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Rosser J, Bachmann B, Jordan C, Ribitsch I, Haltmayer E, Gueltekin S, Junttila S, Galik B, Gyenesei A, Haddadi B, Harasek M, Egerbacher M, Ertl P, Jenner F. Microfluidic nutrient gradient-based three-dimensional chondrocyte culture-on-a-chip as an in vitro equine arthritis model. Mater Today Bio 2019; 4:100023. [PMID: 32159153 PMCID: PMC7061638 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2019.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we describe a microfluidic three-dimensional (3D) chondrocyte culture mimicking in vivo articular chondrocyte morphology, cell distribution, metabolism, and gene expression. This has been accomplished by establishing a physiologic nutrient diffusion gradient across the simulated matrix, while geometric design constraints of the microchambers drive native-like cellular behavior. Primary equine chondrocytes remained viable for the extended culture time of 3 weeks and maintained the low metabolic activity and high Sox9, aggrecan, and Col2 expression typical of articular chondrocytes. Our microfluidic 3D chondrocyte microtissues were further exposed to inflammatory cytokines to establish an animal-free, in vitro osteoarthritis model. Results of our study indicate that our microtissue model emulates the basic characteristics of native cartilage and responds to biochemical injury, thus providing a new foundation for exploration of osteoarthritis pathophysiology in both human and veterinary patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rosser
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - B Bachmann
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - C Jordan
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - I Ribitsch
- Department of Equine Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - E Haltmayer
- Department of Equine Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Gueltekin
- Department of Equine Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Junttila
- BIOCOMP, Bioinformatics & Scientific Computing VBCF, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, GmbH, Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - B Galik
- BIOCOMP, Bioinformatics & Scientific Computing VBCF, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, GmbH, Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Gyenesei
- BIOCOMP, Bioinformatics & Scientific Computing VBCF, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, GmbH, Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - B Haddadi
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Harasek
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Egerbacher
- Department of Equine Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Ertl
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - F Jenner
- Department of Equine Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Järvelä M, Huvinen M, Viitanen AK, Kanerva T, Vanhala E, Uitti J, Koivisto AJ, Junttila S, Luukkonen R, Tuomi T. Characterization of particle exposure in ferrochromium and stainless steel production. J Occup Environ Hyg 2016; 13:558-568. [PMID: 26950803 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2016.1159687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study describes workers' exposure to fine and ultrafine particles in the production chain of ferrochromium and stainless steel during sintering, ferrochromium smelting, stainless steel melting, and hot and cold rolling operations. Workers' personal exposure to inhalable dust was assessed using IOM sampler with a cellulose acetate filter (AAWP, diameter 25 mm; Millipore, Bedford, MA). Filter sampling methods were used to measure particle mass concentrations in fixed locations. Particle number concentrations and size distributions were examined using an SMPS+C sequential mobile particle sizer and counter (series 5.400, Grimm Aerosol Technik, Ainring, Germany), and a hand-held condensation particle counter (CPC, model 3007, TSI Incorporated, MN). The structure and elemental composition of particles were analyzed using TEM-EDXA (TEM: JEM-1220, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan; EDXA: Noran System Six, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Madison,WI). Workers' personal exposure to inhalable dust averaged 1.87, 1.40, 2.34, 0.30, and 0.17 mg m(-3) in sintering plant, ferrochromium smelter, stainless steel melting shop, hot rolling mill, and the cold rolling mill, respectively. Particle number concentrations measured using SMPS+C varied from 58 × 10(3) to 662 × 10(3) cm(-3) in the production areas, whereas concentrations measured using SMPS+C and CPC3007 in control rooms ranged from 24 × 10(3) to 243 × 10(3) cm(-3) and 5.1 × 10(3) to 97 × 10(3) cm(-3), respectively. The elemental composition and the structure of particles in different production phases varied. In the cold-rolling mill non-process particles were abundant. In other sites, chromium and iron originating from ore and recycled steel scrap were the most common elements in the particles studied. Particle mass concentrations were at the same level as that reported earlier. However, particle number measurements showed a high amount of ultrafine particles, especially in sintering, alloy smelting and melting, and tapping operations. Particle number concentration and size distribution measurements provide important information regarding exposure to ultrafine particles, which cannot be seen in particle mass measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja Järvelä
- a Aerosols, Dusts and Metals, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Anna-Kaisa Viitanen
- c Nanosafety Research Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Tampere , Finland
| | - Tomi Kanerva
- c Nanosafety Research Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Tampere , Finland
| | - Esa Vanhala
- a Aerosols, Dusts and Metals, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jukka Uitti
- d Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Tampere , Finland
| | - Antti J Koivisto
- c Nanosafety Research Centre, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Tampere , Finland
| | | | - Ritva Luukkonen
- f Statistical Services, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Timo Tuomi
- a Aerosols, Dusts and Metals, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , Helsinki , Finland
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Budzyńska PM, Niemelä M, Sarapulov AV, Kyläniemi MK, Nera KP, Junttila S, Laiho A, Mattila PK, Alinikula J, Lassila O. IRF4 Deficiency Leads to Altered BCR Signalling Revealed by Enhanced PI3K Pathway, Decreased SHIP Expression and Defected Cytoskeletal Responses. Scand J Immunol 2016; 82:418-28. [PMID: 26173778 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The graded expression of transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) regulates B cell development and is critical for plasma cell differentiation. However, the mechanisms, by which IRF4 elicits its crucial tasks, are largely unknown. To characterize the molecular targets of IRF4 in B cells, we established an IRF4-deficient DT40 B cell line. We found that in the absence of IRF4, the expression of several molecules involved in BCR signalling was altered. For example, the expression of B cell adaptor for PI3K (BCAP) was upregulated, whereas the SHIP (SH2-containing Inositol 5?-Phosphatase) expression was downregulated. These molecular unbalances were accompanied by increased BCR-induced calcium signalling, attenuated B cell linker protein (BLNK) and ERK activity and enhanced activity of PI3K/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Further, the IRF4-deficient cells showed dramatically diminished cytoskeletal responses to anti-IgM cross-linking. Our results show that IRF4 has an important role in the regulation of BCR signalling and help to shed light on the molecular mechanisms of B cell development and germinal centre response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Budzyńska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M Niemelä
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - A V Sarapulov
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M K Kyläniemi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - K-P Nera
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - S Junttila
- The Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Center, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland
| | - A Laiho
- The Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Center, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland
| | - P K Mattila
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - J Alinikula
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - O Lassila
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Abstract
The culture medium of Streptomyces xanthochromogenes JH903 was found to show selective activity against DNA-repair-deficient Escherichia coli CM871 strain. In this report we describe a simple method to locate and isolate DNA binding compounds from the fermentation broth. The method is based on the retention of DNA-reacting compounds in cellulose complexed with DNA, and purification of these compounds with thin-layer chromatography. Screening of microbial metabolites from chloroform extracts of fermentation media resulted in detection of five genotoxic fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Holmalahti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Finland
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Junttila S, Tossavainen A, Hartikainen T, Härmä P, Korhonen K, Suominen V, Pyy L. Airborne Mineral Fibers and Quartz Dust in Precambrian Metamorphic Limestone and Dolomite Mines in Finland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/1047322x.1996.10390017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ihlebekk H, Eilertsen S, Junttila S, Grindal G, Moe R. CONTROL OF PLANT HEIGHT IN CAMPANULA ISOPHYLLA BY TEMPERATURE ALTERNATIONS; INVOLVEMENT OF GAS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.1995.394.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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