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Khedoe PPSJ, van Schadewijk WAAM, Schwiening M, Ng-Blichtfeldt JP, Marciniak SJ, Stolk J, Gosens R, Hiemstra PS. Cigarette smoke restricts the ability of mesenchymal cells to support lung epithelial organoid formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1165581. [PMID: 37795260 PMCID: PMC10546195 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1165581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate lung epithelial repair relies on supportive interactions within the epithelial niche, including interactions with WNT-responsive fibroblasts. In fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or upon in vitro cigarette smoke exposure, Wnt/β-catenin signalling is distorted, which may affect interactions between epithelial cells and fibroblasts resulting in inadequate lung repair. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke (CS), the main risk factor for COPD, interferes with Wnt/β-catenin signalling in fibroblasts through induction of cellular stress responses, including oxidative- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and thereby alters epithelial repair support potential. Therefore, we assessed the effect of CS-exposure and the ER stress inducer Thapsigargin (Tg) on Wnt/β-catenin signalling activation in MRC-5 fibroblasts, and on their ability to support lung epithelial organoid formation. Exposure of MRC-5 cells for 15 min with 5 AU/mL CS extract (CSE), and subsequent 6 h incubation induced oxidative stress (HMOX1). Whereas stimulation with 100 nM Tg increased markers of both the integrated stress response (ISR - GADD34/PPP1R15A, CHOP) and the unfolded protein response (UPR - XBP1spl, GADD34/PPP1R15A, CHOP and HSPA5/BIP), CSE only induced GADD34/PPP1R15A expression. Strikingly, although treatment of MRC-5 cells with the Wnt activator CHIR99021 upregulated the Wnt/β-catenin target gene AXIN2, this response was diminished upon CSE or Tg pre-exposure, which was confirmed using a Wnt-reporter. Furthermore, pre-exposure of MRC-5 cells to CSE or Tg, restricted their ability to support organoid formation upon co-culture with murine pulmonary EpCam+ cells in Matrigel at day 14. This restriction was alleviated by pre-treatment with CHIR99021. We conclude that exposure of MRC-5 cells to CSE increases oxidative stress, GADD34/PPP1R15A expression and impairs their ability to support organoid formation. This inhibitory effect may be restored by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. P. S. J. Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - M. Schwiening
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. P. Ng-Blichtfeldt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S. J. Marciniak
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J. Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R. Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - P. S. Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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Goldsteen PA, Sabogal Guaqueta AM, Mulder PPMFA, Bos IST, Eggens M, Van der Koog L, Soeiro JT, Halayko AJ, Mathwig K, Kistemaker LEM, Verpoorte EMJ, Dolga AM, Gosens R. Differentiation and on axon-guidance chip culture of human pluripotent stem cell-derived peripheral cholinergic neurons for airway neurobiology studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991072. [PMID: 36386177 PMCID: PMC9651921 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway cholinergic nerves play a key role in airway physiology and disease. In asthma and other diseases of the respiratory tract, airway cholinergic neurons undergo plasticity and contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus secretion. We currently lack human in vitro models for airway cholinergic neurons. Here, we aimed to develop a human in vitro model for peripheral cholinergic neurons using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology. hPSCs were differentiated towards vagal neural crest precursors and subsequently directed towards functional airway cholinergic neurons using the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Cholinergic neurons were characterized by ChAT and VAChT expression, and responded to chemical stimulation with changes in Ca2+ mobilization. To culture these cells, allowing axonal separation from the neuronal cell bodies, a two-compartment PDMS microfluidic chip was subsequently fabricated. The two compartments were connected via microchannels to enable axonal outgrowth. On-chip cell culture did not compromise phenotypical characteristics of the cells compared to standard culture plates. When the hPSC-derived peripheral cholinergic neurons were cultured in the chip, axonal outgrowth was visible, while the somal bodies of the neurons were confined to their compartment. Neurons formed contacts with airway smooth muscle cells cultured in the axonal compartment. The microfluidic chip developed in this study represents a human in vitro platform to model neuro-effector interactions in the airways that may be used for mechanistic studies into neuroplasticity in asthma and other lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Goldsteen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - P. P. M. F. A. Mulder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - I. S. T. Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M. Eggens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - L. Van der Koog
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J. T. Soeiro
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - A. J. Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - K. Mathwig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - L. E. M. Kistemaker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Aquilo BV, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - E. M. J. Verpoorte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - A. M. Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: R. Gosens, ; A. M. Dolga,
| | - R. Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- GRIAC, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: R. Gosens, ; A. M. Dolga,
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Ditz B, Kistemaker LEM, van den Berge M, Vonk JM, Gosens R, Kerstjens HAM. Responsivity and Reproducibility of Sputum Inflammatory Biomarkers During COPD Exacerbation and Stable Phases - A Pilot Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:3055-3064. [PMID: 34785892 PMCID: PMC8590961 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s326081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a great interest to identify airway biomarkers to evaluate the potential and efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions. In this pilot study, we compared cytokine mRNA and protein levels of IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL4, and TNF-α, as well as LTB-4 expression regarding their reproducibility and responsivity in induced sputum in COPD patients. Methods We recruited a cohort of 17 patients with a moderate COPD exacerbation, necessitating antibiotics and/or oral corticosteroids. Patients were followed for two consecutive stable phase visits. Cytokine mRNA and protein levels were measured in induced sputum samples. Results IL-6 and CCL4 protein levels decreased from exacerbation to stable phase, whereas their mRNA expression showed the same trend (not statistically significant). Coefficients of variation were overall lower (ie, more favorable for responsiveness) at protein levels compared to mRNA levels. No significant differences were observed in the reproducibility between cytokine mRNA expression and protein measurements. IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, and TNF-α gene expression levels yielded moderate to high intraclass correlation coefficients and/or Spearman correlation coefficients between both stable phase samples in contrast to their protein levels. Conclusion Our findings suggest that several protein levels yield better responsivity with lower noise-to-signal ratios compared to their respective mRNA levels. In contrast, cytokine mRNA expression was more reproducible as it varied less in a stable state than proteins. Future studies are needed with a larger sample size to further evaluate the differences of responsivity and reproducibility between cytokine mRNA and protein measurements, not only during exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ditz
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - L E M Kistemaker
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Aquilo BV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M van den Berge
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J M Vonk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R Gosens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H A M Kerstjens
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Koloko Ngassie ML, Brandsma CA, Gosens R, Prakash YS, Burgess JK. The Stress of Lung Aging: Endoplasmic Reticulum and Senescence Tête-à-Tête. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:150-159. [PMID: 33904785 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00039.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond the structural changes, features including the dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and increased senescence characterize the lung aging. ER stress response and senescence have been reported to be induced by factors like cigarette smoke. Therefore, deciphering the mechanisms underlying ER and senescent pathways interaction has become a challenge. In this review we highlight the known and unknown regarding ER stress response and senescence and their cross talk in aged lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Koloko Ngassie
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C A Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Gosens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD; University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - J K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
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5
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van den Berg MPM, Kurhade SH, Maarsingh H, Erceg S, Hulsbeek IR, Boekema PH, Kistemaker LEM, van Faassen M, Kema IP, Elsinga PH, Dömling A, Meurs H, Gosens R. Pharmacological Screening Identifies SHK242 and SHK277 as Novel Arginase Inhibitors with Efficacy against Allergen-Induced Airway Narrowing In Vitro and In Vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:62-73. [PMID: 32269169 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginase is a potential target for asthma treatment. However, there are currently no arginase inhibitors available for clinical use. Here, a novel class of arginase inhibitors was synthesized, and their efficacy was pharmacologically evaluated. The reference compound 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid (ABH) and >200 novel arginase inhibitors were tested for their ability to inhibit recombinant human arginase 1 and 2 in vitro. The most promising compounds were separated as enantiomers. Enantiomer pairs SHK242 and SHK243, and SHK277 and SHK278 were tested for functional efficacy by measuring their effect on allergen-induced airway narrowing in lung slices of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs ex vivo. A guinea pig model of acute allergic asthma was used to examine the effect of the most efficacious enantiopure arginase inhibitors on allergen-induced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), early and late asthmatic reactions (EAR and LAR), and airway inflammation in vivo. The novel compounds were efficacious in inhibiting arginase 1 and 2 in vitro. The enantiopure SHK242 and SHK277 fully inhibited arginase activity, with IC50 values of 3.4 and 10.5 μM for arginase 1 and 2.9 and 4.0 µM for arginase 2, respectively. Treatment of slices with ABH or novel compounds resulted in decreased ovalbumin-induced airway narrowing compared with control, explained by increased local nitric oxide production in the airway. In vivo, ABH, SHK242, and SHK277 protected against allergen-induced EAR and LAR but not against AHR or lung inflammation. We have identified promising novel arginase inhibitors for the potential treatment of allergic asthma that were able to protect against allergen-induced early and late asthmatic reactions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Arginase is a potential drug target for asthma treatment, but currently there are no arginase inhibitors available for clinical use. We have identified promising novel arginase inhibitors for the potential treatment of allergic asthma that were able to protect against allergen-induced early and late asthmatic reactions. Our new inhibitors show protective effects in reducing airway narrowing in response to allergens and reductions in the early and late asthmatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P M van den Berg
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - S H Kurhade
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - H Maarsingh
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - S Erceg
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - I R Hulsbeek
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - P H Boekema
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - L E M Kistemaker
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - M van Faassen
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - I P Kema
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - P H Elsinga
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - A Dömling
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - H Meurs
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
| | - R Gosens
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology (M.P.M.v.d.B., S.E., I.R.H., P.H.B., L.E.M.K., H.Me., R.G.) and Drug Design (S.H.K., A.D.), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen (M.v.F., I.P.K.), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lloyd L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, Florida (H.Ma.); and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (P.H.E.)
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6
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Song J, Heijink IH, Kistemaker LEM, Reinders-Luinge M, Kooistra W, Noordhoek JA, Gosens R, Brandsma CA, Timens W, Hiemstra PS, Rots MG, Hylkema MN. Aberrant DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 in airway epithelium of patients with COPD. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:42. [PMID: 28450970 PMCID: PMC5404321 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goblet cell metaplasia, a common feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with mucus hypersecretion which contributes to the morbidity and mortality among patients. Transcription factors SAM-pointed domain-containing Ets-like factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) regulate goblet cell differentiation. This study aimed to (1) investigate DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 during goblet cell differentiation and (2) compare this in airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD and controls during mucociliary differentiation. Methods To assess DNA methylation and expression of SPDEF and FOXA2 during goblet cell differentiation, primary airway epithelial cells, isolated from trachea (non-COPD controls) and bronchial tissue (patients with COPD), were differentiated by culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) in the presence of cytokine interleukin (IL)-13 to promote goblet cell differentiation. Results We found that SPDEF expression was induced during goblet cell differentiation, while FOXA2 expression was decreased. Importantly, CpG number 8 in the SPDEF promoter was hypermethylated upon differentiation, whereas DNA methylation of FOXA2 promoter was not changed. In the absence of IL-13, COPD-derived ALI-cultured cells displayed higher SPDEF expression than control-derived ALI cultures, whereas no difference was found for FOXA2 expression. This was accompanied with hypomethylation of CpG number 6 in the SPDEF promoter and also hypomethylation of CpG numbers 10 and 11 in the FOXA2 promoter. Conclusions These findings suggest that aberrant DNA methylation of SPDEF and FOXA2 is one of the factors underlying mucus hypersecretion in COPD, opening new avenues for epigenetic-based inhibition of mucus hypersecretion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0341-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - I H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L E M Kistemaker
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Reinders-Luinge
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Kooistra
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J A Noordhoek
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Gosens
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C A Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M G Rots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M N Hylkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology EA10, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Lamyel F, Warnken-Uhlich M, Seemann WK, Mohr K, Kostenis E, Ahmedat AS, Smit M, Gosens R, Meurs H, Miller-Larsson A, Racké K. The β2-subtype of adrenoceptors mediates inhibition of pro-fibrotic events in human lung fibroblasts. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2011; 384:133-45. [PMID: 21603974 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-011-0655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is part of airway remodelling observed in bronchial asthma and COPD. Pro-fibrotic activity of lung fibroblasts may be suppressed by β-adrenoceptor activation. We aimed, first, to characterise the expression pattern of β-adrenoceptor subtypes in human lung fibroblasts and, second, to probe β-adrenoceptor signalling with an emphasis on anti-fibrotic actions. Using reverse transcription PCR, messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding β(2)-adrenoceptors was detected in MRC-5, HEL-299 and primary human lung fibroblasts, whereas transcripts for β(1)- and β(3)-adrenoceptors were not found. Real-time measurement of dynamic mass redistribution in MRC-5 cells revealed β-agonist-induced G(s)-signalling. Proliferation of MRC-5 cells (determined by [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation) was significantly inhibited by β-agonists including the β(2)-selective agonist formoterol (-logIC(50), 10.2) and olodaterol (-logIC(50), 10.6). Formoterol's effect was insensitive to β(1)-antagonism (GCP 20712, 3 μM), but sensitive to β(2)-antagonism (ICI 118,551; apparent, pA (2), 9.6). Collagen synthesis in MRC-5 cells (determined by [(3)H]-proline incorporation) was inhibited by β-agonists including formoterol (-logIC(50), 10.0) and olodaterol (-logIC(50), 10.3) in a β(2)-blocker-sensitive manner. α-Smooth muscle actin, a marker of myo-fibroblast differentiation, was down-regulated at the mRNA and the protein level by about 50% following 24 and 48 h exposure to 1 nM formoterol, a maximally active concentration. In conclusion, human lung fibroblasts exclusively express β(2)-adrenoceptors and these mediate inhibition of various markers of pro-fibrotic cellular activity. Under clinical conditions, anti-fibrotic actions may accompany the therapeutic effect of long-term β(2)-agonist treatment of bronchial asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lamyel
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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8
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van Beuge MM, Prakash J, Lacombe M, Gosens R, Post E, Reker-Smit C, Beljaars L, Poelstra K. Reduction of Fibrogenesis by Selective Delivery of a Rho Kinase Inhibitor to Hepatic Stellate Cells in Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 337:628-35. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.179143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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9
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Pera T, Zuidhof A, Valadas J, Smit M, Schoemaker RG, Gosens R, Maarsingh H, Zaagsma J, Meurs H. Tiotropium inhibits pulmonary inflammation and remodelling in a guinea pig model of COPD. Eur Respir J 2011; 38:789-96. [PMID: 21349917 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00146610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodelling and emphysema are major structural abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, pulmonary vascular remodelling may occur and contribute to pulmonary hypertension, a comorbidity of COPD. Increased cholinergic activity in COPD contributes to airflow limitation and, possibly, to inflammation and airway remodelling. This study aimed to investigate the role of acetylcholine in pulmonary inflammation and remodelling using an animal model of COPD. To this aim, guinea pigs were instilled intranasally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) twice weekly for 12 weeks and were treated, by inhalation, with the long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist tiotropium. Repeated LPS exposure induced airway and parenchymal neutrophilia, and increased goblet cell numbers, lung hydroxyproline content, airway wall collagen and airspace size. Furthermore, LPS increased the number of muscularised microvessels in the adventitia of cartilaginous airways. Tiotropium abrogated the LPS-induced increase in neutrophils, goblet cells, collagen deposition and muscularised microvessels, but had no effect on emphysema. In conclusion, tiotropium inhibits remodelling of the airways as well as pulmonary inflammation in a guinea pig model of COPD, suggesting that endogenous acetylcholine plays a major role in the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pera
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University Centre for Pharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Bateman E, Rennard S, Barnes P, Dicpinigaitis P, Gosens R, Gross N, Nadel J, Pfeifer M, Racké K, Rabe K, Rubin B, Welte T, Wessler I. Alternative mechanisms for tiotropium. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2009; 22:533-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Gosens R, Rieks D, Meurs H, Ninaber DK, Rabe KF, Nanninga J, Kolahian S, Halayko AJ, Hiemstra PS, Zuyderduyn S. Muscarinic M3 receptor stimulation increases cigarette smoke-induced IL-8 secretion by human airway smooth muscle cells. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:1436-43. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00045209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark clinical symptom of asthma. At least two components of AHR have been identified: 1) baseline AHR, which is persistent and presumably caused by airway remodelling due to chronic recurrent airway inflammation; and 2) acute and variable AHR, which is associated with an episodic increase in airway inflammation due to environmental factors such as allergen exposure. Despite intensive research, the mechanisms underlying acute and chronic AHR are poorly understood. Owing to the complex variety of interactive processes that may be involved, in vitro model systems and animal models are indispensable to the unravelling of these mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level. The present paper focuses on a number of translational studies addressing the emerging central role of the airway smooth muscle cell, as a multicompetent cell involved in acute airway constriction as well as structural changes in the airways, in the pathophysiology of airway hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meurs
- Dept of Molecular Pharmacology, University Centre for Pharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, NL-9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Bos IST, Gosens R, Zuidhof AB, Schaafsma D, Halayko AJ, Meurs H, Zaagsma J. Inhibition of allergen-induced airway remodelling by tiotropium and budesonide: a comparison. Eur Respir J 2007; 30:653-61. [PMID: 17537779 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00004907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease drives pathological structural remodelling of the airways. Using tiotropium bromide, acetylcholine was recently identified as playing a major regulatory role in airway smooth muscle remodelling in a guinea pig model of ongoing allergic asthma. The aim of the present study was to investigate other aspects of airway remodelling and to compare the effectiveness of tiotropium to the glucocorticosteroid budesonide. Ovalbumin-sensitised guinea pigs were challenged for 12 weeks with aerosolised ovalbumin. The ovalbumin induced airway smooth muscle thickening, hypercontractility of tracheal smooth muscle, increased pulmonary contractile protein (smooth-muscle myosin) abundance, mucous gland hypertrophy, an increase in mucin 5 subtypes A and C (MUC5AC)-positive goblet cell numbers and eosinophilia. It was reported previously that treatment with tiotropium inhibits airway smooth muscle thickening and contractile protein expression, and prevents tracheal hypercontractility. This study demonstrates that tiotropium also fully prevented allergen-induced mucous gland hypertrophy, and partially reduced the increase in MUC5AC-positive goblet cell numbers and eosinophil infiltration. Treatment with budesonide also prevented airway smooth muscle thickening, contractile protein expression, tracheal hypercontractility and mucous gland hypertrophy, and partially reduced MUC5AC-positive goblet cell numbers and eosinophilia. This study demonstrates that tiotropium and budesonide are similarly effective in inhibiting several aspects of airway remodelling, providing further evidence that the beneficial effects of tiotropium bromide might exceed those of bronchodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S T Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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An S, Bai T, Bates J, Black J, Brown R, Brusasco V, Chitano P, Deng L, Dowell M, Eidelman D, Fabry B, Fairbank N, Ford L, Fredberg J, Gerthoffer W, Gilbert S, Gosens R, Gunst S, Halayko A, Ingram R, Irvin C, James A, Janssen L, King G, Knight D, Lauzon A, Lakser O, Ludwig M, Lutchen K, Maksym G, Martin J, Mauad T, McParland B, Mijailovich S, Mitchell H, Mitchell R, Mitzner W, Murphy T, Paré P, Pellegrino R, Sanderson M, Schellenberg R, Seow C, Silveira P, Smith P, Solway J, Stephens N, Sterk P, Stewart A, Tang D, Tepper R, Tran T, Wang L. Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma. Eur Respir J 2007; 29:834-60. [PMID: 17470619 PMCID: PMC2527453 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00112606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Excessive airway obstruction is the cause of symptoms and abnormal lung function in asthma. As airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effecter controlling airway calibre, it is suspected that dysfunction of ASM contributes to the pathophysiology of asthma. However, the precise role of ASM in the series of events leading to asthmatic symptoms is not clear. It is not certain whether, in asthma, there is a change in the intrinsic properties of ASM, a change in the structure and mechanical properties of the noncontractile components of the airway wall, or a change in the interdependence of the airway wall with the surrounding lung parenchyma. All these potential changes could result from acute or chronic airway inflammation and associated tissue repair and remodelling. Anti-inflammatory therapy, however, does not "cure" asthma, and airway hyperresponsiveness can persist in asthmatics, even in the absence of airway inflammation. This is perhaps because the therapy does not directly address a fundamental abnormality of asthma, that of exaggerated airway narrowing due to excessive shortening of ASM. In the present study, a central role for airway smooth muscle in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.S. An
- Division of Physiology, Dept of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - T.R. Bai
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J.H.T. Bates
- Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | - J.L. Black
- Dept of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney
| | - R.H. Brown
- Dept of Anesthesiology and Critical Care medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - V. Brusasco
- Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa
| | - P. Chitano
- Dept of Paediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - L. Deng
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - M. Dowell
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - D.H. Eidelman
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Dept of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal
| | - B. Fabry
- Center for Medical Physics and Technology, Erlangen, Germany
| | - N.J. Fairbank
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | | | - J.J. Fredberg
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health
| | - W.T. Gerthoffer
- Dept of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV
| | | | - R. Gosens
- Dept of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - S.J. Gunst
- Dept of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - A.J. Halayko
- Dept of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - R.H. Ingram
- Dept of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - C.G. Irvin
- Vermont Lung Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | - A.L. James
- West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands
| | - L.J. Janssen
- Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - G.G. King
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Camperdown
| | - D.A. Knight
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - A.M. Lauzon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Dept of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal
| | - O.J. Lakser
- Section of Paediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - M.S. Ludwig
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Dept of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal
| | - K.R. Lutchen
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston
| | - G.N. Maksym
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax
| | - J.G. Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Dept of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal
| | - T. Mauad
- Dept of Pathology, Sao Paulo University Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - S.M. Mijailovich
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health
| | - H.W. Mitchell
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | | | - W. Mitzner
- Division of Physiology, Dept of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - T.M. Murphy
- Dept of Paediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - P.D. Paré
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - R. Pellegrino
- Dept of Respiratory Physiopathology, S. Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - M.J. Sanderson
- Dept of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - R.R. Schellenberg
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - C.Y. Seow
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - P.S.P. Silveira
- Dept of Pathology, Sao Paulo University Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P.G. Smith
- Dept of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - J. Solway
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
| | - N.L. Stephens
- Dept of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - P.J. Sterk
- Dept of Pulmonology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A.G. Stewart
- Dept of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - D.D. Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - R.S. Tepper
- Dept of Paediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - T. Tran
- Dept of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - L. Wang
- Dept of Paediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recently, the use of inhaled insulin formulations for the treatment of type I and type II diabetes has been approved in Europe and in the United States. For regular use, it is critical that airway function remains unimpaired in response to insulin exposure. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated the effects of insulin on airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction and contractile prostaglandin (PG) production, using guinea-pig open-ring tracheal smooth muscle preparations. KEY RESULTS It was found that insulin (1 nM-1 microM) induced a concentration-dependent contraction that was insensitive to epithelium removal. These sustained contractions were susceptible to inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (indomethacin, 3 microM), Rho-kinase (Y-27632, 1 microM) and p42/44 MAP kinase (PD-98059, 30 microM and U-0126, 3 microM), but not of PI-3-kinase (LY-294002,10 microM). In addition, insulin significantly increased PGF(2alpha)-production which was inhibited by indomethacin, but not Y-27632. Moreover, the FP-receptor antagonist AL-8810 (10 microM) and the EP(1)-receptor antagonist AH-6809 (10 microM) strongly reduced insulin-induced contractions, supporting a pivotal role for contractile prostaglandins. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Collectively, the results show that insulin induces guinea-pig ASM contraction presumably through the production of contractile prostaglandins, which in turn are dependent on Rho-kinase for their contractile effects. The data suggest that administration of insulin as an aerosol could result in some acute adverse effects on ASM function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schaafsma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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16
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Halayko AJ, Tran T, Ji SY, Yamasaki A, Gosens R. Airway smooth muscle phenotype and function: interactions with current asthma therapies. Curr Drug Targets 2006; 7:525-40. [PMID: 16719764 DOI: 10.2174/138945006776818728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Asthma incidence has climbed markedly in the past two decades despite an increased use of medications that suppress airway inflammation and repress contraction of smooth muscle that encircles the airways. Asthmatics exhibit episodes of airway inflammation that potentiates reversible airway smooth muscle spasm. A hallmark diagnostic symptom of asthma is airway hyperresponsiveness to inhaled non-allergic stimuli, such as methacholine, that directly induce airway smooth muscle contraction. Inhaled gluccocorticoids are used for first-line prevention of airway inflammation, and are frequently combined with inhaled beta2-adrenoceptor agonists that can effectively relax airway smooth muscle and restore airway conductance. Leukotriene receptor antagonists and anti-cholinergics can also be used in many patients to ensure optimal control of symptoms. With increasing disease duration irreversible airway restriction develops from inflammation-driven fibro-proliferative airway remodeling that includes increased deposition of extracellular matrix, the accumulation of airway smooth muscle, and increased numbers of myofibroblasts. Mature airway smooth muscle cells are phenotypically plastic, enabling them to subserve contractile, proliferative, migratory and secretory functional responses that contribute to airway remodeling and persistent hyperresponsiveness. This review assesses current understanding of acute and chronic effects of common anti-asthma medications on the diverse phenotype and functional characteristics of airway smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, we describe the significance of these effects in the treatment of asthma symptoms and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Halayko
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, and Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 3P4.
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