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Best R, Ahrens P. Die Patella – kleiner Knochen ganz groß. Sportverletz Sportschaden 2021; 35:184. [PMID: 34883517 DOI: 10.1055/a-1532-6036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fürmetz J, Daniel T, Sass J, Bergsträßer M, Degen N, Suero E, Ahrens P, Keppler AM, Böcker W, Thaller PH, Prall WC. Three-dimensional assessment of patellofemoral anatomy: Reliability and reference ranges. Knee 2021; 29:271-279. [PMID: 33677151 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) imaging and analysis offer new possibilities in preoperative diagnostics and surgical planning. Simultaneous 3D analysis of the joint angles and the patellofemoral anatomy allow for a realistic assessment of bony pathologies in patients with patellofemoral complaints. This study aims to develop a standardized and validated assessment of the 3D patellofemoral morphology and to establish reference ranges. METHODS Thirteen patellofemoral anatomic landmarks were defined on 3D bone models of the lower limbs based on computer tomography data and evaluated regarding inter- and intra-observer variability. Further, 60 3D models of the lower limbs of young subjects without any previous knee operation/injury were assessed and rescaled reference values for relevant patellofemoral indices were obtained. RESULTS The mean inter- and intra-observer deviation of all landmarks was below 2.3 mm. The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was between 0.8 and 1.0 and the intra-observer ICC between 0.68 and 0.99 for all patellofemoral parameters. The calculated reference ranges are: Insall-Salvati index 1.0-1.4; patella tilt 6-18°; patella shift -4 to 3 mm; patella facet angle 118-131°; sulcus angle 141-156°; trochlear depth 3-6 mm; tibial-tuberosity to trochlear groove distance(TT-TG) 2D 14-21 mm; TT-TG 3D 11-18 mm; lateral trochlear inclination 13-23°; trochlear facet angle 43-65°. CONCLUSION The demonstrated 3D analysis of the patellofemoral anatomy can be performed with high inter- and intra-observer correlation. Applying the obtained reference ranges and using existing 3D assessment tools for lower limb alignment, a preoperative 3D analysis and planning for complex knee procedures now is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fürmetz
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - T Daniel
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - J Sass
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - M Bergsträßer
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - N Degen
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - E Suero
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | | | - A M Keppler
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - W Böcker
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - P H Thaller
- 3D-Surgery, Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - W C Prall
- Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Division of Knee, Hip and Shoulder Surgery, Schoen Clinic Munich Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
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Stamer UM, Stammschulte T, Erlenwein J, Koppert W, Freys S, Meißner W, Ahrens P, Brede EM, Lindig M, Dusch M, Heitfeld S, Hoffmann E, Lux EA, Müller E, Pauli-Magnus D, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Quaisser-Kimpfbeck C, Ringeler U, Rittner H, Ulma J, Wirz S. [Recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone : Expert recommendation of the working group on acute pain of the German Pain Society, the scientific working group on pain medicine of the German Society for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and the surgical working group on acute pain of the German Society for Surgery with participation of representatives of the Drug Commission of the German Medical Association]. Anaesthesist 2020; 68:520-529. [PMID: 31396674 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-019-0622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipyrone (metamizole) is widely used for perioperative pain management in countries where it is marketed; however, uncertainty exists concerning the safe use of this drug, specifically considering the rare adverse event of an agranulocytosis. METHODS As evidence from published studies was lacking, an expert panel developed recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone. After a formal, structured consensus process, the recommendations were approved by the involved medical societies. RESULTS The panel agreed that blood cell counts shall not be standard for short-term perioperative use in patients unless they are at risk for neutropenia. The medical staff shall be aware of the symptoms and course of action when agranulocytosis is suspected. Patients shall be informed about the risks and benefits of dipyrone and about potential alternatives. The expert group concluded that dipyrone has a relatively positive risk-benefit ratio compared to other nonopioid analgesics. The group strongly recommended educating patients about the symptoms of agranulocytosis if they have received dipyrone over several days and/or treatment is to be continued after discharge, because agranulocytosis can occur several days after discontinuation of metamizole. Further recommendations refer to the information of the physician taking over the patient's care after discharge and the avoidance of re-exposure in patients having previously suffered from dipyrone-induced agranulocytosis. CONCLUSION The group's recommendations shall be communicated in order to raise medical staff's and patients' awareness of the appropriate use of dipyrone in the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M Stamer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinik Bern, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Freiburgstraße, 3010, Bern, Schweiz.
| | - T Stammschulte
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Erlenwein
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, GF Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - W Koppert
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Freys
- Chirurgische Klinik, DIAKO Ev. Diakonie-Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - W Meißner
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - P Ahrens
- Abteilung Anästhesie und operative Intensivmedizin, Aller-Weser-Klinik, Verden, Deutschland
| | - E-M Brede
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - M Lindig
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - M Dusch
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Heitfeld
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, UniversitätsSchmerzCentrum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - E Hoffmann
- Klinik für Anästhesie, operative Intensivmedizin, Notfall- und Schmerzmedizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Herne, Herne, Deutschland
| | - E A Lux
- Klinik für Schmerz- und Palliativmedizin, Katholisches Klinikum Lünen-Werne, Lünen, Deutschland
| | - E Müller
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - D Pauli-Magnus
- Klinik für Anästhesie, Schmerztherapie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - E Pogatzki-Zahn
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - C Quaisser-Kimpfbeck
- Abteilung für Anästhesie und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Freising, Freising, Deutschland
| | - U Ringeler
- Abteilung für Anästhesiologie, Palliativ‑, Intensiv- und Schmerzmedizin, Paracelsus-Klinik Golzheim, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - H Rittner
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - J Ulma
- Klinik für Schmerzmedizin und Schmerzambulanz, Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - S Wirz
- Abteilung für Anästhesie, Interdisziplinäre Intensivmedizin, Schmerzmedizin/Palliativmedizin, Zentrum für Schmerzmedizin, Weaningzentrum, CURA-GFO Kliniken Bonn, Bad Honnef, Deutschland
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Stamer UM, Stammschulte T, Erlenwein J, Koppert W, Freys S, Meißner W, Ahrens P, Brede EM, Lindig M, Dusch M, Heitfeld S, Hoffmann E, Lux EA, Müller E, Pauli-Magnus D, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Quaisser-Kimpfbeck C, Ringeler U, Rittner H, Ulma J, Wirz S. [Recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone : Expert recommendation of the working group on acute pain of the German Pain Society, the scientific working group on pain medicine of the German Society for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and the surgical working group on acute pain of the German Society for Surgery with participation of representatives of the Drug Commission of the German Medical Association]. Chirurg 2019; 90:652-659. [PMID: 31359112 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-019-0993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipyrone (metamizole) is widely used for perioperative pain management in countries where it is marketed; however, uncertainty exists concerning the safe use of this drug, specifically considering the rare adverse event of an agranulocytosis. METHODS As evidence from published studies was lacking, an expert panel developed recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone. After a formal, structured consensus process, the recommendations were approved by the involved medical societies. RESULTS The panel agreed that blood cell counts shall not be standard for short-term perioperative use in patients unless they are at risk for neutropenia. The medical staff shall be aware of the symptoms and course of action when agranulocytosis is suspected. Patients shall be informed about the risks and benefits of dipyrone and about potential alternatives. The expert group concluded that dipyrone has a relatively positive risk-benefit ratio compared to other nonopioid analgesics. The group strongly recommended educating patients about the symptoms of agranulocytosis if they have received dipyrone over several days and/or treatment is to be continued after discharge, because agranulocytosis can occur several days after discontinuation of metamizole. Further recommendations refer to the information of the physician taking over the patient's care after discharge and the avoidance of re-exposure in patients having previously suffered from dipyrone-induced agranulocytosis. CONCLUSION The group's recommendations shall be communicated in order to raise medical staff's and patients' awareness of the appropriate use of dipyrone in the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M Stamer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinik Bern, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Freiburgstraße, 3010, Bern, Schweiz.
| | - T Stammschulte
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Erlenwein
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, GF Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - W Koppert
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Freys
- Chirurgische Klinik, DIAKO Ev. Diakonie-Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - W Meißner
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - P Ahrens
- Abteilung Anästhesie und operative Intensivmedizin, Aller-Weser-Klinik, Verden, Deutschland
| | - E-M Brede
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - M Lindig
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - M Dusch
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Heitfeld
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, UniversitätsSchmerzCentrum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - E Hoffmann
- Klinik für Anästhesie, operative Intensivmedizin, Notfall- und Schmerzmedizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Herne, Herne, Deutschland
| | - E A Lux
- Klinik für Schmerz- und Palliativmedizin, Katholisches Klinikum Lünen-Werne, Lünen, Deutschland
| | - E Müller
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - D Pauli-Magnus
- Klinik für Anästhesie, Schmerztherapie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - E Pogatzki-Zahn
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - C Quaisser-Kimpfbeck
- Abteilung für Anästhesie und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Freising, Freising, Deutschland
| | - U Ringeler
- Abteilung für Anästhesiologie, Palliativ‑, Intensiv- und Schmerzmedizin, Paracelsus-Klinik Golzheim, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - H Rittner
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - J Ulma
- Klinik für Schmerzmedizin und Schmerzambulanz, Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - S Wirz
- Abteilung für Anästhesie, Interdisziplinäre Intensivmedizin, Schmerzmedizin/Palliativmedizin, Zentrum für Schmerzmedizin, Weaningzentrum, CURA-GFO Kliniken Bonn, Bad Honnef, Deutschland
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5
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Stamer UM, Stammschulte T, Erlenwein J, Koppert W, Freys S, Meißner W, Ahrens P, Brede EM, Lindig M, Dusch M, Heitfeld S, Hoffmann E, Lux EA, Müller E, Pauli-Magnus D, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Quaisser-Kimpfbeck C, Ringeler U, Rittner H, Ulma J, Wirz S. [Recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone : Expert recommendation of the working group on acute pain of the German Pain Society, the scientific working group on pain medicine of the German Society for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and the surgical working group on acute pain of the German Society for Surgery with participation of representatives of the Drug Commission of the German Medical Association]. Schmerz 2019; 33:287-294. [PMID: 31342162 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-019-0389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipyrone (metamizole) is widely used for perioperative pain management in countries where it is marketed; however, uncertainty exists concerning the safe use of this drug, specifically considering the rare adverse event of an agranulocytosis. METHODS As evidence from published studies was lacking, an expert panel developed recommendations for the perioperative use of dipyrone. After a formal, structured consensus process, the recommendations were approved by the involved medical societies. RESULTS The panel agreed that blood cell counts shall not be standard for short-term perioperative use in patients unless they are at risk for neutropenia. The medical staff shall be aware of the symptoms and course of action when agranulocytosis is suspected. Patients shall be informed about the risks and benefits of dipyrone and about potential alternatives. The expert group concluded that dipyrone has a relatively positive risk-benefit ratio compared to other nonopioid analgesics. The group strongly recommended educating patients about the symptoms of agranulocytosis if they have received dipyrone over several days and/or treatment is to be continued after discharge, because agranulocytosis can occur several days after discontinuation of metamizole. Further recommendations refer to the information of the physician taking over the patient's care after discharge and the avoidance of re-exposure in patients having previously suffered from dipyrone-induced agranulocytosis. CONCLUSION The group's recommendations shall be communicated in order to raise medical staff's and patients' awareness of the appropriate use of dipyrone in the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- U M Stamer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinik Bern, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Freiburgstraße, 3010, Bern, Schweiz.
| | - T Stammschulte
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Erlenwein
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, GF Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - W Koppert
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Freys
- Chirurgische Klinik, DIAKO Ev. Diakonie-Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - W Meißner
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland
| | - P Ahrens
- Abteilung Anästhesie und operative Intensivmedizin, Aller-Weser-Klinik, Verden, Deutschland
| | - E-M Brede
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - M Lindig
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - M Dusch
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - S Heitfeld
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, UniversitätsSchmerzCentrum Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - E Hoffmann
- Klinik für Anästhesie, operative Intensivmedizin, Notfall- und Schmerzmedizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Herne, Herne, Deutschland
| | - E A Lux
- Klinik für Schmerz- und Palliativmedizin, Katholisches Klinikum Lünen-Werne, Lünen, Deutschland
| | - E Müller
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - D Pauli-Magnus
- Klinik für Anästhesie, Schmerztherapie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin, DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - E Pogatzki-Zahn
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland
| | - C Quaisser-Kimpfbeck
- Abteilung für Anästhesie und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Freising, Freising, Deutschland
| | - U Ringeler
- Abteilung für Anästhesiologie, Palliativ‑, Intensiv- und Schmerzmedizin, Paracelsus-Klinik Golzheim, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - H Rittner
- Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Zentrum Interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - J Ulma
- Klinik für Schmerzmedizin und Schmerzambulanz, Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus Bremen, Bremen, Deutschland
| | - S Wirz
- Abteilung für Anästhesie, Interdisziplinäre Intensivmedizin, Schmerzmedizin/Palliativmedizin, Zentrum für Schmerzmedizin, Weaningzentrum, CURA-GFO Kliniken Bonn, Bad Honnef, Deutschland
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Abstract
The findings of functional endoscopy (upper esophageal sphincter insufficiency, cardia insufficiency, esophagitis, gastric heterotopia, axial sliding hernia, and visible aerosols) can be traced back to pharyngeal acid exposure by oropharyngeal pH measurement. Significantly increased pharyngeal acid loads are seen in gastric heterotopy and axial sliding hernia. For all measured statistics, the pharyngeal acid load is in the pathological or even very pathological range. The value of functional endoscopy in the context of laryngopharyngeal reflux diagnosis is clearly documented. The findings "heterotopic gastric mucosa" and "axial sliding hernia" may cause marked airway symptoms and a pathogenetic relationship with otorhinolaryngologic reflux-associated symptoms must be postulated for these entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Michel
- HNO-Praxis im Kreiskrankenhaus, Hauptstraße 30, 64342, Seeheim-Jugenheim, Deutschland.
| | | | - T Stroh
- Refluxzentrum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Deutschland
| | - R Fritsche
- Refluxzentrum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Deutschland
| | - P Ahrens
- Refluxzentrum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Deutschland
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Postl LK, Ahrens P, Beirer M, Crönlein M, Imhoff AB, Foehr P, Burgkart R, Braun C, Kirchhoff C. Pull-out stability of anchors for rotator cuff repair is also increased by bio-absorbable augmentation: a cadaver study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2016; 136:1153-8. [PMID: 27290655 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-016-2484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a highly focused issue in current scientific research and clinical treatment. Especially in rotator cuff repair, the low bone quality of patients suffering from osteoporosis is an important issue. In this context, non-biological solutions using PMMA for anchor augmentation have been developed in the recent past. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether augmentation of suture anchors using bio-absorbable osteoconductive fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate results in improved failure load of suture anchors as well. MATERIALS AND METHODS Altogether 24 suture anchors (Corkscrew FT 1 Suture Anchors, Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) were evaluated by applying traction until pullout in 12 paired fresh frozen human cadaver humeri using a servo-hydraulic testing machine. Inclusion criteria were an age of more than 64 years, a macroscopically intact RC and an intact bone. The anchors were evaluated at the anterolateral and posteromedial aspect of the greater tuberosity. 12 suture anchors were augmented and 12 suture anchors were conventionally inserted. RESULTS The failure load was significantly enhanced by 66.8 % by the augmentation method. The fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate could be easily injected and applied. CONCLUSION The bio-absorbable cement in this study could be a promising augmentation material for RC reconstructions, but further research is necessary-the material has to be evaluated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Postl
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - P Ahrens
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - M Beirer
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - M Crönlein
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - A B Imhoff
- Department of Orthopedics and Sportorthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - P Foehr
- Department of Orthopedics and Sportorthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - R Burgkart
- Department of Orthopedics and Sportorthopedics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - C Braun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Campus Innenstadt, Nussbaumstrasse 26, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Chlodwig Kirchhoff
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
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8
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Schmitto J, Rojas S, Avsar M, Hanke J, Uribarri A, Burkhoff D, Tümler K, Ahrens P, Molitoris U, Martens A, Berliner D, Bauersachs J, Shrestha M, Cebotari S, Strueber M, Haverich A. Less-Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantations: Experience after More Than 100 Treated Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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9
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Michel F, Dannesberger R, Fritsche R, Stroh T, Ahrens P. Stellenwert der Funktionsendoskopie für die Diagnostik des extraösophagealen Refluxes. HNO 2014; 62:806-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00106-014-2912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Frølund M, Datcu R, Ahrens P, Falk L, Jensen JS. P1.029 Bacterial Vaginosis Associated Bacteria Are Detected Together with Ureaplasmas in Men But Not Associated with Non-Gonococcal Urethritis: Abstract P1.029 Table. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Sandmann GH, Siebenlist S, Lenich A, Neumaier M, Ahrens P, Kirchhoff C, Braun KF, Lucke M, Biberthaler P. Ellenbogenluxationsverletzungen beim Trendsport Bouldern. Unfallchirurg 2013; 117:274-80. [PMID: 23732615 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-013-2419-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G H Sandmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
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12
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Abstract
Distal radius fractures are the most common fractures in humans and early surgical intervention with modern plating systems is becoming increasingly more established to avoid secondary dislocation. Even fractures with slight dislocations are adequately stabilized and the affinity for surgical intervention and plating procedures is applied to secure these simple fractures. In this aspect the surgical indications are significantly dependent on X-ray examination results. Further diagnostics with respect to ligamentous and soft tissue injury are the exception although the impact energy which creates osseus fractures is sufficient by far to destroy functional soft tissue, cartilage and ligaments. The ongoing development of wrist arthroscopy enables new possibilities especially concerning concomitant articular involvement of distal radius fractures. Arthroscopy-assisted reduction and stabilization as well as minimally invasive soft tissue repair and loose body removal seem to be adequate methods to improve the surgical treatment of distal radius fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deiler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstraße 22, 80809 München.
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13
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Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux diseases represent a diagnostic challenge, not least since no single diagnostic procedure has been able to establish a causal link between pathological reflux and chronic upper and lower airway diseases. By combining a variety of procedures which point to a link (multi-channel pH measurement, impedance measurement of the esophagus, video panendoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and quantification of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages) and careful differential and exclusion diagnoses, reflux-related diseases can be diagnosed with sufficient precision. In addition to initially successful PPI therapy, surgical intervention (hemifundoplication) is the method of choice in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ahrens
- Darmstädter Kinderkliniken Prinzessin Margaret, Dieburgerstr. 31, 64287, Darmstadt, Deutschland.
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14
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Focken T, Steinemann D, Skawran B, Hofmann W, Ahrens P, Arnold N, Kroll P, Kreipe H, Schlegelberger B, Gadzicki D. Human BRCA1-associated breast cancer: no increase in numerical chromosomal instability compared to sporadic tumors. Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 135:84-92. [PMID: 22024613 DOI: 10.1159/000332005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 is a major gatekeeper of genomic stability. Acting in multiple central processes like double-strand break repair, centrosome replication, and checkpoint control, BRCA1 participates in maintaining genomic integrity and protects the cell against genomic instability. Chromosomal instability (CIN) as part of genomic instability is an inherent characteristic of most solid tumors and is also involved in breast cancer development. In this study, we determined the extent of CIN in 32 breast cancer tumors of women with a BRCA1 germline mutation compared to 62 unselected breast cancers. We applied fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere-specific probes for the chromosomes 1, 7, 8, 10, 17, and X and locus-specific probes for 3q27 (BCL6), 5p15.2 (D5S23), 5q31 (EGR1), 10q23.3 (PTEN), and 14q32 (IGH@) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue microarray sections. Our hypothesis of an increased level of CIN in BRCA1-associated breast cancer could not be confirmed by this approach. Surprisingly, we detected no significant difference in the extent of CIN in BRCA1-mutated versus sporadic tumors. The only exception was the CIN value for chromosome 1. Here, the extent of CIN was slightly higher in the group of sporadic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Focken
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Frolund M, Datcu R, Ahrens P, Lidbrink P, Bjornelius E, Jensen JS. P3-S1.28 Is urethritis of unknown aetiology caused by bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis? Sex Transm Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Ahrens P, Frolund M, Al-Soud WA, Wikstrom A, Lidbrink P, Cullberg M, Sorensen SJ, Jensen JS. P4-S4.01 Investigation of the bacterial diversity in urine of urethritis patients and healthy controls using 454 high-throughput-sequencing. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Frolund M, Lidbrink P, Cullberg M, Wikstrom A, Ahrens P, Jensen JS. P3-S7.14 The association of Ureaplasma urealyticum with male non-gonococcal urethritis. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Leonhardt S, Ahrens P, Kecman V. Analysis of Tidal Breathing Flow Volume Loops for Automated Lung-Function Diagnosis in Infants. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2010; 57:1945-53. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2010.2046168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Rohrschneider K, Brill B, Bayer Y, Ahrens P. Würfel-Test – eine einfache Methode zur Visusbestimmung bei Sehbehinderung im Kleinkindalter. Ophthalmologe 2010; 107:641-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-009-2095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Jain A, Davis PA, Ahrens P, Livingstone JI, Cahill CJ. Is day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy acceptable to patients? A 5-year study. MINIM INVASIV THER 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/13645700009063040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Bolund L, Ahrens P, Albertsen H, Jensen PKA, Kruse TA, Kolvraa S. DNA probes for linkage analysis of X linked diseases: Localisation of the disease locus for anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Clin Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1986.tb00523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Tapalski D, Hendriksen RS, Hasman H, Ahrens P, Aarestrup FM. Molecular characterisation of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from Gomel region, Belarus. Clin Microbiol Infect 2007; 13:1030-3. [PMID: 17697002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the characterisation by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) typing and antimicrobial resistance profiles of 35 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates, mostly from infections in children who acquired an infection outside hospitals in the Gomel region of Belarus. Thirty-one isolates were highly similar according to PFGE and MLVA typing, were multidrug-resistant, including resistance to ceftiofur, and harboured the bla(CTX-M-5) gene. These results indicate that a common source may have been responsible for most of the infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tapalski
- Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
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23
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Köster S, Odendahl R, Ahrens P, Beck M, Tsiakas K, Herting E, Göpel W. Morbus Gaucher Typ II – eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose der lamellären Hautschuppung beim Neugeborenen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Bendiks M, Göpel W, Köster S, Odendahl R, Ahrens P, Herting E. Erfolgreiche Therapie eines konnatalen Chylothorax mit dem Somatostatin-Analogon Octreotid. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Herz A, Odendahl R, Ahrens P, Göpel W, Nowak G, Axt Fliedner R, Petersen D, Herting E. Interventioneller Verschluss der tumorversorgenden A. cerebri posterior bei einem atypischem Plexuspapillom eines Frühgeborenen der 35. SSW (GG 2230g). Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Abstract
10764 Background: To report a unique case of papilloma of the breast with metastases to the axillary lymph node. Methods: Case report and review of literature. Results: 80 year old Caucasian male presented with right gynacomastia of 3 months duration. The lesion was resected. Pathology was consistent with intraductal papilloma with hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy. Subsequently, after 2–3 weeks a mass was noted in the right axilla. This mass was resected and was found to be consistent with papilloma of the axillary lymph node and had the pathological characteristics of the original breast papilloma. Conclusion: Solitary papillomas are generally lesions of the large ducts usually located in the subareolar region of the breast. They are among the commonest cause of spontaneous nipple discharge. After resection of the primary lesion, local recurrence is fairly common. Recurrence is especially common if hyperplasia is associated with the papilloma. There is also an increased incidence of carcinoma in the affected breast. Due to the benign nature of papillomas, they do not metastasize. We did an extensive review of literature and did not find any cases of metastatic lesions from a papilloma of the breast. The underlying reason and pathogenesis for the metastases is not known. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Singh
- Heartland Oncology and Hematology, Council Bluffs, IA; VAMC, Huntington, WV; Jennie Edmundson Memorial Hospital, Council Bluffs, IA
| | - E. Tso
- Heartland Oncology and Hematology, Council Bluffs, IA; VAMC, Huntington, WV; Jennie Edmundson Memorial Hospital, Council Bluffs, IA
| | - A. Kumar
- Heartland Oncology and Hematology, Council Bluffs, IA; VAMC, Huntington, WV; Jennie Edmundson Memorial Hospital, Council Bluffs, IA
| | - P. Ahrens
- Heartland Oncology and Hematology, Council Bluffs, IA; VAMC, Huntington, WV; Jennie Edmundson Memorial Hospital, Council Bluffs, IA
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital ichthyosis is a generalized hyperkeratinization of the skin at birth. Depending on clinical aspects and severity, three forms of congenital ichthyosis have been defined: mitis, tarda, and gravis. Desquamation of the parchment-like hyperkeratinized skin begins shortly after birth and may require several weeks to complete. Skin alterations in the eyelid cause shortening of the anterior lamella, subsequently resulting in ectropion. This affects the upper eyelid more often than the lower and can lead to complications such as chronic palpebral or bulbar conjunctivitis and keratinization or exposure keratopathy. Here we present two case reports illustrating the course of ichthyosis congenita mitis and gravis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient 1 (ichthyosis congenita mitis): a male baby prematurely born at 34+2 weeks of gestation was delivered by cesarean section. The entire body was covered by a parchment-like hyperkeratinized skin. Both eyes showed ectropion of the upper and the lower eyelid, which was more obvious with enforced lid closure. Frequent application of external ointment and spontaneous desquamation led to resolution of the ectropion. Patient 2 (ichthyosis congenita gravis): a male baby prematurely born at 35+4 weeks of gestation was delivered by cesarean section. At birth the child showed the signs of a collodion baby with ectropion of all four eyelids in combination with a characteristic "fish mouth" and rudimentary external ears. The child died on the 14th day of life of septicaemia. CONCLUSION In mild forms of congenital ichthyosis surgical treatment of eyelid ectropion is not required. In more severe cases a skin graft may become necessary. Various although limited sources of graft material which are discussed can be considered.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/therapy
- Biopsy
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Ectropion/diagnosis
- Ectropion/genetics
- Ectropion/therapy
- Fatal Outcome
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genes, Dominant/genetics
- Genes, Recessive/genetics
- Humans
- Ichthyosis, Lamellar/diagnosis
- Ichthyosis, Lamellar/genetics
- Ichthyosis, Lamellar/therapy
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/genetics
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/therapy
- Intensive Care, Neonatal
- Male
- Remission, Spontaneous
- Skin/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Menke
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck
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28
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Osborne DR, Ahrens P. Portal hypertension. K.J. Paquet, H. Denck and R. Berchtold. 225 × 155 mm. Pp. 282 + x. Illustrated. 1982. Basel: S. Karger AG. S.Fr. 65. Br J Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800710244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Jacobsen NR, Bogdanovich T, Skurnik M, Lübeck PS, Ahrens P, Hoorfar J. A real-time PCR assay for the specific identification of serotype O:9 of Yersinia enterocolitica. J Microbiol Methods 2005; 63:151-6. [PMID: 16226639 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2005.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2004] [Revised: 03/01/2005] [Accepted: 03/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A real-time PCR assay was developed based on a 181-bp fragment of the recently cloned per gene, including an internal amplification control (124 bp), for the detection of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 (Ye O:9). The validation included 48 Ye O:9, 33 Y. enterocolitica non-O:9 and 35 other closely-related bacterial strains, containing per gene homologies. The assay was specific for the Ye O:9 tested, the detection limit was 1-10 genome copies of purified DNA and amplification efficiency was between 90.5-103%, indicating a linear regression throughout the detection window.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Jacobsen
- Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research (DFVF), Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Göpel W, Härtel C, Ahrens P, König I, Kattner E, Kuhls E, Küster H, Möller J, Müller D, Roth B, Segerer H, Wieg C, Herting E. Interleukin-6-174-genotype, sepsis and cerebral injury in very low birth weight infants. Genes Immun 2005; 7:65-8. [PMID: 16208404 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between the interleukin 6 (IL-6)-174-genotype and unfavorable outcomes in preterm infants since it has been reported that the IL-6-174GG-genotype is associated with increased susceptibility to sepsis, and the IL-6-174CC-genotype is more common in preterm infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). We studied 1206 preterm infants with a birth weight below 1500 g. In contrast to previously published data, the frequency of IVH grade IV, periventricular leukomalacia, ventricular-peritoneal-shunting or death was not different between infants with different IL-6-genotypes: IL-6-174GG (n = 430) 8%, IL-6-174GC (n = 605) 9% and IL-6-174CC (n = 167) 12% (P = 0.2 for IL-6-174CC vs GG + GC). Furthermore, we were not able to confirm previously reported association between sepsis and the IL-6-174GG-genotype. Blood-culture-proven sepsis occurred in 19% of IL-6-174GG-carriers (n = 157), 26% of IL-6-174GC-carriers (n = 193) and 27% of infants carrying the IL-6-174CC-genotype (n = 67). We were not able to confirm previously reported associations between sepsis, cerebral injury and the IL-6-174-genotype in VLBW-infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Göpel
- Department of Pediatrics of the University at Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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31
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Härtel C, Ahrens P, Hünseler C, Kattner E, Kuhls E, Küster H, Möller J, Segerer H, Müller D, Wieg C, Herting E, Göpel W. Interleukin-6–174-Genotyp und Sepsisrisiko bei VLBW-Frühgeborenen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Lehmann U, Ahrens P, Wingen LU, Schlegelberger B, Länger F, Kreipe H. Hypermethylation of cyclin D2 and DAP kinase is associated with the lobular subtype of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2005. [PMCID: PMC4233567 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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33
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Härtel C, Finas D, Ahrens P, Kattner E, Schaible T, Müller D, Segerer H, Albrecht K, Möller J, Diedrich K, Göpel W. Polymorphisms of genes involved in innate immunity: association with preterm delivery. Mol Hum Reprod 2004; 10:911-5. [PMID: 15516360 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gah120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An altered inflammatory activity due to functionally relevant polymorphisms of the innate immune system may influence pathways leading to labour and, therefore, impact on the frequency of preterm birth. We examined five polymorphisms of the innate immune system in a large cohort of preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, n = 909) and term-born infants (n = 491) and their mothers (n = 747). The primary outcome was preterm versus term birth. Frequencies of polymorphisms in mothers of term-born infants versus mothers of VLBW infants and term infants versus preterm VLBW infants (singletons) are given. Homozygous CD14-159T: 18.5 versus 21.8% (mothers) and 19.6 versus 21.2% (infants). Homozygous interleukin IL-6-174G: 28.8 versus 38% (P = 0.018, mothers) and 30 versus 32.7% (infants). Homozygous or heterozygous nuclear oligomerization domain NOD2-3020insC: 6.9 versus 6.1% (mothers) and 5.7 versus 5.1% (infants). Heterozygous or homozygous toll-like-receptor TLR2-Arg753Gln: 6.9 versus 6.1% (mothers) and 5.7 versus 5.1% (infants). Homozygous or heterozygous TLR4-896G: 8.1 versus 11.5% (mothers) and 11.6 versus 10.5% (infants). Although the homozygous maternal IL-6-174G genotype was found to be independently associated with preterm delivery in multivariate regression analysis, the incidence of intrauterine infection was not significantly increased in mothers of preterm VLBW-infants, carrying this or other polymorphisms of the innate immune system. The overall influence of the investigated polymorphisms on the development of preterm delivery seems moderate, since only the maternal IL6-174G genotype was associated with preterm birth and none of the polymorphisms were associated with intrauterine infection as the cause of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Härtel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Luebeck, Germany
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Abstract
AIMS To develop a multiplex PCR for detection of genes encoding the exfoliative toxins ExhA, ExhB, ExhC and ExhD from Staphylococcus hyicus and to estimate the prevalence of exfoliative toxins among Staph. hyicus isolates from Danish pig herds with exudative epidermitis (EE). METHODS AND RESULTS A multiplex PCR employing specific primers for each of the genes encoding four different exfoliative toxins was developed and evaluated using a collection of Staph. hyicus with known toxin type and a number of other staphylococcal species. A total of 314 Staph. hyicus isolates from pigs with EE were screened by multiplex PCR and the combined results of the present and previous investigations showed that ExhA, ExhB, ExhC and ExhD was found in 20, 33, 18 and 22%, respectively, of 60 cases of EE investigated. CONCLUSIONS This study has provided a new tool for detection of toxigenic Staph. hyicus and a more comprehensive picture of the prevalence of the Staph. hyicus exfoliative toxins in Danish pig herds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The multiplex PCR can be used in studies on the prevalence of toxigenic Staph. hyicus elucidating the epidemiology of EE in pigs. The multiplex PCR is currently being used for selection of Staph. hyicus isolates for production of autogenous vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O Andresen
- Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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35
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Abstract
A real-time, genus-specific 5' nuclease PCR assay for amplification of a 322-bp fragment of the per gene was developed for rapid (<2 h) identification of Brucella spp. from agar plates. The assay, including an internal amplification control (116 bp), identified Brucella strains (n = 23) and did not detect non-Brucella strains (n = 174), indicating its usefulness, particularly for laboratories with stringent quality assurance programs.
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Abstract
AIMS This study was undertaken to investigate the usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in determining the population structure of Salmonella. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 89 strains were subjected to AFLP analysis using the enzymes BglII and BspDI, a combination that is novel in Salmonella. Both species S. bongori and S. enterica and all subsp. of S. enterica were represented with emphasis on S. enterica subsp. enterica using a local strain collection and strains from the Salmonella Reference Collection B (SARB). The amplified fragments were used in a band-based cluster analysis. The tree resulting from the subgroup analysis clearly separated all subgroups with high bootstrap values with the species S. bongori being the most distantly related of the subgroups. The tree resulting from the analysis of the SARB collection showed that some serotypes are very clonal whereas others are highly divergent. CONCLUSIONS AFLP clearly clustered strains representing the subgroups of Salmonella together with high bootstrap values and the serotypes of subspecies enterica were divided into polyphyletic or monophyletic types corresponding well with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and sequence-based studies of the population structure in Salmonella. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY AFLP with the enzyme combination BglII and BspDI allows discrimination of individual strains and provides evidence for the usefulness of AFLP in studies of population structure in Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Torpdahl
- Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Bülowsvej, Copenhagen V, Denmark.
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37
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Köster S, Gessler T, Ahrens P, Möller J, Kohl M. Entwicklung eines Ultraschallverneblersystems zur totraumreduzierten Inhalation bei spontan atmenden Neugeborenen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-829317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Möller JC, Ahrens P, Geipel M, Löffler G, Reiss I, Schaible T. Aktuelles Spektrum der Grunderkrankungen von intensivpflichtigen Säuglingen (Cpap, Beatmung) in der Saison 2002/2003. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-829279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jørgensen PH, Handberg KJ, Ahrens P, Therkildsen OR, Manvell RJ, Alexander DJ. Strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1 of low pathogenicity for chickens isolated from poultry and wild birds in Denmark. Vet Rec 2004; 154:497-500. [PMID: 15130055 DOI: 10.1136/vr.154.16.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-one strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1 of low virulence for chickens were isolated in Denmark between 1996 and the beginning of 2003. The low virulence of the strains was demonstrated by sequencing the fusion (F) gene at the cleavage site motif and in some cases by determining the intracerebral pathogenicity index in day-old chicks. By using a panel of monoclonal antibodies it was shown that the isolates belonged to four different antigenic groups (five C2 isolates, six E isolates, six H isolates and four G/Q isolates). They were placed in three distinguishable genetic groups by phylogenetic analysis of a partial sequence of the F gene. The origin of the six E isolates was probably contaminated vaccines; the other viruses were isolated from wild birds and from poultry which probably came into contact with wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Jørgensen
- Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Hangøvej 2, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Braden B, Peterknecht A, Piepho T, Schneider A, Caspary WF, Hamscho N, Ahrens P. Measuring gastric emptying of semisolids in children using the 13C-acetate breath test: a validation study. Dig Liver Dis 2004; 36:260-4. [PMID: 15115338 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2003.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Radioscintigraphy is the gold standard for evaluation of gastric emptying in children, but requires exposure to ionising radiation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to validate the non-radioactive 13C-acetate breath test in children in comparison to radioscintigraphy as reference method. PATIENTS Twenty-nine children with dyspeptic or respiratory symptoms were tested for gastric emptying disorders simultaneously performing the 13C-acetate breath test and radioscintigraphy. METHODS A semisolid oatmeal was doubly labelled with 150 mg 13C-acetate and 50 MBq 99mTechnetium. Breath samples were collected every 5-10 min for 4 h. After mass spectrometrical 13C-analysis, curve fitting of the 13C-cumulative recovery to the modified power exponential function Y = m(1 - e(-kt) calculated the half emptying times of the breath test (t 1/2 (breath)). Scintigraphic image acquisition began immediately after the ingestion of the 99mTechnetium-labelled testmeal at a rate of one frame every 60 s for 1 h. RESULTS Six children showed delayed gastric emptying in scintigraphy (t 1/2(scinti) > 60 min). All these children had prolonged half emptying times t 1/2 (breath) in the 13C-acetate breath test. Using a cut-off t 1/2(breath) > 90 min, the 13C-acetate breath test had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 85%. Scintigraphic and breath test half emptying times were linearly correlated (Y = 0.80x + 47.68, r = 0.76, P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS The 13C-acetate breath test proves to be a reliable, non-radioactive alternative for measuring gastric emptying in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Braden
- Medical Department II, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt/Main, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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41
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Ahrens P. [Administration times for intranasal drops]. Med Monatsschr Pharm 2004; 27:23-4. [PMID: 14752930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ahrens
- Darmstädter Kinderkliniken Prinzessin Margaret, Zentrum für Pädiatrische Pneumologie und Allergologie, Dieburger Str. 31, 64287 Darmstadt
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Friis
- Danish Veterinary Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ahrens P, Haas S, Kitz R. Standardisierung und Optimierung der 2-Punkt-pH-Metrie-Sondenposition bei Kindern mit refluxassoziierten pulmonalen Erkrankungen. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-003-0843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lübeck PS, Wolffs P, On SLW, Ahrens P, Rådström P, Hoorfar J. Toward an international standard for PCR-based detection of food-borne thermotolerant Campylobacters: assay development and analytical validation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69:5664-9. [PMID: 12957958 PMCID: PMC194918 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.9.5664-5669.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of a European research project (FOOD-PCR), we developed a standardized and robust PCR detection assay specific for the three most frequently reported food-borne pathogenic Campylobacter species, C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari. Fifteen published and unpublished PCR primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene were tested in all possible pairwise combinations, as well as two published primers targeting the 23S rRNA gene. A panel of 150 strains including target and nontarget strains was used in an in-house validation. Only one primer pair, OT1559 plus 18-1, was found to be selective. The inclusivity and exclusivity were 100 and 97%, respectively. In an attempt to find a thermostable DNA polymerase more resistant than Taq to PCR inhibitors present in chicken samples, three DNA polymerases were evaluated. The DNA polymerase Tth was not inhibited at a concentration of 2% (vol/vol) chicken carcass rinse, unlike both Taq DNA polymerase and DyNAzyme. Based on these results, Tth was selected as the most suitable enzyme for the assay. The standardized PCR test described shows potential for use in large-scale screening programs for food-borne Campylobacter species under the assay conditions specified.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Lübeck
- Danish Veterinary Institute, DK-1790 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
Mycoplasmas identified as Mycoplasma canis were isolated from nine dogs with clinical signs of urogenital disease in Norway over a period of 20 months. Some of the dogs had been treated unsuccessfully with antibiotics, and three were euthanased as a result of severe persistent disease. Seven of the dogs had a urinary tract infection, one had chronic purulent epididymitis and one had chronic prostatitis. Overt haematuria was frequently observed among the dogs with cystitis. M canis was isolated in pure culture from seven of the dogs and in mixed culture from the other two. In three cases the mycoplasma was cultivated only from urinary sediment, and it was typically obtained in smaller numbers than would be considered indicative of a urinary tract infection. In contrast with most mycoplasmas, the M canis isolated from all the dogs grew on ordinary blood agar plates used for routine bacteriological cultivation. Specific mycoplasma media were not used and the presence of other Mycoplasma or Ureaplasma species cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M L'Abee-Lund
- Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, PO Box 8146 Dep, 003 Oslo, Norway
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Enemark HL, Ahrens P, Bille-Hansen V, Heegaard PMH, Vigre H, Thamsborg SM, Lind P. Cryptosporidium parvum: infectivity and pathogenicity of the 'porcine' genotype. Parasitology 2003; 126:407-16. [PMID: 12793644 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182003003032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Genetic studies have demonstrated profound differences between the 'porcine' genotype of Cryptosporidium parvum, versus 'human' and 'bovine' genotypes. The study analysed infectivity and pathogenicity of the 'porcine' genotype (CPP-13 isolate) of C. parvum, and compared the results with published data on the 'bovine' genotype (CPB-0 isolate). This was investigated in calves and piglets from commercial herds. Piglets were mildly affected by the CPP-13 isolate, contrary to piglets infected with the CPB-0 isolate, which caused diarrhoea of a mean duration of 3.5 days. CPP-13 produced no or very mild clinical signs in piglets despite the excretion of high numbers of oocysts. Concomitant infection with rotavirus, however, caused a dramatic aggravation of the clinical signs, and 5 of 6 experimentally infected piglets died. CPP-13 appeared to be adapted to porcine hosts as illustrated by the lack of infectivity to 1 experimentally inoculated calf, and the absence of clinical signs, the long pre-patent period (15 days), and the excretion of very low numbers of oocysts following experimental infection of another calf. Thus, in accordance with other molecular studies, our results support the genetic evidence for the existence of a new species of Cryptosporidium adapted to pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Enemark
- Danish Veterinary Institute, Bülowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark.
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Abstract
With the intention of developing a standardised method for assessment of pathogenicity of Cryptosporidium parvum, the CPB-0 isolate was studied by propagation in 1-day-old calves followed by inoculation into specific pathogen free (SPF) piglets. The experiment was repeated. Diarrhoea and shedding of oocysts were seen in all animals infected with the CPB-0 isolate. Clinical signs included depression, inappetence, vomiting (exclusively in the piglets), and death. Histological examination at 17 and 19 days post-infection revealed parasitic stages and microscopic changes primarily restricted to colon and rectum. The unintended presence of rotavirus in some of the experimental animals revealed an additive or synergistic effect between rotavirus and C. parvum as indicated by prolonged diarrhoea, increased oocyst shedding, decreased weight gain and elevated levels of serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA) in piglets infected simultaneously with both pathogens. The difference in daily weight gain between infected and control animals was significant only for piglets co-infected with rotavirus. The acute phase response of haptoglobin and SAA was characterised by a large individual variation. In piglets, co-infected with rotavirus, the levels of serum haptoglobin were 3.5 and 4.6 times higher in the infected versus the controls 6 and 9dpi, respectively (mean values: 2411microg/ml+/-S.D. 2023 and 1840 microg/ml+/-S.D. 1697). In the controls infected with rotavirus, peak haptoglobin concentration was seen 3dpi (mean: 1022 microg/ml+/-S.D. 425). Elevated levels of SAA were seen in 1 of 6 piglets infected with C. parvum, and in 5 of 6 piglets co-infected with rotavirus. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) was undetectable in all serum samples from piglets. The obvious advantages of the SPF pig model are the naturally acquired intestinal microflora, the development of distinct clinical signs similar to cryptosporidiosis in humans and calves, the size of the animals, and the accessibility of individuals born within a short time span. This makes the model ideal for dose-response studies, evaluation of therapeutic agents as well as for assessment of differences in the clinical response to isolates of diverse genetic background. In conclusion, it was shown that the CPB-0 isolate was pathogenic to calves and piglets at a dose of 2.5 x 10(5) oocysts, and that the clinical signs could be replicated during separate experiments. Moreover, diarrhoea, oocyst shedding, body weight changes, histological alterations, and the acute phase response of haptoglobin and SAA were identified as useful parameters for discrimination of isolate-specific differences of pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Enemark
- Danish Veterinary Institute, Bülowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark.
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Enemark HL, Ahrens P, Juel CD, Petersen E, Petersen RF, Andersen JS, Lind P, Thamsborg SM. Molecular characterization of Danish Cryptosporidium parvum isolates. Parasitology 2002; 125:331-41. [PMID: 12403321 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182002002226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The genetic polymorphism among 271 Danish Cryptosporidium isolates of human and animal origin was studied by partial amplification and sequencing of the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene, the 1 8S rDNA, and a microsatellite locus. Furthermore, the microsatellite locus was studied directly using fragment analysis. A comparative analysis of DNA sequences showed the presence of 3 different subgenotypes (Cl, C2 and C3) in C. parvum isolates from Danish cattle, with prevalences of 16.7, 17.2 and 73.1% including 13 (7.0%) mixed infections. Subgenotype Cl was significantly more prevalent (P < 0.001) in the southern part of Denmark. In Cryptosporidium isolates of human origin the anthroponotic subgenotype H1 was identified, in addition to the zoonotic subgenotypes C1, C2, and C3. Of 44 human samples, 56.8% were anthroponotic, whereas 40.9% were zoonotic genotypes. One human isolate was characterized as C. meleagridis. The porcine Cryptosporidium isolates (N = 4) revealed a pattern which was genetically distinct from human and bovine isolates. Cryptosporidium in a hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus L.) was identified for the first time. By microsatellite sequencing the hedgehog isolate showed a subgenotype distinct from the previously detected types. The assignment to subgenotype by microsatellite sequencing and fragment typing was 100% identical in samples where results were achieved by both methods. In addition, the fragment analysis proved more sensitive, easier, faster, and less expensive compared to sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Enemark
- Section for Parasitology, Danish Veterinary Institute, Copenhagen.
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Enemark HL, Ahrens P, Lowery CJ, Thamsborg SM, Enemark JMD, Bille-Hansen V, Lind P. Cryptosporidium andersoni from a Danish cattle herd: identification and preliminary characterisation. Vet Parasitol 2002; 107:37-49. [PMID: 12072212 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In November 1997, Cryptosporidium andersoni, for the first time, was isolated from a Danish heifer. The isolate was characterised morphologically, molecularly, and furthermore inoculated into mice and one calf. Data on the distribution of cryptosporidia in the herd of origin were obtained at two separate visits in December 1997 and April 1998. C. andersoni was detected in 27 (19.0%) of 142 cattle examined at the first visit, whereas C. parvum was found in six (4.2%). At the following visit 42 (28.0%) of 150 cattle excreted C. andersoni, while 25 (16.7%) were positive for C. parvum. Oocysts of the Danish C. andersoni isolate were ovoid, 7.3(6.5-8.0) x 5.7(5.0-7.0) microm(2) (n=25), with smooth, colourless, single layer oocyst wall and distinct oocyst residuum. The length to width ratio was 1.27 (1.14-1.40, n=25). The identification was verified by sequencing of a 246bp fragment of the rDNA, which was identical to Cryptosporidium muris, the calf genotype (AF093496). The Danish C. andersoni isolate was not transmissible to mice, whereas oocysts were detected in the faeces of one experimentally infected calf from 25 days post-infection (DPI) and shed intermittently at low numbers until 165 DPI, the day of euthanasia. No macroscopic or microscopic changes that could be attributed to infection with C. andersoni were seen in the gastro-intestinal tract of the experimentally infected calf following necropsy and histological examination. This is to our knowledge the first report of C. andersoni in Scandinavia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Enemark
- Danish Veterinary Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Kokotovic B, Friis NF, Ahrens P. Characterization of Mycoplasma hyosynoviae strains by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2002; 49:245-52. [PMID: 12121046 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00558.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyospnoviae strains from Denmark, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK were examined for variations in the genomic DNA and within the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Variations in the chromosomal DNA among 57 isolates recovered from the respiratory tract and joints of pigs, were investigated by analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphisms of the Bg/II and MfeI restriction sites and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of a BssHII digest of chromosomal DNA. Both methods allowed unambiguous differentiation of the analysed strains and showed similar discriminatory potential for the differentiation of M. hyosynoviae isolates. Concordant results obtained with the two whole-genome fingerprinting techniques evidence the considerable intraspecies genetic heterogeneity of M. hyosynoviae. Sixteen field strains of M. hyosynoviae and the type strain S16(T) were further examined for variation within the 16S rRNA gene. Ten field strains possessed the 16S rDNA sequences identical to the type strain, while the remaining six strains had sequences that differed by one to two nucleotides from that obtained from the type strain.
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