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Sheu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical and Dental College Hospital, No. 23, Section 1, Taichung Kang Road, Taichung, Taiwan 40334.
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Lee MT, Reif S, Ritter GA, Levine HJ, Horgan CM. Access to services in the substance abuse treatment system. Variations by facility characteristics. Recent Dev Alcohol 2001; 15:137-56. [PMID: 11449739 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-306-47193-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In view of the importance of type and intensity of services during substance abuse treatment, this chapter looks at treatment and support services that substance abuse clients have access to during treatment. Trends in services over recent years are described. Services available to clients in the current treatment system are reviewed. Several facility characteristics affecting access to services are examined. Different ways of defining access to services are discussed. Findings from the Alcohol and Drug Services Study are used to illustrate service patterns in the national substance abuse treatment system. Variations in service patterns by facility characteristics such as type of care, treatment setting, ownership, percent of facility dependence on public revenue, and level of affiliation are analyzed. The implication is that clients who enter into treatment at different types of facilities are likely to have access to certain types of services.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Schneider Institute for Health Policy, Heller Graduate School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9110, USA
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Teng CH, Ke FC, Lee MT, Lin SW, Chen L, Hwang JJ. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide acts synergistically with relaxin in modulating ovarian cell function in rats. J Endocrinol 2000; 167:61-9. [PMID: 11018753 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1670061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The interactive effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and relaxin on the secretion of gelatinases, involved in matrix remodeling, in ovarian theca-interstitial cells and granulosa cells, were investigated in gonadotropin-primed immature rats. The gelatinases secreted from cultured cells were analyzed using gelatin zymography and scanning densitometry. We have previously shown that relaxin stimulated the secretion of a 71 kDa gelatinase, identified as a type IV collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase 2), in rat theca-interstitial cells. This study has demonstrated that PACAP27 and PACAP38, with similar potency, dose-dependently enhanced relaxin-induced secretion of 71 kDa gelatinase, whereas PACAP alone had no effect. In rat granulosa cells, both PACAP27 and PACAP38 alone dose-dependently increased the secretion of a 63 kDa gelatinase. In addition, this study has shown that cAMP signaling pathway mediators act similarly to that of PACAP on gelatinase secretion in rat ovarian cells. Cholera toxin, forskolin and 8-bromoadenosine cAMP augmented relaxin-induced secretion of 71 kDa gelatinase in theca-interstitial cells, and alone they had no effect. These mediators also increased the secretion of 63 kDa gelatinase in granulosa cells. It is well known that the increase in cellular cAMP level is associated with the morphological rounding-up phenomenon in granulosa cells. This study has shown that PACAP and cAMP pathway mediators, but not relaxin, could cause such changes in cell shape in granulosa cells as well as in theca-interstitial cells. In conclusion, this study provides original findings that PACAP acts synergistically with relaxin in stimulating the secretion of gelatinases in rat ovarian theca-interstitial cells and granulosa cells. This supports the idea that relaxin and PACAP may serve as ovarian physiological mediators of gonadotropin function in facilitating the ovulatory process. In addition, PACAP appears to act through the cAMP signaling pathway to affect biological functions in ovarian cells, whereas relaxin does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Teng
- Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee MT, Lin SY, Yang HJ, Lee TI, Lin HD, Tang KT. Early detection of occult thyroid cancer metastases in small cervical lymph node by genetic analysis of fine-needle aspiration specimens. J Otolaryngol 2000; 29:322-6. [PMID: 11108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M T Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Yang CP, Hung JJ, Jaing TH, Lin KH, Lin DT, Lu MY, Liang DC, Chen SH, Liu HC, Hsiao CC, Shu SG, Chen JS, Chang TT, Chiou SS, Hsieh YL, Lin MT, Lee MT, Peng CT, Cheng SN, Chen RL, Chen BW, Lin KS. Treatment results of the TPOG-NHL92 protocols for childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Taiwan: a report from the Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group (TPOG). Acta Paediatr Taiwan 2000; 41:193-204. [PMID: 11021005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2022]
Abstract
A nation-wide chemotherapeutic trial for childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was conducted by the Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group (TPOG). Four TPOG-NHL92 protocols based on stage and histology were activated in 1992: TPOG-92LD (treatment duration: 8 months) was used for localized (stages I/II) NHL with any histology, 92LB (2 years), 92SNC (5 months), and 92LC (1 year) for advanced (stages III/IV) lymphoblastic (LB), small non-cleaved cell (SNC), and large cell (LC) lymphoma, respectively. From January 1992 through June 1998, 200 children with newly diagnosed NHL from 13 member hospitals of TPOG were enrolled. There were 140 boys and 60 girls. Their ages at diagnosis ranged from 2.4 months to 18.3 years with a median of 8.2 years. There were 54 (27.3%) patients with LB, 94 (47.5%) with SNC including B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and 50 (25.2%) with LC. Stages I, II, III, and IV (including B-ALL) of the disease comprised 5%, 10%, 43%, and 42% of cases, respectively. There were 176 patients eligible for evaluation of treatment results. The remission rate of induction was 82.4%, induction failed in 22 (12.5%) patients, and nine patients died during induction. As of August 31, 1999, 26 patients relapsed, six died during remission, one patient developed secondary acute myelomonocytic leukemia, and 105 patients remained in continuous remission with a median remission duration of 49 months. The event-free survival (EFS) at 7 years was 63.5%, 61.5% and 65% for LB, SNC, and LC groups (P = 0.8298). The 7-year EFS for stages I/II, III, and IV of the disease was 73%, 68.9%, and 50.3% (P = 0.0212), respectively. We concluded that following the strategy of stratification of therapy, only disease stages had prognostic significance in this study. More efforts are needed to improve our treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Yang
- Division of Hemotology/Oncology, Chang-Gung Children's Hospital-Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsueh CC, Lee MT, Freund MS, Ferguson GS. Electrochemically Directed Self-Assembly on Gold We gratefully acknowledge partial funding from the Polymer Interfaces Center, an Industry/University Cooperative Research Center at Lehigh University, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and Lehigh University. We thank AT&T Bell Laboratories (now Lucent, Inc.) for a gift of the triple-track testers. We also thank A. C. Miller for assistance with the XPS measurements, L. Lowe-Krentz for allowing the use of the fluorescence microscope and G. Freund for translating the manuscript into German. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:1227-1230. [PMID: 10767014 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(20000403)39:7<1227::aid-anie1227>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CC Hsueh
- Department of Chemistry Lehigh University 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015 (USA)
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Huang YT, Lin JK, Lee MT. Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induction of c-fos mRNA by the protein kinase A inhibitor N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 58:1639-47. [PMID: 10535756 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) can induce expression of many immediate-early genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. In this study, TPA increased c-fos mRNA, cellular cyclic AMP, and protein kinase A (PKA) activity in the first 30 min with similar inductive time courses. Treatment of NIH 3T3 cells with N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinoline sulfonamide (H-89), a PKA specific inhibitor, suppressed TPA induction of PKA activity and c-fos mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not inhibit serum-induced transcription. H-89 did not inhibit TPA and serum induction of c-jun mRNA. H-89 interfered with TPA-stimulated serum-responsive element-binding activity in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not inhibit TPA-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 activity or Elk-1 phosphorylation. TPA stimulation of a c-fos promoter reporter construct was inhibited by overexpression of the dominant negative regulatory protein of PKA. In deletion studies, the H-89 inhibitory element was found to be localized between -563 and -379 in the c-fos promoter region. These results suggest that H-89 will be very useful for investigating the molecular mechanism of TPA induction of c-fos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang YT, Hwang JJ, Lee PP, Ke FC, Huang JH, Huang CJ, Kandaswami C, Middleton E, Lee MT. Effects of luteolin and quercetin, inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, on cell growth and metastasis-associated properties in A431 cells overexpressing epidermal growth factor receptor. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 128:999-1010. [PMID: 10556937 PMCID: PMC1571723 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Flavonoids display a wide range of pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory. Anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-cancer effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of eight flavonoids on the tumour cell proliferation, cellular protein phosphorylation, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) secretion. 2. Of the flavonoids examined, luteolin (Lu) and quercetin (Qu) were the two most potent agents, and significantly inhibited A431 cell proliferation with IC50 values of 19 and 21 micronM, respectively. 3. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) (10 nM) promoted growth of A431 cells (+25+/-4.6%) and mediated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activity and autophosphorylation of EGFR were inhibited by Lu and Qu. At concentration of 20 micronM, both Lu and Qu markedly decreased the levels of phosphorylation of A431 cellular proteins, including EGFR. 4. A431 cells treated with Lu or Qu exhibited protuberant cytoplasmic blebs and progressive shrinkage morphology. Lu and Qu also time-dependently induced the appearance of a ladder pattern of DNA fragmentation, and this effect was abolished by EGF treatment. 5. The addition of EGF only marginally diminished the inhibitory effect of luteolin and quercetin on the growth rate of A431 cells, treatment of cellular proteins with EGF and luteolin or quercetin greatly reduced protein phosphorylation, indicating Lu and Qu may act effectively to inhibit a wide range of protein kinases, including EGFR tyrosine kinase. 6. EGF increased the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), while Lu and Qu appeared to suppress the secretion of these two MMPs in A431 cells. 7. Examination of the relationship between the chemical structure and inhibitory effects of eight flavonoids reveal that the double bond between C2 and C3 in ring C and the OH groups on C3' and C4' in ring B are critical for the biological activities. 8. This study demonstrates that the inhibitory effects of Lu and Qu, and the stimulatory effects of EGF, on tumour cell proliferation, cellular protein phosphorylation, and MMP secretion may be mediated at least partly through EGFR. This study supports the idea that Lu and Qu may have potential as anti-cancer and anti-metastasis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate flavonol glycosides in leaves of Symplocarpus renifolius (Araceae). From the water fraction of the MeOH extract, three new flavonol glycosides were isolated along with three known compounds, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-b eta-D-glucopyranoside,quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D -glucopyranoside, and caffeic acid. The structures of the new flavonol glycosides were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-be ta-D-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyra nos yl-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-(6 ''''-trans-caffeoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Whang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Chou CC, Lee MT, Chen WC. Production of cholesterol oxidase by Rhodococcus equi No. 23 in a jar fermenter. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 1999; 29:217-21. [PMID: 10334951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhodococcus equi No. 23 was grown in a batch fermenter. The effects of cultivation temperature, pH of the culture medium, aeration rate and agitation speed on the production of cholesterol oxidase (CholOx) by the test organism were examined. Results revealed that the cultivation temperature, the pH of the medium, the aeration rate and the agitation speed all affected the production of CholOx by R. equi No. 23. Adjusting the operation variables during the cultivation period increased the production of CholOx effectively and prevented the occurrence of overflow of foam during the fermentation period. A maximum CholOx activity of 0.34 unit/ml with a volumetric production rate of 0.011 unit/h per ml could be achieved in 30 h of cultivation at an aeration rate of 5.0 l/min, if the pH of the culture medium, the cultivation temperature and the agitation speed were controlled at 6.5, 39 degrees C and 200 rev. /min respectively during the first 24 h of cultivation, then shifted to 7.5, 37 degrees C and 300 rev./min respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Chou
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 59, Lane 144, Keelung Road, Sec. 4, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee MT. Logbooks and the 'millennium bug'. Br J Anaesth 1999; 82:814. [PMID: 10536575 DOI: 10.1093/bja/82.5.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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