1
|
Chicoine A, Renaud DL, Enouri SS, Dowling PM, Gu Y, Johnson RJ. Depletion of dexamethasone in cattle: Food safety study in dairy and beef cattle. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2024; 47:80-86. [PMID: 37755169 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Dexamethasone is approved for cattle in Canada for several conditions, but no withdrawal times are currently provided on the approved labels. Recently, the list of Maximum Residues Limits for Veterinary Drugs in Foods in Canada was amended to include dexamethasone. The objectives of this study were to determine the residue depletion profile of dexamethasone after an extra-label dosage regimen in milk of healthy lactating dairy cattle (n = 18) and in edible tissues of healthy beef cattle (n = 16) and to suggest withdrawal intervals. Dexamethasone was administered intramuscularly at 0.05 mg/kg daily for 3 days. Milk samples were collected prior to treatment and every 12 h up to 96 h post-dose. Muscle, liver, kidney, and peri-renal fat tissues were collected from beef cattle at 3, 7, 11, or 15 days post-dose. Dexamethasone analysis was performed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrophotometry. Dexamethasone residues were detected in milk samples up to 36 h. Muscle and fat had no detectable dexamethasone residues while kidney and liver had detectable residues only on day 3 post-dose. A withdrawal interval of 48 h for milk in Canadian dairy cattle and 7 days for meat in Canadian beef cattle are suggested for the dexamethasone treatment regimen most commonly requested to CgFARAD™.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Al Chicoine
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - David L Renaud
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saad S Enouri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia M Dowling
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron J Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Enouri SS, O'Sullivan TL, Ramkissoon S, Friendship RM, Gu Y, Johnson RJ. Pharmacokinetics of combined administration of iron dextran with meloxicam or flunixin meglumine in piglets. Can Vet J 2022; 63:727-734. [PMID: 35784780 PMCID: PMC9207966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of compounding non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) meloxicam or flunixin meglumine with iron dextran (ID) in piglets. ANIMAL Forty piglets (8 d of age) were randomly allocated into 5 groups (8 piglets/group) and received 1 intramuscular injection in the neck of the following treatments: flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg) administered alone (F) or mixed with ID (F+ID); or meloxicam (0.4 mg/kg) administered alone (M) or mixed with ID (M+ID); or ID alone. PROCEDURE Blood samples were collected via indwelling jugular catheters at pre-dose, and 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min, and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h post-treatment to determine plasma NSAIDs concentrations using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters for plasma meloxicam and flunixin meglumine concentration-time profiles were determined for each piglet using noncompartmental analysis approaches. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software with significance set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The AUC0-tlast, AUC0-∞, Cmax, and relative bioavailability values in the M+ID and F+ID groups were lower than corresponding M and F groups. The M+ID group elimination half-life was lower, whereas λz and tmax values were greater than the corresponding M group. CONCLUSION Relative bioavailability of meloxicam and flunixin meglumine were reduced when compounded with ID in the same bottle and administered to piglets. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Further research is warranted to evaluate if decreased NSAID exposure when compounded with ID alters analgesic efficacy or drug residue depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad S Enouri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Terri L O'Sullivan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Steve Ramkissoon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Robert M Friendship
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ron J Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Gu, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (O'Sullivan, Ramkissoon, Friendship), Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Enouri SS, Guerin MT, Wilson IG, Dowling PM, Johnson RJ. Tissue residue depletion of fenbendazole after oral administration in turkeys. Can Vet J 2019; 60:282-286. [PMID: 30872851 PMCID: PMC6380251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine tissue depletion of fenbendazole in turkeys and estimate a withdrawal interval (WDI). Forty-eight 9-week-old turkeys were fed fenbendazole at 30 mg/kg of feed for 7 consecutive days. Three hens and 3 toms were sacrificed every 2 days from 2 to 16 days post-treatment, and tissues were collected to determine fenbendazole sulfone (FBZ-SO2) concentrations using mass spectrometry. At all timepoints, FBZ-SO2 concentrations in liver and skin-adherent fat were above the limit of quantification (1 ppb), with higher concentrations than those in kidney and muscle. Two turkeys had detectable FBZ-SO2 concentrations in kidney at 16 days. No detectable FBZ-SO2 concentrations were found in muscle at 14 and 16 days. Fenbendazole residues depleted very slowly from the liver and a WDI of at least 39 days should be observed under the conditions of this study, in order to comply with Canadian regulatory agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad S Enouri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (Guerin), Ontario Veterinary College, Arkell Poultry and Equine Research Station (Wilson), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (Dowling)
| | - Michele T Guerin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (Guerin), Ontario Veterinary College, Arkell Poultry and Equine Research Station (Wilson), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (Dowling)
| | - Innes G Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (Guerin), Ontario Veterinary College, Arkell Poultry and Equine Research Station (Wilson), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (Dowling)
| | - Patricia M Dowling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (Guerin), Ontario Veterinary College, Arkell Poultry and Equine Research Station (Wilson), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (Dowling)
| | - Ron J Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Enouri, Johnson), Department of Population Medicine (Guerin), Ontario Veterinary College, Arkell Poultry and Equine Research Station (Wilson), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (Dowling)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Enouri SS, Kerr CL, McDonell WN, Dyson DH. Cardiopulmonary effects of anesthetic induction with thiopental, propofol, or a combination of ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam in dogs sedated with a combination of medetomidine and hydromorphone. Am J Vet Res 2008; 69:586-95. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.5.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
6
|
Rioja E, Kerr CL, Enouri SS, McDonell WN. Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride and their reversal with atipamezole hydrochloride in calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.232.5.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|