1
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Li JY, Wang DK, Lin YT, Wey MY, Tseng HH. Homogeneous sub-nanophase network tailoring of dual organosilica membrane for enhancing CO2 gas separation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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2
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Lai WH, Wang DK, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Photo-induced poly(styrene-[C1mim][Tf2N])-supported hollow fiber ionic liquid membranes to enhance CO2 separation. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Lin YT, Wey MY, Tseng HH. Highly Permeable Mixed Matrix Hollow Fiber Membrane as a Latent Route for Hydrogen Purification from Hydrocarbons/Carbon Dioxide. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:membranes11110865. [PMID: 34832094 PMCID: PMC8619044 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work reported on the fabrication and investigation of a mixed matrix hollow fiber membrane (MMHFM) by incorporating commercially available alumina particles into a polyetherimide (PEI) polymer matrix. These MMHFMs were prepared by the dry-wet spinning technique. Accordingly, optimizing the spinning parameters, including the air gap distance and flow rate ratio, is key to determining the gas separation performance. However, there are few studies regarding the effect of the filler dimensions. Consequently, three sizes of alumina particles, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 1000 nm, were respectively added into the PEI phase to examine the influence of filler size on gas permeation property. Moreover, the permeation properties of lower hydrocarbons (i.e., ethane and propane) were also measured to evaluate potential for emerging applications. The results indicated the as-synthesized membrane exhibited a remarkable hydrogen permeance of 1065.24 GPU, and relatively high separation factors of 4.53, 5.77, and 5.39 for H2/CO2, H2/C2H6, and H2/C3H8, respectively. This resulted from good compatibility between the larger fillers and the PEI polymer, as well as a reduction in the finger-like voids. Overall, the MMHFM in this work was deemed to be a promising candidate to separate hydrogen from gas streams, based on the comparison of the separation performance against other reported studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-22840441 (ext. 508) (H.-H.T.); Fax: +886-4-22862587 (M.-Y.W. & H.-H.T.)
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-22840441 (ext. 508) (H.-H.T.); Fax: +886-4-22862587 (M.-Y.W. & H.-H.T.)
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4
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Lee JT, Huang YE, Su EC, Wey MY. In situ phase transformation of polytypic zinc-blende/wurtzite copper indium sulfide via a facile polyol method to boost visible-light photocatalytic performance. Chemosphere 2021; 277:130348. [PMID: 33784556 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A zinc-blende/wurtzite (ZB/WZ) copper indium sulfide (CuInS2/CIS) polymorph with high visible-light absorption ability and high charge separation rate was developed by using a facile polyol method. Results showed that when thioacetamide served as a sulfur precursor, the crystalline phase of CIS was zinc-blende. Meanwhile, when thiourea served as a sulfur precursor, the crystalline phase of CIS was wurtzite, which exhibited good photocatalytic acid red 1 (AR1) dye decolorization efficiency. When the precursor/ethylene glycol ratio was 1/50-7/50, the AR1 decolorization efficiency followed the order: T-5-CIS > T-7-CIS > T-3-CIS > T-1-CIS, and the TOC removal efficiency of T-5-CIS was 45.7%. The PL and EIS analyses indicated that T-5-CIS showed the highest charge separation rate. Mott-Schottky analysis demonstrated that the remarkably enhanced photocatalytic decolorization rate was ascribed to the stronger reduction potential of CIS with the mixed ZB/WZ phases and the redox potential difference between the ZB and WZ phases, leading to a good oxidation ability and charge separation. The results indicated that O2- was the main reactive specie in this study, and this study provided a potential photocatalyst in the treatment of dye wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ting Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - You-En Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - En-Chin Su
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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5
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Lai WH, Hong CY, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Fabrication of waterproof gas separation membrane from plastic waste for CO 2 separation. Environ Res 2021; 195:110760. [PMID: 33493535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, waste polystyrene (wPS) plastic was used to prepare gas-separation membranes with hot-pressing technology to reduce the accumulation of plastic waste. Polystyrene is a commonly used polymer for the production of plastic products, and it is also used in the synthesis of membranes for gas separation. Compared to the traditional synthesis process, hot-pressing is environmentally friendly because it does not require organic solvents. The mobility of the polymer chain and the integrity and free volume of the membrane are affected by the temperature, pressure, duration, and annealing environment of the hot-pressing process, thereby altering the performance of the membrane. Additionally, when the wPS contained polybutadiene, the gas separation membranes showed a selectivity of 17.14 for CO2/N2. The membranes also exhibited ideal waterproof performance when the membranes were operated under water pressures of 1-5 bar. Therefore, membranes derived from wPS through hot pressing are waterproof and can be used for gas separation. Furthermore, they are expected to maintain their separation performance in complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsiung Lai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Yao Hong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- School of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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6
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Lin YT, Li JY, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Insights into the Role of Polymer Conformation on the Cutoff Size of Carbon Molecular Sieving Membranes for Hydrogen Separation and Its Novel Pore Size Detection Technology. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:5165-5175. [PMID: 33480251 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three polymer precursor conformations, dilute, semi-dilute, and concentrated, were used to fabricate carbon molecular sieving (CMS) membranes via a fixed carbonization protocol. The effects of the precursor conformation on the microstructure of the resultant CMS membranes were characterized by Raman analysis. Their ability to separate light gases, such as H2/CH4 and H2/N2, was assessed with a single-gas system. Additionally, a novel method was proposed to detect the cutoff size of the CMS membranes created in this study. The method combined high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and a focused ion beam (FIB) system. Finally, due to the semi-dilute solution's denser polymer chains and lack of severe polymer entanglement, highly graphited CMS membranes with excellent gas separation performance were successfully synthesized using a semi-dilute polyetherimide dope solution. Interlayer distances in the carbon matrix were visualized and measured using our novel probing tool (HR-TEM and FIB) and software. The CMS membrane fabricated with a semi-dilute dope exhibited the best gas separation performance of the tested membranes. It had the most ordered carbon sheet orientation and exhibited a superior selectivity of H2/CH4 = 293 with a hydrogen permeability of 1138.7 Barrer, far surpassing the reported permselectivity of other membranes. We believe that the high H2/CH4 selectivity presented here is unprecedented for CMS membranes reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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7
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Li WJ, Tsai S, Wey MY. Positive effects of a halloysite-supported Cu/Co catalyst fabricated by a urea-driven deposition precipitation method on the CO-SCR reaction and SO2 poisoning. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy02261f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cu/Co catalysts were prepared on halloysite nanotube supports by a urea-driven deposition–precipitation method for CO oxidation and the selective catalytic reduction of NO (CO-SCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung
- Taiwan
| | - Shu Tsai
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung
- Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung
- Taiwan
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8
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Li JY, Wang DK, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Solvent effects on diffusion channel construction of organosilica membrane with excellent CO2 separation properties. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Lin YT, Zhuang GL, Wey MY, Tseng HH. The Viable Fabrication of Gas Separation Membrane Used by Reclaimed Rubber from Waste Tires. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112540. [PMID: 33143042 PMCID: PMC7693869 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper disposal and storage of waste tires poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. In light of the drawbacks of the current disposal methods for waste tires, the transformation of waste material into valuable membranes has received significant attention from industries and the academic field. This study proposes an efficient and sustainable method to utilize reclaimed rubber from waste tires after devulcanization, as a precursor for thermally rearranged (TR) membranes. The reclaimed rubber collected from local markets was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. The results revealed that the useable rubber in the as-received sample amounted to 57% and was classified as styrene–butadiene rubber, a type of synthetic rubber. Moreover, the gas separation measurements showed that the C7-P2.8-T250 membrane with the highest H2/CO2 selectivity of 4.0 and sufficient hydrogen permeance of 1124.61 GPU exhibited the Knudsen diffusion mechanism and crossed the Robeson trade-off limit. These findings demonstrate that reclaimed rubber is an appealing, cost effective, and sustainable alternative, as a precursor for TR membranes, for application in gas separation. The present approach is useful in the selection of a suitable reclaimed rubber precursor and related membrane preparation parameters, leading to the advancement in the recycling value of waste tires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
| | - Guo-Liang Zhuang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12115) (H.-H.T.)
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12115) (H.-H.T.)
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10
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Wu SL, Chen CM, Kuo JH, Wey MY. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes with controllable diameter by chemical vapor deposition of methane using Fe@Al2O3 core–shell nanocomposites. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Lee JT, Wey MY. PVA/Pt/N-TiO 2/SrTiO 3 porous films with adjustable pore size for hydrogen production under simulated sunlight. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 573:158-164. [PMID: 32278947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/platinum/nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/strontium titanate composite (PVA/Pt/NT/STO) porous films with adjustable pore sizes were successfully synthesized using the facile etching SiO2 method. This enhanced the light transmittance and contact rate between the photocatalyst and solution. The effects of the size and number of the pores on the hydrogen production rate were studied under simulated sunlight. The pore size of the PVA/Pt/NT/STO film increased with increasing particle size of the as-prepared SiO2, and the photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency increased with increasing pore size and number. Due to the formation of pores on the film, the light transmittance and charge separation of the film increased. Owing to the good light transmittance and charge separation of the porous PVA/Pt/NT/STO film, the optimal photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of the PVA/Pt/NT/STO-8S-I-20 reached 34,895 μmol/h/g when the alcohol solvent, synthesis time, and SiO2 concentration were isopropanol, 20 h, and 8 wt%, respectively. Furthermore, the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate was approximately three times higher than that of the dense PVA/Pt/NT/STO film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ting Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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12
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Li WJ, Wey MY. Sintering-resistant, highly thermally stable and well-dispersed Pd@CeO 2/halloysite as an advanced three-way catalyst. Sci Total Environ 2020; 707:136137. [PMID: 31972912 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high thermal stability of halloysite (H)-supported core-shell Pd@CeO2 endowed it with promising catalytic performance and superior sintering resistance as a three-way catalyst. In this work, the synthesis of Pd@CeO2 nanoparticles with various shell thicknesses was performed, and the properties of the shell and support were examined. From the results, the Pd@6CeO2/H catalyst (Ce/Pd = 6) without any pretreatment or activation was achieved with a well-dispersed and optimal shell thickness of Pd@6CeO2 nanoparticles to inhibit sintering and aggregation via electrostatic attractions with halloysite. Moreover, the halloysite support imparted thermal stability for enhanced catalytic stability under long-term and high-temperature reaction conditions compared with Pd@6CZ/H (cerium-zirconium shell) and Pd@6CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts. To further ascertain the electronic effect on halloysite, Pd@6CeO2/H-12 (halloysite solution at pH = 12) was prepared. The results showed that Pd@6CeO2/H-12 enhanced the catalytic activity and decreased the light-off temperature compared with the other studied catalysts, and these results were attributed to the high content of Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies and the strong interaction between Pd@6CeO2 and halloysite, making it a promising three-way catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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13
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Wu SL, Kuo JH, Wey MY. Design of catalysts comprising a nickel core and ceria shell for hydrogen production from plastic waste gasification: an integrated test for anti-coking and catalytic performance. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel core–shell catalyst with high coking resistance ability was applied for hydrogen production from plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Luo Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402
- Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hong Kuo
- Department of Safety
- Health, and Environmental Engineering
- National United University
- Miaoli 360
- Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402
- Republic of China
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14
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Li WJ, Wey MY. Core-shell design and well-dispersed Pd particles for three-way catalysis: Effect of halloysite nanotubes functionalized with Schiff base. Sci Total Environ 2019; 675:397-407. [PMID: 31030146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have described the synthesis of core@shell three-way catalyst with well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles which were intercalated into halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) material via ligand assistance. The prepared parameters of Pd@HNTs catalyst included amine source, the molar ratio of amine and aldehyde, and the addition of CeO2 promoter. As a result, Pd@HNTs performed a good dispersion of Pd particles and high stability, which is attributed to the strong interaction between Pd and HNTs with Schiff base ligands and the high thermal resistance of HNTs as a sintering barrier. Moreover, the results of various characteristic analyses revealed that Pd@HNT-E12 (ethylenediamine: salicylaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:2) exhibited the highest gases conversion to the others, which has excellent redox ability. Furthermore, the addition of CeO2, which acted as both a promoter and a protector, could provide more oxygen vacancies for promoting NO reduction and CO and C3H8 oxidation at gradually elevated temperatures. Such core-shell catalyst Ce@Pd@HNT-E12 could avoid excess CeO2 penetrating into the pore volume of halloysite support and facilitate the three-way catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Lai WH, Zhuang GL, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Creation of tiny defects in ZIF-8 by thermal annealing to improve the CO2/N2 separation of mixed matrix membranes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Su EC, Lee JT, Gong YJ, Huang BS, Wey MY. Photocatalytic conversion of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dissolved in real electroplating wastewater to hydrogen in a solar light-responsive system. Water Sci Technol 2018; 77:2851-2857. [PMID: 30065137 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable and multifunctional photocatalysis-based technology has been established herein for simultaneous hydrogen generation and oxidation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in real electroplating wastewater. When the photocatalyst concentration was 4 g/L and electroplating wastewater pH was 6, optimal adsorptions of EDTA2-, H+, and H2O were observed, while hydrogen generation efficiency reached 305 µmol/(h g). Owing to EDTA oxidation and occupation of the active sites of the photocatalyst by Ni ions or Ni-EDTA chelates, the charge separation and adsorptions of H+ and H2O decreased, reducing hydrogen generation efficiency with time. The lower EDTA and Ni concentrations in treated wastewater showed that photocatalytic conversion of EDTA in real electroplating wastewater to enhance hydrogen generation efficiency can be a practical alternative energy production technology. This study provided a novel idea to enhance the value of electroplating wastewater, to build a hydrogen generation route with no consumption of a valuable resource, and to reduce EDTA and Ni concentrations in electroplating wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Chin Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail:
| | - Ju-Ting Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail:
| | - Yi-Jean Gong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail:
| | - Bing-Shun Huang
- Taiwan Research Institute, 29F, No. 27, Sec. 2, Zhongzheng E. Rd, Tamsui Dist., New Taipei City 251, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C. E-mail:
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Luo Wu
- National Chung Hsing University; Department of Environmental Engineering; 250, Kuo Kuang Rd. 40227 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Ren-Xuan Yang
- National Chung Hsing University; Department of Environmental Engineering; 250, Kuo Kuang Rd. 40227 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- National Chung Hsing University; Department of Environmental Engineering; 250, Kuo Kuang Rd. 40227 Taichung Taiwan
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18
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Zhuang GL, Tseng HH, Uchytil P, Wey MY. Enhancing the CO2 plasticization resistance of PS mixed-matrix membrane by blunt zeolitic imidazolate framework. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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20
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Abstract
An environmentally friendly and sustainable photocatalytic hydrogen production system was successfully developed using EDTA in the wastewater as the photo-excited hole scavenger and a solar light responsive material as the photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Chin Su
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402
- Republic of China
| | | | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung 402
- Republic of China
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21
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Yang RX, Chuang KH, Wey MY. Carbon nanotube and hydrogen production from waste plastic gasification over Ni/Al–SBA-15 catalysts: effect of aluminum content. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04546d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic sites of Ni/Al–SBA-15 catalysts strikingly promoted the activity of carbon nanotubes and H2 production in waste plastic gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Xuan Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung
- Republic of China
| | - Kui-Hao Chuang
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering
- Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taichung
- Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- National Chung Hsing University
- Taichung
- Republic of China
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Su M, Liao C, Chuang KH, Wey MY, Shih K. Cadmium Stabilization Efficiency and Leachability by CdAl4O7 Monoclinic Structure. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:14452-14459. [PMID: 26512873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the stabilization efficiencies of using an aluminum-rich precursor to incorporate simulated cadmium-bearing waste sludge and evaluated the leaching performance of the product phase. Cadmium oxide and γ-alumina mixtures with various Cd/Al molar ratios were fired at 800-1000 °C for 3 h. Cadmium could be crystallochemically incorporated by γ-alumina into CdAl4O7 monoclinic phase and the reaction was strongly controlled by the treatment temperature. The crystal structure details of CdAl4O7 were solved and refined with the Rietveld refinement method. According to the structural refinement results, the stabilization efficiencies were quantified and expressed as a transformation ratio (TR) with optimized processing parameters. The preferred treatment temperature was found to be 950 °C for mixtures with a Cd/Al molar ratio of 1/4, as its TR value indicated the cadmium incorporation was nearly completed after a 3 h treatment scheme. Constant-pH leaching tests (CPLT) were conducted by comparing the leachability of the CdO and CdAl4O7 phases in a pH 4.0 environment. A remarkable reduction in cadmium leachability could be achieved via monoclinic CdAl4O7 structure formation to effectively stabilize hazardous cadmium in the waste stream. The CPLT and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results suggested incongruent dissolution behavior during the leaching of the CdAl4O7 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Su
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changzhong Liao
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kui-Hao Chuang
- Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kaimin Shih
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Tseng HH, Zhuang GL, Lin MD, Chang SH, Wey MY. The influence of matrix structure and thermal annealing-hydrophobic layer on the performance and durability of carbon molecular sieving membrane during physical aging. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Peng TH, Lin CL, Wey MY. Determination of the Pb, Cr, and Cd distribution patterns with various chlorine additives in the bottom ashes of a low-temperature two-stage fluidized bed incinerator by chemical sequential extraction. J Hazard Mater 2015; 295:86-96. [PMID: 25885167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel low-temperature two-stage fluidized bed (LTTSFB) incinerator has been successfully developed to control heavy-metal emissions during municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment. However, the characteristics of the residual metal patterns during this process are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the metal patterns in the different partitions of the LTTSFB bottom ash by chemical sequential extraction. Artificial waste was used to simulate the MSW. Different parameters including the first-stage temperature, chloride additives, and operating gas velocity were also considered. Results indicated that during the low-temperature treatment process, a high metal mobility phase exists in the first-stage sand bed. The main patterns of Cd, Pb, and Cr observed were the water-soluble, exchangeable, and residual forms, respectively. With the different Cl additives, the results showed that polyvinyl chloride addition increased metal mobility in the LTTSFB bottom ash, while, sodium chloride addition may have reduced metal mobility due to the formation of eutectic material. The second-stage sand bed was found to have a lower risk of metal leaching. The results also suggested that, the residual ashes produced by the LTTSFB system must be taken into consideration given their high metal mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Huan Peng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiou-Liang Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wey MY, Tseng HH, Chiang CK. Effect of MFI zeolite intermediate layers on gas separation performance of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Lu CY, Rau JY, Chen JC, Huang ST, Wey MY. Removal of NO and fly ash over a carbon supported catalyst: Effects of fly ash concentration and operating time. POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Tseng HH, Shih K, Shiu PT, Wey MY. Influence of support structure on the permeation behavior of polyetherimide-derived carbon molecular sieve composite membrane. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Kuo JH, Shih K, Lin CL, Wey MY. Simulation of agglomeration/defluidization inhibition process in aluminum–sodium system by experimental and thermodynamic approaches. POWDER TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Huang BS, Chen HY, Kuo JH, Chang CH, Wey MY. Catalytic upgrading of syngas from fluidized bed air gasification of sawdust. Bioresour Technol 2012; 110:670-675. [PMID: 22330594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various gasification temperatures in a fluidized bed gasifier on biomass-derived products and to evaluate the efficiency of syngas upgraded by a secondary catalytic reactor. The results indicated that biomass vaporization was clearly affected by gasification temperature, resulting in the obtained products having different composition ratios. Additionally, the hydrogen promotion ratios were found to be strongly dependent on the condensable products, indicating that the products were upgraded via the use of a catalyst in the secondary reactor. If biomass vaporized at suitable gasification temperatures can produce a large amount of condensable products, the products could be effectively upgraded for hydrogen production by the secondary catalytic reactor under very mild conditions (250°C). Overall, the process not only upgraded hydrogen production, but also degraded contaminants; therefore, its implementation should reduce the cost of operation and pollution control in the biomass-to-energy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Shun Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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31
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Hwang LL, Wey MY, Chen JC. Characteristics and separation efficiencies of PPSU/PEI/PEG blend membranes with different compositions for water treatment. Water Sci Technol 2012; 66:2712-2721. [PMID: 23109590 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the problems and constraints in the application of single organic membranes in wastewater treatment or water reuse processes, different blend membranes were prepared and modified to improve the separation efficiency of humic acids (HAs) and mitigate the fouling problems occurring during water purification. This study extends the results of our previous research and further investigates the relationships between the composition of polyphenylsulfone/polyetherimide/polyethylene glycol (PPSU/PEI/PEG) blend membranes and membrane characteristics and performance. The experimental results showed that the PEI and PEG component ratios of PPSU could significantly affect the blend membrane structure, morphology, and properties. With the increase in PEG concentration, the pore volume, pore size distribution, and permeability of the blend membranes was enhanced. The hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the blend membranes can be modified by changing the PPSU/PEI ratios. The optimum composition of the PPSU/PEI/PEG blend membrane was 35/5/6 wt%, and the corresponding permeability and HAs separation efficiency was 127 Lm⁻²h⁻¹ and 83%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Luen Hwang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Chinese Taiwan
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Abstract
This study evaluates Cu emissions in air-particulate and gas phases during thermal treatment of simulated copper sludge by a rotary kiln. Influences of operating parameters, including treatment temperature (400-700 degrees C), rotary speed (0.89-2.00 rpm) and copper content in sludge (1% to 5% by weight) on copper emissions were investigated. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also conducted to evaluate copper leaching and the surface structure of thermally treated sludge, respectively. The results indicated that (1) low Cu emissions in air-particulate and gas phases were associated with the two operating conditions of 400-500 degrees C at 0.89-1.39 rpm and 600-700 degrees C at 2.00 rpm; (2) temperatures and rotary speeds did not affect gaseous copper emission, except for the operating condition of 400 degrees C at 2.00 rpm; (3) rising copper content of sludge at 600 degrees C and 2.00 rpm increased the particulate copper emission, but not the gaseous copper emission; (5) the TCLP copper leaching concentrations of sludge treated at 400 degrees C were obviously higher than those treated at 500-700 degrees C; however, all of the thermally treated products agreed with the Taiwan EPA TCLP regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Dong Chou
- Department ofEnvironmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan, ROC
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Kuo JH, Lin CL, Wey MY. Effect of alkali concentrations and operating conditions on agglomeration/defluidization behavior during fluidized bed air gasification. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Itta AK, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Fabrication and characterization of PPO/PVP blend carbon molecular sieve membranes for H2/N2 and H2/CH4 separation. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Rau JY, Chen JC, Huang ST, Hung WT, Wey MY. Removals of fly ash and NO in a fluidized-bed reactor with CuO/activated carbon catalysts. J Hazard Mater 2011; 187:190-198. [PMID: 21288639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of fly ash compositions (SiO(2) and Al(2)O(3)), particle sizes (4-10 μm and 40 μm), and concentrations on the simultaneous removals of fly ash and NO using a fluidized-bed catalyst reactor. Experimental results show that the removal efficiencies of fly ash and NO at particle concentrations of 968-11,181 mg m(-3) are 71-97% and 42-57%, respectively. SiO(2) particles have more influences than Al(2)O(3) particles on the performances of fluidized-bed CuO/AC catalyst. As the concentration of fine particle increases, the pores and active sites on catalyst surface are obstructed and therefore the activities of catalysts are depressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yeh Rau
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
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36
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Weng TH, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Effect of SBA-15 texture on the gas separation characteristics of SBA-15/polymer multilayer mixed matrix membrane. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Kuo JH, Lin CL, Wey MY. Mechanisms of particle agglomeration and inhibition approach in the existence of heavy metals during fluidized bed incineration. Chem Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2010.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Chou JD, Lin CL, Wey MY, Chang SH. Effect of Cu species on leaching behavior of simulated copper sludge after thermal treatment: ESCA analysis. J Hazard Mater 2010; 179:1106-1110. [PMID: 20430525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 03/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of thermal treatment on residual copper sludge after separation treatment. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) concentration, pattern distribution and possible Cu species of simulated copper sludge were analyzed. Parameters such as different reaction time and temperature are also discussed in this study. The TCLP leaching results showed that the TCLP concentration of Cu in thermally treated simulated copper sludge decreased (T=900 degrees C) as the reaction time increased to 4 h. The sequential extraction results showed that the main fraction of raw simulated copper sludge was carbonate. When temperatures were 500 and 700 degrees C, the main fraction of thermally treated simulated copper sludge was also carbonate. The percentage of Fe-Mn oxides and residue increased when T=900 degrees C. Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) showed that the possible Cu species of raw simulated copper sludge was Cu(OH)(2). The main possible Cu species of thermally treated simulated copper sludge were CuO and Cu(2)O when T was 500 and 700 degrees C, respectively. CuO, Cu(2)O, and Cu(3)O(2) were the possible Cu species in thermally treated simulated copper sludge when T=900 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Dong Chou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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39
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Lin YH, Tseng HH, Wey MY, Lin MD. Characteristics of two types of stabilized nano zero-valent iron and transport in porous media. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:2260-7. [PMID: 20163828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale zero-valent iron (NZVI) has been shown to be suitable for remediating contaminated aquifers. However, they usually aggregate rapidly and result in a very limited migration distance that inhibits their usefulness. This study employed poly acrylic acid (PAA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to synthesize two types of stabilized styles of NZVI with finer sizes (namely PNZVI and CNZVI). The mobility of stabilized NZVI was also demonstrated on the basis of transport in porous media. The results show that the PNZVI has a uniform particle size of 12 nm. However, tens of CNZVI particles with diameters of 1-3 nm were packed into secondary particles. Both the PNZVI and the CNZVI exhibited amorphous structures, and the stabilizer was bound to particle surfaces in the form of bidentate bridging via the carboxylic group, which could provide both electrostatic and steric repulsion to prevent particle aggregation. This study also proposes presumed stabilized configurations of PNZVI and CNZVI to reasonably illustrate their different dispersed suspension types. On the basis of the breakthrough curves and mass recovery, this study observed that the mobility of PNZVI in classic Ca(2+) concentration of groundwater was superior to CNZVI. Nonetheless, the mobility of CNZVI would be decreased less significantly than PNZVI when encountering high Ca(2+) concentrations (40 mM). Presumably, increasing the pore flow velocity would enhance the mobility of stabilized NZVI. Overall, the results of this study indicate that PNZVI has the potential to become an effective reactive material for in situ groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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40
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Chang SH, Wang KS, Li HC, Wey MY, Chou JD. Enhancement of Rhodamine B removal by low-cost fly ash sorption with Fenton pre-oxidation. J Hazard Mater 2009; 172:1131-1136. [PMID: 19695774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The removal of a basic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), by fly ash adsorption, Fenton oxidation, and combined Fenton oxidation-fly ash adsorption were evaluated. Even though fly ash is a low cost absorbent, a high dose of fly ash was needed to remove RhB. Only 54% of RhB was removed by 80 g L(-1) fly ash. Solution pH did not significantly affect the RhB sorption by fly ash after 8h. Fenton reagents at H(2)O(2) dose of 6 x 10(-3)M and pH 3 rapidly decolorized 97% of RhB within 2 min, and 72% of COD removal was obtained at 30min reaction time. Spectrum analysis result showed that a large area of UV spectrum at 200-400 nm remained after Fenton reaction. The addition of 1gL(-1) fly ash effectively removed COD from Fenton-treated solution, and the UV absorption spectrum at 220-400 nm totally vanished within 2h. COD removal of RhB by the combined Fenton oxidation and fly ash sorption process was 98%. The COD removal capacity of fly ash for Fenton-treated RhB solution was 41.6 times higher than that for untreated RhB solution. The results indicated that the combined process is a potential technique for RhB removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsien Chang
- Department of Public Health, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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Liu KY, Rau JY, Wey MY. Collection of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 particles using a gas-solid fluidized bed filter. J Hazard Mater 2009; 171:102-110. [PMID: 19560863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The filtration of SiO(2), Al(2)O(3) and Fe(2)O(3) particles with average sizes of 4 and 40 microm using a fluidized bed filter at 40 and 300 degrees C was studied. The collection mechanisms, interparticle forces and bounce-off effect between filtered particles and collectors were analyzed to determine their effect on particle filtration. Experimental results showed that the collection efficiency of 4 microm SiO(2) and Al(2)O(3) particles exceeded that of 40 microm particles. Contrarily, the 40 microm Fe(2)O(3) particles were collected more efficiently than the 4 microm particles, because of the differences between the microstructures of SiO(2), Al(2)O(3,) and Fe(2)O(3) particles. The interaction between the particles affected the removal of mixed SiO(2), Al(2)O(3) and Fe(2)O(3). The particle size distribution (PSD) of the particles in the exit was governed by the operating temperature, the original size of the filtered particles, the interparticle force and the hardness of the particles and the collectors. The smallest particles were not those most easily elutriated from the fluidized bed filter because they agglomerated with each other or with large particles. The van der Waal's force dominated the forces between 4 and 40 microm particles. The main collection mechanism for 4 and 40 microm particles was direct interception. The effect of impaction increased with particle size above 40 microm. The strong impaction and bounce-off effect reduced the collection efficiency of 40 microm SiO(2) and Al(2)O(3) particles. However, the strong interparticle force between Fe(2)O(3) particles and collectors contributed to the high collection efficiency of the Fe(2)O(3) particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yu Liu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miao-Li 360, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang FY, Chen JC, Wey MY, Tsai SA. Effects of particulates, heavy metals and acid gas on the removals of NO and PAHs by V2O5-WO3 catalysts in waste incineration system. J Hazard Mater 2009; 170:239-246. [PMID: 19500905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the activities of prepared and commercial V(2)O(5)-WO(3) catalysts for simultaneous removals of NO and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the influences of particulates, heavy metals, SO(2), and HCl on the performances of catalysts. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory-scale waste incineration system equipped with a catalyst reactor. The DREs of PAHs by prepared and commercial V(2)O(5)-WO(3) catalysts were 64% and 72%, respectively. Increasing the particulate concentrations in flue gas suppressed the DRE of PAHs, but increasing the carbon content on surface of catalysts promotes the NO conversions. The DRE of PAHs by the catalysts was significantly decreased by the increased concentrations of heavy metal Cd, but was promoted by high concentration of Pb. The influence level of SO(2) was higher than HCl on the performances of V(2)O(5)-WO(3) catalysts for PAHs removal, but was lower than HCl for NO removal. Prepared and commercial V(2)O(5)-WO(3) catalysts have similar trends on the effects of particulates, heavy metals, SO(2), and HCl. The results of ESCA analysis reveal that the presence of these pollutants on the surface of catalysts did not change the chemical state of V and W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yim Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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43
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Rau JY, Chen JC, Wey MY, Lin MD. Effects of H2O and Particles on the Simultaneous Removal of SO2 and Fly Ash Using a Fluidized-Bed Sorbent/Catalyst Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie900843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yeh Rau
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, HungKuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jyh-Cherng Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, HungKuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, HungKuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Min-Der Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, HungKuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chou JD, Wey MY, Liang HH, Chang SH. Biotoxicity evaluation of fly ash and bottom ash from different municipal solid waste incinerators. J Hazard Mater 2009; 168:197-202. [PMID: 19264394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Different types of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly and bottom ash were extracted by TCLP and PBET procedures. The biotoxicity of the leachate of fly ash and bottom ash was evaluated by Vibrio fischeri light inhibition test. The results indicate the following: (1) The optimal solid/liquid ratio was 1:100 for PBET extraction because it had the highest Pb and Cu extractable mass from MSWI fly ash. (2) The extractable metal mass from both fly ash and bottom ash by PBET procedure was significantly higher than that by TCLP procedure. (3) The metal concentrations of fly ash leachate from a fluidized bed incinerator was lower than that from mass-burning and mass-burning combined with rotary kiln incinerator. (4) The TCLP and PBET leachate from all MSWI fly ash samples showed biotoxicity. Even though bottom ash is regarded as a non-hazardous material, its TCLP and PBET leachate also showed biotoxicity. The pH significantly influenced the biotoxicity of leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Dong Chou
- Department of environmental engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 402 Taiwan, ROC
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45
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Chang FY, Chen JC, Wey MY. Improving the Activity of Rh/Al2O3 Catalyst for NO Reduction by Na Addition in the Presences of H2O and O2. Catal Letters 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-009-0016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lu CY, Tseng HH, Wey MY, Chuang KH, Kuo JH. Evaluating the potential of CNT-supported Co catalyst used for gas pollution removal in the incineration flue gas. J Environ Manage 2009; 90:1884-1892. [PMID: 19203827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 12/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of Cu/Al(2)O(3), Co/Al(2)O(3), Fe/Al(2)O(3), and Ni/Al(2)O(3) catalysts for the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These CNTs were used as support for Co catalyst preparation and Co/CNT catalysts were applied to a catalytic reaction to remove BTEX, PAHs, SO(2), NO, and CO simultaneously in a pilot-scale incineration system. The analyzed results of EDS and XRD showed low metal content and good dispersion characteristics of the Al(2)O(3)-supported catalysts by excess-solution impregnation. FESEM analyzed results showed that the CNTs that were synthesized from Co, Fe, and Ni catalysts had a diameter of 20nm, whereas those synthesized from Cu/Al(2)O(3) had a diameter of 50nm. Pilot-scale test results demonstrated that the Co/CNT catalyst effectively removed air pollutants in the catalytic reaction and that there was no obvious deactivation by Pb, water vapor, and coke deposited in the process. The thermal stabilization at 250 degrees C and hydrophobicity properties of CNTs enhanced the application of CNT catalysts in flue gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Lu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Chou JD, Wey MY, Chang SH. Evaluation of the distribution patterns of Pb, Cu and Cd from MSWI fly ash during thermal treatment by sequential extraction procedure. J Hazard Mater 2009; 162:1000-1006. [PMID: 18614278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash was frequently classified as hazardous materials as the metals' concentration of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) exceeded regulations. Many studies have focused on reducing the concentration of TCLP using thermal treatment and increasing the application of thermally treated slag. However, the metal patterns in MSWI fly ash with or without thermal treatment have seldom been addressed. The main objective of this study was evaluation of the distribution patterns of Pb, Cu and Cd from MSWI fly ash during thermal treatment by sequential extraction procedure. The experimental parameters included the form of pretreatment, the proportion of bottom ash (bottom ash/fly ash, B/F=0, 0.1 and 1) and the retention time. The results indicated that (1) In comparison to raw fly ash, the distribution patterns of Pb, Cu and Cd become stable in thermally treated slag. (2) Washing pretreatment caused the Pb pattern to become stable, while the influence on Cu and Cd were not significant. (3) The distribution patterns of Pb, Cu, and Cd became more stable as the retention time increased. (4) Adding bottom ash could make the distribution patterns of Pb and Cd more stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Dong Chou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Weng TH, Tseng HH, Wey MY. Effects of crosslinking modification on the O 2/N 2separation characteristics of poly(phenyl sulfone)/poly(bisphenol A- co-4-nitrophthalic anhydride- co-1,3-phenylenediamine) blend membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kuo JH, Tseng HH, Rao PS, Wey MY. The prospect and development of incinerators for municipal solid waste treatment and characteristics of their pollutants in Taiwan. Appl Therm Eng 2008; 28:2305-2314. [PMID: 32362764 PMCID: PMC7185678 DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Taiwan is a small, densely populated island with unique experiences in the construction and operation of incinerators. In such a small area, Taiwan has built 22 incinerators over a short span of time, combusting large amount of municipal solid waste as much as 23,250 tons per day. This study focuses on the history of construction and development of incinerators in Taiwan as well as the characteristics of pollutants, such as heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg), acid gases (NO x , SO x , CO, and HCl), and dioxins emitted from the incinerators. Furthermore, the study also covers the generation and composition of municipal solid waste (MSW), and the production of energy in Taiwan. According to Taiwan's data on pollutant emissions, the emission level of pollutants is under control and meets the stringent regulations of Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA). Researches have shown that using air pollution control devices (APCDs) in the operation of incinerators provides effective measures for air pollutant control in Taiwan. The main advantage of using incinerators is the generation of electricity (waste-to-energy) during the incineration of municipal solid waste, producing energy that can be consumed by the general public and the industry. Taiwan's extensive experience in incinerator construction and operation may serve as an example for developing countries in devising waste treatment technology, energy recovery, and the control of contagious viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Kuo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - P. Srinivasa Rao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin MD, Rau JY, Tseng HH, Wey MY, Chu CW, Lin YH, Wei MC, Lee CH. Characterizing PAH emission concentrations in ambient air during a large-scale joss paper open-burning event. J Hazard Mater 2008; 156:223-229. [PMID: 18207636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale open burning of joss paper is an important ritual practice for deity worshipping during Buddhist and Taoist festivals. Since Buddhism and Taoism are two of the most popular religions in Chinese societies and some Asian countries, the impact of joss paper burning on the air quality needs further investigation. This study explores the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air during one of the most important festivals, in which large-scale burning of joss paper occurs in temples and in people's houses. The PAH concentrations were measured simultaneously at a temple site and a background site during both the festival and non-festive (ordinary) periods. Each ambient sample was extracted by the Soxhlet analytical method (for both particle-bound and gas-phase) and analyzed with gas chromatography. Experimental results indicate that the total PAH concentration during the festival period is approximately 4.2 times higher than that during the ordinary period (5384 ng m(-3) vs. 1275 ng m(-3)). This study also employed statistical methods including diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the possible PAH emission sources. Joss paper burning and vehicular emissions are identified as the principal sources of airborne PAHs during the large-scale open-burning event. The results of this work provide useful information for public awareness concerning PAH emission from the open burning of joss paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Der Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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