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Kalla R, Adams AT, Bergemalm D, Vatn S, Kennedy NA, Ricanek P, Lindstrom J, Ocklind A, Hjelm F, Ventham NT, Ho GT, Petren C, Repsilber D, Söderholm J, Pierik M, D’Amato M, Gomollón F, Olbjorn C, Jahnsen J, Vatn MH, Halfvarson J, Satsangi J. Serum proteomic profiling at diagnosis predicts clinical course, and need for intensification of treatment in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:699-708. [PMID: 33201212 PMCID: PMC8095384 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Success in personalized medicine in complex disease is critically dependent on biomarker discovery. We profiled serum proteins using a novel proximity extension assay [PEA] to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. METHODS We conducted a prospective case-control study in an inception cohort of 552 patients [328 IBD, 224 non-IBD], profiling proteins recruited across six centres. Treatment escalation was characterized by the need for biological agents or surgery after initial disease remission. Nested leave-one-out cross-validation was used to examine the performance of diagnostic and prognostic proteins. RESULTS A total of 66 serum proteins differentiated IBD from symptomatic non-IBD controls, including matrix metallopeptidase-12 [MMP-12; Holm-adjusted p = 4.1 × 10-23] and oncostatin-M [OSM; p = 3.7 × 10-16]. Nine of these proteins are associated with cis-germline variation [59 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms]. Fifteen proteins, all members of tumour necrosis factor-independent pathways including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and OSM, predicted escalation, over a median follow-up of 518 [interquartile range 224-756] days. Nested cross-validation of the entire data set allowed characterization of five-protein models [96% comprising five core proteins ITGAV, EpCAM, IL18, SLAMF7 and IL8], which define a high-risk subgroup in IBD [hazard ratio 3.90, confidence interval: 2.43-6.26], or allowed distinct two- and three-protein models for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease respectively. CONCLUSION We have characterized a simple oligo-protein panel that has the potential to identify IBD from symptomatic controls and to predict future disease course. Further prospective work is required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kalla
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - A T Adams
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - D Bergemalm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - S Vatn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - N A Kennedy
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Exeter IBD and Pharmacogenetics group, University of Exeter, UK
| | - P Ricanek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Lindstrom
- Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - F Hjelm
- Olink Proteomics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - N T Ventham
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - G T Ho
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Petren
- Olink Proteomics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Repsilber
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - J Söderholm
- Department of Surgery and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M Pierik
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - M D’Amato
- BioCruces Health Research Institute and Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - F Gomollón
- HCU ‘Lozano Blesa’, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Olbjorn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Jahnsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M H Vatn
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - J Satsangi
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Kalla R, Adams AT, Ventham NT, Kennedy NA, White R, Clarke C, Ivens A, Bergemalm D, Vatn S, Lopez-Jimena B, Ricanek P, Vatn MH, Söderholm JD, Gomollón F, Nowak JK, Jahnsen J, Halfvarson J, McTaggart S, Ho GT, Buck A, Satsangi J. Whole Blood Profiling of T-cell-Derived microRNA Allows the Development of Prognostic models in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:1724-1733. [PMID: 32598439 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs [miRNAs] are cell-specific small non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression and have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] pathogenesis. Here we define the cell-specific miRNA profiles and investigate its biomarker potential in IBD. METHODS In a two-stage prospective multi-centre case control study, next generation sequencing was performed on a discovery cohort of immunomagnetically separated leukocytes from 32 patients (nine Crohn's disease [CD], 14 ulcerative colitis [UC], eight healthy controls) and differentially expressed signals were validated in whole blood in 294 patients [97 UC, 98 CD, 98 non-IBD, 1 IBDU] using quantitative PCR. Correlations were analysed with phenotype, including need for early treatment escalation as a marker of progressive disease using Cox proportional hazards. RESULTS In stage 1, each leukocyte subset [CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and CD14+ monocytes] was analysed in IBD and controls. Three specific miRNAs differentiated IBD from controls in CD4+ T-cells, including miR-1307-3p [p = 0.01], miR-3615 [p = 0.02] and miR-4792 [p = 0.01]. In the extension cohort, in stage 2, miR-1307-3p was able to predict disease progression in IBD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.98, interquartile range [IQR]: 1.20-3.27; logrank p = 1.80 × 10-3), in particular CD [HR 2.81; IQR: 1.11-3.53, p = 6.50 × 10-4]. Using blood-based multimarker miRNA models, the estimated chance of escalation in CD was 83% if two or more criteria were met and 90% for UC if three or more criteria are met. INTERPRETATION We have identified and validated unique CD4+ T-cell miRNAs that are differentially regulated in IBD. These miRNAs may be able to predict treatment escalation and have the potential for clinical translation; further prospective evaluation is now indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kalla
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A T Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - N T Ventham
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N A Kennedy
- Exeter IBD and Pharmacogenetics group, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - R White
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research and Centre for Immunity, Infection & Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Clarke
- LifeArc, Nine Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Ivens
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research and Centre for Immunity, Infection & Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D Bergemalm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - S Vatn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | | | - P Ricanek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - M H Vatn
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan D Söderholm
- Department of Surgery and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - F Gomollón
- HCU 'Lozano Blesa', IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J K Nowak
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - J Jahnsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - S McTaggart
- LifeArc, Nine Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - G T Ho
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Buck
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research and Centre for Immunity, Infection & Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Vatn S, Carstens A, Kristoffersen AB, Bergemalm D, Casén C, Moen AEF, Tannaes TM, Lindstrøm J, Detlie TE, Olbjørn C, Lindquist CM, Söderholm JD, Gomollón F, Kalla R, Satsangi J, Vatn MH, Jahnsen J, Halfvarson J, Ricanek P. Faecal microbiota signatures of IBD and their relation to diagnosis, disease phenotype, inflammation, treatment escalation and anti-TNF response in a European Multicentre Study (IBD-Character). Scand J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:1146-1156. [PMID: 32780604 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1803396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
METHOD We examined faecal samples, using the GA-map™ Dysbiosis Test, to associate gut microbiota composition with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and to identify markers for future biomarker identification. We conducted a prospective case-control study (EU-ref. no. 305676) in an inception cohort of 324 individuals (64 CD, 84 UC, 116 symptomatic non-IBD controls and 44 healthy controls) across five European centres and examined 54 predetermined bacterial markers. We categorized patients according to the Montreal Classification and calculated the dysbiosis index (DI). Non-parametric tests were used to compare groups and the Bonferroni correction to adjust for multiple comparisons. RESULTS The fluorescent signals (FSSs) for Firmicutes and Eubacterium hallii were lower in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) vs. symptomatic controls (p<.05). FSS for Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Eubacterium hallii and Ruminococcus albus/bromii were lower, whereas the signal for Bacteroides Fragilis was higher in UC vs. symptomatic controls (p<.05). FSS was higher for Bifidobacterium spp., Eubacterium hallii, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes among patients with ulcerative proctitis, compared to extensive colitis (p<.05). In CD, we observed no association with disease location. The DI correlated with faecal-calprotectin in both CD and in UC (p<.001). In terms of treatment escalation and anti-TNF response, differences were observed for some bacterial markers, but none of these associations were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our data reveal that the GA-map™ Dysbiosis Test holds the potential to characterize the faecal microbiota composition and to assess the degree of dysbiosis in new-onset IBD. On the other hand, our results cannot demonstrate any proven diagnostic or predictive value of this method to support clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Carstens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - D Bergemalm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - C Casén
- Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway
| | - A E F Moen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - T M Tannaes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - J Lindstrøm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - T E Detlie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Olbjørn
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - C M Lindquist
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - J D Söderholm
- Digestive Diseases Unit, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F Gomollón
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Centre for Genomics and Molecular Medicine, Division of Medical and Radiological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R Kalla
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Medical Sciences/Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Medical Sciences/Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M H Vatn
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Jahnsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - P Ricanek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Chauhan A, Lalor T, Watson S, Adams D, Farrah TE, Anand A, Kimmitt R, Mills NL, Webb DJ, Dhaun N, Kalla R, Adams A, Vatn S, Bonfliglio F, Nimmo E, Kennedy N, Ventham N, Vatn M, Ricanek P, Halfvarson J, Soderhollm J, Pierik M, Torkvist L, Gomollon F, Gut I, Jahnsen J, Satsangi J, Body R, Almashali M, McDowell G, Taylor P, Lacey A, Rees A, Dayan C, Lazarus J, Nelson S, Okosieme O, Corcoran D, Young R, Ciadella P, McCartney P, Bajrangee A, Hennigan B, Collison D, Carrick D, Shaukat A, Good R, Watkins S, McEntegart M, Watt J, Welsh P, Sattar N, McConnachie A, Oldroyd K, Berry C, Parks T, Auckland K, Mentzer AJ, Kado J, Mirabel MM, Kauwe JK, Robson KJ, Mittal B, Steer AC, Hill AVS, Akbar M, Forrester M, Virlan AT, Gilmour A, Wallace C, Paterson C, Reid D, Siebert S, Porter D, Liversidge J, McInnes I, Goodyear C, Athwal V, Pritchett J, Zaitoun A, Irving W, Guha IN, Hanley NA, Hanley KP, Briggs T, Reynolds J, Rice G, Bondet V, Bruce E, Crow Y, Duffy D, Parker B, Bruce I, Martin K, Pritchett J, Aoibheann Mullan M, Llewellyn J, Athwal V, Zeef L, Farrow S, Streuli C, Henderson N, Friedman S, Hanley N, Hanley KP. Scientific Business Abstracts of the 112th Annual Meeting of the Association of Physicians of Great Britain and Ireland. QJM 2018; 111:920-924. [PMID: 31222346 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - T Lalor
- From the University of Birmingham
| | - S Watson
- From the University of Birmingham
| | - D Adams
- From the University of Birmingham
| | - T E Farrah
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - A Anand
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - R Kimmitt
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - N L Mills
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - D J Webb
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - N Dhaun
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh
| | - R Kalla
- From the University of Edinburgh
| | - A Adams
- From the University of Edinburgh
| | - S Vatn
- Akerhshus University Hospital
| | | | - E Nimmo
- From the University of Edinburgh
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M Pierik
- Maastricht University Medical Centre
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Body
- From the University of Manchester
| | - M Almashali
- Manchester University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - A Rees
- From the Cardiff University
| | | | | | | | | | - D Corcoran
- From the British Heart Foundation (BHF), Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - R Young
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow
| | - P Ciadella
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - P McCartney
- From the British Heart Foundation (BHF), Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - A Bajrangee
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - B Hennigan
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - D Collison
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - D Carrick
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - A Shaukat
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - R Good
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - S Watkins
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - M McEntegart
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - J Watt
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - P Welsh
- From the British Heart Foundation (BHF), Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - N Sattar
- From the British Heart Foundation (BHF), Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - A McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow
| | - K Oldroyd
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital
| | - C Berry
- From the British Heart Foundation (BHF), Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - T Parks
- From the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- University of Oxford
| | | | | | - J Kado
- Fiji Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services
| | - M M Mirabel
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research
| | | | | | - B Mittal
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - A C Steer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute
| | | | - M Akbar
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - M Forrester
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen
| | - A T Virlan
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - A Gilmour
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - C Wallace
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen
| | - C Paterson
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - D Reid
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen
| | - S Siebert
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - D Porter
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - J Liversidge
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen
| | - I McInnes
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - C Goodyear
- From the Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow
| | - V Athwal
- From the Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust
- University of Manchester
| | | | | | | | | | - N A Hanley
- From the Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust
- University of Manchester
| | | | - T Briggs
- From the Manchester Centre of Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester
| | - J Reynolds
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - G Rice
- From the Manchester Centre of Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester
| | - V Bondet
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur
| | - E Bruce
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - Y Crow
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine
| | - D Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur
| | - B Parker
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - I Bruce
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - K Martin
- From the University of Manchester
| | | | | | | | - V Athwal
- From the University of Manchester
| | - L Zeef
- From the University of Manchester
| | - S Farrow
- From the University of Manchester
- Respiratory Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline
| | | | | | | | - N Hanley
- From the University of Manchester
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Knappe-Poindecker M, Jørgensen H, Jensen T, Tesfamichael B, Ulvund M, Vatn S, Fjeldaas T. Experimental infection of sheep with ovine and bovine Dichelobacter nodosus isolates. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vatn S, Hektoen L, Høyland B, Reiersen A, Kampen A, Jørgensen H. Elimination of severe footrot from the Norwegian sheep population – A progress report. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Simensen E, Valle PS, Vatn S. A mail survey of factors affecting performance in 627 selected sheep flocks in south-eastern Norway. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2010.508128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vatn S, Gunnes G, Nybø K, Juul HM. Possible involvement of Sarcina ventriculi in canine and equine acute gastric dilatation. Acta Vet Scand 2001. [PMID: 11126583 DOI: 10.1186/bf03549642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pedersen TR, Jahnsen KE, Vatn S, Semb AG, Kontny F, Zalmai A, Nerdrum T. Benefits of early lipid-lowering intervention in high-risk patients: the lipid intervention strategies for coronary patients study. Clin Ther 2000; 22:949-60. [PMID: 10972631 DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(00)80066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy about whether lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy should be initiated immediately after an acute coronary event or only after diet and lifestyle changes have proved inadequate. OBJECTIVE This study, known as the Lipid Intervention Strategies for Coronary Patients Study, compared the efficacy of immediate versus deferred simvastatin treatment in conjunction with dietary advice about reducing lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic patients with acute coronary syndromes. METHODS This randomized, open-label, parallel-group study included 151 hypercholesterolemic (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] >3.0 mmol/L) men and women aged 35 to 75 years. Within 4 days of diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina pectoris, all patients received dietary advice from a specially trained nurse. Subsequently, patients were randomized to 2 treatment groups: 1 group received immediate treatment with simvastatin 40 mg/d; patients in the other group received simvastatin 40 mg/d after 3 months only if their LDL-C remained >3.0 mmol/L. RESULTS The immediate-simvastatin group (n = 73) and the deferred-simvastatin group (n = 78) were balanced with respect to baseline characteristics. Of the 151 patients, 25% were women, 25% had concomitant hypertension, and 75% had a diagnosis of MI on enrollment. At 3 months, 90% of the patients receiving dietary advice plus immediate simvastatin treatment had achieved the recommended European target LDL-C level of <3.0 mmol/L, compared with 7% of those treated with diet alone. By 6 months, when 92% of the study participants were receiving simvastatin 40 mg/d, the proportion of patients achieving target LDL-C levels was 92% in the group that received immediate simvastatin therapy and 81% in the group that received deferred simvastatin therapy. The reductions in LDL-C (42%-48%) were considered to be clinically comparable between the 2 groups at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we concluded that few patients with hypercholesterolemia and acute coronary syndromes reach the recommended European target LDL-C level of <3.0 mmol/L with dietary advice alone. However, early treatment with simvastatin 40 mg/d combined with dietary advice and follow-up at a dedicated outpatient clinic specializing in coronary heart disease resulted in 9 out of 10 patients reaching a recommended target LDL-C level of <3.0 mmol/L. Initiation of simvastatin therapy while a patient is hospitalized may increase the likelihood of the patient's lipid levels being managed according to current recommendations after he or she is discharged.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Pedersen
- Cardiology Department, Aker University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Abstract
The median concentration of histamine in abomasal fluid of lambs with abomasal haemorrhage and/or ulcers (group 2) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the concentrations in lambs presenting abomasal bloat (group 1) and in the healthy and the diseased controls. In group 2, there was also a strong correlation (R2 = 0.81) between the histamine concentrations in abomasal tissue and abomasal fluid, although the median value of histamine in the abomasal tissue was not statistically higher in this group than in the others. The urine of lambs in group 2 also had numerically higher median concentration of histamine than the other groups. Five out of eight tested strains of Lactobacillus spp. and one out of two strains of Clostridium sordellii, isolated from abomasal contents of lambs with abomasal disease, were strong producers of histamine. Bacterial production is one possible source for the increased histamine concentrations in lambs suffering from abomasal haemorrhage and/or ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Sheep and Goat Research, Sandnes, Norway.
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11
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Abstract
A preliminary study revealed significantly lower serum iron concentrations in lambs that developed abomasal bloat about one week later, than in lambs that did not develop bloat. In a subsequent trial, with 754 naturally reared twin lambs from five flocks, iron dextran injections were found to have a preventive effect on the development of abomasal bloat. Clinical signs of abomasal bloat were observed in the placebo-treated lamb of 16 couples and in the iron-treated lamb of six couples (P<0.05). In three further couples, both lambs developed bloat. The iron-treated group had significantly (P<0.001) better average weight gains, both from birth to summer, and from birth to autumn of approximately 0.5 and 1 kg, respectively. There was a reduction in red blood cell values and iron saturation in the placebo group 14 days after treatment but not in the iron-treated lambs. In one of the flocks, there was a decrease in the cumulative incidence of abomasal bloat from 37 per cent to 3 per cent during the period of four years after measures such as later lambing, earlier turnout and iron injections were introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Department of Sheep and Goat Research, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Sandnes
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12
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Vatn S, Tranulis MA, Hofshagen M. Sarcina -like bacteria, Clostridium fallax and Clostridium sordellii in lambs with abomasal bloat, haemorrhage and ulcers. J Comp Pathol 2000; 122:193-200. [PMID: 10684688 DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.1999.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A study of abomasal disease in lambs aged 2-5 weeks, made during the period 1993-1998, included 67 cases and 45 non-affected controls. Gross pathological findings included various combinations of bloat, haemorrhage and ulcers in the abomasum. Sarcina -like bacteria were found in sections and smears from the abomasum of 79% (53/67) of the cases. From one case, a lamb with abomasal bloat, the anaerobic "packet"-forming Sarcina ventriculi was cultivated from the abomasal contents and identified by biochemical reactions and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Sarcina -like bacteria were observed microscopically in specimens from 94% (44/47) of the lambs with abomasal gas and in 45% (9/20) of those with ulcers or haemorrhage or both but little gas. On culture, abomasal contents from 41 cases yielded Clostridium fallax from 16 (39%) and Clostridium sordellii from eight (20%); abomasal cultures from 30 control lambs were negative for the three bacterial species. Quantitative cultivation, carried out on abomasal contents from live lambs and lambs dead </=3 h, showed that Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus spp. were present in the majority of both cases and controls, with no significant differences in the mean numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Department of Sheep and Goat Research, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Kyrkjevegen, Sandnes, 332/334,4325, Norway
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13
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Abstract
An experiment including 39 pairs of housed twin lambs was performed to evaluate the effect of an oral iron supplement (Fe-MAX Starter) on clinical pathology, growth rates and disease occurrence. Significant differences between the iron supplemented group (Fe-group) and the controls were seen, for varying periods of time, for all red blood cell and iron parameters examined. In spite of this, 25% of the iron supplemented lambs had haemoglobin values below 80 g/L 4 weeks after treatment, whereas 33% of the controls had corresponding values 3 weeks after treatment, indicating that one single iron dose was insufficient to prevent iron deficiency anaemia. No significant positive effect on live weights was seen. However, the Fe-group had a poorer daily weight gain during the first week after dosing (p < 0.01), but a better daily gain during the second (p < 0.01) and third weeks. No effects were seen on disease occurrence. An additional trial with iron dextran injections to 5 untreated 21 days old lambs with varying haemoglobin values, revealed a rapid increase in the red cell distribution in anaemic lambs, with production of macrocytic, mainly normochromic erythrocytes. The new erythrocyte population was visible on the cytogram after 2 to 3 days and on the histogram after 5 days.
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14
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Abstract
An abomasal syndrome affecting mainly three- to four-week-old lambs was studied by using a case-control design involving 88 cases and 85 controls. The principal clinical signs were tympany and colic. The cases were divided into three groups according to the main gross pathological findings in 82 of them. The 28 lambs in group 1 had abomasal tympany, the 29 lambs in group 2 had severe damage to the abomasal mucosa, and the 25 lambs in group 3 consisted mainly of lambs with various other diseases in combination with abomasal changes. The lambs in group 1 had a significantly (P<0.05) lower mean (se) abomasal pH (2.7 [0.19]) than those in group 2 (4.1 [0.32]), group 3 (3.7 [0.39]) or the controls (3.3 [0.13]). The ruminal pH values ranged from 3.5 to 7.4 but there were no significant differences between the groups. Lambs with ulcers had a significantly (P<0.05) higher frequency of trichophytobezoars, than the cases without ulcers or the controls. The tympanic lambs in group 1 had a significantly higher mean packed cell volume, and higher mean red and white blood cell counts, and a significantly lower mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin concentration than the healthy control lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Department of Sheep and Goat Research, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Sandnes
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15
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Vatn S, Framstad T. Anaemia in housed lambs: effects of oral iron on clinical pathology and performance. Acta Vet Scand 2000; 41:273-81. [PMID: 11126577 PMCID: PMC7996407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An experiment including 39 pairs of housed twin lambs was performed to evaluate the effect of an oral iron supplement (Fe-MAX Starter) on clinical pathology, growth rates and disease occurrence. Significant differences between the iron supplemented group (Fe-group) and the controls were seen, for varying periods of time, for all red blood cell and iron parameters examined. In spite of this, 25% of the iron supplemented lambs had haemoglobin values below 80 g/L 4 weeks after treatment, whereas 33% of the controls had corresponding values 3 weeks after treatment, indicating that one single iron dose was insufficient to prevent iron deficiency anaemia. No significant positive effect on live weights was seen. However, the Fe-group had a poorer daily weight gain during the first week after dosing (p < 0.01), but a better daily gain during the second (p < 0.01) and third weeks. No effects were seen on disease occurrence. An additional trial with iron dextran injections to 5 untreated 21 days old lambs with varying haemoglobin values, revealed a rapid increase in the red cell distribution in anaemic lambs, with production of macrocytic, mainly normochromic erythrocytes. The new erythrocyte population was visible on the cytogram after 2 to 3 days and on the histogram after 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Sheep and Goat Research, Sandnes, Norway.
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16
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Vatn S, Gunnes G, Nybø K, Juul HM. Possible involvement of Sarcina ventriculi in canine and equine acute gastric dilatation. Acta Vet Scand 2000; 41:333-7. [PMID: 11126583 PMCID: PMC7996442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Vatn
- Department of Sheep and Goat Research, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Sandnes, Norway.
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17
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Pedersen T, Jahnsen KE, Vatn S, Semb A, Kontny F, Zalmai A, Nerdrum T. Lipid intervention strategies in acute coronary syndromes: A randomised trial with simvastatin. Atherosclerosis 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(99)80755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gunnes
- Department of Morphology, Genetics and Aquatic Biology, Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine
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19
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Aarseth S, Vatn S, Aarseth HP. [Occupational environment and health among hospital physicians]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1993; 113:1864-8. [PMID: 8322329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
66% of the hospital doctors at the Central Hospital, Akershus and Ullevål Hospital responded to a questionnaire concerning different aspects of a doctor's work situation and health. The investigation revealed a large work load and lack of consulting rooms and equipment. Violence, threats, abusive language, risk of infection, high temperatures, cytostatic drugs, narcosic gases, irradiation are all risk factors during daily work for a large percentage of the doctors. Even so, they seem to be fairly satisfied with the organization of the work, and nearly all of them enjoy their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aarseth
- Bedriftshelsetjenesten Sentralsykehuset i Akershus, Nordbyhagen
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20
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Aarseth S, Vatn S, Aarseth HP. [Exposure to blood among hospital physicians]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1993; 113:24-6. [PMID: 8424245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We used a questionnaire to study the working situation of physicians in two large Norwegian hospitals. During the last six months 40% of the doctors reported one or more episodes of exposure to blood when transfer of infectious agents such as hepatitis B-virus or HIV would have been possible. The fact that so many doctors had been exposed to blood conflicts with the low number reported to the hospital department of the occupational health service. Surprisingly, 40% of the physicians who reported exposure were physicians not taking part in surgical procedures. All hospitals should establish follow-up procedures for employees exposed to blood or other possible infectious agents, and physicians should be urged to follow these routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aarseth
- Bedriftshelsetjenesten, Sentralsykehuset, Akershus, Nordbyhagen
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21
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Arva P, Dobloug JH, Vatn S, Aarseth S, Lystad A. [The risk of exposure to hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus among employees at Norwegian hospitals]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1990; 110:2660-2. [PMID: 2219036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During the period from 1986 to 1989 a study was carried out to determine the risk of occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus among approximately 5,500 employees at Aker hospital, Ullevål hospital and "Sentralsykehuset" in Akershus. Four hundred and fourteen injuries were reported during the study period of approximately 16,800 man-years, corresponding to an injury rate of 2.4/100 man-years. The majority of injuries occurred during direct patient contact in the wards. Of the known sources 8.2% were HBsAg positive and 16.8% HIV-antibody positive. One attendant contracted hepatitis B during the observation period. No HIV-seroconversion has been observed as yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arva
- Bedriftshelsetjenesten, Aker sykehus, Oslo
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