Moody CT, Rodas NV, Norona AN, Blacher J, Crnic KA, Baker BL. Early childhood predictors of global competence in adolescence for youth with typical development or intellectual disability.
Res Dev Disabil 2019;
94:103462. [PMID:
31499378 PMCID:
PMC6954823 DOI:
10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103462]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
We aimed to determine whether a second-order global competence latent factor could be identified as underlying relations between adolescent mental health, social skills, and academic functioning. A secondary aim was to test whether early childhood characteristics predict adolescent global competence. A final aim was to test differences in these models across youth with typical cognitive development (TD) or intellectual disability (ID).
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
Participants were 246 youth with TD (n = 148) or ID (n = 98), with assessments from early childhood (3, 4, 5 years) and adolescence (13, 15). These youths' parents and teachers provided measures. A Multiple Indicator, Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model was tested using structural equation modeling, in which parenting, maternal depression, and emotional dysregulation in early childhood were entered as predictors of adolescent global competence.
OUTCOMES AND RESULTS
A second-order global competence factor emerged, and was predicted by early childhood variables. The final MIMIC model demonstrated excellent fit. Negative parenting in early childhood predicted lower adolescent global competence for both TD and ID youth. Maternal depression predicted adolescent global competence only for youth with ID, while emotion dysregulation predicted only for youth with TD.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Results have implications for longitudinal mechanisms of influence and early intervention targets for specific populations.
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