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Magagnin G, Lubin C, Escher M, Weber N, Tortech L, Barrett N. Ferroelastic Twin Angles at the Surface of CaTiO_{3} Quantified by Photoemission Electron Microscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:056201. [PMID: 38364151 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.056201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We use photoemission electron microscopy to measure the ferroelastic twin wall angles at the surface of CaTiO_{3} (001) and deduce the strain ordering. We analyze the angular dependence of the photoelectron emission from different domain surfaces, each with its own characteristic tilt angle in the factory rooflike topography. By considering the surface topography as a field perturbation, the offset in the photoemission threshold can be directly related to the tilt angles. With knowledge of the symmetry allowed twin walls we quantify the twin angles between 179.1° to 180.8°.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Magagnin
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Lubin
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Escher
- Focus GmbH, Neukirchner Straße 2, D-65510 Hünstetten-Kesselbach, Germany
| | - N Weber
- Focus GmbH, Neukirchner Straße 2, D-65510 Hünstetten-Kesselbach, Germany
| | - L Tortech
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Barrett
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Schwabenland E, Jelen CJ, Weber N, Lamparter T. Photophobotaxis in the filamentous cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna: Mechanisms and implications for photosynthesis-based light direction sensing. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38269403 DOI: 10.1111/php.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna filaments move from dark to illuminated areas by twitching motility. Time-lapse recordings demonstrated that this photophobotaxis response was based on random movements with movement reversion at the light-dark border. The filaments in the illuminated area form a biofilm attached to the surface. The wild-type and the pixJ and cphA mutants were investigated for photophobotaxis at diverse wavelengths and intensities. CphA is a cyanobacterial phytochrome; PixJ is a biliprotein with a methyl-accepting chemotaxis domain and is regarded as a phototaxis photoreceptor in other species. The cphA mutant exhibited reduced biofilm surface binding. The pixJ mutant was characterized as a negative photophobotaxis regulator and not as a light direction sensor. 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) blocks electron transfer in PS II. At concentrations of 100 and 1000 μM DCMU, photophobotaxis was inhibited to a greater extent than motility, suggesting that PSII has a role in photophobotaxis. We argue that the intracellular concentrations of regular photoreceptors, including CphA or PixJ, are too small for a filament to sense rapid light intensity changes in very weak light. Three arguments, specific inhibition by DCMU, broad spectral sensitivity, and sensitivity against weak light, support photosynthesis pigments for use as photophobotaxis sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nora Weber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, JKIP, Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Appi E, Weissenbilder R, Nagyillés B, Diveki Z, Peschel J, Farkas B, Plach M, Vismarra F, Poulain V, Weber N, Arnold CL, Varjú K, Kahaly S, Eng-Johnsson P, L'Huillier A. Two phase-matching regimes in high-order harmonic generation. Opt Express 2023; 31:31687-31697. [PMID: 37858988 DOI: 10.1364/oe.488298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) provides scalable sources of coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation with pulse duration down to the attosecond time scale. Efficient HHG requires the constructive interplay between microscopic and macroscopic effects in the generation volume, which can be achieved over a large range of experimental parameters from the driving field properties to those of the generating medium. Here, we present a systematic study of the harmonic yield as a function of gas pressure and medium length. Two regimes for optimum yield are identified, supporting the predictions of a recently proposed analytical model. Our observations are independent on the focusing geometry and, to a large extent, on the pulse duration and laser intensity, providing a versatile approach to HHG optimization.
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Gimbert M, Doyen M, Weber N, Delmas A, Vignaud A, Fabre I, Ginisty C, Lecomte Y, Berland V, Becuwe Desmidt S, Roger S, Felblinger J. Évaluation de l’exposition au champ magnétique statique des manipulateurs en électroradiologie médicale d’un centre de recherche travaillant à proximité d’IRM 3T et 7T à l’aide d’un dispositif portable. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2022.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Hunt R, Peiris S, Weber N. Bayesian estimation of Gegenbauer processes. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2022.2138883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Hunt
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S. Peiris
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - N. Weber
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Rajendran K, Benson JC, Lane J, Diehn F, Weber N, Thorne J, Larson N, Fletcher J, McCollough C, Leng S. Reply. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:E44. [PMID: 36202549 PMCID: PMC9731242 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Rajendran
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - J C Benson
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - J Lane
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - F Diehn
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - N Weber
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - J Thorne
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - N Larson
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - J Fletcher
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - C McCollough
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
| | - S Leng
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochester, Minnesota
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Limper A, Weber N, Brodersen A, Keller R, Wessling M, Linkhorst J. Additive Manufacture of Porous Electrodes for Electrochemical Flow Reactors. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Limper
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - N. Weber
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - A. Brodersen
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - R. Keller
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - M. Wessling
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
- DWI – Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstraße 50 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - J. Linkhorst
- RWTH Aachen University Chemical Process Engineering Forckenbeckstr. 51 52074 Aachen Germany
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Weber N, Lennartz R, Knitza J, Bayat S, Sadeghi M, Ibrahim AA, Karatastan C, Sudhakar A, Ramzezanzadegan N, Kahali S, Mirzayev A, Schuster L, Schett G, Eskofier BM, Kleyer A. AB1528-HPR FULL BODY HAPTIC BODYSUIT - AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE THE RANGE AND SPEED OF MOTION IN PATIENTS WITH AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS (axSpA) - PRELIMINARY RESULTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMovement of the spine is restricted in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) [1]. Spine function is usually assessed by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), which is based on a limited set of defined motions that are measured semiquantitatively in the spatial dimension but not in the temporal dimension. Sensor-based measurement of spine function in axSpA patients is in its infancy but may provide a deeper and more detailed understanding of the impact of axSpA on the impairment of spine function [2,3]. In theory, unbiased full body assessment of spine motion may open a new dimension in function analysis in axSpA.ObjectivesTo test if a of a full-body based haptic capturing of spine motion is technically feasible and can pick up the measurements of BASMI items 1-5. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate whether such measurements are accurate and reproducible comparing to BASMI scores done by rheumatologists. Lastly, we sought to measure velocity of spine movements to allow spatiotemporal analysis of motion.MethodsFor full-body haptic assessment of spine motion a full-body haptic suit (Teslasuit; VR Electronics Ltd, London) was used that consists of a smart textile two-piece bodysuit that not only captures range and speed of motion but also provides biometric and haptic feedback. This device is currently tested in clinical trials (https://teslasuit.io/rehabilitation/) but has not been tested in rheumatic diseases such as axSpA [4]. Since there is no pre-defined technical solution for measuring BASMI, we used the integrated inertial measurement units (IMUs) of the suit (Figure 1a). The suit is recording the position and rotations of its IMUs and is transforming the raw data to position coordinates and joint angle of the bones. We implemented an algorithm that is accessing the sensor data and is calculating the BASMI measurements as well as velocity. Assessment were done in healthy individuals. BASMI was obtained 3 times by teslasuit followed by standard BASMI measurement by 2 independent rheumatologists. In addition, rotational movements with their maximum torso speed to evaluate angular velocity were performed (Figure 1b). Measurements were compared using absolute values and relative standard deviation (which is the standard deviation normalized by the mean).ResultsFive healthy individuals (all males, age: 27.6 ± 1.8 years, height: 178 ± 5 cm; weight 70.0 ± 8.0 kg) were assessed. Teslasuit measurements were well tolerated. Technically, we were able to calculate BASMI item 3 and 5, finger-to-floor distance and the velocity of the spine movement using the position data of hand, talus and upper back sensors (Figure 1a, b). Due to absence of sensors at the head and the required back areas, BASMI 1, 2, 4 could only partially be captured and require further programming, which is currently performed. Only marginal differences were detected regarding the relative standard deviations of measurements between teslasuit and rheumatologists (BASMI 3: rheumatologists 8,5%: suit 10%; BASMI 5: rheumatologists 5,4%: suit 4,9%) (Figure 1c). The speed of spinal motion could be measured with an average angular velocity of 172.2 degrees/sec over the entire rotation motion and an average maximum angular velocity of 417.2 degrees/sec.ConclusionThis study shows that full-body haptic-suits can capture spinal motion including parts of the BASMI score. In addition, they allow to measure the speed of spinal movement, which might be an important and so far unrecognized factor to test the impact of axSpA on spinal function. Based on these results, full-body haptic-suits will be tested in axSpA patients in the future. Furthermore, technical solutions are currently developed to implement the remaining BASMI scores into the suit as well as connections from the suit to virtual reality devices for patients and doctors.References[1]Sieper, J. and D. Poddubnyy, Axial spondyloarthritis. Lancet 2017.[2]Gardiner, P.V., et al., Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020.[3]Kiefer, D., et al., S J Rheumatol 2022.[4]Caserman, P. et al Sensors (Basel) 2021.AcknowledgementsThis work was (partly) funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – SFB 1483 – Project-ID 442419336, EmpkinS.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Weber N, Hofmeister M, Wunsch N, Kohler A, Kaster AK, Vollmers J, Kachel B, Mack M, Lamparter T. Natural Transformation, Protein Expression, and Cryoconservation of the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna. J Vis Exp 2022. [DOI: 10.3791/63470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Lamparter T, Babian J, Fröhlich K, Mielke M, Weber N, Wunsch N, Zais F, Schulz K, Aschmann V, Spohrer N, Krauß N. The involvement of type IV pili and the phytochrome CphA in gliding motility, lateral motility and photophobotaxis of the cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0249509. [PMID: 35085243 PMCID: PMC8794177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phormidium lacuna is a naturally competent, filamentous cyanobacterium that belongs to the order Oscillatoriales. The filaments are motile on agar and other surfaces and display rapid lateral movements in liquid culture. Furthermore, they exhibit a photophobotactic response, a phototactic response towards light that is projected vertically onto the area covered by the culture. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena are unclear. We performed the first molecular studies on the motility of an Oscillatoriales member. We generated mutants in which a kanamycin resistance cassette (KanR) was integrated in the phytochrome gene cphA and in various genes of the type IV pilin apparatus. pilM, pilN, pilQ and pilT mutants were defective in gliding motility, lateral movements and photophobotaxis, indicating that type IV pili are involved in all three kinds of motility. pilB mutants were only partially blocked in terms of their responses. pilB is the proposed ATPase for expelling of the filament in type IV pili. The genome reveals proteins sharing weak pilB homology in the ATPase region, these might explain the incomplete phenotype. The cphA mutant revealed a significantly reduced photophobotactic response towards red light. Therefore, our results imply that CphA acts as one of several photophobotaxis photoreceptors or that it could modulate the photophobotaxis response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Lamparter
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jennifer Babian
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Fröhlich
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marion Mielke
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nora Weber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nadja Wunsch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Finn Zais
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kevin Schulz
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vera Aschmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nina Spohrer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Norbert Krauß
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe, Germany
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11
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Waleczek FJG, Sansonetti M, Xiao K, Jung M, Mitzka S, Dendorfer A, Weber N, Perbellini F, Thum T. Chemical and mechanical activation of resident cardiac macrophages in the living myocardial slice ex vivo model. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:63. [PMID: 36449104 PMCID: PMC9712328 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Resident cardiac macrophages (rcMACs) are among the most abundant immune cells in the heart. Plasticity and activation are hallmarks of rcMACs in response to changes in the microenvironment, which is essential for in vitro experimentation. The in vivo investigation is confounded by the infiltration of other cells hindering direct studies of rcMACs. As a tool to investigate rcMACs, we applied the ex vivo model of living myocardial slices (LMS). LMS are ultrathin ex vivo multicellular cardiac preparations in which the circulatory network is interrupted. The absence of infiltration in this model enables the investigation of the rcMACs response to immunomodulatory and mechanical stimulations. Such conditions were generated by applying interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) or interleukine-4 (IL-4) and altering the preload of cultured LMS, respectively. The immunomodulatory stimulation of the LMS induced alterations of the gene expression pattern without affecting tissue contractility. Following 24 h culture, low input RNA sequencing of rcMACs isolated from LMS was used for gene ontology analysis. Reducing the tissue stretch (unloading) of LMS altered the gene ontology clusters of isolated rcMACs with intermediate semantic similarity to IFN-γ triggered reaction. Through the overlap of genes affected by IFN-γ and unloading, we identified Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) as a potential marker gene for inflammation of rcMACs as significantly altered in whole immunomodulated LMS. MicroRNAs associated with the transcriptomic changes of rcMACs in unloaded LMS were identified in silico. Here, we demonstrate the approach of LMS to understand load-triggered cardiac inflammation and, thus, identify potential translationally important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. J. G. Waleczek
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - M. Sansonetti
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - K. Xiao
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.4561.60000 0000 9261 3939Fraunhofer Institute ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - M. Jung
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - S. Mitzka
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.4561.60000 0000 9261 3939Fraunhofer Institute ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - A. Dendorfer
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XWalter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Marchioninistraße 27, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - N. Weber
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - F. Perbellini
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - T. Thum
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.4561.60000 0000 9261 3939Fraunhofer Institute ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Brooks C, Weber N. Liberalization, education, and rights and tolerance attitudes. Soc Sci Res 2022; 101:102620. [PMID: 34823670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rights and a tolerance of diversity are central to a democratic polity, and for over 60 years scholars have viewed education as a powerful wellspring of liberal attitudes on these issues. But recent concerns with selection bias raise questions about whether exposure to education indeed shapes attitudes. This study offers new perspective on the influence of education on rights and tolerance attitudes in the United States. We use a larger and wider-ranging array of items (63) than has been considered in recent scholarship on this topic. Analyzing General Social Surveys panel data, we apply the Morgan/Winship model to address selection bias concerns. We find novel evidence that education shapes rights and tolerance attitudes. It is exposure to college education, not high school, that appears to be most consequential, suggesting the importance of higher-educational institutions to the diffusion of liberal attitudes. We discuss study limitations and directions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clem Brooks
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University Bloomington, 1020 E. Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405 - 7103, USA.
| | - Nora Weber
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University Bloomington, 1020 E. Kirkwood Ave, Bloomington, IN, 47405 - 7103, USA
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13
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De Ieso F, Mutke MR, Brasier NK, Raichle CJ, Keller B, Sucker C, Abdelhamid K, Bloch T, Reissenberger P, Schönenberg L, Fischer SK, Saboz J, Weber N, Schädelin S, Bruni N, Wright PR, Eckstein J. Body composition analysis in patients with acute heart failure: the Scale Heart Failure trial. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:4593-4606. [PMID: 34647695 PMCID: PMC8712800 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims In this study, we aimed to investigate whether body composition analysis (BCA) derived from bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) could be used to monitor the hydration status of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) during intensified diuretic therapy. Methods and results This observational, single‐centre study involved a novel, validated eight‐electrode segmental body composition analyser to perform BCA derived from BIVA with an alternating current of 100 μA at frequencies of 5, 7.5, 50, and 75 kHz. The BCA‐derived and BIVA‐derived parameters were estimated and compared with daily body weight measurements in hospitalized patients with AHF. A total of 867 BCA and BIVA assessments were conducted in 142 patients (56.3% men; age 76.8 ± 10.7 years). Daily changes in total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) were significantly associated with changes in body weight in 62.2% and 89.1% of all measurements, respectively (range, ±1 kg). Repeated measures correlation coefficients between weight loss and TBW loss resulted with rho 0.43, P < 0.01, confidence interval (CI) [0.36, 0.50] and rho 0.71, P > 0.01, CI [0.67, 0.75] for ECW loss. Between the first and last assessments, the mean weight loss was −2.5 kg, compared with the −2.6 L mean TBW loss and −1.7 L mean ECW loss. BIVA revealed an increase in mean Resistance R and mean Reactance Xc across all frequencies, with the subsequent reduction in body fluid (including corresponding body weight) between the first and last assessments. Conclusions Body composition analysis derived from BIVA with a focus on ECW is a promising approach to detect changes in hydration status in patients undergoing intensified diuretic therapy. Defining personalized BIVA reference values using bioelectrical impedance devices is a promising approach to monitor hydration status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorangelo De Ieso
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reinhold Mutke
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | | | - Christina Janitha Raichle
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Keller
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Celine Sucker
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Tiziano Bloch
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jonas Saboz
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nora Weber
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schädelin
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Bruni
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R Wright
- Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Eckstein
- CMIO Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
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14
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Schäfer VS, Weber N. [73/f-Pronounced fatigue, myalgia of the shoulder joints and pelvic girdle as well as recently occurring headaches : Preparation for the medical specialist examination: part 62]. Internist (Berl) 2021; 62:418-422. [PMID: 34110424 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-021-01051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V S Schäfer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinik für Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
| | - N Weber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Klinik für Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
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15
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Karakostas P, Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Hass MD, Weber N, Brossart P, Schäfer VS. [Prevalence of hypophosphatasia in adult patients in rheumatology]. Z Rheumatol 2021; 81:513-519. [PMID: 33852075 PMCID: PMC9338116 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-021-00994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Die Hypophosphatasie (HPP) ist eine genetische Erkrankung, die durch eine oder mehrere Mutationen im Gen für alkalische Phosphatase (ALP) verursacht wird, verantwortlich für die Kodierung der gewebespezifischen ALP und für den Mineralisierungsprozess. Ziel der Arbeit Bestimmung der Prävalenz der HPP bei rheumatologischen Patienten. Material und Methoden Retrospektive Analyse der Krankenakten aller erwachsener Patienten mit pathologisch erniedrigten gesamt ALP-Werten (<35 U/l), die zwischen Januar 2017 und Juni 2019 in der Rheumatologie der Medizinischen Klinik III am Universitätsklinikum Bonn behandelt wurden. Die Analyse wurde in Bezug auf klinische Zeichen sowie auf die Ergebnisse der Gentests für HPP untersucht. Ergebnisse Bei 60 von 2289 Patienten (2,62 %) zeigten sich pathologisch niedrige ALP-Werte, bei 30 von ihnen (1,31 %) wurden persistierend niedrige ALP-Werte festgestellt. Bei 19 dieser 30 Patienten wurde ein Gentest für ALP-Genmutationen durchgeführt. Sieben der 19 Patienten (36,84 %) hatten HPP-Zeichen (Insuffizienzfrakturen oder schlechter Zahnstatus seit der Kindheit), alle mit pathologischer ALP-Mutation. Drei dieser Patienten (15,78 %) hatten jeweils eine Insuffizienzfraktur mit normwertiger Knochendichtemessung in der Vorgeschichte. Insgesamt 13 von 19 Patienten wiesen (68,42 %) Mutationen im ALP-Gen auf. Interessanterweise wurde keine Assoziation mit einer Chondrokalzinose festgestellt. Diskussion Die HPP scheint eine unterdiagnostizierte Erkrankung mit einem höheren Anteil betroffener Patienten, welche in der Rheumatologie vorstellig werden, zu sein. Daher sollten zukünftige Studien darauf abzielen, ein Diagnostikprotokoll in der klinischen Praxis zu entwickeln.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Karakostas
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
| | - R Dolscheid-Pommerich
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - M D Hass
- Zentrum für Blutgerinnungsstörungen und Transfusionsmedizin Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - N Weber
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - P Brossart
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - V S Schäfer
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Onkologie, Hämatologie, Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
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Lacorn M, Weiss T, Wehling P, Arlinghaus M, Scherf K, Baumert J, Brown H, Crowe S, Feldkamp H, Gelroth J, Godefroy S, Grano D, Hallgren M, Hochegger R, Koeberl M, Koehler P, Koerner T, Lattanzio R, Maune C, Scherf K, Sharma GM, Sontag-Strohm T, Tömösközi S, Weber N. Quantification of Wheat, Rye, and Barley Gluten in Oat and Oat Products by ELISA RIDASCREEN® Total Gluten: Collaborative Study, First Action 2018.15. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Since its introduction to the analytical community, the R5 method to quantify gluten led to a strong improvement of the situation for the food industry and celiac patients. During recent years, some questions arose on the use of the Codex Alimentarius factor of two to convert from prolamins to gluten, an overestimation of rye and barley, inadequate detection of glutelins, and the inhomogeneous distribution of gluten in oats. These limitations of the R5 method, especially when measuring oat samples, led to AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirement (SMPR®) 2017.021, which was approved by stakeholders in 2017. Objective: We present a collaborative study of a method for the quantitative analysis of wheat, rye, and barley gluten in oat and oat products using a sandwich ELISA that is based on four different monoclonal antibodies including the R5 monoclonal anitbody. Methods: The sandwich ELISA detects intact gliadins and related prolamins from rye and barley, high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) from wheat, HMW secalins from rye, and low-molecular-weight (LMW) GS from wheat. It does not detect D-hordeins from barley. Samples are extracted by Cocktail solution, subsequently followed by 80% ethanol, and analyzed within 50 min. Results: The measurement range is between 5 and 80 mg/kg gluten using a calibrator made out of a gluten extract from four different wheat cultivars. The results of the collaborative test with 19 participating laboratories showed recoveries ranging from 99 to 137% for all three grain sources. Relative reproducibility SDs for samples >10 mg/kg gluten ranged from 10 to 53%. Conclusions: The collaborative study results confirmed that the method is accurate and suitable to measure gluten from all three grain sources and has demonstrated performance on oat matrices, which meets the criteria as specified in SMPR 2017.021. Data from in-house validation experiments are available as Annex B to this publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lacorn
- R-Biopharm AG, An der neuen Bergstraße 17, Darmstadt 64297, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiss
- R-Biopharm AG, An der neuen Bergstraße 17, Darmstadt 64297, Germany
| | - Paul Wehling
- Medallion Labs, 9000 Plymouth Avenue North, Minneapolis, MN 55427
| | - Mark Arlinghaus
- Medallion Labs, 9000 Plymouth Avenue North, Minneapolis, MN 55427
| | - Katharina Scherf
- Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner Str 34, Freising 85354, Germany
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Callari R, Fischer D, Heider H, Weber N. Biosynthesis of angelyl-CoA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:72. [PMID: 29753326 PMCID: PMC5948907 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The angelic acid moiety represents an essential modification in many biologically active products. These products are commonly known as angelates and several studies have demonstrated their therapeutic benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. However, their availability for use in the development of therapeutics is limited due to poor extraction yields. Chemical synthesis has been achieved but its complexity prevents application, therefore microbial production may offer a promising alternative. Here, we engineered the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce angelyl-CoA, the CoA-activated form of angelic acid. Results For yeast-based production of angelyl-CoA we first expressed genes recently identified in the biosynthetic cluster ssf of Streptomyces sp. SF2575 in S. cerevisiae. Exogenous feeding of propionate and heterologous expression of a propionyl-CoA synthase from Streptomyces sp. were initially employed to increase the intracellular propionyl-CoA level, resulting in production of angelyl-CoA in the order of 5 mg/L. Substituting the Streptomyces sp. propionyl-CoA carboxylase with a carboxylase derived from Streptomyces coelicolor resulted in angelyl-CoA levels up to 6.4 mg/L. In vivo analysis allowed identification of important intermediates in the pathway, including methyl-malonyl-CoA and 3-hydroxyl-2-methyl-butyryl-CoA. Furthermore, methyl-malonate supplementation and expression of matB CoA ligase from S. coelicolor allowed for methyl-malonyl-CoA synthesis and supported, together with parts of the ssf pathway, angelyl-CoA titres of approximately 1.5 mg/L. Finally, feeding of angelic acid to yeasts expressing acyl-CoA ligases from plant species led to angelyl-CoA production rates of approximately 40 mg/L. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the biosynthesis of angelyl-CoA in yeast from exogenously supplied carboxylic acid precursors. This is the first report on the activity of the ssf genes. We envision that our approach will provide a platform for a more sustainable production of the pharmaceutically important compound class of angelates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0925-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Callari
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland.,Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - David Fischer
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | - Harald Heider
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | - Nora Weber
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland.
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Nolan ET, Downes KJ, Richardson A, Arkhipkin A, Brickle P, Brown J, Mrowicki RJ, Shcherbich Z, Weber N, Weber SB. Life-history strategies of the rock hind grouper Epinephelus adscensionis at Ascension Island. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:1549-1568. [PMID: 29068043 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Epinephelus adscensionis sampled from Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean, exhibits distinct life-history traits, including larger maximum size and size at sexual maturity than previous studies have demonstrated for this species in other locations. Otolith analysis yielded a maximum estimated age of 25 years, with calculated von Bertalanffy growth parameters of: L∞ = 55·14, K = 0·19, t0 = -0·88. Monthly gonad staging and analysis of gonad-somatic index (IG ) provide evidence for spawning from July to November with an IG peak in August (austral winter), during which time somatic growth is also suppressed. Observed patterns of sexual development were supportive of protogyny, although further work is needed to confirm this. Mean size at sexual maturity for females was 28·9 cm total length (LT ; 95% C.I. 27·1-30·7 cm) and no females were found >12 years and 48·0 cm LT , whereas all confirmed males sampled were mature, >35·1 cm LT with an age range from 3 to 18 years. The modelled size at which 50% of individuals were male was 41·8 cm (95% C.I. 40·4-43·2 cm). As far as is known, this study represents the first comprehensive investigation into the growth and reproduction of E. adscensionis at its type locality of Ascension Island and suggests that the population may be affected less by fisheries than elsewhere in its range. Nevertheless, improved regulation of the recreational fishery and sustained monitoring of abundance, length frequencies and life-history parameters are needed to inform long-term management measures, which could include the creation of marine reserves, size or temporal catch limits and stricter export controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T Nolan
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - K J Downes
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - A Richardson
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - A Arkhipkin
- Falkland Islands Government Fisheries Department, PO Box 598, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - P Brickle
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands
- School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
- Shallow Marine Surveys Group, PO Box 609, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - J Brown
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - R J Mrowicki
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - Z Shcherbich
- Falkland Islands Government Fisheries Department, PO Box 598, Stanley, Falkland Islands
| | - N Weber
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
| | - S B Weber
- Ascension Island Government Conservation & Fisheries Department, Georgetown, ASCN 1ZZ, Ascension Island
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Arias-Hidalgo M, Al-Samir S, Weber N, Geers-Knörr C, Gros G, Endeward V. CO 2 permeability and carbonic anhydrase activity of rat cardiomyocytes. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 221:115-128. [PMID: 28429509 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the CO2 permeability (PCO2 ) of plasma membranes of cardiomyocytes. These cells were chosen because heart possesses the highest rate of O2 consumption/CO2 production in the body. METHODS Cardiomyocytes were isolated from rat hearts using the Langendorff technique. Cardiomyocyte suspensions exhibited a vitality of 2-14% and were studied by the previously described mass spectrometric 18 O-exchange technique deriving PCO2 . We showed by mass spectrometry and by carbonic anhydrase (CA) staining that non-vital cardiomyocytes are free of CA and thus do not contribute to the mass spectrometric signal, which is determined exclusively by the fully functional vital cardiomyocytes. RESULTS Lysed cardiomyocytes yielded an intracellular CA activity for vital cells of 5070; that is, the rate of CO2 hydration inside the cell is accelerated 5071-fold. Using this number, analyses of the mass spectrometric recordings from cardiomyocyte suspensions yield a PCO2 of 0.10 cm s-1 (SD ± 0.06, n = 15) at 37 °C. CONCLUSION In comparison with the PCO2 of other cells, this value is quite high and about identical to that of the human red cell membrane. As no major protein CO2 channels such as aquaporins 1 and 4 are present in rat cardiac sarcolemma, the high PCO2 of this membrane is likely due to its low cholesterol content of about 0.2 (mol cholesterol)·(mol total membrane lipids)-1 . Previous work predicted a PCO2 of ≥0.1 cm s-1 from this level of cholesterol. We conclude that the low cholesterol establishes a PCO2 high enough to render the membrane resistance to CO2 diffusion almost negligible, even under conditions of maximal O2 consumption of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Arias-Hidalgo
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - S. Al-Samir
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - N. Weber
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - C. Geers-Knörr
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - G. Gros
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - V. Endeward
- Molekular- und Zellphysiologie and AG Vegetative Physiologie; Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; Hannover Germany
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Nies F, Wörner S, Wunsch N, Armant O, Sharma V, Hesselschwerdt A, Falk F, Weber N, Weiß J, Trautmann A, Posten C, Prakash T, Lamparter T. Characterization of Phormidium lacuna strains from the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea for biotechnological applications. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Riefer A, Weber N, Mund J, Yakovlev DR, Bayer M, Schindlmayr A, Meier C, Schmidt WG. Zn-VI quasiparticle gaps and optical spectra from many-body calculations. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:215702. [PMID: 28374685 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa6b2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic band structures of hexagonal ZnO and cubic ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe compounds are determined within hybrid-density-functional theory and quasiparticle calculations. It is found that the band-edge energies calculated on the [Formula: see text] (Zn chalcogenides) or GW (ZnO) level of theory agree well with experiment, while fully self-consistent QSGW calculations are required for the correct description of the Zn 3d bands. The quasiparticle band structures are used to calculate the linear response and second-harmonic-generation (SHG) spectra of the Zn-VI compounds. Excitonic effects in the optical absorption are accounted for within the Bethe-Salpeter approach. The calculated spectra are discussed in the context of previous experimental data and present SHG measurements for ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Riefer
- Department Physik, Universität Paderborn, 33095 Paderborn, Germany
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Weber N, Hatsch A, Labagnere L, Heider H. Production of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid and (S)-2-aminobutanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:51. [PMID: 28335772 PMCID: PMC5364695 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) has great potential as a whole-cell biocatalyst for multistep synthesis of various organic molecules. To date, however, few examples exist in the literature of the successful biosynthetic production of chemical compounds, in yeast, that do not exist in nature. Considering that more than 30% of all drugs on the market are purely chemical compounds, often produced by harsh synthetic chemistry or with very low yields, novel and environmentally sound production routes are highly desirable. Here, we explore the biosynthetic production of enantiomeric precursors of the anti-tuberculosis and anti-epilepsy drugs ethambutol, brivaracetam, and levetiracetam. To this end, we have generated heterologous biosynthetic pathways leading to the production of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid (ABA) and (S)-2-aminobutanol in baker’s yeast. Results We first designed a two-step heterologous pathway, starting with the endogenous amino acid l-threonine and leading to the production of enantiopure (S)-2-aminobutyric acid. The combination of Bacillus subtilis threonine deaminase and a mutated Escherichia coli glutamate dehydrogenase resulted in the intracellular accumulation of 0.40 mg/L of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid. The combination of a threonine deaminase from Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) with two copies of mutated glutamate dehydrogenase from E. coli resulted in the accumulation of comparable amounts of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid. Additional l-threonine feeding elevated (S)-2-aminobutyric acid production to more than 1.70 mg/L. Removing feedback inhibition of aspartate kinase HOM3, an enzyme involved in threonine biosynthesis in yeast, elevated (S)-2-aminobutyric acid biosynthesis to above 0.49 mg/L in cultures not receiving additional l-threonine. We ultimately extended the pathway from (S)-2-aminobutyric acid to (S)-2-aminobutanol by introducing two reductases and a phosphopantetheinyl transferase. The engineered strains produced up to 1.10 mg/L (S)-2-aminobutanol. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the biosynthesis of (S)-2-aminobutyric acid and (S)-2-aminobutanol in yeast. To our knowledge this is the first time that the purely synthetic compound (S)-2-aminobutanol has been produced in vivo. This work paves the way to greener and more sustainable production of chemical entities hitherto inaccessible to synthetic biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0667-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Weber
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland.
| | - Anaëlle Hatsch
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | | | - Harald Heider
- Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
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McColgan P, Gregory S, Razi A, Seunarine KK, Gargouri F, Durr A, Roos RAC, Leavitt BR, Scahill RI, Clark CA, Tabrizi SJ, Rees G, Coleman A, Decolongon J, Fan M, Petkau T, Jauffret C, Justo D, Lehericy S, Nigaud K, Valabrègue R, Choonderbeek A, Hart EPT, Hensman Moss DJ, Crawford H, Johnson E, Papoutsi M, Berna C, Reilmann R, Weber N, Stout J, Labuschagne I, Landwehrmeyer B, Orth M, Johnson H. White matter predicts functional connectivity in premanifest Huntington's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2017; 4:106-118. [PMID: 28168210 PMCID: PMC5288460 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The distribution of pathology in neurodegenerative disease can be predicted by the organizational characteristics of white matter in healthy brains. However, we have very little evidence for the impact these pathological changes have on brain function. Understanding any such link between structure and function is critical for understanding how underlying brain pathology influences the progressive behavioral changes associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we demonstrate such a link between structure and function in individuals with premanifest Huntington's. Methods Using diffusion tractography and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize white matter organization and functional connectivity, we investigate whether characteristic patterns of white matter organization in the healthy human brain shape the changes in functional coupling between brain regions in premanifest Huntington's disease. Results We find changes in functional connectivity in premanifest Huntington's disease that link directly to underlying patterns of white matter organization in healthy brains. Specifically, brain areas with strong structural connectivity show decreases in functional connectivity in premanifest Huntington's disease relative to controls, while regions with weak structural connectivity show increases in functional connectivity. Furthermore, we identify a pattern of dissociation in the strongest functional connections between anterior and posterior brain regions such that anterior functional connectivity increases in strength in premanifest Huntington's disease, while posterior functional connectivity decreases. Interpretation Our findings demonstrate that organizational principles of white matter underlie changes in functional connectivity in premanifest Huntington's disease. Furthermore, we demonstrate functional antero–posterior dissociation that is in keeping with the caudo–rostral gradient of striatal pathology in HD.
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Weber N, Gorwa-Grauslund M, Carlquist M. Improvement of whole-cell transamination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae using metabolic engineering and cell pre-adaptation. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:3. [PMID: 28049528 PMCID: PMC5209827 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whole-cell biocatalysis based on metabolically active baker’s yeast with engineered transamination activity can be used to generate molecules carrying a chiral amine moiety. A prerequisite is though to express efficient ω-transaminases and to reach sufficient intracellular precursor levels. Results Herein, the efficiency of three different ω-transaminases originating from Capsicum chinense, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Ochrobactrum anthropi was compared for whole-cell catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine to (R)-1-phenylethylamine. The gene from the most promising candidate, C. violaceum ω-transaminase (CV-TA), was expressed in a strain lacking pyruvate decarboxylase activity, which thereby accumulate the co-substrate pyruvate during glucose assimilation. However, the conversion increased only slightly under the applied reaction conditions. In parallel, the effect of increasing the intracellular pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) level by omission of thiamine during cultivation was investigated. It was found that without thiamine, PLP supplementation was redundant to keep high in vivo transamination activity. Furthermore, higher reaction rates were achieved using a strain containing several copies of CV-TA gene, highlighting the necessity to also increase the intracellular transaminase level. At last, this strain was also investigated for asymmetric whole-cell bioconversion of acetophenone to (S)-1-phenylethylamine using l-alanine as amine donor. Although functionality could be demonstrated, the activity was extremely low indicating that the native co-product removal system was unable to drive the reaction towards the amine under the applied reaction conditions. Conclusions Altogether, our results demonstrate that (R)-1-phenylethylamine with >99% ee can be obtained via kinetic resolution at concentrations above 25 mM racemic substrate with glucose as sole co-substrate when combining appropriate genetic and process engineering approaches. Furthermore, the engineered yeast strain with highest transaminase activity was also shown to be operational as whole-cell catalyst for the production of (S)-1-phenylethylamine via asymmetric transamination of acetophenone, albeit with very low conversion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0615-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Weber
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Evolva SA, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland
| | - Marie Gorwa-Grauslund
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Knudsen JD, Hägglöf C, Weber N, Carlquist M. Increased availability of NADH in metabolically engineered baker's yeast improves transaminase-oxidoreductase coupled asymmetric whole-cell bioconversion. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:37. [PMID: 26879378 PMCID: PMC4754910 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be engineered to perform a multitude of different chemical reactions that are not programmed in its original genetic code. It has a large potential to function as whole-cell biocatalyst for one-pot multistep synthesis of various organic molecules, and it may thus serve as a powerful alternative or complement to traditional organic synthetic routes for new chemical entities (NCEs). However, although the selectivity in many cases is high, the catalytic activity is often low which results in low space-time-yields. In the case for NADH-dependent heterologous reductive reactions, a possible constraint is the availability of cytosolic NADH, which may be limited due to competition with native oxidative enzymes that act to maintain redox homeostasis. In this study, the effect of increasing the availability of cytosolic NADH on the catalytic activity of engineered yeast for transamination-reduction coupled asymmetric one-pot conversion was investigated. RESULTS A series of active whole-cell biocatalysts were constructed by over-expressing the (S)-selective ω-transaminase (VAMT) from Capsicum chinense together with the NADH-dependent (S)-selective alcohol dehydrogenase (SADH) originating from Rhodococcus erythropolis in strains with or without deletion of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (GPD1 and GPD2). The yeast strains were evaluated as catalysts for simultaneous: (a) kinetic resolution of the racemic mixture to (R)-1-phenylethylamine, and (b) reduction of the produced acetophenone to (S)-1-phenylethanol. For the gpd1Δgpd2Δ strain, cell metabolism was effectively used for the supply of both amine acceptors and the co-factor pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) for the ω-transaminase, as well as for regenerating NADH for the reduction. In contrast, there was nearly no formation of (S)-1-phenylethanol when using the control strain with intact GPDs and over-expressing the VAMT-SADH coupling. It was found that a gpd1Δgpd2Δ strain over-expressing SADH had a 3-fold higher reduction rate and a 3-fold lower glucose requirement than the strain with intact GPDs over-expressing SADH. CONCLUSIONS Overall the results demonstrate that the deletion of the GPD1 and GPD2 genes significantly increases activity of the whole-cell biocatalyst, and at the same time reduces the co-substrate demand in a process configuration where only yeast and sugar is added to drive the reactions, i.e. without addition of external co-factors or prosthetic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dines Knudsen
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
- The Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milano (MI), Italy.
| | - Cecilia Hägglöf
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Nora Weber
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
- Evolva, Duggingerstrasse 23, 4153, Reinach, Switzerland.
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Weber N, Mollee P, Augustson B, Brown R, Catley L, Gibson J, Harrison S, Ho PJ, Horvath N, Jaksic W, Joshua D, Quach H, Roberts AW, Spencer A, Szer J, Talaulikar D, To B, Zannettino A, Prince HM. Management of systemic AL amyloidosis: recommendations of the Myeloma Foundation of Australia Medical and Scientific Advisory Group. Intern Med J 2016; 45:371-82. [PMID: 25169210 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic AL amyloidosis is a plasma cell dyscrasia with a characteristic clinical phenotype caused by multi-organ deposition of an amyloidogenic monoclonal protein. This condition poses a unique management challenge due to the complexity of the clinical presentation and the narrow therapeutic window of available therapies. Improved appreciation of the need for risk stratification, standardised use of sensitive laboratory testing for monitoring disease response, vigilant supportive care and the availability of newer agents with more favourable toxicity profiles have contributed to the improvement in treatment-related mortality and overall survival seen over the past decade. Nonetheless, with respect to the optimal management approach, there is a paucity of high-level clinical evidence due to the rarity of the disease, and enrollment in clinical trials is still the preferred approach where available. This review will summarise the Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Systemic Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis recently prepared by the Medical Scientific Advisory Group of the Myeloma Foundation of Australia. It is hoped that these guidelines will assist clinicians in better understanding and optimising the management of this difficult disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Weber
- Clinical Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Weber N, Monnin P, Elandoy C, Ding S. A model-based approach of scatter dose contributions and efficiency of apron shielding for radiation protection in CT. Phys Med 2015; 31:889-896. [PMID: 26112350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the contribution of scattered radiations to patient dose in CT, apron shielding is often used for radiation protection. In this study the efficiency of apron was assessed with a model-based approach of the contributions of the four scatter sources in CT, i.e. external scattered radiations from the tube and table, internal scatter from the patient and backscatter from the shielding. For this purpose, CTDI phantoms filled with thermoluminescent dosimeters were scanned without apron, and then with an apron at 0, 2.5 and 5 cm from the primary field. Scatter from the tube was measured separately in air. The scatter contributions were separated and mathematically modelled. The protective efficiency of the apron was low, only 1.5% in scatter dose reduction on average. The apron at 0 cm from the beam lowered the dose by 7.5% at the phantom bottom but increased the dose by 2% at the top (backscatter) and did not affect the centre. When the apron was placed at 2.5 or 5 cm, the results were intermediate to the one obtained with the shielding at 0 cm and without shielding. The apron effectiveness is finally limited to the small fraction of external scattered radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Weber
- University of Applied Sciences, Haute Ecole de Santé Vaud, Av. Beaumont 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Monnin
- University of Applied Sciences, Haute Ecole de Santé Vaud, Av. Beaumont 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Elandoy
- University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Ding
- University of Applied Sciences, Haute Ecole de Santé Vaud, Av. Beaumont 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Schaumann A, Weber N, Greulich T, Behr J. Eine seltene Variante von Alpha-1-Antitrypsinmangel. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Schaumann A, Vornlachner M, Miksch B, Weber N, Behr J. Berufsbedingte inhalative Sensibilisierung gegen Tulpenallergene – Falldarstellung. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Patt M, Wiemann C, Weber N, Escher M, Gloskovskii A, Drube W, Merkel M, Schneider CM. Bulk sensitive hard x-ray photoemission electron microscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:113704. [PMID: 25430117 DOI: 10.1063/1.4902141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) has now matured into a well-established technique as a bulk sensitive probe of the electronic structure due to the larger escape depth of the highly energetic electrons. In order to enable HAXPES studies with high lateral resolution, we have set up a dedicated energy-filtered hard x-ray photoemission electron microscope (HAXPEEM) working with electron kinetic energies up to 10 keV. It is based on the NanoESCA design and also preserves the performance of the instrument in the low and medium energy range. In this way, spectromicroscopy can be performed from threshold to hard x-ray photoemission. The high potential of the HAXPEEM approach for the investigation of buried layers and structures has been shown already on a layered and structured SrTiO3 sample. Here, we present results of experiments with test structures to elaborate the imaging and spectroscopic performance of the instrument and show the capabilities of the method to image bulk properties. Additionally, we introduce a method to determine the effective attenuation length of photoelectrons in a direct photoemission experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patt
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) and JARA-FIT, Research Center Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Wiemann
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) and JARA-FIT, Research Center Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N Weber
- Focus GmbH, Neukirchner Str. 2, D-65510 Hünstetten, Germany
| | - M Escher
- Focus GmbH, Neukirchner Str. 2, D-65510 Hünstetten, Germany
| | - A Gloskovskii
- DESY Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - W Drube
- DESY Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Merkel
- Focus GmbH, Neukirchner Str. 2, D-65510 Hünstetten, Germany
| | - C M Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) and JARA-FIT, Research Center Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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31
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Weber N, Koch R, Reilmann R. G02 Longitudinal Development Of Cognitive Test Scores In Premanifest And Manifest Patients Of The Registry-cohort. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Weber N, Gorwa-Grauslund M, Carlquist M. Engineered baker's yeast as whole-cell biocatalyst for one-pot stereo-selective conversion of amines to alcohols. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:118. [PMID: 25266107 PMCID: PMC4423645 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One-pot multi-step biocatalysis is advantageous over step-by-step synthesis as it reduces the number of process operation units, leading to significant process intensification. Whole-cell biocatalysis with metabolically active cells is especially valuable since all enzymes can be co-expressed in the cell whose metabolism can be exploited for supply of co-substrates and co-factors. Results In this study, a heterologous enzymatic system consisting of ω-transaminase and ketone reductase was introduced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and evaluated for one-pot stereo-selective conversion of amines to alcohols. The system was applied for simultaneous kinetic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine to (R)-1-phenylethylamine and reduction of the ketone intermediate to (R)-1-phenylethanol. Glucose was used as sole co-substrate for both the supply of amine acceptor and the regeneration of NADPH in the reduction step. Conclusions The whole-cell biocatalyst was shown to sustain transaminase-reductase-catalyzed enantioselective conversion of amines to alcohols with glucose as co-substrate. The transamination catalyzed by recombinant vanillin aminotransferase from Capsicum chinense proved to be the rate-limiting step as a three-fold increase in transaminase gene copy number led to a two-fold increased conversion. The (R)-selective NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus kefir proved to be efficient in catalyzing the reduction of the acetophenone generated in the transamination reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Weber
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.
| | - Marie Gorwa-Grauslund
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, SE-22100, Sweden.
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Weber N, Ismail A, Gorwa-Grauslund M, Carlquist M. Biocatalytic potential of vanillin aminotransferase from Capsicum chinense. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:25. [PMID: 24712445 PMCID: PMC4000252 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The conversion of vanillin to vanillylamine is a key step in the biosynthetic route towards capsaicinoids in pungent cultivars of Capsicum sp. The reaction has previously been annotated to be catalysed by PAMT (putative aminotransferase; [GenBank: AAC78480.1, Swiss-Prot: O82521]), however, the enzyme has previously not been biochemically characterised in vitro. Results The biochemical activity of the transaminase was confirmed by direct measurement of the reaction with purified recombinant enzyme. The enzyme accepted pyruvate, and oxaloacetate but not 2-oxoglutarate as co-substrate, which is in accordance with other characterised transaminases from the plant kingdom. The enzyme was also able to convert (S)-1-phenylethylamine into acetophenone with high stereo-selectivity. Additionally, it was shown to be active at a broad pH range. Conclusions We suggest PAMT to be renamed to VAMT (vanillin aminotransferase, abbreviation used in this study) as formation of vanillin from vanillylamine could be demonstrated. Furthermore, due to high stereoselectivity and activity at physiological pH, VAMT is a suitable candidate for biocatalytic transamination in a recombinant whole-cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
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Gesierich W, Reichenberger F, Weber N, Behr J. Case-Report: Späte Atelektasebildung nach endobronchialer Ventilimplantation zur endoskopischen Lungenvolumenreduktion (ELVR) bei schwerem Emphysem. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Weber N, Esche B, Mavi SC, Hönings H, Behr J. COPD des älteren Patienten: Zusammenhang zwischen kognitiven Fähigkeiten und Behandlungserfolg? Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Gesierich W, Reichenberger F, Weber N, Behr J. Pneumatozele als Komplikation einer Therapie mit Endobronchialventilen beim schweren Emphysem – eine Fallserie. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Weber N, Gorwa-Grauslund M, Carlquist M. Exploiting cell metabolism for biocatalytic whole-cell transamination by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4615-24. [PMID: 24557569 PMCID: PMC4253539 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for biocatalytic whole-cell transamination was investigated using the kinetic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine (1-PEA) to (R)-1-PEA as a model reaction. As native yeast do not possess any ω-transaminase activity for the reaction, a recombinant yeast biocatalyst was constructed by overexpressing the gene coding for vanillin aminotransferase from Capsicum chinense. The yeast-based biocatalyst could use glucose as the sole co-substrate for the supply of amine acceptor via cell metabolism. In addition, the biocatalyst was functional without addition of the co-factor pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), which can be explained by a high inherent cellular capacity to sustain PLP-dependent reactions in living cells. In contrast, external PLP supplementation was required when cell viability was low, as it was the case when using pyruvate as a co-substrate. Overall, the results indicate a potential for engineered S. cerevisiae as a biocatalyst for whole-cell transamination and with glucose as the only co-substrate for the supply of amine acceptor and PLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Weber
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Gorwa-Grauslund
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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Heller M, Weber N, Frank J, Morresi-Hauf A, Häußinger K. Vermehrte Schleimproduktion bei COPD: nicht immer aus den Atemwegen. Pneumologie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1334554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hölzner E, Baxa M, Nagelmann N, Marcegaglia M, Weber N, Benner S, Faber C, Motlik J, Reilmann R. C01 TRACK-TGHD MINIPIG—introduction of a longitudinal tgHD minipig phenotyping study using MRI, motor and cognitive endpoints. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-303524.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Weber N, Koch R, Reilmann R. J04 Measuring cognitive decline in Huntington's disease: a longitudinal analysis of the UHDRS cognitive battery. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-303524.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Karg O, Weber M, Bubulj C, Esche B, Weber N, Geiseler J, Bachl C, Schellhorn H. Akzeptanz einer telemedizinischen Intervention bei Patienten mit chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2012; 137:574-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Karg
- Pneumologisches Netzwerk Südbayern e.V
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie
| | - M. Weber
- Pneumologisches Netzwerk Südbayern e.V
- Lungenpraxis Starnberg
| | - C. Bubulj
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie
| | - B. Esche
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie
| | - N. Weber
- Pneumologisches Netzwerk Südbayern e.V
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie
| | - J. Geiseler
- Pneumologisches Netzwerk Südbayern e.V
- Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie
| | - C. Bachl
- Pneumologisches Netzwerk Südbayern e.V
- Asklepios Kliniken Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH - Konzernbereich Krankenhausfinanzierung
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Weber N, Bubulj C, Esche B. Telemedizinische Intervention bei Patienten mit COPD – Wie ist die Akzeptanz? Pneumologie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1302826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rodríguez A, Weber N, Cantón G, Moore D, Moreira A, Morrell E, Odeón A, Odriozola E, Campero C. Causes of Bovine Abortion in Argentina. J Comp Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Hamartomas are the most common benign tumors of the lungs and usually present as solitary intraparenchymal lesions a few centimeters in diameter which are detected radiologically as an incidental finding. This article reports on a case of a giant pulmonary hamartochondroma 29 cm in diameter, which impressed preoperatively and intraoperatively as an extrapulmonary neoplasm. The detection of smaller mesenchymal neoplastic lesions in the lungs and pleura is a further special feature of this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Morresi-Hauf
- Institut für Pathologie, Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Robert-Koch-Allee 2, 82131, Gauting, Deutschland.
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Morresi-Hauf AT, Weber N, Gesierich W, Büsing CM. [Biopsy diagnosis of papillary adenoma of the lung by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)]. Pneumologie 2011; 65:406-11. [PMID: 21512974 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The papillary adenoma of the lung is a rare benign neoplasia with intraparenchymal localisation and is thus, in general, difficult to access for biopsy diagnosis. Due to the rarity of this lesion, the intra-operative histological diagnosis by frozen section may be problematic. We report on a 75-year-old male patient with a lung nodule, biopsied by means of bronchoscopy with TBNA. The tissue obtained was processed histologically as a cell block and examined microscopically. The diagnosis of a papillary adenoma was made. Our case is the first report on the diagnosis of a papillary adenoma of the lung by TBNA biopsy. For our patient with impaired lung function the diagnostic procedure described here represented a less invasive alternative to the diagnostic evaluation by surgery with intraoperative frozen section examination. This case shows that the TBNA biopsy combined with processing of the tissue as a cell block may represent a contribution to the appropriate management of the patients and serve as an aid for therapy planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Morresi-Hauf
- Institut für Pathologie, Asklepios Fachkliniken München-Gauting, Gauting.
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46
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Becker S, Weber N, Esche B, Häußinger K. Lungenemphysem bei (nahezu) normaler FEV1: Grenzen der Definition der COPD. Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Weber N, Häußinger K. Der COPD Assessment Test (CAT) bei Exacerbation der COPD: Welche Symptomkomplexe lassen sich bei stationärer Therapie bessern? Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Schnabel F, Weber N, Häußinger K. Neurofibromatose und diffuse Lungenveränderungen: Zufall oder Zusammenhang? Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ohlendorf C, Weber N, Grün B, Gesierich W, Bäumer C, Morresi-Hauf A, Häußinger K. Husten bei Colitis ulcerosa: Zufall oder Zusammenhang? Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pilacinski W, Crawford A, Downey R, Harvey B, Huber S, Hunst P, Lahman L, MacIntosh S, Pohl M, Rickard C, Tagliani L, Weber N. Plants with genetically modified events combined by conventional breeding: An assessment of the need for additional regulatory data. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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