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Mahmood T, Sarfraz RM, Mahmood A, Salem-Bekhit MM, Ijaz H, Zaman M, Akram MR, Taha EI, Sahu RK, Benguerba Y. Preparation, In Vitro Characterization, and Evaluation of Polymeric pH-Responsive Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Release. ACS Omega 2024; 9:10498-10516. [PMID: 38463273 PMCID: PMC10918657 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the current research is to formulate a smart drug delivery system for solubility enhancement and sustained release of hydrophobic drugs. Drug solubility-related challenges constitute a significant concern for formulation scientists. To address this issue, a recent study focused on developing PEG-g-poly(MAA) copolymeric nanogels to enhance the solubility of olmesartan, a poorly soluble drug. The researchers employed a free radical polymerization technique to formulate these nanogels. Nine formulations were formulated. The newly formulated nanogels underwent comprehensive tests, including physicochemical assessments, dissolution studies, solubility evaluations, toxicity investigations, and stability examinations. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) investigations confirmed the successful encapsulation of olmesartan within the nanogels, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies verified their thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed the presence of pores on the surface of the nanogels, facilitating water penetration and promoting rapid drug release. Moreover, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies indicated that the prepared nanogels exhibited an amorphous structure. The nanogel carrier system led to a significant enhancement in olmesartan's solubility, achieving a remarkable 12.3-fold increase at pH 1.2 and 13.29-fold rise in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 (NGP3). Significant swelling was observed at pH 6.8 compared to pH 1.2. Moreover, the formulated nexus is nontoxic and biocompatible and depicts considerable potential for delivery of drugs and protein as well as heat-sensitive active moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mahmood
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rai M. Sarfraz
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria
Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad R. Akram
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ehab I. Taha
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram K. Sahu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan
Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras Campus, Tehri Garhwal 249161, India
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire
de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LPBT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif 19000, Algeria
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Elbarbary NK, Abdelmotilib NM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Salem MM, Singh S, Dandrawy MK. Antibacterial efficiency of apple vinegar marination on beef-borne Salmonella. Open Vet J 2024; 14:274-283. [PMID: 38633164 PMCID: PMC11018434 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella-related foodborne illnesses are a significant public health concern. Naturally, antibacterial food components have been shown to limit microbial growth proliferation with various degrees of efficacy. Aims To examine the occurrence, microbial load, and effect of apple vinegar on Salmonella serovars in beef and beef products. Methods 150 beef and beef products were collected between March and May 2022. Total viable count (TVC), Enterobacteriaceae count (ENT), isolation and identification of Salmonella, and their virulence factors detection by multiplex PCR were determined, and an experimental study of the effect of natural apple vinegar marination on Salmonella spp. Results TVC was higher in meatballs (3.32 × 106 ± 1.07 × 106) while beef burgers (4.22 × 103 ± 0.71 × 103) had the highest ENT. Concerning the prevalence of Salmonella spp., meatball (46.7%) and beef burger (25.3%) samples were the highest contamination rate. The common serovars detected were Salmonella typhimurium (6%), Salmonella enteritidis (6%), and Salmonella infantis (4%). Based on the results of PCR, 12, 11, and 11 out of 18 samples of Salmonella isolates possess hila, stn, and invA genes. By immersing the inoculated steak meat in apple vinegar at different concentrations (50%, 70%, and 100%), the initial populations of the Salmonella strains after 12 hours were reduced to 0.38 × 102 ± 0.05 × 102 log CFU/ml; however, after 48 hours become the most reduction (0.31 × 102 ± 0.07 × 102 log CFU/ml) at a concentration of 100% apple vinegar. An enhancement in the sensory attributes was noted across all concentrations. Conclusion The consumed beef and beef products are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. Marinades made using apple vinegar concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% effectively minimized the prevalence of artificially inoculated Salmonella and extended the shelf life of preserved refrigerated beef products to 48 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nady Khairy Elbarbary
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Neveen M. Abdelmotilib
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-CITY), New Borg El-Arab City, Egypt
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Salem
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Soumya Singh
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohamed K. Dandrawy
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Benakli Y, Khenchouche A, Rabea S, Mansour AA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Taha EI, Salem MM, Singh S, Ould Ouali K, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Characterizing EBV-associated Gastric Carcinoma (EBVaGC): A deep dive into LMP1 expression patterns. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:217-224. [PMID: 38158662 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.13.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious public health issue due to its frequency and severity. It is, for both sexes, one of the most common causes of cancer-related death and is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Recent data show that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in different histopathological subtypes of gastric carcinoma and that EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) represents about 10% of all cases. Moreover, the LMP1 protein characterizing the malignant transformation of cells in several cancer models seems to be very rarely expressed in this type of cancer. This study aimed to characterize EBVaGC in our population by detecting LMP1 in gastric carcinomas in about 30 selected patients. The results showed that in our population, nuclear staining predominates, showing that the antrum remains the most sampled site both for these pathologies and for LMP1 positivity (nuclear staining). In general, the LMP1 marking was negative for 22.58%, positive with a nuclear predominance at 64.52%, nuclear and cytoplasmic at 12.90%, and no positive marking for the cytoplasm. Results were not like the different studies on the expression of this oncogenic protein without EBVsCG, probably finding an explanation in the fact that our country is among the endemic regions for this herpes virus. In conclusion, the rate of LMP1 expression among gastric carcinomas does not seem similar to that observed in other countries. This study characterizing EBVaGC in Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria, reinforces the need for further studies to clarify the role of EBV (LMP1) and to explore its potential value as a predictive biomarker for the development of this type of cancer pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Benakli
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry of Biotechnology (LABAB), University Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Abdelhalim Khenchouche
- Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1, Sétif 19000, Algeria.
| | - Sameh Rabea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. College of Pharmacy. AlMAAREFA University, Diriyah 13713 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahd A Mansour
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 2537, Jeddah 21461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ehab I Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. College of Pharmacy. AlMAAREFA University, Diriyah 13713 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed M Salem
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Soumya Singh
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Karima Ould Ouali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry of Biotechnology (LABAB), University Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria.
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry of Biotechnology (LABAB), University Mouloud Mammeri Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
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Gouadfel K, Khenchouche A, Rabea S, Mansour AA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Ouhida S, Msela A, Salem MM, Erto A, Benguerba Y, Houali K. The potential role of Epstein-Barr Virus in breast cancer development. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:241-249. [PMID: 38158663 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.13.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We are looking into viral components that may contribute to breast cancer in order to find possible therapeutic targets. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which has been found to cause nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt lymphoma, is thought to play a role in breast cancer. Our series' patients had a median age of 49, with nearly half being under the age of 49. T2 tumors (two to five centimeters in size) make up the vast majority of our collection (60%). Six percent of our patients showed lymph node involvement, with roughly the same number in the N1 and N2 stages (41.17% each). Only 17.64% of people are at the N3 stage. SBR II tumors were the most common (90%). Only 20% of patients have HER2 overexpression, whereas 73.33% have ER expression. EBV was found in 23.33% of breast carcinomas (7 cases/30) after oncoprotein LMP1 expression, but normal surrounding tissues tested negative. We discovered that overexpression of the HER2 protein is inversely related to the two HRs' expression. They have no relationship with EBV infection and, consequently, LMP1 expression. LMP1 expression was not shown to be linked with patient age, tumor grade, tumor size, or lymph node invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahina Gouadfel
- Laboratoire LABAB. Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Abdelhalim Khenchouche
- Département de microbiologie, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Université F.A. Sétif 1, Algeria.
| | - Sameh Rabea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. College of Pharmacy. AlMAAREFA University, Diriyah 13713 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahd A Mansour
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 2537, Jeddah 21461, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soraya Ouhida
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie pathologie. CHU Saadna Abdenour, Sétif, Algeria.
| | - Amine Msela
- Laboratoire LABAB. Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Mohamed M Salem
- Faculty of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Alessandro Erto
- Dipartiment odi Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materialie della Produzione Industriale,Università degli Studidi Napoli FedericoII, P.leTecchio, 80,80125 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LPBT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria.
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratoire LABAB. Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
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Jia Y, Chen F, Yan T, Zhang S, Salem MM, Singh S, Salem-Bekhit MM, Kumar SK, Ali MM. Influence of environmental risk factors on the development of wounds associated with squamous cell carcinoma. Int Wound J 2023; 21:e14506. [PMID: 38010070 PMCID: PMC10898377 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is on the rise, making it a significant global health concern. Environmental risk factors are crucial to the development of SCC. This study sought to examine comprehensively the impact of these factors on the onset of SCC. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 480 participants at Beijing tertiary care hospital. Utilizing structured questionnaires, data on demographics, environmental exposures, medical history and clinical characteristics were collected. The cohort was composed of 272 men (56.67%) and 208 women (43.33%). The majority (44.38%) were between ages of 41 and 60, and Type III skin predominated (34.79%). Most of the participants belonged to the middle socioeconomic class (60.83%). 'Vegetarian' dietary habits (46.67%) were prevalent, as was the 'Sedentary' lifestyle (49.79%). Regarding environmental exposures, moderate sun exposure of 3 to 5 h per day (54.58%) and UV protective eyewear (30.83%) were prevalent. The majority (69.58%) of respondents indicated 'Never' exposure to carcinogens. A variety of wound characteristics were observed, with 'non-smokers' (64.17%) dominating. Most SCC lesions were located on the extremities (40.21%), lasted less than 6 months (44.38%) and measured 1-3 cm (39.79%). The majority (54.58%) did not have a history of cutaneous injuries. Our research uncovered substantial relationships between SCC and numerous environmental variables, gender, Fitzpatrick skin type, occupation, duration of sun exposure, exposure to carcinogens, dietary practices, history of skin wounds, wound location, duration, size and depth were significantly associated with the onset of SCC. These results highlighted the complexity of SCC aetiology and need for individualized prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Jia
- Beauty Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchao Chen
- Beauty Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Yan
- Beauty Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siya Zhang
- Beauty Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mohamed M Salem
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Soumya Singh
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay Kirshan Kumar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Bahria University Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mehr Ali
- Department of Basic Sciences, Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Elkolli H, Elkolli M, Ataya FS, Salem-Bekhit MM, Zahrani SA, Abdelmageed MWM, Ernst B, Benguerba Y. In Vitro and In Silico Activities of E. radiata and E. cinerea as an Enhancer of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:7153. [PMID: 37894631 PMCID: PMC10609132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus, a therapeutic plant mentioned in the ancient Algerian pharmacopeia, specifically two species belonging to the Myrtaceae family, E. radiata and E. cinerea, were investigated in this study for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study used aqueous extracts (AE) obtained from these plants, and the extraction yields were found to be different. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay against three typical bacterial strains. The results showed that the two extracts were effective against all three strains. Both extracts displayed significant antioxidant activity compared to BHT. The anti-inflammatory impact was evaluated using a protein (BSA) inhibition denaturation test. The E. radiata extract was found to inhibit inflammation by 85% at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, significantly higher than the Aspirin. All phytoconstituents present good pharmacokinetic characteristics without toxicity except very slight toxicity of terpineol and cineol and a maximum binding energy of -7.53 kcal/mol for its anti-TyrRS activity in silico. The study suggests that the extracts and their primary phytochemicals could enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, antioxidants, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). As pharmaceutical engineering experts, we believe this research contributes to developing natural-based drugs with potential therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Elkolli
- Laboratory of Multiphasic Polymeric Materials, Départment of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria;
| | - Meriem Elkolli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria;
| | - Farid S. Ataya
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sami Al Zahrani
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mostafa W. M. Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Barbara Ernst
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Separation Processes (RePSeM), CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, ECPM 25 Becquerel Road, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratory of Biopharmacy and Pharmacotechnics (LPBT), University of Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif 19000, Algeria
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Messaoudi O, Benamar I, Azizi A, Albukhaty S, Khane Y, Sulaiman GM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Hamdi K, Ghoummid S, Zoukel A, Messahli I, Kerchich Y, Benaceur F, Salem MM, Bendahou M. Characterization of Silver Carbonate Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Marine Actinobacteria and Exploring of Their Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:536. [PMID: 37888471 PMCID: PMC10608482 DOI: 10.3390/md21100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to different antimicrobial agents is growing with alarming speed, especially when bacterial cells are living in biofilm. Hybrid nanoparticles, synthesized through the green method, hold promise as a potential solution to this challenge. In this study, 66 actinomycete strains were isolated from three distinct marine sources: marine sediment, the algae Codium bursa, and the marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis. From the entirety of the isolated strains, one strain, S26, identified as Saccharopolyspora erythrea, was selected based on its taxonomic position and significant antimicrobial activity. Using the biomass of the selected marine Actinobacteria, the green synthesis of eco-friendly silver carbonate nanoparticles (BioAg2CO3NPs) is reported for the first time in this pioneering study. The BioAg2CO3NPs were characterized using different spectroscopic and microscopic analyses; the synthesized BioAg2CO3NPs primarily exhibit a triangular shape, with an approximate size of 100 nm. Biological activity evaluation indicated that the BioAg2CO3NPs exhibited good antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms and were able to remove 58% of the biofilm formed by the Klebsiella pneumoniae kp6 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Messaoudi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food and Environment, Abou Bekr Belkaïd University, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria;
| | - Ibrahim Benamar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food and Environment, Abou Bekr Belkaïd University, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria;
| | - Ahmed Azizi
- Department of The Common Trunk Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Amar Telidji, Highway Ghardaia, P.O. Box G37 (M’kam), Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan 62001, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Yasmina Khane
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Ghardaia, BP455, Ghardaia 47000, Algeria;
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kaouthar Hamdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Sirine Ghoummid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Abdelhalim Zoukel
- Laboratory Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Laghouat University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria;
- Center for Scientific and Technical Research in Physicochemical Analysis (PTAPC-Laghouat-CRAPC), Laghouat 03000, Algeria
| | - Ilhem Messahli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Yacine Kerchich
- École Nationale Polytechnique (ENP), Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, El Harrach 16200, Algeria;
| | - Farouk Benaceur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (O.M.); (I.B.); (K.H.); (S.G.); (I.M.); (F.B.)
- Research Unit of Medicinal Plant (RUMP) Attached to Center of Biotechnology (CRBt, 3000, Constantine), Laghouat 03000, Algeria
| | - Mohamed M. Salem
- College of Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Mourad Bendahou
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food and Environment, Abou Bekr Belkaïd University, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria;
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Zafar N, Mahmood A, Ilyas S, Ijaz H, Muhammad Sarfraz R, Mahdi WA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Ibrahim MA, Benguerba Y, Ernst B. Novel Natrosol/Pectin-co-poly (acrylate) based pH-responsive polymeric carrier system for controlled delivery of Tapentadol Hydrochloride. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101671. [PMID: 37484541 PMCID: PMC10362361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives This study aimed to create a controlled delivery system for Tapentadol Hydrochloride by developing interpenetrating networks (IPNs) of Natrosol-Pectin copolymerized with Acrylic Acid and Methylene bisacrylamide, and to analyze the effects of various ingredients on the physical and chemical characteristics of the IPNs. Methods Novel Tapentadol Hydrochloride-loaded Natrosol-Pectin based IPNs were formulated by using the free radical polymerization technique. Co-polymerization of Acrylic Acid (AA) with Natrosol and Pectin was performed by using Methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). Ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as the initiator of crosslinking process. The impact of ingredients i.e. Natrosol, Pectin, MBA, and Acrylic Acid on the gel fraction, porosity, swelling (%), drug loading, and drug release was investigated. FTIR, DSC, TGA, SEM and EDX studies were conducted to confirm the grafting of polymers and to evaluate the thermal stability and surface morphology of the developed IPNs. Results Swelling studies exhibited an increase in swelling percentage from 84.27 to 91.17% upon increasing polymer (Natrosol and Pectin) contents. An increase in MBA contents resulted in a decrease in swelling from 85 to 67.63%. Moreover, the swelling was also observed to increase with higher AA contents. Significant drug release was noted at higher pH instead of gastric pH value. Oral toxicological studies revealed the nontoxic and biocompatible nature of Natrosol-Pectin IPNs. Interpretation & Conclusion The developed IPNs were found to be an excellent system for the controlled delivery of Tapentadol Hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - Sehar Ilyas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | | | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LPBT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria
| | - Barbara Ernst
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Laboratoire de Reconnaissance et Procédés de Séparation Moléculaire (RePSeM), ECPM 25 rue Becquerel, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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Salem-Bekhit MM, Riad OKM, Selim HMRM, Tohamy STK, Taha EI, Al-Suwayeh SA, Shazly GA. Box-Behnken Design for Assessing the Efficiency of Aflatoxin M1 Detoxification in Milk Using Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1667. [PMID: 37629525 PMCID: PMC10456063 DOI: 10.3390/life13081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk contaminated with aflatoxin can lead to liver cancer. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a serious animal feed contaminant, is transformed into Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and secreted in milk. In this study, a biological method using probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), was used to assess their antiaflatoxigenic effect in animal milk. A Box-Behnken design was used to establish the optimal ratio of L. rhamnosus and S. cerevisiae, incubation time, and temperature for efficient AFM1 detoxification from milk. To achieve this, the primary, interaction, and quadratic effects of the chosen factors were investigated. To investigate the quadratic response surfaces, a second-order polynomial model was built using a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design. The quantity of AFM1 was detected by the ELISA technique. The results of these experiments obtained an optimum condition in AFM1 detoxification of the three tested factors in order to maximize their effect on AFM1 detoxification in milk. The model was tested in three highly contaminated milk samples to assure the efficacy of the model. AFM1 detoxification was up to 98.4% in contaminated milk samples. These promising results provide a safe, low-cost, and low-time-consuming solution to get rid of the problem of milk contamination with AFM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia Karem M. Riad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (O.K.M.R.); (S.T.K.T.)
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (O.K.M.R.); (S.T.K.T.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Maarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally Tohamy Kamal Tohamy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; (O.K.M.R.); (S.T.K.T.)
| | - Ehab I. Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.I.T.); (S.A.A.-S.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Saleh A. Al-Suwayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.I.T.); (S.A.A.-S.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (E.I.T.); (S.A.A.-S.); (G.A.S.)
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10
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Khenchouche A, Salem-Bekhit MM, Mansour AA, Alomary MN, Wang X, Alzahrani HA, Hosiny IMA, Taha EI, Shazly GA, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Suppression of Nasopharyngeal and Gastric Tumor Growth in a Mouse Model by Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus LMP1 Protein. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1712. [PMID: 37512884 PMCID: PMC10383785 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of anti-LMP1 antibodies in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal and stomach cell lines and xenograft models. The study also examined the NF-κB expression and cell cycle activation of NPC-serum-exosome-associated LMP1. Anti-LMP1 antibody treatment before or during cell implantation prevented tumor growth in nude mice. A small dose of antibodies resulted in complete tumor regression for at least three months after the tumors had grown in size. The consumption of antigen-antibody complexes by tumor cells limited tumor growth. In vitro experiments showed that anti-LMP1 antibodies killed EBV-positive NPC- or GC-derived epithelial cell lines and EBV-positive human B-cell lines but not EBV-negative cell lines. Treatment with anti-LMP1 reduced NF-κB expression in cells. The animal model experiments showed that anti-LMP1 inhibited and prevented NPC- or GC-derived tumor growth. The results suggest that LMP1 antibody immunotherapy could cure nasopharyngeal cancer, EBV-positive gastric carcinoma, and EBV-associated lymphomas. However, further validation of these findings is required through human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhalim Khenchouche
- Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1, Sétif 19000, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, FRE3011, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahd A Mansour
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 2537, Jeddah 21461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N Alomary
- Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, FRE3011, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Hayat Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 73211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Al Hosiny
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Ehab I Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LPBT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, FRE3011, CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Analytique et Biotechnologie (LABAB), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
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11
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Reddy SM, Karmankar SB, Alzahrani HA, Hadap A, Iqbal A, Alenazy R, Salem-Bekhit MM, Jain B. Bioinspired Synthesis of Zinc Molybdate Nanoparticles: An Efficient Material for Growth Inhibition of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Dye Remediation. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:1287325. [PMID: 38623482 PMCID: PMC11018371 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1287325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc molybdate nanoparticles with molybdate are synthesized through green method with different salt precursors using Moringa oleifera leaf extract. Those nanoparticles had structural, vibrational, and morphological properties, which were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The crystalline size of synthesized zinc molybdate was 24.9 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) clearly showed the attachment of molybdate with ZnO. The synthesized nanomaterial was also characterized through UV-visible spectroscopy which had 4.40 eV band gap energy. Those nanoparticles were also characterized via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA) and photoluminance spectroscopy (PL). ZnMoO4 had photocatalytic property via methylene blue dye. After 190 minutes, the dye changed to colourless from blue colour. The degradation efficiency was around 92.8%. It also showed their antibacterial effect via Escherichia coli and Staphylococcusaureus bacterial strains. In the presence of light and air, nanoparticles of ZnMoO4 inhibit the growth of cells of E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains because of ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation. Because of the formation of singlet oxygen (O2∗-), hydrogen oxide radical (-OH∗), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ZnMoO4 showed photodegradation reaction against aq. solution of methylene blue dye at 6 pH with constant time interval. With time, the activity of ZnMoO4 also decreased because of the generation of a layer of hydrogen oxide (-OH) on nanomaterial surface, which could be washed with ethanol and distilled water. After drying, the catalytic Zinc molybdate nanoparticles could be reused again in the next catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Machindra Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Gramin (Arts,Commerce & Science) Mahavidyalaya, Vasantnagar (M.S.) 431 715, Kotgyal, India
| | - Smita Badur Karmankar
- Department of Chemistry, IPS Academy, Institute of Engineering and Science, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452012, India
| | - Hayat Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arti Hadap
- Mukesh Patel School of Technology,Management & Engineering, NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
| | - Rawaf Alenazy
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Shaqra, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhawana Jain
- Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Autonomous College, Durg 491001, India
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12
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Moualek I, Lahcene S, Salem-Bekhit MM, Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Bariz K, Msela A, Sebbane H, Park HK, Jeon BH, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Assessment of the Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Aqueous Extract of Rosa sempervirens Leaves. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:214-222. [PMID: 37300666 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.3.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of an aqueous natural extract obtained from Rosa sempervirens leaves were assessed. The ability of the extract to scavenge DPPH, •OH, and H2O2 radicals, chelate ferrous ions, reduce ferric ions, and protect β-carotene-linoleic acid in emulsion from peroxidation was investigated in vitro. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by measuring the stability of the membrane of human red blood cells against different hypotonic concentrations of NaCl and heat, as well as by inhibiting the denaturation of albumin. A high total phenolic content (278.38± 11.07 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (34.22± 0.12 mg QE /g) were found in the extract. The extract exhibited significant scavenging activity of DPPH (IC50 6.201 ± 0.126 µg/ ml), •OH (IC50 = 894.57 ± 21.18 µg/ml), and H2O2 (IC50= 107±09.58 µg/ml) radicals, and good antioxidant activity by chelating ferrous ions (IC50 = 2499.086 ± 28.267µg/ml), reducing ferric ions (IC50=141.33±2.34 µg/ml), exhibiting total antioxidant capacity (IC50 465.65 ± 9.71 μg/ml), and protecting β-carotene-linoleic acid against peroxidation (I% = 90.05 ± 1.65% at 1000µg/ml). R. sempervirens displayed anti-inflammatory activity in aqueous extract by inhibiting heat-induced albumin denaturation and stabilizing the membrane of human red blood cells. It was suggested from the results that R. sempervirens aqueous extract could help prevent oxidative and inflammatory processes due to its good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idir Moualek
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Souad Lahcene
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Karim Bariz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Amine Msela
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Hillal Sebbane
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif, Algeria.
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
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Bariz K, Trabelsi L, Lahcene S, Salem-Bekhit MM, Elossaily GM, Ali Alzahrani H, Alharbi OO, Abbaci M, Abbaci H, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Evaluating the Synergistic Potency of Essential Oils and Antibiotics Against Klebsiella pneumoniae BLSE Strains. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:198-206. [PMID: 37300667 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) continues to pose huge therapeutic challenges in the treatment of infections, primarily urinary infections, due to its multidrug resistance to antibiotics. Therefore, there is a need for research on this topic to investigate ways to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance, identify novel therapeutic approaches to treat these infections and gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) of Thymus algeriensis, Syzygium aromaticum, and Eucalyptus globulus and assess their activity against K. pneumoniae ESBL strains, as well as the interaction type between these EOs and antibiotics used for the treatment of K. pneumoniae ESBL infections. The composition of the EOs was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity of EOs was tested using the disc diffusion and liquid microdilution methods. The type of interaction between EOs and antibiotics was studied using the agar disk diffusion and chessboard methods. The analysis of the EO of T. algeriensis showed that the main compounds were thymol (23.14%), linalool (18.44%), and p-cymene (16.17%). The main constituents of EO of E. globulus were eucalyptol (54.29%), α-pinene (17.32%), aromadendrene (7.02%), and pinocarveol (6.32%). As for the EO of S. aromaticum, the major constituents were eugenol (80.46%) and eugenol acetate (16.23%). Results of the activity tests showed that all three EOs were active against the tested strains, with inhibition diameters ranging from 7.39±0.44mm to 32.4±1.05mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) varying from 2 to 441.5±5.66 mg/ml. A synergistic interaction was obtained between amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and T. algeriensis EO against two strains of K. pneumoniae ESBL. These results demonstrate the potential of our EOs to inhibit multi-resistant pathogenic ESBL strains, as well as their synergistic interaction with antibiotics used in therapy, which could be an alternative to the use of antibiotics alone in treatment to fight against these multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Bariz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Lamia Trabelsi
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies. Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Souad Lahcene
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gehan M Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 13713 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hayat Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar O Alharbi
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Hocine Abbaci
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la nature et de la Vie, Université A/Mira Bejaia, Algérie.
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LPBT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria.
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
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Lahcene S, Trabelsi L, M Salem-Bekhit M, Shazly GA, Mohammed Refat M Selim H, Mohammed Alehaidib S, Sebbane H, Msela A, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Anti-leishmanial activities of Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei extracts. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:207-213. [PMID: 37300665 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.3.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that is often fatal in affected patients and represents a major public health problem. At present, no vaccine is available, and the drug treatments used are costly, long, and have numerous side effects, they also present variable effectiveness, frequent relapses, and a more and more marked resistance towards the parasites. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed, and they are mainly based on the research of active natural products. The objective of our study is the chemical characterization and the quantification of the polyphenol contents contained in the EAF and EAT extracts of the Laperrine olive tree and the evaluation of their antileishmania effect against Leishmania infantum. The quantification of polyphenols, flavonoids and total tannins shows a higher content in the leaf extract. We find respectively 776.76±30.64 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DR; 114.35±14.12 mg quercetin equivalent/g DR and 214.89±.17 mg tannic acid equivalent/g DR.The chemical characterization of Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei extracts show the presence of numerous antileishmanial biomolecules such as oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, rutin, gallic acid, cafeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and quercetin.In this context, we are testing the in vitro leishmanicidal effect of Laperrine olive tree extracts. The results obtained are promising and highlight the effectiveness of the tested extracts against the promastigote form of Leishmania infantum. Indeed, the LD50 is obtained with the leaf extract at a concentration of 7.52±2.71 µl/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Lahcene
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Lamia Trabelsi
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies. Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gamal A Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls); Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
| | | | - Hillal Sebbane
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Amine Msela
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif, Algeria.
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LABAB), Faculty of Biological Sciences and Agronomic Sciences. Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
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Abbaci H, Nabti EH, Al-Bekairi AM, Hagras SAA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Adjaoud A, Alzahrani HA, Bensidhoum L, Alenazy R, Piras A, Falconieri D, Porcedda S, Benguerba Y, Houali K. Comparative Bioactivity Evaluation of Chemically Characterized Essential Oils Obtained from Different Aerial Parts of Eucalyptus gunnii Hook. f. (Myrtaceae). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062638. [PMID: 36985610 PMCID: PMC10053293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydro-distillation from different parts of twigs (EOT), leaves (EOL), and fruits (EOF) of Eucalyptus gunnii Hook. f. were screened for their chemical composition, insecticidal, repellence, and antibacterial properties. Based on GC and GC/MS analysis, 23 constituents were identified across the twigs, leaves, and fruits, with 23, 23, and 21 components, respectively. The primary significant class was oxygenated monoterpenes (82.2–95.5%). The main components were 1,8-cineole (65.6–86.1%), α-terpinyl acetate (2.5–7.6%), o-cymene (3.3–7.5%), and α-terpineol (3.3–3.5%). All three EOs exhibited moderate antibacterial activities. EOL was found to have higher antibacterial activity against all tested strains except Dickeya solani (CFBP 8199), for which EOT showed more potency. Globally, Dickeya solani (CFBP 8199) was the most sensitive (MIC ≤ 2 mg/mL), while the most resistant bacteria were Dickeya dadantii (CFBP 3855) and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (CFBP 5387). Fumigant, contact toxicity, and repellent bioassays showed different potential depending on plant extracts, particularly EOT and EOL as moderate repellents and EOT as a medium toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hocine Abbaci
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - El-hafid Nabti
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | | | - Soheir A. A. Hagras
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Inaya Medical Colleges, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Egypt
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdenour Adjaoud
- Département des Sciences Biologiques de l’Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Hayat Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 73211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leila Bensidhoum
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Rawaf Alenazy
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Shaqra, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandra Piras
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Danilo Falconieri
- Technical Institute “Michele Giua”, Via Montecassino, 09134 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Porcedda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif 19000, Algeria
- Correspondence:
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée et Biotechnologies (LABAB), Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Mouloud MAMMERI de Tizi-Ouzou, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
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Al-Saleem MSM, Al-Wahaibi LH, El-Gamal AA, Al-Massarani SM, Siddiqui NA, Basudan OA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Abdel-Kader MS, El-Gamal RA, Abdel-Mageed WM. Chemical constituents from Centaurothamnus maximus and their antimicrobial activity. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:693-701. [PMID: 35608190 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2079123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new sesquiterpene lactone, 3β,10α-dihydroxy-10β-(hydroxymethyl)-8α-(4-hydroxymethacrylate)-1αH,5αH,6βH,7αH-guai-4(15), 11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (1), along with twenty-one known compounds, were identified from the aerial parts of Centaurothamnus maximus. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Compounds (2, 3, 5‒13 and 15‒22) were identified from C. maximus for the first time. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the isolated compounds were tested using the agar disc diffusion method. Compounds that demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity were evaluated for their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results showed that compounds 3 and 7 were the most effective antibacterial compounds against B. subtilis ATCC 6633, S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. pyogenes ATCC 27736, with MIC estimates between 8 and 32 mg/mL. In addition, compound 2 exhibited the strongest antifungal activity against C. albicans ATCC 14243 and C. krusei ATCC 14243 with MIC 8 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera S M Al-Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Mansoura University, El Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shaza M Al-Massarani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer A Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Reem A El-Gamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Mansoura University, El Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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17
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Aleanizy FS, Taha EI, Salem-Bekhit MM, Felimban AMJ, Al-Suwayeh SA, Al-Joufi FA, Muharram MM, Alqahtani FY, Shakeel F, Youssof AME, Bayomi M, Abouelela AEF. Formulation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of surfactant-stabilized mucoadhesive nanogels for vaginal delivery of fluconazole. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1935-1942. [PMID: 35537065 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2070760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant-stabilized mucoadhesive nanogels (NGs) for vaginal delivery of fluconazole (FLZ) were studied and evaluated in this work. FLZ-NG formulations were prepared using two different types of mucoadhesive polymers, Carbopol 934 (Ca934) and Pluronic F-127 (PF127). A rheology study revealed a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic flow behavior (shear thinning) in the prepared NGs. The viscosity of Ca934 NG (0.47 Pa s) was much lower compared to the PF127 NG (6.10 Pa s). The rheology study results correlated well with the in vitro FLZ release profile from the NG formulations. A pH study (pH = 3.90-4.90) revealed that the formulations were physiologically suitable for vaginal application, to avoid the irritation of the vaginal mucosa. Finally, in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial tests were performed. FLZ incorporated into the Ca934 gel had the strongest antimicrobial effect, with a mean inhibition zone of 24 ± 1.6 mm. Based on these results, it was concluded that the mucoadhesive NG incorporating FLZ resulted in a sustained release and enhanced antimicrobial effect, which would enhance and prolong the therapeutic effects of vaginally delivered FLZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab I Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa M J Felimban
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Al-Suwayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhria A Al-Joufi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy M Muharram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fulwah Y Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M E Youssof
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen Bayomi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal E F Abouelela
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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18
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Haq N, Alanazi FK, Salem-Bekhit MM, Rabea S, Alam P, Alsarra IA, Shakeel F. Greenness estimation of chromatographic assay for the determination of anthracycline-based antitumor drug in bacterial ghost matrix of Salmonella typhimurium. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2022; 26:100642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2022.100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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19
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Rabea S, Yassin AS, Mohammed AF, Salem-Bekhit MM, Alanazi FK, Esmail EA, Moneib NA, Hashem AEM. Immunological characterization of the chemically prepared ghosts of Salmonella Typhimurium as a vaccine candidate. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:72. [PMID: 35180858 PMCID: PMC8855557 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial ghosts are the evacuated bacterial cellular membranes from most of the genetic and protein contents which preserved their surface characters. Recently, bacterial ghosts exploited for different biomedical applications, for instance, vaccination. The purpose of this study is to measure the immunogenic protective response of bacterial ghosts of Salmonella Typhimurium in animals and to allow future testing this response in humans. The immunologic response was qualitatively, quantitatively, and functionally measured. We have measured the humoral and cellular immune responses, such as immunoglobulins elevation (IgG), increased granulocytes, serum antibacterial activity, clearance of virulence in feces and liver, and the survival rate. RESULTS The bacterial ghosts' vaccine was able to protect 100% of subcutaneously vaccinated rats and 75% of adjuvant subcutaneously vaccinated rats. The lowest survival rate was in the orally vaccinated group (25%). The maximum level of serum IgG titers, as well as serum and feces bactericidal activity (100% eradication), was exhibited in the subcutaneously vaccinated group with adjuvant vaccines followed by the subcutaneously vaccinated one. Additionally, the highest granulocytes' number was observed in the adjuvant vaccine subcutaneously immunized group. The bacterial load in liver homogenate was eliminated in the subcutaneously vaccinated rats after the virulence challenge. CONCLUSIONS The bacterial ghosts of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium that prepared by Tween 80 Protocol showed an effective vaccine candidate that protected animals, eliminated the virulence in feces and liver. These findings show that chemically induced bacterial ghosts of Salmonella Typhimurium can be a promising vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Rabea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah, 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aymen S Yassin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11652, Egypt
| | - Aly Fahmy Mohammed
- The International Center for Advanced Researchers (ICTAR-Egypt), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Amin Esmail
- The Holding Company for Production of Vaccines, Sera And Drugs (VACSERA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayera A Moneib
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11652, Egypt
| | - Abd Elgawad M Hashem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, 11837 - P.O. Box 43, Egypt
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20
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Al-Joufi FA, Setia A, Salem-Bekhit MM, Sahu RK, Alqahtani FY, Widyowati R, Aleanizy FS. Molecular Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer with an Emphasis on Recent Advances in Biomarkers, as Well as Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:169. [PMID: 35010119 PMCID: PMC8746463 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious disease that affects millions of people throughout the world, despite considerable advances in therapy. The formation of colorectal adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas is the consequence of a succession of genetic and epigenetic changes in the normal colonic epithelium. Genetic and epigenetic processes associated with the onset, development, and metastasis of sporadic CRC have been studied in depth, resulting in identifying biomarkers that might be used to predict behaviour and prognosis beyond staging and influence therapeutic options. A novel biomarker, or a group of biomarkers, must be discovered in order to build an accurate and clinically useful test that may be used as an alternative to conventional methods for the early detection of CRC and to identify prospective new therapeutic intervention targets. To minimise the mortality burden of colorectal cancer, new screening methods with higher accuracy and nano-based diagnostic precision are needed. Cytotoxic medication has negative side effects and is restricted by medication resistance. One of the most promising cancer treatment techniques is the use of nano-based carrier system as a medication delivery mechanism. To deliver cytotoxic medicines, targeted nanoparticles might take advantage of differently expressed molecules on the surface of cancer cells. The use of different compounds as ligands on the surface of nanoparticles to interact with cancer cells, enabling the efficient delivery of antitumor medicines. Formulations based on nanoparticles might aid in early cancer diagnosis and help to overcome the limitations of traditional treatments, including low water solubility, nonspecific biodistribution, and restricted bioavailability. This article addresses about the molecular pathogenesis of CRC and highlights about biomarkers. It also provides conceptual knowledge of nanotechnology-based diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches for malignant colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhria A. Al-Joufi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aseem Setia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University, Raipur 492015, India
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar 788011, India
| | - Fulwah Y. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
| | - Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
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21
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Sarhan RM, Harb HS, Abou Warda AE, Salem-Bekhit MM, Shakeel F, Alzahrani SA, Madney YM, Boshra MS. Efficacy of the early treatment with tocilizumab-hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab-remdesivir in severe COVID-19 Patients. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:116-122. [PMID: 34764044 PMCID: PMC8562044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of the best combination between different antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs stills an interest in the treatment of COVID19 infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective randomized cohort study comprised 108 adult patients with confirmed PCR COVID 19 infection with systemic hyper inflammation state, divided into two groups according to the treatment regimen, 56 in the tocilizumab- hydroxychloroquine (TCZ-HCQ) treatment, and 52 in the tocilizumab-remdesivir (TCZ-RMV) treatment. The first group received a combination of I.V. TCZ (400-800 mg every 24 h for only two doses) and HCQ (400 mg twice in the first day then 200 mg twice for 5 days) while the second group of patients received I.V. RMV of 200 mg on day 1 followed by 100 mg once daily infused over 60 min for 5 days with the same TCZ regimen used in the first group. All clinical parameters and laboratory investigations were assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS The CRP was significantly decreased while PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio post-treatment was significantly improved in both treatment groups. TCZ-HCQ group showed a significant decrease in the ferritin, LDH, and D. Dimer levels. The median days of hospitalization with interquartile range (IQR) were 10 (6-16) and 8 (5-12) for TCZ-HCQ and TCZ-RMV groups, respectively. The numbers of mechanically ventilated patients were 25 and 43 for TCZ-HCQ and TCZ-RMV groups, respectively. Therapeutic failure was about 26.8% in the TCZ-HCQ group and 30.8% in the TCZ-RMV group but there was no significant difference between both groups. Some complications were recognized only in TCZ-RMV following treatment including secondary bacterial infections (42.3%), myocarditis (15.4%), and finally pulmonary embolism (7.7%). CONCLUSION Efficacy of both TCZ-RMV and TCZ-HCQ combinations are observed in the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients; however the increased need for ICU or mechanical ventilation in the TCZ-RMV arm contributed to the appearance of cardiac and thrombotic events. The study was registered at the Clinical Trials registry (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04779047).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Sarhan
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer S Harb
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abou Warda
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin M Madney
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
| | - Marian S Boshra
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
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22
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Salem-Bekhit MM, Youssof AME, Alanazi FK, Aleanizy FS, Abdulaziz A, Taha EI, Amara AAAF. Bacteria from Infectious Particles to Cell Based Anticancer Targeted Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1984. [PMID: 34959266 PMCID: PMC8706210 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are empty cell envelopes of nonliving evacuated bacterial cells. They are free from their cytoplasmic contents; however, they sustain their cellular 3D morphology and antigenic structures, counting on bioadhesive properties. Lately, they have been tested as an advanced drug delivery system (DDS) for different materials like DNA, peptides, or drugs, either single components or combinations. Different studies have revealed that, BG DDS were paid the greatest attention in recent years. The current review explores the impact of BGs on the field of drug delivery and drug targeting. BGs have a varied area of applications, including vaccine and tumor therapy. Moreover, the use of BGs, their synthesis, their uniqueness as a delivery system and application principles in cancer are discussed. Furthermore, the safety issues of BGs and stability aspects of using ghost bacteria as delivery systems are discussed. Future perspective efforts that must be followed for this important system to continue to grow are important and promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. E. Youssof
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
| | - Alsuwyeh Abdulaziz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab I. Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.Y.); (F.K.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.A.); (E.I.T.)
| | - Amro Abd Al Fattah Amara
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
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23
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Hagras SAA, Hosny AEDMS, Helmy OM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Shakeel F, Farrag HA. Effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of cefepime on biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Can J Microbiol 2021; 67:894-901. [PMID: 34731576 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of cefepime at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on in vitro biofilm formation (BF) by clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The effect of cefepime at sub-MIC levels (½-1/256 MIC) on in vitro BF by six clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa was phenotypically assessed following 24 and 48 h of challenge using the tissue culture plate (TCP) assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to observe the change in expression of three biofilm-related genes, namely, a protease-encoding gene (lasA), fimbrial protein-encoding gene (cupA1), and alginate-encoding gene (algC), in a weak biofilm-producing strain of P. aeruginosa following 24 and 48 h of challenge with sub-MICs of cefepime. The BF morphology in response to cefepime was imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The TCP assay showed strain-, time-, and concentration-dependent changes in in vitro BF in P. aeruginosa following challenge with sub-MICs of cefepime, with a profound increase in strains with inherently no or weak biofilm-producing ability. RT-PCR revealed time-dependent upregulation in the expression of the investigated genes following challenge with ½ and ¼ MIC levels, as confirmed by SEM. Cefepime at sub-MICs could upregulate the expression of BF-related genes and enhance BF by P. aeruginosa clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheir A A Hagras
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.,Inaya Medical Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa El-Dien M S Hosny
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya M Helmy
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A Farrag
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Sahu RK, Salem-Bekhit MM, Bhattacharjee B, Almoshari Y, Ikbal AMA, Alshamrani M, Bharali A, Salawi A, Widyowati R, Alshammari A, Elbagory I. Mucormycosis in Indian COVID-19 Patients: Insight into Its Patho-Genesis, Clinical Manifestation, and Management Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1079. [PMID: 34572661 PMCID: PMC8468123 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucormycosis in patients who have COVID-19 or who are otherwise immunocompromised has become a global problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Infection is debilitating and fatal, leading to loss of organs and emotional trauma. Radiographic manifestations are not specific, but diagnosis can be made through microscopic examination of materials collected from necrotic lesions. Treatment requires multidisciplinary expertise, as the fungus enters through the eyes and nose and may even reach the brain. Use of the many antifungal drugs available is limited by considerations of resistance and toxicity, but nanoparticles can overcome such limitations by reducing toxicity and increasing bioavailability. The lipid formulation of amphotericin-B (liposomal Am-B) is the first-line treatment for mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients, but its high cost and low availability have prompted a shift toward surgery, so that surgical debridement to remove all necrotic lesions remains the hallmark of effective treatment of mucormycosis in COVID-19. This review highlights the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and management of mucormycosis in patients who have COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (R.K.S.); (R.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar 788011, India
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Bedanta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India;
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Meshal Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Alakesh Bharali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Azara, Hatkhowapara, Guwahati 781017, India;
| | - Ahmad Salawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (Y.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; (R.K.S.); (R.W.)
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Elbagory
- College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia;
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Rabea S, Yassin AS, Mohammed AF, Salem-bekhit MM, Alanazi FK, Esmail EA, Moneib NA, Hashem AEM. Immunological Characterization of the Chemically Prepared Ghosts of Salmonella Typhimurium as a Vaccine Candidate.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-669084/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to measure the immunogenic protective response of bacterial ghosts of Salmonella typhimurium in animals. Accordingly, the researchers will be able to do further clinical trials and confirm the efficiency of bacterial ghosts in human vaccination. The targets to be measured are humoral immune response: immunoglobulins elevation (IgG), cellular immune response: granulocytes increment; serum antibacterial activity; success the faeces and liver virulence challenge and High survival rates.Results: The BG vaccine was able to protect 100% of BG subcutaneously vaccinated rats and 75% of BG-adjuvant subcutaneously vaccinated rats. The lowest survival rate was in the BG orally vaccinated group (25%). The maximum level of serum IgG titers as well as serum and faeces bactericidal activity (100% eradication) was exhibited in the subcutaneously vaccinated group with BG-adjuvant followed by the BG subcutaneously vaccinated one. Additionally, the highest granulocytes’ number was observed in the BG-adjuvant subcutaneously immunized group. The bacterial load in liver homogenate eliminated in the subcutaneously vaccinated rats by BG after virulence challenge. Conclusions: The bacterial ghosts of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium that prepared by tween 80 protocol showed an effective vaccine candidate that protected animals, eliminated the virulence in faeces and liver. These findings suggest that chemically induced bacterial ghosts of Salmonella typhimurium can be a promising vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, King Saud University
| | - Eman Amin Esmail
- The Holding Company for production of vaccines, sera and drugs (VACSERA)
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Alam P, Salem-Bekhit MM, Al-Joufi FA, Alqarni MH, Shakeel F. Quantitative analysis of cabozantinib in pharmaceutical dosage forms using green RP-HPTLC and green NP-HPTLC methods: A comparative evaluation. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2021; 21:100413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2021.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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Rabea S, Alanazi FK, Ashour AE, Salem-Bekhit MM, Yassin AS, Moneib NA, Hashem AEM, Haq N. Salmonella-innovative targeting carrier: Loading with doxorubicin for cancer treatment. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1253-1262. [PMID: 33132719 PMCID: PMC7584810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell- based targeted delivery is recently gain attention as a promising platform for delivery of anticancer drug in selective and efficient manner. As a new biotechnology platform, bacterial ghosts (BGs) have novel biomedical application as targeted drug delivery system (TDDS). In the current work, Salmonellas' BGs was utilized for the first time as hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in-vitro targeted delivery system. Successful BGs loading and accurate analysis of doxorubicin (DOX) were necessary steps for testing the applicability of DOX loaded BGs in targeting the liver cancer cells. Loading capacity was maximized to reach 27.5 µg/mg (27.5% encapsulation efficiency), by incubation of 10 mg BGs with 1 mg DOX at pH 9 in constant temperature (25 °C) for 10 min. In-vitro release study of DOX loaded BGs showed a sustained release (182 h) obeying Higuchi sustained kinetic release model. The death rate (tested by MTT assay) of HepG2 reached to 64.5% by using of 4 μg/ml, while it was about 51% using the same concentration of the free DOX (P value < 0.0001 One-way ANOVA analysis). The proliferative inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the DOX combined formula was 1.328 µg/ml that was about one third of the IC50 of the free DOX (3.374 μg/ml). Apoptosis analysis (tested by flow-cytometry) showed more accumulation in early apoptosis (8.3%) and late apoptosis/necrosis (91%) by applying 1 μg/ml BGs combined DOX, while 1 μg/ml free DOX showed 33.4% of cells in early apoptosis and 39.3% in late apoptosis/necrosis, (P value˃ 0.05: one-way ANOVA). In conclusion, DOX loaded Salmonellas' BGs are successfully prepared and tested in vivo with promising potential as hepatocellular cancer (HCC) targeted delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Rabea
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Maarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelkader E. Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota Campus, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aymen S. Yassin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Nayera A. Moneib
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Abd Elgawad M. Hashem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, P.O. Box 43, Egypt
| | - Nazrul Haq
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alanazi FK, Alsuwyeh AA, Haq N, Salem-Bekhit MM, Al-Dhfyan A, Shakeel F. Vision of bacterial ghosts as drug carriers mandates accepting the effect of cell membrane on drug loading. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1716-1725. [PMID: 32893682 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1820039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of bacterial ghosts (BGs) for drug delivery is an extremely fascinating perspective especially with the inherited efficient target-ability to specialized tissues. Trafficking of drug molecules across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are important to be understood for both loading (influx) and drug release (efflux). In this study, Escherichia coli (E. coli) BGs were prepared using modified protocol sponge-like reduced protocol (SLRP) which was used for loading of doxorubicin (DOX). First time in the literature, different possible factors affecting DOX loading from BGs were examined in this study. These factors including drug concentration, temperature, pH gradient, incubation time and tonicity, are proposed to effect on drug loading into E. coli BGs. Results of optimum effect from accompanied factors were found to be 10 mg/mL as DOX concentration at pH 6 with tonicity of 0.7% incubated overnight at 4 °C. After gather all factors, the amount of DOX loaded inside the BGs was recorded as 37.58%. The in vitro release studies of DOX loaded BGs over time showed a burst initial release rate of 26.75% at the first 12 h followed by a period of sustained release lasting for 16 days to give maximum release rate of 58.04%. Remarkably, DOX loaded in BG showed more apoptosis (55%) than control and DOX solution. Overall, the results indicated the presence of some important factors to be controlled when loading drugs into BGs. Also, data showed the future possibility of utilizing BGs to deliver DOX to colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fars K Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Alsuwyeh
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazrul Haq
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Al-Dhfyan
- Stem Cell Therapy Program, King Faisal Specialized Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Joufi FA, Aljarallah KM, Hagras SA, Al Hosiny IM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Youssof AME, Shakeel F. Microbial spectrum, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and biofilm formation of diabetic foot infections (2014-18): a retrospective multicenter analysis. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:325. [PMID: 32656058 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study identifies the risk factors, microbiological properties, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, mortality, and clinical complications associated with organisms causing diabetic foot infections (DFIs) with or without antibiotic treatment using data from a retrospective multicenter surveillance. Specimens collected from different hospitals were cultured and the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) excretion was estimated. The antibacterial susceptibility pattern and biofilm formation were completed along with the recommended standard methods. Overall, 792 diabetic foot patients (DFPs) were enrolled and a total of 1803 causative organisms were isolated. Polymicrobial infection was identified in 48.5% of the patients. The isolated Gram-positive pathogens (46.7%) were higher than Gram-negative (38.6%) or anaerobes (7.9%). The predominant pathogens were S. aureus (22.2%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (7.7%), Enterococcus spp. (12.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.4%), E. coli (7.9%), Klebsiella spp. (7.5%), Proteus mirabilis (8.9%), coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) (6.6%), anaerobic organisms (5.9%), and fungi (2.3%). Vancomycin and clindamycin exhibited no activity against Gram-positive bacteria. However, meropenem and imipenem displayed high activity against the Gram-negative isolates. Out of the 765 tested strains, 251 showed moderate (15.8%) to high (34%) level biofilm-producing phenotype. DFIs were widespread among the diabetic patients with different microbial etiology and the major organisms were aerobic organisms. Our findings may provide an insight into the development of appropriate therapeutic strategies for the management of DFIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalid M Aljarallah
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soheir A Hagras
- Inaya Medical Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- NCRRT, EAEA, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Al Hosiny
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M E Youssof
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Harisa GI, Sherif AY, Youssof AM, Alanazi FK, Salem-Bekhit MM. Bacteriosomes as a Promising Tool in Biomedical Applications: Immunotherapy and Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:168. [PMID: 32514657 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriosomes are a member of cell-derived vesicles that are proposed as promising tools in diagnosis, therapy, and drug delivery. These vesicles could be derived from a virus, bacterial cells, and animal cells. Biotechnology techniques were used in bioengineering of cell-derived vesicles in vitro, and in vivo. Bacterial vesicles such as bacterial cells, bacterial ghost, or bacteriosomes are vesicular structures derived from bacteria produced by manipulation of bacterial cells by chemical agents or gene-mediated lysis. Subsequently, bacterial vesicles (bacteriosomes) are non-living, non-denatured bacterial cell envelopes free of the cytoplasm and genetic materials. Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria are exploited in the production of bacteriosomes. Bacteriosomes have instinct organs, tissues, cells, as well as subcellular tropism. Moreover, bacteriosomes might be used as immunotherapy and/or drug delivery shuttles. They could act as cargoes for the delivery of small drugs, large therapeutics, and nanoparticles to the specific location. Furthermore, bacteriosomes have nature endosomal escaping ability, hence they could traffic different bio-membranes by endocytosis mechanisms. Therefore, bacterial-derived vesicles could be used in therapy and development of an innovative drug delivery systems. Consequently, utilizing bacteriosomes as drug cargoes enhances the delivery and efficacy of administered therapeutic agents. This review highlighted bacteriosomes in terms of source, engineering, characterization, applications, and limitations.
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AlQahtani SA, Harisa GI, Badran MM, AlGhamdi KM, Kumar A, Salem-Bekhit MM, Ahmad SF, Alanazi FK. Nano-erythrocyte membrane-chaperoned 5-fluorouracil liposomes as biomimetic delivery platforms to target hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2019; 47:989-996. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1577887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed A. AlQahtani
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin I. Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Badran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. AlGhamdi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Youssof AME, Alanazi FK, Salem-Bekhit MM, Shakeel F, Haq N. Bacterial Ghosts Carrying 5-Fluorouracil: A Novel Biological Carrier for Targeting Colorectal Cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:48. [PMID: 30617674 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are non-deformed bacterial cell envelopes that possess undamaged external configurations for precise attachment to different cells of the human body. The Escherichia coli BGs were successfully produced using a modified sponge-like reduced protocol and characterized by SEM. Four different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were used to study the impact on the "ghosts" cell wall. 5-FU was then loaded into the BGs and the loading capacity (LC %) and entrapment efficiency (EE %) were determined and were found to be 38.3 ± 0.8 and 76.6 ± 0.8, respectively. The in vitro release studies were conducted in dialysis bags over a time period of 16 days and the accumulative 5-FU released (%) was calculated. Overall, 69.2% of the ghost-associated 5-FU was released from the BGs and release from the E. coli ghosts is governed by non-Fickian diffusion. The Caco-2 cell line was used to investigate the cytotoxicity of 5-FU-loaded BGs.
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Rabea S, Salem-Bekhit MM, Alanazi FK, Yassin AS, Moneib NA, Hashem AEM. A novel protocol for bacterial ghosts' preparation using tween 80. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:232-237. [PMID: 30166921 PMCID: PMC6111193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial ghosts (BGs) can be prepared by both genetic and chemical means. Genetic method include using lysis gene E. Chemical method include incubation with numerous agents for a short time at their minimum inhibitory or minimum growth concentrations (MIC or MGC). The aim of this study is to prepare the BGs with a new protocol via exposing the bacterial cells to tween 80 for an extended period of time followed by sudden reduction of the surrounding pH. Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ATCC 13311 was used for this purpose. The cells were incubated in 7% v/v tween 80 solution in Muller-Hinton broth for 24 h at 37 °C then pH was decreased to 3.6 by adding lactic acid for one hour. The bacterial pellets were separated by high speed centrifugation, and then washed three times by half normal saline solution. High quality BGs were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealing punctured cells with intact outer shells and at least one intramembranous tunnel. The absence of vital cells was confirmed by subculturing. The release of respective amounts of proteins and DNA is another evidence of ghost's production. In addition, the integrity of cells was proved by visualization of Gram-stained cells using light microscopy. In conclusion, this new protocol is simple, economic and feasible for BGs preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Rabea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11652, Egypt
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fars K. Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen S. Yassin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Nayera A. Moneib
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11652, Egypt
| | - Abd Elgawad M. Hashem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt (BUE), P.O. Box 43, Cairo 11837, Egypt
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Shakeel F, Salem-Bekhit MM, Haq N, Siddiqui NA. Solubility and thermodynamics of ferulic acid in different neat solvents: Measurement, correlation and molecular interactions. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Auda SH, Mahrous GM, Ibrahim MA, Shazly GA, Salem-Bekhit MM. Novel chlorhexidine dermal patches, preparation characterization and antimicrobial evaluation. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-1935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shakeel F, Haq N, Salem-Bekhit MM, Raish M. Solubility and dissolution thermodynamics of sinapic acid in (DMSO + water) binary solvent mixtures at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Saleh NM, Mabrouk MI, Salem-Bekhit MM, Hafez EH. Challenge of Moringa peregrina Forssk as an antimicrobial agent against multi-drug-resistant Salmonella sp. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1262750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neveen M. Saleh
- Microbiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona I. Mabrouk
- Microbiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Microbiology and Immunology Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ekbal H. Hafez
- Microbiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
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Youssof AM, Salem-Bekhit MM, Shakeel F, Alanazi FK, Haq N. Analysis of anti-neoplastic drug in bacterial ghost matrix, w/o/w double nanoemulsion and w/o nanoemulsion by a validated ‘green’ liquid chromatographic method. Talanta 2016; 154:292-8. [PMID: 27154677 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Salem-Bekhit MM, Gad El Rab MO, Tawfick MM, Raish M, Fathallah MD, Bayomi M. Humoral and cellular immune responses to modified hepatitis B plasmid DNA vaccine in mice. TROP J PHARM RES 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v15i4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Shakeel F, Salem-Bekhit MM, Iqbal M, Haq N. Solubility and thermodynamic function of a new anticancer drug ibrutinib in 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol+water mixtures at different temperatures. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 2015; 89:159-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jct.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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Salem-Bekhit MM. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Nosocomial Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus with Reference to Methicillin Resistance. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i8.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Salem-Bekhit MM, Bayomi M, Al-Anazi F, Radawan H. Yield Production of Recombinant Plasmid DNA withEscherichia Coliin Fed-Batch Culture by Pseudo-Exponential Feeding. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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El-Badry M, Fetih G, Salem-Bekhit MM, Shakeel F. Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension of Albendazole for Dissolution Enhancement. Nanosci Nanotechnol Lett 2013; 5:1024-1029. [DOI: 10.1166/nnl.2013.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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Amro AA, Salem-Bekhit MM, Alanazi FK. Plackett-Burman randomization method for Bacterial Ghosts preparation form E. coli JM109. Saudi Pharm J 2013; 22:273-9. [PMID: 25061413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plackett-Burman randomization method is a conventional tool for variables randomization aiming at optimization. Bacterial Ghosts (BGs) preparation has been recently established using methods other than the E lysis gene. The protocol has been based mainly on using critical concentrations from chemical compounds able to convert viable cells to BGs. The Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Growth Concentration (MGC) were the main guide for the BGs preparation. In this study, Escherichia coli JM109 DEC has been used to produce the BGs following the original protocol. The study contained a detail protocol for BGs preparation that could be used as a guide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara A Amro
- Department of Protein Research, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Mubarak City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt ; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Salem-Bekhit MM, Moussa IMI, Muharram MM, Alanazy FK, Hefni HM. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of multidrug-resistant enterococci isolated from clinical specimens. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012; 30:44-51. [PMID: 22361760 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.93032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) pose an emerging problem in hospitals worldwide. The present study was undertaken to determine the occurrence, species prevalence, antibacterial resistance, and phenotypic and genetic characteristics of VRE isolated in Riyadh hospitals, KSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and six isolates of enterococcal species were obtained from clinical samples. The antibiotic susceptibility of isolates and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests for vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined. Molecular typing of VRE isolates was carried out by using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the resistance genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS VRE accounted for 3.9% of the isolates and were detected mostly in urine, wound and blood specimens isolated from ICU, internal medicine and surgical wards. All strains were identified to species level and were found to consist of E. faecalis (69.2%), E. faecium (11.3%), E. avium (2.1%), E. hirae (0.8%), E. casseliflavus (1.3%) and E. gallinarum (1.3%) species. According to the susceptibility data obtained, 8 (3.9%) out of 206 isolates were found to be VRE (MICs > 32 μg/ml). The vanA, vanB and vanC gene fragments of E. faecalis, E. faecium and E. gallinarum were amplified from isolates and were detected. PFGE patterns of the VRE isolates revealed homogenous patterns with dominant clone suggesting that the strains intrinsic resistance is independent. CONCLUSIONS This study shows an emergence of VRE along with increased rate of multidrug-resistant enterococci in the area of the study. Regular surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibilities should be done regularly and the risk factors should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P O Box 2457, Saudi Arabia.
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