1
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Jo M, Lee JYM, Assouline A, Brasseur P, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Roche P, Glattli DC, Kumada N, Parmentier FD, Sim HS, Roulleau P. Scaling behavior of electron decoherence in a graphene Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5473. [PMID: 36115841 PMCID: PMC9482640 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOver the past 20 years, many efforts have been made to understand and control decoherence in 2D electron systems. In particular, several types of electronic interferometers have been considered in GaAs heterostructures, in order to protect the interfering electrons from decoherence. Nevertheless, it is now understood that several intrinsic decoherence sources fundamentally limit more advanced quantum manipulations. Here, we show that graphene offers a unique possibility to reach a regime where the decoherence is frozen and to study unexplored regimes of electron interferometry. We probe the decoherence of electron channels in a graphene quantum Hall PN junction, forming a Mach-Zehnder interferometer1,2, and unveil a scaling behavior of decay of the interference visibility with the temperature scaled by the interferometer length. It exhibits a remarkable crossover from an exponential decay at higher temperature to an algebraic decay at lower temperature where almost no decoherence occurs, a regime previously unobserved in GaAs interferometers.
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2
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Le Breton G, Delagrange R, Hong Y, Garg M, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Ribeiro-Palau R, Roulleau P, Roche P, Parmentier FD. Heat Equilibration of Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Edge Modes in Graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:116803. [PMID: 36154417 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.116803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hole-conjugate states of the fractional quantum Hall effect host counterpropagating edge channels which are thought to exchange charge and energy. These exchanges have been the subject of extensive theoretical and experimental works; in particular, it is yet unclear if the presence of integer quantum Hall edge channels stemming from fully filled Landau levels affects heat equilibration along the edge. In this Letter, we present heat transport measurements in quantum Hall states of graphene demonstrating that the integer channels can strongly equilibrate with the fractional ones, leading to markedly different regimes of quantized heat transport that depend on edge electrostatics. Our results allow for a better comprehension of the complex edge physics in the fractional quantum Hall regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Le Breton
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - R Delagrange
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Y Hong
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Garg
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - K Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, 305-0044 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, 305-0044 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - R Ribeiro-Palau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - P Roulleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - P Roche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - F D Parmentier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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3
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Ahmad M, Ahmad S, Ahmad H, Basile E, Roche P. Pure Infarct of the Oculomotor Nucleus With Fetal Posterior Cerebral Artery Involvement. Cureus 2021; 13:e20282. [PMID: 35028199 PMCID: PMC8747981 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular anomalies are present in the posterior circulation. In the case of this stroke patient, the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) was shown to have a fetal origin. A fetal PCA is classified as either a partial or complete fetal PCA, which can be determined by the presence of a remnant or absence of P1, the PCA segment directly arising from the terminal of the basilar artery. If absent, the PCA has arisen completely from the internal carotid artery (ICA) and is termed complete fetal PCA, or cfPCA. A partial fetal PCA, or pfPCA, is what is found when a hypoplastic segment persists. Here, we report a partial infarction of the oculomotor nucleus with ipsilateral fetal PCA in a 59-year-old female.
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Beauchamp MK, Niebuhr R, Roche P, Kirkwood R, Sibley KM. A prospective study to establish the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals with stroke. Clin Rehabil 2021; 35:1207-1215. [PMID: 34128411 PMCID: PMC8273365 DOI: 10.1177/02692155211025131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals' post-stroke. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Outpatient stroke rehabilitation. SUBJECTS Fifty outpatients with stroke with a mean (SD) age of 60.8 (9.4). INTERVENTION Outpatients with stroke were assessed with the Mini-BESTest before and after a course of conventional rehabilitation. Rehabilitation sessions occurred one to two times/week for one hour and treatment duration was 1.3-42 weeks (mean (SD) = 17.4(10.6)). MAIN MEASURES We used a combination of anchor- and distribution-based approaches including a global rating of change in balance scale completed by physiotherapists and patients, the minimal detectable change with 95% confidence, and the optimal cut-point from receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS The average (SD) Mini-BESTest score at admission was 18.2 (6.5) and 22.4 (5.2) at discharge (effect size: 0.7) (P = 0.001). Mean change scores on the Mini-BESTest for patient and physiotherapist ratings of small change were 4.2 and 4.3 points, and 4.7 and 5.3 points for substantial change, respectively. The minimal detectable change with 95% confidence for the Mini-BESTest was 3.2 points. The minimally clinical importance difference was determined to be 4 points for detecting small changes and 5 points for detecting substantial changes. CONCLUSIONS A change of 4-5 points on the Mini-BEST is required to be perceptible to clinicians and patients, and beyond measurement error. These values can be used to interpret changes in balance in stroke rehabilitation research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla K Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Patricia Roche
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Renata Kirkwood
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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5
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Jo M, Brasseur P, Assouline A, Fleury G, Sim HS, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Dumnernpanich W, Roche P, Glattli DC, Kumada N, Parmentier FD, Roulleau P. Quantum Hall Valley Splitters and a Tunable Mach-Zehnder Interferometer in Graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:146803. [PMID: 33891444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.146803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a very promising test bed for the field of electron quantum optics. However, a fully tunable and coherent electronic beam splitter is still missing. We report the demonstration of electronic beam splitters in graphene that couple quantum Hall edge channels having opposite valley polarizations. The electronic transmission of our beam splitters can be tuned from zero to near unity. By independently setting the beam splitters at the two corners of a graphene p-n junction to intermediate transmissions, we realize a fully tunable electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer. This tunability allows us to unambiguously identify the quantum interferences due to the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and to study their dependence with the beam-splitter transmission and the interferometer bias voltage. The comparison with conventional semiconductor interferometers points toward universal processes driving the quantum decoherence in those two different 2D systems, with graphene being much more robust to their effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jo
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - P Brasseur
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - A Assouline
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - G Fleury
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - H-S Sim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - K Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - W Dumnernpanich
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - P Roche
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - D C Glattli
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - N Kumada
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198, Japan
| | - F D Parmentier
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
| | - P Roulleau
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
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Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterised by fluctuating muscle weakness, which worsens during activity. It affects particularly scapular and pelvic girdles, axial and bulbar muscles. Myasthenia gravis is twice more frequent in women and symptoms often appear in the second and third decade of life. Thus, a growing number of women affected by this condition become pregnant. To minimise the effects of myasthenia gravis on pregnancy and the newborn, and to avoid myasthenia crisis in the post-partum, the pregnancy must be planned as far as possible. During pregnancy, treatment must be reviewed due to the threat of teratogenic effects (mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab), and the follow-up must be multidisciplinary.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roche
- Service d'électroneuromyographie et pathologies neuromusculaires - Hôpital Pierre-Wertheimer - CHU de Lyon HCL - GH Est, 59, boulevard Pinel, Bron cedex, Lyon, France
| | - F Bouhour
- Service d'électroneuromyographie et pathologies neuromusculaires - Hôpital Pierre-Wertheimer - CHU de Lyon HCL - GH Est, 59, boulevard Pinel, Bron cedex, Lyon, France.
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7
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Leblanc R, Kashyap R, Barral K, Egea-Jimenez AL, Kovalskyy D, Feracci M, Garcia M, Derviaux C, Betzi S, Ghossoub R, Platonov M, Roche P, Morelli X, Hoffer L, Zimmermann P. Pharmacological inhibition of syntenin PDZ2 domain impairs breast cancer cell activities and exosome loading with syndecan and EpCAM cargo. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12039. [PMID: 33343836 PMCID: PMC7737769 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes support cell-to-cell communication in physiology and disease, including cancer. We currently lack tools, such as small chemicals, capable of modifying exosome composition and activity in a specific manner. Building on our previous understanding of how syntenin, and its PDZ partner syndecan (SDC), impact on exosome composition we optimized a small chemical compound targeting the PDZ2 domain of syntenin. In vitro , in tests on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, this compound is non-toxic and impairs cell proliferation, migration and primary sphere formation. It does not affect the size or the number of secreted particles, yet it decreases the amounts of exosomal syntenin, ALIX and SDC4 while leaving other exosomal markers unaffected. Interestingly, it also blocks the sorting of EpCAM, a bona fide target used for carcinoma exosome immunocapture. Our study highlights the first characterization of a small pharmacological inhibitor of the syntenin-exosomal pathway, of potential interest for exosome research and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Leblanc
- Equipe labellisée Ligue 2018 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille France
| | - R Kashyap
- Equipe labellisée Ligue 2018 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille France
| | - K Barral
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - A L Egea-Jimenez
- Equipe labellisée Ligue 2018 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille France
| | - D Kovalskyy
- Enamine Ltd. Kyiv Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine
| | - M Feracci
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - M Garcia
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - C Derviaux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - S Betzi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - R Ghossoub
- Equipe labellisée Ligue 2018 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille France
| | - M Platonov
- Enamine Ltd. Kyiv Ukraine.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine
| | - P Roche
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - X Morelli
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - L Hoffer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille Integrative Structural & Chemical Biology Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes Marseille France
| | - Pascale Zimmermann
- Equipe labellisée Ligue 2018 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes Marseille France.,Department of Human Genetics K. U. Leuven Leuven Belgium
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8
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Roche P, Shimmin C, Hickes S, Khan M, Sherzoi O, Wicklund E, Lavoie JG, Hardie S, Wittmeier KDM, Sibley KM. Valuing All Voices: refining a trauma-informed, intersectional and critical reflexive framework for patient engagement in health research using a qualitative descriptive approach. Res Involv Engagem 2020; 6:42. [PMID: 32699647 PMCID: PMC7370500 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-020-00217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical stakeholder-identified gaps in current health research engagement strategies include the exclusion of voices traditionally less heard and a lack of consideration for the role of trauma in lived experience. Previous work has advocated for a trauma-informed, intersectional, and critical reflexive approach to patient and public involvement in health research. The Valuing All Voices Framework embodies these theoretical concepts through four key components: trust, self-awareness, empathy, and relationship building. The goal of this framework is to provide the context for research teams to conduct patient engagement through the use of a social justice and health equity lens, to improve safety and inclusivity in health research. The aim of this study was to revise the proposed Valuing All Voices Framework with members of groups whose voices are traditionally less heard in health research. METHODS A qualitative descriptive approach was used to conduct a thematic analysis of participant input on the proposed framework. Methods were co-developed with a patient co-researcher and community organizations. RESULTS Group and individual interviews were held with 18 participants identifying as Inuit; refugee, immigrant, and/or newcomer; and/or as a person with lived experience of a mental health condition. Participants supported the proposed framework and underlying theory. Participant definitions of framework components included characterizations, behaviours, feelings, motivations, and ways to put components into action during engagement. Emphasis was placed on the need for a holistic approach to engagement; focusing on open and honest communication; building trusting relationships that extend beyond the research process; and capacity development for both researchers and patient partners. Participants suggested changes that incorporated some of their definitions; simplified and contextualized proposed component definitions; added a component of "education and communication"; and added a 'how to' section for each component. The framework was revised according to participant suggestions and validated through member checking. CONCLUSIONS The revised Valuing All Voices Framework provides guidance for teams looking to employ trauma-informed approaches, intersectional analysis, and critical reflexive practice in the co-development of meaningful, inclusive, and safe engagement strategies. PLAIN ENGLISH SUMMARY Patient engagement in health research continues to exclude many people who face challenges in accessing healthcare, including (but not limited to) First Nations, Inuit, and Metis people; immigrants, refugees, and newcomers; and people with lived experience of a mental health condition. We proposed a new guide to help researchers engage with patients and members of the public in research decision-making in a meaningful, inclusive, and safe way. We called this the Valuing All Voices Framework, and met with people who identify as members of some of these groups to help define the key parts of the framework (trust; self-awareness; empathy; and relationship building), to tell us what they liked and disliked about the proposed framework, and what needed to be changed. Input from participants was used to change the framework, including clarifying definitions of the key parts, adding another key part called "education and communication", and providing action items so teams can put these key parts into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Roche
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation (CHI), 3rd Floor - 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6 Canada
| | - C. Shimmin
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation (CHI), 3rd Floor - 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6 Canada
| | - S. Hickes
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation (CHI), 3rd Floor - 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6 Canada
| | - M. Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room S113 – 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3 Canada
| | - O. Sherzoi
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation (CHI), 3rd Floor - 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6 Canada
| | - E. Wicklund
- Canadian Centre on Disability Studies, Unit #10, 226 Osborne Street North, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 1V4 Canada
| | - J. G. Lavoie
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room S113 – 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3 Canada
- Ongomiizwin Research, Indigenous Institute of Health and Healing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 715 – 727 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
| | - S. Hardie
- Canadian Centre on Disability Studies, Unit #10, 226 Osborne Street North, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 1V4 Canada
| | - K. D. M. Wittmeier
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, University of Manitoba, CE-208 Children’s Hospital, 840 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1S1 Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 656 – 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4 Canada
| | - K. M. Sibley
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation (CHI), 3rd Floor - 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6 Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Room S113 – 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3 Canada
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9
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Rodriguez RH, Parmentier FD, Ferraro D, Roulleau P, Gennser U, Cavanna A, Sassetti M, Portier F, Mailly D, Roche P. Relaxation and revival of quasiparticles injected in an interacting quantum Hall liquid. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2426. [PMID: 32415091 PMCID: PMC7229030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-dimensional, chiral edge channels of the quantum Hall effect are a promising platform in which to implement electron quantum optics experiments; however, Coulomb interactions between edge channels are a major source of decoherence and energy relaxation. It is therefore of large interest to understand the range and limitations of the simple quantum electron optics picture. Here we confirm experimentally for the first time the predicted relaxation and revival of electrons injected at finite energy into an edge channel. The observed decay of the injected electrons is reproduced theoretically within a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid framework, including an important dissipation towards external degrees of freedom. This gives us a quantitative empirical understanding of the strength of the interaction and the dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Rodriguez
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - F D Parmentier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France.
| | - D Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
- SPIN-CNR, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - P Roulleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - U Gennser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - A Cavanna
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - M Sassetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
- SPIN-CNR, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - F Portier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - D Mailly
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - P Roche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, SPEC, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
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10
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Gravier Dumonceau A, Jeannin-Mayer S, Roche P, Honnorat J, Joubert B, Thobois S, Laurencin C. Unilateral clinical manifestations in LGI1-antibody encephalitis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019; 175:481-483. [PMID: 31182313 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gravier Dumonceau
- Service de neurologie C, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - S Jeannin-Mayer
- Service d'exploration fonctionnelle et épileptologie, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - P Roche
- Service d'exploration fonctionnelle et épileptologie, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - J Honnorat
- Service de neuro-oncologie, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France; Inserm U1217, CNRS UMR 5310, centre de référence des syndromes neurologiques paranéoplasiques, université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, hospices civils de Lyon, institut neuromyogène, Lyon, France
| | - B Joubert
- Service de neuro-oncologie, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France; Inserm U1217, CNRS UMR 5310, centre de référence des syndromes neurologiques paranéoplasiques, université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, hospices civils de Lyon, institut neuromyogène, Lyon, France
| | - S Thobois
- Service de neurologie C, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France; UMR 5229, CNRS, institut des sciences cognitives Marc-Jeannerod, 69500 Bron, France; Faculté de médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud Charles-Mérieux, université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - C Laurencin
- Service de neurologie C, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France; UMR 5229, CNRS, institut des sciences cognitives Marc-Jeannerod, 69500 Bron, France.
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11
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Dumont L, Lauer E, Zimmermann S, Roche P, Auliac P, Sarasa M. Monitoring black grouse Tetrao tetrix in Isère, northern French Alps: cofactors, population trends and potential biases. Anim Biodiv Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.32800/abc.2019.42.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wildlife management benefits from studies that verify or improve the reliability of monitoring protocols. In this study in Isère, France, we tested for potential links between the abundance of black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in lek–count surveys and cofactors (procedural, geographical and meteorological cofactors) between 1989 and 2016. We also examined the effect of omitting or considering the important cofactors on the long–term population trend that can be inferred from lek–count data. Model selections for data at hand highlighted that the abundance of black grouse was mainly linked to procedural cofactors, such as the number of observers, the time of first observation of a displaying male, the day, and the year of the count. Some additional factors relating to the surface of the census sector, temperature, northing, altitude and wind conditions also appeared depending on the spatial or temporal scale of the analysis. The inclusion of the important cofactors in models modulated the estimates of population trends. The results of the larger dataset highlighted a mean increase of +17 % (+5.3 %; +29 %) of the abundance of black grouse from 1997 to 2001, and a mean increase in population of +47 % (+16 %; +87 %) throughout the study period (1989–2016). We discuss the hypothesis of plausible links between this past increase in the number of black grouse and the ecological impact of the winter storm ‘Vivian’. Findings from our study and the ecological phenomena that were concomitant with the observed population trend provide opportunities to strengthen the monitoring and management of black grouse in the Alps.
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12
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Zakaria R, Greaves R, Koplin J, Roche P, O’malley C, Collie J, Allen K. Vitamin D levels at birth and the risk of developing paediatric food allergy. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Rolland C, Peugeot A, Dambach S, Westig M, Kubala B, Mukharsky Y, Altimiras C, le Sueur H, Joyez P, Vion D, Roche P, Esteve D, Ankerhold J, Portier F. Antibunched Photons Emitted by a dc-Biased Josephson Junction. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:186804. [PMID: 31144884 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.186804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We show experimentally that a dc biased Josephson junction in series with a high-enough-impedance microwave resonator emits antibunched photons. Our resonator is made of a simple microfabricated spiral coil that resonates at 4.4 GHz and reaches a 1.97 kΩ characteristic impedance. The second order correlation function of the power leaking out of the resonator drops down to 0.3 at zero delay, which demonstrates the antibunching of the photons emitted by the circuit at a rate of 6×10^{7} photons per second. Results are found in quantitative agreement with our theoretical predictions. This simple scheme could offer an efficient and bright single-photon source in the microwave domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rolland
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - A Peugeot
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - S Dambach
- Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and IQST, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - M Westig
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - B Kubala
- Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and IQST, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Y Mukharsky
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - C Altimiras
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - H le Sueur
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Joyez
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - D Vion
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Roche
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - D Esteve
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J Ankerhold
- Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and IQST, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - F Portier
- DSM/IRAMIS/SPEC, CNRS UMR 3680, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
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14
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Farnault L, Venton G, Pourroy B, Jourde-Chiche N, Ivanov V, Arcani R, Roche P, Mercier C, Colle J, Fanciullino R, Costello RT. Severe renal insufficiency is not an absolute pitfall to autologous stem cell transplantation with BeEAM (bendamustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) conditioning regimen. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 54:1173-1175. [PMID: 30718799 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Farnault
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - G Venton
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - B Pourroy
- Pharmacy, ONCOPHARMA Unit, Timone Hospital, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - N Jourde-Chiche
- Department of Nephrology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.,UMR_S 1076, Vascular Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - V Ivanov
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - R Arcani
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - P Roche
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - C Mercier
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - J Colle
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - R Fanciullino
- Pharmacy Unit, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, APHM, Marseille, France.,SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, UMR_911 CRO2 AMU, Marseille, France
| | - R T Costello
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, INSERM UMR_S 1090, Technological Advances for Genomics and Clinics, Marseille, France
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15
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Seo M, Roulleau P, Roche P, Glattli DC, Sanquer M, Jehl X, Hutin L, Barraud S, Parmentier FD. Strongly Correlated Charge Transport in Silicon Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Quantum Dots. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:027701. [PMID: 30085716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.027701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantum shot noise probes the dynamics of charge transfers through a quantum conductor, reflecting whether quasiparticles flow across the conductor in a steady stream, or in syncopated bursts. We have performed high-sensitivity shot noise measurements in a quantum dot obtained in a silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. The quality of our device allows us to precisely associate the different transport regimes and their statistics with the internal state of the quantum dot. In particular, we report on large current fluctuations in the inelastic cotunneling regime, corresponding to different highly correlated, non-Markovian charge transfer processes. We have also observed unusually large current fluctuations at low energy in the elastic cotunneling regime, the origin of which remains to be fully investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seo
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - P Roulleau
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - P Roche
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - D C Glattli
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - M Sanquer
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-PHELIQS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - X Jehl
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-PHELIQS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L Hutin
- CEA, LETI, Minatec Campus, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Barraud
- CEA, LETI, Minatec Campus, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - F D Parmentier
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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16
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Venton G, Suchon P, Colle J, Baier C, Sanderson F, Poullin P, Ivanov V, Mercier C, Farnault L, Roche P, Arcani R, Fanciullino R, Brunet C, Philip PJM, Costello R. Hematopoietic reconstitution after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: do CD45 (+) CD34 (+) CD38 (-) progenitors really matter in real life? Transfus Apher Sci 2018; 57:406-408. [PMID: 29709543 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Venton
- INSERM, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - P Suchon
- Hematology laboratory, La Timone, University Hospital of Marseille, France; UMR 1062 NORT, INSERM, Marseille France
| | - J Colle
- INSERM, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - C Baier
- INSERM, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France
| | - F Sanderson
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France; Apheresis and auto transfusion department, la Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - P Poullin
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France; Apheresis and auto transfusion department, la Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - V Ivanov
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - C Mercier
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France; UMR-911 INSERM, Toxicokinetics andpharmacokinetics laboratory, pharmacological faculty, Marseille, France
| | - L Farnault
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - P Roche
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - R Arcani
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - R Fanciullino
- SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, UMR_911 CRO2 AMU Marseille, France; Pharmacy Unit, La Conception University Hospital of Marseille, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - C Brunet
- Hematology laboratory, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France
| | - P J M Philip
- Cell therapy unit - The French Blood Establishment (EFS - Provence - Alpes Côte d'Azur - Corse)", Saint Laurent du Var, France
| | - R Costello
- INSERM, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR1090 TAGC,Marseille, F_13288,France; Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, France.
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17
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Parlavecchio O, Altimiras C, Souquet JR, Simon P, Safi I, Joyez P, Vion D, Roche P, Esteve D, Portier F. Erratum: Fluctuation-Dissipation Relations of a Tunnel Junction Driven by a Quantum Circuit [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 126801 (2015)]. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:049901. [PMID: 29437444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.049901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.126801.
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18
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Westig M, Kubala B, Parlavecchio O, Mukharsky Y, Altimiras C, Joyez P, Vion D, Roche P, Esteve D, Hofheinz M, Trif M, Simon P, Ankerhold J, Portier F. Emission of Nonclassical Radiation by Inelastic Cooper Pair Tunneling. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:137001. [PMID: 29341699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.137001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We show that a properly dc-biased Josephson junction in series with two microwave resonators of different frequencies emits photon pairs in the resonators. By measuring auto- and intercorrelations of the power leaking out of the resonators, we demonstrate two-mode amplitude squeezing below the classical limit. This nonclassical microwave light emission is found to be in quantitative agreement with our theoretical predictions, up to an emission rate of 2 billion photon pairs per second.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Westig
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Kubala
- Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and IQST, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - O Parlavecchio
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Mukharsky
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Altimiras
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Joyez
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Vion
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Roche
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Esteve
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Hofheinz
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Trif
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Simon
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J Ankerhold
- Institute for Complex Quantum Systems and IQST, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - F Portier
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Graillon T, Peyre M, Kalamarides M, Sanson M, Barrié M, Campello C, Tabouret E, Roche P, Dufour H, Chinot O. OS6.6 CEVOREM Trial: Combination of EVerolimus and Octreotide in REsistant MeningiomasPresentation and Preliminary results. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Graillon T, Romano D, Defilles C, Figarella-Branger D, Roche P, Dufour H, Chinot O, Barlier A. P11.11 Aggressive Meningiomas: In vitro study of the combination pasireotide-everolimus vs. octreotide everolimus. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bagchi RA, Roche P, Aroutiounova N, Espira L, Abrenica B, Schweitzer R, Czubryt MP. The transcription factor scleraxis is a critical regulator of cardiac fibroblast phenotype. BMC Biol 2016; 14:21. [PMID: 26988708 PMCID: PMC4794909 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-016-0243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resident fibroblasts synthesize the cardiac extracellular matrix, and can undergo phenotype conversion to myofibroblasts to augment matrix production, impairing function and contributing to organ failure. A significant gap in our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of these processes exists. Given the key role of this phenotype conversion in fibrotic disease, the identification of such novel transcriptional regulators may yield new targets for therapies for fibrosis. Results Using explanted primary cardiac fibroblasts in gain- and loss-of-function studies, we found that scleraxis critically controls cardiac fibroblast/myofibroblast phenotype by direct transcriptional regulation of myriad genes that effectively define these cells, including extracellular matrix components and α-smooth muscle actin. Scleraxis furthermore potentiated the TGFβ/Smad3 signaling pathway, a key regulator of myofibroblast conversion, by facilitating transcription complex formation. While scleraxis promoted fibroblast to myofibroblast conversion, loss of scleraxis attenuated myofibroblast function and gene expression. These results were confirmed in scleraxis knockout mice, which were cardiac matrix-deficient and lost ~50 % of their complement of cardiac fibroblasts, with evidence of impaired epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Scleraxis directly transactivated several EMT marker genes, and was sufficient to induce mesenchymal/fibroblast phenotype conversion of A549 epithelial cells. Conversely, loss of scleraxis attenuated TGFβ-induced EMT marker expression. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that scleraxis is a novel and potent regulator of cellular progression along the continuum culminating in the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype. Scleraxis was both sufficient to drive conversion, and required for full conversion to occur. Scleraxis fulfills this role by direct transcriptional regulation of key target genes, and by facilitating TGFβ/Smad signaling. Given the key role of fibroblast to myofibroblast conversion in fibrotic diseases in the heart and other tissue types, scleraxis may be an important target for therapeutic development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-016-0243-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushita A Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Nina Aroutiounova
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Leon Espira
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Bernard Abrenica
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Research Division and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Michael P Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, R4008 St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Zeglinski MR, Roche P, Hnatowich M, Jassal DS, Wigle JT, Czubryt MP, Dixon IMC. TGFβ1 regulates Scleraxis expression in primary cardiac myofibroblasts by a Smad-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H239-49. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00584.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In cardiac wound healing following myocardial infarction (MI), relatively inactive resident cardiac fibroblasts phenoconvert to hypersynthetic/secretory myofibroblasts that produce large quantities of extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibrillar collagen proteins. Our laboratory and others have identified TGFβ1 as being a persistent stimulus in the chronic and inappropriate wound healing phase that is marked by hypertrophic scarring and eventual stiffening of the entire myocardium, ultimately leading to the pathogenesis of heart failure following MI. Ski is a potent negative regulator of TGFβ/Smad signaling with known antifibrotic effects. Conversely, Scleraxis is a potent profibrotic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that stimulates fibrillar collagen expression. We hypothesize that TGFβ1 induces Scleraxis expression by a novel Smad-independent pathway. Our data support the hypothesis that Scleraxis expression is induced by TGFβ1 through a Smad-independent pathway in the cardiac myofibroblast. Specifically, we demonstrate that TGFβ1 stimulates p42/44 (Erk1/2) kinases, which leads to increased Scleraxis expression. Inhibition of MEK1/2 using U0126 led to a sequential temporal reduction of phospho-p42/44 and subsequent Scleraxis expression. We also found that adenoviral Ski expression in primary myofibroblasts caused a significant repression of endogenous Scleraxis expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Thus we have identified a novel TGFβ1-driven, Smad-independent, signaling cascade that may play an important role in regulating the fibrotic response in activated cardiac myofibroblasts following cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Zeglinski
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mark Hnatowich
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Davinder S. Jassal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T. Wigle
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - Michael P. Czubryt
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ian M. C. Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Roche P, Ritzenthaler T, Nighoghossian N. Cerebral venous thrombosis causing simultaneous pulmonary embolism and internal carotid artery stroke. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2015; 172:167-8. [PMID: 26318893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Roche
- Service d'urgences neurovasculaires, hôpital Neurologique, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron cedex, France
| | - T Ritzenthaler
- Service d'urgences neurovasculaires, hôpital Neurologique, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron cedex, France; Université de Lyon CREATIS, CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1044, INSA-Lyon, université Lyon 1, hospices civils de Lyon, bâtiment Blaise-Pascal, 7, avenue Jean-Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | - N Nighoghossian
- Service d'urgences neurovasculaires, hôpital Neurologique, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron cedex, France; Université de Lyon CREATIS, CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1044, INSA-Lyon, université Lyon 1, hospices civils de Lyon, bâtiment Blaise-Pascal, 7, avenue Jean-Capelle, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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Roche P, Bagchi R, Aroutiounova N, Czubryt M. Scleraxis Regulates the Cardiac Myofibroblast Phenotype. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.671.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Roche
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Rushita Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Nina Aroutiounova
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Michael Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research CentreWinnipegManitobaCanada
- Physiology and PathophysiologyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
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Bagchi R, Roche P, Schweitzer R, Czubryt M. Scleraxis: A Novel Transcriptional Regulator of Cardiac Fibroblast Function and Phenotype. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.556.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rushita Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Cell & Developmental Biology Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandORUnited States
| | - Michael Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
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Parlavecchio O, Altimiras C, Souquet JR, Simon P, Safi I, Joyez P, Vion D, Roche P, Esteve D, Portier F. Fluctuation-dissipation relations of a tunnel junction driven by a quantum circuit. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:126801. [PMID: 25860764 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.126801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We derive fluctuation-dissipation relations for a tunnel junction driven through a resonator displaying strong quantum fluctuations. We find that the fluctuation-dissipation relations derived for classical external drives hold, provided the effect of the circuit's quantum fluctuations is incorporated into the modified nonlinear current voltage characteristics. We also demonstrate that all quantities measured under a time dependent bias can be reconstructed from their values measured under a dc bias using photoassisted tunneling relations. We confirm these predictions by implementing the circuit and measuring the dc current through the junction, its high frequency admittance, and its current noise at the frequency of the resonator.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Parlavecchio
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Altimiras
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-R Souquet
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Simon
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - I Safi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Joyez
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Vion
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Roche
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Esteve
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Portier
- SPEC (UMR 3680 CEA-CNRS), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Bagchi R, Roche P, Aroutiounova N, Schweitzer R, Czubryt M. Scleraxis regulates myocardial extracellular matrix synthesis and homeostasis (1152.14). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1152.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rushita Bagchi
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Nina Aroutiounova
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUnited States
| | - Michael Czubryt
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
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Roche P, Bagchi R, Aroutiounova N, Czubryt M. Scleraxis over‐expression promotes the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype (1152.13). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1152.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Roche
- Physiology and Pathophysiology University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Rushita Bagchi
- Physiology and Pathophysiology University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | | | - Michael Czubryt
- Physiology and Pathophysiology University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
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Bagchi R, Roche P, Aroutiounova N, Schweitzer R, Czubryt M. Regulation of cardiac fibroblast population and cell fate by Scleraxis (15.2). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.15.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rushita Bagchi
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Nina Aroutiounova
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUnited States
| | - Michael Czubryt
- Department of Physiology Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesWinnipegMBCanada
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Roche P, Czubryt MP. Transcriptional control of collagen I gene expression. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2014; 14:107-120. [PMID: 24801728 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x14666140505122510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is the pathological remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to stresses such as pressure overload or injury. While initially adaptive, myocardial remodeling and subsequent fibrosis causes increased wall stiffness, arrhythmias, cardiac dysfunction, and eventually heart failure. Though the disease processes and origins may differ, excess deposition of fibrillar collagens type I and III characterizes fibrosis in the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and skin. Under normal physiological conditions, high tensile strength collagen fibers maintain cardiac structural integrity, connect individual cardiomyocytes, transmit contractile force, and resist deformation and rupture of the ventricle during systole. Various factors contribute to the development of fibrosis by altering expression of ECM genes, including increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, alterations in the levels of circulating hormones, and mechanical strain resulting from ECM degradation. This review focuses on the transcriptional mechanisms governing expression of the major cardiac collagen, type I. Key cis- and trans-acting regulators of collagen I gene expression are discussed. Surprisingly, relatively few transcriptional regulators of collagen synthesis have been identified specifically in cardiac fibroblasts. However, key players have been identified in other tissue and cell types, and are important to consider in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning collagen gene expression in the heart in both health and disease.
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Bagchi R, Roche P, Schweitzer R, Czubryt M. Identification of novel scleraxis gene targets in cardiac myofibroblasts. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1129.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rushita Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Patricia Roche
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOR
| | - Michael Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada
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Petković I, Williams FIB, Bennaceur K, Portier F, Roche P, Glattli DC. Carrier drift velocity and edge magnetoplasmons in graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:016801. [PMID: 23383820 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.016801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate electron dynamics at the graphene edge by studying the propagation of collective edge magnetoplasmon excitations. By timing the travel of narrow wave packets on picosecond time scales around exfoliated samples, we find chiral propagation with low attenuation at a velocity that is quantized on Hall plateaus. We extract the carrier drift contribution from the edge magnetoplasmon propagation and find it to be slightly less than the Fermi velocity, as expected for an abrupt edge. We also extract the characteristic length for Coulomb interaction at the edge and find it to be smaller than that for soft depletion-edge systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Petković
- Service de Physique de l'État Condensé, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Derrouiche S, Bourdin D, Roche P, Houssais B, Machinal C, Coste M, Restivo J, Orfão JJM, Pereira MFR, Marco Y, Garcia-Bordeje E. Process design for wastewater treatment: catalytic ozonation of organic pollutants. Water Sci Technol 2013; 68:1377-1383. [PMID: 24056437 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Emerging micropollutants have been recently the target of interest for their potential harmful effects in the environment and their resistance to conventional water treatments. Catalytic ozonation is an advanced oxidation process consisting of the formation of highly reactive radicals from the decomposition of ozone promoted by a catalyst. Nanocarbon materials have been shown to be effective catalysts for this process, either in powder form or grown on the surface of a monolithic structure. In this work, carbon nanofibers grown on the surface of a cordierite honeycomb monolith are tested as catalyst for the ozonation of five selected micropollutants: atrazine (ATZ), bezafibrate, erythromycin, metolachlor, and nonylphenol. The process is tested both in laboratorial and real conditions. Later on, ATZ was selected as a target pollutant to further investigate the role of the catalytic material. It is shown that the inclusion of a catalyst improves the mineralization degree compared to single ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Derrouiche
- Veolia Environnement Recherche et Innovation, Centre de Recherche de Maisons Laffitte, Chemin de la digue - B.P. 76, 78603 Maisons Laffitte Cedex, France E-mail:
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Barlier A, Graillon T, Defilles C, Mohamed A, Saveanu A, Figarella-Branger D, Chinot O, Roche P, Enjalbert A, Dufour H. Strong Additive Effect of Everolimus and Octreotide or Pasireotide on Meningioma Cells in Vitro: A New Therapeutic Strategy for These Tumors. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Huynh PA, Portier F, le Sueur H, Faini G, Gennser U, Mailly D, Pierre F, Wegscheider W, Roche P. Quantum coherence engineering in the integer quantum Hall regime. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:256802. [PMID: 23004631 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.256802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present an experiment where the quantum coherence in the edge states of the integer quantum Hall regime is tuned with a decoupling gate. The coherence length is determined by measuring the visibility of quantum interferences in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer as a function of temperature, in the quantum Hall regime at a filling factor 2. The temperature dependence of the coherence length can be varied by a factor of 2. The strengthening of the phase coherence at finite temperature is shown to arise from a reduction of the coupling between copropagating edge states. This opens the way for a strong improvement of the phase coherence of quantum Hall systems. The decoupling gate also allows us to investigate how interedge state coupling influences the quantum interferences' dependence on the injection bias. We find that the finite bias visibility can be decomposed into two contributions: a Gaussian envelope which is surprisingly insensitive to the coupling, and a beating component which, on the contrary, is strongly affected by the coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- P-A Huynh
- CEA, SPEC, Nanoelectronics Group, URA 2464, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Hofheinz M, Portier F, Baudouin Q, Joyez P, Vion D, Bertet P, Roche P, Esteve D. Bright side of the Coulomb blockade. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:217005. [PMID: 21699333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.217005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We explore the photonic (bright) side of the dynamical Coulomb blockade (DCB) by measuring the radiation emitted by a dc voltage-biased Josephson junction embedded in a microwave resonator. In this regime Cooper pair tunneling is inelastic and associated with the transfer of an energy 2eV into the resonator modes. We have measured simultaneously the Cooper pair current and the photon emission rate at the resonance frequency of the resonator. Our results show two regimes, in which each tunneling Cooper pair emits either one or two photons into the resonator. The spectral properties of the emitted radiation are accounted for by an extension to DCB theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hofheinz
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé (CNRS URA 2464), IRAMIS, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
This paper analyzes court rulings on tissue samples as property and critiques objections that have been raised to the recognition of DNA samples as personal property. The cases are: Moore v. Regents of the University of California (1988, 1990), Greenberg v. Miami Children's Research Institute (2003), and Washington University v. Catalona (2007). The paper argues that it is possible for the law to support both individual privacy and property rights in DNA, recognizing nevertheless that some unresolved questions remain, including what exercising those rights means on a practical level. Finally, it offers suggestions for changes in law based on those considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Roche
- Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Talbot Building, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Roche P, Coolahan I, Glynn F, Mc Conn WR. Autologous bone pate in middle ear and mastoid reconstruction. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 2011; 132:193-196. [PMID: 22908539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review outcomes of middle ear and mastoid surgery where autologous bone pate was used. DESIGN Retrospective review of 42 consecutive patients who underwent middle ear and mastoid reconstruction using autologous bone pate by the senior author over a three year period. PARTICIPANTS Patients underwent surgery for a spectrum of disease from chronic suppurative otitis media, to extensive cholesteatoma with intracranial abscess formation. RESULTS Autologous bone pate was used in conjunction with an anteriorly based musculo-fascial flap via a layered technique using tragal cartilage and temporalis fascia, to obliterate cavities in all patients. To date, there has been no evidence of recurrence or otorrhea in the cohort. Shallow retraction has been observed in 6.8%. CONCLUSION We advocate that bone pate, when used in conjunction with a middle temporal artery flap and layers of tragal cartilage and fascia, is a safe, effective treatment for problematic middle ear disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roche
- Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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De La Rosa S, Beltramone M, Bouvier C, Lubrano V, Roche P. Papillomes des plexus choroïde impliquant la citerne cérébello-médullaire : formes topographiques et implications chirurgicales. Neurochirurgie 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2010.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Graillon T, Defilles C, Saveanu A, Germanetti AL, Roche P, Dufour H, Barlier A. Effet de l’octréotide et du SOM 230 sur la viabilité cellulaire de méningiomes in vitro. Neurochirurgie 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2010.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Roche
- a Laboratoire d'Optique, Centre d'Etude des Couches Minces, Université d'Aix Marseille, St Jérôme, 13 Marseille 13 ème, France
| | - L. Bertrand
- a Laboratoire d'Optique, Centre d'Etude des Couches Minces, Université d'Aix Marseille, St Jérôme, 13 Marseille 13 ème, France
| | - E. Pelletier
- a Laboratoire d'Optique, Centre d'Etude des Couches Minces, Université d'Aix Marseille, St Jérôme, 13 Marseille 13 ème, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard H Glantz
- Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118 USA.
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Zakka-Bajjani E, Dufouleur J, Coulombel N, Roche P, Glattli DC, Portier F. Experimental determination of the statistics of photons emitted by a tunnel junction. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:206802. [PMID: 20867050 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.206802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on an Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment probing the statistics of microwave photons emitted by a tunnel junction in the shot-noise regime at low temperature. By measuring the cross correlation of the fluctuations of the occupation numbers of the photon modes of both detection branches, we show that while the statistics of electrons is Poissonian, the photons obey chaotic statistics. This is observed even for low photon occupation number when the voltage across the junction is close to hν/e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zakka-Bajjani
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé/IRAMIS/DSM (CNRS URA 2464), CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Rivoal A, Fernandez C, Lavoir AV, Olivier R, Lecareux C, Greff S, Roche P, Vila B. Environmental control of terpene emissions from Cistus monspeliensis L. in natural Mediterranean shrublands. Chemosphere 2010; 78:942-9. [PMID: 20092868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The large amount of volatile organic compound (VOC) emitted by vegetation modifies air quality contributing to both tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosol production. A better understanding of the factors controlling VOC emissions by vegetation is mandatory in order to improve emission estimates derived from tropospheric chemistry models. Although the Mediterranean shrublands are particularly abundant and rich in emitting species, their emission potential is poorly known. Focusing on a VOC-emitting shrub species widespread in the Mediterranean area (Cistus monspeliensis L.), we measured and analysed its emissions of terpenes taking into account the age of individuals, the season of sampling and the soil type. Sampling was done under natural environmental conditions. Species of the genus Cistus are frequently reported to be storing species, although we found only one stored monoterpene and three sesquiterpenes in very low amount. Major emitted compounds were alpha-pinene and beta-myrcene. Total terpene emissions were not influenced by plant age but emission of some individual terpenes was positively correlated with age. A strong seasonal effect was evidenced. A larger amount of terpenes was emitted during spring and summer than during fall and winter. Summer emission rates were nearly 70 times higher than winter emission rates. Total and individual terpene emissions were influenced by soil type; emissions on siliceous substrate were ca. seven times higher than those on calcareous substrate. In conclusion, it appears clearly that environmental factors such as soil nature and season should be taken into account in order to achieve improved modelling of terpene emissions by shrub species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rivoal
- Aix-Marseille Université - Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP UMR CNRS 6116), Equipe Diversité Fonctionnelle des Communautés Végétales, Centre St. Charles, Case 4, 13331 Marseille Cedex 03, France
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Herrmann LG, Portier F, Roche P, Yeyati AL, Kontos T, Strunk C. Carbon nanotubes as cooper-pair beam splitters. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:026801. [PMID: 20366615 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.026801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report on conductance measurements in carbon nanotube based double quantum dots connected to two normal electrodes and a central superconducting finger. By operating our devices as beam splitters, we provide evidence for crossed Andreev reflections tunable in situ. This opens an avenue to more sophisticated quantum opticslike experiments with spin entangled electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Herrmann
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, 24, rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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McElhinny A, Ranger-Moore J, Loftin I, Wang L, Loftus M, Tubbs R, Grogan T, Roche P. PP44 Development of a quantitative scoring algorithm for a Dual-Hapten, Dual-Color ISH assay (DDISH) to determine HER2 gene status. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)72188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Tubbs R, Loftin I, Wang L, Miller R, Sugarman M, Loftus M, Pettay J, Ranger-Moore J, McElhinny A, Roche P. PP45 Analytical performance of a novel dual color dual hapten brightfield genotypic assay for determination of HER2 status in breast carcinoma (DDISH). EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)72216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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49
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Roulleau P, Portier F, Roche P, Cavanna A, Faini G, Gennser U, Mailly D. Tuning decoherence with a voltage probe. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:236802. [PMID: 19658956 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.236802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present an experiment where we tune the decoherence in a quantum interferometer using one of the simplest objects available in the physics of quantum conductors: an Ohmic contact. For that purpose, we designed an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer which has one of its two arms connected to an Ohmic contact through a quantum point contact. At low temperature, we observe quantum interference patterns with a visibility up to 57%. Increasing the connection between one arm of the interferometer to the floating Ohmic contact, the voltage probe, reduces quantum interference as it probes the electron trajectory. This unique experimental realization of a voltage probe works as a trivial which-path detector whose efficiency can be simply tuned by a gate voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roulleau
- Nanoelectronic group, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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Roulleau P, Portier F, Roche P, Cavanna A, Faini G, Gennser U, Mailly D. Noise dephasing in edge states of the integer quantum Hall regime. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:186803. [PMID: 18999848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.186803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used in the integer quantum Hall regime at a filling factor 2 to study the dephasing of the interferences. This is found to be induced by the electrical noise existing in the edge states capacitively coupled to each other. Electrical shot noise created in one channel leads to phase randomization in the other, which destroys the interference pattern. These findings are extended to the dephasing induced by thermal noise instead of shot noise: it explains the underlying mechanism responsible for the finite temperature coherence time tau_{phi}(T) of the edge states at filling factor 2, measured in a recent experiment. Finally, we present here a theory of the dephasing based on Gaussian noise, which is found to be in excellent agreement with our experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roulleau
- CEA Saclay, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, Nanoelectronic Group, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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