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Andraud M, Hervé S, Gorin S, Barbier N, Quéguiner S, Paboeuf F, Simon G, Rose N. Evaluation of early single dose vaccination on swine influenza A virus transmission in piglets: From experimental data to mechanistic modelling. Vaccine 2023; 41:3119-3127. [PMID: 37061373 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Swine influenza A virus (swIAV) is a major pathogen affecting pigs with a huge economic impact and potentially zoonotic. Epidemiological studies in endemically infected farms permitted to identify critical factors favoring on-farm persistence, among which maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs). Vaccination is commonly practiced in breeding herds and might be used for immunization of growing pigs at weaning. Althoughinterference between MDAs and vaccination was reported in young piglets, its impact on swIAV transmission was not yet quantified. To this aim, this study reports on a transmission experiment in piglets with or without MDAs, vaccinated with a single dose injection at four weeks of age, and challenged 17 days post-vaccination. To transpose small-scale experiments to real-life situation, estimated parameters were used in a simulation tool to assess their influence at the herd level. Based on a thorough follow-up of the infection chain during the experiment, the transmission of the swIAV challenge strain was highly dependent on the MDA status of the pigs when vaccinated. MDA-positive vaccinated animals showed a direct transmission rate 3.6-fold higher than the one obtained in vaccinated animals without MDAs, estimated to 1.2. Vaccination nevertheless reduced significantly the contribution of airborne transmission when compared with previous estimates obtained in unvaccinated animals. The integration of parameter estimates in a large-scale simulation model, representing a typical farrow-to-finish pig herd, evidenced an extended persistence of viral spread when vaccination of sows and single dose vaccination of piglets was hypothesized. When extinction was quasi-systematic at year 5 post-introduction in the absence of sow vaccination but with single dose early vaccination of piglets, the extinction probability fell down to 33% when batch-to-batch vaccination was implemented both in breeding herd and weaned piglets. These results shed light on a potential adverse effect of single dose vaccination in MDA-positive piglets, which might lead to longer persistence of the SwIAV at the herd level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andraud
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, France.
| | - S Hervé
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, France
| | - S Gorin
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, France
| | - N Barbier
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, France
| | - S Quéguiner
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, France
| | - F Paboeuf
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, SPF Pig Production and Experimentation, France
| | - G Simon
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, France
| | - N Rose
- Anses, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, France
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Bernstein J, Giménez-Arnau A, Hide M, Maurer M, Sitz K, Sussman G, Montana P, Barbier N, Severin T. P047 COMPLETE RESPONSE WITH LIGELIZUMAB IN CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA: A COMPOSITE SCORE OF SYMPTOMS AND QUALITY-OF-LIFE. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Janocha R, Giménez-Arnau A, Maurer M, Bernstein J, Barbier N, hua E, Severin T, Balp M. P155 SLEEP AND QUALITY OF LIFE IMPROVES WITH BETTER CONTROL OF URTICARIA SYMPTOMS: LIGELIZUMAB PHASE-2B STUDIES. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bernstein J, Maurer M, Giménez-Arnau A, Soong W, Metz M, Barbier N, Barve A, Severin T, Balp M, Janocha R. P153 COMPLETE CONTROL OF URTICARIA SYMPTOMS WITH LIGELIZUMAB HELPS NORMALIZE QUALITY OF LIFE. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sussman G, Sitz K, Metz M, Hide M, Maurer M, Barbier N, Hua E, Janocha R, Severin T. D101 EFFICACY OF LIGELIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA INADEQUATELY CONTROLLED WITH OMALIZUMAB. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Duncanson L, Armston J, Disney M, Avitabile V, Barbier N, Calders K, Carter S, Chave J, Herold M, Crowther TW, Falkowski M, Kellner JR, Labrière N, Lucas R, MacBean N, McRoberts RE, Meyer V, Næsset E, Nickeson JE, Paul KI, Phillips OL, Réjou-Méchain M, Román M, Roxburgh S, Saatchi S, Schepaschenko D, Scipal K, Siqueira PR, Whitehurst A, Williams M. The Importance of Consistent Global Forest Aboveground Biomass Product Validation. Surv Geophys 2019; 40:979-999. [PMID: 31395994 PMCID: PMC6647371 DOI: 10.1007/s10712-019-09538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Several upcoming satellite missions have core science requirements to produce data for accurate forest aboveground biomass mapping. Largely because of these mission datasets, the number of available biomass products is expected to greatly increase over the coming decade. Despite the recognized importance of biomass mapping for a wide range of science, policy and management applications, there remains no community accepted standard for satellite-based biomass map validation. The Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) is developing a protocol to fill this need in advance of the next generation of biomass-relevant satellites, and this paper presents a review of biomass validation practices from a CEOS perspective. We outline the wide range of anticipated user requirements for product accuracy assessment and provide recommendations for the validation of biomass products. These recommendations include the collection of new, high-quality in situ data and the use of airborne lidar biomass maps as tools toward transparent multi-resolution validation. Adoption of community-vetted validation standards and practices will facilitate the uptake of the next generation of biomass products.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Duncanson
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, 2181 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - J. Armston
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, 2181 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - M. Disney
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - V. Avitabile
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - N. Barbier
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD,
CNRS, INRA, Montpellier University, TA A51/PS2, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - K. Calders
- CAVElab – Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Room A2.089, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - S. Carter
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversit. Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Universit. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - M. Herold
- Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - T. W. Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Univeritätstrasse 16, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Falkowski
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - J. R. Kellner
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - N. Labrière
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversit. Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Universit. Toulouse Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - R. Lucas
- Earth Observation and Ecosystem Dynamics Research Group, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences (DGES), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Wales SY23 3DB UK
| | - N. MacBean
- Department of Geography, Indiana University, 701 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - R. E. McRoberts
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Saint Paul, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - V. Meyer
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
| | - E. Næsset
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NMBU, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - J. E. Nickeson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/Science Systems and Applications Inc., 10210 Greenbelt Rd #600, Lanham, MD 20706 USA
| | - K. I. Paul
- CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - O. L. Phillips
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - M. Réjou-Méchain
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD,
CNRS, INRA, Montpellier University, TA A51/PS2, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - M. Román
- Earth from Space Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD USA
| | - S. Roxburgh
- CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - S. Saatchi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
| | - D. Schepaschenko
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria
| | - K. Scipal
- European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - P. R. Siqueira
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 201 Marcus Hall, University of Massachusetts, 100 Natural Resources Road, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - A. Whitehurst
- Arctic Slope Federal Technical Services, 7000 Muirkirk Meadows Dr #100, Laurel, MD 20707 USA
| | - M. Williams
- School of GeoScience, University of Edinburgh, Drummond St, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP UK
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Hardy-Bessard AC, Brocard F, Leheurteur M, Melis A, Dauba J, Lortholary A, You B, Guardiola E, Grenier J, Martin-Babau J, Meunier J, Follana P, Savoye AM, Mercier-Blas A, Marti A, Despax R, Barbier N, Gane N, Ardisson P, Segura-Djezzar C. Phase II trial evaluating the combination of eribulin (E)+ bevacizumab (BEV) as first line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic Her2-negative breast cancer (MBC): a GINECO group study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw365.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wassenberg J, Nutten S, Audran R, Barbier N, Aubert V, Moulin J, Mercenier A, Spertini F. Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei ST11 on a nasal provocation test with grass pollen in allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 41:565-73. [PMID: 21395878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics have been associated with prevention and improvement of symptoms in atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. However, few studies exist that document their efficacy for upper airways allergies such as allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of short-term oral administration of Lactobacillus paracasei ST11 on a nasal provocation test (NPT) with grass pollen. METHODS Thirty-one adult volunteers with allergic rhinitis were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, based on two 4-week cross-over periods of product consumption (ST11-fermented milk vs. placebo), separated by a wash-out period of 6-8 weeks. Objective and subjective clinical parameters of NPT as well as systemic and nasal immunological parameters were compared between the two treatment periods (registration number: NCT 011 50 253). RESULTS Subjects that received ST11-fermented milk had lower nasal congestion than subjects under placebo (visual analogical scale; P<0.05). Nasal pruritus followed the same trend. However, no significant change in combined nasal reaction threshold was observed between the two periods. IL-5 secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum allergen-specific IgG4 were significantly lower in ST11-fermented milk group compared to placebo group. IL-8 and IL-10 secretion followed the same trend. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Short-term treatment with ST11-fermented milk before NPT significantly improved a clinical marker of NPT (subjective nasal congestion) and down-regulated systemic immune markers (IL-5 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum IgG4). These data strongly suggest that probiotics may down modulate key parameters of allergic rhinitis and warrant future evaluation in seasonal trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wassenberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland Nestle Research Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Butler AJ, Barbier N, Cermák J, Koller J, Thornily C, McEvoy C, Nicoll B, Perks MP, Grace J, Meir P. Estimates and relationships between aboveground and belowground resource exchange surface areas in a Sitka spruce managed forest. Tree Physiol 2010; 30:705-714. [PMID: 20404352 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpq022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the nature of belowground competition for moisture and nutrients is limited. In this study, we used an earth impedance method to determine the root absorbing area of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) trees, making measurements in stands of differing density (2-, 4- and 6-m inter-tree spacing). We compared absorbing root area index (RAI(absorbing); based on the impedance measure) with fine root area index (RAI(fine); based on estimates of total surface area of fine roots) and related these results to investment in conductive roots. Root absorbing area was a near-linear function of tree stem diameter at 1.3 m height. At the stand level, RAI(absorbing), which is analogous to and scaled with transpiring leaf area index (maximum stomatal pore area per unit ground area; LAI(transpiring)), increased proportionally with basal area across the three stands. In contrast, RAI(fine) was inversely propotional to basal area. The ratio of RAI(absorbing) to LAI(transpiring) ranged from 7.7 to 17.1, giving an estimate of the relative aboveground versus belowground resource exchange areas. RAI(absorbing) provides a way of characterizing ecosystem functioning as a physiologically meaningful index of belowground absorbing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Butler
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH89XP, UK.
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Boudousquié C, Pellaton C, Barbier N, Spertini F. CD4+CD25+ T cell depletion impairs tolerance induction in a murine model of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1415-26. [PMID: 19624523 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03314.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key players in controlling the development of airway inflammation. However, their role in the mechanisms leading to tolerance in established allergic asthma is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the role of Tregs in tolerance induction in a murine model of asthma. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized asthmatic mice were depleted or not of CD25(+) T cells by anti-CD25 PC61 monoclonal antibody (mAb) before intranasal treatment (INT) with OVA, then challenged with OVA aerosol. To further evaluate the respective regulatory activity of CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells, both T cell subsets were transferred from tolerized or non-tolerized animals to asthmatic recipients. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion were examined. RESULTS Intranasal treatment with OVA led to increased levels of IL-10, TGF-beta and IL-17 in lung homogenates, inhibition of eosinophil recruitment into the BALF and antigen specific T cell hyporesponsiveness. CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells were markedly upregulated in lungs and suppressed in vitro and in vivo OVA-specific T cell responses. Depletion of CD25(+) cells before OVA INT severely hampered tolerance induction as indicated by a strong recruitment of eosinophils into BALF and a vigorous T cell response to OVA upon challenge. However, the transfer of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells not only suppressed antigen specific T cell responsiveness but also significantly reduced eosinophil recruitment as opposed to CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells. As compared with control mice, a significantly higher proportion of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells from OVA treated mice expressed mTGF-beta. CONCLUSION Both CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells appear to be essential to tolerance induction. The relationship between both subsets and the mechanisms of their regulatory activity will have to be further analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boudousquié
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Luger TA, Lahfa M, Fölster-Holst R, Gulliver WP, Allen R, Molloy S, Barbier N, Paul C, Bos JD. Long‐term safety and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1% and topical corticosteroids in adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009; 15:169-78. [PMID: 15204150 DOI: 10.1080/09546630410033781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This randomized, double-blind, multi-centre study compared the long-term safety and tolerability of pimecrolimus cream 1% and topical corticosteroids (TCS) in 658 adults with moderate-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS Patients applied either pimecrolimus or TCS (i.e. 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide cream and/or 1% hydrocortisone acetate cream) twice daily to all affected areas until complete clearance or for up to 1 year. The study was approved by the institutional review board or ethics committee at each centre. RESULTS A majority of patients treated with either pimecrolimus or TCS used the drug on a continuous basis over 1 year. In patients who had >30% of the body surface involved by AD, the incidence rate of all skin infections was significantly lower in the pimecrolimus group than in the TCS group (95% CI of the treatment difference: -25.3% to -3.4%). The most frequent application site reaction was burning (25.9% of patients on pimecrolimus and 10.9% on TCS), which was transient and mild-moderate in most cases. Three TCS-treated patients reported skin striae. There were no treatment-related serious or clinically significant systemic adverse events. Efficacy was better in patients on continuous TCS therapy, although patients completing the study were similarly well-controlled in both groups. About 42% of the pimecrolimus-treated patients were maintained for 1 year without TCS. CONCLUSION Pimecrolimus demonstrated a favourable safety profile when used to treat adult patients with moderate-severe AD for up to 1 year. A significant proportion of patients could be maintained without TCS for a year.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Luger
- Universitätsklinikum Münster, Hautklinik, Muenster Germany.
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Murrell D, Calvieri S, Ortonne J, Ho V, Weise-Riccardi S, Barbier N, Paul C. A randomized controlled trial of pimecrolimus cream 1% in adolescents and adults with head and neck atopic dermatitis and intolerant of, or dependent on, topical corticosteroids. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:954-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Aillères N, Azria D, Thézenas S, Barbier N, Fenoglietto P, Delard R, Hay MH, Dubois JB. [Pilot study of conformal intensity modulated radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer]. Cancer Radiother 2004; 8:59-69. [PMID: 15063872 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2003] [Revised: 09/23/2003] [Accepted: 10/31/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE - To report our experience on treatment planning and acute toxicity in 16 patients suffering from clinically localized prostate cancer treated with high-dose intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). PATIENTS AND METHODS - Between March 2001 and October 2002, 16 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated with IMRT. Treatment planning included an inverse-planning approach, and the desired beam intensity profiles were delivered by dynamic multileaf collimation. All patients received the entire treatment course with IMRT to a prescribed dose of 78 Gy. All IMRT treatment plans were compared with a theoretical conventional three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). Acute lower gastro-intestinal (GI) and genito-urinary (GU) toxicity was evaluated in all patients and graded according to the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0 (CTCAE v. 3.0). A relationship between dose volume and clinical toxicity was evaluated. RESULTS - Ninety-five percent of the PTV2 received more than 76 Gy using IMRT or 3D-CRT with no difference between both methods. The dose-volume histogram mean obtained for the PTV2 was not different between IMRT and 3D-CRT. IMRT improved homogeneity of the delivered dose to the PTV2 as compared with 3D-CRT (7.5 vs 9%, respectively). Ninety-five percent of the PTV1 received 5 Gy more using IMRT with protection of the bladder and the rectum walls. The benefit was considered below 75 and 70 Gy for the wall of the bladder and the rectum, respectively. Grade 2 GI and GU toxicity was observed in four (25%) and five (31%) patients, respectively. No grade 3 toxicity was observed. There was a trend towards a relationship between the mean rectal dose and acute rectal toxicity but without statistical significant difference (P =0.09). CONCLUSION - Dose escalation with IMRT is feasible with no grade 3 or higher acute GI or GU toxicity. Examination of a larger cohort and longer-term follow-up are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Aillères
- Département de radiophysique, CRLC Val-d'Aurelle-Paul-Lamarque, rue de la Croix-Verte, 34298 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Barbier N, Paul C, Luger T, Allen R, De Prost Y, Papp K, Eichenfield LF, Cherill R, Hanifin J. Validation of the Eczema Area and Severity Index for atopic dermatitis in a cohort of 1550 patients from the pimecrolimus cream 1% randomized controlled clinical trials programme. Br J Dermatol 2004; 150:96-102. [PMID: 14746622 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) by assessing its internal consistency, reliability and sensitivity to change and by correlating it to other efficacy parameters. DESIGN Three short-term and two long-term double-blind, randomized, controlled trials, performed in 138 study centres in Europe, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and North and South America. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 1550 paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis were studied. Pimecrolimus cream 1% was used twice daily to treat atopic dermatitis. The three short-term studies were placebo controlled. The two long-term studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of early intervention with pimecrolimus to prevent progression to disease flare requiring topical corticosteroid treatment, compared with reactive treatment with topical corticosteroids to treat flares of atopic dermatitis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Five parameters were measured: (i) the EASI (range of score 0-72); (ii) Investigators' Global Assessment (IGA), using a six-point (0-5) scale; (iii) patients' assessment, using a four-point (0-3) scale; (iv) severity of pruritus assessment, using a four-point (0-3) scale; and (v) a quality-of-life evaluation. RESULTS The EASI score varied in parallel and in correlation with the IGA, pruritus and patients' assessment. All correlation coefficients were statistically different from 0 (P < 0.05). The EASI correlated well with each of its components, and all paired comparisons were within agreed limits. The EASI showed good sensitivity to changes in severity. CONCLUSION In a large, multinational patient population with atopic dermatitis, the EASI showed good validity, reliability and sensitivity to change and correlated well with other measures of severity. It therefore qualifies as a valid method of assessment in clinical studies of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barbier
- Novartis Pharma AG Basel, Switzerland, Novartis Pharma AG Basel, Switzerland
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Kirova Y, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Savignoni A, Sigal-Zafrani B, Clough K, Barbier N, Fourquet A. Risk of breast recurrence in relation to BRCA1/2 mutation status following breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy. EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)90932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Forcioli P, Barbier N. [The accreditation visit in practice]. Soins 2001:49-53. [PMID: 12008333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Monnerat C, Henriksson R, Raymond E, Berthaud P, Vicente-Azevedo J, Lavenius E, Dutreix C, Barbier N, Csermak K, Le Chevalier T. Phase I study of PKC412, a protein kinase C inhibitor, in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin: Preliminary report of an ongoing phase I study. Lung Cancer 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(00)80262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shand N, Weber F, Mariani L, Bernstein M, Gianella-Borradori A, Long Z, Sorensen AG, Barbier N. A phase 1-2 clinical trial of gene therapy for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme by tumor transduction with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene followed by ganciclovir. GLI328 European-Canadian Study Group. Hum Gene Ther 1999; 10:2325-35. [PMID: 10515452 DOI: 10.1089/10430349950016979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study has investigated the effects of herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene (HSV-tk) transfer followed by ganciclovir treatment as adjuvant gene therapy to surgical resection in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The study was open and single-arm, and aimed at assessing the feasibility and safety of the technique and indications of antitumor activity. In 48 patients a suspension of retroviral vector-producing cells (VPCs) was administered by intracerebral injection immediately after tumor resection. Intravenous ganciclovir was infused daily 14 to 27 days after surgery. Patients were monitored for adverse events and for life by regular biosafety assaying. Tumor changes were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Reflux during injection was a frequent occurrence but serious adverse events during the treatment period (days 1-27) were few and of a nature not unexpected in this population. One patient experienced transient neurological disorders associated with postganciclovir MRI enhancement. There was no evidence of replication-competent retrovirus in peripheral blood leukocytes or in tissue samples of reresection or autopsy. Vector DNA was shown in the leukocytes of some patients but not in autopsy gonadal samples. The median survival time was 8.6 months, and the 12-month survival rate was 13 of 48 (27%). On MRI studies, tumor recurrence was absent in seven patients for at least 6 months and for at least 12 months in two patients, one of whom remains recurrence free at more than 24 months. Treatment-characteristic images of injection tracks and intracavity hemoglobin were apparent. In conclusion, the gene therapy is feasible and appears to be satisfactorily safe as an adjuvant to the surgical resection of recurrent GBM, but any benefit appears to be marginal. Investigation of the precise effectiveness of this gene therapy requires prospective, controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shand
- Oncology Clinical Research, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland.
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Barbier N, Saulnier P, Chachaty E, Dumontier S, Andremont A. Random amplified polymorphic DNA typing versus pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for epidemiological typing of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34:1096-9. [PMID: 8727883 PMCID: PMC228962 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.34.5.1096-1099.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sixty vancomycin-resistant vanA mutant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) isolates, collected during a 40-month period from 48 patients hospitalized in a French Cancer Referral Center, were typed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and the results were compared with those previously obtained by typing with SmaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which is currently recognized as the "gold standard." The discriminating power of RAPD typing, with seven primers and 11 combinations of primers, was tested on 18 strains, and only the most discriminating combination was further tested on the whole collection. We compared the epidemiological usefulness of RAPD typing of 60 clinical VRE isolates with that of SmaI PFGE typing. With primers AP4 and ERIC1R, RAPD generated 30 patterns versus the 36 patterns generated by SmaI PFGE. However, this did not hamper the epidemiologically correct clustering of 15 related strains and the detection of multiple colonization in nine patients. We conclude that this simple RAPD technique is well suited to the epidemiological typing of VRE and the monitoring of its nosocomial spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Barbier
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
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20
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Frebourg T, Barbier N, Yan YX, Garber JE, Dreyfus M, Fraumeni J, Li FP, Friend SH. Germ-line p53 mutations in 15 families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 56:608-15. [PMID: 7887414 PMCID: PMC1801151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ-line mutations of the tumor-suppressor gene p53 have been observed in some families with the Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a familial cancer syndrome in which affected relatives develop a diverse set of early-onset malignancies including breast carcinoma, sarcomas, and brain tumors. The analysis of the p53 gene in LFS families has been limited, in most studies to date, to the region between exon 5 and exon 9. In order to determine the frequency and distribution of germ-line p53 mutations in LFS, we sequenced the 10 coding exons of the p53 gene in lymphocytes and fibroblast cell lines derived from 15 families with the syndrome. Germ-line mutations were observed in eight families. Six mutations were missense mutations located between exons 5 and 8. One mutation was a nonsense mutation in exon 6, and one mutation was a splicing mutation in intron 4, generating aberrant shorter p53 RNA(s). In three families, a mutation of the p53 gene was observed in the fibroblast cell line derived from the proband. However, the mutation was not found in affected relatives in two families and in the blood from the one individual, indicating that the mutation probably occurred during cell culture in vitro. In four families, no mutation was observed. This study indicates that germ-line p53 mutations in LFS are mostly located between exons 5 and 8 and that approximately 50% of patients with LFS have no germ-line mutations in the coding region of the p53 gene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Frebourg
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown
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McIntyre JF, Smith-Sorensen B, Friend SH, Kassell J, Borresen AL, Yan YX, Russo C, Sato J, Barbier N, Miser J. Germline mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in children with osteosarcoma. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12:925-30. [PMID: 8164043 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1994.12.5.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the possibility that a significant proportion of children with osteosarcoma harbor germline mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and, therefore, this subgroup of pediatric cancer patients should be considered for large-scale predictive testing. PATIENTS AND METHODS Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral-blood leukocytes from 235 unselected children with osteosarcoma from 33 institutions were screened for the presence of germline p53 mutations using constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE). Exons 5 through 8 were evaluated in all patients and exon 2 and exon 9 were analyzed in 59 and 95 patients, respectively. Those samples that showed aberrant migration on CDGE were sequenced or analyzed by restriction enzyme digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products to confirm the nature of the gene alteration. RESULTS In 18 samples, CDGE showed fragments of the p53 gene with altered electrophoretic mobilities compared with wild-type p53. DNA sequencing showed that 11 samples had an identical, previously described polymorphism. The other seven contained heterozygous p53 mutations located in exon 5 (n = 3), exon 6 (n = 1), exon 7 (n = 1), and exon 8 (n = 2). Six alterations were missense mutations and one was a nonsense mutation. Three of these patients had first-degree relatives with cancer. One of these three kindreds had a family history consistent with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). CONCLUSION We identified germline p53 mutations in seven of 235 (3.0%) children with osteosarcoma. Four of these mutations were found in patients who did not have first-degree relatives with cancer. Although genetic transmission of the altered p53 gene could not be tested in this survey because of how it was designed, it is possible that predictive testing for p53 mutations could identify unaffected relatives of gene carriers who also have a high risk for the development of cancer. This study provides evidence for the importance of considering children with osteosarcoma for predictive testing for germline p53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F McIntyre
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02129
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Farmer MF, Barbier N, Lebras-Marin C, Melon F. [The admission conference]. Soins 1993:8-11. [PMID: 8108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Frebourg T, Barbier N, Kassel J, Ng YS, Romero P, Friend SH. A functional screen for germ line p53 mutations based on transcriptional activation. Cancer Res 1992; 52:6976-8. [PMID: 1458490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Germ line p53 mutations represent a genetic predisposition for cancer development. At the present time, their detection requires extensive work and their functional significance must be documented. Therefore, we have designed a simple biological assay which detects functionally significant germ line p53 mutations. This assay is based on the cloning of the patient's p53 complementary DNA into a eukaryotic expression vector followed by the cotransfection into human cells of the recombinant vector with a reporter plasmid for the transcriptional activity of p53. This assay potentially offers a powerful method to screen fibroblasts or lymphocytes from patients for germ line mutations which inactivate the p53 tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Frebourg
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown 02129
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Frebourg T, Kassel J, Lam KT, Gryka MA, Barbier N, Andersen TI, Børresen AL, Friend SH. Germ-line mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in patients with high risk for cancer inactivate the p53 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:6413-7. [PMID: 1631137 PMCID: PMC49511 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.14.6413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ-line mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been observed in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, brain tumors, second malignancies, and breast cancers. It is unclear whether all of these mutations have inactivated p53 and thereby provide an increased risk for cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the biological significance of these germ-line mutations by the functional and structural analysis of the resulting mutant p53 proteins. We analyzed the ability of seven germ-line mutant proteins observed in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, second primary neoplasms, or familial breast cancer to block the growth of malignant cells and compared the structural properties of the mutant proteins to that of the wild-type protein. Six of seven missense mutations disrupted the growth inhibitory properties and structure of the wild-type protein. One germ-line mutation retained the features of the wild-type p53. Genetic analysis of the breast cancer family in which this mutation was observed indicated that this germ-line mutation was not associated with the development of cancer. These results demonstrate that germ-line p53 mutations observed in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and with second malignancies have inactivated the p53 tumor suppressor gene. The inability of the germ-line p53 mutants to block the growth of malignant cells can explain why patients with these germ-line mutations have an increased risk for cancer. The observation of a functionally silent germ-line mutation indicates that, before associating a germ-line tumor suppressor gene mutation with cancer risk, it is prudent to consider its functional significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Frebourg
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown 02129
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Malkin D, Jolly KW, Barbier N, Look AT, Friend SH, Gebhardt MC, Andersen TI, Børresen AL, Li FP, Garber J. Germline mutations of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene in children and young adults with second malignant neoplasms. N Engl J Med 1992; 326:1309-15. [PMID: 1565144 DOI: 10.1056/nejm199205143262002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired mutations in the p53 tumor-suppressor gene have been detected in several human cancers, including colon, breast, and lung cancer. Inherited mutations (transmitted through the germline) of this gene can underlie the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a rare familial association of breast cancer in young women, childhood sarcomas, and other malignant neoplasms. We investigated the possibility that p53 mutations in the germline are associated with second primary cancers that arise in children and young adults who would not be considered as belonging to Li-Fraumeni families. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood leukocytes of 59 children and young adults with a second primary cancer. The polymerase chain reaction, in combination with denaturant-gel electrophoresis and sequencing, was used to identify p53 gene mutations. RESULTS Mutations of p53 that changed the predicted amino acid sequence were identified in leukocyte DNA from 4 of the 59 patients (6.8 percent). In three cases, the mutations were identical to ones previously found in the p53 gene. The fourth mutation was the first germline mutation to be identified in exon 9, at codon 325. Analysis of leukocyte DNA from close relatives of three of the patients indicated that the mutations were inherited, but cancer had developed in only one parent at the start of the study. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify an important subgroup of young patients with cancer who carry germline mutations in the p53 tumor-suppressor gene but whose family histories are not indicative of the Li-Fraumeni syndrome. The early detection of such mutations would be useful not only in treating these patients, but also in identifying family members who may be at high risk for the development of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Malkin
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston
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