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Yovchev I, Maayan C, Simanovsky N, Foldes AJ, Brooks R, Kaplan L, Meiner Z, Cheishvili D. The Relationship Between Scoliosis, Spinal Bone Density, and Truncal Muscle Strength in Familial Dysautonomia Patients. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:222-227. [PMID: 38030713 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This combined retrospective and prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between scoliosis, spinal bone mineral density (BMD), and truncal muscle strength in patients with familial dysautonomia (FD). A total of 79 FD patients (40 male, 39 female) aged 5-44 years were included. The severity of scoliosis, lumbar spine BMD (Z-score), and truncal muscle strength were assessed. Correlations were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Inverse correlations were observed between scoliosis severity and BMD (r = - 0.328, p = 0.001), as indicated by increasingly negative Z-score values with worsening osteoporosis. There were also inverse correlations between scoliosis and truncal muscle strength (r = - 0.595, p < 0.001). The correlation between scoliosis and age was notable up to 22 years (r = 0.421, p = 0.01), but not in the older age group (22-44 years). Our study identified inverse correlations between osteoporosis and scoliosis, as well as between scoliosis and truncal muscle strength, in FD patients. These findings suggest that there may be a relationship between bone density, muscle strength, and the severity of spinal curvature in this population. While our results highlight the potential importance of early diagnosis and management of osteoporosis, and possibly the benefits of physical therapy to strengthen truncal muscles, further research is needed to determine the direct impact of these interventions on preventing the progression of scoliosis and its associated complications in FD patients. A long-term longitudinal study could provide more insights into these relationships and inform treatment strategies for FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yovchev
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ch Maayan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N Simanovsky
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A J Foldes
- Osteoporosis Center, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Kaplan
- Osteoporosis Center, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Z Meiner
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D Cheishvili
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- HKG Epitherapeutics, Unit 313-315, 3/F Biotech Center 2, 11 Science Park West Avenue, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Brooks R, Weiss S, Steigelman D. EFFECT OF OMALIZUMAB ON VENOM SPECIFIC IGE AND VENOM SKIN TESTING. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Brooks R, Coop C. M005 A CASE OF TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE INDUCED ASEPTIC MENINGITIS MASQUERADING AS SEPTIC SHOCK. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Knight MT, Newman MC, Benzinger MJ, Agin JR, Ash M, Sims P, Hughes D, Arling V, Brock G, Bronstein A, Brooks R, Bucknavage M, Cirigliano M, Coles C, Farber J, Fisher B, George N, Heisick J, lannucci M, Koeritzer B, Lovett S, Mays J, McNally S, Menning C, Nelson T, Neufang K, Neuman S, O’Brien J, Rude R, Rudowski J, Singleton E, Sirivicha S, Turner S, VanderMeer J, Warburton D, Young S. TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA) for Detection of Listeria in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.5.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study involving 26 laboratories and 5 food types was performed to compare the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA) with standard culture methods. Three foods (lettuce, ice cream, and fish fillets), under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and 2 foods (cooked chicken and cooked ground turkey), under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, were used to determine the effectiveness of the TLVIA. Of the 900 samples tested, 300 were inoculated with low levels (1-5 cells/25 g) of Listeria spp. and 300 were inoculated with high levels of Listeria spp. (10-50 cells/25 g). Method agreement between the conventional culture methods and TLVIA (visual) was 94.7%. Method agreement between the conventional culture methods and TLVIA (reader) was 93.6%. The colorimetric polyclonal enzyme immunoassay (TLVIA) for detection of Listeria in foods has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James R Agin
- Q Laboratories, Inc., 2014 Harrison Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45214
| | - Megan Ash
- Bioenterprises Pty Ltd, 28 Barcoo St, Roseville, NSW, Australia 2069
| | - Paul Sims
- Bioenterprises Pty Ltd, 28 Barcoo St, Roseville, NSW, Australia 2069
| | - Denise Hughes
- Bioenterprises Pty Ltd, 28 Barcoo St, Roseville, NSW, Australia 2069
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Pearson RA, Brooks R, Driver S, Frew JA, Pedley ID, Pilling K, Richmond N, Walker C, West S, Wilkinson M, Wyatt J, McCallum H. Magnetic Resonance-only Workflow: Implementation in a UK Centre. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019; 32:278. [PMID: 31786082 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R A Pearson
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - R Brooks
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Driver
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J A Frew
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - I D Pedley
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K Pilling
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - N Richmond
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C Walker
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S West
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Wilkinson
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Wyatt
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - H McCallum
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Carver C, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Albert A, Andaloro B, Anderson G, Beacorn F, Brooks R, Carson M, Crossfield D, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frantzeskakis C, Gasses T, Gatesy T, Hall G, Hanson P, Heddaeus K, Hermann K, Hutchins J, Jenkins J, Johnson F, Johnson J, Kawalek M, Kelly L, Koschmann C, Lannon P, Lester D, Manner K, Martin J, Maselli M, McGovern B, Mohnke F, Moon B, Murray L, Pace R, Richards J, Robeson S, Rodgers D, Rosario G, Saunders C, Shaw C, Dana Shell J, Sloan E, Thompson S, Vialpando M, Voermans R, Watts K, Wieczorek K, Wilson K, Yeh H, Zamora D. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® System to the standard cultural methods for detection of Salmonella in selected foods. Five food types—frankfurters, raw ground beef, mozzarella cheese, raw frozen tilapia fish, and orange juice—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A sixth food type, raw ground chicken, was tested using 3 naturally contaminated lots. A total of 16 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1386 samples were analyzed, of which 1188 were paired samples and 198 were unpaired samples. Of the 1188 paired samples, 461 were positive by both methods and 404 were negative by both methods. Thirty-seven samples were positive by the BAX System but negative by the standard reference method, and 11 samples were positive by standard cultural method and negative by the BAX System. Of the 198 unpaired samples, 106 were positive by the BAX System and 60 were positive by the standard cultural method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, the BAX System demonstrated results comparable to those of the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Carver
- rtech laboratories, PO Box 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101
| | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
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Hughes D, Dailianis AE, Hill L, Curiale MS, Gangar V, Arnold D, Barrat C, Baxter T, Bell J, Brooks R, Bryant D, Burke K, Burnie A, Cliffard D, Danisavich T, Daniels K, Deiss K, D’Onorio A, Faucher K, Finkenbiner D, Gasanov U, Gebler J, Gerry A, Graham D, Graham T, Harris P, Hetrick S, Jurgens J, Keating KJ, Klokman R, Le C, Matrozza M, McCarthy R, McCawley C, Munyard S, Pye V, Rajkowski K, Ristov K, Rosinko J, Schneider K, Schubert MJ, Sloan E, Souter, Wilson M, Zuroski K. Salmonella in Foods: New Enrichment Procedure for TECRA Salmonella Visual Immunoassay Using a Single RV(R10) Only, TT Only, or Dual RV(R10) and TT Selective Enrichment Broths (AOAC Official Method 998.09): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.4.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to compare a new enrichment procedure for the TECRA® Salmonella Visual Immunoassay (TSVIA) with the reference method given in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (7th Ed.). Three food types (milk powder, pepper, and soy flour) were analyzed in Australia and 3 food types (milk chocolate, dried egg, and raw turkey) were analyzed in the United States. Thirty-eight collaborators participated in the study. The TECRA method was evaluated using both Rappaport-Vassiliadis R10 (RV(R10)) and tetrathionate (TT) broths for selective enrichment. M broth cultures arising from each of the 2 selective enrichment broths were tested in the TSVIA using 2 individual wells, one for each selective broth, and a single well to test the pooled selective enrichment broths. The results for the pooled enrichment broths were reported elsewhere. This study presents the results for the use of single enrichment broths, i.e., RV(R10) only or TT only, with the TSVIA. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for the pairwise comparison of the proportion of positive samples for either RV(R10) or TT used as a single enrichment broth for the TSVIA with that for the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela E Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Hill
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Michael S Curiale
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Research Services, Halsted St, Chicago Heights, IL 60430
| | - Vidhya Gangar
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Research Services, Halsted St, Chicago Heights, IL 60430
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8
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Hughes D, Dailianis A, Duncan L, Briggs J, McKintyre DA, Silbernagel K, Anderson G, Anderson J, Bannach B, Barratt C, Booyens C, Briggs J, Brooks R, Bryant D, Burnie A, Carver C, Chambers D, Chong J, Clarke D, Coates E, Comontofski G, Deiss K, Destro C, Dillon J, Duncan L, Dundas M, Dymond N, Dziedziczak D, Eglezos S, Gasanov U, Gebler J, Graham T, Haley E, Johnson L, Kurien S, Maczuga J, Matera J, Matthew K, Munyard S, Ramine A, Reed J, Remes A, Subasinghe N, Tan A, Tan J, Tatum M, Taylor M, Torrance H, Twohy C, Vialpando M, Watts K. Modification of Enrichment Protocols for TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay Method 995.22: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.2.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to validate new enrichment methods for the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA). These new methods incorporate a newly formulated medium, TECRA Listeria Enrichment Broth, which does not contain the highly toxic antifungal agent, cycloheximide. The new procedures will provide an alternative to the enrichment procedures described in AOAC Method 995.22. Three food types (raw ground beef, lettuce, and ice cream) were analyzed in the United States, and 2 food types (cooked turkey and cooked fish fillets) were analyzed in Australasia. Thirty collaborators participated in the study, 16 in Australasia and 14 in the United States. With the exception of one batch of ground beef, comparison of the proportion of positive test portions (p ≥ 0.05) showed no significant difference between the TLVIA and the reference method for the 5 foods at 3 inoculation levels. For the one batch of naturally contaminated raw ground beef, the TLVIA gave significantly more confirmed positive results than the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Duncan
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Julie Briggs
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | | | - Karen Silbernagel
- rtech laboratories, Lexington Ave, N. Arden Hills, Minneapolis, MN 55126
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9
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Hughes D, Dailianis AE, Hill L, McIntyre DA, Anderson A, Anderson A, Barrat C, Battista K, Beatty S, Blanch T, Briones D, Brooks R, Brown J, Burnie A, Clark T, Dailianis A, Destro C, Dijs B, Dombroski P, Fyfe R, Gebler J, Gerry A, Graham T, Hadjimichael D, Heaton S, Hetrick S, High E, Hill L, Hirt B, Hulett B, Hussain Z, Kalinowski R, Kerr D, Matouchi N, Maycock L, Munyard S, Murphy M, Remes A, Ristov K, Robbins R, Rodriquez R, Shebuski J, Simes V, Smith K, Vanderpoel S, Wang D. TECRA® Unique™ Test for Rapid Detection of Salmonella in Food: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.2.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The TECRA® Unique™ Salmonella test uses the principle of immunoenrichment to allow rapid detection of Salmonellae in food. A collaborative study was conducted to compare the TECRA Salmonella Unique test with the reference culture method given in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual. Three food types (milk powder, pepper, and soy flour) were analyzed in Australia and 2 food types (milk chocolate and dried egg) were analyzed in the United States. Forty-one collaborators participated in the study. For each of the 5 foods at each of the 3 levels, a comparison showed no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in the proportion of positive test samples for Unique and that for the reference method using the Chi-square test for independence with continuity correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French's Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela E Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French's Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Hill
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French's Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Deborah A McIntyre
- R-TECH Laboratories, Lexington Ave, N. Arden Hills, Minneapolis, MN 55126
| | - Aimee Anderson
- R-TECH Laboratories, Lexington Ave, N. Arden Hills, Minneapolis, MN 55126
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Jolly P, Padilla LA, Ahmed C, Harris C, Mthethwa N, Jha M, Ba I, Styles A, Hope SP, Brooks R, Naluyinda-Kitabire F, Mamba M, Preko P. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy initiation for HIV-positive children aged 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res 2019; 17:193-202. [PMID: 30003844 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although early antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces HIV-related mortality in children by up to 75%, almost half of HIV-positive children younger than 1 year old in Swaziland do not initiate ART. This study was conducted to identify barriers to early ART initiation among HIV-positive infants. This was a case-control study among HIV-positive infants, aged 2 to 18 months, who either did not initiate ART (cases), or initiated ART (controls), during 18 months after testing. Multivariable logistic regression showed that infants who visited the clinic every month, or every 2 months, were 5.78 and 6.20 times more likely to initiate ART than those who visited less often (OR 5.78, 95% CI 1.82-18.33 and OR 6.20, 95% CI 1.30-29.60 respectively). Children who lived ≤30 and 31-60 minutes from the nearest clinic were 84% and 79% less likely respectively to initiate ART (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.78 and OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.04-0.98) compared with those who lived more than 60 minutes away. Children who received immunisation after 6 months were 22.59 times more likely to initiate ART (OR 22.59, 95% CI 7.00-21.72) than those who did not. Infants of caregivers who had excellent or good relationships with their healthcare provider were 4.32 times more likely to initiate ART (OR 4.32, 95% CI 1.01-18.59) than those of caregivers who had average or poor relationships with healthcare providers. The significant predictors of ART initiation identified in this study should be regarded as priority areas for intervention among HIV-positive women in Swaziland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jolly
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Luz A Padilla
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Charisse Ahmed
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Chantal Harris
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Nobuhle Mthethwa
- b Swaziland National AIDS Programme, National Pediatric HIV Care & Treatment Office , Mbabane , Swaziland
| | - Megha Jha
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Inessa Ba
- c Clinton Health Access Initiative , Mbabane , Swaziland
| | - Amy Styles
- d Eureka Idea Company , Perth , Australia
| | - Sarah P Hope
- e Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative , Mbabane , Swaziland
| | - Raina Brooks
- a University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | | | - Makhosini Mamba
- f United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) , Mbabane , Swaziland
| | - Peter Preko
- g President Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) , Mbabane , Swaziland
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Finkelstein A, Bachner YG, Greenberger C, Brooks R, Tenenbaum A. Correlates of burnout among professionals working with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res 2018; 62:864-874. [PMID: 30141530 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although burnout has been recognised as an important stress-related problem among staff working with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), literature on the subject is limited yet emerging. The aim of this study is twofold: (1) to evaluate the level of burnout within different professions working with IDD; (2) to examine the association between socio-demographic, professional and organisational characteristics and burnout. METHOD One hundred ninety-nine professionals working with people with IDD were enrolled in the study (66% response rate). Participants were recruited from several facilities that provide care for people with IDD of all ages, in the Jerusalem area and in other cities in central Israel. The anonymous questionnaires included valid and reliable measures of burnout, socio-demographic variables, professional variables and organisational variables. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 38.3 years, and most were women. There were no significant differences in burnout levels among the different professionals. Role ambiguity, perceived overload, care-recipient group and job involvement were significant predictors of burnout. The model explained a high percentage (46.8%) of the observed variance. CONCLUSIONS Most of these predictors are organisational measures. These findings demonstrate that organisational variables are more significantly associated with burnout of staff working with people with IDD than the socio-demographic factors or professional characteristics. Identifying and better understanding the specific factors associated with burnout among professionals working with IDD could facilitate unique intervention programs to reduce burnout levels in staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Finkelstein
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y G Bachner
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - C Greenberger
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Tenenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, Jha M, Ba I, Styles A, Perry S, Brooks R, Naluyinda-Kitabire F, Preko P. A qualitative analysis of the barriers to antiretroviral therapy initiation among children 2 to 18 months of age in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res 2017; 16:321-328. [PMID: 29132287 PMCID: PMC6186391 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2017.1380677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HIV/AIDS remains one of the leading causes of death among children under 5 years old in Swaziland. Although studies have shown that early initiation of infants and children diagnosed with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces mortality, many children do not initiate ART until the later stages of disease. This study was designed to collect qualitative data from mothers and caregivers of HIV-positive children to identify the barriers to ART initiation. Focus group discussion (FGD) sessions were conducted in siSwati between July and September 2014 among caregivers of aged children 2-18 months in Swaziland who did or did not initiate ART between January 2011 and December 2012 after HIV DNA PCR-positive diagnosis of the infants. Denial, guilt, lack of knowledge, tuberculosis (TB)/HIV co-infection, HIV-related stigma, lack of money, and distance to clinics were reported by the participants as barriers to ART initiation. The findings further revealed that non-initiation on ART was not linked to a negative perception of the treatment. Findings suggest a need to improve sensitivity among healthcare workers as well as education and counselling services that will facilitate the ART initiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luz Padilla
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Epidemiology
| | - Musa Malinga
- Lusweti Institute for Health Development Communication, Swaziland
| | | | | | - Megha Jha
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Epidemiology
| | | | | | - Sarah Perry
- Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative
| | - Raina Brooks
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Epidemiology
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13
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Chen SC, Brooks R, Houskeeper J, Bremner SK, Dunlop J, Viollet B, Logan PJ, Salt IP, Ahmed SF, Yarwood SJ. Corrigendum to "Metformin suppresses adipogenesis through both AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent mechanisms" [Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 440 15 January 2017 57-68]. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:176. [PMID: 28183460 PMCID: PMC6854454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Chen
- The Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - R Brooks
- The Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - J Houskeeper
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University Avenue, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - S K Bremner
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University Avenue, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - J Dunlop
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University Avenue, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - B Viollet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - P J Logan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University Avenue, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - I P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University Avenue, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - S F Ahmed
- The Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - S J Yarwood
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Edinburgh Campus, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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McAnuff J, Brooks R, Duff C, Quinn M, Marshall J, Kolehmainen N. Improving participation outcomes and interventions in neurodisability: co-designing future research. Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:298-306. [PMID: 27766678 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent, agreed need to improve participation outcomes and interventions for children and young people with neurodisability. We worked together with service users and providers to design research into participation outcomes and interventions in neurodisability. We built on existing evidence about participation outcomes and interventions and the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. We: (1) specified seven participation outcome categories for measurement; (2) prioritized these for improvement: self-care, friends and social, and physical activity ranked the highest; (3) identified 11 potential intervention categories for targeting the top priority, self-care, through eight hypothesized change mechanisms and agreed for the interventions to be delivered as a 'Menu of Interventions' for personalized self-care support; and (4) designed a before-and-after mixed methods feasibility study to evaluate the Menu with children and young people (0-12 years) and their parents and therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McAnuff
- Institite of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - R Brooks
- Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - C Duff
- Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - M Quinn
- Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Marshall
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - N Kolehmainen
- Institite of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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15
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Jolly PE, Mthethwa-Hleta S, Padilla LA, Pettis J, Winston S, Akinyemiju TF, Turner HJ, Ejiawoko A, Brooks R, Preko L, Preko PO. Screening, prevalence, and risk factors for cervical lesions among HIV positive and HIV negative women in Swaziland. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:218. [PMID: 28222714 PMCID: PMC5320649 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical Cancer (CC) is the number one cancer among women in sub-Saharan Africa. Although CC is preventable, most women in developing countries do not have access to screening. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for cervical lesions using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) among 112 HIV positive and 161 negative women aged 18–69 years. Results The presence of cervical lesions was greater among HIV positive (22.9%) than HIV negative women (5.7%; p < 0.0001). In logistic models, the risk of cervical lesions among HIV positive women was 5.24 times higher when adjusted by age (OR 5.24, CI 2.31–11.88), and 4.06 times higher in a full model (OR 4.06, CI 1.61–10.25), than among HIV negative women. In the age-adjusted model women who had ≥2 lifetime sexual partners were 3 times more likely (OR 3.00, CI 1.02–8.85) to have cervical lesions compared to women with one lifetime partner and the odds of cervical lesions among women with a history of STIs were 2.16 greater (OR 2.16, CI 1.04–4.50) than among women with no previous STI. In the fully adjusted model women who had a previous cervical exam were 2.5 times more likely (OR 2.53, CI 1.06–6.05) to have cervical lesions than women who had not. Conclusions The high prevalence of HIV infection and the strong association between HIV and cervical lesions highlight the need for substantial scale-up of cervical screening to decrease the rate of CC in Swaziland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline E Jolly
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA.
| | - Simangele Mthethwa-Hleta
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2nd Floor Ministry of Justice & Constitutional Affairs Building, Mhalambanyatsi Road, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - Luz A Padilla
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Jessica Pettis
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - ShaCoria Winston
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Tomi F Akinyemiju
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Hannah J Turner
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Amarachi Ejiawoko
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Raina Brooks
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ryals Public Health Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - Lena Preko
- Swaziland Breast and Cervical Cancer Network (SBCN), Stall A31 Printpak Building, Industrial Site, Sheffield Road, Mbabane, Swaziland
| | - Peter O Preko
- Care and Treatment Lead for the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Jubela Street, Kent Rock, Mbabane, Swaziland
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16
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Itkin T, Kumari A, Schneider E, Gur-Cohen S, Ludwig C, Brooks R, Kollet O, Golan K, Khatib-Massalha E, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Rouhi A, Geiger H, Hornstein E, Kerr WG, Kuchenbauer F, Lapidot T. MicroRNA-155 promotes G-CSF-induced mobilization of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells via propagation of CXCL12 signaling. Leukemia 2017; 31:1247-1250. [PMID: 28174416 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Itkin
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Kumari
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C Ludwig
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - R Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - O Kollet
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - K Golan
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Khatib-Massalha
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C M Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - J D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - A Rouhi
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - H Geiger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Aging Research Center, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - E Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - W G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - F Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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17
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R.A. Yeary
- School of Aviation Medicine, Brooks AFB, Texas
| | - R. Brooks
- School of Aviation Medicine, Brooks AFB, Texas
| | - N.O. Harris
- School of Aviation Medicine, Brooks AFB, Texas
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18
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Isaacs KK, Goldsmith MR, Egeghy P, Phillips K, Brooks R, Hong T, Wambaugh JF. Characterization and prediction of chemical functions and weight fractions in consumer products. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:723-732. [PMID: 28959598 PMCID: PMC5616074 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing exposures from the thousands of chemicals in commerce requires quantitative information on the chemical constituents of consumer products. Unfortunately, gaps in available composition data prevent assessment of exposure to chemicals in many products. Here we propose filling these gaps via consideration of chemical functional role. We obtained function information for thousands of chemicals from public sources and used a clustering algorithm to assign chemicals into 35 harmonized function categories (e.g., plasticizers, antimicrobials, solvents). We combined these functions with weight fraction data for 4115 personal care products (PCPs) to characterize the composition of 66 different product categories (e.g., shampoos). We analyzed the combined weight fraction/function dataset using machine learning techniques to develop quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) classifier models for 22 functions and for weight fraction, based on chemical-specific descriptors (including chemical properties). We applied these classifier models to a library of 10196 data-poor chemicals. Our predictions of chemical function and composition will inform exposure-based screening of chemicals in PCPs for combination with hazard data in risk-based evaluation frameworks. As new information becomes available, this approach can be applied to other classes of products and the chemicals they contain in order to provide essential consumer product data for use in exposure-based chemical prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin K. Isaacs
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Michael-Rock Goldsmith
- Chemical Computing Group, Suite 910, 1010 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 2R7, Canada
| | - Peter Egeghy
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Katherine Phillips
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Raina Brooks
- Student Services Contractor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Tao Hong
- ICF International, 2635 Meridian Pkwy #200, Durham, NC 27713, United States
| | - John F. Wambaugh
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Computational Toxicology, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
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Shamriz O, Wolf DG, Bennett-Back O, Brooks R, Kleid DM, Hashavya S. Letters. Isr Med Assoc J 2016; 18:506. [PMID: 28471592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Shamriz
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D G Wolf
- Department of Clinical Virology Unit, Department of Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Bennett-Back
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D M Kleid
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Hashavya
- Department of Pediatric Emergency, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Sharp P, Barber DC, Brown DG, Burgess AE, Metz CE, Myers KJ, Taylor CJ, Wagner RF, Brooks R, Hill CR, Kuhl DE, Smith MA, Wells P, Worthington B. 4. Quality of the Observed Image. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/jicru/os28.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Sharp P, Barber DC, Brown DG, Burgess AE, Metz CE, Myers KJ, Taylor CJ, Wagner RF, Brooks R, Hill CR, Kuhl DE, Smith MA, Wells P, Worthington B. Report 54. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/jicru/os28.1.report54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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22
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Rochon P, Brooks R, Lind K, Durham J, Forman L, Gipson M, Trivedi P, Smith M, Kondo K, Johnson D, Ghatan C, Rajebi M, Ryu R. Survival benefit of Budd-Chiari patients who undergo TIPS as a bridge to transplant: a single center experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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23
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Phillips MB, Leonard JA, Grulke CM, Chang DT, Edwards SW, Brooks R, Goldsmith MR, El-Masri H, Tan YM. A Workflow to Investigate Exposure and Pharmacokinetic Influences on High-Throughput in Vitro Chemical Screening Based on Adverse Outcome Pathways. Environ Health Perspect 2016; 124:53-60. [PMID: 25978103 PMCID: PMC4710605 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) link adverse effects in individuals or populations to a molecular initiating event (MIE) that can be quantified using in vitro methods. Practical application of AOPs in chemical-specific risk assessment requires incorporation of knowledge on exposure, along with absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties of chemicals. OBJECTIVES We developed a conceptual workflow to examine exposure and ADME properties in relation to an MIE. The utility of this workflow was evaluated using a previously established AOP, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. METHODS Thirty chemicals found to inhibit human AChE in the ToxCast™ assay were examined with respect to their exposure, absorption potential, and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Structures of active chemicals were compared against structures of 1,029 inactive chemicals to detect possible parent compounds that might have active metabolites. RESULTS Application of the workflow screened 10 "low-priority" chemicals of 30 active chemicals. Fifty-two of the 1,029 inactive chemicals exhibited a similarity threshold of ≥ 75% with their nearest active neighbors. Of these 52 compounds, 30 were excluded due to poor absorption or distribution. The remaining 22 compounds may inhibit AChE in vivo either directly or as a result of metabolic activation. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of exposure and ADME properties into the conceptual workflow eliminated 10 "low-priority" chemicals that may otherwise have undergone additional, resource-consuming analyses. Our workflow also increased confidence in interpretation of in vitro results by identifying possible "false negatives." CITATION Phillips MB, Leonard JA, Grulke CM, Chang DT, Edwards SW, Brooks R, Goldsmith MR, El-Masri H, Tan YM. 2016. A workflow to investigate exposure and pharmacokinetic influences on high-throughput in vitro chemical screening based on adverse outcome pathways. Environ Health Perspect 124:53-60; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409450.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B. Phillips
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Leonard
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen W. Edwards
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raina Brooks
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Hisham El-Masri
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yu-Mei Tan
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Brooks R, Iyer S, Akada H, Neelam S, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. Coordinate expansion of murine hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell compartments by SHIPi. Stem Cells 2015; 33:848-58. [PMID: 25402778 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Promoting the expansion of adult stem cell populations offers the potential to ameliorate radiation or chemotherapy-induced bone marrow failure and allows for expedited recovery for patients undergoing these therapies. Previous genetic studies suggested a pivotal role for SH2 domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) in limiting the size of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment. The aim of this study was to determine whether our recent development of small molecule SHIP1 inhibitors offers the potential for pharmacological expansion of the HSC compartment in vivo. We show here that treatment of mice with aminosteroid inhibitors of SHIP1 (SHIPi) more than doubles the size of the adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) compartment while simultaneously expanding the HSC pool sixfold. Consistent with its ability to target SHIP1 function in vivo, SHIPi also significantly increases plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels, a growth factor that supports proliferation of HSC. Here, we show that SHIPi-induced G-CSF production mediates HSC and MSC expansion, as in vivo neutralization of G-CSF abrogates the SHIPi-induced expansion of both the HSC and MSC compartments. Due to its expansionary effect on adult stem cell compartments, SHIPi represents a potential novel strategy to improve declining stem cell function in both therapy induced and genetically derived bone marrow failure syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brooks
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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26
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Chapman J, Roddy E, Chen L, Westhoff G, Brooks R, Ueda S, Chen L. An enhanced recovery pathway decreases length of hospital stay in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Walker N, Leatherwood J, Brooks R, Smith C, TenBroeck S, Vernon K, Waite K, Volgesang M, Egan B, Berg E, Miller J. 165 National American Collegiate Horsemen's Association Convention: an effective equine educational venue. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.03.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chase TN, Foster NL, Fedio P, Mansi L, Brooks R, Kessler R, Di Chiro G. Cognitive and cerebral metabolic function in early and advanced Alzheimer's disease. Monogr Neural Sci 2015; 11:176-9. [PMID: 6610824 DOI: 10.1159/000409208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Isaacs KK, Glen WG, Egeghy P, Goldsmith MR, Smith L, Vallero D, Brooks R, Grulke CM, Özkaynak H. SHEDS-HT: an integrated probabilistic exposure model for prioritizing exposures to chemicals with near-field and dietary sources. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:12750-9. [PMID: 25222184 DOI: 10.1021/es502513w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) researchers are developing a strategy for high-throughput (HT) exposure-based prioritization of chemicals under the ExpoCast program. These novel modeling approaches for evaluating chemicals based on their potential for biologically relevant human exposures will inform toxicity testing and prioritization for chemical risk assessment. Based on probabilistic methods and algorithms developed for The Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation Model for Multimedia, Multipathway Chemicals (SHEDS-MM), a new mechanistic modeling approach has been developed to accommodate high-throughput (HT) assessment of exposure potential. In this SHEDS-HT model, the residential and dietary modules of SHEDS-MM have been operationally modified to reduce the user burden, input data demands, and run times of the higher-tier model, while maintaining critical features and inputs that influence exposure. The model has been implemented in R; the modeling framework links chemicals to consumer product categories or food groups (and thus exposure scenarios) to predict HT exposures and intake doses. Initially, SHEDS-HT has been applied to 2507 organic chemicals associated with consumer products and agricultural pesticides. These evaluations employ data from recent USEPA efforts to characterize usage (prevalence, frequency, and magnitude), chemical composition, and exposure scenarios for a wide range of consumer products. In modeling indirect exposures from near-field sources, SHEDS-HT employs a fugacity-based module to estimate concentrations in indoor environmental media. The concentration estimates, along with relevant exposure factors and human activity data, are then used by the model to rapidly generate probabilistic population distributions of near-field indirect exposures via dermal, nondietary ingestion, and inhalation pathways. Pathway-specific estimates of near-field direct exposures from consumer products are also modeled. Population dietary exposures for a variety of chemicals found in foods are combined with the corresponding chemical-specific near-field exposure predictions to produce aggregate population exposure estimates. The estimated intake dose rates (mg/kg/day) for the 2507 chemical case-study spanned 13 orders of magnitude. SHEDS-HT successfully reproduced the pathway-specific exposure results of the higher-tier SHEDS-MM for a case-study pesticide and produced median intake doses significantly correlated (p<0.0001, R2=0.39) with medians inferred using biomonitoring data for 39 chemicals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Based on the favorable performance of SHEDS-HT with respect to these initial evaluations, we believe this new tool will be useful for HT prediction of chemical exposure potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin K Isaacs
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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Young-Li N, Simons E, Blansit K, Brooks R, Ueda S, Kapp D, Chan J. P206 Factors associated with survival differences in immigrant Asians versus USA-born Asians with uterine cancer. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.03.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McNamara I, Howard J, Rayment A, Schalk R, Brooks R, Best S, Rushton N. Mechanical properties of morcellised bone graft with the addition of hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2014; 25:321-327. [PMID: 24390340 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mixtures of morcellised bone graft (MBG) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are frequently used in revision arthroplasty surgery. However, the changes in the mechanical properties from adding HA to MBG are unknown. This study used a uniaxial compression test to replicate impaction bone grafting and subsequent early postoperative weightbearing to investigate the effect of adding different proportion of HA to MBG. To achieve this aim, human MBG was subjected to increasing impaction forces and the apparent stiffness and creep for each stress level determined. Subsequently, increasing proportions porous and non porous HA were added to the MBG. The major findings were that the apparent stiffness for MBG increased and the associated creep decreased both with the application of increasing stress and with the addition of increasing proportions of HA. In conclusion, greater proportions of HA in the graft mixture improved the mechanical response compared with MBG impacted under the same force. This improvement replicated the properties of pure MBG under high axial stress. This study indicates that graft mixtures of MBG and HA can be tailormade for patients. The need for less impaction force in MBG:HA mixtures to obtain the same properties as pure MBG may decrease the risk of intraoperative fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- I McNamara
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS foundation trust, Norwich, NR4 7UY, UK,
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Simons E, Blansit K, Brooks R, Ueda S, Kapp D, Chan J. Factors associated with differences in survival of immigrants vs. U.S. born asians with uterine cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abramowitz M, Bossart E, Martin L, Brooks R, Lathuiliere F, Laura F, Iskanian A, Pollack A. Noninvasive Real-Time Prostate Tracking Using a Transperineal Ultrasound: A Clinical Trial Comparison to RF Transponders With Visual Confirmation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bavan B, Popat R, Blansit K, Kiet T, Brooks R, Chen L, Ueda S, Kapp D, Chan J. Clinical nomogram to predict for para-aortic lymph node metastasis in advanced-stage endometrial cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Fuh K, Yu X, Blansit K, Brooks R, Ueda S, Chen L, Chan J. A health care economic analysis of robotic surgery for endometrial cancer: A nationwide study of 420 hospitals. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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Simons E, Blansit K, Kiet T, Brooks R, Ueda S, Chen L, Kapp D, Chan J. Serous tubal vs. ovarian vs. peritoneal vs. uterine cancers - A study of 12,369 women. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Fuh K, Blansit K, Brooks R, Ueda S, Chen L, Yu X, Chan J. Surgical complications associated with robotic, laparoscopic, and open approaches in endometrial cancer: A study of 6,560 patients. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pitchers WR, Brooks R, Jennions MD, Tregenza T, Dworkin I, Hunt J. Limited plasticity in the phenotypic variance-covariance matrix for male advertisement calls in the black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1060-78. [PMID: 23530814 PMCID: PMC3641675 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic integration and plasticity are central to our understanding of how complex phenotypic traits evolve. Evolutionary change in complex quantitative traits can be predicted using the multivariate breeders' equation, but such predictions are only accurate if the matrices involved are stable over evolutionary time. Recent study, however, suggests that these matrices are temporally plastic, spatially variable and themselves evolvable. The data available on phenotypic variance-covariance matrix (P) stability are sparse, and largely focused on morphological traits. Here, we compared P for the structure of the complex sexual advertisement call of six divergent allopatric populations of the Australian black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. We measured a subset of calls from wild-caught crickets from each of the populations and then a second subset after rearing crickets under common-garden conditions for three generations. In a second experiment, crickets from each population were reared in the laboratory on high- and low-nutrient diets and their calls recorded. In both experiments, we estimated P for call traits and used multiple methods to compare them statistically (Flury hierarchy, geometric subspace comparisons and random skewers). Despite considerable variation in means and variances of individual call traits, the structure of P was largely conserved among populations, across generations and between our rearing diets. Our finding that P remains largely stable, among populations and between environmental conditions, suggests that selection has preserved the structure of call traits in order that they can function as an integrated unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Pitchers
- Department of Zoology, Program in Ecology Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Simons E, Kiet T, Amanam I, Chen L, Brooks R, Ueda S, Kapp D, Chan J. Improved outcomes of younger compared to older ovarian cancer patients — What is the role of immune regulation? Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Harris K, Kiet T, Amanam I, Chen L, Brooks R, Ueda S, Kapp D, Chan J. The potential role of immune regulation in the presentation of early vs. advanced ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Amanam I, Kiet T, Young-Lin N, Chen L, Brooks R, Ueda S, Monk B, Kapp D, Hoth D, Chan J. Predictive model for cancer drug approval – An analysis of FDA drug submissions over the last decade. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Amanam I, Kiet T, Young-Lin N, Chen L, Brooks R, Ueda S, Monk B, Kapp D, Hoth D, Chan J. Applications for oncologic drugs — Lessons from the oncologic drug advisory committee. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schuler PK, Herrey A, Wade A, Brooks R, Peebles D, Lambiase P, Walker F. Pregnancy outcome and management of women with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a single centre experience. Europace 2012; 14:1740-5. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eus172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Brooks R, Ghezelayagh T, Kiet T, Fuh K, Ueda S, Longacre T, Teng N, Chen L, Chan J. The impact of chemotherapy and fertility-sparing surgery on recurrence of serous borderline ovarian tumors: A multi-institutional study of 491 patients. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Brooks R, Rose RJ, Sheahan MB, Kurdyukov S. Whole Genome Methylation Scanning Based on phi29 Polymerase Amplification. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2012; 76:999-1002. [PMID: 22082267 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911090021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Identifying differences in DNA methylation is critical to understanding how epigenetics influences gene expression during processes such as development. Here, we propose a method that employs a single, methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease of choice, to produce discrete pools of methylated and unmethylated DNA from the same sample. A pool of restriction fragments representing unmethylated regions of the genome is first obtained by digestion with a methylation-sensitive endonuclease. The restriction-digested DNA is then concatamerized in the presence of stuffer-adaptor DNA, which prevents interference from originally unmethylated DNA by blocking the ends of the restriction fragments. The concatamerized DNA is amplified by phi29 polymerase to remove methylation marks, and again digested with the same endonuclease to produce a pool of DNA fragments representing methylated portions of the genome. The two pools of DNA fragments thus obtained can be analyzed by end-sequencing or hybridization to a genomic array. In this report we detail a proof of concept experiment that demonstrates the feasibility of our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brooks
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume Research, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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McNamara IR, Rayment A, Brooks R, Best S, Rushton N. The effect of the addition of hydroxyapatite graft substitutes upon the hoop strain and subsequent subsidence of a femoral model during impaction bone grafting. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 5:238-46. [PMID: 22100099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Impaction bone grafting using morcellised allograft can successfully restore bone stock in revision surgery. However, concerns exist regarding supply of bone and transmission of infection. Bone-graft extenders, such as tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA), are used to minimise the use of donor bone. However, concerns exist around a reported increased risk of femoral fracture during impaction bone grafting with a 1:1 mixture of TCP/HA and morcellised bone graft (MBG) during impaction grafting in human cadaveric femora. Using a sawbones model, it was evaluated whether there was increased femoral cortical strain with a HA:MBG mixture during impaction grafting compared to MBG impacted at the same and a greater force. Subsequently the subsidence behaviour of the different graft mixes was compared by using a loaded femoral stem in an endurance test. It was demonstrated that the femora with the MBG:HA graft had greater cortical hoop stresses but improved subsidence behaviour compared to a graft composed of pure MBG impacted at the same force.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R McNamara
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB1 1QQ, United Kingdom.
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Sultan A, Kiet T, Brooks R, Ueda S, Chen L, Kapp D, Chan J. Comparison of the new and old FIGO staging systems for vulvar carcinoma: A study of 4842 patients. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yu X, Brooks R, Lum D, Kiet T, Fuh K, Brooks R, Orr J, Kapp D, Chan J. Trends in utilization and cost of minimally invasive robotic surgery for endometrial cancer: A statewide analysis of 2296 patients. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chan J, Kiet T, Sherman A, Fuh K, Ueda S, Brooks R, Kapp D, Chen L, Monk B. MicroRNA as a novel predictor of response to bevacizumab in recurrent serous ovarian cancer: An analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Gynecol Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Studies of the attractiveness of female bodies have focussed strongly on the waist, hips and bust, but sexual selection operates on whole phenotypes rather than the relative proportions of just two or three body parts. Here, we use body scanners to extract computer-generated images of 96 Chinese women's bodies with all traits unrelated to body shape removed. We first show that Chinese and Australian men and women rate the attractiveness of these bodies the same. We then statistically explore the roles of age, body weight and a range of length and girth measures on ratings of attractiveness. Last, we use nonlinear selection analysis, a statistical approach developed by evolutionary biologists to explore the interacting effects of suites of traits on fitness, to study how body traits interact to determine attractiveness. Established proxies of adiposity and reproductive value, including age, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, were all correlated with attractiveness. Nonlinear response surface methods using the original traits consistently outperform all of these indices and ratios, suggesting that indices of youth and abdominal adiposity tell only part of the story of body attractiveness. In particular, our findings draw attention to the importance of integration between abdominal measures, including the bust, and the length and girth of limbs. Our results provide the most comprehensive analysis to date of the effect of body shape and fat deposition on female attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brooks
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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