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Giri NA, Gaikwad P, Gaikwad NN, Manjunatha N, Krishnakumar T, Kad V, Raigond P, Suryavanshi S, Marathe RA. Development of fiber-enriched muffins using pomegranate peel powder and its effect on physico-chemical properties and shelf life of the muffins. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:2346-2358. [PMID: 37975745 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pomegranate peel is a by-product from the pomegranate processing industries and is a rich source of dietary fibers and bioactive compounds. It has good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In the present study, the effects of substitution of refined wheat flour with pomegranate peel powder (PPP) at a rate of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% on the physico-chemical and sensorial properties as well as on the oxidative and microbial stability of muffins were investigated. RESULTS A significant reduction in specific volume (1.99 to 1.57 cm3 g-1 ), weight loss (11.73 to 10.14 g 100 g-1 ) and an increase in crumb hardness (633.06 to 2311.5 g) of muffins were observed on addition of PPP. Moreover, the nutritional value was improved by a significant increase in the fiber content (4.39 to 10.66%), total phenols (0.443 to 48.53 mg GAE 100 g-1 ), antioxidant activity (75.94% to 99.36%), calcium (200.33 to 294.33 mg 100 g-1 ), potassium (227.33 to 425.33 mg 100 g-1 ) and magnesium (96.33 to 288.33 mg 100 g-1 ). The pasting and rheological properties of muffin batter showed a significant decrease in the final and peak viscosity, as well as increase in storage, loss and complex modulus. The muffin samples were organoleptically acceptable up to a level of 8% PPP. Free fatty acid content, peroxide value and microbial count of the muffin with 8% PPP were significantly lower compared to the control sample and more oxidatively and microbially stable for a storage period of 21 and 28 days at ambient and refrigerated temperatures, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study provides the opportunity to use PPP as functional ingredients and natural preservative in the preparation of muffins. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata A Giri
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur, India
| | - Prasad Gaikwad
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur, India
| | | | | | - Thulasimani Krishnakumar
- Division of Crop Utilization, ICAR - Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Vikram Kad
- Department of Agrilcultural Process Engineering, Dr A. S. College of Agril. Engineering and Technology, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ahmednagar, India
| | - Pinky Raigond
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur, India
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McCarron R, Methven L, Grahl S, Elliott R, Lignou S. Oat-based milk alternatives: the influence of physical and chemical properties on the sensory profile. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1345371. [PMID: 38379545 PMCID: PMC10877596 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1345371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oat-based milk alternatives (OMAs) have become increasingly popular, perhaps due to their low allergenicity and preferred sensory attributes when compared to other milk alternatives. They may also provide health benefits from unique compounds; avenanthramides, avenacosides, and the dietary fibre beta-glucan. This has led to a variety of commercial options becoming available. Being a fairly new product, in comparison to other plant-based milk alternatives (PBMAs), means little research has been undertaken on the sensory profile, and how it is influenced by the physical and chemical properties. Methods This study investigated the sensory, physical and chemical profiles of current commercially available OMAs, that varied in fortification, use of stabilisers, and oat content. The volatile compounds and their respective aromas were analysed using solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used for identification of avenanthramides and avenacosides. Particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were analysed using a Mastersizer and Zetasizer, respectively, with colour analysis carried out using a colourimeter, and viscosity measurements using a rheometer. Descriptive sensory profiling was used to assess the impact on the sensory characteristics of the different samples and the sensory data acquired were correlated with the instrumental data. Results Samples with smaller particle size appeared whiter-both instrumentally and perceptually. The only clear plastic packaged product differed substantially in volatile profile from all other products, with a higher abundance of many volatile compounds, and high overall perceived aroma. Avenanthramides and avenacosides were present in all samples, but differed significantly in abundance between them. Discussion The results suggested smaller particle size leads to whiter colour, whilst differences in processing and packaging may contribute to significant differences in aroma. Astringency did not differ significantly between samples, suggesting that the variation in the concentrations of avenacosides and avenanthramides were below noticeable differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin McCarron
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ruan Elliott
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Lignou
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Ariana T, Kisworo D, Bulkaini B, Miwada S, Warmadewi DA, Putri RT. Effects of waste-based concentrates from broiler farm on physico-chemical qualities and blood profile of landrace pigs. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:579-586. [PMID: 38370894 PMCID: PMC10868680 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to determine the effect of giving concentrate protein from closed-house (CP-CH) broiler farm waste in rations on the meat quality (physical-chemical) and blood profile of landrace crossbreed pigs. Materials and Methods The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications with 12 finisher-phase landrace pigs with an average body weight of 63.42 ± 2.39 kg. The treatments were: A (control): use of 0% CP-CH + 24% CP-152 concentrate; B: 12% CP-CH + 12% CP-152 concentrate; and C: 24% CP-CH + 0% CP-152 concentrate. The research parameters were meat quality (physical-chemical meat) and blood lipid profile [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TGs)]. Results The results showed that treatment group B obtained physical meat quality (pH, drip loss, cooking loss, and water holding capacity) and meat chemical quality (moisture, protein, fat, and ash content) that were almost the same as the control (p > 0.05). By administering 24% CP-CH + 0% CP-152 (C) concentrate, there was a significant decrease in the physical and chemical quality of crossbreed landrace pigs (p < 0.05). Administration of CP-CH at 12%-24% did not affect total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, or blood TGs in landrace-crossbreed pigs. Conclusion Giving 12% CP-CH (B) obtained meat quality (physical and chemical) almost the same as the control group. Treatment group C significantly reduced the physical and chemical quality of the meat. Administration of CP-CH at 12%-24% did not affect the blood profile of landrace crosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirta Ariana
- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Udayana, Badung, Indonesia
| | - Djoko Kisworo
- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
| | | | - Sumerta Miwada
- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Udayana, Badung, Indonesia
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Sadeghian Dehkord E, Kerckhofs G, Compère P, Lambert F, Geris L. An Empirical Model Linking Physico-Chemical Biomaterial Characteristics to Intra-Oral Bone Formation. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:388. [PMID: 37504883 PMCID: PMC10381523 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial trauma, bone resection due to cancer, periodontal diseases, and bone atrophy following tooth extraction often leads to alveolar bone defects that require bone regeneration in order to restore dental function. Guided bone regeneration using synthetic biomaterials has been suggested as an alternative approach to autologous bone grafts. The efficiency of bone substitute materials seems to be influenced by their physico-chemical characteristics; however, the debate is still ongoing on what constitutes optimal biomaterial characteristics. The purpose of this study was to develop an empirical model allowing the assessment of the bone regeneration potential of new biomaterials on the basis of their physico-chemical characteristics, potentially giving directions for the design of a new generation of dental biomaterials. A quantitative data set was built composed of physico-chemical characteristics of seven commercially available intra-oral bone biomaterials and their in vivo response. This empirical model allowed the identification of the construct parameters driving optimized bone formation. The presented model provides a better understanding of the influence of driving biomaterial properties in the bone healing process and can be used as a tool to design bone biomaterials with a more controlled and custom-made composition and structure, thereby facilitating and improving the clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Sadeghian Dehkord
- GIGA In Silico Medicine, Biomechanics Research Unit (Biomech), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Prometheus, Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Materials, and Civil Engineering (iMMC), Université Catholique Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique Louvain, 1200 Woluwé-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
- Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Compère
- Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, FOCUS Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Center for Applied Research and Education in Microscopy (CAREM) and Biomaterials Interfaculty Center (CEIB), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - France Lambert
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Surgery and Implant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- GIGA In Silico Medicine, Biomechanics Research Unit (Biomech), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division for Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Biomechanics (BMe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Al Hasani S, Al-Attabi Z, Waly M, Al-Habsi N, Al-Subhi L, Shafiur Rahman M. Polyphenol and Flavonoid Stability of Wild Blueberry ( Sideroxylon mascatense) during Air- and Freeze-Drying and Storage Stability as a Function of Temperature. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040871. [PMID: 36832946 PMCID: PMC9956582 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Būt (Sideroxylon mascatense) is an indigenous wild blueberry found in Oman. It has a very short season and is commonly preserved by drying. The aims of this study were to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and stability of phytochemicals (i.e., polyphenols and flavonoids) in the berries during drying (i.e., freeze-drying at -40 °C and air-drying at 60 and 90 °C) and the polyphenol stability of the dried berries as a function of storage temperature (i.e., 90, 70, 60, 40, 20, and -20 °C). The moisture content of fresh berry flesh was 64.5 g/100 g sample (wet basis). The crude protein and fat contents were higher in the seeds than in the flesh. Glucose and fructose were the main sugars and their concentrations were highest in the sample air-dried at 60 °C. The initial total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the flesh were 2.009 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry-solids and 0.199 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g dry-solids, respectively. The samples air-dried at 90 °C and freeze-dried at -40 °C had higher TPC (i.e., 2.638 mg GAE/g dry-solids) and TFC (i.e., 0.395 mg CE/g dry-solids), respectively. There was a significant difference between the TPC and TFC of fresh and dried wild berries (p < 0.05). The freeze-dried wild berries retained a high TPC compared to the air-dried samples. The polyphenol storage stability of freeze-dried wild berries at different storage temperatures showed two phases: an initial release phase followed by a decay phase. The polyphenol storage stability was modeled using the Peleg model and the kinetic parameters were correlated with the storage temperature.
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Sangpueak R, Saengchan C, Laemchiab K, Kiddeejing D, Siriwong S, Thumanu K, Hoang NH, Phansak P, Buensanteai K. Flour on Gluten-Free Muffins from Different Edible Cassava Varieties in Thailand. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244053. [PMID: 36553796 PMCID: PMC9778515 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In Thailand new edible cassava varieties have been developed to be used in the food industry. The aim of this research was to analyze the difference between flour from three cassava varieties and to evaluate the suitability and quality of flour for gluten-free muffins. The physico-chemical properties of flour from three varieties were studied. The results showed the moisture content of flour was between 10.65 ± 0.01 and 10.85 ± 0.45%. Total protein content was highly significant with a difference of 1.97 ± 0.00%, 2.15 ± 0.01%, and 2.18 ± 0.01%, respectively. Moreover, ash and fat in each flour were highly significant. Amylose content was 19.93 ± 0.47%, and the viscosity was 6286.00 ± 1.52 mPa.s. The color of flour values of L* a* b* value was not statistically different in each variety of flour. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used for the biochemical change in flour. The PCA and cluster analysis results revealed that cassava flour from Pirun 6 was different from Pirun 2 and Pirun 4. After that, the test using selected cassava flour from Pirun 6 to test the physical properties and sensory attributes of gluten-free muffins compared with wheat flour found that gluten-free muffins were overall better than basic muffins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungthip Sangpueak
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Chanon Saengchan
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Kansinee Laemchiab
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Dusadee Kiddeejing
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Supatcharee Siriwong
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Piyaporn Phansak
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Kumrai Buensanteai
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Chopra V, Davis G, Baysan A. Physico-Chemical Properties of Calcium-Silicate vs. Resin Based Sealers-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory-Based Studies. Materials (Basel) 2021; 15:ma15010229. [PMID: 35009375 PMCID: PMC8745986 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review is to analyse the effect of physico-chemical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers in comparison to epoxy resin sealers in permanent teeth using a single-cone obturation technique. METHODS The study was conducted according to the guidelines of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, DOAJ, Open Gray with no language restrictions until October 2020. Two reviewers assessed the studies for eligibility. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) was carried out to assess the evidence. Meta-analysis of the pooled data with subgroups was performed using the RevMan software (p < 0.05). RESULTS Results from the 28 included studies showed that the mean difference in adaptation to root canal walls (marginal adaptation, interfacial gaps and void volume) for both sealers were non-significant. However, void volume values showed a significant mean difference (p < 0.00001) favouring the calcium silicate-based sealers. The pooled meta-analysis reported statistically significant differences for apical microleakage (p = 0.0007) whilst there were non-significant mean differences for fracture resistance (p = 0.09) and push-out bond strength (p = 0.63). The heterogeneity among the included studies was 97% (I2). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this review, calcium silicate-based sealers demonstrated a similar or superior performance in comparison to resin-based sealers in terms of the physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viresh Chopra
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Department of Oral Bioengineering, Queen Mary University, Mile End Rd. Bethnal Green, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Graham Davis
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd. Bethnal Green, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd. Bethnal Green, London E1 4NS, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-96896632942
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El-Zeiny ME, Ghoneim AM, Abu Samak OA, Khidr AA. Abundance and Annual Distribution of Freshwater Snails and Some Trematode Cercariae at Damietta Governorate, Egypt. Helminthologia 2021; 58:233-47. [PMID: 34934387 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2021-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to being a good food source, freshwater snails are considered one of the positively and negatively influencing invertebrates on the environment. Several biotic and abiotic factors are thought to affect the distribution and the dynamics of these snails. Freshwater snails are the most dominant and conspicuous individuals of the freshwater biota in Damietta Governorate. In this study, freshwater snails were collected monthly from 5 geographically and environmentally different sites at Damietta Governorate at the north of Egypt during June 2017-May 2018. Seven snail species; Lanistes carinatus, Lanistes varicus, Pila wernei, Segmentorbis angustus, Melanoides tuberculata, Biomphalaria alexandrina, and Gabbiella senoriansis, were identified. Lanistes carinatus was the most abundant species (56.4%) in the collection sites. Besides, Al-Inaniyyah village had the highest snail species abundance and variety. The abundance of the most recorded species varied seasonally; the highest abundance was recorded during summer while the lowest was during winter. The abundance of some snail species correlated positively or negatively with some physico-chemical parameters; water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved salts, and electrical conductivity. Two types of trematode cercariae; gymnocephalus cercariae and xiphidiocercariae, were harvested from Lanistes carinatus. The highest prevalence of both cercarial types was detected during summer. The correlation between the prevalence of both cercarial types and the physico-chemical parameters were determined. Xiphidiocercariae were the most predominant cercarial type in Damietta Governorate. Our findings suggest that the invasion of some freshwater snails is likely to be the cause of the low prevalence or complete absence of some medically important intermediate snail hosts. We recommend further characterization of the distribution of freshwater snails and the interrelationships among them in Egypt, and suggest a controlled use of selected snail species to combat their medically important analogues.
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Nguyen TM, Phoukham K, Ngo TV. Formulation and quality evaluation of pearl oyster mushroom soup powder supplement with some kinds of legumes and vegetables. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2021; 19:435-443. [PMID: 33179483 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soup could be used as an alternative to a meal as many of its nutrients could potentially fulfill the body's nutritional requirements. It is very practical and only takes a short time to prepare. In this study, the usefulness of supplementing dried vegetable soup mixtures with mushrooms and other vegetables to enhance its nutritional value was observed. METHODS This study was carried out in order to develop a mixed soup powder supplemented with pearl oyster mushrooms, some legumes, and other vegetables. Eight formulas were prepared using different variations. Freeze-drying was used for pearl oyster mushroom and conventional drying (hot air) was applied for the other vegetables. The methods of Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) and Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) were applied for sensory evaluation and analysis. RESULTS Out of the eight formulas of soup which were prepared, formula 8 resulted in a high-quality product with the highest acceptability. The total energy content was 459.14 kcal/100 g along with the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges for protein (25.73%), carbohydrates (53.53%) and lipid (20.74%). Sensory evaluation and product likelihood was also recorded. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that vegetable soup could be suitable for vegetarians and others due to its high and balanced nutritional values. Further studies are required to evaluate the nutritional composition of oyster pearl mushroom soup mixtures on a larger number of samples to ensure the accuracy of the nutritional contents presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Minh Nguyen
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam
| | - Keomixay Phoukham
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam.,Faculty of Food Science, Savannakhet University, Kaisonephomvihan city, Savannakhet, Laos
| | - Tai Van Ngo
- Department of Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Vietnam
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Katsi P, Kosma IS, Michailidou S, Argiriou A, Badeka AV, Kontominas MG. Characterization of Artisanal Spontaneous Sourdough Wheat Bread from Central Greece: Evaluation of Physico-Chemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Properties in Relation to Conventional Yeast Leavened Wheat Bread. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030635. [PMID: 33802818 PMCID: PMC8002528 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, both yeast leavened bread (YLB) and artisanal sourdough wheat bread (SDB) were prepared. The physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of breads were monitored as a function of storage time (T = 25 °C). As expected, the titratable acidity (TA) values of SDB were higher than those of YLB. The aroma profile of SDB was similar to that of YLB, including classes of compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, organic acids, terpenes, and sulfur compounds; however, the concentrations between the two were different. Aroma deterioration of bread during storage was partly related to the loss of several volatiles. Texture and sensory analysis showed that SDB was harder, less elastic, but richer in aroma and light sour taste than YLB. Mold growth was apparent when the population of yeasts/molds reached approximately 4 log cfu/g. This yeast/mold count was reached on days 4–5 for YLB and day 18 + for SDB. A 16S amplicon meta-barcoding analysis showed that the bacterial profile of SDB was dominated by a single genus, (Lactobacillus). Analysis of the eukaryotic load showed that at the genus level, Saccharomyces and Alternaria were the most abundant genera, independently of the gene sequenced (18S or ITS). Based primarily on mold growth and texture data, which proved to be the most sensitive quality parameters, the shelf life was ca. 4–5 days for YLB and 10 days for SDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Katsi
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.K.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Ioanna S. Kosma
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.K.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Sofia Michailidou
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Applied Biosciences, 6th km Charilaou-Thermis, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Applied Biosciences, 6th km Charilaou-Thermis, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.M.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Anastasia V. Badeka
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.K.); (I.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.B.); (M.G.K.)
| | - Michael G. Kontominas
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (P.K.); (I.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.B.); (M.G.K.)
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Mohan A, Hadi J, Gutierrez-Maddox N, Li Y, Leung IKH, Gao Y, Shu Q, Quek SY. Sensory, Microbiological and Physicochemical Characterisation of Functional Manuka Honey Yogurts Containing Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri DPC16. Foods 2020; 9:E106. [PMID: 31963907 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumer acceptance of synbiotics, which are synergistic combinations of probiotics and their prebiotic substrates, continues to expand in the functional food category. This research aimed at evaluating the effect of antibacterial manuka honey on the probiotic growth and sensory characteristics of potentially synbiotic yogurts manufactured with Lactobacillus reuteri DPC16. Probiotic viable count in yogurts with 5% w/v Manuka honey (Blend, UMFTM 18+, AMFTM 15+ and AMFTM 20+) was evaluated by the spread plate method over the refrigerated storage period of three weeks. A panel of 102 consumers preferred the yogurt made with invert syrup over the manuka honey variants, and the unsweetened control was least liked overall. Invert syrup yogurt was also the most effective in promoting the growth of the probiotic lactobacilli. However, the honey-sweetened yogurts had a more favourable fermentation metabolite profile, especially the lactic and propionic acids, as estimated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The probiotic counts in AMFTM 15+ manuka honey yogurt (7 log cfu/mL) were significantly higher than the other honey yogurt types (Manuka Blend and UMFTM 18+) and above the recommended threshold levels. The combination thus can be developed as a synbiotic functional food by further improving the sensory and physicochemical properties such as texture, apparent viscosity and water holding capacity.
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Zhang R, Hu J, Deng L, Li S, Chen X, Liu F, Wang S, Mohammed Abdul KS, Beng H, Tan W. Aerosol Characteristics and Physico-Chemical Compatibility of Combivent ® (Containing Salbutamol and Ipratropium Bromide) Mixed with Three Other Inhalants: Budesonide, Beclomethasone or N-Acetylcysteine. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12010078. [PMID: 31963493 PMCID: PMC7023084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation therapy with a nebulizer is widely used in chronic respiratory disease. Mixing inhalation solutions/suspensions for simultaneous inhalation is more convenient and might simplify the administration procedure. However, there are no data available to address the in vitro aerosol characteristics and physico-chemical compatibility of Combivent® (containing Salbutamol and Ipratropium bromide) with other inhalation solutions/suspensions. In order to investigate the in vitro aerosol characteristics and physico-chemical compatibility of Combivent® with Budesonide, Beclomethasone, and N-acetylcysteine, the appearance, pH, osmotic pressure, chemical stability, mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), fine particles fraction (FPF), particle size corresponding to X50 (particle size, which accounts for 50% of the total cumulative percentage of volume of all particles), delivery rate, and total delivery of the mixed inhalation solution/suspension were tested. There was no change in the appearance such as a change in color or precipitation formation at room temperature. The pH, osmolality, and chemicals of the mixtures were stable for 24 h after mixing. There were no significant differences between Combivent®, Budesonide, Beclomethasone, N-acetylcysteine, and the mixtures in MMAD, FPF, X50, the delivery rate, and the total delivery. This indicates that the mixtures were physically and chemically compatible. The mixing did not influence the particle size, distribution, or delivery compatibility of the mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Junhua Hu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Liangjun Deng
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Sha Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Fei Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Shanping Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China;
| | - Khaja Shameem Mohammed Abdul
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Huimin Beng
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; (R.Z.); (J.H.); (L.D.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (F.L.); (K.S.M.A.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-155-2100-1635
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Bhinde SM, Bhinde SS, Kori VK, Patel KS. A compendious review of Chitraka Haritaki Avaleha - A polyherbal Ayurveda formulation for bronchial asthma. Ayu 2020; 41:12-18. [PMID: 34566379 PMCID: PMC8415241 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_340_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Avaleha (confection) is an unique dosage form of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, which is frequently prescribed in various disorders and especially in respiratory disorders. ChitrakaHaritakiAvaleha (CHA) is one such formulation being used extensively by Ayurveda physicians for bronchial asthma, despite its classical use in various other disorders too. CHA was first time described by Vrindamadhava in the 9th century and had been amended for many times till today. Because of its demand, many pharmaceutical companies are also manufacturing it, and is freely available in the market. Aim: The aim is to screen and compile references pertaining to composition, method of preparation, therapeutic uses, organoleptic, and physico-chemical parameters of CHA from different classics and original research articles. Materials and methods: Description of CHA was extensively reviewed from Vrindamadhava, Chakradatta, Vangasena, Gadanigraha, Yogatarangini, Bhaishjya Ratnavali and Yogaratnakara. Synonyms, Rasapanchaka (Ayurveda principles of drug action), and DoshaKarma (therapeutic attributes) of ingredients were compiled from Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Organoleptic and physicochemical parameters were compiled from original research articles, searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate. Results: Variations in formulation name, ingredients, method of preparation, therapeutic indications and Anupana (adjuvant) was observed in the classical texts. Value of water-soluble extracts and pH of analytical study was found different than Ayurveda Pharmacopeia of India standards. Conclusion: Screening through various texts revealed that CHA has been mentioned in seven classical treatises and two gazetted texts with amendments which indicate its high demand and clinical efficacy in bronchial asthma along with other diseases. Disparity found in analytical parameters indicates the need of standardization of pharmaceutical process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonam Sagar Bhinde
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Institute of Teaching & Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Virendra K Kori
- Department of Kaumarbhritya, Institute of Teaching & Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kalpana S Patel
- Department of Kaumarbhritya, Institute of Teaching & Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
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Torrico DD, Tam J, Fuentes S, Gonzalez Viejo C, Dunshea FR. D-Tagatose as a Sucrose Substitute and Its Effect on the Physico-Chemical Properties and Acceptability of Strawberry-Flavored Yogurt. Foods 2019; 8:E256. [PMID: 31336971 PMCID: PMC6678267 DOI: 10.3390/foods8070256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar not only provides the desirable sweetness but its reduction can also alter the physico-chemical properties of foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tagatose as a sugar substitute on selected physico-chemical properties and sensory acceptability of strawberry-flavored yogurts. Six yogurt samples with decreasing concentrations of sucrose (8.50 to 1.70 g/100 g) and increasing concentrations of tagatose (0.00 to 9.24 g/100 g) were evaluated. Physico-chemical tests (pH, lactic acid (%), °Brix, water-holding capacity (WHC), viscosity, and color) were conducted to examine the quality and shelf-life of yogurts during 28 days of storage at 4 °C. An acceptability test (n = 55) was conducted to evaluate the sensory characteristics of yogurts. Sucrose reductions by the replacement of up to 80% tagatose showed marginal effects on the selected physico-chemical properties; however, the loss of red color (a*) and increase in yellowness (b*) of the tagatose-substituted samples were significant. Strawberry yogurts with tagatose replacements had similar acceptability scores for all attributes. Sucrose reduction showed a positive effect on the purchase intent of the strawberry yogurts (an increase of 3-30%). These findings can be used to understand the effects of tagatose/sucrose formulations on the acceptability and physico-chemical properties of yogurts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir D Torrico
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
| | - Jennifer Tam
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sigfredo Fuentes
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Chidya RCG, Singano L, Chitedze I, Mourad KA. Standards Compliance and Health Implications of Bottled Water in Malawi. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E951. [PMID: 30884819 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Many people around the globe prefer bottled water especially in developing countries, where tap water is not drinkable. This study investigated the quality of bottled drinking water sold in Lilongwe city, Malawi. Compliance with Malawi Standards (MS) 560 (2004) for natural mineral water, MS 699 (2004) for bottled water and the World Health Organisation guidelines for drinking water were examined. Bottled water from different 12 brands was purchased from local stores and analysed for its pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), EC, turbidity, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, NO3−, Cl−, F−, SO42−, hardness, alkalinity, and Escherichia coli. A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) resulted in two clusters in which most of the brands (92%, n = 12) belonged to one group. The two clusters and significant differences (ANOVA p < 0.05) in chemical compositions among the brands were attributed to the variations in the water source and the treatment processes. The results showed that 10 brands did not comply with the MS 699 (2004) turbidity standard (1 NTU) and the pH of one of the brands was below the minimum MS 699 (2004) standard of 6.50. This research showed that 12 brands had bottle labelling errors and discrepancies in chemical composition. The article highlighted the need for a strict inspection from the responsible governmental ministry to improve water quality and to adjust water bottles’ labels according to water characteristics.
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Stafussa AP, Rampazzo V, Fernandes RR, Franco AT, Bona E, Maciel GM, Haminiuk CWI. Multi-block analysis for the correlation of physico-chemical and rheological data of 42 fruit pulps. J Texture Stud 2018; 50:114-123. [PMID: 30345522 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The common dimension (ComDim) chemometric method for multi-block analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to evaluate the data obtained from the physico-chemical and rheological characterization of 42 commercial fruit pulps. The physico-chemical characteristics and the rheological behavior of the pulps were found to be considerably different. The Herschel-Bulkley equation was fit to the steady-state flow curves of the fruit pulps, and it was found to appropriately describe the materials, which showed a wide range of yield stresses. The soluble solids content and the yield stress were the main factors responsible for the sample discrimination in the multivariate statistical analysis. The ComDim model indicates that these parameters may have a direct correlation. Namely, the soluble solids amount can influence the viscosity, as demonstrated by the similar scores of the samples in both common components, and this corroborated with the HCA analysis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fruit pulps can be used as raw materials in the food industry to obtain several products, such as nectars, jellies, ice creams, and juices, which can also be sold directly to consumers. To evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of those industrial processes, it is important to know the physico-chemical properties of the products. Therefore, in this study we attempt to correlate the physical-chemical and rheological data using a new statistical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Stafussa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos (PPGEAL), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Valéria Rampazzo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos (PPGEAL), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubens Rosario Fernandes
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica e Materiais (PPGEM), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Admilson Teixeira Franco
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica e Materiais (PPGEM), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Evandro Bona
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGTA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Maciel
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental (PPGCTA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental (PPGCTA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Briand JF, Pochon X, Wood SA, Bressy C, Garnier C, Réhel K, Urvois F, Culioli G, Zaiko A. Metabarcoding and metabolomics offer complementarity in deciphering marine eukaryotic biofouling community shifts. Biofouling 2018; 34:657-672. [PMID: 30185057 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1480757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabarcoding and metabolomics were used to explore the taxonomic composition and functional diversity of eukaryotic biofouling communities on plates with antifouling paints at two French coastal sites: Lorient (North Eastern Atlantic Ocean; temperate and eutrophic) and Toulon (North-Western Mediterranean Sea; mesotrophic but highly contaminated). Four distinct coatings were tested at each site and season for one month. Metabarcoding showed biocidal coatings had less impact on eukaryotic assemblages compared to spatial and temporal effects. Ciliophora, Chlorophyceae or Cnidaria (mainly hydrozoans) were abundant at Lorient, whereas Arthropoda (especially crustaceans), Nematoda, and Ochrophyta dominated less diversified assemblages at Toulon. Seasonal shifts were observed at Lorient, but not Toulon. Metabolomics also showed clear site discrimination, but these were associated with a coating and not season dependent clustering. The meta-omics analysis enabled identifications of some associative patterns between metabolomic profiles and specific taxa, in particular those colonizing the plates with biocidal coatings at Lorient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Pochon
- b Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Private Bag 2 , Nelson 7042 , New Zealand
- c Institute of Marine Science , University of Auckland , Private Bag 349 , Warkworth 0941 , New Zealand
| | - Susanna A Wood
- b Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Private Bag 2 , Nelson 7042 , New Zealand
| | | | - Cédric Garnier
- d Université de Toulon , PROTEE-EA 3819 , Toulon , France
| | - Karine Réhel
- e Université de Bretagne Sud , LBCM-EA 3883 , IUEM , Lorient , France
| | - Félix Urvois
- a Université de Toulon , MAPIEM-EA 4323 , Toulon , France
| | - Gérald Culioli
- a Université de Toulon , MAPIEM-EA 4323 , Toulon , France
| | - Anastasija Zaiko
- b Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Private Bag 2 , Nelson 7042 , New Zealand
- c Institute of Marine Science , University of Auckland , Private Bag 349 , Warkworth 0941 , New Zealand
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18
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Beale AM, Jacques SDM, Di Michiel M, Mosselmans JFW, Price SWT, Senecal P, Vamvakeros A, Paterson J. X-ray physico-chemical imaging during activation of cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0057. [PMID: 29175905 PMCID: PMC5719219 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The imaging of catalysts and other functional materials under reaction conditions has advanced significantly in recent years. The combination of the computed tomography (CT) approach with methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) now enables local chemical and physical state information to be extracted from within the interiors of intact materials which are, by accident or design, inhomogeneous. In this work, we follow the phase evolution during the initial reduction step(s) to form Co metal, for Co-containing particles employed as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts; firstly, working at small length scales (approx. micrometre spatial resolution), a combination of sample size and density allows for transmission of comparatively low energy signals enabling the recording of 'multimodal' tomography, i.e. simultaneous XRF-CT, XANES-CT and XRD-CT. Subsequently, we show high-energy XRD-CT can be employed to reveal extent of reduction and uniformity of crystallite size on millimetre-sized TiO2 trilobes. In both studies, the CoO phase is seen to persist or else evolve under particular operating conditions and we speculate as to why this is observed.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Beale
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Simon D M Jacques
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
- School of Materials, Manchester University, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | | | | | - Stephen W T Price
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Pierre Senecal
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Antonios Vamvakeros
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, UK
| | - James Paterson
- BP Chemicals, Conversion Technology Centre, HRTC-DL10 Saltend, Hedon, Hull HU12 8DS, UK
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Benabdesslem Y, Hachem K, Kahloula K, Slimani M. Ethnobotanical Survey, Preliminary Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Screening of Salvia argentea (L.) Used by Herbalists of the Saïda Province in Algeria. Plants (Basel) 2017; 6:E59. [PMID: 29206161 DOI: 10.3390/plants6040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An ethnobotanical study was carried out in the Saïda region among herbalists to evaluate the use of Salvia argentea (L.), a plant species native from North Africa belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Forty-two herbalists were interviewed individually, aged between 30 and 70 years, all males, 52.38% of them having received a secondary education level and having performing their duties for more than a decade. This study showed that Salvia argentea is used specifically in the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system. The leaves are the most commonly used part, usually in the form of powder and exclusively administered orally. The preliminary results of the physicochemical characterization and the phytochemical screening of the powdered leaves of Salvia argentea attest to their safety and confer them a guarantee of phytotherapeutic quality.
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20
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Price DF, Luscombe CN, Eddershaw PJ, Edwards CD, Gumbleton M. The Differential Absorption of a Series of P-Glycoprotein Substrates in Isolated Perfused Lungs from Mdr1a/1b Genetic Knockout Mice can be Attributed to Distinct Physico-Chemical Properties: an Insight into Predicting Transporter-Mediated, Pulmonary Specific Disposition. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2498-2516. [PMID: 28702798 PMCID: PMC5736782 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine if pulmonary P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is functional in an intact lung; impeding the pulmonary absorption and increasing lung retention of P-gp substrates administered into the airways. Using calculated physico-chemical properties alone build a predictive Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model distinguishing whether a substrate's pulmonary absorption would be limited by P-gp or not. METHODS A panel of 18 P-gp substrates were administered into the airways of an isolated perfused mouse lung (IPML) model derived from Mdr1a/Mdr1b knockout mice. Parallel intestinal absorption studies were performed. Substrate physico-chemical profiling was undertaken. Using multivariate analysis a QSAR model was established. RESULTS A subset of P-gp substrates (10/18) displayed pulmonary kinetics influenced by lung P-gp. These substrates possessed distinct physico-chemical properties to those P-gp substrates unaffected by P-gp (8/18). Differential outcomes were not related to different intrinsic P-gp transporter kinetics. In the lung, in contrast to intestine, a higher degree of non-polar character is required of a P-gp substrate before the net effects of efflux become evident. The QSAR predictive model was applied to 129 substrates including eight marketed inhaled drugs, all these inhaled drugs were predicted to display P-gp dependent pulmonary disposition. CONCLUSIONS Lung P-gp can affect the pulmonary kinetics of a subset of P-gp substrates. Physico-chemical relationships determining the significance of P-gp to absorption in the lung are different to those operative in the intestine. Our QSAR framework may assist profiling of inhaled drug discovery candidates that are also P-gp substrates. The potential for P-gp mediated pulmonary disposition exists in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Price
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Chris N Luscombe
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Peter J Eddershaw
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Chris D Edwards
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Mark Gumbleton
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK.
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21
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Lühken R, Steinke S, Leggewie M, Tannich E, Krüger A, Becker S, Kiel E. Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Culex pipiens sensu lato and Culex torrentium (Diptera: Culicidae) Breeding Sites in Germany. J Med Entomol 2015; 52:932-936. [PMID: 26336210 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Culex pipiens sensu lato (L.) and Culex torrentium Martini, 1925 are two widely distributed mosquito species in Europe. Due to difficulties in morphological discrimination, the current knowledge on differences in the breeding ecology is fragmentary. Therefore, this study evaluated the relation between the presence-absence of both species at various types of breeding habitats in response to physico-chemical parameters, using a recently developed molecular assay that allows reliable species-specific typing of larvae and pupae. The results revealed that the two species often occur in sympatry at the studied breeding sites, and there were no substantial differences concerning presence-absence of the two species with regard to the various environmental parameters investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Lühken
- Research group Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany. Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Sonja Steinke
- Research group Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Mayke Leggewie
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Egbert Tannich
- Corresponding author, e-mail: . German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel, HamburgBernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Krüger
- Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Lesserstraße 180, 22049 Hamburg, Germany. Okavango Research Institute, Maun, 4775 Notwane Rd. Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Stefanie Becker
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany. Institute for Infectiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Am Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Ellen Kiel
- Research group Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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22
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Abstract
Groundwater is generally considered a "safe source" of drinking water because it is abstracted with low microbial load with little need for treatment before drinking. However, groundwater resources are commonly vulnerable to pollution, which may degrade their quality. An assessment of microbial and physicochemical qualities of borehole water in the rural environs of Mahikeng town, South Africa, was carried out. The study aimed at determining levels of physicochemical (temperature, pH, turbidity and nitrate) and bacteriological (both faecal and total coliform bacteria) contaminants in drinking water using standard microbiology methods. Furthermore, identities of isolates were determined using the API 20E assay. Results were compared with World Health Organisation (WHO) and Department of Water Affairs (DWAF-SA) water quality drinking standards. All analyses for physicochemical parameters were within acceptable limits except for turbidity while microbial loads during spring were higher than the WHO and DWAF thresholds. The detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella species in borehole water that was intended for human consumption suggests that water from these sources may pose severe health risks to consumers and is unsuitable for direct human consumption without treatment. The study recommends mobilisation of onsite treatment interventions to protect the households from further possible consequences of using the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobina Palamuleni
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North West University, Private bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
| | - Mercy Akoth
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North West University, Private bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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23
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Agu HO, Okoli NA. Physico-chemical, sensory, and microbiological assessments of wheat-based biscuit improved with beniseed and unripe plantain. Food Sci Nutr 2014; 2:464-9. [PMID: 25473504 PMCID: PMC4237476 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of cereal foods such as biscuit has become very popular globally. Partial replacement of wheat flour with beniseed and unripe plantain flours rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals will increase nutrient, diversify utilization of beniseed and unripe plantain, and increase biscuit variety. Wheat composite biscuit was produced from wheat, beniseed, and unripe plantain flours. The composite flour was mixed in the proportion of 100:0:0, 80:10:10, 70:20:10, 60:30:10, and 50:40:10% of wheat, beniseed, and unripe plantain, respectively. The physical, sensory, chemical, and microbial properties of the biscuits were determined. The physical properties ranged from 6.80 g to 8.30 g for weight, spread ratio 6.93–7.38, and break strength 500–690 g. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in taste, crispness, flavor and texture of the biscuits while significant differences (P < 0.05) existed in color and overall acceptability. The proximate composition of the biscuits ranged from 1.84% to 2.55% for moisture, protein 8.03–9.26%, fat 30.07–35.81%, ash 2.94–3.68%, crude fiber 0.47–0.80%, carbohydrate 48.74–55.96%, and energy 526.53–554.21 kcal/100 g. The microbial count of the best biscuit after 20 days of storage was 4.0 × 103 cfu/g for bacteria and mould contained 5.0 × 104 cfu/g. This study forms a basis for new product development for the biscuit food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Obioma Agu
- Food Science and Technology Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi P.M.B. 0231, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
| | - Ndidiamaka Azuka Okoli
- Food Science and Technology Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi P.M.B. 0231, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
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24
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Tsega N, Sahile S, Kibret M, Abera B. Bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia. Afr Health Sci 2013; 13:1156-61. [PMID: 24940346 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v13i4.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accesses to safe water is a universal need however, many of the world's population lack access to adequate and safe water. Consumption of water contaminated causes health risk to the public and the situation is serous in rural areas. OBJECTIVES To assess the bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of drinking water sources in a rural community of Ethiopia. METHODS Water samples were collected from tap, open springs, open dug wells and protected springs for bacteriological analysis of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms. The turbidity, pH and temperature were measured immediately after collection. RESULTS Most drinking water sources were found to have coliform counts above the recommended national and international guidelines and had high sanitary risk scores. There was a statistically significant difference among water sources with respect to TC and TTC (p < 0.05) and there was a statistically significant positive correlation between coliform counts and sanitary risk scores (p < 0.01). Most water sources didn't satisfy the turbidity values recommended by WHO. CONCLUSION The water sources were heavily contaminated which suggested poor protection and sanitation practice in the water sources. Source protection strategies as well as monitoring are recommend for this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tsega
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Science College, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - S Sahile
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - M Kibret
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Science College, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - B Abera
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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25
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Abstract
Background: Vaikrānta has very important place in Rasa śāstra and is placed under Mahārasa and Upratna group. It has been mentioned that vaikrānta can be used in the place of diamond, which is a very precious stone and whose use is beyond the limit of the common man. Vaikrānta possesses pharmacological and therapeutic properties similar to diamond, but still very few researchers have worked on it. Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the present study is to analyze vaikrānta bhasma by employing various organoleptic methods mentioned in Ayurvedic science along with analysis as per tools available today. Settings and Design: In the present study, vaikrānta bhasma was prepared according to method mentioned in Rasa Ratna Samuccaya. Final product is prepared according to classical parameters described in Ayurvedic science. Materials and Methods: Ayurvedic scholars have described various parameters for the qualitative evaluation of vaikrānta bhasma, but all those are subjective in nature and cannot be evaluated numerically for reproducibility of the result. With this in mind, in the present study, tests as per Ayurvedic science and analytical parameters such as scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry were adopted to analyze the final product. Results and Conclusions: Data suggests that vaikrānta bhasma is a multi-mineral compound, which contains iron and silica as major constituents and others are present as trace elements. The data obtained in this study suggest that quality specifications for vaikrānta bhasma can be developed using tests described in Ayurvedic science along with analytical tools available today.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tripathi
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, R.G.G.P.G Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - A S Rathore
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, R.G.G.P.G Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - B L Mehra
- Department of Kaya Chikitsa, R.G.G.P.G Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - R Raghubir
- Department of Pharmacology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Standardization of a compound Ayurvedic formulation is a critical and essential issue to be considered in assuring the therapeutic efficacy and safety and to rationalize their use in the health care. Sitopaladi churna is a reputed polyherbal formulation of Ayurveda. It is prescribed for the treatment of pleurodynia, intercostal neuralgia, cold, cough associated with bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, viral respiratory infection, and in pharyngeal and chest congestion. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed at physico-chemical standardization of in-house and two marketed brands of Sitopaladi churna. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our investigation, in-house churna and two commercial brands of Sitopaladi churna were standardized based on powder microscopy, physico-chemical evaluations, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) finger printing as per standard procedures. RESULTS The set parameters were sufficient to evaluate the churna based on various physico-chemical parameters. CONCLUSION The data evolved can be adopted for laying down the standards for the manufacturing units of Sitopaladi churna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inder Kumar Makhija
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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27
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Sriwastava NK, Shreedhara CS, Aswatha Ram HN. Standardization of Ajmodadi churna, a polyherbal formulation. Pharmacognosy Res 2011; 2:98-101. [PMID: 21808548 PMCID: PMC3140114 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.62957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Standardization of herbal formulations is essential in order to assess the quality of drugs, based on the concentration of their active principles. This article reports on standardization of Ajmodadi churna, a polyherbal ayurvedic medicine used as a carminative and an antispasmodic, and is a strong wormifuge, and helps in all painful conditions like sciatica and stiffness in back and also restores normal digestive functions. Ajmodadi churna was prepared as per Ayurvedic Formulary of India. In-house preparation and the marketed drug have been standardized on the basis of organoleptic characters, physical characteristics, and physico-chemical properties. The set parameters were found to be sufficient to evaluate the churna and can be used as reference standards for the quality control/quality assurance laboratory of a Pharmaceutical house.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Sriwastava
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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