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Fukuchi N, Shigemura J, Obara A. The Support to Mitigate the Impact of Suicide for Disaster Aid Workers of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e517. [PMID: 37872708 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Suicide substantially impacts disaster-affected communities due to pre-existing psychosocial effects caused by the disaster. Following the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, local disaster aid workers had overworked for months, and many workers eventually died by suicide. Although many workplaces suffered this dual damage, there is limited literature on psychosocial postvention in this context. This study reports the activities of individual/group postventions provided to these aid workers. The bereaved person expressed grief for the loss of their colleagues and anger for not being protected. The postvention observed unusual and distinctive group dynamics. It was essential for mental health professionals to address 2 types of traumatic exposures in the group programs -trauma from the disaster and their colleagues' deaths due to suicide. These postvention programs might be beneficial in maintaining aid workers' mental health and helping them cope with the loss of their colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naru Fukuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
- Miyagi Disaster Mental Health Care Center, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jun Shigemura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Mejiro University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akiko Obara
- Miyagi Mental Health and Welfare Center, Miyagi, Japan
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2
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Yamazaki M, Kawase T, Hino-Fukuyo N, Morimoto T, Metoki H, Takahashi H, Fukuchi N, Takanashi Y, Ohta N. Functional hearing loss and developmental imbalances. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 173:111700. [PMID: 37633125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional hearing loss (FHL) is a disorder in which there are abnormal values on a hearing test, despite the absence of organic abnormalities in the peripheral and central auditory pathways. Here, we examined the developmental characteristics of FHL and the importance of intervention by analyzing the clinical characteristics of children with this disorder. METHODS We retrospectively examined 16 patients assessed under a diagnosis of FHL. After interventions such as psychological counseling by our pediatrics and psychiatry departments, we compared the clinical profiles of patients in which hearing was "improved/normalized" and "unimproved". RESULTS Fourteen patients visited a pediatrician and two chose not to do so. A discrepancy between the maximum and minimum values of the four index scores was observed in all patients in which WISC-IV (the fourth version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) was performed (n = 12). The discrepancy between the verbal comprehension index (VCI) and perceptual reasoning index (PRI) was significantly greater in "unimproved" patients than in "improved/normalized" patients. Hearing improved, or was normalized, after intervention in six of 16 patients. CONCLUSIONS Developmental imbalances were suspected in all 12 children who visited a pediatrician and completed the WISC-IV. Cooperation with pediatricians, psychiatrists, and other health professionals is desirable in supporting patients diagnosed with FHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneharu Yamazaki
- Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
| | - Tetsuaki Kawase
- Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Naomi Hino-Fukuyo
- Division of Pediatrics, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Morimoto
- Division of Pediatrics, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Takahashi
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Naru Fukuchi
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takanashi
- Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - Nobuo Ohta
- Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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3
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Fukuchi N, Chiba S. Utilization of Mental Health Support Systems in the Aftermath of Disasters in Japan: Statistical Data of the Miyagi Disaster Mental Health Care Center. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10856. [PMID: 36078569 PMCID: PMC9518571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale natural disasters have a significant effect on residents' mental health. The Miyagi Disaster Mental Health Care Center (DMHCC) was established as a long-term mental health care center in response to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (GEJE). Although six DMHCCs have been established in Japan, their exact role and functioning are still unclear. This study aimed to explore which population used the center in each recovery phase. Logistic regression was performed to identify the residents' characteristics according to the consultation pathways using the data collected by the Miyagi DMHCC. These data included personal information of the residents who were supported by the center from 2013 to 2018. The working-age unemployed men sought help by themselves, and the isolated older females were supported by home visits through the health survey. Long-term mental health care centers should observe community recovery and provide appropriate support. The implications of this result and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naru Fukuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi, Japan
- Miyagi Disaster Mental Health Care Center, Sendai 980-0014, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shusaku Chiba
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Iwate Medical University Hospital, Yahaba 028-3695, Iwate, Japan
- Faculty of Education, Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Miyagi, Japan
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4
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Fukuchi N, Koh E. Children’s survivor guilt after the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami: a case report. Educational Psychology in Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02667363.2022.2030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naru Fukuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eugen Koh
- Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Takaichi S, Tomimaru Y, Kobayashi S, Takeda Y, Nakahira S, Tsujie M, Yukawa M, Shimizu J, Murakami M, Miyamoto A, Asaoka T, Sakai K, Morimoto O, Tori M, Yamamoto T, Fukuchi N, Nagano H, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Drainage after laparoscopic liver surgery in the CSGO-HBP-004 study: propensity score-matched analysis. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e57-e58. [PMID: 33711105 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Takaichi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - M Tsujie
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan
| | - M Yukawa
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Japan
| | - J Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - M Murakami
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Itami City Hospital, Itami, Japan
| | - A Miyamoto
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Sakai
- Department of Surgery, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - O Morimoto
- Department of Surgery, Ikeda City Hospital, Ikeda, Japan
| | - M Tori
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, Sakai, Japan.,Tamesan Clinic, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - N Fukuchi
- Department of Surgery, Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - H Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Y Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Obara T, Ishikuro M, Tamiya G, Ueki M, Yamanaka C, Mizuno S, Kikuya M, Metoki H, Matsubara H, Nagai M, Kobayashi T, Kamiyama M, Watanabe M, Kakuta K, Ouchi M, Kurihara A, Fukuchi N, Yasuhara A, Inagaki M, Kaga M, Kure S, Kuriyama S. Potential identification of vitamin B6 responsiveness in autism spectrum disorder utilizing phenotype variables and machine learning methods. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14840. [PMID: 30287864 PMCID: PMC6172273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33110-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether machine learning methods could potentially identify a subgroup of persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who show vitamin B6 responsiveness by selected phenotype variables. We analyzed the existing data from our intervention study with 17 persons. First, we focused on signs and biomarkers that have been identified as candidates for vitamin B6 responsiveness indicators. Second, we conducted hypothesis testing among these selected variables and their combinations. Finally, we further investigated the results by conducting cluster analyses with two different algorithms, affinity propagation and k-medoids. Statistically significant variables for vitamin B6 responsiveness, including combination of hypersensitivity to sound and clumsiness, and plasma glutamine level, were included. As an a priori variable, the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS) scores was also included. The affinity propagation analysis showed good classification of three potential vitamin B6-responsive persons with ASD. The k-medoids analysis also showed good classification. To our knowledge, this is the first study to attempt to identify subgroup of persons with ASD who show specific treatment responsiveness using selected phenotype variables. We applied machine learning methods to further investigate these variables' ability to identify this subgroup of ASD, even when only a small sample size was available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Obara
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mami Ishikuro
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Gen Tamiya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Ueki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chizuru Yamanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizuno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kikuya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsubara
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masato Nagai
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Machiko Kamiyama
- Department of Education, Art and Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Mikako Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Saka General Hospital, Shiogama, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Minami Ouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Bunkyo Education Center, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Kurihara
- Fujimoto Shinjuku Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naru Fukuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Miyagi Psychiatric Center, Natori, Miyagi, Japan
- Miyagi Disaster Mental Health Care Center, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Masumi Inagaki
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Kaga
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
- Tokyo Metropolitan Tobu Medical Center for Children with Developmental Disabilities, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Disaster Public Health, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuchi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The Unversity of Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Fukuchi N, Kakizaki M, Sugawara Y, Tanji F, Watanabe I, Fukao A, Tsuji I. Association of marital status with the incidence of suicide: a population-based Cohort Study in Japan (Miyagi cohort study). J Affect Disord 2013; 150:879-85. [PMID: 23830860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marital status is one of the most frequently replicated predictors of suicide. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of marital status on the risk of suicide by gender, using a large population-based cohort in Japan. METHODS The Miyagi cohort study was a population-based, prospective cohort study of Japanese adults aged between 40 and 64 years. Between June and August 1990, 47,604 participants residing in 14 municipalities of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, completed a questionnaire on various health-related lifestyles, including marital status. During 18 years of follow-up, 146 of the participants committed suicide. We used the Cox proportional hazards regression model to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for suicide mortality according to marital status with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 106 and 40 deaths from suicide were recorded during 344,813 and 365,524 person-years of follow-up among 20,671 men and 21,076 women, respectively. We found that marital status was significantly associated with the risk of completing suicide only in men. Among men, after multivariate adjustment, HRs in reference to married were as follows: widowed or divorced, 2.84 (95% CI: 1.37-5.90); unmarried, 1.56 (95% CI: 0.67-3.64). A significantly increased risk of suicidal death was observed among widowed or divorced men, whereas no such trend was evident for women. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that men who are widowed or divorced, or unmarried, are at increased risk of suicide, whereas no such risk is evident for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naru Fukuchi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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9
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Kuriyama S, Nakaya N, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Shimazu T, Kikuchi N, Kakizaki M, Sone T, Sato F, Nagai M, Sugawara Y, Tomata Y, Akhter M, Higashiguchi M, Fukuchi N, Takahashi H, Hozawa A, Tsuji I. The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study: design of study and profile of participants at baseline. J Epidemiol 2010; 20:253-8. [PMID: 20410670 PMCID: PMC3900849 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20090093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale cohort studies conducted in Japan do not always include psychosocial factors as exposures. In addition, such studies sometimes fail to satisfactorily evaluate disability status as an outcome. METHODS This prospective cohort study comprised 49 603 (22 438 men and 27 165 women) community-dwelling adults aged 40 years or older who were included in the Residential Registry for Ohsaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, in northeastern Japan. The baseline survey, which included psychosocial factors, was conducted in December 2006. Follow-up of death, immigration, cause of death, cancer incidence, and long-term care insurance certification was started on 1 January 2007. RESULTS The response rate was 64.2%. In general, lifestyle-related conditions in the study population were similar to those of the general Japanese population; however, the proportion of male current smokers was higher in the cohort. The association between age and the proportion of those reporting psychological distress showed a clear U-shaped curve, with a nadir at age 60 to 69 years in both men and women, although more women were affected by such distress than men. The proportion of those who reported a lack of social support was highest among those aged 40 to 49 years. Most men and women surveyed did not participate in community activities. Among participants aged 65 years or older, 10.9% of participants were certified beneficiaries of the long-term care insurance system at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study is a novel population-based prospective cohort study that focuses on psychosocial factors and long-term care insurance certification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kuriyama
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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10
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Kuriyama S, Nakaya N, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Shimazu T, Kikuchi N, Kakizaki M, Sone T, Sato F, Nagai M, Sugawara Y, Akhter M, Higashiguchi M, Fukuchi N, Takahashi H, Hozawa A, Tsuji I. Factors associated with psychological distress in a community-dwelling Japanese population: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. J Epidemiol 2009; 19:294-302. [PMID: 19749498 PMCID: PMC3924098 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20080076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Asia, there has been no population-based epidemiological study using the K6, a 6-item instrument that assesses nonspecific psychological distress. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from 2006, we studied 43,716 (20,168 men and 23,548 women) community-dwelling people aged 40 years or older living in Japan. We examined the association between psychological distress and demographic, medical, lifestyle, and social factors by using the K6, with psychological distress defined as 13 or more points out of a total of 24 points. RESULTS The following variables were significantly associated with psychological distress among the population: female sex, young and old age, a history of serious disease (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, myocardial infarction, or cancer), current smoking, former alcohol drinking, low body mass index, shorter daily walking time, lack of social support (4 of 5 components), and lack of participation in community activities (4 of 5 components). Among men aged 40 to 64 years, only "lack of social support for consultation when in trouble" and a history of diabetes mellitus remained significant on multivariate analysis. Among men aged 65 years or older, age was not significantly associated with psychological distress, and the significant association with current smoking disappeared on multivariate analysis. Among women aged 40 to 64 years, a history of stroke was not associated with psychological distress. Among women aged 65 years or older, the significant association with current smoking disappeared on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS A number of factors were significantly associated with psychological distress, as assessed by the K6. These factors differed between men and women, and also between middle-aged and elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kuriyama
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Hosoya R, Murakami K, Takahashi N, Suzuki Y, Tomita T, Fukuchi N, Abo W, Nishijima M. [A case presenting with hydrocephalus and posterior fossa subdural effusion]. No Shinkei Geka 2003; 31:989-93. [PMID: 14513782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of hydrocephalus due to posterior cranial fossa subdural effusion. The patient was a 4-year-old boy, presenting headache and nausea, with a medical history of viral meningitis 2 months before. Cerebrospinal fluid provided no evidence of infection, and symptoms caused by increased intracranial pressure gradually deteriorated, although glycerol infusion was effective temporarily. Computed tomography revealed marked ventriculomegaly with subdural effusion in the right posterior cranial fossa. The subarachnoid space in the posterior fossa was very tight, and the cerebellum and brain stem were compressed anteriorly. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated stenosis of the aqueduct and foramens of Luschka and Magendie. The cerebeller tonsil was dislocated inferiorly, indicating impending herniation, so an emergency operation was performed. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was undertaken after implantation of an Ommaya reservoir for the posterior fossa subdural effusion. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and the symptoms were improved. Although hydrocephalus and subdural effusion following viral meningitis is rare, neuroimaging studies such as CT and MRI should be examined when a young child suffers from symptoms of increased intracranial pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki Hosoya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-1-1 Higahshi-tsukurimichi, Aomori-city, Aomori 030-8553, Japan
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12
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Kawanishi K, Doki Y, Shiozaki H, Yano M, Inoue M, Fukuchi N, Utsunomiya T, Watanabe H, Monden M. Correlation between loss of E-cadherin expression and overexpression of autocrine motility factor receptor in association with progression of human gastric cancers. Am J Clin Pathol 2000; 113:266-74. [PMID: 10664629 DOI: 10.1309/jh4q-25q5-0trv-w99u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of intercellular adhesion and increased cell motility synergistically facilitate tumor cell invasion. We studied these factors in 90 patients with gastric cancers by using an immunohistochemical technique to detect strong or weak expression of E-cadherin (ECD) and autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR). Normal gastric mucosa (control) reacted strongly for ECD and weakly for AMFR. In study cases, ECD was weak in 47 cases, and AMFR was strong in 39 cases. Weak ECD and strong AMFR expression were associated with tumor dedifferentiation. AMFR expression correlated positively with depth of invasion but not with lymph node metastasis. ECD expression correlated negatively with lymph node metastasis but not with depth of invasion. A strong inverse correlation was found between ECD and AMFR expression. Tumors with weak ECD and strong AMFR expression displayed a more aggressive phenotype than tumors with strong ECD and weak AMFR expression. The postoperative survival of patients with tumors with weak ECD and strong AMFR expression was significantly shorter than that of other groups. Since they are involved in the pathway to development of tumors with a more aggressive phenotype, ECD and AMFR should be examined to evaluate the biologic potential of gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawanishi
- Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
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13
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Abstract
beta-Catenin has 2 distinct roles in E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and carcinogenesis through APC gene mutation. One occurs at cell-adhesion sites, where cadherins become linked to the actin-based cytoskeleton. The others occur in the cytoplasm and nuclei and are thought to regulate cell transformation. We studied these different beta-catenins and evaluated their significance in carcinogenesis. Fresh surgical specimens were obtained from 22 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus. beta-Catenin in the free soluble fraction and the insoluble fraction was immunoblotted separately. At the same time, its localization was observed by immuno-histochemical techniques. In the normal esophageal epithelium, 91% of beta-catenin was detected in the insoluble fraction and beta-catenin staining occurred at the cell membrane, in co-existence with E-cadherin. In cancerous tissues, the amount of soluble beta-catenin was significantly (about 4-fold) higher than in normal tissues. Also, in cancerous tissues with higher amounts of soluble beta-catenin, immuno-histochemical techniques revealed the presence of beta-catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei, as well as in the cell membrane. However, in samples with lower amounts of beta-catenin, expression was found only at the cell boundaries. The amount of soluble beta-catenin was not associated with the clinico-pathological grading of the tumors. Our results show that the accumulation of free soluble beta-catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei frequently occurs during carcinogenesis of the squamous epithelium of the esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kimura
- Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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Abstract
beta-Catenin has 2 distinct roles in E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and carcinogenesis through APC gene mutation. One occurs at cell-adhesion sites, where cadherins become linked to the actin-based cytoskeleton. The others occur in the cytoplasm and nuclei and are thought to regulate cell transformation. We studied these different beta-catenins and evaluated their significance in carcinogenesis. Fresh surgical specimens were obtained from 22 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus. beta-Catenin in the free soluble fraction and the insoluble fraction was immunoblotted separately. At the same time, its localization was observed by immuno-histochemical techniques. In the normal esophageal epithelium, 91% of beta-catenin was detected in the insoluble fraction and beta-catenin staining occurred at the cell membrane, in co-existence with E-cadherin. In cancerous tissues, the amount of soluble beta-catenin was significantly (about 4-fold) higher than in normal tissues. Also, in cancerous tissues with higher amounts of soluble beta-catenin, immuno-histochemical techniques revealed the presence of beta-catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei, as well as in the cell membrane. However, in samples with lower amounts of beta-catenin, expression was found only at the cell boundaries. The amount of soluble beta-catenin was not associated with the clinico-pathological grading of the tumors. Our results show that the accumulation of free soluble beta-catenin in the cytoplasm and nuclei frequently occurs during carcinogenesis of the squamous epithelium of the esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kimura
- Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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15
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Gofuku J, Shiozaki H, Doki Y, Inoue M, Hirao M, Fukuchi N, Monden M. Characterization of soluble E-cadherin as a disease marker in gastric cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1998; 78:1095-101. [PMID: 9792157 PMCID: PMC2063146 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1998.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble fragment of E-cadherin protein (S-ECD) is reported to be increased in the peripheral blood of cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of serum S-ECD in 81 patients with gastric cancer. The amount of serum S-ECD was significantly higher in the gastric cancer patients (4735 +/- 2310 ng ml(-1)) than in healthy volunteers (2515 +/- 744 ng ml(-1)). With the normal range cut-off at average +2 s.d., 67% patients showed abnormally high serum S-ECD levels. This frequency was significantly higher than that of other tumour markers, such as CEA (4.4%) or CA19-9 (13.3%). However, there was no significant correlation between the amount of S-ECD and clinicopathological factors. Serum S-ECD might be derived from cancer tissue, as removal of cancers by surgical treatment results in quick decline of the serum S-ECD and S-ECD can be detected by immunoblot in cancer tissues but not in normal epithelium. The serum S-ECD amount was compared with the E-cadherin expression in cancer tissues, which were classified into those showing preserved (+), partially reduced (+/-) or lost (-) expression. Interestingly, E-cadherin (+/-) tumours showed higher serum S-ECD levels than the other types, and a higher amount of S-ECD in the immunoblot analysis. Thus, the serum level of S-ECD may serve as an excellent tumour marker with high sensitivity. Furthermore, analysis of S-ECD in serum and cancer tissue can offer clues for elucidating the mechanism of reduction of E-cadherin expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gofuku
- Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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16
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Kato H, Horino A, Taneichi M, Fukuchi N, Eto Y, Ushijima H, Komuro K, Uchida T. Macrophage inhibition of lymphocyte and tumor cell growth is mediated by 25-hydroxycholesterol in the cell membrane. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1998; 117:78-84. [PMID: 9751851 DOI: 10.1159/000023993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that a lipid molecule in the membrane fraction of cloned macrophage hybridomas inhibited the growth of lymphocytes and several tumor cell lines. In this study, the inhibitory lipid molecule in the membrane fraction of macrophages was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and identified as 25-hydroxycholesterol, a family of oxysterols. This conclusion was confirmed by analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, both 25-hydroxycholesterol and the lipid molecule recovered from macrophage cell membrane induced apoptosis of the murine T cell lymphoma, BW-5147. These results suggest that an oxysterol expressed in the macrophage cell membrane may participate in the regulation of cell growth through cell contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Department of Safety Research on Biologics, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Fukuchi N, Furihata K, Nakayama J, Goudo T, Takayama S, Isogai A, Suzuki A. Rotihibins, novel plant growth regulators from Streptomyces graminofaciens. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1995; 48:1004-10. [PMID: 7592044 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.48.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the course of screening search for plant growth regulators, a culture filtrate of Streptomyces graminofaciens 3C02 was found to inhibit the growth of lettuce seedlings. The active substances, named rotihibin A (1) and B (2), were revealed to be lipo-peptidal compounds. Rotihibins inhibit growth of various plants at below 1 microgram/ml, but do not show lethal activity even at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuchi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Fukuchi N, Isogai A, Nakayama J, Suzuki A. Structure of syringotoxin B, a phytotoxin produced by citrus isolates of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Agric Biol Chem 1990; 54:3377-9. [PMID: 1368646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Fukuchi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Watanabe Y, Sato I, Shimojima T, Ikeda K, Fukuchi N, Suganuma N, Hirayama Y, Hayashi T, Kameyama S. [The study of dentifrice containing Phellodendron amurense extracts on periodontal disease (I). The anti-inflammatory effects and clinical effects of Phellodendron amurense extract on periodontal disease]. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi 1988; 30:875-86. [PMID: 3253355 DOI: 10.2329/perio.30.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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