1
|
McCarron R, Methven L, Grahl S, Elliott R, Lignou S. Oat-based milk alternatives: the influence of physical and chemical properties on the sensory profile. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1345371. [PMID: 38379545 PMCID: PMC10877596 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1345371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oat-based milk alternatives (OMAs) have become increasingly popular, perhaps due to their low allergenicity and preferred sensory attributes when compared to other milk alternatives. They may also provide health benefits from unique compounds; avenanthramides, avenacosides, and the dietary fibre beta-glucan. This has led to a variety of commercial options becoming available. Being a fairly new product, in comparison to other plant-based milk alternatives (PBMAs), means little research has been undertaken on the sensory profile, and how it is influenced by the physical and chemical properties. Methods This study investigated the sensory, physical and chemical profiles of current commercially available OMAs, that varied in fortification, use of stabilisers, and oat content. The volatile compounds and their respective aromas were analysed using solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used for identification of avenanthramides and avenacosides. Particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were analysed using a Mastersizer and Zetasizer, respectively, with colour analysis carried out using a colourimeter, and viscosity measurements using a rheometer. Descriptive sensory profiling was used to assess the impact on the sensory characteristics of the different samples and the sensory data acquired were correlated with the instrumental data. Results Samples with smaller particle size appeared whiter-both instrumentally and perceptually. The only clear plastic packaged product differed substantially in volatile profile from all other products, with a higher abundance of many volatile compounds, and high overall perceived aroma. Avenanthramides and avenacosides were present in all samples, but differed significantly in abundance between them. Discussion The results suggested smaller particle size leads to whiter colour, whilst differences in processing and packaging may contribute to significant differences in aroma. Astringency did not differ significantly between samples, suggesting that the variation in the concentrations of avenacosides and avenanthramides were below noticeable differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roisin McCarron
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ruan Elliott
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Lignou
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rancati T, Gioscio E, Cicchetti A, Rosenstein B, Seibold P, Avuzzi B, Azria D, Choudhury A, De Ruysscher D, Dunning A, Elliott R, Kerns S, Lambrecht M, Sperk E, Symonds P, Talbot C, Vega A, Veldeman L, Valdagni R, Webb A, Chang-Claude J, West C. MO-0557 Estimates of α/β ratios for individual late urinary toxicity endpoints: analysis of a cohort trial. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Lyon KA, Elliott R, Ware K, Juhasz G, Brown L. Corrigendum to 'Associations between Facets and Aspects of Big Five Personality and Affective Disorders: Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis' [Journal of Affective Disorders Volume 288 (2021), pages 175-188]. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:115. [PMID: 34280786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K A Lyon
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, M13 9PG.
| | - R Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, M13 9PG
| | - K Ware
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL
| | - G Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lje Brown
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lofters AK, O'Brien MA, Sutradhar R, Pinto AD, Baxter NN, Donnelly P, Elliott R, Glazier RH, Huizinga J, Kyle R, Manca D, Pietrusiak MA, Rabeneck L, Riordan B, Selby P, Sivayoganathan K, Snider C, Sopcak N, Thorpe K, Tinmouth J, Wall B, Zuo F, Grunfeld E, Paszat L. Correction to: Building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in public health: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1714. [PMID: 34548061 PMCID: PMC8456665 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A K Lofters
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Peter Gilgan Centre for Women's Cancers, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada. .,ICES, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M A O'Brien
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Sutradhar
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A D Pinto
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - N N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Donnelly
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - R Elliott
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R H Glazier
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Huizinga
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R Kyle
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - D Manca
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - L Rabeneck
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - B Riordan
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - P Selby
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Sivayoganathan
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - C Snider
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - N Sopcak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - K Thorpe
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Tinmouth
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Wall
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Grunfeld
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Paszat
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lofters AK, O'Brien MA, Sutradhar R, Pinto AD, Baxter NN, Donnelly P, Elliott R, Glazier RH, Huizinga J, Kyle R, Manca DM, Pietrusiak MA, Rabeneck L, Riordan B, Selby P, Sivayoganathan K, Snider C, Sopcak N, Thorpe K, Tinmouth J, Wall B, Zuo F, Grunfeld E, Paszat L. Building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in public health: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1496. [PMID: 34344340 PMCID: PMC8329623 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BETTER (Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening in Primary Care) intervention was designed to integrate the approach to chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care and demonstrated effective in a previous randomized trial. METHODS We tested the effectiveness of the BETTER HEALTH intervention, a public health adaptation of BETTER, at improving participation in chronic disease prevention and screening actions for residents of low-income neighbourhoods in a cluster randomized trial, with ten low-income neighbourhoods in Durham Region Ontario randomized to immediate intervention vs. wait-list. The unit of analysis was the individual, and eligible participants were adults age 40-64 years residing in the neighbourhoods. Public health nurses trained as "prevention practitioners" held one prevention-focused visit with each participant. They provided participants with a tailored prevention prescription and supported them to set health-related goals. The primary outcome was a composite index: the number of evidence-based actions achieved at six months as a proportion of those for which participants were eligible at baseline. RESULTS Of 126 participants (60 in immediate arm; 66 in wait-list arm), 125 were included in analyses (1 participant withdrew consent). In both arms, participants were eligible for a mean of 8.6 actions at baseline. At follow-up, participants in the immediate intervention arm met 64.5% of actions for which they were eligible versus 42.1% in the wait-list arm (rate ratio 1.53 [95% confidence interval 1.22-1.84]). CONCLUSION Public health nurses using the BETTER HEALTH intervention led to a higher proportion of identified evidence-based prevention and screening actions achieved at six months for people living with socioeconomic disadvantage. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03052959 , registered February 10, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Lofters
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Peter Gilgan Centre for Women's Cancers, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada. .,ICES, Toronto, Canada. .,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M A O'Brien
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Sutradhar
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A D Pinto
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - N N Baxter
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - R Elliott
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R H Glazier
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Huizinga
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - R Kyle
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - D M Manca
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - L Rabeneck
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - B Riordan
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - P Selby
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Sivayoganathan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - C Snider
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - N Sopcak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - K Thorpe
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Tinmouth
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Wall
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - F Zuo
- Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Grunfeld
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Paszat
- ICES, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bland AR, Zahn R, Elliott R, Taylor JR, Hill J. Patrolling the boundaries of social domains: Neural activations to violations of expectations for romantic and work relationships. Soc Neurosci 2021; 16:513-521. [PMID: 34228605 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.1953134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
According to the social domains hypothesis, we reduce the information-processing demands of complex social cues by classifying them into a limited number of domains, each with distinct sets of expectations. This requires rapid identification of violations of the boundaries between social domains. We hypothesized that these violations are likely to be associated with neural activation of the salience system. Using fMRI we compared responses of 20 adults to expected and unexpected everyday social scenarios in personal and work interactions. The vignettes exemplified different kinds of scenarios presented in the work setting, i.e., task-focused scenarios which are expected at work and scenarios with a personal focus, which are unexpected at work. The key contrast between task and personal focussed scenarios presented in the work setting was associated with fronto-insular activation. Perceived inappropriateness of the unexpected scenarios, and shorter response time to judgment of inappropriateness were also associated with fronto-insular activation, after controlling for unpleasantness. This study indicates specific neural responses to violations of expectations in different social situations. Our findings suggest that the fronto-insular region is implicated in rapid detection of behaviors that cross the boundaries of social domains, which are hypothesized to be necessary for efficient social information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Bland
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - R Zahn
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, UK
| | - R Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester, UK.,Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - J R Taylor
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - J Hill
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gorton HC, Elliott R, Noonan I. Student pharmacists and mental health nurses training together in suicide prevention: an evaluation of interprofessional education. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riab016.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Suicide prevention is a Government priority and affects every sector of society.(1) The role of mental health nurses (MHN) in suicide prevention is more obvious than that of pharmacists. However, the requirement for suicide prevention training in community pharmacy staff has been incentivized in England through its inclusion in the Pharmacy Quality Scheme. (2) There is no standardized requirement for suicide prevention training in the MPharm degree so we curated an interprofessional education (IPE) session involving pharmacy and MHN students in order to learn about suicide prevention in a mutually beneficial way.
Aim
We aimed to evaluate the IPE session to understand the attitudes towards suicide and preparedness to help someone thinking about or planning suicide of both sets of students. We aimed to compare any changes in attitude before and after the session both within and between pharmacy students and MHN students.
Methods
We delivered two IPE sessions on suicide, 3.5 hours in length. Students attended one session. This was compulsory for pharmacy students and optional for MHN students. We evaluated the session through a duplicated, anonymous online survey, via the Qualtrics® platform, at the start and end of the session. Students were informed that this was an optional evaluation. They self-assigned a code that we used to link their answers. We invited students to answer a series of questions to assess their attitudes and preparedness to suicide prevention. We summarised these data using descriptive statistics related to individual statements and composite scores. We used Independent-samples median test and Wilcoxon-Signed Rank Tests to compare data distributions between professional groups before the session, between groups after the session and then to understand change within subject groups, using paired data only.
Results
104 students completed the initial survey of which 46% (n=48) were pharmacy students. MHN students reported being more prepared to respond to suicide (median:14, IQR 12–15) than pharmacy students (median: 8, IQR 6–10). Prior to the session, there were no statistically significant differences in responses to the attitude questions between MHN and pharmacy students, barring one question (‘I don’t feel comfortable assessing someone for suicide risk’). A statistically significant increase in preparedness was reported both pharmacy students (p<0.005) and MHN students (p<0.005), following the session (n=76 in paired analysis). MHN students (median: 15, IQR 15–17) continued to report higher levels of preparedness than pharmacy students (median=13, IQR: 10–15).
Conclusion
We present an innovative session in suicide awareness involving two professional groups. MHN self-reported higher levels of preparedness in suicide prevention than pharmacy students both before and after the session but an improvement was seen in both groups. These results indicate that IPE between MHN and pharmacy students could improve preparedness relating to suicide. More work is needed to explore the optimal content of training and longitudinal impact of training involving more students, as well as understanding if self-reported preparedness translates to professional behaviour, all of which are limitations of the current study
References
1. HM Government H. Preventing suicide in England: Third progress report on the cross-government outcomes strategy to save lives. London: HM Government; 2017.
2. NHS Business Service Authority. Drug Tariff; 2020 [cited 07 Oct 2020]. Available at: https://www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk/pharmacies-gp-practices-and-appliance-contractors/drug-tariff
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C Gorton
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - R Elliott
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - I Noonan
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bland AR, .Roiser JP, Mehta MA, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Elliott R. COVID-19 induced social isolation; implications for understanding social cognition in mental health. Psychol Med 2020; 52:1-2. [PMID: 33028434 PMCID: PMC7591753 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720004006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Bland
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - J. P .Roiser
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - M. A. Mehta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - B. J. Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T. W. Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R. Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bland A, Schei T, Roiser J, Mehta M, Zahn R, Seara-Cardoso A, Viding E, Sahakian B, Robbins T, Elliott R. Agency and intentionality-dependent experiences of moral emotions. Personality and Individual Differences 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
Lyon KA, Juhasz G, Brown LJE, Elliott R. Big Five personality facets explaining variance in anxiety and depressive symptoms in a community sample. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:515-521. [PMID: 32663984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality traits are risk and protective factors in affective disorders. However, few studies have investigated the role of narrow personality facets, with existing research yielding contradictory results. Previous research has mostly focused on simple correlations. Several studies have performed separate multiple regressions within each trait, and have used non-standard measures of personality, making it difficult to determine how individual facets make unique contributions. METHOD This study performed secondary analysis of the NewMood data set (collected 2004-2009), comprising 264 participants from Greater Manchester. Participants provided self-reports of all NEO-PI-R personality facets, and semi-structured questionnaires of clinical depression and anxiety. All personality facets were entered into multiple regressions to explain variance in depression and anxiety. RESULTS Variance in both anxiety and depression were explained by a small number of personality facets, namely facet depression (referring to demotivation), facets positive emotion and assertiveness in extroversion, and facet competence in conscientiousness. LIMITATIONS This study relies on cross-sectional data and cannot determine causation. This study uses a mostly female sample, and the results were not stratified by sex due to the small sample. CONCLUSION Previous studies suggest that broad trait neuroticism positively associates with affective disorders; this study adds that the effect of neuroticism is limited to facet depression (related to demotivation). Contrary to previous studies, no facet of agreeableness or openness explained variance in affective disorders, and facet assertiveness positively associated with affective disorder scores. These findings may help to improve treatment matching and explain the mechanisms through which affective disorders develop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Lyon
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, G.803 Stopford Building Oxford Road, M13 9PG, United Kingdom.
| | - G Juhasz
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, G.803 Stopford Building Oxford Road, M13 9PG, United Kingdom; SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L J E Brown
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - R Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, G.803 Stopford Building Oxford Road, M13 9PG, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Barraclough M, Parker B, Mckie S, Pemberton P, Jackson A, Elliott R, Bruce IN. AB0402 DISEASE ACTIVITY AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more prevalent in systemic autoimmune diseases when compared to healthy controls. This is in part due to inflammatory mechanisms, common across both conditions. Neuroinflammation and specifically problems within the basal ganglia are associated with OCD.Objectives:The primary objective of this analysis was to investigate the effects of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on OCD. Other variables investigated included psychiatric aspects, inflammatory biomarkers and structural brain abnormalities.Methods:SLE patients who met ACR or SLICC criteria were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were collected and data measuring disease activity (BILAG and SLEDAI-2K), disease damage (SLICC-DI), depression (MADRS, BDI-II, HADS), anxiety (HADS, STAI), fatigue (FSMC), quality of life (LupusQoL and EQ5D), inflammatory and endothelial activation (EA) biomarkers (IL-6, ESR, TNF-α, MCP-1, hsCRP, BLyS, VCAM-1, VEGF, EMVs) and OCD (OCI-R). MRI FLAIR structural scans were also used to examine signal hyperintensities in the brain. Participants with active disease (SLE-F) also had a 2ndvisit approx. 4 months later. Non-parametric correlations with the OCI-R were undertaken for all SLE participants and for the change over time scores for the SLE-F participants (n=11).Results:39 participants were included in the analysis and were typical for a SLE population. 6 (23%) patients had scores above the threshold for OCD. OCI-R significantly correlated with disease activity, quality of life, fatigue, depression and anxiety measures for all the SLE participants. Change in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) correlated with the OCI-R for the within SLE-F group analysis (Table 1). No significant correlations were found with the full SLE group for inflammatory or EA biomarkers or with either group for the structural brain analysis.Table 1.Significant correlations with the OCI-R for: a) all SLE participants; b) the SLE-F group only (visit 1 minus visit 2).Variablersp-valuea)All SLE participants, n=39Disease activity: BILAG global score0.4080.01Quality of life: LupusQoL – Physical-0.4950.001 – Pain-0.535<0.001 – Planning-0.586<0.001 – Intimate-0.3420.03 – Burden-0.5040.001 – Emotion-0.3970.01 – Fatigue-0.4710.002 EQ5D: VAS-0.4180.01 total-0.3590.03Fatigue measures (FSMC): Cognitive0.5210.001 Motor0.4480.004Depression measures: MADRS0.4670.003 HADS – D0.545<0.001Anxiety measure: HADS-A0.3750.02b)SLE-F group (v1-v2), n=11Inflammatory marker: MCP-10.7710.006BILAG The British Isles Lupus Assessment Group index, LupusQoL Lupus quality of life, EQ5D European quality of life, VAS visual analogue scale, FSMC Fatigue scale for motor and cognitive function, MADRS Montgomery Asberg depression rating scale, HADS Hospital anxiety and depression scale, D-depression, A-anxiety score, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1Conclusion:OCD in lupus is strongly related to other psychological co-morbidities, fatigue and quality of life. Our results also support a role for inflammatory pathways in mediating some of these changes and so obsessive-compulsive features should be assessed in SLE patients who flare. A larger study is underway to better understand the mechanisms underlying these associations.Acknowledgments:This study was partially funded by an unrestricted grant from Sanofi Genzyme and supported by the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre.Disclosure of Interests: :Michelle Barraclough Grant/research support from: This study was partially funded by an unrestricted grant from Sanofi Genzyme., Ben Parker Grant/research support from: GSK and Sanofi Genzyme, Consultant of: GSK, AstraZenaca, UCV, Abbvie, Pfizer, BMS, Celltrion, Shane McKie: None declared, Philip Pemberton: None declared, Alan Jackson: None declared, Rebecca Elliott: None declared, Ian N. Bruce Grant/research support from: Genzyme Sanofi, GSK, and UCB, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, UCB, Iltoo, and Merck Serono, Speakers bureau: UCB
Collapse
|
12
|
Newsome P, Schattenberg J, Serfaty L, Aghemo A, Augustin S, Tsochatzis E, Canbay A, Ledinghen V, Bugianesi E, Romero-Gomez M, Ryder S, Bantel H, Boursier J, Petta S, Crespo J, Castera L, Leroy V, Le Pen C, Fricke F, Elliott R, Atella V, Mestre-Ferrandiz J, Floros L, Torbica A, Morgan A, Hartmanis S, Trylesinki A, Cure S, Stirzaker E, Vasudevan S, Pezzulo L, Ratziu V. The economic cost and health burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the EU5 countries. Dig Liver Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
13
|
Tomkins NW, Elliott R, McGrath JJ, Schatz T. Managing plasma P concentrations in beef heifers with a slow release vitamin D supplementation. Anim Prod Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/an17601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context In extensive northern grazing systems, supplementation of P is recommended to maximise cattle growth rates and reproduction. Improving the absorption of P for the animal by influencing metabolic pathways has the potential to improve both the productivity and profitability of extensive livestock enterprises. Aims This study evaluated the efficacy of rumen bolus containing 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), commercially available as Hy-D®, and/or monensin on blood P and Ca concentrations in young cattle. Methods A total of 84 heifers, initial liveweight (mean ± s.e.m.) 184 ± 2.0 kg, were allocated to four groups, dosed with one of four slow release bolus: (1) placebo (control), (2) monensin (120 mg/day), (3) Hy-D® (6 mg/day), or (4) monensin with Hy-D®, and managed on a common unimproved native pasture from August 2012 to February 2013. On four occasions postdosing, liveweight, hip height and body condition scores were recorded, and individual faecal and jugular blood samples were collected. Key results Supplementation with monensin had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on average daily gains for the first 25 days. Interactions between 25OHD and monensin and time × monensin were also significant (P < 0.05). After 188 days, heifers receiving monensin or 25OHD + monensin were 5 and 10 kg heavier respectively, compared with their counterparts in the control and 25OHD groups. Plasma P concentrations at 25 days were 6.6 mg/dL, then increased to between 8.5 and 9.0 mg/dL and maintained this level for up to 109 days with a bolus releasing 6.0 mg/day 25OHD. Conclusions The study demonstrated that sustained and elevated plasma concentrations of both 25OHD and P, compared with control animals, can be achieved. The slow release rumen bolus maintained an elevated plasma concentration of 25OHD, and indicated that a target plasma concentration for 25OHD for increasing P absorption in beef cattle is between 200 and 300 ng/mL. Implications Supplementation of a metabolite of vitamin D influences P metabolism in Brahman heifers under grazing conditions. Integration with standard supplementation practices would optimise growth rates and reproductive performance.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rancati T, Seibold P, Webb A, Chang-Claude J, Cicchetti A, Azria D, Elliott R, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Rosenstein B, de Ruysscher D, Symonds P, Talbot C, Vega A, Valdagni R, Veldeman L, West C. Requite Prostate Cohort: Validating Clinical/Dosimetric/Genetic Risk Factors for Late Urinary Toxicity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Sutcliffe J, McLaughlin R, Del Rosso J, Weiss J, Baldwin H, Webster G, Leyden J, Zhao X, Read A, Drlica K, Elliott R, Stuart I. LB1117 Assessing bacterial susceptibility of FMX101 4% topical minocycline foam. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Elliott R, Snowdon J, Halliday G, Hunt GE, Coleman S. Characteristics of animal hoarding cases referred to the RSPCA in New South Wales, Australia. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:149-156. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Elliott
- Sentient, PO Box 223 Oatley New South Wales 2223 Australia
| | - J Snowdon
- Discipline of PsychiatryUniversity of Sydney NSW Australia
- Concord Centre for Mental Health, Sydney Local Health District NSW Australia
| | - G Halliday
- Concord Centre for Mental Health, Sydney Local Health District NSW Australia
| | - GE Hunt
- Discipline of PsychiatryUniversity of Sydney NSW Australia
- Concord Centre for Mental Health, Sydney Local Health District NSW Australia
| | - S Coleman
- Royal Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSW) Sydney NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rancati T, Seibold P, Webb A, Chang-Claude J, Cicchetti A, Azria D, De Ruysscher D, Elliott R, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Rosenstein B, Talbot C, Vega A, Veldeman L, Valdagni R, West C. OC-0161 Validation of clinical/dosimetric/genetic risk factor models for late RT-induced rectal bleeding. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
18
|
Talbot C, Azria D, Burr T, Chang-Claude J, Dunning A, Jacquet MF, Herskind C, De Ruysscher D, Elliott R, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Lambin P, Müller A, Rancati T, Rattay T, Rosenstein B, Seibold P, Valdagni R, Vega A, Veldeman L, Veldwijk M, Wenz F, Webb A, West C. OC-0647 Analysis of biomarkers for late radiotherapy toxicity in the REQUITE project. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
West C, Azria D, Chang-Claude J, De Ruysscher D, Elliott R, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Rancati T, Rosenstein B, Seibold P, Talbot C, Vega A, Veldeman L, Webb A. EP-1663 REQUITE multicentre study of patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast, lung or prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
20
|
Douglas E, Hall M, Needham S, McLoughlin C, Bradshaw S, Elliott R. Implementing a cycle ergometry protocol for patients with critical illness: a service evaluation. Physiotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
21
|
Elliott R, Swishchuk A, Zhang IY. A semi-martingale representation for a semi-Markov chain with application to finance. Theor Probability and Math Statist 2018. [DOI: 10.1090/tpms/1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
22
|
O'Brien M, Lofters A, Wall B, Pinto A, Elliott R, Pietrusiak MA, Snider C, Riordan B, Grunfeld E, Makuwaza T, Sivayoganathan K, Manca D, Sopcak N, Donnelly P, Selby P, Kyle R, Baxter N, Rabeneck L, Cornacchi S, Paszat L. Better Health Durham: Community Engagement in a Cluster RCT of a Prevention Practitioner Intervention in Low-Income Neighbourhoods. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.53100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Building on Existing Tools to Improve Chronic Disease Prevention and Screening (BETTER) intervention has improved uptake of chronic disease prevention and screening activities in primary care. The BETTER intervention consists of 1:1 visits between prevention practitioners (PPs) and patients (40-65 years). It is unknown if an adapted BETTER could be effective in the community with public health nurses as PPs. Aim: The presentation objective is to describe community engagement strategies in a cluster RCT in low income neighborhoods with low cancer screening rates and low uptake of primary care. Methods: Principles of community-based participatory research were used to design the community engagement strategy in Durham region, Ontario. Key elements included close collaboration with public health partners to identify stakeholders and creating a community advisory committee (CAC) and a primary care engagement group to provide advice. Results: We identified 15 community stakeholder groups (∼47 subgroups) including service organizations, faith groups, and charitable organizations representing diverse constituents. Community outreach activities included in-person meetings and information displays at local events. The CAC is comprised of members of the public and representatives from primary care, social services, and community organizations. The CAC and primary care engagement groups have provided advice on trial recruitment strategies and on the design of the PP visit. Conclusion: The partnership between public health, primary care, and the study team has been crucial to connect with community stakeholders. Community engagement is essential in raising awareness about the study and will contribute to successful recruitment. Trial Registration: NCT03052959
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M.A. O'Brien
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - A. Lofters
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - B. Wall
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - A.D. Pinto
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Elliott
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | | | - C. Snider
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - B. Riordan
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - E. Grunfeld
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - T. Makuwaza
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - D. Manca
- University of Alberta, Family Medicine, Edmonton, Canada
| | - N. Sopcak
- University of Alberta, Family Medicine, Edmonton, Canada
| | - P. Donnelly
- University of Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - P. Selby
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Kyle
- Durham Region Health Department, Whitby, Canada
| | - N. Baxter
- St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - L. Rabeneck
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Toronto, Canada
| | - S. Cornacchi
- University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - L. Paszat
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Talbot C, Azria D, Burr T, Chang-Claude J, Dunning A, Herskind C, De Ruysscher D, Elliott R, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Lambin P, Müller A, Rancati T, Rosenstein B, Rattay T, Seibold P, Veldeman L, Vega A, Wenz F, Valdagni R, Webb A, West C. SP-0483: The REQUITE project: integrating biomarkers and clinical predictors of radiotherapy side effects. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
24
|
West C, Elliott R, Talbot C, Webb A, Seibold P, Azria D, De Ruysscher D, Symonds R, Veldeman L, Rosenstein B, Lambin P, Burr T, Gutiérrez Enríquez S, Rancati T, Vega A, Chang-Claude J. OC-0154: REQUITE Big Data Resource for Validating Predictive Models and Biomarkers of Radiotherapy Toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- R. P. Antunes
- Department of Psychology, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - C. M. D. Sales
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences at the University of Porto (FPCEUP), Center for Psychologyat the University of Porto (CPUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - R. Elliott
- School of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Miskowiak KW, Svendsen AMB, Harmer CJ, Elliott R, Macoveanu J, Siebner HR, Kessing LV, Vinberg M. Differences in neural and cognitive response to emotional faces in middle-aged dizygotic twins at familial risk of depression. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2345-2357. [PMID: 28397623 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative bias and aberrant neural processing of emotional faces are trait-marks of depression but findings in healthy high-risk groups are conflicting. METHODS Healthy middle-aged dizygotic twins (N = 42) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): 22 twins had a co-twin history of depression (high-risk) and 20 were without co-twin history of depression (low-risk). During fMRI, participants viewed fearful and happy faces while performing a gender discrimination task. After the scan, they were given a faces dot-probe task, a facial expression recognition task and questionnaires assessing mood, personality traits and coping. RESULTS Unexpectedly, high-risk twins showed reduced fear vigilance and lower recognition of fear and happiness relative to low-risk twins. During face processing in the scanner, high-risk twins displayed distinct negative functional coupling between the amygdala and ventral prefrontal cortex and pregenual anterior cingulate. This was accompanied by greater fear-specific fronto-temporal response and reduced fronto-occipital response to all emotional faces relative to baseline. The risk groups showed no differences in mood, subjective state or coping. CONCLUSIONS Less susceptibility to fearful faces and negative cortico-limbic coupling during emotional face processing may reflect neurocognitive compensatory mechanisms in middle-aged dizygotic twins who remain healthy despite their familial risk of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K W Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre,Copenhagen Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet,Denmark
| | - A M B Svendsen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre,Copenhagen Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet,Denmark
| | - C J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,UK
| | - R Elliott
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester,UK
| | - J Macoveanu
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre,Copenhagen Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet,Denmark
| | - H R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre,Denmark
| | - L V Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre,Copenhagen Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet,Denmark
| | - M Vinberg
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre,Copenhagen Psychiatric Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet,Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Savulich G, Riccelli R, Passamonti L, Correia M, Deakin J, Elliott R, Flechais R, Lingford-Hughes A, McGonigle J, Murphy A, Nutt N, Orban C, Paterson L, Reed L, Smith D, Suckling J, Tait R, Taylor E, Sahakian B, Robbins T, Ersche K. S24-2THE ICCAM PLATFORM: TO INVESTIGATE THE NEUROPHARMACOLOGY OF BRAIN PROCESSES RELEVANT TO ADDICTION. Alcohol Alcohol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx075.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
28
|
Shah N, Meira L, Elliott R, Bordin D, Forrer-Charlier C, Williams M, Jacques A, Mahmoudi M. DNA repair measuring DNA ligase activity in non ST-elevation myocardial infarction determines atherosclerotic plaque instability. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
Tripkovic L, Wilson LR, Hart K, Johnsen S, de Lusignan S, Smith CP, Bucca G, Penson S, Chope G, Elliott R, Hyppönen E, Berry JL, Lanham-New SA. Daily supplementation with 15 μg vitamin D 2 compared with vitamin D 3 to increase wintertime 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in healthy South Asian and white European women: a 12-wk randomized, placebo-controlled food-fortification trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:481-490. [PMID: 28679555 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.138693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are conflicting views in the literature as to whether vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 are equally effective in increasing and maintaining serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], particularly at lower doses of vitamin D.Objective: We aimed to investigate whether vitamin D2 or vitamin D3 fortified in juice or food, at a relatively low dose of 15 μg/d, was effective in increasing serum total 25(OH)D and to compare their respective efficacy in South Asian and white European women over the winter months within the setting of a large randomized controlled trial.Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled food-fortification trial was conducted in healthy South Asian and white European women aged 20-64 y (n = 335; Surrey, United Kingdom) who consumed placebo, juice supplemented with 15 μg vitamin D2, biscuit supplemented with 15 μg vitamin D2, juice supplemented with 15 μg vitamin D3, or biscuit supplemented with 15 μg vitamin D3 daily for 12 wk. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and at weeks 6 and 12 of the study.Results: Postintervention in the 2 ethnic groups combined, both the vitamin D3 biscuit and the vitamin D3 juice groups showed a significantly greater absolute incremental change (Δ) in total 25(OH)D when compared with the vitamin D2 biscuit group [Δ (95% CI): 15.3 nmol/L (7.4, 23.3 nmol/L) (P < 0.0003) and 16.0 nmol/L (8.0, 23.9 nmol/L) ( P < 0.0001)], the vitamin D2 juice group [Δ (95% CI): 16.3 nmol/L (8.4, 24.2 nmol/L) (P < 0.0001) and 16.9 nmol/L (9.0, 24.8 nmol/L) (P < 0.0001)], and the placebo group [Δ (95% CI): 42.3 nmol/L (34.4, 50.2 nmol/L) (P < 0.0001) and 42.9 nmol/L (35.0, 50.8 nmol/L) (P < 0.0002)].Conclusions: With the use of a daily dose of vitamin D relevant to public health recommendations (15 μg) and in vehicles relevant to food-fortification strategies, vitamin D3 was more effective than vitamin D2 in increasing serum 25(OH)D in the wintertime. Vitamin D3 may therefore be a preferential form to optimize vitamin D status within the general population. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN23421591.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Simon de Lusignan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Giselda Bucca
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Penson
- Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Chope
- Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elina Hyppönen
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; and
| | - Jacqueline L Berry
- Vitamin D Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cross A, George J, Woodward M, Ames D, Brodaty H, Wolfe R, Connors M, Elliott R. POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATION AND MORTALITY IN OLDER PEOPLE ATTENDING MEMORY CLINICS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A.J. Cross
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
| | - J. George
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
| | - M. Woodward
- Medical and Cognitive Research Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia,
| | - D. Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George’s Hospital, Kew, Victoria, Australia,
| | - H. Brodaty
- Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Center for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - R. Wolfe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - M. Connors
- Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Center for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - R. Elliott
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,
- Pharmacy Department, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Workman CI, Lythe KE, McKie S, Moll J, Gethin JA, Deakin JFW, Elliott R, Zahn R. A novel resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signature of resilience to recurrent depression. Psychol Med 2017; 47:597-607. [PMID: 27821193 PMCID: PMC5426313 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high proportion of patients with remitted major depressive disorder (MDD) will experience recurring episodes, whilst some develop resilience and remain in recovery. The neural basis of resilience to recurrence is elusive. Abnormal resting-state connectivity of the subgenual cingulate cortex (sgACC) was previously found in cross-sectional studies of MDD, suggesting its potential pathophysiological importance. The current study aimed to investigate whether resting-state connectivity to a left sgACC seed region distinguishes resilient patients from those developing recurring episodes. METHOD A total of 47 medication-free remitted MDD patients and 38 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline. Over 14 months, 30 patients remained resilient whilst 17 experienced a recurring episode. RESULTS Attenuated interhemispheric left-to-right sgACC connectivity distinguished the resilient from the recurring-episode and control groups and was not correlated with residual depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The current study revealed a neural signature of resilience to recurrence in MDD and thereby elucidates the role of compensatory adaptation in sgACC networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. I. Workman
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Brain, Behaviour
and Mental Health, Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,
Manchester, UK
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Psychological
Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - K. E. Lythe
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Psychological
Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - S. McKie
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Brain, Behaviour
and Mental Health, Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - J. Moll
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience
Unit, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR),
Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
| | - J. A. Gethin
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Psychological
Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - J. F. W. Deakin
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Brain, Behaviour
and Mental Health, Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - R. Elliott
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Brain, Behaviour
and Mental Health, Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,
Manchester, UK
| | - R. Zahn
- The University of Manchester & Manchester
Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Psychological
Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit,
Manchester, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience,
Centre for Affective Disorders, King's College
London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Savulich G, Riccelli R, Passamonti L, Correia M, Deakin JFW, Elliott R, Flechais RSA, Lingford-Hughes AR, McGonigle J, Murphy A, Nutt DJ, Orban C, Paterson LM, Reed LJ, Smith DG, Suckling J, Tait R, Taylor EM, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Ersche KD. Effects of naltrexone are influenced by childhood adversity during negative emotional processing in addiction recovery. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1054. [PMID: 28267152 PMCID: PMC5416677 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist used in the management of alcohol dependence. Although the endogenous opioid system has been implicated in emotion regulation, the effects of mu-opioid receptor blockade on brain systems underlying negative emotional processing are not clear in addiction. Individuals meeting criteria for alcohol dependence alone (n=18, alcohol) and in combination with cocaine and/or opioid dependence (n=21, alcohol/drugs) and healthy individuals without a history of alcohol or drug dependence (n=21) were recruited. Participants were alcohol and drug abstinent before entered into this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate brain response while viewing aversive and neutral images relative to baseline on 50 mg of naltrexone and placebo. We found that naltrexone modulated task-related activation in the medial prefrontal cortex and functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus as a function of childhood adversity (for aversive versus neutral images) in all groups. Furthermore, there was a group-by-treatment-by-condition interaction in the right amygdala, which was mainly driven by a normalization of response for aversive relative to neutral images under naltrexone in the alcohol/drugs group. We conclude that early childhood adversity is one environmental factor that influences pharmacological response to naltrexone. Pharmacotherapy with naltrexone may also have some ameliorative effects on negative emotional processing in combined alcohol and drug dependence, possibly due to alterations in endogenous opioid transmission or the kappa-opioid receptor antagonist actions of naltrexone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Savulich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Riccelli
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - L Passamonti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Correia
- Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, UK
| | - J F W Deakin
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R Elliott
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R S A Flechais
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - J McGonigle
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Murphy
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - D J Nutt
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Orban
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L M Paterson
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L J Reed
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D G Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Tait
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E M Taylor
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - B J Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T W Robbins
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K D Ersche
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK. E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shah N, Meira L, Elliott R, Bordin D, Forrer-Charlier C, Williams M, Mahmoudi M. CRT-600.17 DNA Ligase Activity Measuring DNA Repair Determines Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability In Acute Coronary Syndrome. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2016.12.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
34
|
Schlaich M, Rudnicka C, Herat L, Hricova J, Elliott R, Matthews V. Bi-Directional Interaction Between the Sympathetic Nervous System and SGLT-2 Regulation. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Hamed QS, Elliott R. The Dependence of Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing on Solidification Conditions—II. Al-7 Si-0.5 Mg Alloys treated with Sr and Sb. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09534962.1993.11819125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
36
|
Barraclough M, Bruce I, McKie S, Parker B, Elliott R. SAT0281 Compensatory Brain Mechanisms To Maintain Cognitive Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
37
|
Eszlari N, Kovacs D, Petschner P, Pap D, Gonda X, Elliott R, Anderson IM, Deakin JFW, Bagdy G, Juhasz G. Distinct effects of folate pathway genes MTHFR and MTHFD1L on ruminative response style: a potential risk mechanism for depression. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e745. [PMID: 26926881 PMCID: PMC4872445 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the folate pathway have been related to both major depression and cognitive inflexibility; however, they have not been investigated in the genetic background of ruminative response style, which is a form of perseverative cognition and a risk factor for depression. In the present study, we explored the association of rumination (measured by the Ruminative Responses Scale) with polymorphisms of two distinct folate pathway genes, MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T) and MTHFD1L rs11754661, in a combined European white sample from Budapest, Hungary (n=895) and Manchester, United Kingdom (n=1309). Post hoc analysis investigated whether the association could be replicated in each of the two samples, and the relationship between folate pathway genes, rumination, lifetime depression and Brief Symptom Inventory depression score. Despite its functional effect on folate metabolism, the MTHFR rs1801133 showed no effect on rumination. However, the A allele of MTHFD1L rs11754661 was significantly associated with greater rumination, and this effect was replicated in both the Budapest and Manchester samples. In addition, rumination completely mediated the effects of MTHFD1L rs11754661 on depression phenotypes. These findings suggest that the MTHFD1L gene, and thus the C1-THF synthase enzyme of the folate pathway localized in mitochondria, has an important effect on the pathophysiology of depression through rumination, and maybe via this cognitive intermediate phenotype on other mental and physical disorders. Further research should unravel whether the reversible metabolic effect of MTHFD1L is responsible for increased rumination or other long-term effects on brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Nagyvarad ter 4, Budapest 1089, Hungary. E-mail:
| | - D Kovacs
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Petschner
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Pap
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - X Gonda
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Clinical and Theoretical Mental Health, Kutvolgyi Clinical Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - I M Anderson
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - J F W Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK,Manchester Mental Health and Social Care Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - G Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK,MTA-SE-NAP B Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Barraclough M, Elliott R, McKie S, Parker B, Bruce IN. Cognitive dysfunction and functional magnetic resonance imaging in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2015; 24:1239-47. [PMID: 26124237 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315593819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a common aspect of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is increasingly reported as a problem by patients. In many cases the exact cause is unclear. Limited correlations between specific autoantibodies or structural brain abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in SLE have been reported. It may be that the most appropriate biomarkers have yet to be found. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique used in many other conditions and provides sensitive measures of brain functionality during cognitive tasks. It is now beginning to be employed in SLE studies. These studies have shown that patients with SLE often perform similarly to healthy controls in terms of behavioural measures on cognitive tasks. However, SLE patients appear to employ compensatory brain mechanisms, such as increased response in fronto-parietal regions, to maintain adequate cognitive performance. As there have been only a few studies using fMRI in SLE to investigate cognitive dysfunction, many questions remain unanswered. Further research could, however, help to identify biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Barraclough
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - R Elliott
- NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain and Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, UK and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
| | - S McKie
- NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Brain and Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, UK and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
| | - B Parker
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - I N Bruce
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, UK NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bean NG, Elliott R, Eshragh A, Ross JV. On Binomial Observations of Continuous-Time Markovian Population Models. J Appl Probab 2015. [DOI: 10.1239/jap/1437658609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we consider a class of stochastic processes based on binomial observations of continuous-time, Markovian population models. We derive the conditional probability mass function of the next binomial observation given a set of binomial observations. For this purpose, we first find the conditional probability mass function of the underlying continuous-time Markovian population model, given a set of binomial observations, by exploiting a conditional Bayes' theorem from filtering, and then use the law of total probability to find the former. This result paves the way for further study of the stochastic process introduced by the binomial observations. We utilize our results to show that binomial observations of the simple birth process are non-Markovian.
Collapse
|
40
|
Barraclough M, Elliott R, McKie S, Parker B, Bruce I. SAT0411 Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An FMRI Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
41
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typically poor outcomes of schizophrenia could be improved through interventions that reduce cardiometabolic risk, negative symptoms and cognitive deficits; aspects of the illness which often go untreated. The present review and meta-analysis aimed to establish the effectiveness of exercise for improving both physical and mental health outcomes in schizophrenia patients. METHOD We conducted a systematic literature search to identify all studies that examined the physical or mental effects of exercise interventions in non-affective psychotic disorders. Of 1581 references, 20 eligible studies were identified. Data on study design, sample characteristics, outcomes and feasibility were extracted from all studies and systematically reviewed. Meta-analyses were also conducted on the physical and mental health outcomes of randomized controlled trials. RESULTS Exercise interventions had no significant effect on body mass index, but can improve physical fitness and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Psychiatric symptoms were significantly reduced by interventions using around 90 min of moderate-to-vigorous exercise per week (standardized mean difference: 0.72, 95% confidence interval -1.14 to -0.29). This amount of exercise was also reported to significantly improve functioning, co-morbid disorders and neurocognition. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that implement a sufficient dose of exercise, in supervised or group settings, can be feasible and effective interventions for schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Firth
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester,UK
| | - J Cotter
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester,UK
| | - R Elliott
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester,UK
| | - P French
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West NHS Mental Health Trust,UK
| | - A R Yung
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester,UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Talbot C, Azria D, Brookes A, Burr T, ChangClaude J, Davidson S, De uysscher D, Dunning A, Elliott R, Gutiérrez Enríquez S, Lambin P, Rancati T, Rosenstein B, Seibold P, Symonds R, Thierens H, Valdagni R, Vega A, Wenz F, Yuille M, West C. SP-0169: Validating predictive models and biomarkers for radiotherapy toxicity: the REQUITE project. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
43
|
Pulcu E, Thomas EJ, Trotter PD, McFarquhar M, Juhasz G, Sahakian BJ, Deakin JFW, Anderson IM, Zahn R, Elliott R. Social-economical decision making in current and remitted major depression. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1301-1313. [PMID: 25300570 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosocial emotions related to self-blame are important in guiding human altruistic decisions. These emotions are elevated in major depressive disorder (MDD), such that MDD has been associated with guilt-driven pathological hyper-altruism. However, the impact of such emotional impairments in MDD on different types of social decision-making is unknown. METHOD In order to address this issue, we investigated different kinds of altruistic behaviour (interpersonal cooperation and fund allocation, altruistic punishment and charitable donation) in 33 healthy subjects, 35 patients in full remission (unmedicated) and 24 currently depressed patients (11 on medication) using behavioural-economical paradigms. RESULTS We show a significant main effect of clinical status on altruistic decisions (p = 0.04) and a significant interaction between clinical status and type of altruistic decisions (p = 0.03). More specifically, symptomatic patients defected significantly more in the Prisoner's Dilemma game (p < 0.05) and made significantly lower charitable donations, whether or not these incurred a personal cost (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Currently depressed patients also reported significantly higher guilt elicited by receiving unfair financial offers in the Ultimatum Game (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Currently depressed individuals were less altruistic in both a charitable donation and an interpersonal cooperation task. Taken together, our results challenge the guilt-driven pathological hyper-altruism hypothesis in depression. There were also differences in both current and remitted patients in the relationship between altruistic behaviour and pathological self-blaming, suggesting an important role for these emotions in moral and social decision-making abnormalities in depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Pulcu
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - E J Thomas
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - P D Trotter
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - M McFarquhar
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - G Juhasz
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - B J Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry and MRC Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute,The University of Cambridge,Cambridge,UK
| | - J F W Deakin
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - I M Anderson
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - R Zahn
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - R Elliott
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jackisch C, Kim SB, Semiglazov V, Melichar B, Pivot X, Hillenbach C, Stroyakovskiy D, Lum BL, Elliott R, Weber HA, Ismael G. Subcutaneous versus intravenous formulation of trastuzumab for HER2-positive early breast cancer: updated results from the phase III HannaH study. Ann Oncol 2014; 26:320-5. [PMID: 25403587 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HannaH (NCT00950300) was a phase III, randomized, international, open-label study that compared pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy, and safety of two different trastuzumab formulations [subcutaneous (s.c.) and intravenous (i.v.)] in HER2-positive, operable, locally advanced, or inflammatory breast cancer in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting. The co-primary end points, to show noninferiority of s.c. versus i.v. trastuzumab in terms of serum concentration (Ctrough) and pathologic complete response (pCR) were met; safety profiles were comparable at 12 months' median follow-up. Secondary end points included safety and tolerability, PK profile, immunogenicity, and event-free survival (EFS). We now report updated safety and efficacy data after a median follow-up of 20 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (N = 596) were treated with eight cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, administered concurrently with 3-weekly s.c. trastuzumab (fixed dose of 600 mg) or the standard weight-based i.v. method. Following surgery, patients continued trastuzumab treatment to complete 1 year of therapy. Updated analyses of PK, efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity data were carried out. RESULTS s.c. trastuzumab was generally well tolerated and the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including grade 3 or 4 AEs, between treatment groups was comparable. A slightly higher incidence of serious AEs (SAEs), mainly due to infections, was reported with s.c. treatment {64 [21.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.0%-26.7%] versus 42 (14.1%; 95% CI 10.4%-18.6%) in the i.v. group}; however, the differences were small and often based on rare events, with no observable pattern across reported events. An early analysis of EFS showed rates of 95% in both groups 1 year postrandomization. Exploratory analyses did not reveal an association between toxicity and body weight or exposure. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the safety profile of s.c. trastuzumab was consistent with the previously published data from HannaH and the known safety profile of i.v. trastuzumab. EFS rates were comparable between the i.v. and s.c. groups. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT00950300.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Jackisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Breast Cancer and Gynecology Cancer Center, Sana Klinikum Offenbach GmbH, Offenbach, Germany
| | - S-B Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - V Semiglazov
- Department of Surgery, NN Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - B Melichar
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University Medical School and Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - X Pivot
- Chemotherapy-Oncology, CHU Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - C Hillenbach
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Stroyakovskiy
- Chemotherapeutic Department, City Clinical Oncology Hospital 62, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - R Elliott
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, South San Francisco, USA
| | - H A Weber
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Ismael
- Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jaú, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pulcu E, Trotter PD, Thomas EJ, McFarquhar M, Juhasz G, Sahakian BJ, Deakin JFW, Zahn R, Anderson IM, Elliott R. Temporal discounting in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2014; 44:1825-1834. [PMID: 24176142 PMCID: PMC4035754 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291713002584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormalities in financial reward processing. Previous research suggests that patients with MDD show reduced sensitivity to frequency of financial rewards. However, there is a lack of conclusive evidence from studies investigating the evaluation of financial rewards over time, an important aspect of reward processing that influences the way people plan long-term investments. Beck's cognitive model posits that patients with MDD hold a negative view of the future that may influence the amount of resources patients are willing to invest into their future selves. METHOD We administered a delay discounting task to 82 participants: 29 healthy controls, 29 unmedicated participants with fully remitted MDD (rMDD) and 24 participants with current MDD (11 on medication). RESULTS Patients with current MDD, relative to remitted patients and healthy subjects, discounted large-sized future rewards at a significantly higher rate and were insensitive to changes in reward size from medium to large. There was a main effect of clinical group on discounting rates for large-sized rewards, and discounting rates for large-sized rewards correlated with severity of depressive symptoms, particularly hopelessness. CONCLUSIONS Higher discounting of delayed rewards in MDD seems to be state dependent and may be a reflection of depressive symptoms, specifically hopelessness. Discounting distant rewards at a higher rate means that patients are more likely to choose immediate financial options. Such impairments related to long-term investment planning may be important for understanding value-based decision making in MDD, and contribute to ongoing functional impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Pulcu
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - P. D. Trotter
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - E. J. Thomas
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - M. McFarquhar
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - G. Juhasz
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B. J. Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, and MRC Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - J. F. W. Deakin
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - R. Zahn
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- School of Psychological Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - I. M. Anderson
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - R. Elliott
- School of Medicine, Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sattar A, Saleem A, Pettorini B, Pizer B, Bhatti I, Narenthiran G, Mallucci C, Hoffmann A, Gebhardt U, Sterkenburg A, Warmuth-Metz M, Muller HL, Postma FP, Hoffmann A, Gebhardt U, Muller HL, Hoffmann A, Warmuth-Metz M, Gebhardt U, Pietsch T, Pohl F, Kortmann RD, Calaminus G, Muller HL, Sterkenburg AS, Hoffmann A, Gebhardt U, Muller HL, Muller HL, Gebhardt U, Faldum A, Warmuth-Metz M, Pietsch T, Pohl F, Calaminus G, Perelberg D, Morillon P, Ederies A, Aquilina K, Dorward N, Michalski A, Hargrave D, Chang YC, Bozorgi N, James S, Korbonits M, Drake W, Akker S, Mallucci C, Pizer B, Blair J, Kamaly I, Clayton P, Spoudeas H, Wisoff J, Elliott R, Gump J, Donson A, Birks D, Handler M, Foreman N, Hankinson T. CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
47
|
Arnone D, McKie S, Elliott R, Juhasz G, Thomas EJ, Downey D, Williams S, Deakin JFW, Anderson IM. State-dependent changes in hippocampal grey matter in depression. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:1265-72. [PMID: 23128153 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced hippocampal volume has been reported in depression and may be involved in the aetiology of depressive symptoms and vulnerability to depressive relapse. Neuroplasticity following antidepressant drug treatment in the hippocampus has been demonstrated in animal models but adaptive changes after such treatment have not been shown in humans. In this study, we determined whether grey matter loss in the hippocampus in depression (1) is present in medication-free depressed (2) changes in response to antidepressant treatment and (3) is present as a stable trait in medication-free remitted patients. Sixty-four medication-free unipolar depressed patients: 39 currently depressed and 25 in remission, and 66 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging in a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Thirty-two currently depressed participants were then treated with the antidepressant citalopram for 8 weeks. Adherence to treatment was evaluated by measuring plasma citalopram concentration. We measured regional variation in grey matter concentration by using voxel-based morphometry-Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie algebra. Patients with current depression had bilaterally reduced grey matter in the hippocampus compared with HC and untreated patients in stable remission with the latter groups not differing. An increase in grey matter was observed in the hippocampus following treatment with citalopram in currently depressed patients. Grey matter reduction in the hippocampus appears specific to the depressed state and is a potential biomarker for a depressive episode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Arnone
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Postel-Vinay S, Bajrami I, Friboulet L, Elliott R, Fontebasso Y, Dorvault N, Olaussen KA, André F, Soria JC, Lord CJ, Ashworth A. A high-throughput screen identifies PARP1/2 inhibitors as a potential therapy for ERCC1-deficient non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2013; 32:5377-87. [PMID: 23934192 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a DNA repair enzyme that is frequently defective in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although low ERCC1 expression correlates with platinum sensitivity, the clinical effectiveness of platinum therapy is limited, highlighting the need for alternative treatment strategies. To discover new mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for ERCC1-defective tumours, we performed high-throughput drug screens in an isogenic NSCLC model of ERCC1 deficiency and dissected the mechanism underlying ERCC1-selective effects by studying molecular biomarkers of tumour cell response. The high-throughput screens identified multiple clinical poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and 2 (PARP1/2) inhibitors, such as olaparib (AZD-2281), niraparib (MK-4827) and BMN 673, as being selective for ERCC1 deficiency. We observed that ERCC1-deficient cells displayed a significant delay in double-strand break repair associated with a profound and prolonged G₂/M arrest following PARP1/2 inhibitor treatment. Importantly, we found that ERCC1 isoform 202, which has recently been shown to mediate platinum sensitivity, also modulated PARP1/2 sensitivity. A PARP1/2 inhibitor-synthetic lethal siRNA screen revealed that ERCC1 deficiency was epistatic with homologous recombination deficiency. However, ERCC1-deficient cells did not display a defect in RAD51 foci formation, suggesting that ERCC1 might be required to process PARP1/2 inhibitor-induced DNA lesions before DNA strand invasion. PARP1 silencing restored PARP1/2 inhibitor resistance in ERCC1-deficient cells but had no effect in ERCC1-proficient cells, supporting the hypothesis that PARP1 might be required for the ERCC1 selectivity of PARP1/2 inhibitors. This study suggests that PARP1/2 inhibitors as a monotherapy could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for NSCLC patients with ERCC1-deficient tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Postel-Vinay
- 1] The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre and CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK [2] Département de médecine-Unité INSERM 981, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Khanna A, Mansuri S, Mortimore S, De M, Elliott R, Sharp J. Underreporting of mortality from head and neck carcinoma: our experience at a tertiary head and neck cancer unit. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 38:103-4. [PMID: 23418977 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
50
|
|