1
|
Perlitz J, Prihoda F, Bänsch E, Lee G, Will S. Untersuchung der Protein‐Einzeltropfentrocknung in einem akustischen Levitator mithilfe laseroptischer Messmethoden. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. A. Perlitz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) Am Weichselgarten 8 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) Paul-Gordan-Str. 6 91052 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - F. Prihoda
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie (LPT) Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - E. Bänsch
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Mathematik 3 (AM3) Cauerstr. 11 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - G. Lee
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie (LPT) Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - S. Will
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) Am Weichselgarten 8 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) Paul-Gordan-Str. 6 91052 Erlangen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perlitz J, Prihoda F, Koch H, Lee G, Will S. In-situ-Untersuchung der Strukturveränderungen von Enzymen während der Trocknung in einem akustischen Levitator. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Perlitz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik; Am Weichselgarten 8 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies; Paul-Gordan-Straße 6 91052 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - F. Prihoda
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - H. Koch
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik; Am Weichselgarten 8 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies; Paul-Gordan-Straße 6 91052 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - G. Lee
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie; Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - S. Will
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik; Am Weichselgarten 8 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität; Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies; Paul-Gordan-Straße 6 91052 Erlangen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Koch H, Polepil S, Eisen K, Will S. Raman microspectroscopy and multivariate data analysis: optical differentiation of aqueous d- and l-tryptophan solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:30533-30539. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of Raman spectroscopy as a sensitive and selective optical measurement technique and multivariate data analysis forms a powerful tool for probing intermolecular interactions between enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Koch
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91052 Erlangen
| | - S. Polepil
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - K. Eisen
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91052 Erlangen
| | - S. Will
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91052 Erlangen
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Henderson SJ, Konkar A, Hornigold DC, Trevaskis JL, Jackson R, Fritsch Fredin M, Jansson‐Löfmark R, Naylor J, Rossi A, Bednarek MA, Bhagroo N, Salari H, Will S, Oldham S, Hansen G, Feigh M, Klein T, Grimsby J, Maguire S, Jermutus L, Rondinone CM, Coghlan MP. Robust anti-obesity and metabolic effects of a dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor peptide agonist in rodents and non-human primates. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:1176-1190. [PMID: 27377054 PMCID: PMC5129521 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize the pharmacology of MEDI0382, a peptide dual agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDI0382 was evaluated in vitro for its ability to stimulate cAMP accumulation in cell lines expressing transfected recombinant or endogenous GLP-1 or glucagon receptors, to potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β-cell lines and stimulate hepatic glucose output (HGO) by primary hepatocytes. The ability of MEDI0382 to reduce body weight and improve energy balance (i.e. food intake and energy expenditure), as well as control blood glucose, was evaluated in mouse models of obesity and healthy cynomolgus monkeys following single and repeated daily subcutaneous administration for up to 2 months. RESULTS MEDI0382 potently activated rodent, cynomolgus and human GLP-1 and glucagon receptors and exhibited a fivefold bias for activation of GLP-1 receptor versus the glucagon receptor. MEDI0382 produced superior weight loss and comparable glucose lowering to the GLP-1 peptide analogue liraglutide when administered daily at comparable doses in DIO mice. The additional fat mass reduction elicited by MEDI0382 probably results from a glucagon receptor-mediated increase in energy expenditure, whereas food intake suppression results from activation of the GLP-1 receptor. Notably, the significant weight loss elicited by MEDI0382 in DIO mice was recapitulated in cynomolgus monkeys. CONCLUSIONS Repeated administration of MEDI0382 elicits profound weight loss in DIO mice and non-human primates, produces robust glucose control and reduces hepatic fat content and fasting insulin and glucose levels. The balance of activities at the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors is considered to be optimal for achieving weight and glucose control in overweight or obese Type 2 diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S. Will
- MedImmune LLCGaithersburgMDUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boch T, Spiess B, Cornely O, Vehreschild J, Rath P, Steinmann J, Heinz W, Hahn J, Krause S, Kiehl M, Egerer G, Liebregts T, Koldehoff M, Klein M, Nolte F, Mueller M, Merker N, Will S, Mossner M, Popp H, Hofmann WK, Reinwald M, Buchheidt D. Diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in haematological patients by combined use of galactomannan, 1,3-β-D-glucan, Aspergillus PCR, multifungal DNA-microarray, and Aspergillus azole resistance PCRs in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage samples: results of a prospective multicentre study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:862-868. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Koch H, Noack K, Will S. Raman excess spectroscopy vs. principal component analysis: probing the intermolecular interactions between chiral molecules and imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:28370-28375. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PCA: Optical separation of glucose enantiomers based on enantioselective interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Koch
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - K. Noack
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - S. Will
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Boch T, Reinwald M, Postina P, Cornely OA, Vehreschild JJ, Heußel CP, Heinz WJ, Hoenigl M, Eigl S, Lehrnbecher T, Hahn J, Claus B, Lauten M, Egerer G, Müller MC, Will S, Merker N, Hofmann WK, Buchheidt D, Spiess B. Identification of invasive fungal diseases in immunocompromised patients by combining an Aspergillus specific PCR with a multifungal DNA-microarray from primary clinical samples. Mycoses 2015; 58:735-45. [PMID: 26497302 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of invasive fungal diseases (IFD), most of all invasive aspergillosis (IA) in immunocompromised patients emphasises the need to improve the diagnostic tools for detection of fungal pathogens. We investigated the diagnostic performance of a multifungal DNA-microarray detecting 15 different fungi [Aspergillus, Candida, Fusarium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Scedosporium and Trichosporon species (spp.)] in addition to an Aspergillus specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral blood samples of 133 immunocompromised patients (pts) were investigated by a multifungal DNA-microarray as well as a nested Aspergillus specific PCR assay. Patients had proven (n = 18), probable (n = 29), possible (n = 48) and no IFD (n = 38) and were mostly under antifungal therapy at the time of sampling. The results were compared to culture, histopathology, imaging and serology, respectively. For the non-Aspergillus IFD the microarray analysis yielded in all samples a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 80%. Best results for the detection of all IFD were achieved by combining DNA-microarray and Aspergillus specific PCR in biopsy samples (sensitivity 79%; specificity 71%). The molecular assays in combination identify genomic DNA of fungal pathogens and may improve identification of causative pathogens of IFD and help overcoming the diagnostic uncertainty of culture and/or histopathology findings, even during antifungal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Boch
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Reinwald
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Postina
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - O A Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, ZKS Köln, BMBF 01KN1106, Centre for Integrated Oncology CIO Köln Bonn, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J J Vehreschild
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C P Heußel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W J Heinz
- Department II of Internal Medicine, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Hoenigl
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Eigl
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine and Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Lehrnbecher
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Hahn
- Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Claus
- Ludwigshafen General Hospital, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - M Lauten
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - G Egerer
- Department V of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M C Müller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Will
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - N Merker
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - W-K Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Buchheidt
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - B Spiess
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koch H, Noack K, Kiefer J, Kaspereit M, Will S. Experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchung optisch aktiver Moleküle zur Online-Analyse der Enantiomerentrennung mittels Raman-Spektroskopie. CHEM-ING-TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201450407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
An intensifier based Raman measuring strategy is introduced which allows for a phase-specific signal detection of one single phase in segmented flows at droplet generation frequencies of potentially up to several kHz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Luther
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Thermodynamik (LTT) and Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Opitz A, Paulus W, Will S, Thielscher A. P652: Where do we stimulate with tDCS? Anatomical determinants of the electric field during transcranial direct current stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
Chambe J, Will S, Lefebvre F, Bourgeois-Jacquet M, Ruppert E, Bourgin P. Insomnie chronique des médecins généralistes : prévalence, automédication et son impact sur leur prescription. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2014.01.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
|
13
|
Herdan A, Roth R, Grass D, Klimek M, Will S, Schauf B, Rossaint R, Heesen M. Improvement of quality of reporting in randomised controlled trials to prevent hypotension after spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 8:121-127. [PMID: 21654900 PMCID: PMC3083505 DOI: 10.1007/s10397-010-0648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypotension is a frequent complication of spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section and can threaten the well-being of the unborn child. Numerous randomised controlled trials (RCTs) dealt with measures to prevent hypotension. The aim of this study was to determine the reporting quality of RCTs using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement since low quality can lend false credibility to a study and overestimate the effect of an intervention. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed to identify relevant RCTs in a pre-CONSORT period (1990-1994) and a post-CONSORT period (2004-2008). A comparative evaluation was done between the two periods, and the trials were assessed for compliance with each of the 22 CONSORT items. A total of 37 RCTs was identified. The CONSORT score increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 66.7% (±12.5%) in the pre-CONSORT period to 87.4% (±6.9%) in the post-CONSORT period. A statistically significant improvement was found for eight items, including randomization, blinding and intention-to-treat analysis. The CONSORT score in the post-CONSORT era was fairly good, also in comparison to other medical fields. In the post-CONSORT era, reporting of important items improved, in particular in the domains that are crucial to avoid bias and to improve internal validity. Use of CONSORT should be encouraged in order to keep or even improve the reporting quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Herdan
- Department of Anesthesia, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - R. Roth
- Department of Anesthesia, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - D. Grass
- Department of Anesthesia, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - M. Klimek
- Department of Anesthesia, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein, 1101 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. Will
- Department of Obstetrics, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - B. Schauf
- Department of Obstetrics, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - R. Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesia, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Heesen
- Department of Anesthesia, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Buger Str. 80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
- Klinik für Anästhesie, Klinikum Bamberg, Buger Str.80, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Charov O, Rathke B, Will S. Untersuchungen zu Bildungskinetik und Wachstum von CO2-Gas-Hydraten. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
15
|
Oltmann H, Altenhoff M, Reimann J, Will S. Lichtstreuung zur Online-Charakterisierung von Nanopartikeln. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
16
|
Rathke B, Will S, Hammerschmidt U. Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit ionischer Flüssigkeiten mit der Transient Hot-Bridge (THB) Methode. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
17
|
Schmeken L, Glade H, Will S. Gekoppelte Produktion von Strom und Wasser mit Brennstoffzellen und Entsalzungsanlagen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
18
|
Perreault M, Will S, Panza D, Gareski T, Harding K, Kubasiak D, Jalenak M, Gartrell K, Wang S, Bollag G, Artis DR, Ibrahim PN, Womack P, Lin JJ, Saiah E, Mansour TS, Vlasuk GP, Erbe DV, Tobin JF. Modulation of nutrient sensing nuclear hormone receptors promotes weight loss through appetite suppression in mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12:234-45. [PMID: 20152000 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Three isoforms of PPARs have been identified with different tissue distribution and biological functions. Although the pharmacology of each receptor is well studied, the physiological effect of simultaneous activation of PPARalpha, gamma and delta is only starting to emerge. We sought to determine the biological effects of a novel PPAR pan activator and elucidate the physiological mechanisms involved. METHODS Ob/ob, diet-induced obese (DIO) or PPARalpha knockout mice were administered a novel agonist that activates all PPARs to various degrees to determine the effect on body weight, body composition, food intake and energy expenditure. In addition, serum parameters including glucose, insulin, triglycerides and ketone bodies as well as tissue acylcarnitine were evaluated. The effect of the novel agonist on liver and skeletal muscle histopathology was also studied. RESULTS We report that simultaneous activation of all PPARs resulted in substantial weight loss in ob/ob and DIO mice. Consistent with known PPAR pharmacology, we observed that agonist treatment increased lipid oxidation, although appetite suppression was mainly responsible for the weight loss. Agonist-induced weight loss was completely absent in PPARalpha knockout mice suggesting that PPARalpha pharmacology was the major contributor to weight regulation in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our work provides evidence that simultaneous activation of PPARalpha, gamma and delta decreases body weight by regulating appetite. These effects of the pan agonist were completely absent in PPARalpha knockout mice, suggesting that PPARalpha pharmacology was the major contributor to weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Perreault
- Metabolic Disease and Hemophilia Research, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vale V, Rathke B, Will S, Schröer W. Eigenschaften von CnmimNTf2/ n-Alkanol Mischungen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
20
|
Krömer K, Glade H, Will S, Nied S, Montero Pancera S, Schürmann G. Reduktion von Kristallisationsfouling in Mehreffekt-Verdampfern zur Meerwasserentsalzung in einem erweiterten Prozessparameterbereich. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
21
|
Reimann J, Kuhlmann SA, Oltmann H, Will S. 2D-Messung gasgetragener Rußpartikel durch kombinierte optische Messverfahren. CHEM-ING-TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200950238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Erbe DV, Klaman LD, Wilson DP, Wan ZK, Kirincich SJ, Will S, Xu X, Kung L, Wang S, Tam S, Lee J, Tobin JF. Prodrug delivery of novel PTP1B inhibitors to enhance insulin signalling. Diabetes Obes Metab 2009; 11:579-88. [PMID: 19383031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A growing percentage of the population is resistant to two key hormones - insulin and leptin - as a result of increased obesity, often leading to significant health consequences such as type 2 diabetes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of signalling by both of these hormones, so that inhibitors of this enzyme may provide promise for correcting endocrine abnormalities in both diabetes and obesity. As with other tyrosine phosphatases, identification of viable drug candidates targeting PTP1B has been elusive because of the nature of its active site. Beginning with novel phosphotyrosine mimetics, we have designed some of the most potent PTP1B inhibitors. However, their highly acidic structures limit intrinsic permeability and pharmacokinetics. Ester prodrugs of these inhibitors improve their drug-like properties with the goal of delivering these nanomolar inhibitors to the cytoplasm of cells within target tissues. In addition to identifying prodrugs that is able to deliver active drugs into cells to inhibit PTP1B and increase insulin signalling, these compounds were further modified to gain a variety of cleavage properties for targeting activity in vivo. One such prodrug candidate improved insulin sensitivity in ob/ob mice, with lowered fasting blood glucose levels seen in the context of lowered fasting insulin levels following 4 days of intraperitoneal dosing. The results presented in this study highlight the potential for design of orally active drug candidates targeting PTP1B, while also delineating the considerable challenges remaining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D V Erbe
- Departments of Metabolic Diseases and Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Best T, Will S, Schneider U, Hackermüller L, van Oosten D, Bloch I, Lühmann DS. Role of interactions in 87Rb-40K Bose-Fermi mixtures in a 3D optical lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:030408. [PMID: 19257334 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of interspecies interaction on a degenerate mixture of bosonic 87Rb and fermionic 40K atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice potential. Using a Feshbach resonance, the 87Rb-40K interaction is tuned over a wide range. Through an analysis of the 87Rb momentum distribution, we find a pronounced asymmetry between strong repulsion and strong attraction. In the latter case, we observe a marked shift in the superfluid to Mott insulator transition, which we attribute to a renormalization of the Bose-Hubbard parameters due to self-trapping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Th Best
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schneider U, Hackermuller L, Will S, Best T, Bloch I, Costi TA, Helmes RW, Rasch D, Rosch A. Metallic and Insulating Phases of Repulsively Interacting Fermions in a 3D Optical Lattice. Science 2008; 322:1520-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1165449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 579] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
26
|
Behrens S, Bönnemann H, Modrow H, Kempter V, Riehemann W, Wiedenmann A, Odenbach S, Will S, Thrams L, Hergt R, Müller R, Landfester K, Schmidt A, Schüler D, Hempelmann R. Synthesis and Characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-85387-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
|
27
|
Rathke B, Milchsack J, Will S. Das Phasenverhalten der Systeme n-Heptan/P666, 14Cl und n-Heptan/P666, 14Br. CHEM-ING-TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
28
|
Patzke J, Rathke B, Will S. Dynamische Lichtstreuuntersuchungen an Ferrofluiden. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
29
|
Jo GB, Shin Y, Will S, Pasquini TA, Saba M, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE, Vengalattore M, Prentiss M. Long phase coherence time and number squeezing of two Bose-Einstein condensates on an atom chip. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:030407. [PMID: 17358668 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We measure the relative phase of two Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a radio frequency induced double-well potential on an atom chip. We observe phase coherence between the separated condensates for times up to approximately 200 ms after splitting, a factor of 10 longer than the phase diffusion time expected for a coherent state for our experimental conditions. The enhanced coherence time is attributed to number squeezing of the initial state by a factor of 10. In addition, we demonstrate a rotationally sensitive (Sagnac) geometry for a guided atom interferometer by propagating the split condensates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G-B Jo
- MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abahji TN, Tató F, Rieger J, Offner A, Will S, Hoelscher G, Weiss N, Hoffmann U. Stenting of the superficial femoral artery after suboptimal balloon angioplasty: one-year results. INT ANGIOL 2006; 25:184-9. [PMID: 16763537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to analyze the intermediate results of selective stenting of superficial femoral artery (SFA) lesions after a suboptimal balloon angioplasty result. METHODS We analyzed 70 consecutive patients with claudication or critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease who underwent stent implantation of the SFA after unsuccessful balloon-angioplasty. All patients were followed-up immediately after the procedure and 3, 6 and 12 months thereafter. Restenosis was defined as an increase of peak systolic velocity-index >2 as determined by duplex sonography. RESULTS Primary patency rates at 3, 6 and 12 months were 83.4%, 66.2% and 59%, respectively. Successful reinterventions were performed for 17 reobstructions, resulting in a secondary patency rate at 3, 6 and 12 months of 91%, 89.3%, and 83.8%, respectively. At 12 months 68.6% of the patients were asymptomatic, 21.6% complained of mild (Fontaine class II a), 5.9% of severe (Fontaine class II b) claudication and 2.9% were in critical limb ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that selective stenting of the SFA after suboptimal balloon angioplasty results in intermediate patency rates similar to that reported for primarily successful PTA, thereby supporting the widely accepted policy of selective stenting as a rescue procedure after unsuccessful balloon angioplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T N Abahji
- Division of Vascular Medicine, Medical Polyclinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dankers S, Leipertz A, Will S, Arndt J, Vogel K, Schraml S, Hemm A. In-situ Measurement of Primary Particle Sizes during Carbon Black Production. Chem Eng Technol 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200302955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
32
|
Dankers S, Schraml S, Will S, Leipertz A. Application of Laser-Induced Incandescence for the Determination of Primary Particle Sizes of Nanoparticles Demonstrated Using Carbon Blacks. Chem Eng Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4125(20021210)25:12<1160::aid-ceat1160>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
33
|
Meier F, Will S, Ellwanger U, Schlagenhauff B, Schittek B, Rassner G, Garbe C. Metastatic pathways and time courses in the orderly progression of cutaneous melanoma. Br J Dermatol 2002; 147:62-70. [PMID: 12100186 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that two-thirds of patients who develop clinical metastases following treatment of a primary cutaneous melanoma initially present with locoregional metastases and one-third initially present with distant metastases. However, few reports in the literature give detailed figures on different metastatic pathways in cutaneous melanoma. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to perform a detailed analysis of the different metastatic pathways, the time course of the development of metastases and the factors influencing them. METHODS In a series of 3001 patients with primary cutaneous melanoma at first presentation, 466 subsequently developed metastasis and were followed-up over the long term at the University of Tuebingen, Germany between 1976 and 1996. Different pathways of metastatic spread were traced. Associated risk factors for the different pathways were assessed. Differences in survival probabilities were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and evaluated by the log-rank test. RESULTS In 50.2% of the patients the first metastasis after treatment of the primary tumour developed in the regional lymph nodes. In the remaining half of the patient sample the first metastasis developed in the lymphatic drainage area in front of the regional lymph nodes, as satellite or in-transit metastases (21.7%) or as direct distant metastases (28.1%). Anatomical location, sex and tumour thickness were significant risk factors for the development of metastasis by different pathways. The most important risk factor appeared to be the location of the primary tumour. The median intervals elapsing before the first metastasis differed significantly between the different metastatic pathways. The direct distant metastases became manifest after a median period of 25 months, thus later than the direct regional lymph node metastases (median latency period, 16 months) and the direct satellite and in-transit metastases (median latency period, 17 months). In patients who developed distant metastases the period of development was independent of the metastatic route. The time at which the distant metastases developed was roughly the same (between 24 and 30 months after the detection of the primary tumour), irrespective of whether satellite or in-transit metastases, lymph node metastases or distant metastases were the first to occur. CONCLUSIONS The time course of the development of distant metastasis was more or less the same irrespective of the metastatic pathway; this suggests that in patients with in-transit or satellite metastasis or regional lymph node metastasis, haematogenic metastatic spread had already taken place. Thus, the diagnostic value of sentinel lymph node biopsy and the therapeutic benefit of elective lymph node dissection may be limited, as satellite and in-transit metastases or direct distant metastases will not be detected and haematogenous spread may already have taken place when the intervention is performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Meier
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Dankers S, Schraml S, Will S, Arndt J, Vogel K, Leipertz A. On-line-Charakterisierung von Industrierußen mit der zeitaufgelösten laserinduzierten Glühtechnik (TIRE-LII). CHEM-ING-TECH 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1522-2640(200205)74:5<551::aid-cite551>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
36
|
Dankers S, Schraml S, Will S, Leiperts A. Erprobung der laserinduzierten Glühtechnik zur Bestimmung der Primärpartikelgrößen von Nanoteilchen am Beispiel von Industrierußen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1522-2640(200202)74:1/2<104::aid-cite104>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
MacLehose R, Pitt G, Will S, Jones A, Duane L, Flaherty S, Hannant D, Stuttard B, Silverwood A, Snee K, Murray V, Syed Q, House I, Bellis MA. Mercury contamination incident. J Public Health Med 2001; 23:18-22. [PMID: 11315688 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/23.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper is to describe an incident where elemental mercury led to widespread contamination and the exposure of 225 individuals and confirmed toxicity in 19 individuals. The paper describes the incident and difficulties found in trying to assess the risk to individuals and to identify and decontaminate the residences involved. METHODS All individuals exposed to elemental mercury in the incident were followed up for 15 months. RESULTS Thirty-seven individuals were found to be 'at risk' and 13 were symptomatic of mercury poisoning. Five patients required chelation therapy. The incident was closed when the risk of poisoning and re-exposure was minimized. CONCLUSION Incident management depends on early effective communication and collaboration between all agencies involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R MacLehose
- Chemical Incident Response Service, Medical Toxicology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Trust, London.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kadish KM, Ou Z, Adamian VA, Guilard R, Gros CP, Erben C, Will S, Vogel E. Corroles with group 15 ions. 2. Synthesis and characterization of octaethylcorroles containing a phosphorus central atom. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:5675-82. [PMID: 11151367 DOI: 10.1021/ic0010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and electrochemistry of five new phosphorus corroles are reported. The investigated complexes contain alkyl, aryl, oxo, or hydrido axial ligands and are represented as (OEC)P(H)2, (OEC)P(CH3)2, (OEC)P(C6H5)2, (OEC)P=O, and [(OEC)P(CH3)]+ClO4-, where OEC is the trianion of octaethylcorrole. The products of electrooxidation and/or electroreduction were also characterized by UV-vis and ESR spectroscopy. Correlations are shown to exist between reversible half-wave potentials for the first oxidation and first reduction of each compound and the combined electronegativity of the central ion and the axial ligand(s). The electrochemical HOMO-LUMO gap, defined as the difference between first reduction and first oxidation, was found to be independent of the electron-transfer site and similar in magnitude to the value generally observed for metalloporphyrins with planar macrocycles, i.e., 2.25 +/- 0.15 V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Though the electrostatic, ionic, van der Waals, Lennard-Jones, hydrogen bonding, and other forces play an important role in the energy function minimized at a protein's native state, it is widely believed that the hydrophobic force is the dominant term in protein folding. Here we attempt to quantify the extent to which the hydrophobic force determines the positions of the backbone alpha-carbon atoms in PDB data, by applying Monte-Carlo and genetic algorithms to determine the predicted conformation with minimum energy, where only the hydrophobic force is considered (i.e. Dill's HP-model, and refinements using Woese's polar requirement). This is done by computing the root mean square deviation between the normalized distance matrix D = (di,j) (di,j is normalized Euclidean distance between residues ri and rj) for PDB data with that obtained from the output of our algorithms. Our program was run on the database of ancient conserved regions drawn from GenBank 101 generously supplied by W. Gilbert's lab, as well as medium-sized proteins (E. Coli RecA, 2reb, Erythrocruorin, 1eca, and Actinidin 2act). The root mean square deviation (RMSD) between distance matrices derived from the PDB data and from our program output is quite small, and by comparison with RMSD between PDB data and random coils, allows a quantification of the hydrophobic force contribution. A preliminary version of this paper appeared at GCB'99 (http:¿bibiserv.techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/gcb9 9/).
Collapse
|
40
|
Kadish KM, Erben C, Ou Z, Adamian VA, Will S, Vogel E. Corroles with group 15 metal ions. Synthesis and characterization of octaethylcorroles containing As, Sb, and Bi ions in +3, +4, and oxidation states. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:3312-9. [PMID: 11196869 DOI: 10.1021/ic991361m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and electrochemistry of As, Sb, and Bi corroles are reported. The investigated complexes are represented by [(OEC)AsV(CH3)]+ClO4- and (OEC)M where M = As(III), Sb(III), or Bi(III) and OEC is the trianion of octaethylcorrole. The products of each redox reaction are characterized by UV-vis and ESR spectroscopy. The first one-electron oxidations of (OEC)As and (OEC)Sb are metal-centered and result in the formation of [(OEC)AsIV]+ and [(OEC)SbIV]+. A second one-electron oxidations generates [(OEC)AsV]2+ and [(OEC.)SbIV]2+, the latter of which is slowly converted to a Sb(V) corrole, [(OEC)SbV]2+. The first one-electron oxidation of (OEC)Bi leads only to the Bi(III) pi-cation radical, but a second one-electron oxidation is proposed to give a Bi(IV) complex, [(OEC)Bi]2+. The first reduction of [(OEC)AsV(CH3)]+ClO4- is accompanied by loss of the sigma-bonded methyl ligand and formation of an As(III) complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Müller JF, Haynes D, McLachlan M, Böhme F, Will S, Shaw GR, Mortimer M, Sadler R, Connell DW. PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs and HCB in marine and estuarine sediments from Queensland, Australia. Chemosphere 1999; 39:1707-1721. [PMID: 10520488 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted PCDDs, PCDFs, selected PCB congeners and HCB were determined in sediment samples collected from sites along the east coast of Queensland in northern Australia. PCDDs were detectable in all sediment samples while PCDFs, PCBs and HCB were mainly found in sediment samples collected from sites in the Brisbane metropolitan area. The results provide evidence that an unidentified source for higher chlorinated PCDDs exists along the Queensland coast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Müller
- National Research Center for Environmental Toxicology, Qld., Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Backofen R, Will S, Bornberg-Bauer E. Application of constraint programming techniques for structure prediction of lattice proteins with extended alphabets. Bioinformatics 1999; 15:234-42. [PMID: 10222411 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/15.3.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Predicting the ground state of biopolymers is a notoriously hard problem in biocomputing. Model systems, such as lattice proteins, are simple tools and valuable to test and improve new methods. Best known are models with sequences composed from a binary (hydrophobic and polar) alphabet. The major drawback is the degeneracy, i.e. the number of different ground state conformations. RESULTS We show how recently developed constraint programming techniques can be used to solve the structure prediction problem efficiently for a higher order alphabet. To our knowledge it is the first report of an exact and computationally feasible solution to model proteins of length up to 36 and without resorting to maximally compact states. We further show that degeneracy is reduced by more than one order of magnitude and that ground state conformations are not necessarily compact. Therefore, more realistic protein simulations become feasible with our model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Backofen
- Institut für Informatik, LMU München, Oettingenstrasse 67, D-80538 München, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wickel HW, Will S, Leipertz A. 137. Photometrischer Schadstoffnachweis zur Prozeßdiagnostik bei der Bodenreinigung unter Verwendung der Fließinjektionsanalytik (FIA). CHEM-ING-TECH 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.3307009139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
44
|
|
45
|
Will S, Schraml S, Bader K, Leipertz A. Performance characteristics of soot primary particle size measurements by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence. Appl Opt 1998; 37:5647-5658. [PMID: 18286051 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.005647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A detailed analysis of various factors that influence the accuracy of time-resolved laser-induced incandescence for the determination of primary soot particles is given. As the technique relies on the measurement of the signal ratio at two detection times of the enhanced thermal radiation after an intense laser pulse, guidelines are presented for a suitable choice of detection times to minimize statistical uncertainty. An error analysis is presented for the issues of laser energy absorption, vaporization, heat conduction, and signal detection. Results are shown for a laminar ethene diffusion flame that demonstrate that concurring results are obtained for various laser irradiances, detection characteristics, and times of observation.
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Abstract
It is demonstrated that light scattering from surface waves on a vertical liquid layer can be used for the determination of surface tension and kinematic viscosity of the liquid under investigation. In contrast to usual approaches of surface light scattering, a setup is described that enables measurements with the same setup as that with experiments for the determination of other thermophysical properties by light scattering from bulk fluids and without an imposed grating or seed particles. The experiments rely on a heterodyne detection scheme and a signal analysis by photon correlation spectroscopy. First results are presented for toluene over a temperature range from 323 to 483 K at saturation conditions.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hubner T, Will S, Leipertz A. On-line-Partikelmeßtechnik zur Bodenanalytik durch Kombination von Photosedimentation und Laserbeugung. CHEM-ING-TECH 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.3306909160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
49
|
Schraml S, Will S, Leipertz A. 147. On-line-Charakterisierung von Nanoteilchen. CHEM-ING-TECH 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.3306809149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
50
|
Will S, Schraml S, Leipertz A. Two-dimensional soot-particle sizing by time-resolved laser-induced incandescence. Opt Lett 1995; 20:2342. [PMID: 19865213 DOI: 10.1364/ol.20.002342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|