1
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Türk Y, Witte JA, van Huisstede A, Melgert BN, van Schadewijk A, Taube C, Hiemstra PS, Kappen JH, Braunstahl GJ. Visceral adipose tissue: A relevant inflammatory compartment in obesity-related asthma? Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:1295-1297. [PMID: 37752320 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Türk
- Department of Pulmonology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J A Witte
- Department of Pulmonology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A van Huisstede
- Department of Pulmonology, NorthWest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - B N Melgert
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A van Schadewijk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C Taube
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J H Kappen
- Department of Pulmonology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Immunomodulation and Tolerance Group, Inflammation Repair and Development, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - G J Braunstahl
- Department of Pulmonology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Khedoe PPSJ, van Schadewijk WAAM, Schwiening M, Ng-Blichtfeldt JP, Marciniak SJ, Stolk J, Gosens R, Hiemstra PS. Cigarette smoke restricts the ability of mesenchymal cells to support lung epithelial organoid formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1165581. [PMID: 37795260 PMCID: PMC10546195 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1165581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate lung epithelial repair relies on supportive interactions within the epithelial niche, including interactions with WNT-responsive fibroblasts. In fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or upon in vitro cigarette smoke exposure, Wnt/β-catenin signalling is distorted, which may affect interactions between epithelial cells and fibroblasts resulting in inadequate lung repair. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke (CS), the main risk factor for COPD, interferes with Wnt/β-catenin signalling in fibroblasts through induction of cellular stress responses, including oxidative- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and thereby alters epithelial repair support potential. Therefore, we assessed the effect of CS-exposure and the ER stress inducer Thapsigargin (Tg) on Wnt/β-catenin signalling activation in MRC-5 fibroblasts, and on their ability to support lung epithelial organoid formation. Exposure of MRC-5 cells for 15 min with 5 AU/mL CS extract (CSE), and subsequent 6 h incubation induced oxidative stress (HMOX1). Whereas stimulation with 100 nM Tg increased markers of both the integrated stress response (ISR - GADD34/PPP1R15A, CHOP) and the unfolded protein response (UPR - XBP1spl, GADD34/PPP1R15A, CHOP and HSPA5/BIP), CSE only induced GADD34/PPP1R15A expression. Strikingly, although treatment of MRC-5 cells with the Wnt activator CHIR99021 upregulated the Wnt/β-catenin target gene AXIN2, this response was diminished upon CSE or Tg pre-exposure, which was confirmed using a Wnt-reporter. Furthermore, pre-exposure of MRC-5 cells to CSE or Tg, restricted their ability to support organoid formation upon co-culture with murine pulmonary EpCam+ cells in Matrigel at day 14. This restriction was alleviated by pre-treatment with CHIR99021. We conclude that exposure of MRC-5 cells to CSE increases oxidative stress, GADD34/PPP1R15A expression and impairs their ability to support organoid formation. This inhibitory effect may be restored by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. P. S. J. Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - M. Schwiening
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. P. Ng-Blichtfeldt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S. J. Marciniak
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R. Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - P. S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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3
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Ditz B, Boekhoudt J, Couto N, Brandsma CA, Hiemstra PS, Tew GW, Neighbors M, Grimbaldeston MA, Timens W, Kerstjens HAM, Rossen JWA, Guryev V, van den Berge M, Faiz A. The Microbiome in Bronchial Biopsies from Smokers and Ex-Smokers with Stable COPD - A Metatranscriptomic Approach. COPD 2022; 19:81-87. [PMID: 35118915 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2022.2033193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge about the respiratory microbiome is mainly based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Newer sequencing approaches, such as metatranscriptomics, offer the technical ability to measure the viable microbiome response to environmental conditions such as smoking as well as to explore its functional role by investigating host-microbiome interactions. However, knowledge about its feasibility in respiratory microbiome research, especially in lung biopsies, is still very limited. RNA sequencing was performed in bronchial biopsies from clinically stable smokers (n = 5) and ex-smokers (n = 6) with COPD not using (inhaled) steroids. The Trinity assembler was used to assemble non-human reads in order to allow unbiased taxonomical and microbial transcriptional analyses. Subsequently, host-microbiome interactions were analyzed based on associations with host transcriptomic data. Ultra-low levels of microbial mass (0.009%) were identified in the RNA-seq data. Overall, no differences were identified in microbiome diversity or transcriptional profiles of microbial communities or individual microbes between COPD smokers and ex-smokers in the initial test dataset as well as a larger replication dataset. We identified an upregulated host gene set, related to the simultaneous presence of Bradyrhizobium, Roseomonas, Brevibacterium.spp., which were related to PERK-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) and expression of the microRNA-155-5p. Our results show that metatranscriptomic profiling in bronchial biopsy samples from stable COPD patients yields ultra-low levels of microbial mass. Further, this study illustrates the potential of using transcriptional profiling of the host and microbiome to gain more insight into their interaction in the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ditz
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Boekhoudt
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - N Couto
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - C A Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - G W Tew
- OMNI-Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Neighbors
- OMNI-Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M A Grimbaldeston
- OMNI-Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H A M Kerstjens
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J W A Rossen
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,IDbyDNA Inc, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - V Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M van den Berge
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Faiz
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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4
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Baptista D, Teixeira LM, Birgani ZT, van Riet S, Pasman T, Poot A, Stamatialis D, Rottier RJ, Hiemstra PS, Habibović P, van Blitterswijk C, Giselbrecht S, Truckenmüller R. 3D alveolar in vitro model based on epithelialized biomimetically curved culture membranes. Biomaterials 2020; 266:120436. [PMID: 33120199 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that surface curvature at a near-cell-scale influences cell behaviour. Epithelial or endothelial cells lining small acinar or tubular body lumens, as those of the alveoli or blood vessels, experience such highly curved surfaces. In contrast, the most commonly used culture substrates for in vitro modelling of these human tissue barriers, ion track-etched membranes, offer only flat surfaces. Here, we propose a more realistic culture environment for alveolar cells based on biomimetically curved track-etched membranes, preserving the mainly spherical geometry of the cells' native microenvironment. The curved membranes were created by a combination of three-dimensional (3D) micro film (thermo)forming and ion track technology. We could successfully demonstrate the formation, the growth and a first characterization of confluent layers of lung epithelial cell lines and primary alveolar epithelial cells on membranes shaped into an array of hemispherical microwells. Besides their application in submerged culture, we could also demonstrate the compatibility of the bioinspired membranes for air-exposed culture. We observed a distinct cellular response to membrane curvature. Cells (or cell layers) on the curved membranes reveal significant differences compared to cells on flat membranes concerning membrane epithelialization, areal cell density of the formed epithelial layers, their cross-sectional morphology, and proliferation and apoptosis rates, and the same tight barrier function as on the flat membranes. The presented 3D membrane technology might pave the way for more predictive barrier in vitro models in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baptista
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - L Moreira Teixeira
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Z Tahmasebi Birgani
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S van Riet
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T Pasman
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - A Poot
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - D Stamatialis
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - R J Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery/Cell Biology, Erasmus (University) Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - P Habibović
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - C van Blitterswijk
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S Giselbrecht
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R Truckenmüller
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Guillon A, Hiemstra PS, Si-Tahar M. Pulmonary immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infection: harmful or not? Intensive Care Med 2020; 46:1897-1900. [PMID: 32681297 PMCID: PMC7366461 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-020-06170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Guillon
- Intensive Care Unit, Tours University Hospital, 2 Bd Tonnellé, 37044, Tours Cedex 9, France.
- University of Tours, Tours, France.
- Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, INSERM U1100, Tours, France.
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Si-Tahar
- University of Tours, Tours, France
- Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, INSERM U1100, Tours, France
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6
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Aliee H, Massip F, Qi C, de Biase MS, van Nijnatten J, Kersten ETG, Kermani NZ, Khuder B, Vonk JM, Vermeulen RCH, Neighbors M, Tew GW, Grimbaldeston M, Ten Hacken NHT, Hu S, Guo Y, Zhang X, Sun K, Hiemstra PS, Ponder BA, Mäkelä MJ, Malmström K, Rintoul RC, Reyfman PA, Theis FJ, Brandsma CA, Adcock IM, Timens W, Xu CJ, van den Berge M, Schwarz RF, Koppelman GH, Nawijn MC, Faiz A. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 receptor gene expression in upper and lower airways. medRxiv 2020:2020.08.31.20169946. [PMID: 32909007 PMCID: PMC7480059 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.20169946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to a worldwide pandemic. One week after initial symptoms develop, a subset of patients progresses to severe disease, with high mortality and limited treatment options. To design novel interventions aimed at preventing spread of the virus and reducing progression to severe disease, detailed knowledge of the cell types and regulating factors driving cellular entry is urgently needed. Here we assess the expression patterns in genes required for COVID-19 entry into cells and replication, and their regulation by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, throughout the respiratory tract using samples collected from the upper (nasal) and lower airways (bronchi). Matched samples from the upper and lower airways show a clear increased expression of these genes in the nose compared to the bronchi and parenchyma. Cellular deconvolution indicates a clear association of these genes with the proportion of secretory epithelial cells. Smoking status was found to increase the majority of COVID-19 related genes including ACE2 and TMPRSS2 but only in the lower airways, which was associated with a significant increase in the predicted proportion of goblet cells in bronchial samples of current smokers. Both acute and second hand smoke were found to increase ACE2 expression in the bronchus. Inhaled corticosteroids decrease ACE2 expression in the lower airways. No significant effect of genetics on ACE2 expression was observed, but a strong association of DNA- methylation with ACE2 and TMPRSS2- mRNA expression was identified in the bronchus.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Aliee
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - F Massip
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Qi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Stella de Biase
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - J van Nijnatten
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Technology Sydney, Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB), School of Life Sciences, Sydney, Australia
| | - E T G Kersten
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - N Z Kermani
- Department of computing, Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - B Khuder
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R C H Vermeulen
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Science (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Neighbors
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South San Francisco. CA, USA
| | - G W Tew
- Product Development Immunology, Infectious Disease & Opthalmology, Genentech Inc. South San Francisco. CA, USA
| | - M Grimbaldeston
- OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc. South San Francisco. CA, USA
| | - N H T Ten Hacken
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S Hu
- Department of statistics, university of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Y Guo
- Department of computing, Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - X Zhang
- Department of computing, Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K Sun
- Department of computing, Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B A Ponder
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - M J Mäkelä
- Dept. of Allergy, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 160, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Malmström
- Dept. of Allergy, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 160, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R C Rintoul
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XZ, UK
- Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, Papworth Road, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0AY, UK
| | - P A Reyfman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Centre, Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - C A Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology
| | - I M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - W Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology
| | - C J Xu
- Research group Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R F Schwarz
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - G H Koppelman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M C Nawijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - A Faiz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Technology Sydney, Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB), School of Life Sciences, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Voskamp AL, Kormelink TG, van Wijk RG, Hiemstra PS, Taube C, de Jong EC, Smits HH. Modulating local airway immune responses to treat allergic asthma: lessons from experimental models and human studies. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:95-110. [PMID: 32020335 PMCID: PMC7066288 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With asthma affecting over 300 million individuals world-wide and estimated to affect 400 million by 2025, developing effective, long-lasting therapeutics is essential. Allergic asthma, where Th2-type immunity plays a central role, represents 90% of child and 50% of adult asthma cases. Research based largely on animal models of allergic disease have led to the generation of a novel class of drugs, so-called biologicals, that target essential components of Th2-type inflammation. Although highly efficient in subclasses of patients, these biologicals and other existing medication only target the symptomatic stage of asthma and when therapy is ceased, a flare-up of the disease is often observed. Therefore, it is suggested to target earlier stages in the inflammatory cascade underlying allergic airway inflammation and to focus on changing and redirecting the initiation of type 2 inflammatory responses against allergens and certain viral agents. This focus on upstream aspects of innate immunity that drive development of Th2-type immunity is expected to have longer-lasting and disease-modifying effects, and may potentially lead to a cure for asthma. This review highlights the current understanding of the contribution of local innate immune elements in the development and maintenance of inflammatory airway responses and discusses available leads for successful targeting of those pathways for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Voskamp
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - T Groot Kormelink
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Allergology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen - Ruhrklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - E C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hermelijn H Smits
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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8
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Zarcone MC, Duistermaat E, Alblas MJ, van Schadewijk A, Ninaber DK, Clarijs V, Moerman MM, Vaessen D, Hiemstra PS, Kooter IM. Effect of diesel exhaust generated by a city bus engine on stress responses and innate immunity in primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 48:221-231. [PMID: 29408669 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Harmful effects of diesel emissions can be investigated via exposures of human epithelial cells, but most of previous studies have largely focused on the use of diesel particles or emission sources that are poorly representative of engines used in current traffic. We studied the cellular response of primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) at the air-liquid interface (ALI) to the exposure to whole diesel exhaust (DE) generated by a Euro V bus engine, followed by treatment with UV-inactivated non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) bacteria to mimic microbial exposure. The effect of prolonged exposures was investigated, as well as the difference in the responses of cells from COPD and control donors and the effect of emissions generated during a cold start. HMOX1 and NQO1 expression was transiently induced after DE exposure. DE inhibited the NTHi-induced expression of human beta-defensin-2 (DEFB4A) and of the chaperone HSPA5/BiP. In contrast, expression of the stress-induced PPP1R15A/GADD34 and the chemokine CXCL8 was increased in cells exposed to DE and NTHi. HMOX1 induction was significant in both COPD and controls, while inhibition of DEFB4A expression by DE was significant only in COPD cells. No significant differences were observed when comparing cellular responses to cold engine start and prewarmed engine emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Zarcone
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | - M J Alblas
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - A van Schadewijk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - D K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - V Clarijs
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - M M Moerman
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - D Vaessen
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - I M Kooter
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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9
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Carpaij OA, Muntinghe FOW, Wagenaar MB, Habing JW, Timens W, Kerstjens HAM, Nawijn MC, Kunz LIZ, Hiemstra PS, Tew GW, Holweg CTJ, Brandsma CA, van den Berge M. Serum periostin does not reflect type 2-driven inflammation in COPD. Respir Res 2018; 19:112. [PMID: 29879994 PMCID: PMC5992772 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Th2 driven inflammation is present in COPD, it is not clearly elucidated which COPD patients are affected. Since periostin is associated with Th2 driven inflammation and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-response in asthma, it could function as a biomarker in COPD. The aim of this study was to analyze if serum periostin is elevated in COPD compared to healthy controls, if it is affected by smoking status, if it is linked to inflammatory cell counts in blood, sputum and endobronchial biopsies, and if periostin can predict ICS-response in COPD patients.Serum periostin levels were measured using Elecsys Periostin immunoassay. Correlations between periostin and inflammatory cell count in blood, sputum and endobronchial biopsies were analyzed. Additionally, the correlation between serum periostin levels and treatment responsiveness after 6 and 30 months was assessed using i.e. ΔFEV1% predicted, ΔCCQ score and ΔRV/TLC ratio. Forty-five COPD smokers, 25 COPD past-smokers, 22 healthy smokers and 23 healthy never-smokers were included. Linear regression analysis of serum periostin showed positive correlations age (B = 0.02, 95%CI 0.01-0.03) and FEV1% predicted (B = 0.01, 95%CI 0.01-0.02) in healthy smokers, but not in COPD patients In conclusion, COPD -smokers and -past-smokers have significantly higher periostin levels compared to healthy smokers, yet periostin is not suitable as a biomarker for Th2-driven inflammation or ICS-responsiveness in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Carpaij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - F O W Muntinghe
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M B Wagenaar
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J W Habing
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H A M Kerstjens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M C Nawijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L I Z Kunz
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G W Tew
- Genentech, Inc., OMNI Biomarker Development, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - C T J Holweg
- Genentech, Inc., OMNI Biomarker Development, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - C A Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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van Wijk Y, Reuter S, John-Schuster G, Beckert H, Hiemstra PS, Müller A, Smits HH, Taube C. Therapeutische Verabreichung von Helicabacter pylori Extrakt vermindert die Entwicklung einer allergischen Atemwegsentzündung. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y van Wijk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - S Reuter
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Ruhrlandklinik, Westdeutsches Lungenzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen
| | | | - H Beckert
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Ruhrlandklinik, Westdeutsches Lungenzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen
| | - PS Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - A Müller
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich
| | - HH Smits
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - C Taube
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Ruhrlandklinik, Westdeutsches Lungenzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen
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11
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Türk Y, Theel W, Kasteleyn MJ, Franssen FME, Hiemstra PS, Rudolphus A, Taube C, Braunstahl GJ. High intensity training in obesity: a Meta-analysis. Obes Sci Pract 2017; 3:258-271. [PMID: 29071102 PMCID: PMC5598019 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction High Intensity training (HIT) is a time‐effective alternative to traditional exercise programs in adults with obesity, but the superiority in terms of improving cardiopulmonary fitness and weight loss has not been demonstrated. Objective to determine the effectiveness of HIT on cardiopulmonary fitness and body composition in adults with obesity compared to traditional (high volume continuous) exercise. Methods A systematic search of the main health science databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials comparing HIT with traditional forms of exercise in people with obesity. Eighteen studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The (unstandardized) mean difference of each outcome parameters was calculated and pooled with the random effects model. Results HIT resulted in greater improvement of cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2max) (MD 1.83, 95% CI 0.70, 2.96, p<0.005; I2=31%) and a greater reduction of %body fat (MD ‐1.69, 95% CI ‐3.10, ‐0.27, p=0.02, I2=30%) compared to traditional exercise. Overall effect for BMI was not different between HIT and traditional exercise. Conclusion Training at high intensity is superior to improve cardiopulmonary fitness and to reduce %body fat in adults with obesity compared to traditional exercise. Future studies are needed to design specific HIT programs for the obese with regard to optimal effect and long‐term adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Türk
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - W Theel
- Department of Physiotherapy Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - M J Kasteleyn
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - F M E Franssen
- Department of Research and Education Horn The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - A Rudolphus
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - C Taube
- Department of Pulmonology Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - G J Braunstahl
- Department of Pulmonology Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam The Netherlands
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12
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Song J, Heijink IH, Kistemaker LEM, Reinders-Luinge M, Kooistra W, Noordhoek JA, Gosens R, Brandsma CA, Timens W, Hiemstra PS, Rots MG, Hylkema MN. Aberrant DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 in airway epithelium of patients with COPD. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:42. [PMID: 28450970 PMCID: PMC5404321 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goblet cell metaplasia, a common feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with mucus hypersecretion which contributes to the morbidity and mortality among patients. Transcription factors SAM-pointed domain-containing Ets-like factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) regulate goblet cell differentiation. This study aimed to (1) investigate DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 during goblet cell differentiation and (2) compare this in airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD and controls during mucociliary differentiation. Methods To assess DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 during goblet cell differentiation, primary airway epithelial cells, isolated from trachea (non-COPD controls) and bronchial tissue (patients with COPD), were differentiated by culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) in the presence of cytokine interleukin (IL)-13 to promote goblet cell differentiation. Results We found that SPDEF expression was induced during goblet cell differentiation, while FOXA2 expression was decreased. Importantly, CpG number 8 in the SPDEF promoter was hypermethylated upon differentiation, whereas DNA methylation of FOXA2 promoter was not changed. In the absence of IL-13, COPD-derived ALI-cultured cells displayed higher SPDEF expression than control-derived ALI cultures, whereas no difference was found for FOXA2 expression. This was accompanied with hypomethylation of CpG number 6 in the SPDEF promoter and also hypomethylation of CpG numbers 10 and 11 in the FOXA2 promoter. Conclusions These findings suggest that aberrant DNA methylation of SPDEF and FOXA2 is one of the factors underlying mucus hypersecretion in COPD, opening new avenues for epigenetic-based inhibition of mucus hypersecretion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0341-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - I H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L E M Kistemaker
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Reinders-Luinge
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Kooistra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J A Noordhoek
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Gosens
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C A Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M G Rots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M N Hylkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology EA10, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Ricciardolo FLM, Petecchia L, Sorbello V, Di Stefano A, Usai C, Massaglia GM, Gnemmi I, Mognetti B, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ, Sabatini F. Bradykinin B2 receptor expression in the bronchial mucosa of allergic asthmatics: the role of NF-kB. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:428-38. [PMID: 26588817 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bradykinin (BK) mediates acute allergic asthma and airway remodelling. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) is potentially involved in BK B2 receptor (B2R) regulation. OBJECTIVE In this observational cross-sectional study, B2R and NF-kB expression was evaluated in bronchial biopsies from mild asthmatics (after diluent/allergen challenge) and healthy controls, examining the role of NF-kB in B2R expression in primary human fibroblasts from normal and asthmatic subjects (HNBFb and HABFb). METHODS B2R and NF-kB (total and nuclear) expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry in biopsies from 10 mild intermittent asthmatics (48 h after diluent/allergen challenge) and 10 controls undergoing bronchoscopy. B2R co-localization in 5B5(+) and αSMA(+) mesenchymal cells was studied by immunofluorescence/confocal microscopy, and B2R expression in HABFb/HNBFb incubated with interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 with/without BK, and after NF-kB inhibitor, by Western blotting. RESULTS Bronchial mucosa B2R and nuclear NF-kB expression was higher in asthmatics after diluent (B2R only) and allergen challenge than in controls (P < 0.05), while B2R and NF-kB (total and nuclear) increased after allergen compared with after diluent (P < 0.05). Allergen exposure increased B2R expression in 5B5(+) and αSMA(+) cells. Constitutive B2R protein expression was higher in HABFb than in HNBFb (P < 0.05) and increased in both cell types after IL-13 or IL-4/IL-13 and BK treatment. This increase was suppressed by a NF-kB inhibitor (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bronchial B2R expression is constitutively elevated in allergic asthma and is further increased after allergen exposure together with NF-kB expression. NF-kB inhibitor blocked IL-4/IL-13-induced increase in B2R expression in cultured fibroblasts, suggesting a role as potential anti-asthma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - L Petecchia
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Genoa, Italy
| | - V Sorbello
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - A Di Stefano
- Pulmonary Division, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - C Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Genoa, Italy
| | - G M Massaglia
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - I Gnemmi
- Pulmonary Division, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - B Mognetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P J Sterk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Sabatini
- Laboratory of Stem cells and Cell therapy, Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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14
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Pont MJ, Honders MW, Kremer AN, van Kooten C, Out C, Hiemstra PS, de Boer HC, Jager MJ, Schmelzer E, Vries RG, Al Hinai AS, Kroes WG, Monajemi R, Goeman JJ, Böhringer S, Marijt WAF, Falkenburg JHF, Griffioen M. Microarray Gene Expression Analysis to Evaluate Cell Type Specific Expression of Targets Relevant for Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155165. [PMID: 27171398 PMCID: PMC4865094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy has proven to be effective in the treatment of hematological cancers by donor lymphocyte infusion after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and more recently by targeted therapy with chimeric antigen or T-cell receptor-engineered T cells. However, dependent on the tissue distribution of the antigens that are targeted, anti-tumor responses can be accompanied by undesired side effects. Therefore, detailed tissue distribution analysis is essential to estimate potential efficacy and toxicity of candidate targets for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies. We performed microarray gene expression analysis of hematological malignancies of different origins, healthy hematopoietic cells and various non-hematopoietic cell types from organs that are often targeted in detrimental immune responses after allogeneic stem cell transplantation leading to graft-versus-host disease. Non-hematopoietic cells were also cultured in the presence of IFN-γ to analyze gene expression under inflammatory circumstances. Gene expression was investigated by Illumina HT12.0 microarrays and quality control analysis was performed to confirm the cell-type origin and exclude contamination of non-hematopoietic cell samples with peripheral blood cells. Microarray data were validated by quantitative RT-PCR showing strong correlations between both platforms. Detailed gene expression profiles were generated for various minor histocompatibility antigens and B-cell surface antigens to illustrate the value of the microarray dataset to estimate efficacy and toxicity of candidate targets for immunotherapy. In conclusion, our microarray database provides a relevant platform to analyze and select candidate antigens with hematopoietic (lineage)-restricted expression as potential targets for immunotherapy of hematological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Pont
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M. W. Honders
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A. N. Kremer
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. van Kooten
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - C. Out
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - P. S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - H. C. de Boer
- Department of Nephrology and the Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M. J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. Schmelzer
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - R. G. Vries
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research and University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A. S. Al Hinai
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W. G. Kroes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R. Monajemi
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. J. Goeman
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S. Böhringer
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W. A. F. Marijt
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J. H. F. Falkenburg
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M. Griffioen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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15
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Stolk J, Broekman W, Mauad T, Zwaginga JJ, Roelofs H, Fibbe WE, Oostendorp J, Bajema I, Versteegh MIM, Taube C, Hiemstra PS. A phase I study for intravenous autologous mesenchymal stromal cell administration to patients with severe emphysema. QJM 2016; 109:331-6. [PMID: 26819296 PMCID: PMC4888332 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair in pulmonary emphysema. AIM To study the safety and feasibility of bone marrow-derived autologous (BM-) MSC intravenous administration to patients with severe emphysema. DESIGN A phase I, prospective open-label study registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01306513 Eligible patients had lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) on two separate occasions. During the first LVRS bone marrow was collected, from which MSCs were isolated and expanded ex vivo After 8 weeks, patients received two autologous MSC infusions 1 week apart, followed by the second LVRS procedure at 3 weeks after the second BM-MSC infusion. METHODS Up to 3 weeks after the last MSC infusion adverse events were recorded. Using immunohistochemistry and qPCR for analysis of cell and proliferation markers, emphysematous lung tissue obtained during the first surgery was compared with lung tissue obtained after the second surgical session to assess BM-MSC effects. RESULTS From 10 included patients three were excluded: two did not receive MSCs due to insufficient MSC culture expansion, and one had no second surgery. No adverse events related to MSC infusions occurred and lung tissue showed no fibrotic responses. After LVRS and MSC infusions alveolar septa showed a 3-fold increased expression of the endothelial marker CD31 (P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Autologous MSC treatment in severe emphysema is feasible and safe. The increase in CD31 expression after LVRS and MSC treatment suggests responsiveness of microvascular endothelial cells in the most severely affected parts of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stolk
- From the Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,
| | - W Broekman
- From the Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T Mauad
- Department of Pathology, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Zwaginga
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion
| | - H Roelofs
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion
| | - W E Fibbe
- Department of Immunohaematology and Blood Transfusion
| | | | | | - M I M Versteegh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - C Taube
- From the Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- From the Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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16
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van der Vlugt LE, Eger K, Amatngalim G, Müller C, Bracher F, von Mutius E, Smits HH, Hiemstra PS. ‘Farm dust extract increases the epithelial barrier function of human bronchial epithelial cells partly via MyD88 signalling’. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.60.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed that farmer’s children have a lower incidence of childhood asthma, which was partly attributed to a higher microbial exposure. Recently, distorted airway epithelium is considered an active player in pathogenesis of asthma. Interestingly, Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligation in the gut was found to enhance the gut epithelial barrier function. We hypothesize that exposure of the airways to microbial-rich farm dust may have barrier-enhancing effects on the airway epithelium and thereby may contribute to the protection against asthma in farmer’s children.
In this study, the effect of farm dust extracts (FDE) collected from traditional German farms was investigated on barrier function and -repair in primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs). The expression of tight (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs)-important to maintain the barrier function- and the involvement of TLR-induced MyD88 signalling were investigated.
FDE exposure induced a dose-dependent two-fold increase in resistance measured by ECIS and up to 70% reduction in permeability in undifferentiated PBECs. Furthermore, restoration of barrier function of fully differentiated PBECs after cigarette smoke exposure was accelerated in the presence of FDE. The increase in barrier function was accompanied by an 1.5 to 2-fold enhanced mRNA expression of TJs occludin-1, claudin-1 and −4 and AJ E-cadherin. In search for the underlying mechanisms, we found that the increased barrier resistance could be significantly attenuated by blocking MyD88 signalling.
These data altogether suggest that FDE exposure strengthen the epithelial barrier function partly via MyD88 signalling and, thereby, possibly reduce the risk of development of asthma and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Eger
- 2Leiden Univ. Med. Ctr., Netherlands
| | | | - C. Müller
- 3Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Hosp., Munich, Germany
| | - F. Bracher
- 3Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Hosp., Munich, Germany
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Verheul MK, van Erp SJH, van der Woude D, Levarht EWN, Mallat MJK, Verspaget HW, Stolk J, Toes REM, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Hiemstra PS, van Kooten C, Trouw LA. Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies: a specific hallmark for rheumatoid arthritis. Comparison to conditions known for enhanced carbamylation; renal failure, smoking and chronic inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:1575-6. [PMID: 27130909 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M K Verheul
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S J H van Erp
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D van der Woude
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E W N Levarht
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M J K Mallat
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H W Verspaget
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A E van der Meulen-de Jong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C van Kooten
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L A Trouw
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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de Breij A, Karnaoukh TG, Schrumpf J, Hiemstra PS, Nibbering PH, van Dissel JT, de Visser PC. The licorice pentacyclic triterpenoid component 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid enhances the activity of antibiotics against strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:555-62. [PMID: 26780691 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify compounds that enhance the activity of current antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Screening of a 350+ compound proprietary small molecules library revealed that the Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice)-derived triterpenoid 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) potentiated the antibacterial activity of certain antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we evaluated the ability of pentacyclic triterpenoids to potentiate the activity of antibiotics against strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Checkerboard assays were used to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tobramycin and ten pentacyclic triterpenoids against S. aureus. The effect of 18β-GA on the MIC of different antibiotics against MRSA was also determined in an in vitro airway MRSA infection model. 18β-GA enhanced the bactericidal activity of the aminoglycosides tobramycin, gentamicin and amikacin, and of polymyxin B against two MRSA strains, reducing the MIC of these antibiotics 32-64-fold [fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.12-0.13]. Other β-amyrin triterpenoids and α-amyrin triterpenoids did not exert such synergistic effects. 18β-GA did not enhance the activity of antibiotics from other structural classes against the MRSA strains. In an air-exposed airway epithelial cell culture, 18β-GA enhanced the bactericidal activity of tobramycin and polymyxin B against the MRSA strain. These data demonstrate the potential of 18β-GA to synergise with certain types of antibiotics to eliminate strains of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Breij
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - T G Karnaoukh
- BioMarin Nederland BV, J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Schrumpf
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P H Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J T van Dissel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P C de Visser
- BioMarin Nederland BV, J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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van Huisstede A, Rudolphus A, Castro Cabezas M, Biter LU, van de Geijn GJ, Taube C, Hiemstra PS, Braunstahl GJ, van Schadewijk A. Effect of bariatric surgery on asthma control, lung function and bronchial and systemic inflammation in morbidly obese subjects with asthma. Thorax 2015; 70:659-67. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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van der Vlugt LEPM, Mlejnek E, Ozir-Fazalalikhan A, Janssen Bonas M, Dijksman TR, Labuda LA, Schot R, Guigas B, Möller GM, Hiemstra PS, Yazdanbakhsh M, Smits HH. CD24(hi)CD27(+) B cells from patients with allergic asthma have impaired regulatory activity in response to lipopolysaccharide. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 44:517-28. [PMID: 24261983 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory B cells have been identified that strongly reduce allergic and auto-immune inflammation in experimental models by producing IL-10. Recently, several human regulatory B-cell subsets with an impaired function in auto-immunity have been described, but there is no information on regulatory B cells in allergic asthma. OBJECTIVE In this study, the frequency and function of IL-10 producing B-cell subsets in allergic asthma were investigated. METHODS Isolated peripheral blood B cells from 13 patients with allergic asthma and matched healthy controls were analyzed for the expression of different regulatory B-cell markers. Next, the B cells were activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CpG or through the B-cell receptor, followed by co-culture with endogenous memory CD4(+) T cells and house dust mite allergen DerP1. RESULTS Lower number of IL-10 producing B cells were found in patients in response to LPS, however, this was not the case when B cells were activated through the B-cell receptor or by CpG. Further dissection showed that only the CD24(hi)CD27(+) B-cell subset was reduced in number and IL-10 production to LPS. In response to DerP1, CD4(+) T cells from patients co-cultured with LPS-primed total B cells produced less IL-10 compared to similar cultures from controls. These results are in line with the finding that sorted CD24(hi)CD27(+) B cells are responsible for the induction of IL-10(+) CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data indicate that CD24(hi)CD27(+) B cells from allergic asthma patients produce less IL-10 in response to LPS leading to a weaker IL-10 induction in T cells in response to DerP1, which may play a role in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E P M van der Vlugt
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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de Weger LA, Hiemstra PS, Op den Buysch E, van Vliet AJH. Spatiotemporal monitoring of allergic rhinitis symptoms in The Netherlands using citizen science. Allergy 2014; 69:1085-91. [PMID: 24888457 DOI: 10.1111/all.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne pollen is a major symptom trigger in allergic rhinitis patients, but the impact of pollen differs among patients and regions and is influenced by environmental factors. To study these complex relationships, there is a need for data on the severity of symptoms in space and time. 'Citizen science' is increasingly recognized as an effective tool to monitor changes in our environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a citizen science-based survey to monitor spatiotemporal variation in allergic rhinitis symptoms. METHODS Participants were recruited through the Web site Allergieradar.nl. After registering by completing an extensive questionnaire, they entered (preferably daily) their symptoms of eyes, nose, and lungs on a scale from 1 to 10, as well as their geographic location. RESULTS The registration questionnaire revealed that the majority of the participants (77%) had physician-diagnosed hay fever and 65% of the participants had been tested positively for their allergy. This study shows that the symptom scores of the participants are related to (i) pollen concentrations in the air, (ii) the self-reported sensitivity profile, and (iii) the sales of prescription antihistamines in The Netherlands. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the collection of allergic rhinitis symptom data by 'citizen science' is feasible and has an added value in studies on the impact of pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. de Weger
- Department of Pulmonology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - P. S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | | | - A. J. H. van Vliet
- Environmental Systems Analysis Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen the Netherlands
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Ricciardolo FLM, Di Stefano A, Silvestri M, Van Schadewijk AM, Malerba M, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ. Exhaled nitric oxide is related to bronchial eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness to bradykinin in allergen-induced asthma exacerbation. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:175-82. [PMID: 22507330 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been associated with bronchial eosinophilia and with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mild stable asthma. We previously demonstrated in a large project that allergen exposure is able to raise FeNO and to worsen AHR to bradykinin. We postulated that allergen-induced increase in FeNO could be related to heightened mucosal eosinophils and AHR to bradykinin in atopic asthma. We performed a new immunohistochemical analysis on bronchial biopsy specimens, previously obtained from the same large project, in order to assess the number of mucosal eosinophils (EG-2+ cell) and other inflammatory cells at 48 hours after diluent and allergen exposures. Inflammatory cell counts were related to FeNO and AHR to BK (expressed as logPD20 bradykinin). In 10 atopic mild asthmatics, we found that the numbers of EG-2+ and CD4+ cells in bronchial submucosa were significantly increased after allergen compared to the respective counts after diluent (p < 0.01). EG-2+ cells in the bronchial submucosa were negatively correlated with logPD20 bradykinin only after allergen challenge (rho = -0.709, p = 0.027). We also found a positive strong correlation between EG-2+ cells and FeNO values in atopic asthmatics at 48 hours after both diluent (rho = 0.746, p = 0.017) and allergen (rho = 0.644, p = 0.049) challenge. FeNO values negatively correlated with responsiveness to bradykinin only after allergen challenge (rho = -0.675, p = 0.039). This study indicates that after allergen exposure heightened level of exhaled NO may reflect augmented airway eosinophilic inflammation and airway responsiveness to bradykinin indicating loss of asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L M Ricciardolo
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy.
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den Otter I, Silva LFF, Carvalho ALN, Pires-Neto RC, Annoni R, Ferreira DS, Bajema I, van Schadewijk A, Rabe KF, Dolhnikoff M, Sterk PJ, Hiemstra PS, Mauad T. High-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor expression is increased in large and small airways in fatal asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 40:1473-81. [PMID: 20937062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03576.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE and its high-affinity receptor FcɛRI play an important role in allergy and asthma. The distribution of FcɛRI expression in the airways and within the airway wall, however, is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to map the distribution of FcɛRI in different layers of large airways (LA) and small airways (SA) in lung tissue from non-smoking and smoking patients who died of asthma [fatal asthma (FA)] and non-smoking controls (CTR). METHODS Postmortem lung tissue from 24 cases of non-smoking FA, 13 smoking FA patients and from 19 subjects who died of non-pulmonary causes (CTR) was immunohistochemically stained for FcɛRI and AA1 (mast cell tryptase marker). The expression of these markers was analysed in inner, muscle, and outer layers of both LA and SA by image analysis. RESULTS FcɛRI expression was higher in non-smoking and smoking FA compared with CTR in the inner and outer layer of SA. In the outer layer of LA, FcɛRI expression was higher in non-smoking FA compared with CTR. AA1 was higher in non-smoking FA compared with smoking FA and CTR in the outer layer of the SA, which was correlated with FcɛRI in this layer. CONCLUSION Our results show that the expression of FcɛRI is higher in both LA and SA in FA compared with CTR. These differences are predominantly found in the outer layer where they can be attributed in part to the increased mast cell numbers. These results indicate an increased capacity to mount IgE-mediated reactions in FA, both in LA and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- I den Otter
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J van Zuuren
- Dermatology Department B1-Q, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Gosens R, Rieks D, Meurs H, Ninaber DK, Rabe KF, Nanninga J, Kolahian S, Halayko AJ, Hiemstra PS, Zuyderduyn S. Muscarinic M3 receptor stimulation increases cigarette smoke-induced IL-8 secretion by human airway smooth muscle cells. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:1436-43. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00045209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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van Rensen ELJ, Evertse CE, van Schadewijk WAAM, van Wijngaarden S, Ayre G, Mauad T, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ, Rabe KF. Eosinophils in bronchial mucosa of asthmatics after allergen challenge: effect of anti-IgE treatment. Allergy 2009; 64:72-80. [PMID: 19076931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01881.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-IgE, omalizumab, inhibits the allergen response in patients with asthma. This has not been directly related to changes in inflammatory conditions. We hypothesized that anti-IgE exerts its effects by reducing airway inflammation. To that end, the effect of anti-IgE on allergen-induced inflammation in bronchial biopsies in 25 patients with asthma was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. METHODS Allergen challenge followed by a bronchoscopy at 24 h was performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with anti-IgE or placebo. Provocative concentration that causes a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PC(20)) methacholine and induced sputum was performed at baseline, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Changes in the early and late responses to allergen, PC(20), inflammatory cells in biopsies and sputum were assessed. RESULTS Both the early and late asthmatic responses were suppressed to 15.3% and 4.7% following anti-IgE treatment as compared with placebo (P < 0.002). This was paralleled by a decrease in eosinophil counts in sputum (4-0.5%) and postallergen biopsies (15-2 cells/0.1 mm(2)) (P < 0.03). Furthermore, biopsy IgE+ cells were significantly reduced between both the groups, whereas high-affinity IgE receptor and CD4+ cells were decreased within the anti-IgE group. There were no significant differences for PC(20) methacholine. CONCLUSION The response to inhaled allergen in asthma is diminished by anti-IgE, which in bronchial mucosa is paralleled by a reduction in eosinophils and a decline in IgE-bearing cells postallergen without changing PC(20) methacholine. This suggests that the benefits of anti-IgE in asthma may be explained by a decrease in eosinophilic inflammation and IgE-bearing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L J van Rensen
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Vernooy JHJ, Drummen NEA, van Suylen RJ, Cloots RHE, Moller GM, Bracke KR, Zuyderduyn S, Dentener MA, Brusselle GG, Hiemstra PS, Wouters EFM. Enhanced pulmonary leptin expression in patients with severe COPD and asymptomatic smokers. Thorax 2008; 64:26-32. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.085423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Puklo M, Guentsch A, Hiemstra PS, Eick S, Potempa J. Analysis of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid suggests importance of cathelicidin LL-37 in the innate immune response against periodontogenic bacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 23:328-35. [PMID: 18582333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2008.00433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During periodontitis, an innate immune response to bacterial challenge is primarily mediated by neutrophils. We compared neutrophilic content and the level of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in two clinical forms of severe periodontitis. METHODS GCF was collected from 14 patients with aggressive periodontitis, 17 patients with chronic periodontitis, and nine healthy subjects. Samples were analyzed for periodontopathogen load using real-time polymerase chain reactions. The amounts of myeloperoxidase and alpha-defensins (HNP1-3) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the level of cathelicidin (hCAP18/LL-37) was assayed by Western blot. RESULTS Myeloperoxidase concentration was not correlated with levels of LL-37 and HNP1-3 in samples from patients, compared to controls. The amount of HNP1-3 was twofold and fourfold higher in patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis, respectively. Those with chronic disease had significantly elevated amounts of mature LL-37. The increased concentration of both peptides in chronic periodontitis correlated with the load of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. CONCLUSION The lack of a correlation between LL-37, HNP1-3, and myeloperoxidase content suggests that neutrophils are not the sole source of these bactericidal peptides in the GCF of patients with periodontitis; and that other cells contribute to their local production. The bacterial proteases of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola might degrade hCAP18/LL-37, because the 11-kDa cathelicidin-derived fragment was present in GCF collected from pockets infected with these bacteria. Collectively, it appears that a local deficiency in LL-37 can be considered as a supporting factor in the pathogenesis of severe cases of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Puklo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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31
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Anderson RL, Hiemstra PS, Ward C, Forrest IA, Murphy D, Proud D, Lordan J, Corris PA, Fisher AJ. Antimicrobial peptides in lung transplant recipients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Eur Respir J 2008; 32:670-7. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00110807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Nuijsink M, Hop WCJ, Sterk PJ, Duiverman EJ, Hiemstra PS, de Jongste JC. Urinary eosinophil protein X in children with atopic asthma. Mediators Inflamm 2008; 2007:49240. [PMID: 17641730 PMCID: PMC1906710 DOI: 10.1155/2007/49240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 02/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between urinary eosinophil protein X (uEPX) and asthma symptoms, lung function, and other markers of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthmatic school children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in 180 steroid dependent atopic children with stable moderately severe asthma, who were stable on 200 or 500 microg of fluticasone per day. uEPX was measured in a single sample of urine and was normalized for creatinine concentration (uEPX/c). Symptom scores were kept on a diary card. FEV1 and PD20 methacholine were measured. Sputum induction was performed in 49 and FE(NO) levels measured in 24 children. RESULTS We found an inverse correlation between uEPX/c and FEV1 (r = -.20, P = .01) and a borderline significant correlation between uEPX/c and PD20 methacholine (r = -.15, P = .06). Symptom score, %eosinophils and ECP in induced sputum and FE(NO) levels did not correlate with uEPX/c. CONCLUSION uEPX/c levels did not correlate with established markers of asthma severity and eosinophilic airway inflammation in atopic asthmatic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nuijsink
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Juliana Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 60605, 2506 LP The Hague, The Netherlands
- *M. Nuijsink:
| | - W. C. J. Hop
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P. J. Sterk
- Department of Pulmonology, Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. J. Duiverman
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, The University Medical Centre Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P. S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. C. de Jongste
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Chappell S, Daly L, Morgan K, Guetta-Baranes T, Roca J, Rabinovich R, Lotya J, Millar AB, Donnelly SC, Keatings V, MacNee W, Stolk J, Hiemstra PS, Miniati M, Monti S, O'Connor CM, Kalsheker N. Genetic variants of microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutamate-cysteine ligase in COPD. Eur Respir J 2008; 32:931-7. [PMID: 18614560 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00065308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The genetic factors that contribute to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood. Many candidate genes have been proposed, including enzymes that protect the lung against oxidative stress, such as microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL). To date, most reported findings have been for EPHX1, particularly in relation to functional variants associated with fast and slow metabolism of epoxide intermediates. The present study aimed to identify any association of variation in these genes with COPD susceptibility or severity. In total, 1,017 white COPD patients and 912 nondiseased age and sex matched smoking controls were genotyped for six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in EPHX1 (including the fast and slow variants and associated haplotypes), and eight SNPs in the two genes encoding GCL. GCL is a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione, a major contributor to anti-oxidant protection in the lung. No association of variation was found in EPHX1 or GCL with susceptibility to COPD or disease severity. This is the largest reported study to date and is well powered to detect associations that have been previously suggested. The current data indicate that these genetic variants are unlikely to be related to susceptibility or disease severity in white chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chappell
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Rocha LA, Vargas PA, Silva LFF, Leon JE, Santos AB, Hiemstra PS, Mauad T. Expression of secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor in the submandibular glands of AIDS patients. Oral Dis 2008; 14:82-8. [PMID: 18173453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) is an endogenous proteinase inhibitor present in mucosal secretions. It also displays antimicrobial activity including anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. This protease inhibitor is also expressed in submandibular glands (SMG), but there are few data on its expression in AIDS patients with infectious conditions. METHODS We analyzed the expression of SLPI using immunohistochemistry in submandibular gland samples of 36 AIDS patients [10 with normal histology, 10 with chronic nonspecific sialadenitis, eight with mycobacteriosis, and eight with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection] and 10 HIV-negative controls. The proteinase inhibitor was quantified using image analysis and expressed as % of positively stained area. RESULTS There was a higher expression of SLPI in AIDS patients with CMV infection (% of stained area, mean+/-SD: 37.37+/-14.45) when compared with all other groups (P=0.009). There were no significant differences between control subjects (22.70+/-9.42%) and AIDS patients without histologic alterations (18.10+/-7.58%), with chronic nonspecific sialadenitis (17.13+/-5.36%), or mycobacterial infection (21.09+/-4.66%). CONCLUSION Cytomegalovirus infection increases SLPI expression in the SMG of AIDS patients. Our results reveal new insights into the pathogenic association between HIV and CMV in AIDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology of Piracicaba- University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Boot JD, Chandoesing P, de Kam ML, Mascelli MA, Das AM, Gerth van Wijk R, de Groot H, Verhoosel R, Hiemstra PS, Diamant Z. Applicability and reproducibility of biomarkers for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory therapy in allergic rhinitis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2008; 18:433-442. [PMID: 19123434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study the reproducibility of several biomarkers of allergic rhinitis to investigate their potential as outcome measures in clinical intervention trials. Furthermore, we investigated the kinetics of the biomarkers studied in nasal lavage and brush material following a placebo-controlled nasal allergen challenge. METHODS We performed a skin prick test and measured serum specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels and inflammatory biomarkers in nasal lavage and brush material in 20 patients with allergic rhinitis on 2 separate days (washout, 14-21 days). The patients were then randomly assigned to undergo an intranasal challenge with a relevant allergen (n=10) or diluent (n=10) in order to assess the kinetics of several biomarkers of allergic airway inflammation in nasal lavage and brush samples. RESULTS Baseline serum IgE levels and skin wheal sizes were highly reproducible measurements, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 13.4% and 18.2%, respectively. This was not the case with the majority of inflammatory biomarkers, whose CV varied considerably (range, 6.1%-224.1%). The nasal allergen challenge induced an increase in composite symptom scores in all patients. Compared to placebo, tryptase (P=.004), eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) (P=.03) and alpha2-macroglobulin (P=.002) were increased in nasal lavage at 20 minutes post allergen. Nasal lavage ECP levels and nasal brush eosinophils were still significantly increased at 7 hours (P=.03 and P=.04), but all statistical significance had been lost at 24 hours post challenge. CONCLUSION Serum specific IgE assays and skin prick tests exhibited good reproducibility in patients with clinically stable allergic rhinitis. We were also able to investigate the kinetics of allergen-induced upper airway inflammatory markers in nasal lavage and brush material. Hence, nasal allergen challenge, when used in combination with nasal lavage and brush sampling, is a suitable research tool for early drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Boot
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Snoeck-Stroband JB, Lapperre TS, Gosman MME, Boezen HM, Timens W, ten Hacken NHT, Sont JK, Sterk PJ, Hiemstra PS. Chronic bronchitis sub-phenotype within COPD: inflammation in sputum and biopsies. Eur Respir J 2008; 31:70-7. [PMID: 17804442 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The presence of chronic bronchitis predicts a more rapid decline of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The hallmark of COPD is airway inflammation. It was hypothesised that COPD patients with chronic bronchitis are characterised by a distinct inflammatory cell profile, as measured in bronchial biopsies and sputum. From 114 COPD patients (male/female ratio 99/15, mean+/-sd age 62+/-8 yrs, current smoking 63%, post-bronchodilator FEV(1) 63+/-9% predicted, no steroids), with and without chronic bronchitis, inflammatory cell counts in bronchial biopsies and induced sputum were measured. Analysis was carried out by logistic regression. COPD patients with chronic bronchitis had lower eosinophil counts in biopsies and higher percentages of sputum eosinophils than patients without those symptoms, which remained after adjustment for smoking and sex. Patients with chronic bronchitis also showed higher percentages of macrophages and lower percentages of neutrophils in sputum, which could be explained by differences in smoking and sex. It was concluded that chronic bronchitis reflects an inflammatory sub-phenotype among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The present results indicate a preferential distribution of eosinophils towards the airway lumen in patients with chronic bronchitis. This may have implications for anti-inflammatory treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Snoeck-Stroband
- Dept of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Lung Function Lab C2-P, PO Box 9600, NL-2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Chappell S, Daly L, Morgan K, Baranes TG, Roca J, Rabinovich R, Millar A, Donnelly SC, Keatings V, Macnee W, Stolk J, Hiemstra PS, Miniati M, Monti S, O'Connor CM, Kalsheker N. Variation in the tumour necrosis factor gene is not associated with susceptibility to COPD. Eur Respir J 2007; 30:810-2. [PMID: 17906092 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00057107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Aarbiou J, Tjabringa GS, Verhoosel RM, Ninaber DK, White SR, Peltenburg LTC, Rabe KF, Hiemstra PS. Mechanisms of cell death induced by the neutrophil antimicrobial peptides alpha-defensins and LL-37. Inflamm Res 2007; 55:119-27. [PMID: 16673155 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-005-0062-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of cell death mediated by the antimicrobial peptides neutrophil defensins (human neutrophil peptides 1-3 [HNP1-3]) and LL-37. MATERIALS AND METHODS HNP1-3- and LL-37-mediated cell death was assessed in human lung epithelial cells and Jurkat T-cells in serum-free culture media. RESULTS Both HNP1-3 and LL-37 induced cell death in Jurkat T-cells and A549 cells. HNP1-3 but not LL-37 induced caspase-3/-7 activity and caused cleavage of [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) in Jurkat cells, while in A549 cells neither peptides induced caspase-3/-7 activation. Furthermore, both peptides increased mitochondrial cytochrome c release in A549 and Jurkat cells. Our observation that over-expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in Jurkat cells did not affect HNP1-3- or LL-37-induced cell death indicates that antimicrobial peptide-induced cytochrome c release is not involved in peptide-induced cell death. Finally, in A549 cells and in primary bronchial epithelial cells, both HNP1-3 and LL-37 induced DNA breaks as demonstrated by increased TUNEL labelling. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest that the antimicrobial peptides HNP1-3 and LL-37 induce cell death, which is associated with mitochondrial injury and mediated via different intracellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aarbiou
- Department of Pulmonology, C3-P, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300, RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Luppi F, Longo AM, de Boer WI, Rabe KF, Hiemstra PS. Interleukin-8 stimulates cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer through epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. Lung Cancer 2006; 56:25-33. [PMID: 17175059 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Revised: 10/03/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8; CXCL8) is a cytokine of the CXC chemokine family that is involved in neutrophil recruitment and activation. In addition, IL-8 has been implicated in a wide variety of other processes, including angiogenesis and metastasis in lung cancer. Lung adenocarcinoma and muco-epidermoid carcinoma cells produce substantial amounts of IL-8, and express both CXCR1 and CXCR2 IL-8 receptors. We hypothesized that IL-8 stimulates proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells, involving transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The EGFR plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation and it has been therefore implicated in lung cancer. Both EGFR ligands and transactivation of the receptor may lead to downstream signalling events, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. Transactivation of the EGFR has been shown to occur in response to ligands of various G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and involves metalloproteinase-mediated release of membrane bound EGFR ligands. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of IL-8 on proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma and muco-epidermoid carcinoma cells, and to explore the mechanisms leading to this proliferation in two different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (A549 and NCI-H292). In both NSCLC cell lines, we observed that IL-8 stimulates epithelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The ability of IL-8 to increase cell proliferation was blocked both by an inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase, by a specific anti-EGFR blocking antibody and by a panmetalloproteinase inhibitor. Similar results were obtained using the GPCR inhibitor pertussis toxin. Inhibition of the MAPK p42/44 (ERK1/2) also blocked the mitogenic effect of IL-8, while a p38 MAPK inhibitor did not affect IL-8-induced cell proliferation. These results suggest that IL-8 increases cell proliferation in NSCLC cell lines via transactivation of the EGFR and that this mechanism involves metalloproteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Luppi
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Ravensberg AJ, Luijk B, Westers P, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ, Lammers JW, Rabe KF. The effect of a single inhaled dose of a VLA-4 antagonist on allergen-induced airway responses and airway inflammation in patients with asthma. Allergy 2006; 61:1097-103. [PMID: 16918513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion molecule very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) is implicated in the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in asthma, including eosinophils, T cells and mast cells. VLA-4 antagonists have been proposed as a new anti-inflammatory treatment modality for asthma. Therefore, we investigated whether a single inhaled dose of VLA-4 antagonist GW559090X could protect against allergen-induced changes in airway responses and airway inflammation in patients with asthma. We performed a randomized, double-blind, three-way crossover study with single inhaled doses of 3 mg of GW559090X, 500 microg of fluticasone propionate (FP) or placebo in 15 patients with mild intermittent asthma, controlled with short-acting beta(2)-agonists only. All patients developed a late asthmatic response (LAR) after allergen inhalation during screening. Study medication was administered 30 min prior to allergen challenge. Pre-dose and 24 h post-dose PC20 methacholine and levels of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) were determined. At the given dose, VLA-4 antagonist GW559090X did not attenuate the early asthmatic response (EAR) when compared with placebo: mean AUC0-2 h(+/-SEM) (%fall h): 27.2+/-3.7 and 21.9+/-3.0 respectively (P=0.33); nor the LAR: mean AUC3-8 h(+/-SEM) (%fall h): 98.8+/-12.9 and 94.8+/-6.8 respectively (P=0.84). However, pretreatment with FP did attenuate both EAR and LAR when compared with placebo: mean AUC0-2 h11.6+/-3.3 (P=0.024) and mean AUC3-8 h 6.3+/-7.6 (P<0.001). None of these treatments had an effect on allergen-induced changes in airway hyper-responsiveness or eNO levels. These findings suggest that VLA-4 may not play a major role in allergen-induced airway responses and inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Ravensberg
- Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Gosman MME, Willemse BWM, Jansen DF, Lapperre TS, van Schadewijk A, Hiemstra PS, Postma DS, Timens W, Kerstjens HAM. Increased number of B-cells in bronchial biopsies in COPD. Eur Respir J 2006; 27:60-4. [PMID: 16387936 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.06.00007005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that the accumulated volume of B-cells in small airways is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages 3 and 4. Little is known about the number of B-cells in central airways in COPD. The present authors hypothesised that the number of B-cells in bronchial biopsies of large airways is higher in patients with COPD than in controls without airflow limitation and higher in more severe COPD. Therefore, bronchial biopsies were collected from 114 COPD patients (postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 63+/-9 % predicted value, FEV1/inspiratory vital capacity (IVC) 48+/-9%) and 28 controls (postbronchodilator FEV1 108+/-12 % predicted value, FEV1/IVC 78+/-4%). Paraffin sections were stained for B-cells (CD20+) and their number was determined in the subepithelial area (excluding muscle, glands and vessels). B-cell numbers were higher in patients with COPD versus controls (8.5 versus 3.9 cells x mm(-2), respectively) and higher in patients with GOLD severity stage 3 (n = 11) than stage 2 (n = 103; 22.3 versus 7.8 cells x mm(-2)). No relationship was found between the number of B-cells and clinical characteristics within the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group. The authors suggest that these increased B-cell numbers may have an important contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M E Gosman
- Dept of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Innate immunity provides an effective first line of defence against infections. This is of particular importance in the lung, an organ that is exposed to a large number of pathogens that are inhaled. Antimicrobial peptides play an important role in the defence against these pathogens as effector molecules of innate immunity. These peptides are mainly produced by phagocytes and epithelial cells, and kill a wide range of micro-organisms: gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi and (enveloped) viruses. However, it is increasingly evident that these peptides not only act as endogenous antibiotics, but also display a range of other functions, including activities that are involved in regulating immune responses and inflammation, and wound repair. In this review, these activities are highlighted and their role in inflammatory lung disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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de Kluijver J, Schrumpf JA, Evertse CE, Sont JK, Roughley PJ, Rabe KF, Hiemstra PS, Mauad T, Sterk PJ. Bronchial matrix and inflammation respond to inhaled steroids despite ongoing allergen exposure in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2006; 35:1361-9. [PMID: 16238797 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory and structural changes of the airway mucosa are chronic features of asthma. The mechanisms underlying these changes and their modulation by steroid prophylaxis have not been clarified. OBJECTIVE We postulated that asymptomatic ongoing allergen exposure could drive airway inflammation as well as changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), and that inhaled steroids could prevent this. METHODS Therefore, we exposed patients with mild asthma to 2 weeks of repeated low-dose allergen, with concomitant inhaled steroid or placebo treatment. Bronchial biopsies, which were taken before and after this exposure, were stained and digitally analysed. The ECM proteins in asthmatics were also compared with a normal control group. RESULTS Low-dose allergen exposure alone resulted in a significant increase of bronchial epithelial macrophages. Despite ongoing allergen exposure, inhaled steroids reduced the numbers of mucosal eosinophils, neutrophils and T lymphocytes. At baseline, the mean density of the proteoglycans (PGS) biglycan and decorin were, respectively, higher and lower in the bronchial mucosa of asthmatics as compared with normal controls. Steroid treatment, during allergen exposure, increased the mean density of the PGS biglycan and versican. CONCLUSION We conclude that chronic allergen exposure induces inflammatory changes in the bronchial mucosa. Despite ongoing allergen exposure, steroid treatment decreases mucosal inflammatory cells while altering PG density. The latter observation highlights the need to examine steroid-induced changes closely in the airway structure in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J de Kluijver
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lapperre TS, Postma DS, Gosman MME, Snoeck-Stroband JB, ten Hacken NHT, Hiemstra PS, Timens W, Sterk PJ, Mauad T. Relation between duration of smoking cessation and bronchial inflammation in COPD. Thorax 2006; 61:115-21. [PMID: 16055612 PMCID: PMC2104584 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2005.040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/17/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with airway inflammation. Although smoking cessation improves symptoms and the decline in lung function in COPD, it is unknown whether bronchial inflammation in patients with established COPD varies with the duration of smoking cessation. METHODS 114 patients (99 men) with COPD of mean (SD) age 62 (8) years, a median (IQR) smoking history of 42 (31-55) pack years, no inhaled or oral corticosteroids, all current or ex-smokers (n = 42, quit >1 month, median cessation duration 3.5 years), post-bronchodilator FEV(1) 63 (9)% predicted, and FEV(1)/IVC 48 (9)% were studied cross sectionally. The numbers of subepithelial T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8), neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells, and plasma cells were measured in bronchial biopsy specimens (median (IQR)/0.1 mm(2)) using fully automated image analysis. RESULTS Ex-smokers with COPD had higher CD3+, CD4+, and plasma cell numbers than current smokers with COPD (149 (88-225) v 108 (61-164), p = 0.036; 58 (32-90) v 40 (25-66), p = 0.023; and 9.0 (5.5-20) v 7.5 (3.1-14), p = 0.044, respectively), but no difference in other inflammatory cells. Short term ex-smokers (<3.5 years) had higher CD4+ and CD8+ cell numbers than current smokers (p = 0.017, p = 0.023; respectively). Conversely, long term ex-smokers (quit > or =3.5 years) had lower CD8+ cell numbers than short term ex-smokers (p = 0.009), lower CD8/CD3 ratios than both current smokers and short-term ex-smokers (p = 0.012, p = 0.003; respectively), and higher plasma cell numbers than current smokers (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS With longer duration of smoking cessation, CD8 cell numbers decrease and plasma cell numbers increase. This indicates that bronchial T lymphocyte and plasma cell counts, but not other inflammatory cells, are related to duration of smoking cessation in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Lapperre
- Lung Function Laboratory, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, P O Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Battaglia S, den Hertog H, Timmers MC, Lazeroms SPG, Vignola AM, Rabe KF, Bellia V, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ. Small airways function and molecular markers in exhaled air in mild asthma. Thorax 2005; 60:639-44. [PMID: 16061704 PMCID: PMC1747499 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2004.035279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies suggest that the periphery of the lung is the major site of inflammation in asthma. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) and 8-isoprostane have been proposed as biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. We therefore hypothesised that small airway dysfunction in asthma is of inflammatory origin that can be detected by molecular markers in exhaled air. To test this hypothesis, we examined the relationship of Feno and 8-isoprostane in exhaled air with small airways function as assessed by the single breath nitrogen test. METHODS Sixteen patients (14 women) with mild atopic asthma (forced expiratory volume in 1 second >80% predicted) of mean (SD) age 23.0 (5.5) years participated in a cross sectional study. Feno was recorded by chemiluminescence and 8-isoprostane was measured by ELISA in concentrated exhaled breath condensate. The slope of phase III (deltaN2) and the closing volume (CV) were assessed from the single breath washout curve. RESULTS The median Feno level was 30.4 ppb (range 10.1-82.8), the median 8-isoprostane concentration in exhaled breath condensate was 2.2 pg/ml (range 1.6-2.7), and the mean (SD) deltaN2 value was 1.1 (0.4)% N2/l. Feno was positively associated with deltaN2 (r(s) = 0.54, p = 0.032) while 8-isoprostane was inversely correlated with FEV1% predicted (rs= -0.58; p = 0.017) and CV as a percentage of vital capacity (rs= 0.58; p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Feno and 8-isoprostane in exhaled air are associated with small airways function in mild asthma. This suggests that these markers reflect small airway inflammation and favours a role for them as disease markers that is complementary to spirometry in the monitoring of patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Battaglia
- Lung Function Laboratory C2-P, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), P O Box 9600, NL-2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Hiemstra PS, Fernie-King BA, McMichael J, Lachmann PJ, Sallenave JM. Antimicrobial peptides: mediators of innate immunity as templates for the development of novel anti-infective and immune therapeutics. Curr Pharm Des 2004; 10:2891-905. [PMID: 15379675 DOI: 10.2174/1381612043383566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial molecules are ancient and essential small cationic molecules of the host defence system which are found in a wide variety of species. They display antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria, fungi and viruses, an activity that has been mostly attributed to the disruption of microbial membranes. In this article, we will review the "classical" functions of 3 classes of antimicrobial molecules, namely defensins, cathelicidins, and the four-disulfide core proteins secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) and elafin. In addition to the study of their expression in a variety of cell types and the regulation of their production, we will also describe novel properties of these molecules that have been highlighted by recent studies. These include their ability to chemoattract a variety of inflammatory, immune and other cell types (neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, mast cells, epithelial cells) in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we will discuss the potential use of these newly discovered properties for therapeutic or vaccination purposes, using protein- or gene-transfer based methodologies. Finally, we will examine in an extensive fashion the strategies used by microorganisms to circumvent and subvert host defence mechanisms, such as the modifications of cell membranes and walls, the secretion of inactivating proteins and proteases and the down-regulation of expression of antimicrobial molecules. Increased understanding of the mechanisms used by both the host and the microbes to 'win the battle' may ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies aimed to treat infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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48
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Abstract
The human lung is exposed to a large number of airborne pathogens as a result of the daily inhalation of 10,000 litres of air. The observation that respiratory infections are nevertheless rare is testimony to the presence of an efficient host defence system at the mucosal surface of the lung. The airway epithelium is strategically positioned at the interface with the environment, and thus plays a key role in this host defence system. Recognition systems employed by airway epithelial cells to respond to microbial exposure include the action of the toll-like receptors. The airway epithelium responds to such exposure by increasing its production of mediators such as cytokines, chemokines and antimicrobial peptides. Recent findings indicate the importance of these peptides as effector molecules of innate immunity by killing microorganisms, but also as regulators of inflammation, immunity and wound repair. Finally, the clinical relevance of the functions of the airway epithelium in innate immunity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bals
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital of the University of Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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49
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Grootendorst DC, Gauw SA, Benschop N, Sterk PJ, Hiemstra PS, Rabe KF. Efficacy of the novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor BAY 19-8004 on lung function and airway inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2004; 16:341-7. [PMID: 14580925 DOI: 10.1016/s1094-5539(03)00090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibit the hydrolysis of intracellular cAMP, which may result in bronchodilation and suppression of inflammation. We examined the effect of 1 week treatment with BAY 19-8004 (5 mg once daily), a novel orally administered PDE4 inhibitor, on trough FEV1 and markers of inflammation in induced sputum in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Seven patients with asthma (mean [SD] FEV1 69.5 [9.3]% predicted; reversibility in FEV1 26.2 [10.1]%; all non-smokers) and 11 patients with COPD (FEV1 58.6 [8.3]% predicted; reversibility in FEV1 6.5 [4.7]%; median [range] 44 [21-90] pack years of smoking) were included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. FEV1 was measured before and after 1 week of treatment; sputum was induced by 4.5% saline inhalation on the last day of treatment. FEV1 did not improve during either treatment in both patient groups (p>0.2). Sputum cell counts were not different following placebo and BAY 19-8004 treatment in asthma and COPD patients (p>0.2). However, only in patients with COPD, small but significant reductions in sputum levels of albumin and eosinophil cationic protein were observed (p<0.05). In conclusion, 1 week of treatment with the selective PDE4 inhibitor BAY 19-8004 does not affect FEV1 and sputum cell numbers in patients with asthma or COPD. However, such treatment does seem to reduce levels of albumin and eosinophil cationic protein in sputum samples obtained from patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Grootendorst
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Aarbiou J, van Schadewijk A, Stolk J, Sont JK, de Boer WI, Rabe KF, van Krieken JHJM, Mauad T, Hiemstra PS. Human neutrophil defensins and secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor in squamous metaplastic epithelium of bronchial airways. Inflamm Res 2004; 53:230-8. [PMID: 15167969 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-003-1240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze a possible contribution of human neutrophil defensins and secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) to the induction of airway epithelial changes such as squamous cell metaplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The presence of these molecules and the number of proliferating (Ki-67-positive) epithelial cells was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in bronchial epithelium from subjects with (n = 15) or without (n = 14) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RESULTS Our data demonstrate higher numbers of defensin-positive (p = 0.0001), elastase-positive (p = 0.0001) and Ki-67-positive (p = 0.0001) cells in areas with squamous cell metaplasia as compared to areas with intact or damaged epithelium, while the reverse was observed for SLPI expression (p = 0.002). No differences were observed between subjects with or without COPD, nor between current smokers and those that had stopped smoking. CONCLUSIONS These data are in line with a role of defensins in the hyperproliferative phenotype of squamous metaplastic lesions in the airways. This role does not seem to be restricted to patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aarbiou
- Department of Pulmonology, C3-P, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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