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Alhalwani AY, Jambi S, Borai A, Khan MA, Almarzouki H, Elsayid M, Aseri AF, Taher NO, Alghamdi A, Alshehri A. Assessment of the systemic immune-inflammation index in type 2 diabetic patients with and without dry eye disease: A case-control study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1954. [PMID: 38698793 PMCID: PMC11063262 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The inflammation plays a role in the pathophysiology of type-2 diabetes progression, and the mechanism remains unclear. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory marker for type 2 diabetes patients and integrates multiple indicators in complete blood counts and routine blood tests. Aim Since there is no international diagnostic standard for dry eye disease (DED), this study uses low-cost inflammatory blood biomarkers to investigate the correlation between SII and DM2-DED and determine the diagnosis indices of other biomarkers in DM2-DED. Methodology A case-control retrospective analysis of totel patients n = 293 randomly selected and categorized into four groups: DED, DM2, DM2-DED, and healthy subjects. Demographic and blood biomarker variables were classified as categorical and continuous variables. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocytes-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and SII were calculated platelet count multiply by NLR and analyzed for their correlation for all groups. Results Focusing on DM2-DED patients was more common in females, 59.6%, than in males, 40.2%. The mean ages were 60.7 ± 11.85 years, a statistically significant difference with all groups. In the study group DM2-DED, there was an increase in all blood markers compared to all remaining groups except PLR. Only neutrophil, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting blood sugar levels were statistically significant differences in DM2-DED patients (p > 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively) compared to all groups. There was a positive correlation between HbA1c and PLR, HbA1c and NLR, and HbA1c and SII (r = 0.037, p = 0.705; r = 0.031, p = 0.754; and r = 0.066, p < 0.501, respectively) in the DM2-DED group. Conclusion This study demonstrated that elevated SII values were linked to elevated HbA1c in DM2-DED patients. The potential of SII and HbA1c as early diagnostic indicators for ocular problems associated with diabetes mellitus is highlighted by their favorable connection in diagnosing DM2-DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Y. Alhalwani
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Shatha Jambi
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Borai
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Anwar Khan
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Hashem Almarzouki
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohieldin Elsayid
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical ResearchKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Nada O. Taher
- College of Science and Health ProfessionsKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alghamdi
- Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
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Borai A, Ichihara K, Bahijri S, Alsofyani A, Elsayid M, Husain H, Boraie S, Sannan N, Kalantan Z, Jan M, Gassas M, Harbi M, Alrowaili N, Almohammadi M, Zarif H, Qurashi M. Establishment of reference interval for hemoglobin A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions for healthy Saudi adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300028. [PMID: 38527010 PMCID: PMC10962850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of Reference Intervals (RIs) for Hemoglobin A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions (A1A, A1B, F, LA1C, A0) is of utmost importance in screening, diagnosing, and monitoring diabetes and other hemoglobin abnormalities through the application of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Because there are no locally established RIs for these parameters, it is essential to establish RIs specific to the Saudi population to accurately diagnose and monitor diabetic individuals and identify abnormal levels in hemoglobin subfractions. METHODS As part of the IFCC global multicenter study of laboratory reference values, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia. The study involved recruiting a total of 381 healthy adult subjects (>18 years, BMI 28.3 ± 6 kg/m2). Blood samples were analyzed for A1C, biochemical and other immunoassay parameters. The need for RIs based on sex, age, and BMI was determined using the standard deviation ratio (SDR) through a 3-level nested ANOVA. RESULTS Based on the threshold of SDR≥0.4, RIs for A1C and other Hb subfractions were not partitioned by sex or BMI, but partitioned by age (<45 & ≥45 years) for A1C, LA1C, A0 and F. Spearman's correlation between glucose, insulin, and C-peptide showed a positive association with different hemoglobin subtractions of A1B, F, A1C, and LA1C. The RIs were obtained by using the parametric method and the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) principle was applied on A1C. CONCLUSION This study established RIs for A1C and other Hb subfractions for healthy adult Saudis. Age was found to be an important source of variation for most of the parameters including A1C. These findings will enhance the understanding and clinical decision-making concerning A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions. The elevated upper limit of RIs for A1C reflects the high prevalence of diabetes in the Saudi population specially in those with increased age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Borai
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiyoshi Ichihara
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Suhad Bahijri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry–Faculty of Medicine- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alsofyani
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohieldin Elsayid
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Husain
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultanah Boraie
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Sannan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Kalantan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majdi Jan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Gassas
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Harbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Almohammadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawazen Zarif
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Qurashi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia
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Sannan NS, Elsayid M, Alsharif G, Ramadan M, Alhalwani AY, Qahwaji RM, Arbaeen A, Aalam WA, Alqahtani AS, Talat K. Correlation Between C-Reactive Protein and Lipid Analytes in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Retrospective Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e51935. [PMID: 38333436 PMCID: PMC10851810 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date few studies have investigated the correlation between inflammatory markers and lipoproteins in the serum of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients, often reporting conflicting findings. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between lipid analytes and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in individuals diagnosed with dry AMD. METHODS A standard clinical lipid panel (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and low-density lipoproteins) and CRP laboratory results were retrospectively collected from the medical records of patients with dry AMD and age- and sex-matched controls. RESULTS The study included 90 patients with dry AMD and 270 patients without AMD. In univariate analysis, CRP showed a higher mean value in cases than in controls. After adjusting for age and sex, CRP and triglyceride levels showed significant differences between cases and controls. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between CRP and HDL levels in the dry AMD group (n=90). Other lipid analytes showed no significant correlations with CRP. CONCLUSION Our findings add to the growing body of evidence linking inflammation to AMD. Although it is unclear whether changes in serum CRP and triglyceride levels are the causes or effects, monitoring both analytes may be beneficial as an early disease predictor, especially in individuals with a family history of AMD. The negative correlation between CRP and HDL (i.e., inflammation and good cholesterol) may be targeted for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif S Sannan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mohieldin Elsayid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ghadi Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Majed Ramadan
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amani Y Alhalwani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Rowaid M Qahwaji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ahmad Arbaeen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Waseem A Aalam
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdullah S Alqahtani
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Karim Talat
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
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Borai A, Ichihara K, Bahijri S, Almasoud A, Tamimi W, Abdulhadi W, Lingga J, Bawazeer A, Abdelaal M, Boraie S, Alsofyani A, Elsayid M, Sannan NS, Al-Shareef AS, Khan E, Almohammadi M. Establishment of reference intervals for hematological parameters of adult population in the western region of Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281494. [PMID: 36753498 PMCID: PMC9907849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of hematology laboratories in Saudi Arabia utilize the reference intervals (RIs) provided by instrument manufacturers. This study aimed to define RIs of hematological parameters for adult population in the western region of Saudi Arabia and to explore their specific features from an international perspective. METHOD This study was conducted according to the harmonized protocol of IFCC Committee on RIs and Decision Limits. Blood samples collected from 409 healthy Saudi males and females adults were analyzed for complete blood count (CBC) by using Cell-Dyn Sapphire analyzer and for iron profile by using Architect analyzers. The needs for RIs partitioned by sex and age was based on standard deviation ratio (SDR) and/or bias ratio (BR). RIs were derived parametrically with/without application of the latent abnormal values exclusion method (LAVE). RESULTS Based on thresholds of SDR≥0.4 and/or BR≥0.57, RIs were partitioned by sex for red-blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell distribution width, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, iron, transferrin, ferritin, eosinophil, platelet, plateletcrit, etc. Partitioning by age was not necessary for any of the analytes. LAVE procedure caused appreciable changes in RI limits for most erythrocyte and iron parameters but not for leukocyte parameters. Comparable to other non-IFCC studies on CBC RIs, the RBC and hematocrit (Ht) ranges have shifted to a higher side in both genders. After applying the LAVE method, the male and female RIs for Hb were 4.56 to 6.22 ×106/μL and 3.94 to 5.25 ×106/μL respectively while RIs for Ht were 40.2 to 52.0% and 33.6 to 44.5% respectively. CONCLUSION LAVE method contributed to reducing the influence of latent anemia in deriving RIs for erythrocyte related parameters. Using the up-to-date methods, the RIs of CBC determined specifically for Saudis will help to improve the interpretation of test results in medical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Borai
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Kiyoshi Ichihara
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Suhad Bahijri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry–Faculty of Medicine- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Almasoud
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Tamimi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wail Abdulhadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamil Lingga
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Bawazeer
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdelaal
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultanah Boraie
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alsofyani
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohieldin Elsayid
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S. Sannan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Al-Shareef
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Khan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almohammadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Bkheit AI, Abdalla AM, Elsayid M, Altayeb HN, Alla ABA. Detection of Exon 10 Mutation (rs6020) in Factor V Gene in Sudanese patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2500709/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a subgroup of venous thromboembolism (VTE), is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, accounting for 60,000-100,000 fatalities per year. It affects around 0.1 percent of the population each year. In Sudanese patients with DVT, this study looked for probable harmful single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 10 of the factor V gene.
Method:
Thirty blood samples were obtained from previously diagnosed DVT patients at Omdurman teaching hospital throughout the period of 16 August to 25 October 2018, as part of a descriptive cross-sectional research in Khartoum state. Exon 10 was amplified by PCR using sequence-specific primers after DNA was extracted using the guanidine chloride procedure. The fifteen best bands' PCR products were sequenced in both directions (BGI Company). Bioinformatics techniques were used to examine the sequences (Finch TV, BLAST, and Codon Code alignment).
Result:
The presence of a missense mutation (rs6020) in the factor V Leiden gene was discovered in 40% (6/15) of the patients in this investigation. In five cases, this mutation was heterozygous, whereas in one patient, it was homozygous. In the other nine cases, no mutations were found.
Conclusion:
rs6020 is more prevalent in the Sudanese population than other types of mutations. rs6020 polymorphism has a strong association with deep vein thrombosis in the Sudanese population. Further investigation of this mutation amongst larger Sudanese population is required in order to support this finding as well as to understand its clinical significance.
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Altayb H, Altayeb N, Hamadalnil Y, Elsayid M, Mahmoud N. The current situation of COVID-19 in Sudan. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 37:100746. [PMID: 32837731 PMCID: PMC7431359 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health concern with rapid growth in the number of patients with significant mortality rates. The first case in Sudan was reported on 13 March 2020, and up to 3 July 2020 there are 9894 confirmed cases and 616 deaths. The case fatality rate was 6.23%. There is variation in case fatality rate (CFR), which in some cities (like Khartoum) was low (3.8%), but in others (like North Darfur) it was very high (31.7%). The government of Sudan has implemented preventive measures during the current coronavirus disease pandemic, such as partial lockdown, contact monitoring, risk communication, social distance, quarantine and isolation to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, there are new community cases every day; this could be as a result of the weak application of these measures by the government, and the lack of commitment of people to these measures. The number of COVID-19 cases is currently decreasing in Sudan, but we are expected to see an increase in numbers of cases as a result of the massive demonstrations that occurred in Sudan recently, and as a result of the expected reopening and restoration of normal life. The government must increase testing facilities, and maintain social distancing and necessary precautions to limit the spread of infection after life returns to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.M.E. Altayeb
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Y. Hamadalnil
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nile University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - M. Elsayid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.E. Mahmoud
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratories Sciences, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
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Qureshi S, Alotibi R, Alharbi E, Aljuhani B, Alamri B, Elsayid M, Alhawiti N, Hussain F, Almohareb F, Colcol C. The frequency and spectrum of HBB gene mutation in β-Thalassemia patients in Saudi Arabia. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_62_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ahmed AE, Ali YZ, Al-Suliman AM, Albagshi JM, Al Salamah M, Elsayid M, Alanazi WR, Ahmed RA, McClish DK, Al-Jahdali H. The prevalence of abnormal leukocyte count, and its predisposing factors, in patients with sickle cell disease in Saudi Arabia. J Blood Med 2017; 8:185-191. [PMID: 29123434 PMCID: PMC5661844 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s148463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction High white blood cell (WBC) count is an indicator of sickle cell disease (SCD) severity, however, there are limited studies on WBC counts in Saudi Arabian patients with SCD. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of abnormal leukocyte count (either low or high) and identify factors associated with high WBC counts in a sample of Saudi patients with SCD. Methods A cross-sectional and retrospective chart review study was carried out on 290 SCD patients who were routinely treated at King Fahad Hospital in Hofuf, Saudi Arabia. An interview was conducted to assess clinical presentations, and we reviewed patient charts to collect data on blood test parameters for the previous 6 months. Results Almost half (131 [45.2%]) of the sample had abnormal leukocyte counts: low WBC counts 15 (5.2%) and high 116 (40%). High WBC counts were associated with shortness of breath (P=0.022), tiredness (P=0.039), swelling in hands/feet (P=0.020), and back pain (P=0.007). The mean hemoglobin was higher in patients with normal WBC counts (P=0.024), while the mean hemoglobin S was high in patients with high WBC counts (P=0.003). After adjustment for potential confounders, predictors of high WBC counts were male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=3.63) and patients with cough (aOR=2.18), low hemoglobin (aOR=0.76), and low heart rate (aOR=0.97). Conclusion Abnormal leukocyte count was common: approximately five in ten Saudi SCD patients assessed in this sample. Male gender, cough, low hemoglobin, and low heart rate were associated with high WBC count. Strategies targeting high WBC count could prevent disease complication and thus could be beneficial for SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar E Ahmed
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra Z Ali
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Majid Al Salamah
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohieldin Elsayid
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wala R Alanazi
- Al-Maarefa College for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Donna K McClish
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Hamdan Al-Jahdali
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Elsayid M, Al Qahtani FS, Al Qarni AM, Almajed F, Al Saqri F, Qureshi S. Determination of the frequency of the most immunogenic Rhesus antigens among Saudi donors in King Abdulaziz Medical City - Riyadh. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2017; 8:56-59. [PMID: 28250675 PMCID: PMC5320824 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.198361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Rhesus (Rh) blood group system is one of the most polymorphic and immunogenic systems known in humans, because of its immunogenicity along with ABO grouping, RhD antigen testing was made mandatory before issuing a compatible blood. At present, there are five major antigens, i.e., D, C, E, c, and e in Rh blood group system. AIMS The aim of this study is to provide essential data about the distribution of the major Rh antigens and the most common phenotype among the Saudi population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study to evaluate the Rh grouping and Rh sub-groups performed among some donors who donated blood or blood products at the department of donation center at King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014. Sample size included 600 donors. Donors are males and females and their ages are above 18 years. RESULTS The incidence of RhD was 84.8% and only 15.2% of samples were negative for D antigen. The Incidence of other Rh antigens C, E, c, and e were 62.3%, 23.5%, 74.3%, and 95.0%, respectively. The most common phenotype among RhD positive donors was DCcee (28.7%) and among RhD negative donors was dccee (13.7%). However, three donors (0.5%) were negative for antithetical antigens C and c. CONCLUSION This study shows that there is a wide racial and geographical variation in the distribution of Rh antigens and phenotypes among study participants. The Rh blood group system has a vital role in population genetic study and in resolving medical legal issues and more importantly in transfusion medicine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohieldin Elsayid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Saeed Al Qahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Mohammed Al Qarni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Almajed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Saqri
- Department of Transfusion Medicine Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoeb Qureshi
- Department of Research, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Elsayid M, Al-Shehri MJ, Alkulaibi YA, Alanazi A, Qureshi S. Frequency distribution of sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait and sickle/beta-thalassemia among anemic patients in Saudi Arabia. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2015; 6:S85-8. [PMID: 26604627 PMCID: PMC4630771 DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.166093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Notwithstanding, the growing incidence of sickle cell hemoglobinopathies (SCH) such as sickle cell anemia (SCA) or sickle cell disease, sickle/beta-thalassemia; the exact prevalence remains obscure in Saudi Arabia. Hence, this study is an attempt to determine the frequency of SCA and sickle cell trait (SCT) among all anemic patients with SCH treated at the King Abdul-Aziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the hemoglobin (Hb) S and other Hb patterns (Hb AS and Hb F) were also estimated in SCA and SCT patients. Materials and Methods: Results of Hb capillary electrophoresis performed on all patients with SCH from January 2011 to December 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Of a total of 3332 patient data analyzed, 307 were anemic patients (58% males and 42% females) with SCH. The sickling test showed all the patients to be positive. Hb electrophoresis revealed the incidence of 96.7%, 3.3%, and 0% of the patients suffered from SCA, SCT and sickle/beta-thalassemia, respectively. Patients with SCA had a higher level of Hb F and showed no crisis when compared with other SCA patients who had lower or no Hb F levels. Conclusion: SCA is relatively frequent among males (56.4%) than females out of all patients with SCH. The SCA incidence was more common (48.5%) among children, frequency of SCT among adult age group was 1.6%, while sickle/beta-thalassemia was 0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohieldin Elsayid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Jahman Al-Shehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Abdullah Alkulaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alanazi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoeb Qureshi
- Department of Research Methodology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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