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Ademuyiwa AO, Adisa A, Allen Ingabire JC, Bhangu AA, Crawford R, Galley F, Ghaffar A, Ghosh D, Glasbey J, Haque P, Ismail L, Kamarajah S, Ledda V, Li E, Morton DG, Nepogodiev D, Ntirenganya F, Picciochi M, Ramos de la Medina A. Prioritizing clean, secure energy for operating theatres in the Global South. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae086. [PMID: 38651765 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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2
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Thorpe CL, Crawford R, Hand RJ, Radford JT, Corkhill CL, Pearce CI, Neeway JJ, Plymale AE, Kruger AA, Morris K, Boothman C, Lloyd JR. Microbial interactions with phosphorus containing glasses representative of vitrified radioactive waste. J Hazard Mater 2024; 462:132667. [PMID: 37839373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The presence of phosphorus in borosilicate glass (at 0.1 - 1.3 mol% P2O5) and in iron-phosphate glass (at 53 mol% P2O5) stimulated the growth and metabolic activity of anaerobic bacteria in model systems. Dissolution of these phosphorus containing glasses was either inhibited or accelerated by microbial metabolic activity, depending on the solution chemistry and the glass composition. The breakdown of organic carbon to volatile fatty acids increased glass dissolution. The interaction of microbially reduced Fe(II) with phosphorus-containing glass under anoxic conditions decreased dissolution rates, whereas the interaction of Fe(III) with phosphorus-containing glass under oxic conditions increased glass dissolution. Phosphorus addition to borosilicate glasses did not significantly affect the microbial species present, however, the diversity of the microbial community was enhanced on the surface of the iron phosphate glass. Results demonstrate the potential for microbes to influence the geochemistry of radioactive waste disposal environments with implication for wasteform durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Thorpe
- Immobilization Science Laboratory, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - R Crawford
- Immobilization Science Laboratory, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - R J Hand
- Immobilization Science Laboratory, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - J T Radford
- Immobilization Science Laboratory, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - C L Corkhill
- Immobilization Science Laboratory, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Earth Sciences, The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - J J Neeway
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - A E Plymale
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - A A Kruger
- Office of River Protection, US Department of Energy, Richland, WA, USA
| | - K Morris
- Williamson Research Centre and Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, 176 Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK
| | - C Boothman
- Williamson Research Centre and Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, 176 Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK
| | - J R Lloyd
- Williamson Research Centre and Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, Williamson Building, University of Manchester, 176 Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK
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Crawford R, Sikirica S, Morrison R, Cappelleri JC, Russell-Smith A, Shah R, Chadwick H, Doward L. Correction: The Patient Experience of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Its Treatment: Social Media Review. JMIR Cancer 2023; 9:e54665. [PMID: 38118141 PMCID: PMC10768719 DOI: 10.2196/54665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/39852.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Crawford
- Research Triangle Institute Health SolutionsManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Ross Morrison
- Research Triangle Institute Health SolutionsManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Richa Shah
- Pfizer IncNew York City, NYUnited States
| | - Helen Chadwick
- Research Triangle Institute Health SolutionsManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Lynda Doward
- Research Triangle Institute Health SolutionsManchesterUnited Kingdom
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Kshatriya M, Wang KW, Hildebrand J, Crawford R, Nadarajah A, Youssef M, Rivas A, Kaushal A, Banfield LE, Thabane L, Samaan MC. The Effectiveness of Indigenous Knowledge-Based Lifestyle Interventions in Preventing Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indigenous Children in Canada: A Systematic Review. Adolesc Health Med Ther 2023; 14:175-193. [PMID: 37790916 PMCID: PMC10544169 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s405814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Indigenous children in Canada have high rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Culturally appropriate interventions, guided by an Indigenous knowledge-based view of health, are crucial to target these conditions. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the impact of indigenous Knowledge-based lifestyle interventions on the prevention of obesity and T2DM in Indigenous children in Canada. Methods Database searches were conducted from inception until February 22, 2022. The main outcomes were changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score and the development of T2DM. The other outcomes included adiposity, metabolic, and lifestyle determinants of health. The GRADE approach was used to assess confidence in the evidence. Results Four non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs) and six uncontrolled studies were identified. Peer-led interventions led to a reduction in BMI z-score and waist circumference. GRADE assessment revealed very low quality of evidence due to a lack of randomization and small sample sizes. There were no diabetes-specific reported programs. Conclusion Limited evidence from non-randomized studies suggest that peer-led indigenous Knowledge-based lifestyle interventions improve BMI z-score and central adiposity. There is a need for community-owned and adequately powered randomized studies for interventions that aim to treat and prevent obesity and T2DM in Indigenous children in Canada. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO CRD42017072781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kshatriya
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Global Health Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Hildebrand
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca Crawford
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Indigenous Undergraduate Summer Research Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ajantha Nadarajah
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Global Health Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Youssef
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angelica Rivas
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashleen Kaushal
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura E Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, St. Joseph’s Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St. Joseph’s Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Global Health Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Michael G. De Groote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Hotton M, Cropper J, Rundle J, Crawford R. The role of the clinical psychologist within a cleft service. Br Dent J 2023; 234:887-891. [PMID: 37349436 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Clinical psychologists are core members of UK cleft services. This paper outlines the variety of ways in which clinical psychologists work across the lifespan to promote the psychological wellbeing of those born with a cleft and their families. In the context of dental or orthodontic treatment, this involves a combination of early intervention and advice, psychological assessment or specialist psychological therapy for individuals experiencing dental anxiety or anxiety regarding the appearance of their teeth. This paper therefore aims to highlight the varying roles which clinical psychologists play in the provision of cleft-related dental care, often alongside multidisciplinary colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Cropper
- Clinical Psychologist, Spires Cleft Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Jen Rundle
- Clinical Psychologist, Evelina London Cleft Service, UK
| | - Rebecca Crawford
- Clinical Psychologist, National Cleft Surgical Service for Scotland, UK
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Crawford R, Sikirica S, Morrison R, Cappelleri JC, Russell-Smith A, Shah R, Chadwick H, Doward L. The Patient Experience of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Its Treatment: Social Media Review. JMIR Cancer 2023; 9:e39852. [PMID: 37126376 PMCID: PMC10186186 DOI: 10.2196/39852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) report substantial disease- and treatment-related impacts on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Patient-reported information (PRI) shared on social media may provide a distinct opportunity to understand the patient experience outside of formal research contexts and help inform the development of novel therapies. OBJECTIVE This qualitative social media review aimed to assess PRI shared on social media websites to gain a better understanding of the symptom, HRQOL, and treatment impacts on individuals with ALL. METHODS We identified English-language posts on 3 patient advocacy websites (Patient Power, The Patient Story, and Leukaemia Care) and YouTube that included PRI about experiences with ALL or ALL treatments shared by adults (aged ≥18 years) with a self-reported ALL diagnosis. Patients' demographic and disease characteristics were extracted from posts (where available), and the posts were analyzed thematically. A network analysis was conducted to delineate possible associations among ALL symptoms, HRQOL impacts, and treatment-related symptoms and impacts. RESULTS Of the 935 social media posts identified, 63 (7%) met the review criteria, including 40 (63%) videos, 5 (8%) comments posted in response to videos, and 18 (29%) blog posts. The 63 posts were contributed by 41 patients comprised of 21 (51%) males, 18 females (44%), and 2 (5%) whose gender was not reported. Among the patients, 13 (32%) contributed >1 source of data. Fatigue (n=20, 49%), shortness of breath (n=13, 32%), and bruising (n=12, 29%) were the symptoms prior to treatment most frequently discussed by patients. Patients also reported impacts on personal relationships (n=26, 63%), psychological and emotional well-being (n=25, 61%), and work (n=16, 39%). Although inpatient treatment reportedly restricted patients' independence and social functioning, it also provided a few patients with a sense of safety. Patients frequently relied on their doctors to drive their treatment decisions but were also influenced by family members. The network analysis indicated that disease-related symptoms were primarily associated with patients' physical functioning, activities of daily living, and ability to work, while treatment-related symptoms were primarily associated with emotional well-being. CONCLUSIONS This social media review explored PRI through a thematic analysis of patient-contributed content on patient advocacy websites and YouTube to identify and contextualize emergent themes in patient experiences with ALL and its treatments. To our knowledge, this is the first study to leverage this novel tool to generate new insights into patients' experiences with ALL. Patients' social media posts suggest that inpatient care for ALL is associated with restricted independence and social functioning. However, inpatient care also provided a sense of safety for some patients. Studies such as this one that capture patients' experiences in their own words are valuable tools to further our knowledge of patient outcomes with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Crawford
- Research Triangle Institute Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ross Morrison
- Research Triangle Institute Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Richa Shah
- Pfizer Inc, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Helen Chadwick
- Research Triangle Institute Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lynda Doward
- Research Triangle Institute Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Kanthabalan A, Hosking Jervis F, Dusoye A, Bell K, Sahota K, Bedi N, Jan Eyskens P, Oliver R, Crawford R, Yap T, Walters U, Rashid T. Progress (patient reported outcomes in genital reconstructive surgeries) a validated patient reported outcome measure questionnaire to assess post operative functional improvement following feminising genital reconstructive surgery. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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8
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Crawford R, Dachepally R, Akmyradov C, Prodhan P. Mortality among children with congenital heart disease and adenovirus pneumonia. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Cohen AD, Hari P, Htut M, Berdeja JG, Usmani SZ, Madduri D, Olyslager Y, Goldberg JD, Schecter JM, Jackson CC, Gries KS, Fastenau JM, Valluri S, Deraedt W, Akram M, Crawford R, Morrison R, Doward L, Morgan K, Seldam ST, Jakubowiak A, Jagannath S. Patient Perceptions Regarding Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Treatment: Qualitative Evidence From Interviews With Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma in the CARTITUDE-1 Study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2023; 23:68-77. [PMID: 36357295 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel), a novel chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, has demonstrated early, deep, and durable clinical responses in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), and improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in CARTITUDE-1 (NCT03548207). Patient perspectives on treatment provide context to efficacy outcomes and are an important aspect of therapeutic evaluation. METHODS Qualitative interviews were conducted in a subset of CARTITUDE-1 patients (n = 36) at screening, Day 100, and Day 184 post cilta-cel on living with MM, therapy expectations, and treatment experiences during the study. RESULTS Patients most wanted to see change in symptoms with the greatest impact on HRQoL: pain (85.2%) and fatigue (74.1%). The primary treatment expectation was achieving remission (40.7%), followed by extended life expectancy (14.8%). Patients most often defined meaningful change as improvement in symptoms (70.4%) and return to normalcy (40.7%). The percentage of patients reporting symptoms (pain, fatigue, bone fracture, gastrointestinal, neuropathy, and weakness) decreased from 85.2% to 22.2% across symptom types at baseline to 29.2% to 0% on Day 184 after cilta-cel. Improved symptoms and positive sentiments corresponded with improved perception of overall health status and reduced pain level, respectively. Most patients reported that their expectations of cilta-cel treatment had been met (70.8%) or exceeded (20.8%) at Day 184, and 70.8% of patients considered cilta-cel therapy better than their previous treatments. CONCLUSION Overall HRQoL improvements and qualitative interviews showed cilta-cel met patient expectations of treatment and suggest the long treatment-free period also contributed to positive sentiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Cohen
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Myo Htut
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
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Wu X, Liyanage C, Plan M, Stark T, McCubbin T, Barrero RA, Batra J, Crawford R, Xiao Y, Prasadam I. Dysregulated energy metabolism impairs chondrocyte function in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 31:613-626. [PMID: 36410637 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic pathways are a series of chemical reactions by which cells take in nutrient substrates for energy and building blocks needed to maintain critical cellular processes. Details of chondrocyte metabolism and how it rewires during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) are unknown. This research aims to identify what changes in the energy metabolic state occur in OA cartilage. METHODS Patient matched OA and non-OA cartilage specimens were harvested from total knee replacement patients. Cartilage was first collected for metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics analyses to study global alterations in OA metabolism. We then determined the metabolic routes by tracking [U-13C] isotope with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We further evaluated cellular bioenergetic profiles by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and investigated the effects of low-dose and short-term effects of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) on chondrocytes. RESULTS OA chondrocytes showed increased basal ECAR and more lactate production compared to non-OA chondrocytes. [U-13C] glucose labelling revealed that less glucose-derived carbon entered the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. On the other hand, mitochondrial respiratory rates were markedly decreased in the OA chondrocytes compared to non-OA chondrocytes. These changes were accompanied by decreased cellular ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential and disrupted mitochondrial morphology. We further demonstrated in vitro that short-term inhibition of glycolysis suppressed matrix degeneration gene expression in chondrocytes and bovine cartilage explants cultured under inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION This study represents the first comprehensive comparative analysis of metabolism in OA chondrocytes and lays the groundwork for therapeutic targeting of metabolism in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - C Liyanage
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - M Plan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Metabolomics Australia (Queensland Node), AIBN, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - T Stark
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Metabolomics Australia (Queensland Node), AIBN, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - T McCubbin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Metabolomics Australia (Queensland Node), AIBN, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - R A Barrero
- eResearch Office, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - J Batra
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - R Crawford
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4032, Australia
| | - Y Xiao
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - I Prasadam
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
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Crawford R, Allas S, Tremel N, Weiss B, Robo C, Morrison R, Murphy DJ, Doward L. LBODP094 Living With An "Invisible Disease": A Qualitative Study With Patients With Hypoparathyroidism. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9625217 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoparathyroidism (HPT) is a rare condition in which the parathyroid glands fail to produce enough parathyroid hormone (PTH) or the PTH produced lacks biologic activity. The aim of this study was to explore the patient experience of HPT. Methods Adult patients with HPT, recruited via a medical recruitment agency and the US hypoPARAthyroidism Association, participated in web-based, semi-structured, qualitative interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis identified key symptoms and health-related-quality-of-life (HRQOL) impacts of HPT. Results Interviews were conducted with 16 patients with self-reported HPT for ≥ 12 months (15 females; age range 26-76 years). Key HPT symptoms reported included: fatigue (n=16, 100%), cognitive dysfunction (n=15, 94%), pain (n=15, 94%), tingling (n=14, 88%), muscles twitches/spasms (n=13, 81%), muscle cramps (n=12, 75%), temperature sensitivity (n =12, 75%), muscles weakness (n=12, 75%), cardiovascular issues (n =10, 63%), and eye problems (n= 9, 56%). Patients experienced intra-day symptom variability and unpredictability depending on treatment (Tx) regime. This erratic symptom experience hindered daily planning, and interactions with family/friends, resulting in emotional distress. Patients reported that HPT had a detrimental impact on their daily lives including impacts on physical functioning (n=11, 69%), sleep (n=10, 63%), daily activities (n=16, 100%), and work (n=13, 81%) as well as on relationships and social functioning (n=16, 100%). Fifteen patients (94%) reported emotional impacts; a key issue was the patient-perceived "invisibility" of HPT, specifically patients’ disease experience was often dismissed by family/friends as HPT is rare, with "no visible" symptoms. Patients also noted the burden of HPT management (e. g., Tx regimens, potential effects from long-term medication use). The need for constant vigilance associated with symptoms monitoring and medication use could be onerous. The absence of "at-home calcium monitoring" required patients to adhere to self-imposed "medication timetables": any deviations caused emotional distress as patients feared triggering a "calcium crash". Seven patients noted that Tx effects were not sustained throughout the day, leading to a re-emergence of symptoms as the day progressed. Patients reported that symptom reduction, improved Tx longevity and at-home calcium self-monitoring were key factors that could improve wellbeing and HRQOL. Conclusions The interviews provided valuable insights on the patient lived experience of HPT. Patients’ lives were significantly disrupted by their HPT symptoms regardless of Tx regime. This disruption was exacerbated by the unpredictability of symptoms which challenged patients’ ability to live their lives. These findings highlight the need for durable effective Tx for patients with HPT. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lynda Doward
- RTI Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
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12
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Khattab K, Dziesinski LK, Crawford R, Ballatori A, Nyayapati P, Krug R, Fields A, O'Neill CW, Lotz JC, Bailey JF. Spatial distribution of fat infiltration within the paraspinal muscles: implications for chronic low back pain. Eur Spine J 2022; 31:2875-2883. [PMID: 35776179 PMCID: PMC9637053 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fat infiltration (FI) of the paraspinal muscles (PSMs) measured using MRI is an aspect of muscle quality and is considered to be worse in chronic low back pain (cLBP) patients. However, there is not a clear association between paraspinal muscle FI and cLBP, leaving the clinical importance of paraspinal muscle composition unestablished. The spatial distribution of FI in the PSMs may inform mechanistic understanding of non-specific cLBP as it relates to degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD) pathology. We hypothesized that paraspinal muscle fat-mapping would reveal distinct FI distribution patterns in relation to cLBP symptoms and proximity to symptomatic IVD degeneration. METHODS From advanced-sequence water-fat MRI of 40 axial cLBP patients and 21 controls, we examined the spatial distribution of paraspinal muscle FI in relation to the center of rotation at the L4L5 disc. Using statistical parametric mapping, we compared FI patterns for multifidus (MF), erector spinae (ES), and psoas between patients and controls, and to the presence and severity of adjacent degenerative IVD pathology. RESULTS The spatial distribution of PSMs FI differs between PSMs and according to symptoms and the adjacent degenerative IVD pathology. Furthermore, the region of MF closest to the disc center of rotation appears most susceptible to FI in the presence of symptomatic IVD degeneration. CONCLUSION Our study identified spatial distribution patterns of FI in the PSMs as a potential diagnostic biomarker that may also provide granular mechanistic insights into spine biomechanics related to cLBP, as well as advancing the use of prior summary measures limited to overall muscle FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khattab
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Lucas K Dziesinski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | | | - Alex Ballatori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Priya Nyayapati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Roland Krug
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Aaron Fields
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Conor W O'Neill
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Lotz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA
| | - Jeannie F Bailey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 95 Kirkham St, San Francisco, CA, 94122, USA.
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Ranjit S, Zhu J, Pitre A, Wang Y, Crawford R, Nourse A, Li Y, Pagala V, Peng J, Schuetz JD. Dynamic Changes in ABCC4 Protein‐Protein Interactions during PKA Signaling: Role of the ABCC4 PDZ Motif. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ranjit
- Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Aaron Pitre
- Cell and Tissue Imaging CenterSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Yao Wang
- Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
- Cell and Tissue Imaging CenterSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Rebecca Crawford
- Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Amanda Nourse
- Molecular Interaction Analysis LaboratorySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Proteomics and MetabolomicsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Vishwajeeth Pagala
- Department of Proteomics and MetabolomicsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Proteomics and MetabolomicsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
| | - John D. Schuetz
- Pharmaceutical SciencesSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN
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Lyall M, Crawford R, Bell T, Mamolo C, Neuhof A, Levy C, Heyes A. Characterizing the Patient Journey in Multiple Myeloma: A Patient Perspective (Preprint). JMIR Cancer 2022; 8:e39068. [PMID: 36136395 PMCID: PMC9539647 DOI: 10.2196/39068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The patient experience of multiple myeloma (MM) is multifaceted and varies substantially between individuals. Current published information on the patient perspective and treatment of MM is limited, making it difficult to gain insights into patient needs regarding the condition. Objective In this review, a combined research method approach (ie, the review of published literature and social media posts) was undertaken to provide insight into patients’ perspectives on the burden and treatment of MM, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of MM on caregivers of patients with MM. Methods Targeted searches of PubMed and PsycINFO were conducted from November 16, 2010, to November 16, 2020; in parallel, patient-reported information derived from social media posts from 6 patient advocacy websites and YouTube were searched. The review of patient advocacy websites and YouTube targeted patient-reported information from patients with a self-reported diagnosis of MM who discussed their experience of MM and its treatments. Results A total of 27 articles and 138 posts were included (patient-reported information included data from 76 individuals), and results from both sources showed that patients experienced a variety of symptoms and treatment side effects, including neuropathy, fatigue, nausea, and back pain. These can affect areas of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), including physical functioning; emotional, psychological, and social well-being; the ability to work; and relationships. Patients valued involvement in treatment decision-making, and both the patient-reported information and the literature indicated that efficacy and tolerability strongly influence treatment decision-making. For patients, caregivers, and physicians, the preference for treatments was strongest when associated with increased survival. Caregivers can struggle to balance care responsibilities and jobs, and their HRQOL is affected in several areas, including emotional-, role-, social-, and work-related aspects of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged patients’ ability to manage MM because of limited hospital access and restrictions that negatively affected their lives, psychological well-being, and HRQOL. Unmet patient needs identified in the literature and patient-reported information were for more productive appointments with health care professionals, better-tolerated therapies, and more support for themselves and their caregivers. Conclusions The combination of published literature and patient-reported information provides valuable and rich details on patient experiences and perceptions of MM and its treatment. The data highlighted that patients’ HRQOL is impeded not only by the disease but also by treatment-related side effects. Patients in the literature and patient-reported information showed a strong preference for treatments that prolong life, and patients appeared to value participation in treatment decisions. However, there remain unmet needs and areas for further research, including treatment, caregiver burden, and how to conduct appointments with health care professionals. This may help improve the understanding of the journey of patients with MM. Plain Language Summary Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the second most common cancer that affects blood cells. In this study, researchers wanted to know patients’ views on the effects of MM and the treatments they received. Researchers also looked at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients’ treatment and the impact of MM on caregivers. To this end, the researchers reviewed information from 27 published studies and 138 social media posts by 76 patients with MM. Patients commonly reported nerve pain, tiredness, feeling sick, and back pain caused by MM and the treatments they received. The effects of MM and treatments affected patients’ physical function; emotional, psychological, and social well-being; ability to work; and relationships. The researchers found that patients wanted to be involved in decisions related to their treatment. The effectiveness against MM and known negative effects strongly influenced the choice of treatments for patients. Increased survival was the strongest factor in the choice of treatment for patients, caregivers, and doctors. Researchers found that the emotional-, role-, social-, and work-related aspects of caregivers’ lives were affected by caring for patients with MM. The COVID-19 pandemic also affected the ability of patients to manage their MM because of limited hospital access and the effects of restrictions that impacted their lives and psychological well-being. Finally, the researchers identified some areas requiring improvement, including unproductive appointments with health care professionals, the need for treatments with fewer negative effects, and more support for patients with MM and their caregivers. This information may be useful to improve and understand the experience of patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy Bell
- SpringWorks Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, United States
| | | | | | | | - Anne Heyes
- RTI Health Solutions, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Clark M, Romano C, Olayinka-Amao O, Whalley D, Crawford R, Pathak P, Brindicci C, Garg K, Kordy K, Everhard F, Patalano F, Roesler Z, Sutton T, Göransson O, Landles R, Naujoks C, Marvel J, Keininger DL. Development and content validation of a self-completed, electronic Pediatric Asthma Symptom Diary. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:25. [PMID: 35306621 PMCID: PMC8934788 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood asthma is an important unmet need. To date, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for children with asthma have used a combination of caregiver or proxy-reported and self-reported measures. No comprehensive measure is available to assess the severity and impact of daytime and nighttime asthma symptoms and rescue medication use for self-completion by children aged 6–11 years. This study aimed to develop a novel, interactive, electronic Pediatric Asthma Symptom Diary (ePASD) measuring self-reported key symptom severity and proximal impacts of asthma in young children with varying reading ability and disease severity, consistent with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) PRO guidance and the International Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) good research practices. Methods A targeted literature review and clinician interviews were undertaken to characterize symptoms and impacts experienced by children with mild-to-severe asthma. Concept elicitation interviews (CEIs) were conducted with 44 children and their caregivers (30 US; 14 UK). Following item and digital application development, the ePASD was assessed for relevance, understanding, and interpretability through cognitive debriefing interviews (CDIs) with 21 US children. Face validity/translatability assessments were also performed. Results Key measurement concepts included cough, wheeze, difficulty breathing, chest tightness/discomfort, nighttime awakening, and daytime activity limitations. Concept saturation was reached during CEIs for primary asthma-related daytime and nighttime symptoms and core impacts. Most CDI participants found the ePASD items clear, understandable, and comprehensive. Standardized training is anticipated to facilitate reliable child self-report. Conclusion The ePASD, a novel PROM for children aged 6–11 years with asthma, uses an innovative multimedia approach and has been developed in accordance with FDA PRO guidance and ISPOR good research practices, directly capturing the child’s self-reported asthma symptoms, impacts on daily activities and nighttime awakening, and rescue medication use. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41687-022-00432-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Romano
- RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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16
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Crawford R, Gries KS, Valluri S, Fastenau J, Morrison R, Yeh T, Olyslager Y, Goldberg JD, Schecter JM, Jackson CC, Deraedt W, Doward L. The patient experience of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma and perspectives on emerging therapies. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 5:e1603. [PMID: 35168299 PMCID: PMC9675381 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is a disease that is nonresponsive or progressive on therapy, and although patients can achieve remission, relapse is common. As more treatment options become available for multiple myeloma (MM), it is important to understand patients' experiences of current and emerging therapies. AIMS This study aimed to better understand patient experiences with treatment and therapies for MM using qualitative interviews and patient-reported information (PRI) shared on social media. METHODS Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with adults with RRMM who resided in the United States. In addition to the interviews, PRI was collected from YouTube and a patient advocacy website. Key themes from the interviews and PRI were summarized, and illustrative quotes were extracted. RESULTS Twenty participants were interviewed; 11 were female, and mean (standard deviation) age was 60 (7.0) years. The PRI included 14 posts and 19 unique contributors (10 were female). Similar treatment-related symptoms were reported in the interviews and PRI. Fatigue and pain were the most frequently reported symptoms while receiving treatment in both the interviews and PRI. These symptoms had a meaningful impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL); being off treatment and returning to normal living was described as an ideal treatment outcome. Nearly all interview participants (n = 18) preferred a treatment that would allow for a treatment-free interval, if it had the same efficacy and safety profile as a continuous treatment. CONCLUSION The symptom experience reported in this study is consistent with known RRMM symptoms and HRQOL impacts. Additionally, this study highlighted that patients' treatment expectations are changing relative to their past treatment experience. Individuals living with RRMM strongly desire therapies with a treatment-free interval and minimal impact on their HRQOL.
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Barker TP, Steele N, Swamy G, Cook A, Rai A, Crawford R, Lutchman L. Infographic: Long-term core outcomes in cauda equina syndrome. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:1462-1463. [PMID: 34465157 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b9.bjj-2021-1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T P Barker
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK.,Colchester General Hospital, Colchester, UK
| | - N Steele
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - G Swamy
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - A Cook
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - A Rai
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - R Crawford
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - L Lutchman
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
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Zeichner J, Feldman SR, Ervin C, Crawford R, Evans E, Zielinski MA, Cappelleri JC, DiBonaventura M, Takiya L, Myers DE. 26652 Patient and caregiver perspectives on treatment attributes for atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Highland KB, Crawford R, Classi P, Morrison R, Doward L, Nelsen AC, Castillo H, Mathai SC, DuBrock HM. Development of the Pulmonary Hypertension Functional Classification Self-Report: a patient version adapted from the World Health Organization Functional Classification measure. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:202. [PMID: 34429110 PMCID: PMC8386063 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive limitations on physical activity, right heart failure, and premature death. The World Health Organization functional classification (WHO-FC) is a clinician-rated assessment used widely to assess PAH severity and functioning, but no equivalent patient-reported version of PAH symptoms and activity limitations exists. We developed a version of the WHO-FC for self-completion by patients: the Pulmonary Hypertension Functional Classification Self-Report (PH-FC-SR). Methods Semistructured interviews were conducted with three health care providers (HCPs) via telephone to inform development of the draft PH-FC-SR. Two rounds of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 US patients with a self-reported PAH diagnosis via telephone/online to elicit concepts and iteratively refine the PH-FC-SR. Results HCPs reported that the WHO-FC was a useful tool for evaluating patients’ PAH severity over time and for making treatment decisions but acknowledged that use of the measure is subjective. Patients in round 1 interviews (n = 6) reported PAH symptoms, including shortness of breath (n = 6), fatigue (n = 5), syncope (n = 5), chest pains (n = 3), and dizziness (n = 3). Round 1 patients identified challenges with the original WHO-FC, including comprehensibility of clinical terms and overlapping descriptions of class II and III, and preferred the Draft 1 PH-FC-SR over the original WHO-FC. After minor changes were made to Draft 2, round 2 interviews (n = 8) confirmed patients understood the PH-FC-SR class descriptions, interpreting them consistently. Conclusions The HCP and patient interviews identified and confirmed certain limitations inherent within the clinician-rated WHO-FC, including subjective assessment and overlapping definitions for class II and III. The PH-FC-SR includes patient-appropriate language, symptoms, and physical activity impacts relevant to patients with PAH. Future research is recommended to validate the PH-FC-SR and explore its correlation with the physician-assessed WHO-FC and other outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Crawford
- RTI Health Solutions, The Pavilion, Towers Business Park, Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 2LS, UK.
| | | | - Ross Morrison
- RTI Health Solutions, The Pavilion, Towers Business Park, Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 2LS, UK
| | - Lynda Doward
- RTI Health Solutions, The Pavilion, Towers Business Park, Wilmslow Road, Didsbury, Manchester, M20 2LS, UK
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20
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Ervin C, Crawford R, Evans E, Feldman SR, Zeichner J, Zielinski M, Cappelleri JC, DiBonaventura M, Takiya L, Myers DE. Patient and Caregiver Preferences on Treatment Attributes for Atopic Dermatitis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2021; 33:2225-2233. [PMID: 34264145 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1940810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expanding number of potential treatment options for atopic dermatitis (AD) highlights the need to better understand the treatment preferences of individuals with AD. OBJECTIVE This study identified attributes that most greatly influenced treatment preferences of adults/adolescents/caregivers of children with mild/moderate/severe AD. METHODS Adults (≥18 years), adolescents (12-17 years), and caregivers of children (2-11 years) with mild, moderate, or severe AD in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) participated in semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify and generate themes across the interview results describing the treatment attributes of greatest importance to participants. RESULTS Qualitative interviews were conducted with 35 adults, 35 caregivers, and 33 adolescent participants across both countries (n = 103; US =51; UK =52) and all severity groups (mild =43; moderate =47; severe =13). The most important treatment attributes included efficacy (96.1%; speed and duration of symptom relief), mode of administration (66.0%; route of administration, frequency, and convenience), and side effects (55.3%, short-term, long-term, and general). CONCLUSION Efficacy, mode of administration, and side effects were the most important attributes that influenced AD treatment preferences for patients and caregivers across different countries, ages, and disease severity. These results may assist patients/caregivers/clinicians in shared decision-making discussions to improve treatment adherence and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ervin
- RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Emily Evans
- RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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21
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Walters U, Pidgeon T, Yap T, Takhar M, Gresty H, Bertoncelli Tanaka M, Dusoye A, Eyskens P, Junejo M, Bell K, Sahota K, Crawford R, Kanthabalan A, Bedi N, Hosking-Jervis F, Oliver R, Rashid T. Early surgical outcomes following 400 feminising genital reconstructive surgeries performed by a single urological surgeon. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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English M, Stoykova B, Slota C, Doward L, Siddiqui E, Crawford R, DiBenedetti D. Correction to: Qualitative study: burden of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and validation of PROMIS sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment measures for assessment of VMS impact on sleep. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:42. [PMID: 34061278 PMCID: PMC8167907 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marci English
- Astellas Pharma Inc., Pharma Global Development, Astellas Way, Northbrook, IL, 60062-6111, USA.
| | | | - Christina Slota
- RTI Health Solutions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment Group, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dana DiBenedetti
- RTI Health Solutions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment Group, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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23
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English M, Stoykova B, Slota C, Doward L, Siddiqui E, Crawford R, DiBenedetti D. Qualitative study: burden of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and validation of PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment measures for assessment of VMS impact on sleep. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:37. [PMID: 33900486 PMCID: PMC8076383 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the impact of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms (VMS) on sleep. We also sought to establish the content validity of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short form Sleep-Related Impairment and Sleep Disturbance measures in postmenopausal women with moderate to severe VMS. Methods Cross-sectional, in-person, qualitative interviews were conducted in the United States (Texas, Illinois) and European Union (UK, France) with women aged 40–64 years experiencing moderate to severe VMS (≥35/wk). Main outcomes were impact of VMS on sleep based on concept elicitation and content validity of PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment and Sleep Disturbance short forms via cognitive debriefing. Results Thirty-two women (US: n = 16; EU: n = 16) participated. A majority (US: 93.8%; EU: 93.8%) said VMS affected sleep; specifically, they had sleep interrupted by sweating or overheating and had difficulty returning to sleep. Sleep disturbance was the most bothersome aspect of VMS (US: 75%; EU: 50%). VMS-associated sleep disturbance affected next-day work productivity, mood, relationships, daily activities, concentration, social activities, and physical health. Participants found both PROMIS sleep measures relevant and easy to answer; the Sleep Disturbance measure was considered the most relevant. Participants had no difficulty remembering their experiences over the 7-day recall period and found the response options to be distinct. Conclusion VMS associated with menopause significantly interferes with sleep and next-day functioning (e.g., work productivity), supporting assessment of sleep outcomes in studies evaluating treatment of VMS. Women with moderate to severe VMS found that the PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment and Sleep Disturbance short forms assessed constructs important to understanding sleep in the context of menopause-associated VMS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41687-021-00289-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci English
- Astellas Pharma Inc., Pharma Global Development, 1 Astellas Way, Northbrook, IL, 60062-6111, USA.
| | | | - Christina Slota
- RTI Health Solutions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment Group, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dana DiBenedetti
- RTI Health Solutions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment Group, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Cohen AD, Hari P, Htut M, Berdeja JG, Madduri D, Usmani SZ, Allred AJ, Olyslager Y, Banerjee A, Goldberg JD, Schecter JM, Jackson CC, Gries KS, Fastenau J, Deraedt W, Carrasco-Alfonso MJ, Akram M, Hossain F, Crawford R, Morrison R, Doward L, Jakubowiak A, Jagannath S. Patient Expectations and Perceptions of Treatment in CARTITUDE-1: Phase 1b/2 Study of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Transplant Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(21)00498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Clark M, Romano C, Olayinka-Amao O, Whalley D, Crawford R, Pathak P, Brindicci C, Garg K, Kordy K, Everhard F, Patalano F, Roesler Z, Sutton T, Goransson O, Landles R, Naujoks C, Marvel J, Keininger D. Development of a Novel, Interactive, Electronic Pediatric Asthma Diary for Self-Report of Symptom Severity and Disease Impact by Young Children With Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Crawford R, Sully K, Conroy R, Johnson C, Doward L, Bell T, Welch V, Peloquin F, Gater A. Patient-Centered Insights on Treatment Decision Making and Living with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Hematologic Cancers. Patient 2021; 13:83-102. [PMID: 31456136 PMCID: PMC6957575 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-019-00384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Expectations relating to treatment and survival, and factors influencing treatment decisions are not well understood in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. This study analyzed combined findings from a targeted literature review with patient-reported information shared on YouTube to further understand patient perspectives in hematologic cancers and, in particular, acute myeloid leukemia. The targeted literature review included articles concerning patient (aged ≥ 18 years) experiences or perspectives in acute myeloid leukemia or other hematologic cancers. YouTube video selection criteria included patients (aged ≥ 60 years) with self-reported acute myeloid leukemia. In total, 26 articles (13 acute myeloid leukemia-specific and 14 other hematologic cancers, with one relevant to both populations) and 28 videos pertaining to ten unique patients/caregivers were identified. Key concepts reported by patients included the perceived value of survival for achieving personal and/or life milestones, the emotional/psychological distress of their diagnosis, and the uncertainties about life expectancy/prognosis. Effective therapies that could potentially delay progression and extend life were of great importance to patients; however, these were considered in terms of quality-of-life impact and disruption to daily life. Many patients expressed concerns regarding the lack of treatment options, the possibility of side effects, and how their diagnosis and treatment would affect relationships, daily lives, and ability to complete certain tasks. Both data sources yielded valuable and rich information on the patient experience and perceptions of hematologic cancers, in particular for acute myeloid leukemia, and its treatments. Further understanding of these insights could aid discussions between clinicians, patients, and their caregivers regarding treatment decisions, highlight outcomes of importance to patients in clinical studies, and ultimately, inform patient-focused drug development and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Sully
- Adelphi Values Ltd, Macclesfield, Cheshire UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adam Gater
- Adelphi Values Ltd, Macclesfield, Cheshire UK
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27
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Futrega K, Music E, Robey PG, Gronthos S, Crawford R, Saifzadeh S, Klein TJ, Doran MR. Characterisation of ovine bone marrow-derived stromal cells (oBMSC) and evaluation of chondrogenically induced micro-pellets for cartilage tissue repair in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:26. [PMID: 33413652 PMCID: PMC7791713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) show promise in cartilage repair, and sheep are the most common large animal pre-clinical model. Objective The objective of this study was to characterise ovine BMSC (oBMSC) in vitro, and to evaluate the capacity of chondrogenic micro-pellets manufactured from oBMSC or ovine articular chondrocytes (oACh) to repair osteochondral defects in sheep. Design oBMSC were characterised for surface marker expression using flow cytometry and evaluated for tri-lineage differentiation capacity. oBMSC micro-pellets were manufactured in a microwell platform, and chondrogenesis was compared at 2%, 5%, and 20% O2. The capacity of cartilage micro-pellets manufactured from oBMSC or oACh to repair osteochondral defects in adult sheep was evaluated in an 8-week pilot study. Results Expanded oBMSC were positive for CD44 and CD146 and negative for CD45. The common adipogenic induction ingredient, 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), was toxic to oBMSC, but adipogenesis could be restored by excluding IBMX from the medium. BMSC chondrogenesis was optimal in a 2% O2 atmosphere. Micro-pellets formed from oBMSC or oACh appeared morphologically similar, but hypertrophic genes were elevated in oBMSC micro-pellets. While oACh micro-pellets formed cartilage-like repair tissue in sheep, oBMSC micro-pellets did not. Conclusion The sensitivity of oBMSC, compared to human BMSC, to IBMX in standard adipogenic assays highlights species-associated differences. Micro-pellets manufactured from oACh were more effective than micro-pellets manufactured from oBMSC in the repair of osteochondral defects in sheep. While oBMSC can be driven to form cartilage-like tissue in vitro, the effective use of these cells in cartilage repair will depend on the successful mitigation of hypertrophy and tissue integration. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-020-02045-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Futrega
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - E Music
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - P G Robey
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - S Gronthos
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - R Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Saifzadeh
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - T J Klein
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M R Doran
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies (CBT), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA. .,Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. .,Mater Research Institute - University of Queensland (UQ), Translational Research Institute (TRI), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Ervin CM, Whalley D, von Huth Smith L, Crawford R, Dine J, Fehnel SE. Development of the impact of weight on daily activities questionnaire: A patient-reported outcome measure. Clin Obes 2020; 10:e12387. [PMID: 32935465 PMCID: PMC7685113 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
While patient-reported outcome measures are available to evaluate health-related quality of life and functioning in obesity, existing measures do not evaluate the impact of excess weight and weight loss on the ability to perform regularly occurring daily activities. Three iterative sets of qualitative interviews were conducted in two countries (United States, n = 23; United Kingdom, n = 23) with individuals with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 to inform development of the Impact of Weight on Daily Activities Questionnaire (IWDAQ) for use in clinical trials to evaluate daily activity limitations associated with excess weight. Candidate concepts were selected based on the literature, expert opinion, and previously conducted qualitative research, after which the draft IWDAQ was developed and tested. Interviews included a brief concept elicitation phase, followed by cognitive debriefing during which the IWDAQ was refined based upon participants' feedback. The IWDAQ uses a novel, adaptive questionnaire design, such that clinical trial participants choose the three IWDAQ activities they would most like to improve with weight loss and rate the degree of limitation in each of these activities at baseline. By allowing individuals participating in trials to identify and monitor changes in the activities they most want to see improve with weight loss, the 19-item IWDAQ has the potential to detect the benefits of weight-loss treatment that individuals with obesity value most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Ervin
- Patient‐Centered Outcomes AssessmentRTI Health SolutionsResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Diane Whalley
- Patient‐Centered Outcomes AssessmentRTI Health SolutionsManchesterUK
| | | | - Rebecca Crawford
- Patient‐Centered Outcomes AssessmentRTI Health SolutionsManchesterUK
| | - Jennifer Dine
- Patient‐Centered Outcomes AssessmentRTI Health SolutionsResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sheri E Fehnel
- Patient‐Centered Outcomes AssessmentRTI Health SolutionsResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
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Highland K, Crawford R, Classi P, Morrison R, Doward L, Nelsen A, Castillo H, Mathai S, Dubrock H. DEVELOPMENT OF THE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION SELF-REPORT (PH-FC-SR). Chest 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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30
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Gemzoe K, Crawford R, Caress A, McCorkindale S, Conroy R, Collier S, Doward L, Vekaria RM, Worsley S, Leather DA, Irving E. Patient and healthcare professional experiences of the Salford Lung Studies: qualitative insights for future effectiveness trials. Trials 2020; 21:798. [PMID: 32943093 PMCID: PMC7499906 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in the routine care setting provide the opportunity to better understand the effectiveness of new medicines but can present recruitment difficulties. An improved understanding of the challenges/opportunities for patient and healthcare professional (HCP) engagement in clinical research is needed to enhance participation and trial experience. In this study, we explored patient and HCP drivers for, and experiences of, participation in the Salford Lung Studies (SLS), and their views on future trial participation and the overall value of such trials. Methods This was a qualitative study set in Salford, UK, comprising patient telephone interviews (N = 10) and HCP advisory boards (one with general practitioners [GPs], one with practice managers [PMs]); all individuals had participated in the SLS. Semi-structured telephone interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Advisory board meetings were analysed based on transcriptions of audio recordings and field notes. Results For patients, key positive aspects of the SLS were the ease/convenience of study assessments and excellent relationships with study nurses. GPs and PMs considered the SLS to be well-organized and highlighted the value of research nurse support; they also described minor challenges relating to trial systems, initial financial strain on practices and staff turnover. All participants indicated that they were very likely to participate in future trials, citing a design closely aligned with routine care practice as essential. Several strategies to encourage trial participation were suggested, such as clearly communicating benefits to patients and ensuring flexible study assessments. Conclusions Patients and HCPs had positive experiences of the SLS. The study design, closely aligned with routine care, was considered important to their high likelihood of participating in future trials. The experiences of patients and HCPs in the SLS provide valuable insights that will help inform future best practice in the design and conduct of future real-world effectiveness RCTs in primary care. The detailed first-hand experiences of HCPs will be of significant value to others considering engaging in clinical research and participating in effectiveness RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Gemzoe
- Real World Study Delivery, Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Research & Development Ltd., Stockley Park West, 1-3 Ironbridge Road, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB11 1BT, UK.
| | | | - Ann Caress
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | | | | | - Susan Collier
- UK Medical, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Uxbridge, UB11 1BT, UK
| | | | | | - Sally Worsley
- Real World Study Delivery, Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Research & Development Ltd., Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - David A Leather
- Global Respiratory Franchise, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Brentford, TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Elaine Irving
- Real World Study Delivery, Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Research & Development Ltd., Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
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Liu W, Patel R, Crawford R, Ayres B, Tree A, Pickering L, Watkin N, Afshar M. 707MO Longitudinal cohort analysis of patients with metastatic penile cancer treated in a large quaternary academic centre. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Gaba F, Blyuss O, Chandrasekaran D, Osman M, Goyal S, Gan C, Izatt L, Tripathi V, Esteban I, McNicol L, Ragupathy K, Crawford R, Evans DG, Legood R, Menon U, Manchanda R. Attitudes towards risk-reducing early salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy for ovarian cancer prevention: a cohort study. BJOG 2020; 128:714-726. [PMID: 32803845 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine risk-reducing early salpingectomy and delayed oophorectomy (RRESDO) acceptability and effect of surgical prevention on menopausal sequelae/satisfaction/regret in women at increased ovarian cancer (OC) risk. DESIGN Multicentre, cohort, questionnaire study (IRSCTN:12310993). SETTING United Kingdom (UK). POPULATION UK women without OC ≥18 years, at increased OC risk, with/without previous RRSO, ascertained through specialist familial cancer/genetic clinics and BRCA support groups. METHODS Participants completed a 39-item questionnaire. Baseline characteristics were described using descriptive statistics. Logistic/linear regression models analysed the impact of variables on RRESDO acceptability and health outcomes. MAIN OUTCOMES RRESDO acceptability, menopausal sequelae, satisfaction/regret. RESULTS In all, 346 of 683 participants underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO). Of premenopausal women who had not undergone RRSO, 69.1% (181/262) found it acceptable to participate in a research study offering RRESDO. Premenopausal women concerned about sexual dysfunction were more likely to find RRESDO acceptable (odds ratio [OR] = 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-7.7, P = 0.025). Women experiencing sexual dysfunction after premenopausal RRSO were more likely to find RRESDO acceptable in retrospect (OR = 5.3, 95% CI 1.2-27.5, P < 0.031). In all, 88.8% (143/161) premenopausal and 95.2% (80/84) postmenopausal women who underwent RRSO, respectively, were satisfied with their decision, whereas 9.4% (15/160) premenopausal and 1.2% (1/81) postmenopausal women who underwent RRSO regretted their decision. HRT uptake in premenopausal individuals without breast cancer (BC) was 74.1% (80/108). HRT use did not significantly affect satisfaction/regret levels but did reduce symptoms of vaginal dryness (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9, P = 0.025). CONCLUSION Data show high RRESDO acceptability, particularly in women concerned about sexual dysfunction. Although RRSO satisfaction remains high, regret rates are much higher for premenopausal women than for postmenopausal women. HRT use following premenopausal RRSO does not increase satisfaction but does reduce vaginal dryness. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT RRESDO has high acceptability among premenopausal women at increased ovarian cancer risk, particularly those concerned about sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gaba
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Cancer Research UK, Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.,Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - O Blyuss
- School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.,Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - D Chandrasekaran
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Cancer Research UK, Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.,Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M Osman
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Cancer Research UK, Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - S Goyal
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Cancer Research UK, Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - C Gan
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Izatt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - V Tripathi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - I Esteban
- Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
| | - L McNicol
- Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
| | | | - R Crawford
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D G Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, MAHSC, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R Legood
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - U Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Manchanda
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Cancer Research UK, Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.,Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
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Crawford R, Gallagher A, Devine C, Mijares Zamuner M. Quinolone-induced Biceps Tendon Rupture. Ir Med J 2020; 113:130. [PMID: 35575630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Presentation A 76-year-old man presented with acute left upper limb pain and subsequent large ecchymosis. Diagnosis An ultrasound study was performed which showed partial left biceps tendon rupture. Treatment He was managed conservatively with Orthopaedic input. The patient was given analgesia and reassured. Discussion Tendon rupture is an unusual but serious complication of quinolone exposure. This case highlights that this should be included in the differential for acute limb pain in patients who have been prescribed these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Bon Secours Hospital, Glasnevin
| | - A Gallagher
- Department of Medicine, Bon Secours Hospital, Glasnevin
| | - C Devine
- Pharmacy Department, Bon Secours Hospital, Glasnevin
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Richardson K, Turner C, Hiroyasu S, Crawford R, Burleigh A, Granville D. 081 Granzyme K: A potential mediator of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lopez D, Crawford R, Mita L, Bellringer J, Rashid T. P-06-4 The Utility of C Reactive Protein and Catheter Specimen Urine Culture as a Predictor of Urinary Tract Infection Following Male to Female Genital Reconstructive Surgery. J Sex Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.04.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Bevington P, Gartman R, Botelho DJ, Crawford R, Packer M, Fromhold TM, Chalupczak W. Object surveillance with radio-frequency atomic magnetometers. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:055002. [PMID: 32486710 DOI: 10.1063/1.5145251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The capabilities of a radio-frequency atomic magnetometer for object detection based on magnetic induction tomography are explored. The determination of object orientation is demonstrated by utilizing the measurement geometry. The self-compensation configuration of the atomic magnetometer is implemented to address the issue of saturation of the sensor response by the radio-frequency primary field that generates the object signature. Three methods of "covert" detection are investigated as a testbed for exploring the functionalities of this sensor, where (1) the operational frequency of the sensor is continuously changed, (2) the primary field has non-monochromatic frequency distribution, and (3) the sensor operates in the so-called spin maser mode. The results of the measurements are also discussed in terms of possible magnetic field communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bevington
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - R Gartman
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - D J Botelho
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - R Crawford
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - M Packer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - T M Fromhold
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - W Chalupczak
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
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Redmond CE, Crawford R, O'Neill DC, Lee MJ. Social Media as a Learning Resource for Medical Students. Ir Med J 2020; 113:64. [PMID: 32268057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C E Redmond
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D C O'Neill
- Department of Radiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Tolaney S, O'Shaughnessy JA, Crawford R, Ackbarali T, Greene L, Carter J, Sapir T. Abstract P1-15-05: Identifying educational needs and areas for improvement in the management of HR+, HER2- breast cancer using cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p1-15-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) offer the potential to significantly improve outcomes for women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer. However, given the relative short time period of their availability, appropriate evidence-based uses of CDK4/6i therapies depend on effective education and implementation strategies. In the context of an accredited continuing medical education (CME) and quality improvement (QI) program, we conducted a survey study to identify educational needs and areas for improvement involving CDK4/6i decision-making and clinical management.
Methods: Baseline surveys were administered to medical oncologists and clinical staff in 2 large U.S. healthcare systems. The surveys included items for assessing participants’ challenges, barriers, and education/training needs in managing patients with HR+/HER2- breast cancer, specifically focusing on uses of CDK4/6i therapies. In addition to conducting the survey study, at baseline we audited 100 electronic medical records (EMRs) of women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer in each of the 2 systems. The oncology teams then participated in CME/QI activities in which national leaders in breast cancer research and education presented the baseline survey results and EMR-audit feedback, and guided participants in developing targeted action plans to overcome barriers and to close clinical gaps.
Results: Survey respondents were 15 medical oncologists, 3 nurses, and 2 QI personnel. Regarding their patients on CDK4/6i therapies, large percentages of the respondents indicated low levels of satisfaction with current CDK4/6i treatment algorithms (40%), scheduling of patient follow-up visits (35%), team-based coordination of care (15%), and protocols for supportive care (15%). The most commonly reported challenges and barriers in managing patients with HR+/HER2- breast cancer were identifying women who would benefit from CDK4/6i therapies (35%), monitoring patients for disease progression (25%), and receiving support from administrative leadership (15%). Regarding facilitators to reducing patient risks of discontinuing CDK4/6i due to toxicity, the most common responses were increasing interprofessional collaboration and care coordination (45%), and providing education about adverse events to patients and caregivers (20%) and to oncology clinical team members (15%). Participants in the CME/QI activities developed action plans that included establishing protocols and EMR tracking mechanisms for monitoring patients using CDK4/6i therapies, tracking pharmacy dispensing of CDK4/6i therapies, and documenting patient characteristics such as staging, menopausal status, and progression to guide individualized treatment decision-making.
Conclusions: Concerning the implementation of CDK4/6i therapies, this survey study addresses challenges and variable practices that have been recently reported in the literature. The findings reveal specific education and training needs, along with targeted strategies, that are essential for promoting evidence-based, appropriate decision-making and management processes involving these therapies for women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer.
Citation Format: Sara Tolaney, Joyce A. O'Shaughnessy, Rebecca Crawford, Tariqa Ackbarali, Laurence Greene, Jeffrey Carter, Tamar Sapir. Identifying educational needs and areas for improvement in the management of HR+, HER2- breast cancer using cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-05.
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Antico M, Sasazawa F, Dunnhofer M, Camps SM, Jaiprakash AT, Pandey AK, Crawford R, Carneiro G, Fontanarosa D. Deep Learning-Based Femoral Cartilage Automatic Segmentation in Ultrasound Imaging for Guidance in Robotic Knee Arthroscopy. Ultrasound Med Biol 2020; 46:422-435. [PMID: 31767454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgery used in the treatment of intra-articular knee pathology which may cause unintended damage to femoral cartilage. An ultrasound (US)-guided autonomous robotic platform for knee arthroscopy can be envisioned to minimise these risks and possibly to improve surgical outcomes. The first necessary tool for reliable guidance during robotic surgeries was an automatic segmentation algorithm to outline the regions at risk. In this work, we studied the feasibility of using a state-of-the-art deep neural network (UNet) to automatically segment femoral cartilage imaged with dynamic volumetric US (at the refresh rate of 1 Hz), under simulated surgical conditions. Six volunteers were scanned which resulted in the extraction of 18278 2-D US images from 35 dynamic 3-D US scans, and these were manually labelled. The UNet was evaluated using a five-fold cross-validation with an average of 15531 training and 3124 testing labelled images per fold. An intra-observer study was performed to assess intra-observer variability due to inherent US physical properties. To account for this variability, a novel metric concept named Dice coefficient with boundary uncertainty (DSCUB) was proposed and used to test the algorithm. The algorithm performed comparably to an experienced orthopaedic surgeon, with DSCUB of 0.87. The proposed UNet has the potential to localise femoral cartilage in robotic knee arthroscopy with clinical accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Antico
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - F Sasazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - M Dunnhofer
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - S M Camps
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Oncology Solutions Department, Philips Research, 5656 AE Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - A T Jaiprakash
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; School of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland 16 University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; School of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland 16 University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - R Crawford
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - G Carneiro
- Australian Institute for Machine Learning, School of Computer Science, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - D Fontanarosa
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
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McMahon WA, Schultz AM, Johnson RL, Barnes R, Bohra L, Brayman C, Brock G, Crawford R, Gangar V, Hall G, Hinds P, Jechorek B, Jost-Keating K, Kalinowski R, Kallstrom C, Koschmann C, Lohr J, Luce S, Muzzy T, Pascale J, Planamento I, Post L, Pot ter G, Rule P, Smith J, Van K, Vandre K, Wernberg J, Wil liams J. Evaluation of VIDAS® Salmonella (SLM) Immunoassay Method with Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) Medium for Detection of Salmonella in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/87.4.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to compare the VIDAS Salmonella (SLM) with Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) method for detection of Salmonella in foods to the current standard method presented in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) and the culture method presented in AOAC's Official Methods of Analysis. The VIDAS SLM with RV method uses tetrathionate broth in combination with RV medium in place of selenite cystine broth for selective enrichment, thereby eliminating the hazardous waste issue for laboratories. Twenty five laboratories participated in the evaluation, each testing one or more of 8 test products: nonfat dry milk, dried egg, soy flour, lactic casein, milk chocolate, raw ground pork, raw ground turkey, and raw peeled shrimp. Results of the study showed no significant differences in the numbers of confirmed positive samples with the VIDAS SLM with RV procedure and the BAM/AOAC culture procedure. The VIDAS SLM with RV method was effective for rapid detection of Salmonella in foods. It is recommended that AOAC INTERNATIONAL modify the VIDAS Salmonella SLM procedure to include the RV method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A McMahon
- Silliker, Inc., Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Ann M Schultz
- Silliker, Inc., Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
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Martins F, Couturier DL, de Santiago I, Vias M, Sanders D, Piskorz A, Hall J, Jimenez-Linan M, Hosking K, Crawford R, Brenton J. Combination of mTOR inhibition and paclitaxel as a personalised strategy in the context of MYC-amplified high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz413.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tolaney SM, O'Shaughnessy J, Ackbarali T, Crawford R, Carter JD, Greene L, Sapir T. Treatment patterns and barriers involving the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors for women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
27 Background: For women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) can significantly improve outcomes. However, the most effective uses of CDK4/6i may be limited by barriers including a lack of systems-based pathways and education to guide individualized treatment. In a quality improvement program in 2 healthcare systems, we assessed baseline treatment patterns and barriers involving CDK4/6i use. Methods: Participants were 34 oncologists and team members. At baseline, we administered surveys to assess barriers to prescribing CDK4/6i and audited the EMRs of 100 women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer in each system. EMRs were audited for demographics; disease characteristics; and treatment history, monitoring, and shared decision-making (SDM) involving CDK4/6i. The teams participated in an audit-feedback session and developed action plans for resolving gaps. Results: Overall, 31% of the 200 women received a CDK4/6i, and 13% received a CDK4/6i as second-line therapy. More than 30% of women treated with a CDK4/6i had documentation of only Stage I/II disease. EMR audits revealed low rates of recommended electrolyte monitoring and ECGs (0%), liver function tests (LFT; 44%), and SDM (Table). Surveys were completed by 20 participants. Whereas 80% indicated being likely to recommend a CDK4/6i, they reported barriers of identifying eligible patients (35%) and monitoring for disease progression (45%). A moderate proportion of oncologists reported considering menopausal status (60%) and patient preferences (50%) in CDK4/6i decision-making. Participants developed action plans for improving EMR documentation for disease stage and protocols for monitoring progression. Conclusions: These baseline findings reveal gaps that may inform QI initiatives for promoting the appropriate use of CDK4/6i for women with HR+, HER2- breast cancer. Findings from baseline EMR audits (n = 200). [Table: see text]
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Doward L, Svedsater H, Whalley D, Crawford R, Leather D, Lay-Flurrie J, Bosanquet N. A descriptive follow-up interview study assessing patient-centred outcomes: Salford Lung Study in Asthma (SLS Asthma). NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2019; 29:31. [PMID: 31417102 PMCID: PMC6695403 DOI: 10.1038/s41533-019-0142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Salford Lung Study in Asthma (SLS Asthma) was a multicentre, randomised, controlled, open-label trial that assessed initiating once-daily, single-inhaler fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) 100 μg/25 μg or 200 μg/25 μg versus continuing usual care. A subgroup (n = 400) from SLS Asthma was enrolled in this exploratory, interview-based follow-up study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected via questionnaires. The primary objective was to capture patient-centred outcomes (symptom experience, quality of life [QoL], disease management behaviours) and patient experience. Secondary objectives were to assess the correlation of patient-reported outcomes with pre-defined variables from SLS Asthma (Asthma Control Test [ACT] score). The follow-up sample was representative of the SLS Asthma population; half reported asthma improvement during the study. Breathlessness was the most likely symptom to improve (47.8% of patients reported improvement). Most patients reported ‘no change’ in overall QoL (57.5%) and daily life domains (functioning 66.3%, activities 68.3%, relationships 86.8%, psychological 68.5%). Functioning was reported as the most frequently improved domain (29.8% of patients). Perceived improvement in asthma control (42.5%) and confidence (37.3%) was frequent. ACT responders (defined as patients achieving an ACT score ≥20 and/or an increase of ≥3 in ACT score from baseline at Week 52) were more likely to report asthma improvement (88.7% of patients reporting ‘a lot’ of improvement) than non-responders. Patients’ asthma experiences generally improved during SLS Asthma. Clinical improvements were often associated with perceived improvement by patients, particularly among ACT responders.
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Crawford R, Sims ED, Wang KW, Youssef M, Nadarajah A, Rivas A, Banfield L, Thabane L, Samaan MC. Traditional knowledge-based lifestyle interventions in the prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Indigenous children in Canada: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2019; 8:69. [PMID: 30841917 PMCID: PMC6402164 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-0961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 50% of all youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Canada occurs in Indigenous children. In adults, cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality in First Nations communities, and diabetes is a significant contributor to the risk of developing this disorder. The early onset of diabetes may predispose these children to premature cardiovascular disease and influence their longevity and quality of life. As a result, the implementation of culturally tailored obesity and T2DM primary prevention programs is vital. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of existing traditional knowledge-based lifestyle intervention programs on preventing obesity and T2DM in Indigenous children in Canada. METHODS We will conduct database searches in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials. We will also conduct grey literature searches of central repository of trials ( ClinicalTrials.gov ), ProQuest Dissertations, Theses A&I, and Indigenous studies portal research tools. Reviewers will independently review titles, abstracts, and full-text articles retrieved from databases to assess potentially eligible studies, and relevant articles will be assessed for risk of bias and quality. The primary outcomes include the change in body mass index z-scores or a diagnosis of diabetes. The secondary outcomes include the change in measures of adiposity as well as lifestyle and metabolic profiles. A meta-analysis will be performed if two or more studies have used similar study designs, comparable intervention techniques , similar populations and measured similar outcomes. DISCUSSION This review will provide a summary of current interventions to prevent obesity and T2DM in Indigenous children in Canada and help determine the gaps in the literature so that interventions can be developed to control the surge in pediatric T2DM in Indigenous communities. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42017072781.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Crawford
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Indigenous Undergraduate Summer Research Scholars Program, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - E. Danielle Sims
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Youssef
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Ajantha Nadarajah
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Angelica Rivas
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, St. Joseph’s Health Care, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - M. Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC-3A57, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
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Salathé CR, Melloh M, Crawford R, Scherrer S, Boos N, Elfering A. Treatment Efficacy, Clinical Utility, and Cost-Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Biopsychosocial Rehabilitation Treatments for Persistent Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Global Spine J 2018; 8:872-886. [PMID: 30560041 PMCID: PMC6293434 DOI: 10.1177/2192568218765483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. OBJECTIVES To review the current literature on the treatment efficacy, clinical utility, and cost-effectiveness of multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation (MBR) for patients suffering from persistent (nonspecific) lower back pain (LBP) in relation to pain intensity, disability, health-related quality of life, and work ability/sick leave. METHODS We carried out a systematic search of Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed Central, EMBASE, and PsycINFO for English- and German-language literature published between January 2010 and July 2017. Study selection consisted of exclusion and inclusion phases. After screening for duplication, studies were excluded on the basis of criteria covering study design, number of participants, language of publication, and provision of information about the intervention. All the remaining articles dealing with the efficacy, utility, or cost-effectiveness of intensive (more than 25 hours per week) MBR encompassing at least 3 health domains and cognitive behavioral therapy-based psychological education were included. RESULTS The search retrieved 1199 publications of which 1116 were duplicates or met the exclusion criteria. Seventy of the remaining 83 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria; thus 13 studies were reviewed. All studies reporting changes in pain intensity or disability over 12 months after MBR reported moderate effect sizes and/or p-values for both outcomes. The effects on health-related quality of life were mixed, but MBR substantially reduced costs. Overall MBR produced an enduring improvement in work ability despite controversy and variable results. CONCLUSIONS MBR is an effective treatment for nonspecific LBP, but there is room for improvement in cost-effectiveness and impact on sick leave, where the evidence was less compelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Melloh
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
- Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia,
Australia
| | | | | | - Norbert Boos
- Prodorso Centre for Spinal Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Achim Elfering
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Crawford R, Gizzi L, Dieterich A, Ni Mhuiris Á, Falla D. Age-related changes in trunk muscle activity and spinal and lower limb kinematics during gait. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206514. [PMID: 30408111 PMCID: PMC6224053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of age on spinal muscle activation patterns and its relation to kinematics is poorly understood. We aimed at understanding age-related changes to spine and trunk muscle activity in addition to spinal and lower limb kinematics during treadmill walking under various conditions. An observational study was conducted evaluating asymptomatic young (n = 10; 3F, 7M; 26.3±2.5yrs) and older (n = 9; 3F, 6M; 67.1±4.2yrs) adults’ treadmill walking at 2km/h and 4km/h, each at 0, 1, 5, and 10% inclination. Unilateral (right side) electromyography (EMG) was recorded from deep and superficial multifidus (intramuscular) and erector spinae and abdominal obliques (surface); trunk and leg kinematics were also measured. Muscle activity was characterised by peak amplitude and duration of activity, and the time-point of peak amplitude in the gait cycle (0–100%). Peak activation in older adults was lower for the superficial multifidus (p<0.0001) and higher for the thoracolumbar (p<0.001) and lumbar erector spinae (p<0.01). The duration of activation was longer in older adults for all muscles (p<0.05) except the superficial multifidus, and longer during faster walking for all participants. The time-point of peak amplitude in the gait cycle was earlier in older participants for the external obliques (p<0.05). Walking speed appeared to influence muscle activity more than inclination. Older adults used less spine, trunk and lower limb motion, except at the ankle. Age-related differences within multifidus and between paravertebral and trunk muscles were inconsistent. Walking at 4km/h at 5–10% inclination may specifically target the lumbar paravertebral muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Crawford
- Institute for Health Sciences, Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Gizzi
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Angela Dieterich
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Áine Ni Mhuiris
- Institute for Health Sciences, Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Falla
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Whalley D, Globe G, Crawford R, Doward L, Tafesse E, Brazier J, Price D. Is the EQ-5D fit for purpose in asthma? Acceptability and content validity from the patient perspective. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16:160. [PMID: 30075729 PMCID: PMC6090889 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-018-0970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing emphasis on patient-reported outcomes in health care decision making has prompted greater rigor in the evidence to support the instruments used. Acceptability and content validity are important properties of any measure to ensure it assesses the relevant aspects of the target concept. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability and content validity of the EQ-5D 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) to assess the impact of asthma on patients’ lives. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted with 40 adults with asthma in the United Kingdom. The first 25 interviews used cognitive-debriefing methods to assess the relevance and acceptability of the EQ-5D-5L and two asthma-specific measures for comparison: an asthma-specific, preference-based measure (the Asthma Quality of Life Utility Index–5 Dimensions) and an Asthma Symptom Diary. The final 15 interviews combined concept elicitation to identify patient-perceived asthma impact, and cognitive debriefing to assess relevance and acceptability of the EQ-5D-5L and the Asthma Symptom Diary. Cognitive-debriefing feedback on the content of the measures was collated and summarized descriptively. The concept-elicitation data were analyzed thematically. Results Participants were aged 20 to 57 years and 62.5% were female. Although some participants expressed positive opinions on aspects of the EQ-5D-5L, only the usual activities dimension was consistently considered relevant to participants’ asthma experiences. The mobility and self-care dimensions prompted strong negative reactions from some participants. Variations in interpretation of the mobility dimension and difficulties with multiple concepts in the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions also were noted. Concepts reported by participants as missing included environmental triggers, asthma symptoms, emotions, and sleep. The EQ-5D-5L was the least preferred measure to describe the impact of asthma on participants’ lives. Participants reported shortness of breath and impact on activities as especially salient issues. Conclusions The content of the EQ-5D-5L was poorly aligned with the patient-perceived impact of asthma, and the measure failed to meet basic standards for acceptability and content validity as a measure to assess the impact of asthma from the patient perspective. The shortcomings identified raise concerns regarding the appropriateness of the EQ-5D in asthma and further evaluation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary Globe
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | | | | | | | - John Brazier
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David Price
- Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Moore E, Chandrananda D, Piskorz A, Mouliere F, Goranova T, Addley H, Crawford R, Parkinson C, Rosenfeld N, Brenton J. PO-483 Improved sensitivity for non-invasive diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ensaff H, Crawford R, Russell JM, Barker ME. Preparing and sharing food: a quantitative analysis of a primary school-based food intervention. J Public Health (Oxf) 2018; 39:567-573. [PMID: 27591297 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary schools are increasingly used as arenas for public health initiatives. The aim of this study was to assess a primary school-based food intervention. Methods The intervention comprised timetabled kitchen classroom sessions (90 min, fortnightly). Pupils prepared and cooked food, which they then ate together. Children's relationship with food, including food enjoyment, experience and food neophobia, were addressed at the intervention school (baseline n = 154; follow-up n = 164) and at a matched control school (baseline n = 171; follow-up n = 174). Results Pupils at the intervention school scored significantly higher (M = 3.90, SD = 1.81) for scores on Kitchen Equipment, compared to the control school (M = 3.06, SD = 2.12); and again scored significantly higher (M = 9.34, SD = 3.79) for the overall Cooking Experience Score compared to the control school (M = 7.98, SD = 4.57). Shifts accompanying the intervention in three outcome measures for pupils (taste description, liking for cooking and helping with cooking at home) were also revealed. No main intervention effect for food neophobia and fussiness was found; a close to significant time by intervention interaction (P = 0.053) was evident. Conclusions The study indicates limited but encouraging changes, and contributes to the growing literature regarding school-based food initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ensaff
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS10 2RX, UK
| | - R Crawford
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS10 2RX, UK
| | - J M Russell
- Corporate Information and Computing Services, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS10 2HB, UK
| | - M E Barker
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS10 2RX, UK
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Haas K, Notay M, Rodriguez W, Rolston M, Clark A, Burney W, Newman J, Pedersen T, Crawford R, Dandekar S, Sivamani R. 383 Doxycycline effects on the gut and skin microbiomes and lipidome in acne. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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